CN103385119B - Micheliacompressa grafting method - Google Patents
Micheliacompressa grafting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micheliacompressa grafting method, comprising the steps of A, tulip tree stock cultivation, B, micheliacompressa cion preprocessing, C, the grafting method and D, post-graft management, wherein the micheliacompressa is grafted by adopting the tulip tree as the stock, cutting slips are inserted into the stock after being soaked by a plant growth regulator and 1% of DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) in sequence, and the after forming layers of the cutting slips and the stock are leveled, an anti-drop film is adopted to tightly wind and wrap the joint from top to bottom. The micheliacompressa grafting method can enable the seedling of the tulip tree grafted in the next year to achieve 98%, the survival rate of the grafted micheliacompressa to achieve 95% and has a broad application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seedling propagation by grafiting technical field, be specifically related to the grafting method that a kind of Taiwan is had a smile on one's face.
Background technology
Taiwan with a smile (Michelia compressa), belongs to Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae) Michelia (Michelia L.) plant.Evergreen megaphanerophyte, bark taupe, slightly smooth.Ye Quanyuan or wavy edge, keratin, leaf bud and bud have draped over one's shoulders russet fine hair.In Evergreen Broad-leaved Tree Species, the landscape effect that Taiwan is had a smile on one's face is given prominence to, tree-like compact, dryness is comparatively strong, and tree crown is closely coniform, and side shoot is all upward to be stretched, draw close to trunk, dark green and glossiness blade is intensive is born in 1,2 year vimineous top, the tree crown that the formation four seasons are dark green and dense.Spend petite simple and elegant, breezy, give out light fragrance.By expanding numerous popularization, fine tree species are viewed and admired in that Taiwan can become Jiangsu Province and even East China fast-growing with a smile completely, that ornamental value is higher greening.
Grafting refers to the tissue fusion of a plant to the technology on another plant.It is the method for a kind of vegetative propagation plant of horticulture extensive use.Propagation by grafiting views and admires in nursery stock production to solve maternal limited amount or the low main propagation method of cuttage survival rate, produces that the upper stock utilized mainly bred by seedling at present.Grafting has very large meaning to the improvement of plant variety and the preservation of breeding, and gardens have important purposes.The Biological Principles of grafting survival is the surface of anvil fringe bevel, the barrier film of one deck brown is formed by the residue of dead cell, afterwards because of the effect of callus, make the cell division of wound circumference, cambial cell enlivens, break through barrier film and form callus, callus cell breaks up further, inwardly forms new xylem, outwards forms new phloem, the respective xylem vessel of anvil fringe and phloem sieve tube are linked up, makes conducting tissue UNICOM.Be connected with both cork cells along with the cork cell that outside is new is formed, final healing becomes a new plant.
Taiwan originates in Taiwan with a smile, is distributed in Taiwan and Japan.Central China finds without wild resource, and preservation 5 strain is introduced a fine variety in cultivation aspect only Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen one place.Maternal quantity is extremely limited, the original producton location of having a smile on one's face, Taiwan is at the greatest differences of weather, soil and other biological condition, Taiwan is caused to introduce a fine variety rear hip number with a smile little, and its seedling to there is reproduction speed slow, breeding cycle is long, and percentage of seedgermination is lower, and seedling such as not easily to survive at the defect, therefore, Taiwan is had a smile on one's face the breeding of plant and is adopted propagation by grafiting more.Liu Xingjian etc., the introduction behave of Taiwan with a smile in Nanjing and propagation by grafiting experiment, disclosing is the method that stock grafting Taiwan is had a smile on one's face with 1999 and calendar year 2001 with yulan magnolia respectively, achieve survival rate 27%, the survival rate of 72%, it is lower still to there is survival rate in it, and growing-seedling period is longer, be generally about 2 years, after transplanting, tree vigo(u)r is general, easily endures cold, not easily spends the defects such as winter low temperature, make commodity cultivation period elongated, add seedling cost; Postpone the best period of commercial seedling listing, affect economic benefit.
Chinese tulip tree (liriodendrom chinense) belongs to Magnoliaceae, Liriodendron plant, feature is strong adaptability, growth is fast, resistance, and damage by disease and insect is relatively few, utilizes Chinese tulip tree to do stock grafting Taiwan with a smile, have no report both at home and abroad, its affinity is higher, can obtain a large amount of Taiwan fast and effectively and have a smile on one's face seedling, solves Taiwan and has a smile on one's face the problem of germ plasm resource shortage; By to the reasonable selection such as stock, grafting method, Taiwan can be made to have a smile on one's face graft survival rate and to reach more than 95%, survive and reach seedling specification fast afterwards, efficiently can obtain Taiwan and have a smile on one's face high quality seedling, greatly meet the demand in market.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome prior art deficiency and provide a kind of simple, convenient, stock injured light, grafting place is easily healed, survival rate is high, efficiency is high, grafting method is had a smile on one's face in practical easy Taiwan.
By the inventive method, annual Chinese tulip tree seedling being reached can the rugosity of grafting, greatly facilitates the acquisition of stock, can the annual yulan magnolia seedling of grafting degree be more than 98%.
The method of grafting is had a smile on one's face in Taiwan, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: that A Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated, and B has a smile on one's face in Taiwan scion pretreatment, C grafting method, D, managing after grafting;
Wherein A Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated and is specially:
(1) soaked in cold water: Chinese tulip tree seed soaked in cold water 3 days, changes water every day once, is dried by the surface of the seed moisture after seed soaking, must guard against and can not be exposed to the sun;
(2) stratification: by sand: seed=3: 1 carries out, temperature is 10 DEG C, and the time is 30 days;
(3) hormone seed soaking: soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 and sow after 20 hours, sow and add up germination rate after 1 month, germination rate is more than 96%;
(4) container seedling transition: the Chinese tulip tree seed of germination is transplanted in container, containers size is 13cm × 22cm, and matrix is for being red soil according to weight ratio: peat soil: vermiculite: perlite weight ratio=5: 3: 2: 1;
(5) location, land for growing field crops and management: shifted out by container seedling, under forwarding open-air atmosphere to, spacing in the rows is 20cm, line-spacing 30cm, is then covered to 2/3 to 4/5 of container height with soil; Water is irrigated and is adopted the furrow irrigation of high bed, makes soil moisture content be not less than 55%, July and August, the GA of each spray 1 concentration 200ppm
3;
By above operation, annual Chinese tulip tree is reached the seedling of grafting can reach about 98%, and its graft seedling growth can carry the previous year more than, substantially reduces the time of being carried out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology.
Step B has a smile on one's face in Taiwan scion pretreatment and is specially:
Get Taiwan and germinate branch with a smile, upper cut truncation, lower cut are cut sth. askew; Length is about 5cm, retain 1 ~ 2 full bud and prepare scion, scion is soaked in plant growth regulator, described plant growth regulator is (according to weight portion): indolebutyric acid 7 parts, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) 5 parts, gibberellin 3 parts, KT-301 part, VB11 part, ascorbic acid VC1 part, with the dilution ratio preparation plant growth regulator of 200mg: 1L, then soak branch bottom 10min successively with described plant growth regulator, 1% (V/V) DMSO;
Step C grafting method is: grafting time is chosen at March, now the meristematic cell of stock and scion is the most active, vitality is vigorous, be conducive to the healing of calli induction and wound, adopt the method for cut-grafting, stock is cut off in the level and smooth place of bark near the ground, at the long 3 ~ 5cm of stock section side incision, then stock is inserted in pretreated scion, after scion is alignd with the formation layer of stock, with Anti-fogging Film, interface is tightly wound around wrapping from bottom to top;
Step D, managing after grafting is:
After grafting completes, attention moisturizing, prevents mechanical damage; Frequent attention observation, maintenance, budder grow to 30 ~ 40cm height time, for not affecting the growth of buddering, timely solution removes the film on interface, but due to stock large, fast growth of buddering, callus is also insecure, that avoids growing tall budders by windbreak, after solution thin film, encloses (can not tension) immediately with straw rope buddering.Budder grow to 60cm time, start to carry out pinching; The early spring sprays 1 0.3% lime sulfur every about 15d, and the primary pest that Taiwan is had a smile on one's face is scale insect.It draws plant juice, and harm young sprout and vein, generally have more the back side of present branch place and leaf.When setting that body branch is overstocked, improper ventilation, easily occur.During control, first to suitably prune overstocked branch off, make tree body ventilation and penetrating light.Manually it can be removed gently with brush when insect pest is lighter; In the nymph incubation period, the 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution can be used to be killed.25kg/hm
2, late August Shi Yangfeng composite fertilizer 60kg/hm
2.
The beneficial effect of hinge structure of the present invention is:
The stock that 1 prior art is commonly used and the affinity that Taiwan is had a smile on one's face not strong, the ability producing callus between stock and scion is weak, the effective UNICOM of the conduit of stock and scion, screen casing leads low, new conducting tissue is difficult to be formed, and the substances transport such as moisture and nutrition is not in place, and present inventor is through testing discovery for many years, for the grafting that Taiwan is had a smile on one's face, use Chinese tulip tree stock, affiliation and affinity the best, substantially reduce Chinese tulip tree seedling pipe and support time and cost; Selected stock is the annual Chinese tulip tree stock that the present invention cultivates, director's gesture vigorous period, and Endogenous Hormone Contents in Vitro is high, and stock and scion affinity good, therefore, greatly facilitate graft survival rate.
Respectively with Chinese tulip tree, yulan magnolia, Michelia maudiae, shape accuracy for stock, with a smile, all experiments is the grafting of same grafting work in grafting Taiwan, scion and grafting method all with, investigate different stock and grafting Taiwan had a smile on one's face to the impact of survival rate, growing-seedling period etc.:
Stock of the present invention compares with other stocks
First pretreatment is carried out with cold water before 2 earthings of seeds, because Chinese tulip tree stratification is a water absorption course slowly, also be a process transforming slowly and slowly germinate simultaneously, Seed sprouting is relevant to seed moisture proportion, only seed-bearing moisture content close to or reach capacity moisture content time just start to sprout, and the time reached capacity required for moisture content and seed moisture content when starting lamination is relevant, before lamination, moisture content is lower, absorb water slower, reach capacity time of moisture content is longer, and the time of suitable vernalization also can be longer; Inventor found through experiments, and seed is carried out soaked in cold water 3 days before lamination, changes water every day once, lamination 30 days can be made just close to saturation state, shorten germination time, and this pretreatment can increase field germination rate after such pretreatment.
| Preprocess method | Germination rate (lamination is after 30 days) |
| Soaked in cold water 3 days | 78％ |
| Soaked in cold water 1 day | 63％ |
| Non-processor | 55％ |
Known in this field, hormone kind and concentration are to the significant effect of having grown of seed, present inventor finds, soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 to sow after 20 hours, significantly can improve the germination rate of stock seed, single factor experiment result shows, after adopting this hormone to soak, percentage of seedgermination improves more than 20%, substantially reduces sprout time.
Cultivate operation by the application's stock, annual Chinese tulip tree is reached the seedling of grafting can reach about 98%, and its graft seedling growth can carry the previous year more than, substantially reduces the time of being carried out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology.
3 plant growth regulator are a kind of ectogenic non-nutritive chemical substances, it can conduct to site of action usually in plant corpus, just promoting or suppress some link in plant life process with lower concentration, making it the wish development to meeting human needs, present inventor is drawn by lot of experiments and to soak through plant growth regulator, Be very effective, described plant growth regulator is according to weight portion: indolebutyric acid 7 parts, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) 5 parts, gibberellin 3 parts, KT-301 part, VB11 part, ascorbic acid VC1 part, with the dilution ratio preparation plant growth regulator of 200mg: 1L, and DMSO is cytoactive component, after 1% (V/V) DMSO immersion treatment, the time of sprouting to buddering from grafting shortens greatly, single factor experiment draws, than the time decreased 37.3% without any process, plant growth regulator formula of the present invention, it is easy to use, callus activity can be improved, promote callus growth, promoting budders sprouts, improve the chlorophyll content of scion, strengthen photosynthesis, and the auxin rational proportion contained, Coordinated Interaction, there is functions such as promoting root hair cell division, growing of effective raising root hair, obvious shortening seedling-slowing stage, tachyauxesis.
4 the inventive method and other grafting method compare
Embodiment
The method of grafting is had a smile on one's face in Taiwan, and comprise the steps: steps A, Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated; Step B, scion pretreatment is had a smile on one's face in Taiwan; Step C, grafting method; And step D, managing after grafting;
Wherein in steps A, the cultivation of Chinese tulip tree stock is specially:
(1) soaked in cold water: Chinese tulip tree seed soaked in cold water 3 days, changes water every day once, is dried by the surface of the seed moisture after seed soaking, must guard against and can not be exposed to the sun;
(2) stratification: by sand: seed=3: 1 (weight ratio) is carried out, temperature is 10 DEG C, and the time is 30 days;
(3) hormone seed soaking: soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 and sow after 20 hours, sow and add up germination rate after 1 month, germination rate is more than 96%;
(4) container seedling transition: the Chinese tulip tree seed of germination is transplanted in container, containers size is 13cm (radius) × 22cm (height), matrix by red soil, peat soil, vermiculite and perlite according to 5: 3: 2: 1 weight ratio mix;
(5) location, land for growing field crops and management: shifted out by container seedling, under forwarding open-air atmosphere to, spacing in the rows is 20cm, line-spacing 30cm, is then covered to 2/3 to 4/5 of container height with soil; Water is irrigated and is adopted the furrow irrigation of high bed, makes soil moisture content be not less than 55%, July and August, the GA of each spray 1 concentration 200ppm
3;
By above operation, make annual Chinese tulip tree grow up to can grafting seedling reach about 98%, its graft seedling growth can carry the previous year more than, substantially reduces the time of being carried out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology.
In step B, Taiwan is had a smile on one's face scion pretreatment and is specially:
Get Taiwan and germinate branch with a smile, upper cut truncation, lower cut are cut sth. askew; Length is about 5cm, retain 1 ~ 2 full bud and prepare scion, scion is soaked in plant growth regulator, the preparation process of described plant growth regulator is as follows: get indolebutyric acid 7 parts, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) 5 parts, gibberellin 3 parts, KT-301 part according to weight portion, VB11 part and ascorbic acid VC1 part, stir and obtain mixture 1, add water according to the dilution ratio of 200mg mixture 1: 1L water, be mixed with plant growth regulator; Then branch bottom 10min is soaked with above-mentioned plant growth regulator; Take out branch, then soak branch bottom 10min with 1%DMSO;
Step C grafting method is: grafting time is chosen at March, now the meristematic cell of stock and scion is the most active, vitality is vigorous, be conducive to the healing of calli induction and wound, adopt the method for cut-grafting, after scion is alignd with the formation layer of stock, with Anti-fogging Film, interface is tightly wound around wrapping from bottom to top;
30th day statistics survival rate after grafting, survival rate computational methods are for surviving scion number/grafting scion sum, and statistical result showed, adopts grafting method of the present invention, and survival rate is 95%.
Calculate survival rate of seedlings (planting percent) by the end of August: computational methods are the grafting bud number survived for the 30th day after the grafting bud number/grafting survived by the end of August, and as calculated, survival rate of seedlings is 98%,
Step D, managing after grafting is:
After grafting completes, attention moisturizing, prevents mechanical damage; Frequent attention observation, maintenance, budder grow to 30 ~ 40cm height time, for not affecting the growth of buddering, timely solution removes the film on interface, but due to stock large, fast growth of buddering, callus is also insecure, that avoids growing tall budders by windbreak, after solution thin film, encloses (can not tension) immediately with straw rope buddering.Budder grow to 60cm time, start to carry out pinching; The early spring sprays 1 0.3% lime sulfur every about 15d, and the primary pest that Taiwan is had a smile on one's face is scale insect.It draws plant juice, and harm young sprout and vein, generally have more the back side of present branch place and leaf.When setting that body branch is overstocked, improper ventilation, easily occur.During control, first to suitably prune overstocked branch off, make tree body ventilation and penetrating light.Manually it can be removed gently with brush when insect pest is lighter; In the nymph incubation period, the 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution can be used to be killed.25kg/hm
2, late August Shi Yangfeng composite fertilizer 60kg/hm
2.
Grafting planting percent is had a smile on one's face up to 98% in the Taiwan obtained through the inventive method, and through transplanting land for growing field crops after 2 years, tree vigo(u)r is strong, disease-resistant, can pass the winter safely, efficiently solves Taiwan and has a smile on one's face the vacancy of market resource, have broad application prospects.
Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, but on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, or the seeds outside case study on implementation implement this method, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these done without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention amendments, the expansion of improvement or scope, all belongs to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a Taiwan grafting method of having a smile on one's face, comprises the steps: steps A, and Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated; Step B, scion pretreatment is had a smile on one's face in Taiwan; Step C, grafting method; And step D, managing after grafting;
In wherein said steps A, Chinese tulip tree stock is cultivated and is specially:
(1) soaked in cold water: by Chinese tulip tree seed soaked in cold water 3 days, change water every day once, after seed soaking, the surface of the seed moisture is dried, must guard against and can not be exposed to the sun;
(2) stratification: by sand: seed=3: the weight ratio of 1 is carried out, temperature is 10 DEG C, and the time is 30 days;
(3) hormone seed soaking: soak seed with 300mg/L GA3+60mg/L NAA+20mg/L KT-30 and sow after 20 hours, sow and add up germination rate after 1 month;
(4) container seedling transition: the Chinese tulip tree seed of germination is transplanted in container, the matrix in described container by red soil, peat soil, vermiculite and perlite according to 5: 3: 2: 1 weight ratio mix;
(5) location, land for growing field crops and management, shifted out by container seedling, under forwarding open-air atmosphere to, spacing in the rows is 20cm, line-spacing 30cm; Water is irrigated and is adopted the furrow irrigation of high bed, makes soil moisture content be not less than 55%, July and August, and each spray 1 concentration is the GA3 of 200ppm; In described step B, Taiwan is had a smile on one's face scion pretreatment and is specially:
Get Taiwan and germinate branch with a smile, upper cut truncation, lower cut are cut sth. askew; Length is 5cm, retains 1 ~ 2 full bud, first soaks branch bottom 10min with plant growth regulator; Take out branch, then soak branch bottom 10min with 1%DMSO;
In described step C, grafting method is specially: grafting time is chosen at March, adopts the method for cut-grafting, after scion is alignd with the formation layer of stock, with Anti-fogging Film, interface is tightly wound around wrapping from bottom to top;
The preparation process of described plant growth regulator is as follows: get indolebutyric acid 7 parts, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5 parts, gibberellin 3 parts, KT-30 1 part according to weight portion, vitamin B1 1 part and 1 part, ascorbic acid, stir and obtain mixture 1, add water according to the dilution ratio of 200mg mixture 1: 1L water, be mixed with plant growth regulator.
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| CN104904499A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-09-16 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | Method for grafting caryaillinoinensis |
| CN104255372B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | The Y word shaping and trimming method of Lee |
| CN105432280A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县桃花湾果蔬种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method for potting glechoma hedracea |
| CN105815169A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-08-03 | 胡晓敏 | Method for grafting and breeding michelia shiluensis |
| CN106070348A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 广西玉林天地网农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis graft union agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106212058A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of propagation by grafiting method of Michelia shiluensis |
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| CN107896666A (en) * | 2017-10-28 | 2018-04-13 | 蚌埠宏瑞园林有限公司 | A kind of method for planting for improving Magnolia cylindrica survival rate |
| CN108617304A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 广德县东亭乡绘绿苗木种植家庭农场 | The method that sprout tillers is removed after seedling grafting |
| CN108934730A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-07 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method improving mango survival rate |
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