CN102987383B - 平衡肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症的全营养组合物及应用 - Google Patents
平衡肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症的全营养组合物及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种平衡肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症的全营养组合物及应用;包括第一组合物、第二组合物、第三组合物,或所述三种组合物的组合。所述第一组合物包括药食同源的食品。所述第二组合物包括苦瓜、可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖。所述第三组合物包括可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖。本发明为有针对性地改变肠道菌群,恢复其结构平衡,消除慢性炎症,改善由肠道菌群结构紊乱导致的疾病提供一种营养干预方法,可用于以肠道菌群为靶标的药物、营养品、保健品、食品等的开发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健药物组合物。更具体地,本发明提供一种平衡肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症的全营养组合物及应用。
背景技术
代谢综合症是以高血糖、高血压、高血脂和体重超标为特征的一个症候群,其最重要的特征是中心型肥胖和胰岛素抵抗。代谢综合症是很多慢性疾病如糖尿病、冠心病、脑中风和结肠癌等的高危诱发因素。随着我国经济发展,居民的饮食结构和生活方式发生了重大的变化,使得代谢综合症已经成为我国居民面临的最重要的健康威胁。
目前,对于代谢综合症的控制主要是通过使用药物和改变饮食结构。长期以来,由于对代谢综合症的成因研究没有取得突破,用药物控制代谢综合症只能治标而不治本,尽管改善了症状,但是,疾病过程没有阻断,多数患者还是会发展成为不同的慢性病。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种用于平衡肠道菌群结构的组合物及其制备方法、用途。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
在一个方面,本发明涉及一种或一种以上组合物在制备用于平衡主体中肠道菌群结构,改善代谢综合症的食品或保健品中的用途。第一组合物、第二组合物和第三组合物,其中第一组合物包括全谷类、花生、坚果、玉米、丁香、八角、茴香、小蓟、山药、山楂、马齿苋、乌梢蛇、乌梅、木瓜、火麻仁、代代花、玉竹、甘草、白芷、白果、白扁豆、白扁豆花、龙眼肉(桂圆)、决明子、百合、肉豆蔻、肉桂、余甘子、佛手、杏仁(甜、苦)、沙棘、牡蛎、芡实、花椒、赤小豆、阿胶、鸡内金、麦芽、昆布、枣(大枣、酸枣、黑枣)、罗汉果、郁李仁、金银花、青果、鱼腥草、姜(生姜、干姜)、枳椇子、枸杞、栀子、砂仁、胖大海、茯苓、香橼、香薷、桃仁、桑叶、桑椹、桔红、桔梗、益智仁、荷叶、莱菔子、莲子、高良姜、淡竹叶、淡豆豉、菊花、菊苣、黄芥子、黄精、紫苏、紫苏籽、葛根、黑芝麻、黑胡椒、槐米、槐花、蒲公英、蜂蜜、榧子、酸枣仁、鲜白茅根、鲜芦根、蝮蛇、橘皮、薄荷、薏仁、薤白、覆盆子、藿香、黄豆、黑豆、蚕豆、豌豆、绿豆、豇豆、菜豆、刀豆、木豆、四棱豆、鹰嘴豆、兵豆、白玉豆,或所述药食同源食品组分的任何一种组合。全穀物包括糙米、小麦、大麦、藜麦、黑麦、小黑麦、荞麦、或燕麦等。比如,第一组合物可包括荞麦、燕麦、薏仁、和上述其他药食同源食品组分中任何二、三、四、五、或六种药食同源食品组分。或者,第一组合物可包括燕麦、白扁豆、薏仁、和上述其他药食同源食品组分中任何二、三、四、五、或六种药食同源食品组分。或者,第一组合物可包括荞麦、燕麦、山药、和上述其他药食同源食品组分中任何二、三、四、五、或六种药食同源食品组分。第二组合物包括苦瓜、低聚糖和可溶性膳食纤维。第三组合物包括可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及一种平衡主体中肠道菌群结构,改善代谢综合症的方法,所述方法包括给予需要其的主体有效量的一种或一种以上组合物。所述组合物包括以上所述第一组合物、第二组合物,第三组合物,或所述三种组合物的任何一种。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及一种平衡主体中肠道菌群结构,改善代谢综合症的组合物产品,所述产品包括以上所述第一组合物、第二组合物,和第三组合物以及三组合物的使用方法说明。
在另一个方面,本发明所述的营养干预的组合物,其特征在于:所述药食同源食品粉碎成颗粒状.其中至少1%到70%的颗粒直径为0.65mm或以上。
在另一个方面,本发明所述的营养干预的组合物,其特征在于:所述全谷类种子粉碎成全粉.其中至少15%到100%的全粉颗粒直径为0.65mm或以上。比如,其中至少15%、至少25%、至少25%、至少30%、或至少50%的全粉颗粒直径为0.65mm或以上。
在另一个方面,本发明所述的营养干预的组合物,其特征在于:所述组分括药食同源食品的种子,果实,或其它植株部位混合物经粉碎混合后重新造粒,制备成的颗粒状。
在另一个方面,本发明所述的营养干预的组合物,其特征在于:所述组分包括药食同源食品的种子,果实,或其它植株部位混合物经粉碎混合后重新造粒,制备成的面条状。
在另一个方面,本发明所述的营养干预的组合物,其特征在于:所述组分包括药食同源食品的种子,果实,或其它植株部位混合物经粉碎混合后重新造粒,制备成的片状。
在一些实施方案中,所述组合物可为食品、或保健品,可以为口服。
在一些实施方案中,主体(例如,人)可患有代谢综合症。
在一些实施方案中,第一组合物可以为粥,作为主食配合新鲜蔬菜给予主体食用,进食量以主体不产生饥饿感为准;第二组合物可以为冲调剂,以温水冲调给予主体食用,日剂量可以为5-100克,40-60克,或30-80克;并且第三组合物可以为冲调剂,日剂量可为5-200克,30-100克,50-150克,并可以300-1500毫升水调匀给予主体早晨空腹饮用。
在一些实施方案中,第一组合物可为米、面、粥或饭。
该食品在经过蒸、煮等烹调方式后,其中的淀粉不易糊化,不易升高血糖。
在一些实施方案中,第一组合物中蛋白质的重量占第一组合物重量的5-40%或10-20%,碳水化合物的重量占第一组合物重量的30-80%或50-70%,脂肪的重量占第一组合物重量的0。5-30%或2-15%,膳食纤维的重量占第一组合物重量的0。5-30%或2-15%,维生素的重量占第一组合物重量的0。1-5%或0.5-1%,并且矿物质的重量占第一组合物重量的0。1-2%或0.8-1.2%。
在一些实施方案中,第一组合物中薏仁的重量占第一组合物重量的10-30%,燕麦的重量占第一组合物重量的5-30%,荞麦的重量占第一组合物重量的5-50%,白扁豆的重量占第一组合物重量的5-20%,并且山药的重量占第一组合物重量的5-30%。
在一些实施方案中,每100克第一组合物提供的总热量为320-330千卡。
在一些实施方案中,第一组合物中山药为山药干。
在一些实施方案中,第二组合物为冲调剂。
在一些实施方案中,第二组合物中苦瓜与膳食纤维和低聚糖的重量比为10∶1-1∶1。
在一些实施方案中,第二组合物中苦瓜为苦瓜粉。
在一些实施方案中,第二组合物中苦瓜粉采用冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥制成。
在一些实施方案中,第二组合物中苦瓜粉的重量占第二组合物重量的15-99.8%,可溶性膳食纤维的重量占第二组合物重量的0.1-51%,低聚糖的重量占第二组合物重量的0.1-34%。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:本发明的组合物可用于平衡主体中肠道菌群结构,改善代谢综合症,施用于受试者时,能够增加短链脂肪酸产生菌的数量,减少内毒素产生菌的数量;可以多个途径给予需要其的主体,通过对主体饮食营养的合理调整,达到减轻、解除、补救、预防或改善代谢综合症症状,恢复健康的目的。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1显示志愿者干预前后肠道菌群16SrRNA基因V3-DGGE指纹图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明的一个目的为提供一种或一种以上组合物在制备用于平衡主体中肠道菌群结构,改善代谢综合症的食品或保健品中的用途。
更具体地,本发明(平衡肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症的全营养组合物)包括第一组合物、第二组合物和第三组合物,其中第一组合物包括薏仁、燕麦、荞麦、白扁豆、黄玉米、赤小豆、黄豆、山药、大枣、花生、莲子和枸杞,第二组合物包括苦瓜、可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖,第三组合物包括可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖
本发明的第一组合物可以为米、面、粥或饭的形式。
该食品在经过蒸、煮等烹调方式后,其中的淀粉不易糊化,不易升高血糖。
本发明中,每100克第一组合物提供的总热量可以为300-400千卡。第一组合物提供的总热量可以通过氧弹测定能力修正法测定。
本发明中,蛋白质的含量可以通过凯氏微量法测定,碳水化合物的含量可以通过高压液相色谱测定,脂肪的含量可以通过索氏抽提法测定,膳食纤维的含量可以通过中性洗涤剂法测定,维生素的含量可以通过高压液相色谱测定,矿物质的含量可以通过分光光度法测定。低聚糖,为两个或两个以上(一般指2-10个)单糖单位以糖苷键相连形成的糖分子。例如,低聚糖可以是低聚果糖或低聚异麦芽糖。
本发明的组合物可用作食品或保健品,也可以用作营养药品目的,例如作为饮食补充剂。本发明的组合物还可以与药学可接受载体混合以形成药物组合物。″药学可接受载体″包括溶剂、分散剂、包衣、抗菌和抗真菌剂以及等渗和吸收延迟剂等等,适合于药物给药。
本发明的组合物可以配制成与其计划的给予途径相适应的剂型。参见例如美国专利No.6,756,196。给予途径的实例包括例如口服。本发明的组合物可以是用于口服的片剂、胶囊、米、粥或饭形式以便于剂量给予和均匀性的剂量单位形式配制口服组合物将是有利的。如此处所用的术语″剂量单位形式″指适合作为用于治疗主体的单一剂量的物理分散单位,每一单位包含与所需的药学载体结合、计划产生所需治疗效果的预定量的活性成分。
本发明的组合物可用于平衡主体中肠道菌群结构,改善代谢综合症。有效量的所述组合物经如上所述的那些适当途径给予需要其的主体。
如此处所用的,″主体″指人或动物,包括所有哺乳动物例如灵长类(尤其是高级灵长类)、绵羊、狗、啮齿类(例如小鼠或大鼠)、豚鼠、羊、猪、猫、兔和母牛。
所干预的主体可以由主体或健康护理专业人员的判断而确定,并且可以是主观的(例如看法)或客观的(例如可通过检验或诊断方法测量的)。例如,所干预的主体可以是具有低水平肠道有益菌和高水平条件致病菌的主体,或诊断有代谢综合症的主体。
″营养干预″定义为通过对主体饮食营养的合理调整,达到减轻、解除、补救、预防或改善代谢综合症症状,恢复健康的目的。
例如,本发明的第一组合物可以制成粥,作为主食,适量配合新鲜蔬菜,进食量以不产生饥饿感为准。本发明的第二组合物可以制成冲调剂,用温水冲调食用,每天5-100克袋。本发明的第三组合物可以制成冲调剂,早晨空腹饮用,300-1500毫升的水调匀冲服5-200克。
本发明组合物的代表性给药周期为一周至几个月,例如一周、两周、一个月、两个月、四个月和八个月。在主体中肠道有益菌水平开始上升、条件致病菌水平开始下降后,组合物的剂量可以逐步降低。当肠道菌群结构恢复正常时可以结束给药。
实施例1
对一位体重175千克的志愿者进行营养干预,并对干预过程中身体各项生理生化指标和肠道菌群的变化进行系统的分子监测,进一步描述本发明
(1)志愿者干预前的身体状况
该志愿者为26岁男性。身高172.5厘米体重174.9千克,BMI(BodyMassIndex)58.78,腰围156.1厘米,根据亚洲成年人肥胖评价标准判断,为重度肥胖患者。经系统体检,发现其患有严重的代谢综合症,其各项生理生化指标如下表1所示。
(2)干预过程中身体的生理生化指标变化与干预效果的分子评价。
表1实施例1志愿者营养干预前及干预后9周、23周生理生化指标
相比较于该志愿者干预前0天的各项生理生化指标,营养干预9周、23周后,体重和BMI显著下降;空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白和胰岛素抵抗指数的降低,直接反映糖稳态情况及其在干预下的好转;甘油三酯和总胆固醇的下降表明机体脂代谢的改善;谷草转氨酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和γ谷氨酰转移酶的明显降低,逐渐恢复到正常范围内,说明肝脏细胞的损伤的减轻;同时脂肪肝与血压均有所改善;炎性标记物中的C反应蛋白、炎性因子白介素6,提示肠道菌群引发的破坏身体的炎性反应的水平在干预下降低;抗炎因子脂联素的升高表明机体消除炎性反应的机能在干预后恢复;内毒素结合蛋白的减少提示进入血液的细菌产生的内毒素的水平在干预下降低。综合上述各项指标,该志愿者经过干预之后,代谢综合症各项表征均明显改善。
干预过程中肠道菌群结构变化情况如下:16SrRNA基因V3-DGGE指纹图谱及注释见说明书附图。0d:为干预前时间点,4w、9w、13w、18w、23w:分别为干预后各时间点4周、9周、13周、18周和23周。红色箭头(23W泳道旁的2处箭头)所示为营养干预后增加的条带(2条条带),蓝色箭头(M泳道旁的5处箭头)所示为营养干预后逐渐减弱的条带(5条条带)。从DGGE图谱可以看到营养干预对该个体肠道菌群结构有较大影响,营养干预后几个时间点志愿者肠道菌群结构是比较相似,这说明营养干预显著地改变了肠道菌群结构。
454焦磷酸测序结果显示该志愿者的变形菌门发生明显下降,其中以肠杆菌科变化最明显,由-30d的17.90%降为9w的0.10%和23w降为0.10%,表现在属的水平上即为机会性病原菌肠杆菌的明显下降。另外,属水平在营养干预后呈上趋势的有Faecalibacterium,该属菌种具有抗炎和产生丁酸盐的作用,对宿主的能量代谢,保护肠粘膜完整性起着重要作用。
由此可见,营养干预后,该志愿者机会性病原菌数量发生明显下降,进入宿主循环系统的肠道内内毒素减少,从而降低了宿主炎性反应水平,有效地缓解了该志愿者代谢综合症的症状。
实施例2
对89位中心型II度肥胖症志愿者进行营养干预,并对干预过程中身体各项生理指标和肠道菌群的变化进行系统的分子监测,进一步描述本发明。
(1)干预全过程中身体的生理变化与干预效果的分子评价。
表2实施例2志愿者营养干预全过程生理生化指标
数据表示为均值±标准偏差,或中位数(四分位数间距)。显著性检验采用SPSS17.0统计软件的配对t检验(正态分布数据)或非参数分布Wilcoxon检验(非正态分布数据)。
肠道通透性测试,干预前30天和干预后9周收集得到的样品数为89,干预后23周的收集样品数为76。
干预后9周、23周与干预前30天比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;干预后23周与干预后9周比较,§P<0.05,§§P<0.01。
相比较于志愿者干预前30天的各项生理生化指标,干预9周、23周后,体重和BMI持续显著下降;空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗指数的降低,直接反映糖稳态情况的好转;甘油三酯和总胆固醇的下降表明机体脂代谢的改善;丙氨酸氨基转移酶和γ谷氨酰转移酶的明显降低,说明肝脏细胞的损伤减轻;同时脂肪肝(志愿者有68.5%干预后状况好转,其中18.0%干预后转为正常)与血压均有所改善;炎性标记物中的C反应蛋白、炎性因子白介素6和肿瘤坏死因子α的减少,反映肠道菌群引发的炎性反应的水平在干预下降低;抗炎因子脂联素的升高表明机体消除炎性反应的机能在干预后的恢复;内毒素结合蛋白的减少提示进入血液的细菌产生的内毒素的水平在干预下降低。
干预过程中肠道菌群结构变化情况如下:
454焦磷酸测序结果显示营养干预后志愿者变形菌门数量显著下降,放线菌门数量显著上升。主要有三个科在营养干预后发生显著变化,肠杆菌科和脱硫弧菌科数量发生显著下降,而双歧杆菌科数量显著上升。
营养干预后,志愿者肠杆菌科和脱硫弧菌科两个常见的致病菌类型数量发生显著下降,而保护肠屏障的双歧杆菌科数量显著上升,肠壁通透性下降,进入宿主循环系统的肠道的内毒素量减少,从而降低了宿主炎性反应水平,缓解了代谢综合症的症状。
本说明书引用的所有出版物通过引用整体引入。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (14)
1.一种营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述组合物产品包括以下三种组合物,每种组合物为便于剂量给予和均匀性的剂量单位形式,所述剂量单位形式是单一剂量的物理分散单位,其中,
所述第一组合物包括薏仁、燕麦、荞麦、白扁豆、黄玉米、赤小豆、黄豆、山药、大枣、花生、莲子和枸杞;
所述第二组合物包括苦瓜、可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖;
所述第三组合物包括可溶性膳食纤维和低聚糖。
2.如权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述荞麦包括普通荞麦,或苦荞麦。
3.如权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述荞麦是荞麦植物种子。
4.如权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述燕麦是燕麦植物种子。
5.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第二组合物中的苦瓜是苦瓜的植物果实全粉。
6.根据权利要求5所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述植物果实全粉是通过冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥生产。
7.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第二组合物中的苦瓜是苦瓜提取物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第二组合物中的可溶性膳食纤维包括Fibersol-2、抗性淀粉、聚葡萄糖、果胶或树胶。
9.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第二组合物中的低聚糖包括低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、乳果糖、低聚木糖、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚葡萄糖、水苏糖、或低聚乳果糖。
10.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第二组合物包括组成物的粉末。
11.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第三组合物中的可溶性膳食纤维包括Fibersol-2、抗性淀粉、聚葡萄糖、果胶或树胶。
12.根据权利要求1所述的营养干预的组合物产品,其特征在于,所述第三组合物中的低聚糖包括低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、乳果糖、低聚木糖、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚葡萄糖、水苏糖、或低聚乳果糖。
13.一种根据权利要求1所述的组合物产品在制备用于平衡主体中肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症食品或保健品中的用途。
14.一种根据权利要求1所述的组合物产品在制备用于平衡主体中肠道菌群结构改善代谢综合症食品或保健品中的用途,其特征在于:
第一组合物以米、面、粥或饭的形式作为主食服用;
第二组合物在餐前0.25到1小时服用;
第三组合物在餐前2-5小时或与早餐同时服用。
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EP2925159A4 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
KR102301577B1 (ko) | 2021-09-13 |
EP2925159A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
RU2607351C1 (ru) | 2017-01-10 |
SG11201503632PA (en) | 2015-06-29 |
AU2013351692B2 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
HK1210669A1 (zh) | 2016-05-06 |
BR112015011843B8 (pt) | 2021-05-18 |
IL238549A0 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
CA2891922A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
BR112015011843A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
JP6271571B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
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