CN1989799A

CN1989799A - Sock growing nursery method for dwarf pear tree

Info

Publication number: CN1989799A
Application number: CN 200510119142
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘春山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-12-31
Filing date: 2005-12-31
Publication date: 2007-07-04

Abstract

The invention relates to fruit tree grow seedling fields, more specifically it discloses a nursery method of dwarfing pear trees which includes raising rootstock, dwarfing interstock and scion. The main technology is said rootstock use the seedling of wild-anvil pear seeds as the root grafting, said dwarfing interstock is hybrid, that is manual crossing between the wild pears as female parent line and the Huagai pears and the Nanguopears which are paternal, the hybrid sapling raising from the hybrid seeds is used as the dwarfing interstock, said scion is the dwarfing interstock is grafted on the rootstock (seedling) as the scion, then the dwarfing pear trees are raised. The affinity between the rootstock and the graft is strong in the invention, tree bodies' compact, fruiting early, crop high, cold resistant, disease resistant, easy management, convenient management and it is suitable for landscaping, greening and potted plants in rural and urban.

Description

A kind of seedling-cultivating method of downgrading pear tree

Technical field

The present invention relates to the fruit tree field of growing seedlings, more particularly, it relates to a kind of seedling-cultivating method of downgrading pear tree.

Background technology

At present, in downgrading the growing seedlings of pear tree, the general vigorous stock arbuscle seedling that adopts, the seedling-cultivating method of this dwarfing pear tree is: at first cultivate seedling behind the planting seed with wild sorb, connect the root anvil of downgrading pear tree as sowing, sow the program that connects according to fruit tree, on root anvil seedling, sow the selected earlier good arbuscle pear tree of taking over a job again and do scion (as Nanguo pear), the bud of scion is promptly cultivated vigorous stock arbuscle seedling, the vigorous stock arbuscle seedling of cultivating after sprouting, its underpart is the seedling rootstock, top is the scion of downgrading, and cultivates the pear tree nursery stock of this dwarfing, exists a lot of drawbacks:

(1) pear tree is tall and big, and along with the growth of the age of tree, pear tree grows tall gradually, is not easy to management, more is not suitable for urban beautification, greening and potted plant demand;

(2) the biennial bearing phenomenon is serious, and fruit food size is uneven, influences output, is difficult to standardization;

(3) bear fruit late, yield poorly, of poor benefits;

(4) root anvil and scion difference are big, show not affinity, and survival rate is low, not cold-resistant, disease and insect resistance not.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention overcomes the existing middle drawback that exists of growing seedlings of pear tree of downgrading, a kind of output height is provided, root anvil and scion affinity are strong, tree body compactness, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, convenient management, and suitable town and country are beautified, greening and potted plant a kind of seedling-cultivating method of downgrading pear tree.

The seedling-cultivating method of the dwarfing pear tree that the present invention proposes, it comprises cultivates the root anvil, the overall process of growing seedlings that dwarfing interstock and scion constitute.

Described anvil adopts wild sorb seedling as the root anvil;

Described dwarfing interstock seedling is a crossbreed, and promptly sorb is cooked female parent, and ussurian pear and Nanguo pear are done male parent and carried out people's work post and be mixed with, the seed that hybridization obtains, and the hybridization sapling that after planting comes out makes dwarfing interstock;

Described scion, the sapling that the planting seed that the hybridization back obtains comes out as scion, is sowed and receives as on the root anvil (seedling), promptly gets and downgrades pear sapling.

Good effect of the present invention is:

(1) root anvil and scion affinity strong, sow to be connected into and live highly, bear fruit early, output height, profitable;

(2) tree low bodyization, compactness, plant height only is 1/3rd of a common tallization type, is fit to dense planting;

(3) cold-resistant, disease-resistant, convenient management, tree performance is opened a business, natural moulding, does not need to prune every year, and suitable town and country are beautified, greening and potted plant.

Embodiment

Downgrade the seedling-cultivating method of pear tree, comprise the following steps:

1, cultivate root anvil seedling: gathers well established and vigorously developingly, the age of tree is moderate, the seed that the sorb of no damage by disease and insect maturation is really eaten, through husky train vernalization after, sow the seedling that grows as the root anvil;

2, the cultivation of dwarfing interstock, do maternal with sorb, ussurian pear and Nanguo pear are done male parent and are carried out artificial interspecific cross, and the flower of ussurian pear and Nanguo pear is gathered the two ripe pollen when to be opened, award at sorb and do on the maternal pistil column cap, for preventing self-pollination, remove earlier and make maternal stamen, and bagging, behind the planting seed that obtains, come out to hybridize sapling, promptly breed the dwarfing interstock sapling;

3, scion, when selecting scion, that eye is full, no damage by disease and insect the bud of interstock or the skill bar as scion, sow and be connected on root anvil (sorb seedling from seed) stem, promptly cultivate into the sapling of dwarfing pear tree.

Grafting time is in the 4-5 month, adopts the cleft graft grafting, gets during grafting that scion is placed on shady and cool place or husky training is standby, and the wedge shape, the bevel that are whittled into long 3 centimetres-4 centimetres in the lower end of scion bud require symmetry, and be level and smooth.Stay 2 centimetres flat mouthful to cut then in the upper end of bud, secondly, select the similar stock of a rugosity and scion, cut off for flat mouthful, in the vertical vertically downward partial application of Section Central in 5 centimetres-10 centimeters of stock base portion.The degree of depth is close with scion bevel length, the scion of cutting is inserted in the stock of riving rapidly again, and insertion depth shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally slightly 1 millimeter with scion and is advisable, and makes scion, the alignment of stock cambium.Once more, with long 40 centimetres, wide 1 centimetre film begins downward tighten from the stock top, the bottom-up again scion top (only exposing the scion eye) that is bonded to, and all wound dressings are obturaged.All right wooden bud grafting of the present invention and ixoderm bud grafting, its time is the 7-9 month.

The survival rate inspection is conciliate and to be tied up, and checks survival rate after connecing back 2 week, is fresh state as the scion bud, and petiole one touches promptly, and illustrates that scion is alive, otherwise does not survive, and can mend again to connect.The grafting that survives is separated after the next year rudiment and ties up, in order to avoid influence thickening growth.

Points for attention in the grafting process:

1, the anvil fringe is answered the growing way golden mean of the Confucian school, grows and enriches, and quality is good;

2, the scion bevel is long 3 centimetres-4 centimetres, and is smooth straight;

The vertically vertical partial application of 3 stocks, disposable cutting;

4, cambium is aimed at, and all wounds are obturaged;

5, graft technology wants skilled, the time is short, and speed is fast.

Green branch grafting, bud grafting and scion grafting in spring survival rate are all more than 90%, but the green branch grafting survival rate normally reaches 100%, and its scion germination is early, and growth is fast, and amount of growth is big, is beneficial to the tree body and early is shaped, and bear fruit morning.

Green branch grafting scion 10-15 bud, short circuit fringe 1-3 bud does not have big-difference substantially on survival rate, only be that growing way is slightly poor after the long scion next year rudiment, middle brachyplast shape.

A kind of seedling-cultivating method of downgrading pear tree of the present invention, being used in that greening goes up can secondary grafting, promptly the scion of dwarfing pear tree directly is connected on the Radix Pyri anvil, just can obtain downgrading sapling.

The present invention overcomes the existing middle drawback that exists of growing seedlings of pear tree of downgrading, and provides a kind of method for downgrading growing seedlings of pear tree.

Claims

1, a kind of seedling-cultivating method of downgrading pear tree, it comprises cultivates the root anvil, and the overall process of growing seedlings that dwarfing interstock and scion constitute is characterized in that adopting following step:

(1), described cultivation root anvil seedling, gather sorb and really eat seed, the seedling of sowing out is as root anvil seedling;

(2), the cultivation of described dwarfing interstock seedling, do maternal with sorb, ussurian pear and Nanguo pear are done male parent and are carried out artificial interspecific cross, and the flower of ussurian pear and south fruit is gathered the two ripe pollen when to be opened, award at sorb and do on the maternal pistil column cap, for preventing self-pollination, remove earlier and make maternal stamen, and bagging, the hybridization sapling that comes out behind the planting seed that obtains is promptly bred the dwarfing interstock sapling;

(3), described scion, the scion bud of interstock or skill bar are sowed and are connected on the sapling of cultivating into the dwarfing pear tree on the root anvil stem as scion.

2, downgrade the seedling-cultivating method of pear tree according to the described kind of claim, it is characterized in that described scion can also wooden bud grafting and ixoderm bud grafting.

3, a kind of seedling-cultivating method of downgrading pear tree according to claim 1 is characterized in that sowing after described sorb is really eaten the husky training of seed process vernalization.