CN107197805A - A kind of coral reef system and its construction method for simulating natural ecological environment - Google Patents
A kind of coral reef system and its construction method for simulating natural ecological environment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107197805A CN107197805A CN201710440922.8A CN201710440922A CN107197805A CN 107197805 A CN107197805 A CN 107197805A CN 201710440922 A CN201710440922 A CN 201710440922A CN 107197805 A CN107197805 A CN 107197805A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coral
- reef
- fish
- coral reef
- built
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 title claims description 119
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 240000002044 Rhizophora apiculata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 41
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000003563 vegetarian diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000124001 Alcyonacea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004172 nitrogen cycle Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 abstract 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000238634 Libellulidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000272165 Charadriidae Species 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000242757 Anthozoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000306250 Chromis chromis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000500600 Halichoeres Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000551708 Lamprolia victoriae Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001143928 Psilurus incurvus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003793 Rhizophora mangle Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000120622 Rhizophoraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000305776 Rynchops Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494106 Stenotomus chrysops Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000669244 Unaspis euonymi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013872 defecation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of coral reef system and its construction method for simulating natural ecological environment, aquarium market, the research and application of coral reef ecosystem are widely used in.A kind of coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment, including main Coral Reef Region, alluvion area, decanting zone, mangrove and sand bed system, algae bed system, coral group.Meanwhile, additionally provide the construction method of this coral reef landscape system.The nitrobacteria system perfect by building, flow promoter system, alluvion band, algae bed, mangrove, sand bed system, the configuration successful of coral group simulate a variety of bioprocess in marine coral reef, the manual maintenance of large scale equipment and high intensity is finally replaced, success keeps the condition of water quality that coral needs for a long time in the case of high biological density, and the coral speed of growth in its natural state and the final landscape and function for highly reducing wild coral reef are realized, there is important meaning to all types of aquariums and artificial coral cultural technique and research.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of coral reef system and its construction method for simulating natural ecological environment, it is widely used in
Aquarium market, the research and application of coral reef ecosystem.
Background technology
Coral reef is the mostly important ecosystem in ocean, has high scientific value to the research of coral reef, but
It is due to the uncontrollable and uncertainty of ocean overall situation, the correlative study for carrying out coral is also just extremely limited, and is sought
The artificial coral reef system for asking controllable high reduction is also research direction important at present.
Artificial coral reef systems technology is always domestic short slab, can realize that the system that live body coral is raised is generally at this stage
Family type, the i.e. scale compared with small size pond, and need by a large amount of expensive equipment and frequently change water and maintain coral to need
The high-quality water quality wanted.And the cleaning needed due to coral to be maintained and the water quality of low nutrition, it is difficult to ensureing coral
Substantial amounts of fish are raised in the case of stock, therefore the scape of high bio-diversity and high biological density in ocean can not be realized
See.
Due to maintaining the high cost and higher technical requirements of water quality, at home in aquarium, coral reef landscape is basic
It is that the coral model that such as plastics or resin make is come what is realized, and only live body coral also can only be by very by false coral
Small aquarium is shown, and species is extremely limited.Particularly large ocean shop, the large-scale of nature coral reef can be simulated completely
The ecosystem does not occur also.
Topmost reason is that requirement of the coral to water quality is very strict, on earth, and also only 3% marine site is adapted to coral
Existence, therefore the root problem of guarantee coral survival is exactly the control to water quality under artificial environment.In ocean, because its is huge
Big water and abundant ecological environment and bio-diversity, can provide stable and comfortable life cycle for coral reef biology
Border.But under artificial environment, due to limited water body and the environment of closing, maintain high-quality seawater quality to be for a long time
Relatively difficult.Relying primarily on the water treatment facilities of costliness at this stage and frequently changing water quality to realize.Due to fish
Class can into water defecation, these excrement or metabolic waste can gradually be accumulated in water and caused nitrogenous and phosphorous organic in seawater
Thing is more and more, these nutritive salt can cause coral can not healthy living, too high concentration even can kill coral.Therefore simulate
The landscape of a large amount of fish just more increases the difficulty for maintaining water quality in ocean.The water quality in marine site is maintained excellent where coral reef
Matter is in addition to the huge water body amount in ocean, and the various biological functions of exercising also including microorganism are also of crucial importance.
The content of the invention
According to above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment and its structure side
Method.By the technology, can effective simulation natural ecological environment coral reef system, for all types of aquarium or ocean
Shop is built with very important meaning.
Technical scheme is as follows：
It is a kind of simulate natural ecological environment coral reef system, be broadly divided into main Coral Reef Region (1), alluvion area (2),
Decanting zone (3), mangrove and sand bed system (4), algae bed system (5), coral group, each system is designed with illumination system, described
Main Coral Reef Region (1) include weak current area between various flow promoter system, high seas area, reef, by reef (11), pipeline (12),
Water pump (13), Protein Skimmer and thermostatic equipment (14) and illumination system composition, pipeline (12) connect water pump in water inlet
(13), and by multiple pipelines (12) it is embedded in reef (11), Protein Skimmer (14) and thermostatic equipment (15) and water pump
(13) connect, high seas area is sequentially connected decanting zone (3), mangrove and sand bed system (4) afterwards close to alluvion area (2), and
Algae bed system (5), finally constitutes a circulatory system with main Coral Reef Region (1), and coral group is distributed in the whole circulatory system.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction method for the coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment, comprises the following steps：
1) reefs landscape and undercurrent pipeline are built, and illumination is 14000K or daylight,
2) structure of Fish Communities, builds Fish Communities, mainly including large-scale vegetarian diet fish, small-sized vegetarian diet fish, small-sized
Carnivorous fish and small-sized omnivorous fish,
3) structure of nitrobacterias system,
4) alluvions area is built, and illumination is 14000K or daylight,
5) algaes bed system is built, and illumination is 6000K or daylight,
6) corals group builds, including microhydra body stone matter coral, big hydranth stone matter coral and soft coral are taken
Build, illumination be 14000K or daylight,
7) sand beds and mangrove system are built, and illumination is 6000K or daylight.
Further, the structure of described nitrification, also comprises the following steps：Utilize the drying reef on islands and reefs in ocean
Stone, or by the use of cement and resin etc. substitute as the bacterium bed of bacterium, building system initial stage, excretion started in fish
Initial stage carry out first time bacterium and introduce a fine variety, to open nitrogen cycle；Second of bacterium is carried out when detecting nitrate in water to introduce a fine variety,
To obtain stronger nitrification；Coral biotic population builds the perfect third time bacterium of progress afterwards and introduced a fine variety, to balance again
The input and output of nitrogen.
The structure of described nitrification, first planting method be using fritter natural coral reef reef or, make later
With the reef in the manual system built.
In ocean, nitrogen by heterotrophicy bacteria, nitrite bacteria, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria effect, by different
Support bacterium and waste and excreta are converted into poisonous ammonia, then poisonous nitrite is converted into by nitrosification, afterwards
The nitrate of low toxicity is converted into by nitrobacteria, nontoxic nitrogen is converted into finally by denitrification and enters air
In.The wherein product of links such as nitrate can also be utilized by other biological.The bacterium of these types is general in coral reef
Live in reef surface or gap, it is a duplication nitrobacteria system the most direct that reef, which is directly placed into manual system,
Method, still, in reef also bring along largely harmful biology, and the reef transported for long-distance can accumulate substantial amounts of biological corpse
Body and waste, most importantly the reef of a large amount of exploitation coral reefs is the very big destruction to coral reef ecologic system.
The present invention utilizes the drying reef on islands and reefs in some oceans, or is made using the substitute of cement and resin etc.
For the bacterium bed of bacterium, system initial stage is being built, a bacterium is being carried out and introduces a fine variety, followed with opening nitrogen the initial stage for starting excretion in fish
Ring, planting method is the natural coral reef reef using fritter first, and the reef in the manual system built can be used later
Stone, carries out second of bacterium and introduces a fine variety, to obtain stronger nitrification when nitrate is detected in water.Fish assemblage has been built
Carry out third time bacterium after kind to introduce a fine variety, input and output to balance nitrogen again.
Meanwhile, the present invention builds substantial amounts of low-oxygen environment and half-light region in systems, is that nitrate participation is denitrifying
Anaerobic bacteria provides living environment.Denitrification is accelerated in effect by adding organic carbon source and most nitrate is changed into nitrogen at last
Gas discharge system, keeps the low nutrition state of system.
Further, described flow promoter system is, by being embedded to pipeline in reef, multidirectional current to be manufactured using water pump,
Shallow sea is simulated to the water circulation at deep-sea, the water flow simulation sea of intermittent or oscillatory is created in open area by making unrestrained water pump
Wave.
Pipeline is embedded in reef, multidirectional current are created using water pump, the water circulation in simulation shallow sea to deep-sea,
The debirs of bloom band are transported to half-light region, allow the nitrobacteria for living in half-light environment to produce nitrate, then nitric acid
Salt is transported to planktonic organism, and the region of coral and algal grown is utilized for it, and unnecessary nitrate is being transported to anaerobic zone
It is converted into nitrogen.The effect for making the water flow simulation wave that unrestrained water pump creates intermittent or oscillatory in open area is crossed, to ensure
Current needed for coral growth, and alluvion band is worked.
Further, the structure of described alluvion system is to dispose ramp shaped structure in the stronger position of wave.
Preferably, the structure of described algae bed is by building space in the algae bottom of plantation, and under space
Side's laying sea sand.
Algae is to control one of important biomolecule of water eutrophication in ocean, and the present invention in manual system by planting
Substantial amounts of algae, which effectively eliminates, can turn into the food of phytophagous fish after eutrophy, and algal grown.
Method different from planting algae simply in aquarium, the present invention has built space in algae bottom, and in sky
Laying sea sand below gap, this causes this layer of space to form a low-oxygen environment at night, to live in detesting in lower floor's sea sand
Oxygen bacterium provides denitrifying condition.
In ocean, coastal region and submerged reef, palisades are washed away by wave can grow substantial amounts of tide alga, these
Algae can quickly absorb nitrogen substance and phosphate superfluous in water.The present invention passes through the stronger position of the wave in manual system
Ramp shaped structure is disposed, allows current to wash away its surface repeatedly to grow tide alga.Because water can be stopped between the space of algae
For a period of time so that algae can have more times to absorb eutrophy, efficiency is higher than the algae for being traditionally used for sewage disposal
Screen system (ATS), can nourish planktonic organism, and taken back in system for coral predation by wave in addition between algae space.
Further, described sand bed and mangrove system, are by setting an area of slack water beside settling zone, slow
Gradually thicker shell sand is laid in stream area from top to bottom, and in built on stilts one three to the five centimetres space of coarse sand lower floor so that water
Can slowly it permeate from top to bottom；And plant mangrove in sand bed.
Sand bed is the important place of denitrification in ocean, and substantial amounts of sand bed biology also provides for many fish in addition
Food, the excreta of fish also can be by sand bed biological utilisation.
In manual system, the present invention allows substantial amounts of nutritive salt at this by setting an area of slack water in sand bed system
Area deposition, gradually thicker shell sand is laid in this region from top to bottom, so that oxygen is gradually consumed from top to bottom,
Low-oxygen environment is formed between the thicker husky space of lower floor so that denitrification process is achieved.Coarse sand lower floor is built on stilts one
3cm to 5cm space so that water can slowly permeate from top to bottom.
Mangrove is general to be grown in river entrance or seashore intertidal zone, and abundant root system can absorb eutrophy.It is logical
Cross and mangrove is planted in sand bed so that comprising nitrate in system, the nutritive salt such as sulfide that anaerobic bacteria produces can be quick
And concentrate by mangrove Root Absorption.
Further, coral group builds, main to include being carried out according to the actual landscape of wild coral reef all over the world
The collocation of coral species and topological structure are built, and include the dispensing of soft coral and stone matter coral；According to the fish of actual coral reef
Composition carries out Fish Communities landscape and built, including large-scale vegetarian diet fish, and small-sized vegetarian diet fish, small-sized carnivorous fish are small-sized omnivorous
Fish；According to the structure of community of wild coral reef, introducing includes cleaning, and scavenging eats the invertebrate of the functions such as algae；Using come
From the planktonic organism of natural surroundings, plankton community is built.The presence of coral reef except coral in itself, abundant two packing spaces
Property also play the effect of key, each trophic level collectively constituted complete coral reef ecologic system.
Planktonic organism is one of important food source of coral, although most energy all passes through phycobiont photosynthesis
Supply, but sufficient planktonic organism can make the more preferable resist the disease of coral and obtain the faster speed of growth.
The present invention combines the void area in alluvion, algae bed in artificial coral reef system, and by water in reef
The nutriment come from half-light zone is flowed, has ensured that planktonic organism fully can breed and spread so that in whole system all the time
There can be the planktonic organism of certain density.
In artificial coral reef system, each biology has respective function, due to can be good in control water
Eutrophy, the present invention can farthest simulate the bio-diversity structure of wild coral reef, be given birth to by introducing a variety of scavengings
Thing, phytophagous is biological, and carnivorous biology enables to manual system to obtain higher " automation " ability, to control harmful organism
Go out to play the role of with balance Nutrient Transportation positive.In addition, high two packing spaces can make system preferably resist extraneous interference
And influence, obtain more preferable stability.
The operation principle of the present invention：
The nitrobacteria system perfect by building, flow promoter system, alluvion band, algae bed, mangrove, sand bed system, coral
The configuration successful of coral group simulates a variety of bioprocess in marine coral reef.By the research of 8 years, inventor was to coral reef
In various biological functions in depth explored, to including microorganism, algae, fish, invertebrate, the life of coral etc.
Many experiments have been carried out in thing effect, finally to nitrogen cycle, the input and output of nutrition, the structure of trophic level, interbiotic phase
Situation of the interaction all in ocean is successfully simulated.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Perfect nitrobacteria system, flow promoter system, alluvion band, algae bed, mangrove, sand bed system are built by the present invention
System, planktonic organism system and bio-diversity structure successfully simulate a variety of bioprocess in marine coral reef, finally take
For large scale equipment and artificial changing water, success keeps what coral needed for a long time in the case of high biological density (including fish)
Condition of water quality, so that coral can realize the speed of growth in its natural state substantially and finally highly reduce wild coral reef
Landscape and function.
Each biological link realizes the artificial environment built and met needed for coral growth in first passage simulation coral reef.Go
Dependence except changing large scale equipment and high frequency water, this manual system is no longer influenced by the limitation of cost and water body amount, in building
On the premise of conditions permit, the water body amount of any size can be realized in theory, be one for the construction in large ocean shop
No small progress.
By successfully controlling the input and output of nutrition, the present invention solves fish biomass and coral under artificial environment first
The contradiction of coral survival, the landscape that the simulation shoal of fish and dense coral coexist has been able to realize.
The present invention can realize the control to artificial coral reef system, Neng Gouwei by the regulation and control to each bioprocess
Scientific research provides platform
Artificial environment is not influenceed and limitation by natural conditions, adds the characteristics of height reduces wild coral reef, Neng Gouwei
The preservation of coral reef germplasm and recovery offer condition.The high artificial coral reef system of reduction degree can provide real coral for aquarium
Reef landscape, can allow people to go to the marine style and features with regard to that can see coral reef, can be provided while making up domestic blank
More accurate and professional ocean science popularization.The high artificial coral reef system of reduction degree can for coral reef research provide Scientific Research Platform with
Germ plasm resource, and protected for coral reef and recover to provide germplasm preservation and seedling is put in open country.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coral reef system of the present invention,
Marked wherein in figure：The main Coral Reef Regions of 1-, 2- alluvions area, 3- decanting zones, 4- mangroves and sand bed system, 5- algaes
Bed system, 11- reefs, 12- pipelines, 13- water pumps, 14- Protein Skimmers and thermostatic equipment.
Embodiment：
The present invention is described in further detail for specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The coral reef landscape system of the simulating natural environment of embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment, is broadly divided into main Coral Reef Region 1, wave punching
Area 2, decanting zone 3, mangrove and sand bed system 4, algae bed system 5 are brushed, coral group, each system is designed with illumination system, described
Main Coral Reef Region 1 include weak current area between various flow promoter system, high seas area, reef, by reef 11, pipeline 12, water pump 13,
Protein Skimmer and thermostatic equipment 14 and illumination system composition, pipeline 12 connect water pump 13 in water inlet, and by multiple pipes
In the embedment of road 12 reef 11, Protein Skimmer 14 and thermostatic equipment 15 are connected with water pump 13, and high seas area is close to alluvion
Area 2, is sequentially connected decanting zone 3, mangrove and sand bed system 4, and algae bed system 5 afterwards, finally constitutes one with main Coral Reef Region 1
The individual circulatory system, coral group is distributed in the whole circulatory system.The structure of the coral reef system of the simulating natural environment of embodiment 2
Method
Mainly include the following steps that：
First, reef landscape and undercurrent pipeline are built, and introduce current.Many pipelines are embedded in artificial reef,
Polymodal current is manufactured using water pump, the water circulation in simulation shallow sea to deep-sea is created intermittently by making unrestrained water pump in open area
Property or oscillatory water flow simulation wave, intensity of illumination be 14000K or daylight.Then, the structure of Fish Communities, simulates ocean
In the shoal of fish, build Fish Communities, mainly including large-scale vegetarian diet fish, small-sized vegetarian diet fish, small-sized carnivorous fish are small-sized omnivorous
Fish.
Carry out nitrobacteria again first is introduced a fine variety, using the drying reef on islands and reefs in ocean, or using cement and
The substitute of resin etc. as bacterium bacterium bed.Start the initial stage of excretion in fish, carry out first time bacterium and introduce a fine variety, to open nitrogen
Circulation；The natural coral reef reef for preferably using fritter is introduced a fine variety first.
Again, building for alluvion area is carried out, alluvion area is constituted in the stronger position placement ramp shaped structure of wave.
Second of bacterium is introduced a fine variety, when detecting nitrate in water, carries out second of bacterium and introduces a fine variety, stronger to obtain
Nitrification；The natural coral reef reef of the reef or fritter that can use in the manual system built is introduced a fine variety for the second time.
Building for algae bed system is carried out again, is spread by building space in the algae bottom of plantation, and below space
If sea sand, intensity of illumination is 6000K or daylight.
After being ready to, the configuration of coral group and building for sand bed and mangrove are carried out, intensity of illumination is 6000K or day
Light.Sand bed and mangrove system, are by setting area of slack water beside settling zone, while being laid from top to bottom gradually in area of slack water
Thicker shell is husky, and makes somebody a mere figurehead 1 3-5cm space in coarse sand lower floor so that water can slowly permeate from top to bottom；And in sand
Layer plantation mangrove.Described coral is biocenological to be built, and is mainly included planktonic organism and is introduced a variety of saprophages, phytophagous
Biology, carnivorous biology, it is main include according to the actual landscape of wild coral reef all over the world carry out coral species collocation and
Topological structure is built, and includes the dispensing of soft coral and stone matter coral；Fish Communities are carried out according to the fish composition of actual coral reef
Landscape is built, including large-scale vegetarian diet fish, such as single angle nose fish, silk tail nose fish etc., small-sized vegetarian diet fish, such as yellow high ray tail
Fish, intends thorn tail porgy etc., small-sized carnivorous fish, such as piebald connects finYellow body Halichoeres etc., small-sized omnivorous fish, such as damselfish
Each species of section；According to the structure of community of wild coral reef, introducing includes cleaning, and scavenging eats the invertebrate of the functions such as algae, all
As whip grass shrimp belongs to each species；Using the planktonic organism from natural surroundings, plankton community is built.
Coral biotic population is built improve after carry out third time bacterium and introduce a fine variety, to balance the input of nitrogen again and defeated
Go out.Third time introduces a fine variety the natural coral reef reef of the reef or fritter that can use in the manual system built.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment, it is characterised in that be broadly divided into main Coral Reef Region (1), wave
Area (2), decanting zone (3), mangrove and sand bed system (4) are washed away, algae bed system (5), coral group, each system is designed with illumination
System, described main Coral Reef Region (1) includes the weak current area between various flow promoter system, high seas area, reef, by reef (11),
Pipeline (12), water pump (13), Protein Skimmer and thermostatic equipment (14) and illumination system composition, pipeline (12) is in water inlet
Water pump (13) is connected, and multiple pipelines (12) are embedded in reef (11), Protein Skimmer (14) and thermostatic equipment (15)
It is connected with water pump (13), high seas area is sequentially connected decanting zone (3), mangrove and sand bed system afterwards close to alluvion area (2)
(4) a circulatory system finally, and algae bed system (5), is constituted with main Coral Reef Region (1), coral group, which is distributed in, entirely to follow
In loop system.
2. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
1), reef and undercurrent pipeline are built, and illumination is 14000K or daylight,
2), the structure of Fish Communities, builds Fish Communities, mainly including large-scale vegetarian diet fish, small-sized vegetarian diet fish, small-sized meat
Fish and small-sized omnivorous fish,
3), the structure of nitrobacteria system,
4), alluvion area is built, and illumination is 14000K or daylight,
5), algae bed system is built, and illumination is 6000K or daylight,
6), coral group is built, including microhydra body stone matter coral, big hydranth stone matter coral and soft coral are built,
Illumination be 14000K or daylight,
7), sand bed and mangrove system are built, and illumination is 6000K or daylight.
3. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
The structure for the nitrification stated, also comprises the following steps：Using the drying reef on islands and reefs in ocean, or using cement and
The substitute of resin etc. is building system initial stage as the bacterium bed of bacterium, and the initial stage for starting excretion in fish carries out thin for the first time
Bacterium is introduced a fine variety, to open nitrogen cycle；Second of bacterium is carried out when detecting nitrate in water to introduce a fine variety, and is made with obtaining stronger nitrification
With；Coral biotic population builds the perfect third time bacterium of progress afterwards and introduced a fine variety, input and output to balance nitrogen again.
4. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute
The structure for the nitrification stated, planting method is using the natural coral reef reef of fritter or using the artificial system built first
Reef in system, later using the reef in the manual system built.
5. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
The flow promoter system stated is, by being embedded to pipeline in reef, multidirectional current, the water in simulation shallow sea to deep-sea to be manufactured using water pump
Stream circulation, the water flow simulation wave of intermittent or oscillatory is created by making unrestrained water pump in open area.
6. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
The structure for the alluvion system stated is to dispose ramp shaped structure in the stronger position of wave.
7. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is to build space by the algae bottom in plantation that the algae bed system stated, which is built, and lays below space sea sand.
8. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
The sand bed and mangrove system stated, be by setting area of slack water beside settling zone, while laid from top to bottom in area of slack water by
The thick shell of gradual change is husky, and makes somebody a mere figurehead 3cm to 5cm space in coarse sand lower floor so that water can slowly permeate from top to bottom；
And plant mangrove in sand bed.
9. the construction method of the coral reef system of simulation natural ecological environment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
The coral stated is biocenological to be built, main to include carrying out coral species according to the actual landscape of wild coral reef all over the world
Collocation and topological structure are built, and include the dispensing of soft coral and stone matter coral；Fish is carried out according to the fish composition of actual coral reef
Class group builds, including large-scale vegetarian diet fish, small-sized vegetarian diet fish, small-sized carnivorous fish, small-sized omnivorous fish；According to wild coral
The structure of community of coral reef, introducing includes cleaning, and scavenging eats the invertebrate of the functions such as algae；Utilize floating from natural surroundings
Trip is biological, builds plankton community.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710440922.8A CN107197805B (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710440922.8A CN107197805B (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107197805A true CN107197805A (en) | 2017-09-26 |
| CN107197805B CN107197805B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
Family
ID=59906671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710440922.8A Active CN107197805B (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Coral reef system for simulating natural ecological environment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107197805B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110781353A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Coral reef fish competition pressure query and resource allocation method based on competition graph |
| CN111771793A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-16 | 南通大学 | Method for breeding neobran shrimps with brown black color |
| CN112314479A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-05 | 北京师范大学 | Monitoring and analyzing method for foraging-refuge balanced behavior of reef fishes |
| CN114208727A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-22 | 东南大学 | Modularized closed coral culture system |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08112048A (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-05-07 | Oni Kobo:Kk | Coral reef and its creation |
| CN102067824A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-05-25 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Closed circulating seawater prawn pond culture system |
| CN102845346A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-02 | 汪远 | Closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and device system |
| CN103698361A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-02 | 上海交通大学 | Model test device and method for researching growth influence factors of artificial coral reef |
| CN103843705A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-11 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Method for efficiently cultivating young penaeus japonicus |
| CN203661815U (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-06-25 | 琼州学院 | Indoor mariculture ecological circulatory system |
| CN104478350A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 海南大学 | Preparation method of seawater corrosion-preventive cement for marine multiplication and cultivation and marine ecological engineering |
| CN105557573A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 朱祖阳 | Artificial shallow sea ecosystem marine ranch |
| CN106797896A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 海南大学 | A kind of new seawater cleaning mode and its application in scientific research is cultivated with coral |
-
2017
- 2017-06-13 CN CN201710440922.8A patent/CN107197805B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08112048A (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1996-05-07 | Oni Kobo:Kk | Coral reef and its creation |
| CN102067824A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-05-25 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Closed circulating seawater prawn pond culture system |
| CN102845346A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-02 | 汪远 | Closed seawater ecological recirculating aquiculture method and device system |
| CN103698361A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-02 | 上海交通大学 | Model test device and method for researching growth influence factors of artificial coral reef |
| CN103843705A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-11 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Method for efficiently cultivating young penaeus japonicus |
| CN203661815U (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-06-25 | 琼州学院 | Indoor mariculture ecological circulatory system |
| CN104478350A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 海南大学 | Preparation method of seawater corrosion-preventive cement for marine multiplication and cultivation and marine ecological engineering |
| CN105557573A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 朱祖阳 | Artificial shallow sea ecosystem marine ranch |
| CN106797896A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 海南大学 | A kind of new seawater cleaning mode and its application in scientific research is cultivated with coral |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110781353A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Coral reef fish competition pressure query and resource allocation method based on competition graph |
| CN111771793A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-16 | 南通大学 | Method for breeding neobran shrimps with brown black color |
| CN112314479A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-05 | 北京师范大学 | Monitoring and analyzing method for foraging-refuge balanced behavior of reef fishes |
| CN112314479B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-08-31 | 北京师范大学 | Monitoring and analyzing method for foraging-refuge balanced behavior of reef fishes |
| CN114208727A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-22 | 东南大学 | Modularized closed coral culture system |
| CN114208727B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-05-12 | 东南大学 | Modularized airtight coral culture system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107197805B (en) | 2020-09-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Ryther et al. | Controlled eutrophication—increasing food production from the sea by recycling human wastes | |
| CN104255632B (en) | The intelligent organic prawn ecology rearing device of totally-enclosed full impregnated light | |
| Todd et al. | The design of living technologies for waste treatment | |
| CN101933489B (en) | Water circulation system and method for breeding marine fishes inland | |
| New | Farming freshwater prawns: a manual for the culture of the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) | |
| CN101575144B (en) | Method for repairing water ecology | |
| CN104542423A (en) | Cellular totally-closed recirculating aquaculture system device | |
| CN102124974B (en) | Method for artificially breeding seed of spotted maigre | |
| KR101489660B1 (en) | METHOD FOR CULTUERING CATADROMOUS FISH(Anguilla marmorata) BY USING RECIRCULATING AQUACULTUER SYSTEM AND SEAWATER ACCLIMATION | |
| CN108401970A (en) | A kind of fishes and shrimps algae Bao ginseng recirculated water ecology synthesis cultivating system | |
| CN107197805A (en) | A kind of coral reef system and its construction method for simulating natural ecological environment | |
| Caduto | Pond and Brook: a guide to nature in freshwater environments | |
| CN106614227A (en) | Land-based seawater multi-trophic-level composite ecological breeding system | |
| CN109626766A (en) | A kind of ecology of urban river is regulated and stored the construction method in lake | |
| CN104686427A (en) | Intensive ecological culture method for trachidermus fasciatus | |
| CN105540855A (en) | Combined biomanipulation method for water-area ecological restoration | |
| Gao et al. | Transitions, challenges and trends in China's abalone culture industry | |
| CN105557569A (en) | Pond culture method for Mastacembelus armatus | |
| CN101779595B (en) | Method for implanting and cultivating Gracilaria bursa-pastoris in north pond | |
| CN208273900U (en) | A kind of fishes and shrimps algae Bao ginseng recirculated water ecology synthesis cultivating system | |
| Yamashita et al. | On-site resources availability for space agriculture on Mars | |
| CN213881396U (en) | Annual large-scale aquaculture system for snail and shellfish aquatic products | |
| Jadhav | Aquaculture technology and environment | |
| Ryther | Recycling human wastes to enhance food production from the sea | |
| CN112106706A (en) | Large-scale aquaculture technology for snail and shellfish aquatic products and annual production system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20221201 Address after: No. 160, Zongshuying, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan 650223 Patentee after: Luo Jie Address before: No. 601, Unit 5, Building A, Donglucheng Commercial and Residential Building, Lujiaying, Xinwen Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650000 Patentee before: KUNMING TOULING TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |