CN104541814A - Potato planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato planting method. The planting method includes steps of (1) dicing to accelerate budding, to be specifically, starting accelerating budding in the early March 20 days before sowing; (2) harrowing the land and ditching; (3) sowing and covering films, to be specifically, placing seed potato dices into ditches in any one of two methods including placing as buds upwards or downwards during sowing; (4) airing germinations and managing the germination period, to be specifically, airing the seedlings growing out of the soil by breaking the film in 20 days around after sowing and after Tomb-sweeping Day so as to steam the seedlings, after the seedlings grow 10 cm high, covering the soil on the film around the seedlings tightly so as to conserve water and suppress weed growth, keeping no watering in the early stage of growing of the potatoes and starting watering after blooming., If in drought days, watering once each ten days, wherein generally speaking, the potatoes can be ripe after twice or three times of watering, watering in ten days before harvesting, and preventing insects such as aphids or thrips. By the potato planting method, labor is greatly saved, potato planting cost is reduced, potato survival rate is increased and potato planting benefits are increased. Accordingly, anti-disease and anti-insect capability of the potatoes can be enhanced, the purpose to achieve high yield and quality is achieved and the potato planting method has high popularization value.

Description

A kind of potato implantation methods

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods, particularly a kind of potato implantation methods, belongs to dimension stereo agriculture planting method field.

Background technology

Potato is tuber crops, and the stem being embedded in underground expands, and containing a large amount of starch, can provide the abundant nutrition energy for eater.Certainly, the American Indian being in hungry awkward situation has been saved in this new discovery, for their existence outlet has lighted a slim chance of survival.But containing a large amount of solanines in the stem tuber of wild potato, all poisonous to humans and animals, many American Indians of early stage edible potato, have also paid the cost of life for this reason.However, as food, the relation of potato and American Indian is but more and more tightr.

With stem tuber breeding, potato is cut into bulk by eye, bed planting, March or sowing in September, when mean temperature is more than 25 ° of C, underground stem tuber stops expanding.General about three months just can be ripe.

The culture technique of potato is different because geographic climate is different all over the world.Stem tuber is mainly utilized to carry out vegetative propagation.For avoiding cutting knife virus spread (spindle tuber, X and S mosaic virus) and ring rot, diameter should be selected to be that whole photo sowing is carried out in the healthy potato seed of 3 ~ 3.5 centimetres.The most easy infection disease of potato, mycosis has late blight, shot hole, early blight.Bacteriosis has ring rot, bacterial wilt.Virus disease has mosaic disease, leaf curl, viroid disease and mycoplasma disease etc.Insect pest tuberosity moth, nematode, cutworm and grub etc.Cultivar is become by crossbreeding seed selection major part.Poor in view of common cultivation kind potato variety source, especially payes attention to the nearly edge cultivated species of comprehensive potato, comprises the chromosome set of common cultivation kind and dliploid cultivated species, be beneficial to the new varieties of breeding high-yield, high resistance and high starch, high protein content.Bred varieties mainly contains: 1. utilize the diploid hybrid producing 2n gamete and common cultivation kind to hybridize.2. novel cultivar and common cultivation kind is utilized to hybridize.Potato yield is high, stronger to the adaptability of environment.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is based on existing potato implantation methods, adopt the principles of science of novelty, propose a kind of potato implantation methods, it greatly saves labour, reduce potato planting cost, improve potato survival rate, enhance the benefit of plantation potato, the disease resistance of potato and insect pest ability are strengthened, reaches the object of high yield and high quality.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: a kind of potato implantation methods, and its implantation methods adopts following steps to realize.

(1) stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days, the time started vernalization at the beginning of 3 months.Often plant block during the stripping and slicing of potato kind and have an eye at least.Be advisable for 10 ~ 15 pieces/jin.Cut rear little grey dry mixing or powder of carbendazim 1:200 and doubly sterilizing is carried out to water logging kind.After kind of a block dries, namely start seedbed vernalization, have two kinds of methods: one is use husky vernalization in the angle, room of room temperature more than 15 DEG C, one deck husky one deck kind block; Two is to dig pit vernalization at the ventilation Chaoyang place east-west direction of outdoor, cheats dark 25 cm, and one deck husky one deck kind block, is advisable for 3 layers, then adds shed plastic film covering, adds a cover straw screen or mat insulation night.Above two kinds of methods will be sprinkled water 1 ~ 2 time during vernalization, and anti-falling stop is done.When bud grows to 0.5 ~ 1.0 centimetre, start sowing.(2) ditch: before sowing, see soil soil moisture content wholely, if soil moisture content is bad, irrigation ditch moisture creating can be considered, should before sowing 7 ~ 10 days during moisture creating.Potato plantation is generally two ditch field planting, can adopt large row 50 centimetres, little row 40 centimetres during trench digging.(3) epiphragma is sowed: the Spring Equinox is optimal period to Clear and Bright, and should propose especially at this: detoxification potato can shift to an earlier date early sowing, finishes before the Spring Equinox, spacing in the rows can be controlled in 20 centimetres.First spray along ditch with octyl sulfate 1:10000 times water before sowing, prevent soil insect.Fertilizer directly can spread and be sprinkled into as during in ditch or whole ground; Chemistry fertilizer can put under in ditch or be sprinkling upon between kind of block (to be noted directly to contact with kind of a block).During sowing, plant the block method inserted in ditch have two kinds: one be kind of bud down, the long seedling of potato root that this method grows is strengthened, and potato is few but block large, but 2 ~ 3 days evenings of seedling; In addition method be kind of bud upward, the potato root that this method grows is relatively short, and potato is little but many, and 2 ~ 3 days morning of seedling.Sowing fetches earth from both sides in large row after terminating builds an animal-drawn seed plough by the space of potato ditch and little row and puts down, and adds mocromembrane and covers tightly compacting.(4) emerge and leak informaton and seedling management: after Clear and Bright, after planting about 20 days, namely have seedling to reveal soil, now can rush seedling place and mocromembrane is scratched broken leaking informaton, in case steam seedling.When seedling grows to 10 centimetres high, the film around seedling is tight by soil pressure, with water conservation pressure grass.The early stage of potato growth should not water, and is fond of Hua Houzai and waters.If it drought, without rain, can be watered once every 10 days, generally watering 2 ~ 3 water can be ripe, gathers in the crops and within first 10 days, stops watering.Seedling stage anti-aphid or the insect pest such as thrips.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: a kind of potato implantation methods that the present invention proposes, it greatly saves labour, reduce potato planting cost, improve potato survival rate, enhance the benefit of plantation potato, the disease resistance of potato and insect pest ability are strengthened, reaches the object of high yield and high quality, there is larger promotional value.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with instantiation, the invention will be further described.

A kind of potato implantation methods, its implantation methods method adopts following steps to realize.

(1) stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days, the time started vernalization at the beginning of 3 months.Often plant block during the stripping and slicing of potato kind and have an eye at least.Be advisable for 10 ~ 15 pieces/jin.Cut rear little grey dry mixing or powder of carbendazim 1:200 and doubly sterilizing is carried out to water logging kind.After kind of a block dries, namely start seedbed vernalization, have two kinds of methods: one is use husky vernalization in the angle, room of room temperature more than 15 DEG C, one deck husky one deck kind block; Two is to dig pit vernalization at the ventilation Chaoyang place east-west direction of outdoor, cheats dark 25 cm, and one deck husky one deck kind block, is advisable for 3 layers, then adds shed plastic film covering, adds a cover straw screen or mat insulation night.Above two kinds of methods will be sprinkled water 1 ~ 2 time during vernalization, and anti-falling stop is done.When bud grows to 0.5 ~ 1.0 centimetre, start sowing.(2) ditch: before sowing, see soil soil moisture content wholely, if soil moisture content is bad, irrigation ditch moisture creating can be considered, should before sowing 7 ~ 10 days during moisture creating.Potato plantation is generally two ditch field planting, can adopt large row 50 centimetres, little row 40 centimetres during trench digging.(3) epiphragma is sowed: the Spring Equinox is optimal period to Clear and Bright, and should propose especially at this: detoxification potato can shift to an earlier date early sowing, finishes before the Spring Equinox, spacing in the rows can be controlled in 20 centimetres.First spray along ditch with octyl sulfate 1:10000 times water before sowing, prevent soil insect.Fertilizer directly can spread and be sprinkled into as during in ditch or whole ground; Chemistry fertilizer can put under in ditch or be sprinkling upon between kind of block (to be noted directly to contact with kind of a block).During sowing, plant the block method inserted in ditch have two kinds: one be kind of bud down, the long seedling of potato root that this method grows is strengthened, and potato is few but block large, but 2 ~ 3 days evenings of seedling; In addition method be kind of bud upward, the potato root that this method grows is relatively short, and potato is little but many, and 2 ~ 3 days morning of seedling.Sowing fetches earth from both sides in large row after terminating builds an animal-drawn seed plough by the space of potato ditch and little row and puts down, and adds mocromembrane and covers tightly compacting.(4) emerge and leak informaton and seedling management: after Clear and Bright, after planting about 20 days, namely have seedling to reveal soil, now can rush seedling place and mocromembrane is scratched broken leaking informaton, in case steam seedling.When seedling grows to 10 centimetres high, the film around seedling is tight by soil pressure, with water conservation pressure grass.The early stage of potato growth should not water, and is fond of Hua Houzai and waters.If it drought, without rain, can be watered once every 10 days, generally watering 2 ~ 3 water can be ripe, gathers in the crops and within first 10 days, stops watering.Seedling stage anti-aphid or the insect pest such as thrips.

Claims (1)

1. a potato implantation methods, is characterized in that: described implantation methods adopts following steps to realize:

(1) stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days, time started vernalization at the beginning of 3 months, often plant block during the stripping and slicing of potato kind and have an eye at least, be advisable for 10 ~ 15 pieces/jin, cut rear little grey dry mixing or powder of carbendazim 1:200 and doubly sterilizing is carried out to water logging kind, after kind of a block dries, namely start seedbed vernalization, have two kinds of methods: one is use husky vernalization in the angle, room of room temperature more than 15 DEG C, one deck husky one deck kind block; Two is to dig pit vernalization at the ventilation Chaoyang place east-west direction of outdoor, cheat dark 25 cm, one deck husky one deck kind block, be advisable for 3 layers, then add shed plastic film covering, add a cover straw screen or mat insulation night, above two kinds of methods will be sprinkled water 1 ~ 2 time during vernalization, anti-falling stop is done, and when bud grows to 0.5 ~ 1.0 centimetre, starts sowing; (2) ditch: before sowing, see soil soil moisture content wholely, if soil moisture content is bad, irrigation ditch moisture creating can be considered, should before sowing 7 ~ 10 days during moisture creating, potato plantation is generally two ditch field planting, can adopt large row 50 centimetres, little row 40 centimetres during trench digging; (3) epiphragma is sowed: the Spring Equinox is optimal period to Clear and Bright, should propose especially at this: detoxification potato can shift to an earlier date early sowing, finished before the Spring Equinox, spacing in the rows can be controlled in 20 centimetres, first spray along ditch with octyl sulfate 1:10000 times water before sowing, prevent soil insect, fertilizer directly can spread and be sprinkled into as during in ditch or whole ground; Chemistry fertilizer can put under in ditch or be sprinkling upon between kind of block (to be noted directly to contact with kind of a block), during sowing, plant the block method inserted in ditch have two kinds: one be kind of bud down, the long seedling of potato root that this method grows is strengthened, few but the block of potato is large, but 2 ~ 3 days evenings of seedling; In addition method be kind of bud upward, the potato root that this method grows is relatively short, and potato is little but many, and seedling early 2 ~ 3 days, and sowing fetches earth from the interior both sides of large row after terminating builds an animal-drawn seed plough by the space of potato ditch and little row and put down, and adds mocromembrane and covers tightly compacting; (4) emerge and leak informaton and seedling management: after Clear and Bright, after planting about 20 days, namely have seedling to reveal soil, now can rush seedling place and mocromembrane is scratched broken leaking informaton, in case steam seedling, when seedling grows to 10 centimetres high, film around seedling is tight by soil pressure, and with water conservation pressure grass, the early stage of potato growth should not water, be fond of Hua Houzai to water, if it drought, without rain, can be watered once every 10 days, generally watering 2 ~ 3 water can be ripe, gather in the crops and within first 10 days, stop watering, seedling stage anti-aphid or the insect pest such as thrips.