CN101999290A - Cultivation method of dendrobium candidum - Google Patents
Cultivation method of dendrobium candidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN101999290A CN101999290A CN 201010281283 CN201010281283A CN101999290A CN 101999290 A CN101999290 A CN 101999290A CN 201010281283 CN201010281283 CN 201010281283 CN 201010281283 A CN201010281283 A CN 201010281283A CN 101999290 A CN101999290 A CN 101999290A
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- 241000026010 Dendrobium candidum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000409991 Mythimna separata Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000748029 Chamaechaenactis scaposa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002365 multiple layer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001523681 Dendrobium Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001076416 Dendrobium tosaense Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method of dendrobium candidum, comprising the following steps of: paving the ground: levelling a land, and then sequentially paving a quicklime powder layer, a gardening ground cloth, a gravel layer and a shading net layer from bottom to top; forming rectangular land; building a shed; selecting the specifications of species and germchits: selecting seed sources in Zhejiang and domesticated seedlings obtained by domesticating tissue culture seedlings transplanted out of bottles for more than one year; and culturing. In the invention, the layers of multiple-layer ground pavements are not mutually influenced, the gravel layer can be used as a water filtering layer to provide a good root growth environment for the dendrobium candidum, and the multiple-layer ground pavements also physically obstruct insect pest sources from underground to a peripheral space with a matched insect prevention measures together, thereby not only saving the cost by reducing the use amount of pesticides, but also greatly enhancing the edible safety of the dendrobium candidum. The cultivation method of the dendrobium candidum creates an optimal environment for the growth of the dendrobium candidum from roots and the ground aiming at the artificial cultivation of a rare and endangered traditional Chinese medicinal material, i.e. the dendrobium candidum, and is used for carrying out pest control by adopting a full-physical method, thereby effectively reducing the generation of plant diseases and insect pests and realizing the safe and efficient cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to traditional Chinese medicine culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of dendrobium candidum.
Background technology
Since nineteen ninety, report had artificial cultivation, the dendrobium candidum artificial cultivation method all adopted protection ground (having the booth facility) plantation, mainly contains two kinds of methods: the inner greenhouse ground face is laid and is directly planted after matrix is done furrow; Forcing frame empty planting type in the booth.These two kinds of cultivation methods all have its drawback: booth is directly planted and is caused insect pest easily, especially mollusk harm such as soil insect and snail, slug are serious, the part mountain area also has ant harm to take place, in case generation insect pest, adopt chemical agent thoroughly to eradicate, cause dendrobium candidum to have residue of pesticide when influencing output; Directly plant and also can make impeded drainage, cause the mashed root of dendrobium candidum and bring out disease; The time of directly planting permanent back matrix is difficult to thorough replacing, causes that easily continuous cropping brings out disease.Booth forcing frame empty planting type cost is extremely expensive, and container volume limited the amount of growth of dendrobium candidum, causes input and output lower.Under existing cultivation method, artificial cultivation dendrobium candidum quality, edible safety can't ensure that production efficiency is lower, have restricted the development of whole industry.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of effectively prevention and elimination of disease and pests can significantly reduce production costs the officinal dendrobium stem plantation method of enhancing productivity again.
For solving above technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of cultivation method of dendrobium candidum may further comprise the steps:
(1), lay on ground: level land, lay quicklime bisque, gardening ground cloth, stone layer and shady stratum reticulare then from bottom to top successively, and open escape canal around ground;
(2), do furrow: on described shady stratum reticulare, lay the thick cultivation matrix of 10～20cm and form kind of a planting-line, and anti-snail baffle plate is set, in the middle of kind of planting-line or insert the formula shower nozzle all around with being provided with around described kind of planting-line;
(3), build canopy: be covered with the film booth with ventilating opening above described kind of planting-line, the two-layer shading rate of laying is 60～80% shady net outside described film booth, and encloses 40～60 order fly nets at the ventilating opening place of described booth;
(4), kind and seedling specification are selected: select the Zhejiang provenance to do cultivar, select tissue cultivating seedling to transplant 1 year later domestication seedling of bottle outlet domestication;
(5), field planting: late March, tame seedling by 3～5 strains/Cong Dingzhi, in described kind of planting-line, arrange mythimna separata Huang plate after the field planting;
(6), cultivate: relative air humidity is cultivated the domestication seedling in 80～90% scopes in the control booth, and gathers in the full stem of selective maturation in February in next year.
According to the present invention, described quicklime bisque is pressed quicklime amount 15～25Kg/667m
2Lay, the effect of laying the quicklime layer mainly is in order to sterilize; The material of described gardening ground cloth is the cloth shape material that the polypropylene flat-filament braiding forms, and specification is 80～95g/m
2, its effect mainly is to isolate soil, prevents the generation of underground damage by disease and insect and growing of weeds; The stone of described stone layer preferred dimension in 20～40mm scope laid, laying depth is at 10～20cm, its effect mainly be as the drainage layer for the root of dendrobium candidum provides the good ventilative environment of draining, prevent root contingent bad root phenomenon in wetland; The effect of described shady stratum reticulare mainly is in order to catch cultivation matrix, to prevent that matrix is penetrated into the stone layer and stops up draining, and be convenient to the replacing of matrix.
According to the present invention, described kind of planting-line is with wide 1.4～2.4m, and long 30～50m is advisable.
Described anti-snail baffle plate is the thick color steel of 0.3～0.6mm, and it is around planting the formed boundary height of planting-line between 25～30cm, and it can be used as defence line, two roads and prevents that mollusks such as insect and snail from climbing into kind of a planting-line.
According to the present invention, the fly net that establish in booth ventilating opening place can intercept peripheral insect source, and the material of described fly net is preferably polyethylene.
The yellow plate of described mythimna separata is arranged in kind of the planting-line for the yellow plate of the papery of long 20～30cm, wide 8～15cm, mainly is to enter insect in kind of the planting-line in order to monitor and prevent and treat accident, and the yellow plate of described mythimna separata is by 4～6m/ layout at interval.
Insert the formula shower nozzle describedly and adopt refraction rotation mini sprinkler, radius of spray is pressed 2.5m～3.5m/ setting at 3～5m, and shower nozzle does not have the blind area when spraying, the water yield is even, control is convenient.
It is 70% shady net that shading rate is elected in the shady network optimization that is covered on the booth as.
According to the present invention, selecting the Zhejiang provenance to do cultivar mainly is because Zhejiang provenance cold resistance is good, best in quality, amount of growth is vigorous.
Adopt the inventive method cultivation dendrobium candidum, once gathered in 1 year, crop cycle is in 3～4 years, the dendrobium candidum 3～4 times of can gathering.After one crop cycle, need to upgrade, during renewal, dendrobium candidum is extracted with root, utilize the shady net of stone laminar surface that former cultivation matrix is all taken out, field planting candidum tissue culturing seedling again behind the cultivation matrix that more renews seedlings of Dendrobium officinale and cultivation matrix.Former cultivation matrix is if recycling need be carried out steam disinfection.
By the enforcement of above technical scheme, the cultivation method of dendrobium candidum of the present invention is compared with the cultivation method of existing dendrobium candidum is had plurality of advantages:
Lay on the multilayer ground that officinal dendrobium stem plantation method of the present invention adopts each interlayer to be independent of each other, dendrobium candidum root environment and soil are isolated, prevent growing of weeds and underground damage by disease and insect, and the stone layer provides a good draining ventilative root development environment as the growth that the drainage layer also can be dendrobium candidum; Lay also on multilayer ground and supporting insect protected measure is blocked the insect pest source from underground to peripheral space together jointly, insect protected for full physical property, make the rare insect pest of the dendrobium candidum of being cultivated, reduce agricultural chemicals and use, also can improve edible safety greatly simultaneously cost-effective; In addition, desirable shading condition and temp. and humidity that reasonable Arrangement and booth by equipment of sprinkler irrigation provides, add and select colory Zhejiang provenance to cultivate, make the input-output ratio of the inventive method gained dendrobium candidum compare and exceed 1.23～1.64 times, realized the safe and efficient cultivation of dendrobium candidum with the input-output ratio of other officinal dendrobium stem plantation method gained.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment:
Fig. 1 is for adopting the elevational schematic view of booth that officinal dendrobium stem plantation method of the present invention is built.
Wherein: 1, quicklime bisque; 2, gardening ground cloth; 3, stone layer; 4, shady stratum reticulare; 5, plant planting-line; 6, anti-snail baffle plate; 7, shower nozzle; 8, the yellow plate of mythimna separata; 9, film booth; 90, ventilating opening; 10, fly net; 11, shady net.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but be not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, may further comprise the steps according to present embodiment method cultivation dendrobium candidum:
(1), lay on ground: it is smooth to select well-drained soil to carry out, and presses 20Kg/667m
2The standard branch spread quicklime powder and carry out soil disinfection, form quicklime bisque 1; The braiding of laying polypropylene flat-filament forms on described quicklime bisque 1, specification is 90g/m
2Gardening ground cloth 2; Select the stone of size in 20～40mm scope on described gardening ground cloth 2, to lay the stone layer 3 that one deck thickness is approximately 15cm; On described stone layer 3, lay the shady net of one deck and form shady stratum reticulare 4, simultaneously around open escape canal.
(2), do furrow: lay the thick cultivation matrix of about 18cm and form kind of a planting-line 5 on described shady stratum reticulare 4, the wide 40m of furrow face 2.4m is long to do two furrow, and the wide aisle of 50cm is left in the centre; The thick color steel of 0.5mm is set as anti-snail baffle plate 6 around described kind of planting-line 5, forming highly is the border of 25cm; Insert formula shower nozzle 7 every ground of 3m layout in addition in the middle of the aisle of described kind of planting-line 5, the shower nozzle that formula shower nozzle 7 is inserted on this ground is refraction rotation mini sprinkler, and radius of spray is 3.5m.
(3), build canopy: be covered with the film booth 9 that 6m is wide, have ventilating opening 90 above described kind of planting-line 5, the two-layer shading rate of laying is 70% shady net 11 outside described film booth 9, and encloses 60 order polyethylene fly nets at ventilating opening 90 places of described booth;
(4), kind and seedling specification are selected: select the Zhejiang provenance that cold resistance is good, best in quality, amount of growth is vigorous to do cultivar, select tissue cultivating seedling to transplant 1 year later domestication seedling of bottle outlet domestication as seedling;
(5), field planting: late March, tame seedling by 3 strain/clumps, the field planting of 20 * 20cm clump line-spacing, the field planting degree of depth is not deeper than the collar part; The yellow plate of papery that every 5m arranges long 25cm, a wide 10cm in described kind of planting-line 5 after the field planting is as the yellow plate 8 of mythimna separata, with monitoring and the unexpected insect that enters in kind of the planting-line 5 of control.
(6), cultivate: relative air humidity is cultivated the domestication seedling in 80～90% scopes in the control booth, and gathers in the full stem of selective maturation in February in next year.
Embodiment 2
Adopt different cultivation methods in the same kind of late March field planting dendrobium candidum domestication seedling, the condition of culture unified management of pressing embodiment 1, gather annual February, was one kind and plants the cycle in fixed 3 years; Analyze according to input and output.Comparing result proves: the input-output ratio of dendrobium candidum is widely different under the different cultivation methods, and it the results are shown in Table 1.
The different cultivation method input-output ratio of table 1 information slip
(annotate: method I, intelligent greenhouse+seedbed container culturing method; Method II, cultivation method of the present invention; Method III, beam-connected greenhouse+container culturing method; Method IV, booth+bed planting method)
By reality plantation contrast proof, utilize the dendrobium candidum input-output ratio of cultivation method gained of the present invention to be better than other cultivation method.
More than the present invention has been done detailed description; its purpose is to allow the personage that is familiar with this art can understand content of the present invention and is implemented; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; all equivalences of doing according to spiritual essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the cultivation method of a dendrobium candidum is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), lay on ground: level land, lay quicklime bisque (1), gardening ground cloth (2), stone layer (3) and shady stratum reticulare (4) then from bottom to top successively, and open escape canal around ground;
(2), do furrow: go up at described shady stratum reticulare (4) and lay the thick cultivation matrix of 10～20cm and form kind of a planting-line (5), and anti-snail baffle plate (6) is set all around at described kind of planting-line (5), described kind of planting-line (5) all around or the centre insert formula shower nozzle (7) with being provided with;
(3), build canopy: be covered with the have ventilating opening film booth (9) of (90) in described kind of planting-line (5) top, the two-layer shading rate of laying is 60～80% shady net (11) outside described film booth (9), and locates to enclose 40～60 order fly nets (10) at the ventilating opening (90) of described booth (9);
(4), kind and seedling specification are selected: select the Zhejiang provenance to do cultivar, select tissue cultivating seedling to transplant 1 year later domestication seedling of bottle outlet domestication;
(5), field planting: late March, tame seedling by 3～5 strains/Cong Dingzhi, after the field planting described kind of planting-line (5) in layout mythimna separata Huang plate (8);
(6), cultivate: the interior relative air humidity of control booth (9) is cultivated the domestication seedling in 80～90% scopes, and gathers in the full stem of selective maturation in February in next year.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described quicklime bisque (1) is pressed quicklime amount 15～25Kg/667m
2Lay.
3. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of described gardening ground cloth (2) is the cloth shape material that the polypropylene flat-filament braiding forms, and specification is 80～95g/m
2
4. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stone of described stone layer (3) preferred dimension in 20～40mm scope laid.
5. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the wide 1.4～2.4m of described kind of planting-line (5), long 30～50m.
6. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described anti-snail baffle plate (6) is the thick color steel of 0.3～0.6mm, and the height on the border that surrounds is 25～30cm.
7. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of described fly net (10) is a polyethylene.
8. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the yellow plate of described mythimna separata (8) is arranged by 4～6m at interval for the yellow plate of the papery of long 20～30cm, wide 8～15cm.
9. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: insert formula shower nozzle (7) describedly and arrange at interval by 2.5m～3.5m, adopt refraction rotation mini sprinkler, radius of spray is at 3～5m.
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Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102440131A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 彭贵湖 | Wild-simulated growing method for tissue culture plantlets of dendrobium officinale |
| CN102498860A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 勐腊千松石斛种植有限责任公司 | Low-cost high-yield cultivation method of artificially-cultivated dendrobe |
| CN102613056A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江农林大学 | Original ecological culture method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN102960226A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-13 | 农定霖 | Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo tissue culture seedling acclimatization method |
| CN102986509A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-03-27 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | Dendrobium officinale cultivation technique using stone |
| CN103004566A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 孟连大发铁皮石斛有限公司 | Planting method of Dendrobium officinale |
| CN103039236A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-17 | 何寒 | Method for ground cultivation of dendrobium officinale |
| CN103636388A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-03-19 | 西双版纳银海福林石斛有限公司 | Matrix for dendrobe plantation and method for sorting rectangular plantation land pieces out |
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| CN104686207A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-10 | 浙江铁枫堂科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating dendrobium officinale |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102440131A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 彭贵湖 | Wild-simulated growing method for tissue culture plantlets of dendrobium officinale |
| CN102498860B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-10-02 | 勐腊千松石斛种植有限责任公司 | Low-cost high-yield cultivation method of artificially-cultivated dendrobe |
| CN102498860A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 勐腊千松石斛种植有限责任公司 | Low-cost high-yield cultivation method of artificially-cultivated dendrobe |
| CN102613056B (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江农林大学 | Original ecological culture method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN102613056A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江农林大学 | Original ecological culture method of dendrobium candidum |
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