CN107494168A - A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method - Google Patents
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107494168A CN107494168A CN201710963040.XA CN201710963040A CN107494168A CN 107494168 A CN107494168 A CN 107494168A CN 201710963040 A CN201710963040 A CN 201710963040A CN 107494168 A CN107494168 A CN 107494168A
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- ligustrum lucidum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of plant asexual reproduction method, and in particular to a kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method.The present invention provides a kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds and connects propagation method, and it is stock to choose 12 years raw ligustrum lucidum ait seedlings, plane earth cutting strunk, newly to sprout branch as bud acceptor.Then the current-year branch for choosing 5 years raw above plant is propagating materials.In mid-March and mid-August, grafting operation is carried out by the way of peltate bud connects.Membrane removal, cut anvil, fertilising, bondage, bud picking, weeding, watering management are carried out after grafting.Winter prevents extreme low temperature freeze injury.The ligustrum lucidum ait survival rate that this method is bred is more than 96.1%, and big planting percent of setting can be stablized more than 98.0% and hold merit possessed by maternal plant, and later stage plant strain growth is good, and with the obvious advantage, afforestation effect is stable, meets large scale application demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant asexual reproduction method, and in particular to a kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method.
Background technology
Ligustrum lucidum ait is rare transition class aiphyllium deciduous species, is 6~10m in the general height of tree of northern area, tree
It is preced with avette, bark celadon, does not ftracture smoothly, leaf keratin and crisp, long 6~12cm.Ligustrum lucidum ait is as evergreen species to weather
It is required that it is not tight, -12 DEG C or so of low temperature is generally resistant to, it is slightly water-fast wet, it is deep-rootedness seeds, fibrous root is flourishing, and growth is fast, rudiment power
By force, resistance to trimming, but it is not barren-resistant.The leaf that ligustrum lucidum ait is green throughout the year is full of vitality, to a variety of toxic gas resistances of air compared with
By force, such as there is stronger resistance to sulfur dioxide, chlorine, hydrogen fluoride and lead steam, blade also has stronger to dust, smoke contamination
Patience and retarded capability, air quality, purifying city air can be improved.Ligustrum lucidum ait is that the excellent afforestation in north city is tall
Wood species, the township afforestation in the Yellow River middle and lower reaches region is successfully used for, frequently as shade tree and courtyard greening seeds etc..According to tune
Look into, in Zhengzhou City, ligustrum lucidum ait can account for 20% or so of all landscape trees, have turnpike road row in Shijiazhuang, Jinan City
The successful precedent of road tree planting, and the dosage and scope in northern township afforestation of ligustrum lucidum ait are also increasing year by year.
The freeze injury in winter is one of subject matter that ligustrum lucidum ait grows in north city, and many cities constantly go out in recent years
Now winter lowest temperature since the dawn of human civilization and freeze injury.In the case that ligustrum lucidum ait nursery lot large area is by freeze injury, have once in a while by
The lighter individual plant of freeze injury, therefore the reproduction test of a variety of methods has been carried out to it, to retain the cold-resistant characteristic of fine individual plant.
Ligustrum lucidum ait seedsetting amount is larger, when being bred to the select tree that various regions are screened using the method for sowing, finds seed
Germination percentage often only has 50-70%, and the survival rate of seedling is not also high after budding, and the seedling growth cycle length bred, character
It is unstable, differed greatly after afforestation in the character such as the speed of growth, resistance, tree-like, influence the control of ligustrum lucidum ait nursery.For
Retaining the merit of ligustrum lucidum ait individual plant can use the method for artificial asexual multiplication to carry out nursery, be found by experiment that, cuttage
The ligustrum lucidum ait survival rate of breeding does not often reach 30%.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of ligustrum lucidum ait that can keep maternal merit
Rapid propagation method, the ligustrum lucidum ait survival rate bred in this approach is high, cost is low.
The present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The preparation and processing of stock：In 1-2 months, it is real to choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes
Raw seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When rudiment is highly more than 10cm in root, bud picking, retain the 2-3 surging rudiment of growth；In rudiment
When highly reaching 20cm, bud picking, retain 1 surging rudiment of growth as stock；
Step 2：The preparation and processing of scion：The ligustrum lucidum ait of robust growth, no disease and pests harm, 5 years raw above is chosen, is cut thereon
The full current-year branch of sturdy, no disease and pests harm, sprout is taken, branch carries more than 10cm 2 years raw old branch, keeps connecing before grafting
Fringe activity；
Step 3：Bud connects the time：Mid-March and mid-August, temperature is 22 DEG C -32 DEG C when bud connects operation；
Step 4：Bud connects operation：Using plate budding method, i.e. peltate bud connects；Healthy and strong full sprout in the middle part of fringe bar is selected, is cut out
Thickness is 2-3mm, and length is 1.3-1.5cm peltate bud tablets, and bud tablets are with xylem；Stock northeast face is chosen, apart from ground
One piece of band xylem is pruned at 10cm, and the peltate skin bit consistent with bud tablets size and form, its width are no more than anvil at grafting
Ebon does the 1/3 of one week；Both forming layers of alignment, the peltate bud tablets cut are embedded in stock, bud tablets lower end is cut with stock
Face lower cut contiguity；Then up twined since bottom with plastic sheeting, only twine thin film；
Step 5：Managing after grafting：When sprouting grows to 15-20cm, film is removed, while cut from flat mouth at the 1.5cm of graft union top
Go stock top seedling stem；When the young sprout of grafting survival is more than 30cm, the 1st fertilising is carried out, the 2nd fertilising is carried out after 30 days；When
When young sprout grows to 40cm, pillar is set up against stock, Zhi Zhuchang 1m, young sprout is tied up and supported on pillar；Erase on stock
Rudiment, weeding, poured water when arid, winter prevention extreme low temperature freeze injury；Spring next year transplant grafting survival seedling.
Further, in the step 1, in addition to stock planting density is 30cm × 40cm.
Further, in the step 2, in addition to March collection scion when temperature be more than 15 DEG C, August part with
Adopt.
Further, in the step 2, keep scion activity to refer to before grafting, keep fringe bar bottom to immerse water before grafting
Middle 10cm；Grafting or scion can not such as be carried out in time to be needed to transport for long-distance, and old branch are cut off into 5cm, the wet newspaper ventilated with Zha Dong
Wrapped up with preservative film, and transport subenvironment temperature is maintained at less than 25 DEG C；Fringe bar standby for a long time is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator
Refrigeration, or hang in well, do not contacted with water.
Further, in the step 3, temperature is 23-27 DEG C when bud connects operation.
Further, in the step 4, in addition to the stock chosen diameter at the 20cm of ground is more than or equal to 8mm.
Further, in the step 4, peltate bud tablets be below sprout at 0.5cm it is crosscutting, then from bud
Top obtains away from downward cut to crosscutting place below bud at sprout 0.8-1cm.
Further, in the step 4, peltate bud tablets thickness is 2.5mm, length 1.4cm.
Further, in the step 5, fertilising refers to each every plant of ditch spread composite fertilizer 10g.
Further, in the step 5, in addition to grafting survival seedling plantation density is 50cm × 50cm.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) present invention connects this vegetative manner using bud, can breed a large amount of excellent clone nursery stocks, solve ligustrum lucidum ait
The problems such as growth, cold-resistant anti-adversity ability and tree-like difference that nursery stock of growing directly from seeds occurs after its afforestation.Utilize the clone seedling of production
Wood establishes excellent breeding garden, can improve ligustrum lucidum ait and grow directly from seeds the quality of nursery stock, quickly realize improved seeds efficiently breed and
Promote；
(2) present invention is short compared with the mating system growing-seedling period such as sowing, cuttage, survival rate is high, and time length can be grafted, can save scion
And stock material, the stock not survived can again be mended and connect, effectively utilize nursery lot and high-quality stock；
(3) in the present invention, the fringe bar of collection carries more than 10cm biennial old branch, immersion processing, long-distance fortune before fringe bar grafting
Moisturizing is handled in defeated way, the same day is not run out the chilling treatment of fringe bar, is effective to ensure that scion activity and utilization rate, Jin Erti
High graft survival rate；
(4) in the present invention, ligustrum lucidum ait is bred using peltate budding method, and its bud tablets carries xylem, thickness 2-
3mm, length 1.3-1.5cm, width are no more than 1/3 of trunk one week at stock grafting, graft union to acceptor nutrition transport by
Resistance influences smaller, and stock and scion affinity are high, and engagement is firm, and organization healing speed is fast, enable it is quick, provide well
Acceptor and donor nutrition, scion activity is kept, so as to greatly reduce or prevent the possibility infected at healing by disease pest；
(5) in the present invention, only graft union is wound with thin film, sealing function is both served, turn avoid multilayer and twine
Around the risk that injury is produced to sprout；
(6) in the present invention, cut anvil when sprouting grows to 15-20cm, the young sprout survived applies fertilizer twice more than after 30cm, and young sprout length
To the management of bondage pillar during 40cm, can making clone, seedling is quick then, strong growth, and its average height reaches 1.7m, highest
Up to 2.2m；
(7) present invention is that, by this kind of method, survival rate is 96.1% based on the ligustrum lucidum ait research educated of selecting good strains in the field for seed excellent for many years
More than, for planting percent more than 98.0%, the ligustrum lucidum ait seedling bred can stablize that to hold growth possessed by maternal plant prominent, anti-
Cold, strong stress resistance, the tree-like merit such as good, and later stage plant strain growth is good, it is with the obvious advantage.
Embodiment
In order that the technical purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearer, with reference to specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method, specifically include following steps：
(1) preparation and processing of stock：In January, 2014, it is real to choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes
Raw seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When spring root rudiment then is highly more than 10cm, retains the most strong bud of 3 growth potentials, erase other
Rudiment；3 budlings retained are when growing to 20cm, protect again and go by force weak, retain the strong branch of 1 growth potential as stock, stock
Planting density is 30cm × 40cm；
(2) preparation and processing of scion：Scion is derived from the sturdy branch raw then of 5 years raw above plant, and bud is full on branch, nothing
Pest and disease damage；Temperature when gathering scion March is more than 15 DEG C, and 8-9 months are with adopting；The fringe bar of collection is with more than 10cm
2 years raw old branch, fringe bar bottom is kept to be immersed in the water 10cm before grafting；Grafting or scion can not such as be carried out in time needs long-distance fortune
It is defeated, old branch are cut off into 5cm, wrapped up with the wet newspaper and preservative film of Zha Dong ventilations, and transport subenvironment temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C
Below；Fringe bar standby for a long time is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator and refrigerated, or hangs in well, is not contacted with water；
(3) bud connects operation：In mid-March, 2014, mid-August to early September carry out bud and connect, and temperature is 23-27 when bud connects operation
℃；Select healthy and strong full sprout in the middle part of fringe bar, below sprout at 0.5cm it is crosscutting, then away from bud above bud
Cut downwards to crosscutting place below bud at body 0.9cm, it is 2.5mm to cut out thickness, and length is 1.4cm peltate bud tablets, and bud tablets band is wooden
Matter portion；Diameter is more than 6mm and the stock less than 8mm at the 20cm of selected distance ground, in stock northeast face, at the 10cm of ground
One piece of band xylem is pruned, and the peltate skin bit consistent with bud tablets size and form, its width are no more than trunk at stock grafting
The 1/3 of one week；Both forming layers of alignment, the peltate bud tablets cut are embedded in stock, make bud tablets lower end and the incision of stock section
Mouth contiguity；Then up twined since graft union bottom with plastic sheeting, only twine thin film；
(4) managing after grafting：Change at real-time monitored grafting, after grafting 1 month, scion is broken through film and germinateed successively, sprouting length
During to 20cm, film is removed, while stock top seedling stem is cut off from flat mouth at the 1.5cm of graft union top；The young sprout of grafting survival
During more than 30cm, the 1st fertilising is carried out, the 2nd top dressing is carried out after 30 days, each every plant of ditch spread composite fertilizer 10g；When young sprout is grown to
During 40cm, pillar is set up against stock, Zhi Zhuchang 1m, young sprout is tied up and supported on pillar；The rudiment erased on stock, is removed
Grass, poured water when arid；The nursery stock of grafting, when the nursery stock of especially 8-9 month grafting survivals runs into low temperature freezing-disaster in the winter time, use is thin
Film covering antifreeze；Spring next year transplant grafting survival seedling, plantation density are 50cm × 50cm, investigate survival rate May.
The choiceness survival rate and survive record that the different times bud of table 1 connects
Embodiment 2
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method, specifically include following steps：
(1) preparation and processing of stock：In January, 2014, it is real to choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes
Raw seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When spring root rudiment then is highly more than 10cm, retains the most strong bud of 3 growth potentials, erase other
Rudiment；3 budlings retained are when growing to 20cm, protect again and go by force weak, retain the strong branch of 1 growth potential as stock, stock
Planting density is 30cm × 40cm；
(2) preparation and processing of scion：Scion is derived from the sturdy branch raw then of 5 years raw above plant, and bud is full on branch, nothing
Pest and disease damage；Temperature when gathering scion March is more than 15 DEG C, and 8-9 months are with adopting；The fringe bar of collection is with more than 10cm
2 years raw old branch, fringe bar bottom is kept to be immersed in the water 10cm before grafting；Grafting or scion can not such as be carried out in time needs long-distance fortune
It is defeated, old branch are cut off into 5cm, wrapped up with the wet newspaper and preservative film of Zha Dong ventilations, and transport subenvironment temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C
Below；Fringe bar standby for a long time is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator and refrigerated, or hangs in well, is not contacted with water；
(3) bud connects operation：In mid-March, 2014, mid-August to early September carry out bud and connect, and temperature is 23-27 when bud connects operation
℃；Select healthy and strong full sprout in the middle part of fringe bar, below sprout at 0.5cm it is crosscutting, then away from bud above bud
Cut downwards to crosscutting place below bud at body 0.9cm, it is 2.5mm to cut out thickness, and length is 1.4cm peltate bud tablets, and bud tablets band is wooden
Matter portion；Diameter is more than or equal to 8mm stock at the 20cm of selected distance ground, in stock northeast face, is pruned at the 10cm of ground
One piece of band xylem, and the peltate skin bit consistent with bud tablets size and form, its width are no more than trunk one week at stock grafting
1/3；Both forming layers of alignment, the peltate bud tablets cut are embedded in stock, make bud tablets lower end and stock section lower cut close
Connect；Then up twined since graft union bottom with plastic sheeting, only twine thin film；
(4) managing after grafting：Change at real-time monitored grafting, after grafting 1 month, scion is broken through film and germinateed successively, sprouting length
During to 20cm, film is removed, while stock top seedling stem is cut off from flat mouth at the 1.5cm of graft union top；The young sprout of grafting survival
During more than 30cm, the 1st fertilising is carried out, the 2nd top dressing is carried out after 30 days, each every plant of ditch spread composite fertilizer 10g；When young sprout is grown to
During 40cm, pillar is set up against stock, Zhi Zhuchang 1m, young sprout is tied up and supported on pillar；The rudiment erased on stock, is removed
Grass, poured water when arid；The nursery stock of grafting, when the nursery stock of especially 8-9 month grafting survivals runs into low temperature freezing-disaster in the winter time, use is thin
Film covering antifreeze；Spring next year transplant grafting survival seedling, plantation density are 50cm × 50cm, investigate survival rate May.
The choiceness survival rate and survive record that the different times bud of table 2 connects
Embodiment 3
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method, specifically include following steps：
(1) preparation and processing of stock：In 1-2 months, choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes and grow directly from seeds
Seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When rudiment is highly more than 10cm in root, bud picking, retain the 2-3 surging rudiment of growth；In rudiment height
When degree reaches 20cm, bud picking, retain 1 surging rudiment of growth as stock；
(2) preparation and processing of scion：The ligustrum lucidum ait of robust growth, no disease and pests harm, 5 years raw above is chosen, in clip thereon
The full current-year branch of sturdy, no disease and pests harm, sprout, branch carry more than 10cm 2 years raw old branch, scion are kept before grafting
Activity；
(3) bud connects the time：Mid-March and mid-August, temperature is 22-32 DEG C when bud connects operation；
(4) bud connects operation：Using plate budding method, i.e. peltate bud connects；Healthy and strong full sprout in the middle part of fringe bar is selected, cuts out thickness
For 2-3mm, length is 1.3-1.5cm peltate bud tablets, and bud tablets are with xylem；Stock northeast face is chosen, at the 10cm of ground
One piece of band xylem is pruned, and the peltate skin bit consistent with bud tablets size and form, its width are no more than trunk at stock grafting
The 1/3 of one week；Both forming layers of alignment, the peltate bud tablets cut are embedded in stock, make bud tablets lower end and the incision of stock section
Mouth contiguity；Then up twined since graft union bottom with plastic sheeting, only twine thin film；
(5) managing after grafting：When sprouting grows to 15-20cm, film is removed, while cut off from flat mouth at the 1.5cm of graft union top
Stock top seedling stem；When the young sprout of grafting survival is more than 30cm, the 1st fertilising is carried out, the 2nd top dressing is carried out after 30 days；When new
When the tip grows to 40cm, pillar is set up against stock, Zhi Zhuchang 1m, young sprout is tied up and supported on pillar；Erase sprouting on stock
Bud, weeding, poured water when arid, winter prevention extreme low temperature freeze injury；Spring next year transplant grafting survival seedling.
Embodiment 4
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait is abutted against propagation method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation and processing of stock：In January, 2014, it is real to choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes
Raw seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When spring root rudiment then is highly more than 10cm, retains the most strong bud of 3 growth potentials, erase other
Rudiment；3 budlings retained are when growing to 20cm, protect again and go by force weak, retain the strong branch of 1 growth potential as stock, stock
Planting density is 30cm × 40cm；
(2) preparation and processing of scion：Scion is derived from the sturdy branch raw then of 5 years raw above plant, and bud is full on branch, nothing
Pest and disease damage；Temperature when gathering scion March is more than 15 DEG C, and 8-9 months are with adopting；The fringe bar of collection is with more than 10cm
2 years raw old branch, fringe bar bottom is kept to be immersed in the water 10cm before grafting；Grafting or scion can not such as be carried out in time needs long-distance fortune
It is defeated, old branch are cut off into 5cm, wrapped up with the wet newspaper and preservative film of Zha Dong ventilations, and transport subenvironment temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C
Below；Fringe bar standby for a long time is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator and refrigerated, or hangs in well, is not contacted with water；
(3) it is abutted against operation：In mid-March, 2014, mid-August to early September are abutted against, and temperature is 23-27 when being abutted against operation
℃；Fringe bar is cut into scion of the 8-10cm length with 2-3 bud, stock and scion branch are cut xylem, length 3cm,
Both sides' forming layer is then aligned with, and is wound and sealed with plastic sheeting；
(4) managing after grafting：The management such as fertilising, support, protection, bud picking are synchronous with bud grafting method nursery stock to be carried out；Real-time monitored grafting
Place's change, after grafting 1 month, remove film.Spring next year transplant grafting survival seedling, plantation density are 50cm × 50cm, 5
Month investigates survival rate.
The choiceness survival rate and survive record that the different times of table 3 are abutted against
Embodiment 5
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait cleft grafting propagation method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation and processing of stock：In January, 2014, it is real to choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes
Raw seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When spring root rudiment then is highly more than 10cm, retains the most strong bud of 3 growth potentials, erase other
Rudiment；3 budlings retained are when growing to 20cm, protect again and go by force weak, retain the strong branch of 1 growth potential as stock, stock
Planting density is 30cm × 40cm；
(2) preparation and processing of scion：Scion is derived from the sturdy branch raw then of 5 years raw above plant, and bud is full on branch, nothing
Pest and disease damage；Temperature when gathering scion March is more than 15 DEG C, and 8-9 months are with adopting；The fringe bar of collection is with more than 10cm
2 years raw old branch, fringe bar bottom is kept to be immersed in the water 10cm before grafting；Grafting or scion can not such as be carried out in time needs long-distance fortune
It is defeated, old branch are cut off into 5cm, wrapped up with the wet newspaper and preservative film of Zha Dong ventilations, and transport subenvironment temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C
Below；Fringe bar standby for a long time is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator and refrigerated, or hangs in well, is not contacted with water；
(3) cleft grafting operates：In mid-March, 2014, mid-August to early September carry out cleft grafting, and temperature is 23-27 when cleft grafting operates
℃；Fringe bar is cut into scion of the 8-10cm length with 2-3 bud, by the both sides at the lower end 3cm of bud under scion, is whittled into 1-2cm
The tapered ramp of long flat smooth；Remove stock top, with grafting knife stock central point rive 1-2cm length interface, will
The tapered ramp insertion rootstock opening-cleaving of scion, is directed at both sides' forming layer, first with line colligation, then is wound and sealed with plastic sheeting；
(4) managing after grafting：The management such as fertilising, support, protection, bud picking are synchronous with bud grafting method nursery stock to be carried out；Real-time monitored grafting
Place's change, grafting remove film, the wiring of graft union are cut off after 5 months after 1 month；Spring next year transplant grafting survival
Seedling, plantation density are 50cm × 50cm, investigate survival rate May.
The choiceness survival rate of the different times cleft grafting of table 4 and survive record
Embodiment 6
A kind of ligustrum lucidum ait cuttage breeding method, specifically includes following steps：
(1) preparation and processing of cuttings：Cutting is derived from the sturdy branch raw then of 5 years raw above plant, and bud is full on branch, nothing
Pest and disease damage；Cutting is with adopting；Cuttage or cutting can not such as be carried out in time to be needed to transport for long-distance, the wet newspaper ventilated with Zha Dong
Wrapped up with preservative film to keep cutting humidity, and transport subenvironment temperature is maintained at less than 25 DEG C；Cutting standby for a long time
It is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator and refrigerates, or hang in well, is not contacted with water；
(2) preparation of matrix：Matrix is 1 from mass ratio：4：5 rural area soil, sawdust and decomposed cow dung mixed-matrix, in cuttage
The matrix disinfected was loaded into nutrition cup in first 1 day, neat, water spray adjustment air humidity to 75%- is put in greenhouse is tested
80%；
(3) cuttage operates：In mid-March, 2014, August just carry out cuttage, and temperature is 25-30 DEG C when cuttage operates；Cutting is cut
Into cuttings of the 8-10cm length with 2-3 full eyes, and at least provided with a piece of leaf, every leaf is cut off into half；Cutting is dense
The mixing for spending indolebutyric acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate for 500ppm~1500ppm is taken root and soaks 3-5s, indolebutyric acid and naphthalene second in solution
The mass ratio of acid is 2：1, it is inserted into matrix, depth is 4~5cm；
(4) managed after cuttage：The leaf wetness of cutting is kept using automatic sprayer, shower nozzle is full diameter 2mm micro- spray painting
Head, adjusts water spraying time and injection flow rate at any time according to weather and temperature change daily, and water source is running water；Sprayed every 10~15 days
50% carbendazol wettable powder or Cercobinm of 1 800~1000 times of dilution are spilt, two kinds of medicaments alternately make
With removing is dried up, cuttings of going mouldy, and spray number is reduced after cuttage rooting；Cultivated after taking root 15 days and carry out hardening, hardening condition
For：20~30 DEG C of temperature, humidity 75~85%, divulge information 1~3 time daily；After the completion of hardening, transplanted, rich water quality management is same to transfer
Seedlings picking；Spring next year transplant cutting survival seedling, plantation density are 50cm × 50cm, investigate survival rate May.
The choiceness survival rate of the different times cuttage of table 5 and survive record
As seen from the experiment：
(1) using the budding method of the present invention, graft survival rate can be greatly improved.Bud is connect in propagation method, apart from ground 20cm
Place's diameter of stock is more than 6mm and when being less than 8mm, graft survival rate 90.0%-96.5%, big tree planting percent 95.5% with
On；Diameter of stock is 8-10mm or during more than 10mm at the 20cm of ground, graft survival rate more than 96.1%, big tree into
Seedling rate is more than 98.0%；Inarching method graft survival rate is below 60.0%, and big planting percent of setting is less than 68.9%；Cleft graft grafting
Survival rate is below 82.7%, and average 75.9%, big planting percent of setting is less than 88.6%；The same terms stock different grafting methods are transferred
The survival rate of seedlings picking：Budding method improves 39.1%-65.1% compared with inarching method, and budding method improves compared with cleft grafting method
13.5%-47.1%；Big tree planting percent：Budding method improves 29.4%-50.2% compared with inarching method, and budding method is compared with cleft grafting side
Method improves 9.6%-39.9%；
(2) cutting propagation experiment shows that ligustrum lucidum ait cuttage survival rate does not reach 30%, big to set planting percent average 31.4%.
Using the inventive method, diameter of stock, which reaches 8mm and the above, at the 20cm of ground the original of higher survival rate
Because being：Graft union is apart from ground 10cm, and diameter of stock is not less than 8mm at this, and the stock bark width pruned during grafting does not surpass
Cross the 1/3 of trunk one week, graft union is obstructed on acceptor nutrition transport and influences smaller, and stock and scion affinity are significantly improved,
Engagement is firm, accelerates organization healing speed, enables quick, offer acceptor and donor nutrition well, keeps scion activity,
So as to reduce or prevent the possibility infected at healing by disease pest.
In summary：Using the inventive method, ligustrum lucidum ait seedling is given birth to 1-2, diameter reaches at the 20cm of ground
It is qualified stock to the nursery stock of 8mm and the above；In mid-March and mid-August, when temperature is 23-27 DEG C, bud connects ligustrum lucidum ait,
Ligustrum lucidum ait reproductive survival rate can be effectively improved, makes survival rate more than 96.1%, big planting percent of setting is more than 98.0%；Breed
Ligustrum lucidum ait seedling can stablize and hold merit possessed by maternal plant, and later stage plant strain growth is good, with the obvious advantage, green
Change effect stability, meet large scale application demand.
It should be noted last that：Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the technical scheme being not intended to limit the present invention, any right
The equivalent substitution and do not depart from the modification of spirit and scope of the invention or local replacement that the present invention is carried out, it all should cover in this hair
In bright protective scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The preparation and processing of stock：In 1-2 months, it is real to choose robust growth, no disease and pests harm, the ligustrum lucidum ait of 1-2 lifes
Raw seedling, plane earth cutting strunk；When rudiment is highly more than 10cm in root, bud picking, retain the 2-3 surging rudiment of growth；In rudiment
When highly reaching 20cm, bud picking, retain 1 surging rudiment of growth as stock；
Step 2：The preparation and processing of scion：The ligustrum lucidum ait of robust growth, no disease and pests harm, 5 years raw above is chosen, is cut thereon
The full current-year branch of sturdy, no disease and pests harm, sprout is taken, branch carries more than 10cm 2 years raw old branch, keeps connecing before grafting
Fringe activity；
Step 3：Bud connects the time：Mid-March and mid-August, temperature is 22 DEG C -32 DEG C when bud connects operation；
Step 4：Bud connects operation：Using plate budding method, i.e. peltate bud connects；Healthy and strong full sprout in the middle part of fringe bar is selected, is cut out
Thickness is 2-3mm, and length is 1.3-1.5cm peltate bud tablets, and bud tablets are with xylem；Stock northeast face is chosen, apart from ground
One piece of band xylem is pruned at 10cm, and the peltate skin bit consistent with bud tablets size and form, its width are no more than anvil at grafting
Ebon does the 1/3 of one week；Both forming layers of alignment, the peltate bud tablets cut are embedded in stock, bud tablets lower end is cut with stock
Face lower cut contiguity；Then up twined since bottom with plastic sheeting, only twine thin film；
Step 5：Managing after grafting：When sprouting grows to 15-20cm, film is removed, while from flat mouth at the cm of graft union top 1.5
Cut off stock top seedling stem；When the young sprout of grafting survival is more than 30cm, the 1st fertilising is carried out, the 2nd fertilising is carried out after 30 days；
When young sprout grows to 40cm, pillar is set up against stock, Zhi Zhuchang 1m, young sprout is tied up and supported on pillar；Erase on stock
Rudiment, weeding, poured water when arid, winter prevention extreme low temperature freeze injury；Spring next year transplant grafting survival seedling.
2. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 1, in addition to
Stock planting density is 30cm × 40cm.
3. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, in addition to
Temperature when gathering scion March is more than 15 DEG C, and August part is with adopting.
4. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, before grafting
Keep scion activity to refer to, keep fringe bar bottom to be immersed in the water 10cm before grafting；Grafting or scion needs can not be such as carried out in time
Old branch are cut off 5cm by long-distance transport, are wrapped up with the wet newspaper and preservative film of Zha Dong ventilations, and keep transport subenvironment temperature
Below 25 DEG C；Fringe bar standby for a long time is put in 5 DEG C of refrigerator and refrigerated, or hangs in well, is not contacted with water.
5. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 3, bud meets behaviour
Temperature is 23-27 DEG C when making.
6. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 4, in addition to
The stock of selection diameter at the 20cm of ground is more than or equal to 8mm.
7. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 4, peltate bud
Piece be below sprout at 0.5cm it is crosscutting, then above bud away from being cut downwards at sprout 0.8-1cm to horizontal below bud
Cut place's acquirement.
8. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In the step 4, peltate bud
Piece thickness is 2.5mm, length 1.4cm.
9. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, fertilising is
Refer to every plant of ditch spread composite fertilizer 10g every time.
10. ligustrum lucidum ait shoot buds connect propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, also wrap
It is 50cm × 50cm to include grafting survival seedling plantation density.
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