CN101898699B - 纸张翻转装置、具备该纸张翻转装置的电子设备 - Google Patents
纸张翻转装置、具备该纸张翻转装置的电子设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101898699B CN101898699B CN201010194663.3A CN201010194663A CN101898699B CN 101898699 B CN101898699 B CN 101898699B CN 201010194663 A CN201010194663 A CN 201010194663A CN 101898699 B CN101898699 B CN 101898699B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- guide member
- path
- recording paper
- recording
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002789 length control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
- B65H3/44—Simultaneously, alternately, or selectively separating articles from two or more piles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
- B65H29/52—Stationary guides or smoothers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H5/00—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
- B65H5/36—Article guides or smoothers, e.g. movable in operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H7/00—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles
- B65H7/02—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors
- B65H7/04—Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles by feelers or detectors responsive to absence of articles, e.g. exhaustion of pile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H85/00—Recirculating articles, i.e. feeding each article to, and delivering it from, the same machine work-station more than once
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/60—Apparatus which relate to the handling of originals
- G03G15/602—Apparatus which relate to the handling of originals for transporting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/30—Orientation, displacement, position of the handled material
- B65H2301/31—Features of transport path
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/30—Orientation, displacement, position of the handled material
- B65H2301/33—Modifying, selecting, changing orientation
- B65H2301/332—Turning, overturning
- B65H2301/3321—Turning, overturning kinetic therefor
- B65H2301/33214—Turning, overturning kinetic therefor about an axis perpendicular to the direction of displacement and parallel to the surface of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/30—Orientation, displacement, position of the handled material
- B65H2301/33—Modifying, selecting, changing orientation
- B65H2301/333—Inverting
- B65H2301/3331—Involving forward reverse transporting means
- B65H2301/33312—Involving forward reverse transporting means forward reverse rollers pairs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
- B65H2404/50—Surface of the elements in contact with the forwarded or guided material
- B65H2404/51—Cross section, i.e. section perpendicular to the direction of displacement
- B65H2404/513—Cross section, i.e. section perpendicular to the direction of displacement with limited number of active areas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
- B65H2404/60—Other elements in face contact with handled material
- B65H2404/61—Longitudinally-extending strips, tubes, plates, or wires
- B65H2404/612—Longitudinally-extending strips, tubes, plates, or wires and shaped for curvilinear transport path
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
- B65H2404/60—Other elements in face contact with handled material
- B65H2404/63—Oscillating, pivoting around an axis parallel to face of material, e.g. diverting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/10—Size; Dimensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/10—Size; Dimensions
- B65H2511/11—Length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/20—Location in space
- B65H2511/21—Angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/50—Occurence
- B65H2511/51—Presence
- B65H2511/514—Particular portion of element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/50—Occurence
- B65H2511/515—Absence
- B65H2511/518—Particular portion of element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/50—Occurence
- B65H2511/52—Defective operating conditions
- B65H2511/528—Jam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2513/00—Dynamic entities; Timing aspects
- B65H2513/40—Movement
- B65H2513/42—Route, path
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/51—Encoders, e.g. linear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2601/00—Problem to be solved or advantage achieved
- B65H2601/20—Avoiding or preventing undesirable effects
- B65H2601/26—Damages to handling machine
- B65H2601/261—Clogging
- B65H2601/2611—Soiling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/13—Parts concerned of the handled material
- B65H2701/131—Edges
- B65H2701/1311—Edges leading edge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/13—Parts concerned of the handled material
- B65H2701/131—Edges
- B65H2701/1313—Edges trailing edge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2801/00—Application field
- B65H2801/03—Image reproduction devices
- B65H2801/06—Office-type machines, e.g. photocopiers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)
- Conveyance By Endless Belt Conveyors (AREA)
- Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
- Registering Or Overturning Sheets (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009132564A JP5392479B2 (ja) | 2009-06-01 | 2009-06-01 | 用紙反転装置、該用紙反転装置を備えた電子機器 |
| JP2009-132564 | 2009-06-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101898699A CN101898699A (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
| CN101898699B true CN101898699B (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=43219333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010194663.3A Active CN101898699B (zh) | 2009-06-01 | 2010-06-01 | 纸张翻转装置、具备该纸张翻转装置的电子设备 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8348261B2 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP5392479B2 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN101898699B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5741119B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2015-07-01 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 用紙搬送装置および画像形成装置 |
| JP2013018614A (ja) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-31 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 画像形成装置 |
| JP5871514B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-16 | 2016-03-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | 記録装置 |
| JP5970895B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-22 | 2016-08-17 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | シート搬送装置、画像読取装置及び画像形成装置 |
| JP5744803B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-06 | 2015-07-08 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | シート搬送装置、およびこれを備えた画像形成装置 |
| JP6111758B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-04-12 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 媒体処理装置および用紙反転用搬送ユニット |
| CN104070788B (zh) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-03-01 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | 记录装置 |
| JP6007926B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-06 | 2016-10-19 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 画像形成システム及び用紙搬送装置 |
| JP6107713B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-14 | 2017-04-05 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 画像記録装置 |
| US10301129B2 (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2019-05-28 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Print medium buffering |
| JP6375828B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-25 | 2018-08-22 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 搬送装置 |
| CN105775261B (zh) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-07-27 | 青岛三维海容机电有限公司 | 一种药袋输送装置 |
| JP6769108B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-23 | 2020-10-14 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3567046A (en) * | 1967-05-26 | 1971-03-02 | Ferag Ag | Device for the manipulation of laminar objects particularly for laying-up the same in a pile |
| US3692304A (en) * | 1970-04-10 | 1972-09-19 | Ridder Ingb Nv De | Apparatus for feeding and stacking loose paper sheets |
| JP2006298605A (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | 画像形成装置 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2614951B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-08 | 1997-05-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 原稿搬送装置 |
| JP3261869B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-30 | 2002-03-04 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
| JPH0834542A (ja) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-02-06 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 画像読取り装置の原稿搬送装置 |
| JP3117894B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-07 | 2000-12-18 | シャープ株式会社 | 用紙反転装置 |
| KR200156004Y1 (ko) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-09-01 | 윤종용 | 양면인쇄장치의 용지가이드 |
| US6595518B2 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2003-07-22 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Three-way diverter |
| US6575455B2 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2003-06-10 | Teknologi & Produkt Udvikling A/S | Apparatus for inverting and returning sheets from a printer for large-sized paper |
| JP3840365B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2006-11-01 | 日立オムロンターミナルソリューションズ株式会社 | 紙葉類搬送方向切換装置 |
| JP2002348052A (ja) | 2001-03-21 | 2002-12-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 自動原稿搬送装置および画像形成装置 |
| JP2003002491A (ja) | 2001-06-18 | 2003-01-08 | Canon Inc | 用紙反転装置及び両面印刷装置 |
| JP2005154123A (ja) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-16 | Canon Inc | シート材搬送装置及び画像形成装置 |
| JP4492380B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-04 | 2010-06-30 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 記録装置 |
| JP4211852B2 (ja) | 2006-06-30 | 2009-01-21 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | 両面画像形成装置 |
| JP2008024445A (ja) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-02-07 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | 画像形成システム、中継搬送装置及び画像形成システムの設置方法 |
| JP4283316B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-14 | 2009-06-24 | シャープ株式会社 | 画像形成装置の用紙搬送路 |
| JP2010215376A (ja) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-30 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 画像形成装置 |
-
2009
- 2009-06-01 JP JP2009132564A patent/JP5392479B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-05-27 US US12/788,514 patent/US8348261B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-01 CN CN201010194663.3A patent/CN101898699B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3567046A (en) * | 1967-05-26 | 1971-03-02 | Ferag Ag | Device for the manipulation of laminar objects particularly for laying-up the same in a pile |
| US3692304A (en) * | 1970-04-10 | 1972-09-19 | Ridder Ingb Nv De | Apparatus for feeding and stacking loose paper sheets |
| JP2006298605A (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | 画像形成装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101898699A (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
| US20100301549A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
| US8348261B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 |
| JP5392479B2 (ja) | 2014-01-22 |
| JP2010275106A (ja) | 2010-12-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101898699B (zh) | 纸张翻转装置、具备该纸张翻转装置的电子设备 | |
| JP4277902B2 (ja) | シート搬送装置及び画像記録装置 | |
| US20160114999A1 (en) | Sheet processing device, image forming system, and sheet processing method | |
| CN101758670B (zh) | 图像记录装置 | |
| JP2019116383A (ja) | 媒体給送装置及び画像読取装置 | |
| JP2014014940A (ja) | 記録装置 | |
| US9751706B2 (en) | Conveyance apparatus and image recording apparatus | |
| US20250071224A1 (en) | Image reading apparatus and image forming apparatus having inclined surface for easy document removal | |
| JP2014208553A (ja) | 記録装置 | |
| CN102825921B (zh) | 记录装置 | |
| JP2012001335A (ja) | 画像記録装置 | |
| US20240064248A1 (en) | Image forming apparatus | |
| US20160250868A1 (en) | Recording apparatus and medium feeding device | |
| JP2008162705A (ja) | シート搬送装置 | |
| EP3575092B1 (en) | Recording apparatus | |
| US20250039316A1 (en) | Document feeding, image reading, and image forming apparatus including slidable document supporting tray that pivots up from a second positon and moves obliquely downward | |
| CN100486293C (zh) | 自动输稿器、原稿供给方法和计算机可使用的介质 | |
| JP6337627B2 (ja) | 画像記録装置 | |
| US11072189B2 (en) | Medium discharging apparatus and medium processing apparatus | |
| JP2019202876A (ja) | 記録装置 | |
| JP6347136B2 (ja) | 画像記録装置 | |
| JP6245347B2 (ja) | 搬送装置及び画像記録装置 | |
| JP2017114684A (ja) | 記録装置、媒体給送装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |