CN103222448A - Breeding method of bactrocera cucurbitae - Google Patents
Breeding method of bactrocera cucurbitae Download PDFInfo
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- CN103222448A CN103222448A CN2013100453204A CN201310045320A CN103222448A CN 103222448 A CN103222448 A CN 103222448A CN 2013100453204 A CN2013100453204 A CN 2013100453204A CN 201310045320 A CN201310045320 A CN 201310045320A CN 103222448 A CN103222448 A CN 103222448A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of bactrocera cucurbitae, which comprises the steps of egg collection, pupa collection, pupa eclosion and imago breeding. According to the method, a natural-growth environmental condition and a living habit of the Bactrocera cucurbitae are researched and analyzed, so that a successful method for artificially breeding the Bactrocera cucurbitae is obtained by creative exploration, and the Bactrocera cucurbitae with basically-consistent growth and development conditions can be obtained in batches; on the basis of the method, the bactrocera cucurbitae meeting a using requirement of scientific experiment research can be provided for scientific experiments all the year around without limitation of natural conditions and seasons; and the breeding method can increase a survival rate of artificial breeding of the Bactrocera cucurbitae, and improve the breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to melon trypetid breeding technology field, more specifically, relate to a kind of melon trypetid raising method.
Background technology
Melon trypetid Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) is commonly called as " pin honeybee ", and larva claims " melon maggot ", diptera Tephritidae melon Anastrepha.Melon trypetid feeding habits are assorted, and can cause harm 120 various vegetables and fruit mainly are Curcurbitaceae and plant of Solanaceae, as muskmelon, pumpkin, cucumber, balsam pear, watermelon, eggplant and tomato etc.The melon trypetid originates from India, is distributed widely in more than 30 countries and regions in temperate zone, subtropics and the torrid zone at present; Ground such as Fujian, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Taiwan mainly distribute in China.Melon trypetid female adult worm is laid eggs in tender melon and fruit, and the larval feeding melon and fruit is caused harm, and has a strong impact on the quality and yield of melon and fruit, and as important quarantine object is all classified the melon trypetid in a lot of in the world countries and regions.
In recent years, along with to the deepening continuously and the development of Prevention Technique of the ambits such as biology, physiology, ecology, pathology and molecular biology of melon trypetid research, the melon trypetid that a large amount of healthy development unanimities are needed in the laboratory badly is a test material.But because natural feed is subjected to season, effects limit such as rot easily, make the artificial feed prescription of exploring the melon trypetid, science artificial feeding melon trypetid solves the seasonal shortage problem of melon trypetid, and it is more and more important to become.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the melon trypetid material deficiency that existing scientific experiment research is used, a kind of melon trypetid raising method is provided, raise the melon trypetid that obtains test usefulness by science, and can guarantee to raise the melon trypetid growth period basically identical that obtains.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of melon trypetid raising method is provided, may further comprise the steps:
S1. worm's ovum is collected: gather melon trypetid larva, raise ripe back and lure the melon trypetid to lay eggs on apertured film with attractant, collect worm's ovum, worm's ovum is positioned over host's melon and fruit or artificial feed;
S2. the fly pupa is gathered: S1 has been placed host's melon and fruit of worm's ovum or the device that artificial feed place ventilation, be covered with one deck sand under host's melon and fruit or the artificial feed, described host's melon and fruit or artificial feed are positioned over the sand sky, regularly collect sand and more renew sand; The sand of collecting is inserted clear water, pull the fly pupa of bubbling through the water column out;
S3. the emergence of pupa: the fly pupa that S2 is obtained is put in the dependent insect cage, sprouts wings;
S4. imago breeding: the melon trypetid after the emergence that S3 is obtained in dependent insect cage, continue to raise test fully required.
Preferably, the worm's ovum harvester is adopted in the described worm's ovum collection of S1, and described worm's ovum harvester comprises the cage body that is provided with air-vent, in the cage body ware is set, and is placed with attractant for melon-trypetid in the ware, and the ware mouth covers with film wrapped, and described film is provided with aperture.
The described porose film of S1 can adopt preservative film, and it is just passable that the aperture of the aperture that it is provided with can adopt fine needle to prick, and strict the qualification do not done in the aperture yet, and be just passable about about 1mm.
Preferably, described attractant for melon-trypetid is ripe melon and fruit, ripe melon and fruit fruit juice or artificial feed.
Put into the melon trypetid in the cage body of worm's ovum harvester, put into attractant in ware, the ware mouth covers with film wrapped, pricks aperture on the film.In natural environment, ripe melon trypetid can directly lay eggs on melon, melon trypetid in the worm's ovum harvester can be subjected to the fruity of attractant and the effort of luring of fragrance is lain prone near attractant on film, because foraminate existence, the melon trypetid lays eggs by aperture because habit makes so, because the viscosity of ovum, ovum is pasted on the film naturally, regularly film is peeled off from hole, obtains melon trypetid ovum thereby collect.
Preferably, the described sand thickness that is covered with one deck sand of S2 is 3～7cm.
Preferably, described regularly being collected as every 3～5 days of S2 collected once.
Collect in order to finish the described fly pupa of S2 of the present invention better, the invention provides a kind of preferred fly pupa harvester, described fly pupa harvester comprises cage body and cage lid, also comprise the fixture that one or more fixedly host fruits are used, but the bottom of described cage body is provided with the cage base plate of opening type.
Place sand on the cage base plate, about 3～7cm is thick.
Preferably, but described opening type cage base plate can adopt the mode of snap close to be fixed on the cage base plate or adopt the mode of pull to be connected with cage body lower end, opens or pull when coming out when the cage base plate, and the sand on the cage base plate falls into and takes up device (or water tank).
One of scheme is alternatively: described cage base plate is provided with snap close in two ends on one side, interlocks with the locker of cage body relevant position, and the cage base plate is connected with cage body lower end, when needing, unties snap close, opens the cage base plate, puts down sand.
Two of scheme are alternatively: the cage base plate is divided into two, and two junction snappings or adopt alternate manner to flexibly connect are outwards split when needing, and emit sand.
Three of scheme are alternatively: but the cage base plate of described opening type is a drawing structure, as the pull drawer cage base plate is pulled out, and collects sand.
About described fixture, one of preferred scheme, described fixture is for connecting the suspension hook of cage lid.Host's melon and fruit or artificial feed can place on the suspension hook.
Two of preferred scheme, described fixture comprises fixed mount and retainer plate, described fixed mount connects cage body, described retainer plate Connection Bracket.Host's melon and fruit or artificial feed can place on the retainer plate.Preferably, on the described retainer plate string bag is housed.
Three of preferred scheme, described fixture is that one deck can be fixed in the network structure layer on the cage body, host's melon and fruit or artificial feed can place the network structure layer.The network structure layer can be wire netting or nylon wire, and cancellated width of mesh need not strictly limit, and can allow melon trypetid adult freely come in and go out and get final product.The mode that the network structure layer is fixed in the cage body has multiple, for example in cage body appropriate location hook is set, with network structure layer Corner Strapped in the first-class mode of hook.
Preferably, under the cage body, can also be connected with water tank.
Preferably, described cage cover tape has one or more ventilation holes.
Preferably, described cage lid is transparency cover.
Preferably, described fixture is preferably 5～10cm from the distance of cage base plate.
Preferably, the condition of the described emergence of S3 is, the fly pupa is positioned in the middle of the sand bed (preferably being positioned in the middle of the sand bed), and keeping the humidity of sand is 60～80%, and keeping temperature is 25～28 ℃.
Preferably, in the described dependent insect cage of S4, comprise water-feed, be provided with cobblestone in the described water-feed, amount of water is determined according to the height that the height of the water surface is no more than cobblestone in the water-feed.
The present invention can be subjected to the fruit of melon trypetid harm by collection, the larva that the melon trypetid is arranged in these fruit usually, can finish worm's ovum collection, the collection of fly pupa, the emergence of pupa, the whole process of imago breeding after the larva maturation, the new melon trypetid adult that obtains based on imago breeding can begin the circulation of new feeding process, guarantee that the realization of goal of the invention of the present invention no longer is subjected to the restriction of natural conditions, and can carry out science control the feeding process of melon trypetid.
Based on described preferred device, the raising method that the invention provides preferred melon trypetid comprises the steps:
S1. worm's ovum is collected: gather melon trypetid larva raising maturation, ripe melon trypetid is put into the worm's ovum harvester, collects worm's ovum, worm's ovum is positioned on host's melon and fruit or the artificial feed, with host's melon and fruit or the artificial feed fly pupa harvester of packing into;
S2. the fly pupa is gathered: at the shop, bottom of fly pupa harvester one deck sand, described host's melon and fruit of S1 or artificial feed are positioned over the sand sky, regularly collect sand and more renew sand; The sand of collecting is inserted clear water, pull the fly pupa of bubbling through the water column out;
S4. the emergence of pupa: the pupa that S2 is obtained is put in the dependent insect cage, sprouts wings;
S5. imago breeding: the melon trypetid after the emergence that S4 is obtained in dependent insect cage, continue to raise test fully required.
Dependent insect cage is with reference to existing device of raising the melon trypetid.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the present invention is after gathering melon trypetid larva for the first time, can finish total system, the worm's ovum collection that is not subjected to natural conditions restrictions, the collection of fly pupa, the emergence of pupa, the whole process of imago breeding, the new melon trypetid adult that obtains based on imago breeding can begin the circulation of new feeding process, guarantee that the realization of goal of the invention of the present invention no longer is subjected to the restriction of natural conditions, and can carry out science control the feeding process of melon trypetid.The present invention has set up the feeding system of the melon trypetid of complete a, system, can raise the scientific experiment experiment demand of melon trypetid throughout the year that guarantees by the present invention.
2. method of operating of the present invention is simple, and it is little to take up room, the survival rate height, and the worm source is used in the experiment that can obtain a large amount of condition of growing basically identicals.
3. the invention provides preferred worm's ovum harvester, device simple in structure, the efficient height, changed need in the past artificial from the melon trypetid process of screening worm's ovum, saved the man power and material greatly.
4. the invention provides preferred fly pupa harvester, simple in structure, be convenient for changing, and can guarantee to acquire the melon trypetid pupa of raised growth state consistency, further provide a kind of and the fly pupa harvester water tank combination, can pupate to finish from the collection of larva, save time up to from water, getting one step of pupa.
5. method of getting pupa from water of the present invention is to use for the first time in the raising of melon trypetid, because pupa has certain sealing, can survive in water the short time, and is therefore by the floating more science of worm's ovum that obtains of pupa, more quick.
6. say from method of the present invention that whole feeding environment meets the spontaneous growth environment of melon trypetid, the survival rate of melon trypetid effectively is provided, and obtained good melon trypetid, for paces have been accelerated in the research of melon trypetid for the experiment use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of the worm's ovum harvester of melon trypetid.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the worm's ovum harvester of melon trypetid.
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of the fly pupa harvester of melon trypetid.
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of fly pupa harvester that has the melon trypetid of water tank.
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the fly pupa harvester of the melon trypetid of band wire netting.
Wherein, 1 is the cage body, and 2 is ware, and 3 is the ware mouth, and 4 is film, and 5 is aperture, and 7 is fly pupa harvester lid, and 8 is fly pupa harvester body, and 9 is snap close, and 10 is suspension hook, and 11 is fixed mount, and 12 is the cage base plate, and 13 is retainer plate, and 14 is water tank, and 15 is wire netting.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing specific embodiment, but specific embodiment is not done any qualification to the present invention.
Present embodiment provides the worm's ovum harvester of a kind of melon trypetid, and described worm's ovum harvester comprises the cage body 1 that is provided with air-vent, and ware 2 is set in the cage body, is placed with attractant for melon-trypetid in the ware, and ware mouth 3 usefulness films 4 parcels cover, and described film 4 is provided with aperture 5.
Described porose film 4 can adopt preservative film, and it is just passable that the aperture of the aperture that it is provided with can adopt fine needle to prick, and strict the qualification do not done in the aperture yet, and be just passable about about 1mm.
Preferably, described attractant for melon-trypetid is ripe melon and fruit, ripe melon and fruit fruit juice or artificial feed.
Put into the melon trypetid in the cage body 1 of worm's ovum harvester, put into attractant in ware 2, ware mouth 3 usefulness preservative films 4 parcels cover, and prick aperture 5 on the preservative film 4.In natural environment, ripe melon trypetid can directly lay eggs on melon, melon trypetid in the worm's ovum harvester can be subjected to the fruity of attractant and the effort of luring of fragrance is lain prone near attractant on preservative film 4, because the existence of aperture 5 is arranged, the melon trypetid lays eggs by aperture 5 because habit makes so, because the viscosity of ovum, ovum is pasted on the preservative film 5 naturally, regularly film is peeled off from ware mouth 3, obtains melon trypetid ovum thereby collect.
Embodiment 2 fly pupa harvesters
Present embodiment provides a kind of fly pupa harvester, comprise fly pupa harvester body 8 and fly pupa harvester lid 7, adopt the fixing cage base plate 12 of structure of snap close 9 in fly pupa harvester body 8 bottoms, hang with a suspension hook 10 on fly pupa harvester lid 7, suspension hook 10 is 10cm from the distance of base plate.
During use, the thick sand of 5cm of packing in the fly pupa harvester body 8 hangs over host's fruit on the suspension hook 10, when the humidity that keeps sand, pinches not drip with hand and is advisable.After the larva maturation, will from fruit, jump out, pierce in the sand and pupate, therefore every 3 ~ 5 days, open snap close 9, catch the sand of outflow, just can collect the melon trypetid pupa of growth standard unanimity.
Present embodiment provides a kind of fly pupa harvester, comprise fly pupa harvester body 8 and fly pupa harvester lid 7, adopt the fixing cage base plate 12 of structure of snap close 9 in fly pupa harvester body 8 bottoms, be hung with one deck wire netting 15 in fly pupa harvester body 8, wire netting 15 is 10cm from the distance of base plate.
During use, the thick sand of 5cm of packing in the fly pupa harvester body 8 is placed on host's fruit on the wire netting, when the humidity that keeps sand, pinches not drip with hand and is advisable.After the larva maturation, will from fruit, jump out, the mesh by wire netting pierces in the sand pupates, and therefore every 3 ~ 5 days, opens snap close 9, catches the sand of outflow, just can collect the melon trypetid pupa of growth standard unanimity.
Present embodiment provides a kind of fly pupa harvester, comprise fly pupa harvester body 8, fly pupa harvester lid 7 and water tank 14, water tank 14 is fly pupa harvester body 8 times, but adopt the cage base plate 12 of drawing structure in fly pupa harvester body 8 bottoms, be fixed with fixed mount 11 on the fly pupa harvester body 8, fixed mount 11 is connected and fixed circle 13, and retainer plate 13 is equipped with the string bag from cage base plate 12 about 6cm on the retainer plate 13.
During use, the thick sand of 5cm of packing in the fly pupa harvester body 8 places host's fruit on the string bag of retainer plate 13, when the humidity that keeps sand, pinches not drip with hand and is advisable.Deng larva aging after, will from fruit, jump out, pierce in the sand and pupate, therefore every 3 ~ 5 days, open and pull out cage base plate 12, be mixed with the sand of worm pupa, fall into naturally in the water, because the worm pupa is lighter than water, when slow stirring sand, the worm pupa will emerge, and pulls the worm pupa out, just can collect the melon trypetid pupa of growth standard unanimity.
The raising condition: ventilation and penetrating light is wanted in the insectary, avoids exotic to disturb; The shelf that is used to place dependent insect cage will be equipped with artificial light source, and indoor have temperature control, a damping device, and indoor temperature should remain on 25～28 ℃.
S1. the collection of worm's ovum: the sexual maturity in general 8～10 days of melon trypetid, then can mate and oviposit.Put into the worm's ovum harvester, wait for that the melon trypetid lays eggs, after laying eggs, preservative film is torn, be cut into small pieces, every has pieces of an egg.Plugging aperture on host's melon and fruit of melon trypetid or the artificial feed, the preservative film that has pieces of an egg is put into the aperture next door, after the ovum hatching, larva pierces and gets food in the fruit.The feed of larva can be with fresh fruit, and as balsam pear, pumpkin etc., also available artificial feed are as being made into the aqueous solution with corn flour, sucrose, yeast etc.The feed of larva is put into culture dish, changes 1 time in 1～2 day.
S2. the fly pupa is gathered: the fine sand that the cancellation poison is crossed (100 ℃ high-temperature sterilization 3 hours), be contained in the fly pupa harvester, and shop thickness is about the sand of 5cm, keeps sand humidity, pinches not drip with hand and is advisable, above the melon and fruit of collection is placed on.After larva is aging, will from fruit, jump out, pierce in the sand and pupate, collect 1 pupa every 3～5 days.
Get 1 basin clear water, the sand that the melon trypetid pupates is put into basin in batches, stir sand gently, pupa can waft and float on the surface, and pupa is collected, and puts into the culture dish of diameter 20cm.
S3. the emergence of pupa: earlier at culture dish middle berth one deck sand, thickness is 1cm, and pupa is placed on the sand, evenly scatters, and covers the thick sand of one deck 1～2 cm then in the above, keeps sand moistening, and culture dish is placed in the dependent insect cage, allows pupa sprout wings.Indoor temperature should remain between 25～28 ℃, and relative moisture should be 60%～80%.
S4. imago breeding: the melon trypetid according to the emergence time, is transferred in the different dependent insect cages with dactylethrae after sprouting wings, and is convenient to observe, test.The imago breeding condition is: 25～28 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture 50%～70%, the photoperiod: 12h light+12h is dark.In dependent insect cage, put into water-feed and feed.Water-feed is put into the fritter cobblestone with the culture dish of diameter 8cm in culture dish, the height that adds water surpasses cobblestone, not only can allow the melon trypetid drink water but also can prevent to fall in the water drowned.Available fresh melon and fruit is cut into slices as melons and fruits such as pumpkin, balsam pears as feed, puts into culture dish, 3～5 in each culture dish; Also available artificial feed, filling a prescription is: 5% honey solution mixes by 1:1 with sucrose 5g, yeast 6g, corn flour 10g, water 100g.Artificial feed are put into the culture dish that the fritter cobblestone is housed.Water and feed changed 1 time in 1～2 day, and cleaned culture dish and cobblestone.
The present invention comprises that in conjunction with the raising condition of routine the insectary wants ventilation and penetrating light, avoids exotic to disturb; The shelf that is used to place dependent insect cage will be equipped with artificial light source, and indoor have temperature control, a damping device, and indoor temperature should remain on 25～28 ℃.Introduce healthy anosis worm source, feeding environment and dependent insect cage, sand, culture dish, cobblestone, dactylethrae, oopod etc. will regularly replace, sterilize as far as possible.Keep the feed cleaning in the feeding process, stop pesticide pollution.
Through the inventive method the melon trypetid was raised for 5 generations continuously, the egg hatching rate of melon trypetid, pupation rate and eclosion rate reach 75%, 94%, 94.2% respectively, and feeding effect is stable.
The present invention is after gathering melon trypetid adult for the first time, can finish total system based on the melon trypetid that collects, not collected by the worm's ovum of natural conditions restriction, the collection of fly pupa, the emergence of pupa, the whole process of imago breeding, the new melon trypetid adult that obtains based on imago breeding can begin the circulation of new feeding process, guarantee that the realization of goal of the invention of the present invention no longer is subjected to the restriction of natural conditions, and can carry out science control to the feeding process of melon trypetid, long-term a large amount of experiment showed, raised the melon trypetid that the obtains situation of growing through the inventive method and stablized.Though through indoor continuous raising melon trypetid, certain decline can appear in the vitality of population, can be after 4～5 generations at indoor feeding, the mating of carrying out from female male imago with the indoor feeding of field acquisition melon trypetid prevents the population degeneration.
Claims (10)
1. a melon trypetid raising method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1. worm's ovum is collected: gather melon trypetid larva, raise ripe back and lure the melon trypetid to lay eggs on apertured film with attractant, collect worm's ovum, worm's ovum is positioned over host's melon and fruit or artificial feed;
S2. the fly pupa is gathered: S1 has been placed host's melon and fruit of worm's ovum or the device that artificial feed place ventilation, be covered with one deck sand under host's melon and fruit or the artificial feed, described host's melon and fruit or artificial feed are positioned over the sand sky, regularly collect sand and more renew sand;
The sand of collecting is inserted clear water, pull the fly pupa of bubbling through the water column out;
S3. the emergence of pupa: the fly pupa that S2 is obtained is put in the dependent insect cage, sprouts wings;
S4. imago breeding: the melon trypetid after the emergence that S3 is obtained in dependent insect cage, continue to raise test fully required.
2. melon trypetid raising method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the worm's ovum harvester is adopted in the described worm's ovum collection of S1, described worm's ovum harvester comprises the cage body that is provided with air-vent, in the cage body ware is set, be placed with attractant for melon-trypetid in the ware, the ware mouth covers with film wrapped, and described film is provided with aperture.
3. according to the described melon trypetid of claim 1 raising method, it is characterized in that the described sand thickness that is covered with one deck sand of S2 is 3～7cm.
4. according to the described melon trypetid of claim 1 raising method, it is characterized in that described regularly being collected as every 3～5 days of S2 collected once.
5. melon trypetid raising method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fly pupa harvester is adopted in the collection of the described fly pupa of S2, described fly pupa harvester comprises cage body and cage lid, also comprise the fixture that fixing host's melon and fruit or artificial feed are used, but the bottom of described cage body is provided with the cage base plate of opening type.
6. melon trypetid raising method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the described fly pupa harvester, fixedly the fixture used of host's melon and fruit or artificial feed is the suspension hook that connects the cage lid;
Perhaps, described fixture comprises fixed mount and retainer plate, and described fixed mount connects cage body, described retainer plate Connection Bracket;
Perhaps, described fixture is that one deck can be fixed in the network structure layer on the cage body.
7. melon trypetid raising method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, but the cage base plate of described opening type is a drawing structure.
8. according to the described melon trypetid of claim 5 to 7 raising method, it is characterized in that, also be connected with water tank under the fly pupa harvester body of described fly pupa harvester.
9. according to the described melon trypetid of claim 1 raising method, it is characterized in that the condition of the described emergence of S3 is, the fly pupa is positioned in the middle of the sand bed that keeping the humidity of sand is 60～80%, keeping temperature is 25～28 ℃.
10. according to the described melon trypetid of claim 1 raising method, it is characterized in that, in the described breeding cage of S4, comprise water-feed, be provided with cobblestone in the described water-feed, amount of water is determined according to the height that the height of the water surface is no more than cobblestone in the water-feed.
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| CN110679553B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-06-08 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Large-scale propagation method for Bactrocera cucurbitae larva parasitic wasp Choisy |
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