CN104137756A - Cultivation method for dwarf pear seedlings - Google Patents

Cultivation method for dwarf pear seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104137756A
CN104137756A CN201410366132.6A CN201410366132A CN104137756A CN 104137756 A CN104137756 A CN 104137756A CN 201410366132 A CN201410366132 A CN 201410366132A CN 104137756 A CN104137756 A CN 104137756A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
scion
pear
interstock
grafting
birch
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CN201410366132.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
浦建洪
邱奇元
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SUZHOU CITY XINJING VILLAGE AGRICULTURAL BASE SPECIALTY COOPERATIVES
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SUZHOU CITY XINJING VILLAGE AGRICULTURAL BASE SPECIALTY COOPERATIVES
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Priority to CN201410366132.6A priority Critical patent/CN104137756A/en
Publication of CN104137756A publication Critical patent/CN104137756A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pear seedling cultivation, and discloses a cultivation method for dwarf pear seedlings. In winter, the birch-leaf pear seeds are immersed in a carbendazim solution, and the birch-leaf pear seeds and wet sand are mixed according to the appropriate proportion and are placed in the low-temperature and humid environment to be stratified; when dwarf middle stock scion is cultivated, the strong middle stock with the moderate diameter and length needs to be selected from a dwarf stock plant, the pear bud is grafted to the middle stock, the dwarf middle stock scion is placed in the low-temperature, wet and ventilated shady spot to be stored after grafting, the scion can be grafted to the base stock in spring next year, a grafting wound is bound up, the unnecessary middle stock and the unnecessary base stock are shorn and the buds on the middle stock and the base stock are removed after the scion is survived, the binding is released after the scion wound is completely healed, and only careful cultivation is needed. By means of the method, the survival rate of the cultivated dwarf pear seedlings is improved.

Description

Pear tree is downgraded the breeding method of seedling
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation field of pear sapling, be specifically related to the breeding method that pear tree is downgraded seedling.
Background technology
Pears are rosaceous plant, succulence, and edible, can be used as medicine again, is " ancestors of all kinds of fruits ", twists as pear juice, " born sweet dew drink " by name.General pear tree is all very high, and inconvenient orchard worker plucks, although there has been report to cultivate the dwarfing seedling of pear tree, whole survival rate is still lower, and therefore, cultivate the pear tree dwarfing seedling that survival rate is high is all the emphasis that Agricultural Scientist study all the time.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order solving the problems of the technologies described above, to the invention provides the breeding method that a kind of pear tree is downgraded seedling, can to cultivate the pear tree that survival rate is higher and downgrade seedling.
Technical scheme: pear tree of the present invention is downgraded the breeding method of seedling, comprises following steps:
Cultivate base anvil: at upper, use ultra micro carbendazim solution to soak 12～18 hours in birch-leaf pear seed at the beginning of in by the end of December, 1～then 1 month, then birch-leaf pear seed is mixed with the ratio of 1:8 with wet river sand, be placed into humidity 85%～95%, temperature carries out lamination processing the shady spot of-1～1 degree Celsius, at the beginning of mid-March～4 month, sow then, then May by the birch-leaf pear seedling replanting growing to field;
Cultivate dwarfing interstock scion: on dwarfing rootstock plant, select August then robust growth, diameter at 0.5～1 centimetre, length at more than 30 centimetres interstocks, it apart from diameter of this interstock root 15～25 centimeters grafting, at 0.5～1 centimetre, length, is being the Pear Bud of 5～10 centimetres, interstock branch December Pear Bud having been survived is then cut and is formed dwarfing interstock scion, cut and stay 15～25 centimetres of length, and by dwarfing interstock scion be positioned over humidity 85%～95%, temperature preserves in the wet river sand of the shady spot of-1～1 degree Celsius;
Grafting: next year March, select diameter the birch-leaf pear seedling of 0.5～1 centimetre as grafting base anvil, dwarfing interstock scion grafting, to birch-leaf pear base anvil, and is wrapped up in to the interface of pinioning birch-leaf pear base anvil and dwarfing interstock scion with plastic film;
Cut anvil and remove rudiment: after the scion of grafting survives by base anvil more than scion with interstock is cut and remove in time the rudiment growing on base anvil and interstock;
Solution is tied up cultivation: after scion survives one month, with pocket knife, scratch gently plastic film solution and tie up.
In cultivating the step of base anvil, described ultra micro carbendazim solution is 600～800 times of liquid of 50% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder; In the step of grafting, at described interface, the wound face of dwarfing interstock scion is exposed 0.5～1 centimetre; In cutting the step of anvil, to cut after anvil, the above base anvil length retaining of scion is 1～1.5 centimetre.
Beneficial effect: use in the winter time carbendazim solution to soak to prevent by fungus-caused disease to birch-leaf pear seed, afterwards birch-leaf pear seed is mixed by proper proportion with wet river sand and be positioned in the environment of low temperature and moisture and carry out lamination processing, to complete after-ripening, guarantee to germinate when sow the seed in spring the coming year neat; When cultivating dwarfing interstock scion, to select diameter and moderate length and healthy and strong interstock from dwarfing rootstock plant, and by Pear Bud grafting to interstock, Pear Bud also will select diameter and length and interstock to match, to guarantee the survival rate of dwarfing interstock scion, after grafting, dwarfing interstock scion is positioned over to low temperature, shady spot moistening, that ventilate preserves, and its dormancy and not dehydration are divided, power sustains life; Next spring both can be by scion grafting and base anvil, and binding grafting wound, after scion survives, cut for interstock and base anvil and remove the rudiment on it, to prevent the nutrient on rudiment and scion contention interstock and base anvil, after wound to be grafted heals completely, solution is tied up wrapping careful cultivation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The breeding method that pear tree in present embodiment is downgraded seedling comprises following steps:
Step 1: cultivate base anvil
Specifically, use 600 times of liquid of 50% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder upper 1 year December 20 immersion birch-leaf pear seed 12 hours to prevent by fungus-caused disease, for time while sowing seed dispersed, birch-leaf pear seed need be mixed with the ratio of 1:8 with wet river sand, and to place it in humidity be 90%, temperature is that 0 degree Celsius and ventilation shady spot carry out lamination processing, to guarantee that seed completes after-ripening, while being beneficial to sowing, germinate neat, sowed March 15 then, May, birch-leaf pear seedling can be transplanted to field continued growth, for the later stage, the base anvil of use is ready.
Step 2: cultivate dwarfing interstock scion
Cut then robust growth, diameter on August 10 and be 0.5 centimetre, length on existing dwarfing rootstock plant and be the interstock of 30 centimetres, apart from diameter of this interstock root 15 centimeters grafting, be that 0.5 centimetre, length are the Pear Bud of 5 centimetres, grafting method is same as the prior art; The Pear Bud interstock branch that is 15 centimetres by the length having survived was cut and was formed dwarfing interstock scion December then, and was positioned over humidity 95%, and temperature is the ventilation shady spot of 1 degree Celsius, and was positioned in wet river sand and preserves.
Step 3: grafting
In the March 10 of next year, selecting diameter in step 1 is that the birch-leaf pear seedling of 0.5 centimetre is as grafting base anvil, and by the dwarfing interstock scion grafting in step 2 to birch-leaf pear base anvil, during grafting, note needing " showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally ", the wound face that is the scion of grafting interface dwarfing interstock will be exposed 0.5 centimetre of base anvil wound face, be more conducive to like this wound healing, and be difficult for being broken by wind, afterwards the interface of grafting is wound around to wrapping with plastic film solid.
Step 4: cut anvil and remove rudiment
After surviving, the scion of the tangible grafting of this step completes, after scion survives, need to cut unnecessary interstock and base anvil, only leave the base anvil of scion top 1 centimeter length, remove the rudiment of finding out on base anvil and interstock simultaneously, because rudiment meeting is shared the nutrient on base anvil or interstock with scion, remove not in time the normal development that can affect scion, generally need to remove rudiment 3～5 times.
Step 5: solution is tied up cultivation
After the wound of grafting interface heals completely, can solution tying up, is in scion, to survive 30 days and scratch gently binding grafting interface solution with pocket knife to tie up in present embodiment, and solution is tied up and carefully it cultivated afterwards, so just cultivates a healthy and strong pear tree and downgrades seedling.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment comprises following steps:
Step 1: cultivate base anvil
Specifically, used 700 times of liquid of 50% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder at immersion birch-leaf pear seed 15 hours in upper 1 day January then, birch-leaf pear seed is mixed with the ratio of 1:8 with wet river sand, and place it in that humidity is 85%, temperature carries out lamination processing for-1 degree Celsius and ventilation shady spot, sowed March 25 then, transplant birch-leaf pear seedling May.
Step 2: cultivate dwarfing interstock scion
Cutting then robust growth, diameter on August 15 and be 0.8 centimetre, length on dwarfing rootstock plant and be the interstock of 35 centimetres, is being that 0.8 centimetre, length are the Pear Bud of 8 centimetres apart from diameter of this interstock root 20 centimeters grafting; The Pear Bud interstock branch that is 20 centimetres by the length having survived was cut and was formed dwarfing interstock scion December then, and was positioned over humidity 90%, and temperature is the ventilation shady spot of 0 degree Celsius, and was positioned in wet river sand and preserves.
Step 3: grafting
In the March 10 of next year, selecting diameter in step 1 is that the birch-leaf pear seedling of 0.8 centimetre is as grafting base anvil, and by the dwarfing interstock scion grafting in step 2 to birch-leaf pear base anvil, the wound face of grafting interface dwarfing interstock scion is exposed 0.8 centimetre of base anvil wound face, afterwards the interface of grafting is wound around to wrapping with plastic film solid.
Step 4: cut anvil and remove rudiment
After scion survives, cut unnecessary interstock and base anvil, only leave the base anvil of scion top 1.3 centimeter length, remove the rudiment of finding out on base anvil and interstock simultaneously.
Step 5: solution is tied up cultivation
After scion survives 45 days, solution is tied up and is carefully cultivated.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment comprises following steps:
Step 1: cultivate base anvil
Specifically, used 800 times of liquid of 50% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder at immersion birch-leaf pear seed 18 hours in upper 10 days January then, birch-leaf pear seed is mixed with the ratio of 1:8 with wet river sand, and place it in that humidity is 95%, temperature is that 1 degree Celsius and ventilation shady spot carry out lamination processing, sowed April 5 then, transplant birch-leaf pear seedling May.
Step 2: cultivate dwarfing interstock scion
Cutting then robust growth, diameter on August 20 and be 1 centimetre, length on dwarfing rootstock plant and be the interstock of 40 centimetres, is being that 1 centimetre, length are the Pear Bud of 10 centimetres apart from diameter of this interstock root 25 centimeters grafting; The Pear Bud interstock branch that is 25 centimetres by the length having survived was cut and was formed dwarfing interstock scion December then, and was positioned over humidity 95%, and temperature is the ventilation shady spot of 1 degree Celsius, and was positioned in wet river sand and preserves.
Step 3: grafting
In the March 15 of next year, selecting diameter in step 1 is that the birch-leaf pear seedling of 1 centimetre is as grafting base anvil, and by the dwarfing interstock scion grafting in step 2 to birch-leaf pear base anvil, the wound face of grafting interface dwarfing interstock scion is exposed 1 centimetre of base anvil wound face, afterwards the interface of grafting is wound around to wrapping with plastic film solid.
Step 4: cut anvil and remove rudiment
After scion survives, cut unnecessary interstock and base anvil, only leave the base anvil of scion top 1.5 centimeter length, remove the rudiment of finding out on base anvil and interstock simultaneously.
Step 5: solution is tied up cultivation
After scion survives 60 days, solution is tied up and is carefully cultivated.
In addition, downgrade the survival rate of seedling compare for the pear tree with using prior art to cultivate, when the application's applicant also states each embodiment on the implementation, use prior art to do respectively contrast experiment under identical condition, experimental result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Project Total cultivation quantity (unit :) Survive quantity (unit :)
Embodiment 1 100 89
Contrast experiment 1 100 85
Embodiment 2 100 92
Contrast experiment 2 100 87
Embodiment 3 100 95
Contrast experiment 3 100 90
As can be seen from Table 1, under the identical condition of other condition, the survival rate that the pear tree that three kinds of embodiments in use the present invention cultivate is downgraded seedling is all high than prior art, so the breeding method of pear tree dwarfing seedling has been realized the object that promotes survival rate in the present invention.
Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the respective embodiments described above are to realize specific embodiments of the invention, and in actual applications, can to it, do various changes in the form and details, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. pear tree is downgraded a breeding method for seedling, it is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
Cultivate base anvil: at upper, use ultra micro carbendazim solution to soak 12～18 hours in birch-leaf pear seed at the beginning of in by the end of December, 1～then 1 month, then birch-leaf pear seed is mixed with the ratio of 1:8 with wet river sand, be placed into humidity 85%～95%, temperature carries out lamination processing the shady spot of-1～1 degree Celsius, at the beginning of mid-March～4 month, sow then, then May by the birch-leaf pear seedling replanting growing to field;
Cultivate dwarfing interstock scion: on dwarfing rootstock plant, select August then robust growth, diameter at 0.5～1 centimetre, length at more than 30 centimetres interstocks, it apart from diameter of this interstock root 15～25 centimeters grafting, at 0.5～1 centimetre, length, is being the Pear Bud of 5～10 centimetres, interstock branch December Pear Bud having been survived is then cut and is formed dwarfing interstock scion, cut and stay 15～25 centimetres of length, and by dwarfing interstock scion be positioned over humidity 85%～95%, temperature preserves in the wet river sand of the shady spot of-1～1 degree Celsius;
Grafting: next year March, select diameter the birch-leaf pear seedling of 0.5～1 centimetre as grafting base anvil, dwarfing interstock scion grafting, to birch-leaf pear base anvil, and is wrapped up in to the interface of pinioning birch-leaf pear base anvil and dwarfing interstock scion with plastic film;
Cut anvil and remove rudiment: after the scion of grafting survives by base anvil more than scion with interstock cuts and remove in time the rudiment growing on base anvil and interstock;
Solution is tied up cultivation: after scion survives one month, with pocket knife, scratch gently plastic film solution and tie up.
2. pear tree according to claim 1 is downgraded the breeding method of seedling, it is characterized in that, in cultivating the step of base anvil, described ultra micro carbendazim solution is 600～800 times of liquid of 50% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder.
3. pear tree according to claim 1 is downgraded the breeding method of seedling, it is characterized in that, in the step of grafting, at described interface, the wound face of dwarfing interstock scion is exposed 0.5～1 centimetre.
4. pear tree according to claim 1 is downgraded the breeding method of seedling, it is characterized in that, in cutting the step of anvil, cuts after anvil, and the above base anvil length retaining of scion is 1～1.5 centimetre.
CN201410366132.6A 2014-07-29 2014-07-29 Cultivation method for dwarf pear seedlings Pending CN104137756A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105993622A (en) * 2016-05-23 2016-10-12 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 Grafting method for dwarfed large cherry
CN106665130A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-17 重庆果之王园艺有限公司 Red pear dwarfing interstock close-planting cultivation technique
CN107347552A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-17 叶集试验区绿叶果木种植专业合作社 A kind of pear tree intermediate stock grafting Cultivation With Dwarf Varieties And Close Spacing method
CN112136593A (en) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-29 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所 Planting method of Korla bergamot pears

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1543763A (en) * 2003-11-15 2004-11-10 齐宝胜 Method for raising sapling of dwarfing interstock Nanguo pear
CN1989799A (en) * 2005-12-31 2007-07-04 刘春山 Sock growing nursery method for dwarf pear tree
CN101999304A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-04-06 河北省林业科学研究院 Rapid cultivation method of dwarfed nursery stock of pear tree

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1543763A (en) * 2003-11-15 2004-11-10 齐宝胜 Method for raising sapling of dwarfing interstock Nanguo pear
CN1989799A (en) * 2005-12-31 2007-07-04 刘春山 Sock growing nursery method for dwarf pear tree
CN101999304A (en) * 2010-09-21 2011-04-06 河北省林业科学研究院 Rapid cultivation method of dwarfed nursery stock of pear tree

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Title
李丽军等: "梨树矮化中间砧快速育苗技术", 《安徽农学通报》 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105993622A (en) * 2016-05-23 2016-10-12 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 Grafting method for dwarfed large cherry
CN106665130A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-17 重庆果之王园艺有限公司 Red pear dwarfing interstock close-planting cultivation technique
CN106665130B (en) * 2016-12-01 2020-01-17 重庆果之王园艺有限公司 Red pear dwarfing interstock close planting cultivation technology
CN107347552A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-17 叶集试验区绿叶果木种植专业合作社 A kind of pear tree intermediate stock grafting Cultivation With Dwarf Varieties And Close Spacing method
CN112136593A (en) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-29 新疆生产建设兵团第二师农业科学研究所 Planting method of Korla bergamot pears

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Application publication date: 20141112