CN102388781A - High-vertical-rack grape cultivation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-vertical-rack grape cultivation method, which comprises the following steps that after young shoots grow out of a grape seedling, a robust shoot is selected, guided and tied on a vertical bar and is used as a trunk to cultivate, and when the trunk grows to an extent exceeding a bearing line, the top end of the trunk is removed and pinched; side shoots below pinching positions are selected as a main vine to cultivate along the direction of the bearing line and are tied on the bearing line; medium and short shoot branch groups are cultivated on the two sides of the main vine in a staggered way, buds on the branch groups are cultivated as bearing branches or foliage branches, the foliage branches and preparatory branches are not specially cultivated, all bearing branches and foliage branches on the branch groups are not artificially tied and bearing branches which bear fruits in the same year are used as permanent bearing branches to cultivate; and when the young shoots of the medium and short shoot branch groups are semi-lignified, the young shoots are kept to grow horizontally or obliquely downwards through artificial shoot twisting. Compared with the existing grape cultivation rack cultivation method, the high-vertical-rack grape cultivation method has the advantages that more labor and line materials are saved, the mechanical pruning is facilitated, the growth vigor is naturally alleviated, the development of branches is good, the quality of fruits is high, the high yield and the stable yield are facilitated and the popularization and the implementation are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grape cultivation method, especially a kind of high vertical posture grape cultivation method.
Background technology
Traditional viticulture posture has hedge frame, frame, and drills the living single stand that forms, two stand, T type frame, diesis frame, greenhouse frame, pony set, canopy stand etc. by this type posture.As: wide top hedge frame (T type frame); Add a 60-100 centimetre of cross bar at the top of single hedge post setting, make hedge frame section be the T font, draw 1-2 road lifting-line in the upstanding portion of pillar; Respectively draw one city online at the two ends of cross bar; Grape level dragon does first bondage on the pillar galvanized wire, and the young sprout that the short bearing basal shoot on dragon does grows draws earlier to be tied up on the twice galvanized wire on the cross bar, and then sagging naturally growth.Adopt existing viticulture posture to produce; The season of growth needs more manual work to carry out 2-3 bondage young sprout and pinching pruning work respectively; To the vigorous grape variety of growth potential, it is more that input is tied up the manual work of the tip, pinching, trimming leaf, can't pass through plant shoot growth direction control growing gesture; And be not easy to mechanization and prune, it is more that unit are drops into wire rod.One Chinese patent application 201010033322.8 discloses a kind of trellis type grape cultivation method attempts to address the above problem, but still has big, the problems such as the wire rod aequum is many, method complicacy of artificial input amount.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of high vertical posture grape cultivation method, compares with existing posture grape cultivation method: at first be through the short-and-medium tip branch group of staggered cultivation the master of grape is climing; Fruit bearing shoot or vegetative shoot are cultivated in rudiment on the short-and-medium tip branch group, do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially, and fruit bearing shoot is cultivated as nonvolatil fruit bearing shoot then, and all fruit bearing shoot and vegetative shoot need not artificial bondages on the short-and-medium tip branch group; Remove the whole rudiments on the non-short-and-medium tip branch group, the vertical growth and the reservation young sprout of growth obliquely when short-and-medium tip branch group young sprout semi-lignified, are turned round the tip with manual work and are made its maintenance level or oblique downward growth on the short-and-medium tip branch group.Save artificial, wire rod more, make things convenient for that mechanization is pruned, natural slow growth gesture, branch development is good, and fruit quality is good, and yielding ability, yield stability are good, easy to utilize.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Realize by means of the lifting-line that is provided with between support column that is provided with in the vineyard and the support column, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
1) young sprout of selecting and remain behind the grape seedlings shoot growth draws and ties up on the up-and-down rod, cultivates as trunk, makes the trunk vertical growth; When the trunk growth surpasses lifting-line; With trunk pinching without offspring, the pinching mouth top sublateral shoot of selecting and remain is cultivated along the lifting-line direction as the master is climing, main climing being strapped on the lifting-line;
2) the short-and-medium tip branch group of staggered cultivation in main climing both sides;
3) fruit bearing shoot or vegetative shoot are cultivated in the rudiment on the short-and-medium tip branch group, do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially, and fruit bearing shoot is cultivated as nonvolatil fruit bearing shoot then, and all fruit bearing shoot and vegetative shoot need not artificial bondages on the short-and-medium tip branch group;
4) remove whole rudiments on the non-short-and-medium tip branch group, the vertical growth and the reservation young sprout of growth obliquely on the short-and-medium tip branch group; When short-and-medium tip branch group young sprout semi-lignified, turn round the tip with manual work and make its maintenance level or oblique downward growth.
Said master is climing apart from ground 1.5-2 rice.
Said master is climing to be 1 to 2.
Cause the tendril that branch twines the influence growth each other to use the artificial removal on the said short-and-medium tip branch group.
In operation period, after the rudiment of said fruit bearing shoot group, decide the tip by 15-25 centimetre of bud picking of sagging young sprout spacing, when sagging local overstocked the causing when covering near ground or when being wound to adjacent lines or between young sprout in the top of young sprout, with this part young sprout removal.
Said trunk draws to tie up whenever to draw at a distance from 30-40 centimetre on the up-and-down rod to be tied up once.
The mutual spacing of said short-and-medium tip branch group is 25-40 centimetre.
Said short-and-medium tip branch group keeps 4 young sprouts.
Implementation procedure of the present invention is: utilize the characteristic of grape growth, the treelet phase is utilized the strong characteristic of young sprout vertical growth apical dominance, accelerates to cultivate trunk with main climing, and main climing going up cultivated short-and-medium tip branch group.When the young sprout semi-lignified of short-and-medium tip branch group growth, turn round the tip with manual work and make its maintenance level or oblique downward growth, make the young sprout of short-and-medium tip branch group become to set age oblique growth down operation period, thereby make apical dominance weaken natural slow growth gesture.The fruit bearing shoot of short-and-medium tip branch group need not artificial bondage, and under the influence of fruit gravity, fruit bearing shoot is sagging naturally, helps photosynthetic product and is transported to fruit bearing shoot, and fruit yield is improved, and has reduced the situation that shoot growth shades each other.Do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially, as the bearing basal shoot of next year, the hibernaculum of fruit bearing shoot young sprout base portion grows better because of the form position becomes upperly by the next with fruit bearing shoot then, and the fruit quality of bearing the coming year is good, therefore can get bumper crops, stable yields year after year.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect thereof: the present invention realized in posture viticulture production link, reducing labor workload, reduce built wire rod cost, reduce manual work manages and protects link and cost; Make the grapevine knot fruit branch sagging naturally, the situation that the minimizing shoot growth shades each other, nutrient and the moisture that trunk is absorbed arrive the grapevine knot fruit branch more easily, make grape fruit best in quality; With fruit bearing shoot then as the bearing basal shoot of next year; The hibernaculum of fruit bearing shoot young sprout base portion grows better because of the form position becomes upperly by the next, and the fruit quality of bearing the coming year is good; Therefore can get bumper crops year after year, stable yields, the yield and quality of grape all is greatly improved.The present invention possesses following advantage:
1. without bondage vegetative shoot and fruit bearing shoot, saving is pruned artificial and is tied up the artificial 50-70% of the tip, and saving built wire rod is artificial more than 50% with built more than 60%.
2. open a business to the left and right behind the staggered short-and-medium tip branch group shoot growth of cultivating and sagging, avoided the situation of shading each other, the young sprout tree crown is increased more than 50%, let fruit raising the output 10-30%.To eugonic grape variety, natural slow growth gesture is more than 50%.
3. sagging naturally young sprout is shorter, be convenient to mechanization prune with.
4. make things convenient for management operations such as field farming.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of the specific embodiment of the invention.
The 1st, support column, the 2nd, lifting-line, the 3rd, trunk, the 4th, up-and-down rod, the 5th, main climing, the 6th, short-and-medium tip branch group, the 7th, soil.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment invention is further specified.
Figure one is a kind of embodiment of the high posture grape cultivation method that hangs down, and realizes by means of the lifting-line that is provided with between support column that is provided with in the vineyard 1 and the support column 12, carries out according to following step:
1) young sprout of selecting and remain behind the grape seedlings shoot growth draws and ties up on the up-and-down rod, cultivates as trunk 3, makes trunk 3 vertical growths; Trunk 3 draws to tie up whenever to draw at a distance from 30 centimetres on the up-and-down rod 4 to be tied up once, when trunk 3 growths surpass lifting-line 2, with trunk 3 pinching without offspring; The pinching mouth top sublateral shoot of selecting and remain is cultivated along lifting-line 2 directions as main climing 5, and main climing 5 are strapped on the lifting-line 2, and lifting-line is set to apart from 1.5 meters on ground; Main climing 5 apart from 1.5 meters on ground
2) press the short-and-medium tip branch group 6 of the staggered cultivation of grape variety characteristic in main climing 5 both sides, it is 25 centimetres that short-and-medium tip branch is organized 6 mutual spacings,
3) grape variety characteristic cultivation results branch or vegetative shoot are pressed in the rudiment on the short-and-medium tip branch group 6; Do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially; Fruit bearing shoot is cultivated as nonvolatil fruit bearing shoot then; All fruit bearing shoot and vegetative shoot need not artificial bondages on the short-and-medium tip branch group 6, cause the tendril that branch twines the influence growth each other to use the artificial removal
4) remove whole rudiments on the non-short-and-medium tip branch group 6, the branch group goes up vertical growth and the reservation young sprout of growing obliquely, and when short-and-medium tip branch is organized 6 semi-lignifieds, turn round the tip with manual work and make its maintenance level or oblique downward growth, and keep 4 young sprouts,
5), after the rudiment of said fruit bearing shoot group, decide the tip by 15 centimetres of bud pickings of sagging young sprout spacing, when sagging local overstocked the causing when covering near ground or when being wound to adjacent lines or between young sprout in the top of young sprout, with this part young sprout removal in operation period.
A kind of another kind of embodiment of high vertical posture grape cultivation method is realized by means of the lifting-line that is provided with between support column that is provided with in the vineyard 1 and the support column 12, carries out according to following step:
1) young sprout of selecting and remain behind the grape seedlings shoot growth draws and ties up on the up-and-down rod, cultivates as trunk 3, makes trunk 3 vertical growths; Trunk 3 draws to tie up whenever to draw at a distance from 40 centimetres on the up-and-down rod 4 to be tied up once, when trunk 3 growths surpass lifting-line 2, with trunk 3 pinching without offspring; The pinching mouth top sublateral shoot of selecting and remain is cultivated along lifting-line 2 directions as main climing 5; Lifting-line is set to apart from 2 meters on ground, and main climing 5 apart from 2 meters on ground
2) press the short-and-medium tip branch group 6 of the staggered cultivation of grape variety characteristic in main climing 5 both sides, it is 40 centimetres that short-and-medium tip branch is organized 6 mutual spacings,
3) grape variety characteristic cultivation results branch or vegetative shoot are pressed in the rudiment on the short-and-medium tip branch group 6; Do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially; Fruit bearing shoot is cultivated as nonvolatil fruit bearing shoot then; All fruit bearing shoot and vegetative shoot need not artificial bondages on the short-and-medium tip branch group 6, cause the tendril that branch twines the influence growth each other to use the artificial removal.4) remove whole rudiments on the non-short-and-medium tip branch group 6, the branch group goes up vertical growth and the reservation young sprout of growing obliquely, and when short-and-medium tip branch is organized 6 semi-lignifieds, turn round the tip with manual work and make its maintenance level or oblique downward growth, and keep 4 young sprouts,
5), after the rudiment of said fruit bearing shoot group, decide the tip by 25 centimetres of left and right sides bud pickings of sagging young sprout spacing, when sagging local overstocked the causing when covering near ground or when being wound to adjacent lines or between young sprout in the top of young sprout, with this part young sprout removal in operation period.
Realize by means of the lifting-line that is provided with between support column that is provided with in the vineyard 1 and the support column 12, carry out according to following step:
1) young sprout of selecting and remain behind the grape seedlings shoot growth draws and ties up on the up-and-down rod, cultivates as trunk 3, makes trunk 3 vertical growths; Trunk 3 draws to tie up whenever to draw at a distance from 35 centimetres on the up-and-down rod 4 to be tied up once, when trunk 3 growths surpass lifting-line 2, with trunk 3 pinching without offspring; The pinching mouth top sublateral shoot of selecting and remain is cultivated along lifting-line 2 directions as main climing 5; Lifting-line is set to apart from 1.75 meters on ground, and main climing 5 apart from 1.75 meters on ground
2) press the short-and-medium tip branch group 6 of the staggered cultivation of grape variety characteristic in main climing 5 both sides, it is 32.5 centimetres that short-and-medium tip branch is organized 6 mutual spacings,
3) grape variety characteristic cultivation results branch or vegetative shoot are pressed in the rudiment on the short-and-medium tip branch group 6; Do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially; Fruit bearing shoot is cultivated as nonvolatil fruit bearing shoot then; All fruit bearing shoot and vegetative shoot need not artificial bondages on the short-and-medium tip branch group 6, cause the tendril that branch twines the influence growth each other to use the artificial removal.4) remove whole rudiments on the non-short-and-medium tip branch group 6, the branch group goes up vertical growth and the reservation young sprout of growing obliquely, and when short-and-medium tip branch is organized 6 semi-lignifieds, turn round the tip with manual work and make its maintenance level or oblique downward growth, and keep 4 young sprouts,
5), after the rudiment of said fruit bearing shoot group, decide the tip by 20 centimetres of bud pickings of sagging young sprout spacing, when sagging local overstocked the causing when covering near ground or when being wound to adjacent lines or between young sprout in the top of young sprout, with this part young sprout removal in operation period.
Above content is to combine concrete preferred implementation to the further explain that the present invention did, and can not assert that practical implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the those of ordinary skill of technical field under the present invention, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind high vertical posture grape cultivation method is realized by means of the lifting-line (2) that is provided with between support column that is provided with in the vineyard (1) and the support column (1), it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
1) young sprout of selecting and remain behind the grape seedlings shoot growth draws and ties up on the up-and-down rod; Cultivate as trunk (3); Make trunk (3) vertical growth, when trunk (3) growth surpasses lifting-line (2), with trunk (3) pinching without offspring; The pinching mouth top sublateral shoot of selecting and remain is cultivated along lifting-line (2) direction as main climing (5), and main climing (5) are strapped on the lifting-line (2);
2) the staggered short-and-medium tip branch group (6) of cultivating in the both sides of main climing (5);
3) fruit bearing shoot or vegetative shoot are cultivated in the rudiment on the short-and-medium tip branch group (6), do not cultivate vegetative shoot and preparation branch specially, and fruit bearing shoot is cultivated as nonvolatil fruit bearing shoot then, and short-and-medium tip branch group (6) upward all fruit bearing shoot and vegetative shoot need not artificial bondage;
4) remove whole rudiments on the non-short-and-medium tip branch group (6), the vertical growth and the reservation young sprout of growth obliquely on the short-and-medium tip branch group; When short-and-medium tip branch group (6) young sprout semi-lignified, turn round the tip with manual work and make its maintenance level or oblique downward growth.
2. the height according to claim 1 posture grape cultivation method that hangs down, it is characterized in that: said master climing (5) is apart from ground 1.5-2 rice.
3. the height according to claim 1 posture grape cultivation method that hangs down, it is characterized in that: said master climing (5) is 1 to 2.
4. according to claim 1 or the vertical posture grape cultivation method of 2 or 3 described height, it is characterized in that: cause the tendril that branch twines the influence growth each other to use the artificial removal on the said short-and-medium tip branch group (6).
5. according to claim 1 or the vertical posture grape cultivation method of 2 or 3 described height; It is characterized in that: in operation period; After the rudiment of said fruit bearing shoot group; Decide the tip by 15-25 centimetre of bud picking of sagging young sprout spacing, when sagging local overstocked the causing when covering near ground or when being wound to adjacent lines or between young sprout in the top of young sprout, with this part young sprout removal.
6. according to claim 1 or the vertical posture grape cultivation method of 2 or 3 described height, it is characterized in that: said trunk (3) draws to tie up whenever to draw at a distance from 30-40 centimetre on the up-and-down rod (4) to be tied up once.
7. according to claim 1 or the vertical posture grape cultivation method of 2 or 3 described height, it is characterized in that: the mutual spacing of said short-and-medium tip branch group (6) is 25-40 centimetre.
8. according to claim 1 or the vertical posture grape cultivation method of 2 or 3 described height, it is characterized in that: said short-and-medium tip branch group (6) keeps 4 young sprouts.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823474A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2012-12-19 | 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 | Pruning manner for cabernet gernischt grape variety |
| CN103120111A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-05-29 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method suitable for northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation |
| CN103392554A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-20 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Balanced shaping and pruning method for grapevine |
| CN103518585A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 陈迷 | Field management method for increasing production of grapes |
| CN104160911A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 三都水族自治县葡萄研究所 | Crystal grape slope TU shape pruning technology |
| CN104303941A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-01-28 | 赵兰 | Planting method for promoting grape vine tree body and blossom buds to grow quickly |
| CN104885864A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-09 | 云南利农现代农业科技有限责任公司 | Grape flat suspended cultivation method |
| CN108293576A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A method of promoting high corridor grape fast shaping |
| CN108684431A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-23 | 宁夏华昊葡萄酒有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of vinifera |
| CN109729910A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-10 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | The long main stem fast culture process of native cultivation area grape horizontal is buried in a kind of north |
| CN109983980A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-09 | 上海马陆葡萄公园有限公司 | A kind of T shape grape is tree-like and forming method thereof |
| CN111264270A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Wide-row close planting cultivation tree form suitable for dry land apple orchard and cultivation method |
| CN111642320A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for cultivating grapes in rotation mode |
| CN115836629A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-03-24 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | Cultivation method of wine grapes suitable for high light and high temperature |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823474A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2012-12-19 | 中法合营王朝葡萄酿酒有限公司 | Pruning manner for cabernet gernischt grape variety |
| CN103120111B (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-12-10 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method suitable for northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation |
| CN103120111A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-05-29 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method suitable for northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation |
| CN103392554A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-20 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Balanced shaping and pruning method for grapevine |
| CN103518585A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 陈迷 | Field management method for increasing production of grapes |
| CN104160911B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-04-27 | 三都水族自治县葡萄研究所 | Crystal grape hillside fields TU shape pruning technique |
| CN104160911A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 三都水族自治县葡萄研究所 | Crystal grape slope TU shape pruning technology |
| CN104303941A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-01-28 | 赵兰 | Planting method for promoting grape vine tree body and blossom buds to grow quickly |
| CN104885864A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-09 | 云南利农现代农业科技有限责任公司 | Grape flat suspended cultivation method |
| CN108293576A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | A method of promoting high corridor grape fast shaping |
| CN108684431A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-23 | 宁夏华昊葡萄酒有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of vinifera |
| CN109729910A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-10 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | The long main stem fast culture process of native cultivation area grape horizontal is buried in a kind of north |
| CN109983980A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-09 | 上海马陆葡萄公园有限公司 | A kind of T shape grape is tree-like and forming method thereof |
| CN109983980B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-04-02 | 上海马陆葡萄公园有限公司 | T-shaped grapevine shape and forming method thereof |
| CN111264270A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Wide-row close planting cultivation tree form suitable for dry land apple orchard and cultivation method |
| CN111642320A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for cultivating grapes in rotation mode |
| CN115836629A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-03-24 | 山东省葡萄研究院 | Cultivation method of wine grapes suitable for high light and high temperature |
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