CN104012307B - Method for grafting fokienia hodginsii - Google Patents
Method for grafting fokienia hodginsii Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012307B CN104012307B CN201410273249.XA CN201410273249A CN104012307B CN 104012307 B CN104012307 B CN 104012307B CN 201410273249 A CN201410273249 A CN 201410273249A CN 104012307 B CN104012307 B CN 104012307B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of nursery stock planting, in particular to a method for grafting fokienia hodginsii. The method includes the following steps: (1) stock cultivation, wherein nursery stocks obtained by sowing and seedling raising are transplanted into nutrition cups, the nutrition cups are arranged on field beds in a nursery garden, and the field beds are covered with soil until the nutrition cups are covered; (2) scion selection, wherein autumn tip parts grown in autumn in the previous year are reserved during scion collection; (3) grafting, wherein a forming layer on any side of each cut scion notch is in butt joint with corresponding forming layers of stock notches, and then the butt joint parts are bound by thin film bandages special for grafting. By means of the method, the traditional grafting technology for other trees is improved, and the grafting survival rate of the fokienia hodginsii is improved through the methods of reducing the nursery stock grafting notches, transplanting the nutrition cups, preferentially selecting scions and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seedling growth field is and in particular to a kind of engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas..
Background technology
Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. (Classification system：Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas) Cupressaceae is evergreen
Arbor, is distributed in southwest China, south to east.Fujian China, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Southern Hunan,
Guangdong and In Northern Guangxi, Sichuan and Dong people etc., with the middle part of Fujian, at most, North Vietnam is also distributed.
Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. timber is light, and quality is slightly soft, and texture is even straight, handling ease, stable material quality after doing, and is building, family
Tool, joiner and engraving well use material, tree-like attractive in appearance, trunk leads to straight, is excellent Landscape Trees.
Research shows, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. requires to forest land land occupation condition less than Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae height, and growth is very fast, on an equal basis on the spot
Under the conditions of slow unlike Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, afforestation and management cost also low than Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, in southern each province, many seeds afforestation are proposed
In application, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. is that have one of fine tree species of development prospect.The cultivation history of Fokienia Hodginsii Plantation is existing
50 years as long as, but its total area is still little, and wherein the overwhelming majority is distributed in Fujian Province, and the good fortune in Fujian Province
Build cypress artificial forest and there are about 80% and be distributed in southeast Fujian one band, such as Anxi, Dehua, Yongchun, Foochow, Yongtai,
The cities and counties such as Nan Ping, Minqing, Minhou, Longyan, Zhangping and Yongan.Fokienia Hodginsii Plantation composition research is shown,
The Fokienia Hodginsii Plantation of development is how based on mixed forest at present.
In recent years, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. increasingly causes as the reproducting tree species of precious building wood species and strong stress resistance
The attention of people.Especially in southern each province, Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. has become the rare good seeds of Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae second rotation,
Its promotion prospect is wide.Based on this, researchers have just carried out select tree choosing from 20 century 70s successively
The stock breeding research such as select.However, being selected by prevailing condition, the aspect such as select superior tree and seed orchard construction
Work all fails to produce a desired effect.
At present, the graft technology of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. is still immature, becomes the restriction bottle that Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. breeding produces and supplies
Neck.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is：One kind is provided to effectively improve Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. graft survival rate and fall
The Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. engrafting method of its production cost low.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention comprises the steps：
1) stock is cultivated：Mid or late Febuary, Fokienia hodginsii Seeds seeding and seedling raising, mid or late October then, will broadcast
The nursery stock transplanting that kind nursery obtains enters nutrient cup, and nutrient cup is placed on the field furrow in nursery, nutrient cup spacing
20cm, after in the furrow of field earthing, until covering nutrient cup, stock cultivates and carries out grafting to Second Year March；
2) scion selects：With the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, the one-level of sturdy health, two grades of sides
Branch top tip is scion, and the autumn ending retaining the growth of autumn the previous year during collection scion is divided；
3) grafting：After stock cultivation, Second Year March is in nursery grafting；
The process of stock：By step 1) gained stock truncation, in the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot
Under clip top tip, be close to trunk xylem outer longitudinally deep stock otch, length 3-4cm with grafting blade；
Cut scion：By step 2) gained scion cutting is so as to graft union slightly went up positioned at the autumn；
Carry out grafting：The cambium layer cambium layer pair corresponding with stock otch of the scion otch either side after cutting
Connect, twined with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is：The inventive method based on other trees tradition graft technologies,
Obtain a kind of engrafting method being best suitable for Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. in conjunction with the present inventor's Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. plantation experience for many years, use
Reduction seedling grafting mouth, nutrient cup are transplanted and the means such as preferred fringe bar improve Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. graft survival rate.
Compared with the seeds grafting such as Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, Pinus massoniana Lamb, its fringe bar acquisition cost can reduce by more than 80% (side of the present invention
After gathering a branch in method, 8-10 root graft fringe bar can be collected from it, and the tree such as Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, Pinus massoniana Lamb
Plant the general top tip gathering primary lateral branches, namely a branch can only gather a grafting fringe bar).The present invention transfers
Connect method graft survival rate up to more than 85%, the simple low cost of method.
Specific embodiment
By the technology contents of the detailed description present invention, structural features, realized purpose and effect, below in conjunction with
Embodiment is explained in detail.
The design of most critical of the present invention is：Employ fall in conjunction with the present inventor's Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. plantation experience for many years
Low seedling grafting mouth, transplanted using nutrient cup and the means such as preferred fringe bar improve Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. graft survival rate.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., comprises the steps：
1) stock is cultivated：Mid or late Febuary, Fokienia hodginsii Seeds seeding and seedling raising, mid or late October, sowing is educated
The nursery stock transplanting that Seedling obtains enters nutrient cup, and nutrient cup is placed on the field furrow in nursery, nutrient cup spacing 20cm,
Earthing in the furrow of field afterwards, until covering nutrient cup, stock is cultivated and is carried out grafting to Second Year March；
2) scion selects：With the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, the one-level of sturdy health, two grades of sides
Branch top tip is scion, and the autumn ending retaining the growth of autumn the previous year during collection scion is divided；
3) grafting：After stock cultivation, Second Year March is in nursery grafting；
The process of stock：By step 1) gained stock truncation, in the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot
Under clip top tip, be close to trunk xylem outer longitudinally deep stock otch, length 3-4cm with grafting blade；
Cut scion：By step 2) gained scion cutting is so as to graft union slightly went up positioned at the autumn；
Carry out grafting：The cambium layer cambium layer pair corresponding with stock otch of the scion otch either side after cutting
Connect, twined with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up.
Preferably, the engrafting method of above-mentioned Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., it also includes step 4) grafting connect after management：To walk
Stock after the grafting of rapid 3), with the sunshade net of sunshade rate 70% take cool canopy shade to stock cultivate after Second Year 9
Month, keep garden ground to moisten and not hydrops, cut and grow too fast stock side shoot, keep its growing way prosperous and do not contain,
Eliminate its growth competition to scion, 2 months after grafting, release grafting bandage, monthly spray 1% afterwards multiple
Hefei aqueous solution 1 time, does not apply fertilizer after removing shading shed, after cultivating seedlings to grafting, the Second Year 2-3 month can go out
Garden.
Preferably, in the engrafting method of above-mentioned Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., described step 1) it is specially：In mid or late Febuary,
Fokienia hodginsii Seeds seeding and seedling raising, mid or late October, obtains sturdy, healthy, mechanical damage from seeding and seedling raising
The nursery stock transplanting that wound, side shoot are flourishing, clear bole height is low enters nutrient cup, and nutrient cup is placed on the field furrow in nursery,
Nutrient cup specification is 26cm × 21cm, filling red soil cubsoil in cup, nutrient cup spacing 20cm in the furrow of field, after
Earthing in the furrow of field, until covering nutrient cup, stock is cultivated and is got final product grafting to Second Year March.
Preferably, in the engrafting method of above-mentioned Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., described step 3) in " process of stock " in,
Described stock otch 10-20cm from the ground.
Preferably, in the engrafting method of above-mentioned Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., described step 3) in " cutting scion " be specially：
By step 2) gained scion cutting, so as to graft union slightly went up positioned at the autumn, before cutting fringe, wipes out the side that the autumn slightly goes up slightly,
Retain a top tip, divide in scion autumn ending and be close to xylem longitudinally, to fringe bar lower end, put down rapidly with blade
Cut, length is consistent with stock longitudinal cut, expose otch both sides cambium layer.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., comprises the steps：
1st, stock is cultivated
Mid or late Febuary, using Fokienia hodginsii Seeds seeding and seedling raising.Mid or late October, from sturdy, healthy,
Have no mechanical damage, side shoot is flourishing, clear bole height is low nursery stock transplanting enters nutrient cup, becomes furrow to put concentration in garden
Cultivate stock.Nutrient cup specification is 26cm × 21cm, loads red soil cubsoil in cup.Nutrient cup spacing in furrow
20cm, after in furrow earthing, until cover nutrient cup.Stock is cultivated and is got final product grafting to March in next year.
2nd, scion selects
With the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, the one-level of sturdy health, two grades of side shoot top tips are scion.
The autumn ending that the growth of autumn the previous year must be retained during collection scion is divided.
3rd, grafting
3-4 month grafting is in garden ground grafting.Stock truncation first.In the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot
Under clip top tip, be close to trunk xylem outer longitudinally deep stock otch with grafting blade, described liftoff
Face 10-20cm, length 3-4cm is it is desirable to tangent plane smooths, neatly；It is to cut scion again.The graft union position of scion
Slightly go up in the autumn, before cutting fringe, wipe out the side that the autumn slightly goes up slightly, retain a top tip, divide in scion autumn ending and be close to
Xylem longitudinally, to fringe bar lower end, is put down rapidly with blade and is cut, length is consistent with stock longitudinal cut, exposes
Otch both sides cambium layer；Three is docking.The cambium layer of scion otch either side after cutting and stock otch pair
The cambium layer docking answered, is twined with grafting film special bandage afterwards and ties up.Require cambium layer docking accurately, bandage
Tight, do not expose otch.
4th, manage after connecing
After grafting, take cool canopy with sunshade rate 70% sunshade net and shade to September, notice that duty is watered, keep garden ground
Moistening and not hydrops.Cut the too fast stock side shoot of growth, keep its growing way prosperous and do not contain, eliminate its docking
The growth competition of fringe.2 months about after grafting, release grafting bandage.Monthly spray 1% compound rich water afterwards
Solution 1 time.Remove shading shed at the beginning of 10 months by the end of September, do not apply fertilizer afterwards, watered in right amount according to weather condition.
Cultivating seedlings can go out garden to the month in next year 2-3.
The engrafting method of the Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. that the present invention provides has the advantage that：
(1) nursery lot graft survival rate more than 85%, mends and connects once rear storage rate up to more than 97%.Cultivate
Grafting nursery stock graft union low, generally 10-20cm, be conducive to graft union to heal, wind loading rating is strong.Nursery stock
Grafting growth is vigorous, takes out high 20-35cm after 1 year.And in other Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. engrafting methods, typically there is grafting
Mouthful high (40-60cm), wind loading rating is poor, and (grafting is taken out height after 1 year and is generally the shortcomings of poor growth
15-25cm).
(2), when stock is cultivated, after nutrient cup nursery stock is placed on furrow face, earthing in furrow, until cover nutrition
Cup., up to 50cm, average ground diameter is up to 0.7cm, nursery stock for 1 year raw average height of seedling of stock that the method is cultivated
Sturdy, growing way is vigorous, side shoot is flourishing, clear bole height is low, is conducive to grafting.And 1 year that additive method is cultivated
The raw general height of seedling of stock is big (up to 60cm), ground diameter little (only 0.4-0.5cm), and side shoot is undeveloped, under branch
High larger, it is unfavorable for grafting.
(3) scion selection technique.Due to the Biological characteristics of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas., grafting fringe bar will select scion-seed tree
The outer upper part of tree crown, on the sunny side, the one-level of sturdy health, the top tip of two grades of side shoots are scion.During collection scion
The autumn ending that the growth of autumn the previous year must be retained is divided.Other engrafting methods or other seeds grafting fringe bars one
As be select primary lateral branches top tip be scion, do not retain the autumn slightly.This method and other engrafting methods of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas.
Relatively, graft survival rate exceeds more than 40%, can reach more than 85%.Transfer with seeds such as Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, Pinus massoniana Lamb
Connect and compare, fringe bar acquisition cost can reduce by more than 80% and (after this method gathers a branch, can adopt from it
Collect 8-10 root graft fringe bar, and the seeds such as Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae, Pinus massoniana Lamb typically gather the top tip of primary lateral branches, namely
A piece branch can only gather a grafting fringe bar).
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every profit
The equivalent structure made with description of the invention or equivalent flow conversion, or directly or indirectly it is used in other phases
The technical field closed, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. is it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
1) stock is cultivated：
In mid or late Febuary, Fokienia hodginsii Seeds seeding and seedling raising, mid or late October then, seeding and seedling raising obtains
Nursery stock transplanting enters nutrient cup, and nutrient cup is placed on the field furrow in nursery, nutrient cup spacing 20cm, after in field furrow
Middle earthing, until covering nutrient cup, stock is cultivated and is carried out grafting to Second Year March；
2) scion selects：
With the outer upper part of scion-seed tree tree crown, on the sunny side, the one-level of sturdy health, two grades of side shoot top tips are scion,
The autumn ending retaining the growth of autumn the previous year during collection scion is divided；
3) grafting：
After stock cultivation, Second Year March is in nursery grafting；
The process of stock：By step 1) gained stock truncation, in the principle retaining stock base portion 3-5 bar side shoot
Under clip top tip, be close to trunk xylem outer longitudinally deep stock otch, length 3-4cm with grafting blade；
Cut scion：By step 2) gained scion cutting is so as to graft union slightly went up positioned at the autumn；
Carry out grafting：The cambium layer cambium layer pair corresponding with stock otch of the scion otch either side after cutting
Connect, twined with grafting film special bandage afterwards and tie up；
4) manage after grafting connects：By step 3) stock after grafting, take shade with the sunshade net of sunshade rate 70%
Canopy shade cultivate to stock after Second Year September, keep garden ground to moisten and not hydrops, cut and grow too fast anvil
Wooden side shoot, keeps its growing way prosperous and does not contain, eliminate its growth competition to scion, 2 months after grafting, solution
Except grafting bandage, monthly spray 1% compound fertilizer's aqueous solution 1 time afterwards, do not apply fertilizer after removing shading shed, Seedling
Wood is cultivated to grafting and the Second Year 2-3 month can be gone out garden.
2. the engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step 1)
It is specially：In mid or late Febuary, Fokienia hodginsii Seeds seeding and seedling raising, mid or late October, obtained from seeding and seedling raising
To sturdy, healthy, have no mechanical damage, side shoot is flourishing, clear bole height is low nursery stock transplanting enters nutrient cup, nutrition
Cup is placed on the field furrow in nursery, and nutrient cup specification is 26cm × 21cm, loads red soil cubsoil, field furrow in cup
Middle nutrient cup spacing 20cm, after in the furrow of field earthing, until covering nutrient cup, stock cultivates to Second Year 3
The moon gets final product grafting.
3. the engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step 3)
In " process of stock " in, described stock otch 10-20cm from the ground.
4. the engrafting method of Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas. according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step 3)
In " cutting scion " be specially：By step 2) gained scion cutting, so as to graft union slightly went up positioned at the autumn, cuts
Before fringe, wipe out the side that the autumn slightly goes up slightly, retain a top tip, divide in scion autumn ending and be close to xylem longitudinally,
To fringe bar lower end, put down rapidly with blade and cut, length is consistent with stock longitudinal cut, exposes otch both sides and is formed
Layer.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620868A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Grafting propagation method for ancient platycladus orientalis |
| CN106818228A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-06-13 | 庆元县实验林场 | It is a kind of to improve the method that Phoebe bournei breeding garden improves graft survival rate |
| CN107135813A (en) * | 2017-06-18 | 2017-09-08 | 余颖恒 | A kind of root system engrafting method of Chinese juniper |
| CN107242076A (en) * | 2017-06-18 | 2017-10-13 | 余颖恒 | A kind of root system propagation method of Chinese juniper |
| CN113924875A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-14 | 福建省林业科学研究院 | Wild walnut stock grafting method |
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| RU2048739C1 (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-11-27 | Игорь Наумович Ларионов | Method for growing saplings of fruit trees |
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| RU2048739C1 (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-11-27 | Игорь Наумович Ларионов | Method for growing saplings of fruit trees |
| CN101697696A (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2010-04-28 | 山东农业大学 | Arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting seedling raising process |
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