CN102845346A - Closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and device system - Google Patents
Closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and device system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102845346A CN102845346A CN2012103670133A CN201210367013A CN102845346A CN 102845346 A CN102845346 A CN 102845346A CN 2012103670133 A CN2012103670133 A CN 2012103670133A CN 201210367013 A CN201210367013 A CN 201210367013A CN 102845346 A CN102845346 A CN 102845346A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and a closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture device system. Three kinds of biological treatment ponds, i.e. aquiculture ponds, a settling and biological purification pond and coral filter ponds are arranged, wherein net cages are suspended in the aquiculture ponds for culturing fish and shrimps, and biological activation sand layers are arranged at the bottoms of the aquiculture ponds for preliminarily treating feed residues and excrement of cultured objects; the settling part of the settling and biological purification pond is used for treating settled organic particles and the biological purification part of the settling and biological purification pond is used for treating and filtering remaining organic particles and nutrient matters; and biological stones are placed at the bottoms of the coral filter ponds and coral mollusks are cultured on the biological stones to further absorb and decrease nutritive salt in water. The entire system is built in a sunlight greenhouse, sunlight can promote the growth and the photosynthesis of corals and algae, and the corals and the algae can absorb nutrient wastes and carbon dioxide discharged by the cultured objects and can emit a large quantity of oxygen, so as to enable aquiculture water quality to be close to the quality of water in coral reef areas. For daily management, evaporated fresh water and consumed elements such as Ca, Mg and KH are only needed to be replenished. In the entire aquiculture process, the goals of zero water change, no emission and no pollution can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine product industrial aquaculture technology, the ecological closed circulation cultivation method of a kind of seawater and the apparatus system of implementing the method, many kinds such as cultivation fish, shrimp, shellfish, sea cucumber, sea urchin, marine alga, coral, be one at the simulating nature ecosystem systems engineering Xi of artificial, controllable environment Imitating, concentrated the Nature coral reef ecosystem.
Background technology
All there are problems in net cage, Tu Tang and closed circulation cultivation system that present most domestic culturing marine products industry adopts:
Cage culture: be arranged in the harbor, swim in the sea.Shortcoming: risk is very high, is subject to the external environment impacts such as disease, typhoon, low temperature, pollution, red tide, and simultaneously a large amount of feedings also can cause the seawater pollution of culturing area
Tu Tang cultivation: dig the pool in the place near the bank, seawater is introduced in the pool.Shortcoming: be subject to the impact of the external environments such as disease, typhoon, low temperature, pollution, red tide, because water quality is relatively poor and will be through common medicine, the meat quality of fish, the mouthfeel that raise are relatively poor.In addition, large-arealy by the sea dig the littoral landforms of the pool heavy damage, shelter forest, high amount of drug, ight soil discharging also directly affect littoral marine ecology.
Closed circulation cultivation system: cultivate greatly the conventional meanses such as nitrifying bacteria, disinfection by ultraviolet light, ozone, separation of particles, Separation of Proteins mainly with the fixed biologically filter tank, can not finish complete nitrogen cycle, have nitrates accumulation, cost is high, and system's quantity of exchanged water is large, and energy consumption is large, water quality is in relatively poor level all the time, breed variety is single, poor growth, and meat is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to improve the deficiency of above-mentioned traditional breeding way, a kind of ecology, highly effective stereo rate breeding way are provided, whole feeding process does not need to change water, not climate restriction is not subjected to harm influence, and water quality remains the coral reef water standard, and (coral is very responsive to heavy metal, pollutant, the coral growth is the highest to water quality requirement), the biological quality better that raises reaches cleaning marine site wildlife quality standard, and survival rate is high.Owing to can accomplish that zero changes water, so method and apparatus provided by the invention is not subjected to regional limits fully, can any water is arranged, electricity is arranged, sunshine abundance the place set up factory, even can raise in northern inland.
The invention provides a kind of enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method, comprise following water treatment process:
A carries out primary treatment in culturing pool:
Throw in the cultivation target organism in the net cage in hanging on culturing pool,
At the bottom of culturing pool, lay the bioactivation layer of sand,
In the nutrition pond, introduce founding biology and less important cultivation target organism, be used for eating up residual bait, the ight soil of layer of sand; The founding biology stirs layer of sand, to avoid the layer of sand anoxic, to harden;
B is in precipitation and biological purifying tank, to carrying out physical sedimentation and biological cleaning processing from described culturing pool through the water of primary treatment:
Partly lay the bioactivation layer of sand at sedimentation basin, and it is biological to introduce founding, makes most of remaining organic granular from culturing pool in this precipitation and carry out biological decomposition,
At biological purifying tank biolith is set partly, and has the less important cultivation target organism of filtration, clearing function, the current through physical sedimentation are further filtered wherein remaining organic granular and nutriment,
Terminal at biological purifying tank, described culturing pool is discharged, sent back to the water after processing;
Whole described processing procedures are carried out in the sun.
Enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method provided by the invention comprises further that also one also comprises the coral filter process, and the water quality after described precipitation and biological cleaning processing is carried out further purified treatment,
Lay biolith at the bottom of the described coral filtering ponds, biolith cultivate by-end biological-have a coral software of ornamental value, in order to catch 2 microns-200 microns organic granular, bacterium, parasite floating body, the nutriments such as the nitrate in the phycobiont absorption water in the corallum, phosphate
Water through described coral filtering ponds are processed divides and delivers to described culturing pool and described precipitation and biological purifying tank, carries out circular treatment.
The present invention also provides a kind of and described enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method corresponding apparatus system, comprises following treatment device for water
The A culturing pool, carry out primary treatment to water quality:
Hang net cage in the culturing pool, throw in the cultivation target organism in the case,
Lay the bioactivation layer of sand at the bottom of the culturing pool,
Introduce founding biology and less important cultivation target organism in the culturing pool, be used for eating up residual bait, the ight soil of layer of sand, the founding biology stirs layer of sand, to avoid the layer of sand anoxic, to harden;
B precipitation and biological purifying tank comprise sedimentation basin part and biological purifying tank part, to carrying out physical sedimentation and biological cleaning processing from described culturing pool through the water of primary treatment:
Partly lay the bioactivation layer of sand at sedimentation basin, and it is biological to introduce founding, makes most of remaining organic granular from culturing pool in this precipitation and carry out biological decomposition,
At biological purifying tank biolith is set partly, and has the less important cultivation target organism of filtration, clearing function, the water through physical sedimentation is further filtered wherein remaining organic granular and nutriment,
Terminal at biological purifying tank, described culturing pool is discharged, sent back to the water after processing;
Whole described apparatus systems are arranged under the sunlight.
Enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultivator provided by the present invention system also further comprises a coral filter process, and the water quality after described precipitation and biological cleaning are processed is carried out further purified treatment,
Lay biolith at the bottom of the described coral filtering ponds, biolith cultivate by-end biological-have a coral software of ornamental value, in order to catch 2 microns-200 microns organic granular, bacterium, parasite floating body, the nutriments such as the nitrate in the phycobiont absorption water in the corallum, phosphate
Water through described coral filtering ponds are processed divides and delivers to described culturing pool and described precipitation and biological purifying tank, carries out circular treatment.
Enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method of the present invention be one at the simulating nature ecosystem systems engineering Xi of artificial, controllable environment Imitating, concentrated the Nature coral reef ecosystem, be in the present domestic mariculture mode near naturally the most green three dimensional-breeding mode, be the trend of factory of the future cultivation.It can be to breeding environment, comprise temperature, salinity, acid-base value, calcium, magnesium, hardness etc. and cultivate the closely bound up various water quality parameters of target and manually adjust, the interference that not changed by external environment, such as virus, parasite, typhoon, red tide, cold current etc., the cultivation object is grown in best water environment rapidly, and survival rate is high, quality better, and regardless of season, play certain regulating action to stabilizing the market.
Another distinguishing feature of the present invention is to accomplish that zero changes water, so just can not be subjected to regional limits, any satisfy water is arranged, electricity is arranged, sunshine abundance the place can set up base (so traditional breeding way can only be built littoral zone, seashore in owing to will change in a large number water), and energy savings, be uniquely in the present seawater artificial cultivating method can take into account green, environmental protection, risk is low, cost is low, be not subjected to the mariculture method of regional limits.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the below will do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in the embodiment of the invention, apparently, below described accompanying drawing only be some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the ecological closed circulation cultivation apparatus system of seawater of the present invention.
1: culturing pool
2: precipitation and biological purifying tank
3: the sedimentation basin part
4: the biological purifying tank part
5: the coral filtering ponds
6: feed pump
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In order to achieve the above object and effect, the invention provides the ecological closed circulation cultivation method of a kind of seawater and apparatus system thereof, be provided with three different biological treatment tanks: culturing pool, precipitation and biological purifying tank, and coral filtering ponds.
The below illustrates an optimum implementation, specifically provides configuration species, configuration density in each pond, and its function and effect are described.
Be used for raising main target biological (fish, lobster etc.) at culturing pool 1 interior suspension net cage, thin coral sand about diameter 1mm is laid at 1 end of culturing pool, thickness is 5cm approximately, introduce the founding starfish, approximately 20 of every square meters, founding Holothuria atra (less important cultivation target organism), 5 of every square meters, shrimp (less important cultivation target organism), 10 of every square meters.The founding biology can constantly stir layer of sand, avoids the layer of sand anoxic, hardens, and also can eat up residual bait, the ight soil that drops on layer of sand simultaneously.The residual bait of part, ight soil can be broken down into tiny grain dissolution or be suspended in the water, and these materials can be brought to precipitation and biological purifying tank along with current.
In precipitation and the front end of biological purifying tank 2 sedimentation basin part 3 namely, lay thin coral sand about diameter 1mm, thickness is 5cm approximately, introduce the founding starfish, 20 of every square meters, founding Holothuria atra, 5 of every square meters, Babylonia (less important cultivation target organism), 100 of every square meters.Because this part current is slower, so most of organic granular can be in this precipitation and by biological decomposition.More tiny particle can be with flow direction biological purifying tank part.
Biological purifying tank part 4 is placed biolith (from large adhering to of fishing for enriching halobiontic stone in the sea), every square meter 100kg, and introduce sea urchin (less important cultivation target organism), 5 of every square meters, 5 of the every square meters of sea cucumber (less important cultivation target organism), abalone (less important cultivation target organism), 30 of every square meters, sun is satisfied foot, 5 of every square meters, marine alga (less important cultivation target organism), every square meter 0.5kg, these functional living beings can further filter remaining organic granular and nutriment.
At biological purifying tank 4 ends, be provided with water pump 6 current are divided into two parts, a part is got back to culturing pool 1, and another part is guided to coral filtering ponds 5.
Biolith is laid in coral filtering ponds 5 bottoms, every square meter is 50kg approximately, cultivate the coral software (less important cultivation target organism) that growth is rapid and have ornamental value on the biolith, such as axis hole coral, table hole coral, soft coral, coral polyp can catch size at 2 microns ~ 200 microns organic granular, bacterium, parasite floating body, phycobiont in the corallum also can further absorb the nutriment (nitrate, phosphate) that is dissolved in the water, reaches the effect that further purifies water.
Water after the coral filtering ponds are processed is back to biological purifying tank 4, carries out circular treatment.
Coral is very responsive to pollutants such as heavy metals, can also play the effect of monitoring water quality.
Whole cultivation Establishing is in sun glasshouse, as the natural world coral reef is ecological, sunshine is the driving source that drives whole ecosystem, the illumination meeting promotes coral, marine alga, the vigorous growth of phytoplankton, marine alga, phytoplankton is zooplankton when absorbing in the water nutrient, algophagous provides food, zooplankton, algophagous provides food for flesh-eater again, the excreta that is positioned at the flesh-eater on food chain top is hanged down the biological decomposition of grade relatively finally by marine alga again, phytoplankton absorbs, so move in circles, energy transmits between different biologies.No matter arbitrary moment, nutriment all is cured in the marine organism, can not be discharged in the water, thereby guarantee the cleaning of water quality.
The growth of marine alga, coral can consume the thalassophile elements such as a large amount of Ca, Mg, KH, to regularly detect system is in service, should be stabilized in Ca:400ppm, Mg1300ppm, KH:9dkh, compensation process: Ca: add calcium chloride, Mg: interpolation magnesium chloride, KH add sodium bicarbonate.
Enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method be one at the simulating nature ecosystem systems engineering Xi of artificial, controllable environment Imitating, concentrated the Nature coral reef ecosystem, be in the present domestic mariculture mode near naturally the most green three dimensional-breeding mode, be the trend of factory of the future cultivation.It can be to breeding environment, comprise temperature, salinity, acid-base value, calcium, magnesium, hardness etc. and cultivate the closely bound up various water quality parameters of target and manually adjust, the interference that not changed by external environment, such as virus, parasite, typhoon, red tide, cold current etc., the cultivation object is grown in best water environment rapidly, and survival rate is high, quality better, and regardless of season, play certain regulating action to stabilizing the market.
Another distinguishing feature of the present invention is to accomplish that zero changes water, so just can not be subjected to regional limits, any satisfy water is arranged, electricity is arranged, sunshine abundance the place can set up base (so traditional breeding way can only be built littoral zone, seashore in owing to will change in a large number water), and energy savings, be uniquely in the present seawater artificial cultivating method can take into account green, environmental protection, risk is low, cost is low, be not subjected to the mariculture method of regional limits.
Although by with reference to the accompanying drawings and mode in conjunction with the preferred embodiments the present invention is described in detail, the present invention is not limited to this.Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention and essence, those of ordinary skills can carry out to embodiments of the invention modification or the replacement of various equivalences, and these modifications or replacement all should be in covering scopes of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method is characterized in that comprising following water treatment process:
A carries out primary treatment in culturing pool:
Throw in the cultivation target organism in the net cage in hanging on culturing pool,
At the bottom of culturing pool, lay the bioactivation layer of sand,
In culturing pool, introduce founding biology and less important cultivation target organism, be used for eating up residual bait, the ight soil of layer of sand; The founding biology stirs layer of sand, to avoid the layer of sand anoxic, to harden;
B is in precipitation and biological purifying tank, to carrying out physical sedimentation and biological cleaning processing from described culturing pool through the water of primary treatment:
Partly lay the bioactivation layer of sand at sedimentation basin, and it is biological to introduce founding, makes most of remaining organic granular from culturing pool in this precipitation and carry out biological decomposition,
At biological purifying tank biolith is set partly, and has the less important cultivation target organism of filtration, clearing function, the current through physical sedimentation are further filtered wherein remaining organic granular and nutriment,
Terminal at biological purifying tank, described culturing pool is discharged, sent back to the water after processing;
Whole described processing procedures are carried out in the sun.
2. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the described culturing pool: described cultivation target organism, comprise fish, lobster,
Described bioactivation layer of sand is made of thin coral sand, and thickness is 5cm approximately,
Described founding is biological, comprises starfish, Holothuria atra,
Described less important cultivation target organism comprises Holothuria atra, shrimp;
Described sedimentation basin part: described bioactivation layer of sand is made of thin coral sand, and thickness is 5cm approximately,
Described founding is biological, comprises starfish, Holothuria atra,
Described less important cultivation target organism comprises Babylonia;
Described biological purifying tank part: described less important cultivation target organism, comprise sea urchin, sea cucumber, abalone, sun is satisfied foot, marine alga.
3. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
In the described culturing pool:
The thin coral sand of described bioactivation layer of sand, diameter 1mm,
Described founding is biological, starfish, and approximately 20 of every square meters,
Described less important cultivation target organism, approximately 10 of the every square meters of shrimp;
Described Holothuria atra as founding biology and less important cultivation target organism, approximately 5 of every square meters,
Described sedimentation basin part:
The thin coral sand of described bioactivation layer of sand, diameter 1mm,
Described founding is biological, starfish, and approximately 20 of every square meters,
Described less important cultivation target organism, approximately 100 of the every square meters of Babylonia;
Described Holothuria atra as founding biology and less important cultivation target organism, approximately 5 of every square meters,
Described biological purifying tank part:
Described biolith, every square meter 100kg,
Described less important cultivation target organism, approximately 5 of the every square meters of sea urchin, approximately 5 of the every square meters of sea cucumber, approximately 30 of the every square meters of abalone, sun are satisfied approximately 0.5kg of approximately 5 of the every square meters of foot, the every square meter of marine alga.
4. such as claim 1,2 or 3 described enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural methods, it is characterized in that,
Also comprise a coral filter process, the water quality after described precipitation and biological cleaning processing carried out further purified treatment,
Lay biolith at the bottom of the described coral filtering ponds, cultivate the coral software that by-end Sheng Wu – has ornamental value at biolith, in order to catch organic granular, bacterium, the parasite floating body of 200 microns of 2 Wei Mi –, the nutriments such as the nitrate in the phycobiont absorption water in the corallum, phosphate
Water through described coral filtering ponds are processed divides and delivers to described culturing pool and described precipitation and biological purifying tank, carries out circular treatment.
5. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that,
Described biolith, every square meter is 50kg approximately,
Described coral software comprises axis hole coral, table hole coral, soft coral.
6. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultivator system comprises following treatment device for water:
The A culturing pool, carry out primary treatment to water quality:
Hang net cage in the culturing pool, throw in the cultivation target organism in the case,
Lay the bioactivation layer of sand at the bottom of the culturing pool,
Introduce founding biology and less important cultivation target organism in the culturing pool, be used for eating up residual bait, the ight soil of layer of sand, the founding biology stirs layer of sand, to avoid the layer of sand anoxic, to harden;
B precipitation and biological purifying tank comprise sedimentation basin part and biological purifying tank part, to carrying out physical sedimentation and biological cleaning processing from described culturing pool through the water of primary treatment:
Partly lay the bioactivation layer of sand at sedimentation basin, and it is biological to introduce founding, makes most of remaining organic granular from culturing pool in this precipitation and carry out biological decomposition,
At biological purifying tank biolith is set partly, and has the less important cultivation target organism of filtration, clearing function, the water through physical sedimentation is further filtered wherein remaining organic granular and nutriment,
Terminal at biological purifying tank, described culturing pool is discharged, sent back to the water after processing;
Whole described apparatus systems are arranged under the sunlight.
7. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultivator as claimed in claim 6 system is characterized in that,
In the described culturing pool: described cultivation target organism, comprise fish, lobster,
Described bioactivation layer of sand is made of thin coral sand, and thickness is 5cm approximately,
Described founding is biological, comprises starfish, Holothuria atra,
Described less important cultivation target organism comprises Holothuria atra, shrimp;
In the described sedimentation basin part: described bioactivation layer of sand is made of thin coral sand, and thickness is 5cm approximately,
Described founding is biological, comprises starfish, Holothuria atra,
Described less important cultivation target organism comprises Babylonia;
In the described biological purifying tank part:
Described less important cultivation target organism comprises sea urchin, sea cucumber, abalone, and sun is satisfied foot, marine alga.
8. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultivator as claimed in claim 7 system is characterized in that,
In the described culturing pool:
The thin coral sand of described bioactivation layer of sand, diameter 1mm,
Described founding is biological, starfish, and approximately 20 of every square meters,
Described by-end is biological, approximately 10 of the every square meters of shrimp;
Described Holothuria atra as founding biology and by-end biology, approximately 5 of every square meters,
Described sedimentation basin part:
The thin coral sand of described bioactivation layer of sand, diameter 1mm,
Described founding is biological, starfish, and approximately 20 of every square meters,
Described less important cultivation target organism, approximately 100 of the every square meters of Babylonia;
Described Holothuria atra as founding biology and less important cultivation target organism, approximately 5 of every square meters,
Described biological purifying tank part:
Described biolith, every square meter 100kg,
Described less important cultivation target organism, approximately 5 of the every square meters of sea urchin, approximately 5 of the every square meters of sea cucumber, approximately 30 of the every square meters of abalone, sun are satisfied approximately 0.5kg of approximately 5 of the every square meters of foot, the every square meter of marine alga.
9. such as claim 6,7 or 8 described enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultivator systems, it is characterized in that
Also comprise coral filtering ponds, be connected in the terminal dispatch water pump that arranges of described biological purifying tank part, water quality is carried out further purified treatment,
Lay biolith at the bottom of the coral filtering ponds, cultivate the coral software that less important cultivation Mu mark Sheng Wu – has ornamental value at biolith, in order to catch organic granular, bacterium, the parasite floating body of 200 microns of 2 Wei Mi –, the nutriments such as the nitrate in the phycobiont absorption water in the corallum, phosphate
Water through the coral filtering ponds are processed divides and delivers to described culturing pool and described precipitation and biological purifying tank, carries out circular treatment.
10. enclosed sea water zoology cycle cultural method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that,
Described biolith, every square meter is 50kg approximately,
Described coral software comprises axis hole coral, table hole coral, soft coral.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103670133A CN102845346A (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and device system |
| CN201210566802XA CN102972323A (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-24 | Method for making seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN201310053246.0A CN103081838B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | Closed seawater ecological cycle cultivation method and device system thereof |
| CN201310053269.1A CN103109763B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | Manufacture method of seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
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| CN2012103670133A CN102845346A (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and device system |
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| CN201210566802XA Pending CN102972323A (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-24 | Method for making seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN201310053269.1A Active CN103109763B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | Manufacture method of seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN201310053246.0A Active CN103081838B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | Closed seawater ecological cycle cultivation method and device system thereof |
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| CN201310053269.1A Active CN103109763B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | Manufacture method of seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN201310053246.0A Active CN103081838B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-19 | Closed seawater ecological cycle cultivation method and device system thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102972323A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN103109763B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| CN103109763A (en) | 2013-05-22 |
| CN103081838B (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN103081838A (en) | 2013-05-08 |
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