CN110839427B - High-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata - Google Patents
High-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata, belonging to the technical field of woody plant seedling breeding. The method takes magnolia seedlings as grafting stocks, annual branches of magnolia denudata with color leaves as scions, the upper cuts of the scions are cut flatly, the lower cuts are cut obliquely at an angle of 30 degrees, and then the opposite sides are cut obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees, so that the lower cuts are wedge-shaped overall; then, the rootstock is cut off from a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut is flat, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surface, and the rootstock is cut downwards from a position which is 1/4-1/3 away from the edge, and the depth is 2.5-3 cm; and finally, aligning the scion with the cambium of the stock, inserting the scion into the cut of the stock, and tightly wrapping the scion and the cambium of the stock by using a special grafting film. The method not only can keep the excellent properties of the magnolia denudata, but also can obtain large-size high-quality seedlings of the magnolia denudata in a short time, and is beneficial to market development and popularization; meanwhile, because the scion before grafting is subjected to hormone pretreatment, the cut after grafting is quickly healed, and the survival rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of woody plant seedling breeding, and particularly relates to a high-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata.
Background
The magnolia sieboldii is a natural mutant of the magnolia sieboldii with yellow-green alternate leaf color, the shape of the mutant is similar to that of the common magnolia sieboldii, but the leaf color has great variation, the leaves are stripes with yellow-green alternate leaf color, and the progeny is further grafted and propagated to obtain the progeny, so that the phenotype of the asexual propagated progeny is consistent with that of the mother plant, the stability of the phenotype is better, the magnolia sieboldii can be used as an excellent material for breeding a new variety of the magnolia sieboldii with good landscape effect and precious ornamental value, and the protection right of the new variety is applied and approved at present.
The magnolia denudata serving as a new variety has important ornamental value, but the existing stock is few, the result is not obtained, and the seeds cannot be used for large-scale propagation, so that the propagation can only depend on asexual propagation for rapid propagation at present, so that the further popularization is facilitated. Although the cuttage can maintain the maternal characters, 4-5 years are needed from the beginning of the cuttage to the application of emergence, and the development and the application of the cuttage are severely restricted. The grafting is one of the main ways for solving the problem of seedling production in the existing seedling industry, can obtain large-size high-quality seedlings of the magnolia liliiflora pall in a short time, and meets the market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata, which aims to solve the problems that the magnolia denudata as a new variety cannot be subjected to large-scale propagation by using seeds and the time required for cuttage propagation is too long.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata with colored leaves comprises the following steps:
1) selecting 2-year-old magnolia seedlings with the ground diameter of 2 cm as stocks; selecting annual white magnolia branches which grow well and are free of diseases as scions, wherein the thickness of the branches is 1.5 cm, trimming the scions into 25-30 cm sections, and leaving 6-8 buds;
2) the upper incision of the scion is cut flatly, the lower incision is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, the lower incision is totally wedge-shaped, the cut surface is flat and smooth, and no burr exists;
3) soaking the scion in a plant hormone solution;
4) cutting off the magnolia seedlings of the rootstocks from a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, wherein the cut openings are smooth, then cutting the magnolia seedlings downwards from a position which is about 1/4-1/3 of the diameter from the edge and is 2.5-3 cm deep, wherein the cut openings are vertical to the cut surfaces;
5) and (3) inserting the long scion section close to the center of the stock into an incision, aligning the long scion section with a cambium, wherein the insertion depth is the length of the long scion section, and then fastening and sealing the whole grafting part by using a transparent film.
Furthermore, the plant hormone solution is a mixed solution of 2mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine, 8mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 2mg/L of indoleacetic acid, and the soaking time is 1 hour.
Further, compound organic fertilizer is applied to the magnolia seedlings one month before truncation.
Further, the cloudy day from the first ten days of March to the middle ten days of March is selected as the grafting time.
Further, the scion is grafted before germination.
Further, the film is released after the scion sprouts.
Has the advantages that: the method takes the magnolia seedlings as grafting stocks, takes annual branches of the magnolia denudata as scions, adopts a cutting grafting method to carry out high-stem grafting on the magnolia denudata, can maintain the excellent properties of the magnolia denudata, and can obtain large-size high-quality magnolia denudata seedlings in a short time; meanwhile, because the scion before grafting is subjected to hormone pretreatment, the cut after grafting is quickly healed, and the survival rate is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of Magnolia liliiflora with colored leaves;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the current autumn after the grafting survival of the rootstock and the grafting scion of the magnolia denudata with the color leaves.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Selecting the rootstock and the scion: the rootstock is selected to be a 2-year-old seedling of the Yulan, the ground diameter is 1.5-2 cm, and the compound organic fertilizer is applied one month in advance. The scion selects annual branches which grow well and have no diseases, the thickness is about 1.0-1.5 cm, the scion is cut into 25-30 cm long, and 6-8 buds are left.
(2) Grafting time: the grafting can be carried out before spring germination from the last ten days of March to the middle ten days of March, and is carried out in cloudy days or at proper temperature as much as possible.
(3) Treating the rootstock and the scion: the scion is required to be cut flatly by an upper cut, the lower cut is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of a cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, so that the lower cut is wedge-shaped overall, and the cut surface is required to be flat and smooth and has no burrs. The scion was then soaked in a solution containing 2 mg/L6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 8mg/L Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 2mg/L indole acetic acid (IBA) for 1 hour. The magnolia seedlings selected as the rootstocks are cut at a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut openings are smooth, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surfaces, and the seedlings are cut at a position which is about 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and has a depth of 2.5-3 cm.
(4) Grafting: the long scion grafting section which is well soaked by hormone is inserted into an incision close to the center of a stock, the cambium is aligned, the insertion depth is the length of the long section, then a transparent film is used for tightly binding and sealing the whole grafting part, the grafting part cannot leak, and the film is removed after scion germination.
(5) And (5) observing the sprouting condition of the scions 45 days after grafting, and counting the survival rate.
Example 2
(1) Selecting the rootstock and the scion: the rootstock is selected to be a 2-year-old seedling of the Yulan, the ground diameter is 1.5-2 cm, and the compound organic fertilizer is applied one month in advance. The scion selects annual branches which grow well and have no diseases, the thickness is about 1.0-1.5 cm, the scion is cut into 25-30 cm long, and 6-8 buds are left.
(2) Grafting time: the grafting can be carried out before spring germination from the last ten days of March to the middle ten days of March, and is carried out in cloudy days or at proper temperature as much as possible.
(3) Treating the rootstock and the scion: the scion is required to be cut flatly by an upper cut, the lower cut is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of a cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, so that the lower cut is wedge-shaped overall, and the cut surface is required to be flat and smooth and has no burrs. The scion was then soaked in a solution containing 1.5 mg/L6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 4mg/L Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 2mg/L indole acetic acid (IBA) for 1 hour. The magnolia seedlings selected as the rootstocks are cut at a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut openings are smooth, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surfaces, and the seedlings are cut at a position which is about 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and has a depth of 2.5-3 cm.
(4) Grafting: the long scion grafting section which is well soaked by hormone is inserted into an incision close to the center of a stock, the cambium is aligned, the insertion depth is the length of the long section, then a transparent film is used for tightly binding and sealing the whole grafting part, the grafting part cannot leak, and the film is removed after scion germination.
(5) And (5) observing the sprouting condition of the scions 45 days after grafting, and counting the survival rate.
Example 3
(1) Selecting the rootstock and the scion: the rootstock is selected to be a 2-year-old seedling of the Yulan, the ground diameter is 1.5-2 cm, and the compound organic fertilizer is applied one month in advance. The scion selects annual branches which grow well and have no diseases, the thickness is about 1.0-1.5 cm, the scion is cut into 25-30 cm long, and 6-8 buds are left.
(2) Grafting time: the grafting can be carried out before spring germination from the last ten days of March to the middle ten days of March, and is carried out in cloudy days or at proper temperature as much as possible.
(3) Treating the rootstock and the scion: the scion is required to be cut flatly by an upper cut, the lower cut is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of a cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, so that the lower cut is wedge-shaped overall, and the cut surface is required to be flat and smooth and has no burrs. The scion was then soaked in a solution containing 1 mg/L6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 2mg/L Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 2mg/L indole acetic acid (IBA) for 1 hour. The magnolia seedlings selected as the rootstocks are cut at a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut openings are smooth, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surfaces, and the seedlings are cut at a position which is about 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and has a depth of 2.5-3 cm.
(4) Grafting: the long scion grafting section which is well soaked by hormone is inserted into an incision close to the center of a stock, the cambium is aligned, the insertion depth is the length of the long section, then a transparent film is used for tightly binding and sealing the whole grafting part, the grafting part cannot leak, and the film is removed after scion germination.
(5) And (5) observing the sprouting condition of the scions 45 days after grafting, and counting the survival rate.
Example 4
(1) Selecting the rootstock and the scion: the rootstock is selected to be a 2-year-old seedling of the Yulan, the ground diameter is 1.5-2 cm, and the compound organic fertilizer is applied one month in advance. The scion selects annual branches which grow well and have no diseases, the thickness is about 1.0-1.5 cm, the scion is cut into 25-30 cm long, and 6-8 buds are left.
(2) Grafting time: the grafting can be carried out before spring germination from the last ten days of March to the middle ten days of March, and is carried out in cloudy days or at proper temperature as much as possible.
(3) Treating the rootstock and the scion: the scion is required to be cut flatly by an upper cut, the lower cut is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of a cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, so that the lower cut is wedge-shaped overall, and the cut surface is required to be flat and smooth and has no burrs. The scion was then soaked in a solution containing 0.5 mg/L6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 1mg/L Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 2mg/L indole acetic acid (IBA) for 1 hour. The magnolia seedlings selected as the rootstocks are cut at a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut openings are smooth, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surfaces, and the seedlings are cut at a position which is about 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and has a depth of 2.5-3 cm.
(4) Grafting: the long scion grafting section which is well soaked by hormone is inserted into an incision close to the center of a stock, the cambium is aligned, the insertion depth is the length of the long section, then a transparent film is used for tightly binding and sealing the whole grafting part, the grafting part cannot leak, and the film is removed after scion germination.
(5) And (5) observing the sprouting condition of the scions 45 days after grafting, and counting the survival rate.
Example 5
(1) Selecting the rootstock and the scion: the rootstock is selected to be a 2-year-old seedling of the Yulan, the ground diameter is 1.5-2 cm, and the compound organic fertilizer is applied one month in advance. The scion selects annual branches which grow well and have no diseases, the thickness is about 1.0-1.5 cm, the scion is cut into 25-30 cm long, and 6-8 buds are left.
(2) Grafting time: the grafting can be carried out before spring germination from the last ten days of March to the middle ten days of March, and is carried out in cloudy days or at proper temperature as much as possible.
(3) Treating the rootstock and the scion: the scion is required to be cut flatly by an upper cut, the lower cut is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of a cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, so that the lower cut is wedge-shaped overall, and the cut surface is required to be flat and smooth and has no burrs. Then the scions are soaked in clear water for 1 hour. The magnolia seedlings selected as the rootstocks are cut at a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut openings are smooth, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surfaces, and the seedlings are cut at a position which is about 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and has a depth of 2.5-3 cm.
(4) Grafting: the scion long section which is soaked in clean water is inserted into an incision close to the center of a stock, the cambium is aligned, the insertion depth is the length of the long section, then the whole grafting part is fastened and sealed by a transparent film, the grafting part cannot leak, and the film is removed after scion germination.
(5) And (5) observing the sprouting condition of the scions 45 days after grafting, and counting the survival rate.
Example 6
(1) Selecting the rootstock and the scion: the rootstock is selected to be a 2-year-old seedling of the Yulan, the ground diameter is 1.5-2 cm, and the compound organic fertilizer is applied one month in advance. The scion selects annual branches which grow well and have no diseases, the thickness is about 1.0-1.5 cm, the scion is cut into 25-30 cm long, and 6-8 buds are left.
(2) Grafting time: the grafting can be carried out before spring germination from the last ten days of March to the middle ten days of March, and is carried out in cloudy days or at proper temperature as much as possible.
(3) Treating the rootstock and the scion: the scion is required to be cut flatly by an upper cut, the lower cut is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of a cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, so that the lower cut is wedge-shaped overall, and the cut surface is required to be flat and smooth and has no burrs. The magnolia seedlings selected as the rootstocks are cut at a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, the cut openings are smooth, then a cutter is perpendicular to the cut surfaces, and the seedlings are cut at a position which is about 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and has a depth of 2.5-3 cm.
(4) Grafting: the long scion section is inserted into the incision close to the center of the stock and aligned with the cambium, the insertion depth is the length of the long section, then the whole grafting part is fastened and sealed by utilizing a transparent film, the grafting part cannot leak outside, and the film is removed after scion germination.
(5) And (5) observing the sprouting condition of the scions 45 days after grafting, and counting the survival rate.
Finally, the influence of different grafting methods and scion treatment methods on the grafting survival rate is counted, and the statistical results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of scion treatment method on grafting survival
Claims (5)
1. The high-stem grafting method for the magnolia denudata with colored leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) selecting 2-year-old magnolia seedlings with the ground diameter of 1.5-2 cm as stocks; selecting annual white magnolia branches which grow well and are free of diseases as scions, wherein the thickness of the annual white magnolia branches is 1.0-1.5 cm, trimming the scions into 25-30 cm sections, and leaving 6-8 buds;
2) the upper incision of the scion is cut flatly, the lower incision is firstly beveled at 30 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.5-2 cm, then the opposite side is beveled at 45 degrees, the length of the cut surface is 1.0-1.5 cm, the lower incision is totally wedge-shaped, the cut surface is flat and smooth, and no burr exists;
3) soaking the scion in a plant hormone solution; the phytohormone solution is a mixed solution of 2 mg/L6-benzylaminopurine, 8mg/L naphthylacetic acid and 2mg/L indoleacetic acid, and the soaking time is 1 hour;
4) cutting off the magnolia seedlings of the stock from a position 1.5 meters away from the ground, wherein the cut opening is smooth, then cutting the magnolia seedlings downwards from a position which is 1/4-1/3 away from the edge and is 2.5-3 cm deep, wherein the cut opening is vertical to the cut surface;
5) and (3) inserting the long scion section close to the center of the stock into an incision, aligning the long scion section with a cambium, wherein the insertion depth is the length of the long scion section, and then fastening and sealing the whole grafting part by using a transparent film.
2. The high-stem grafting method for the magnolia denudata according to claim 1, wherein the magnolia seedlings are applied with a compound organic fertilizer one month before truncation.
3. The high-stem grafting method for the magnolia sieboldii with colored leaves according to claim 1, wherein the grafting method selects the cloudy day from the first to the middle of March as the grafting time.
4. The high-stem grafting method for magnolia sieboldii with colored leaves according to claim 1, wherein the scion is grafted before germination.
5. The high-stem grafting method for magnolia denudata according to claim 1, wherein the film is released after scion germination.
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