CN101759857B - 来自生物质的环氧化合物及其制造方法 - Google Patents
来自生物质的环氧化合物及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101759857B CN101759857B CN2009102614469A CN200910261446A CN101759857B CN 101759857 B CN101759857 B CN 101759857B CN 2009102614469 A CN2009102614469 A CN 2009102614469A CN 200910261446 A CN200910261446 A CN 200910261446A CN 101759857 B CN101759857 B CN 101759857B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- compound
- epoxy resin
- weight
- epoxy compounds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 49
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 49
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 49
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 25
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 13
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical group CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 10
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 oxybenzene compound Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 6
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000019651 NDE1-related microhydranencephaly Diseases 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOJFQRQNPXYVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 AOJFQRQNPXYVLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(I)=CC=C21 FRWYFWZENXDZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEYKMVJDLWJFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCOCCO YEYKMVJDLWJFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCHYEKKJCUJAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propylphenol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1O LCHYEKKJCUJAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTITJMSUGCZDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-dimethylphenol Chemical group CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1C1=C(C)C=C(O)C=C1C XSTITJMSUGCZDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBEVWPCAHIAUOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3-ethylphenyl)methyl]-2-ethylaniline Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(CC)=CC(CC=2C=C(CC)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 CBEVWPCAHIAUOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010009866 Cold sweat Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100039246 Elongator complex protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710167754 Elongator complex protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DXVYLFHTJZWTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC(C)C DXVYLFHTJZWTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHXVRRJXCDAINK-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(=O)N.N#CC#N Chemical compound NC(=O)N.N#CC#N JHXVRRJXCDAINK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000000528 Ricinus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000863032 Trieres Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Sb](=O)O[Sb](=O)=O LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] GHPGOEFPKIHBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002026 crystalline silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007973 cyanuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical class O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002931 p-cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IRDAKMLOSKOTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane piperazine Chemical compound N1CCNCC1.P IRDAKMLOSKOTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)N[SiH3] IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc silicate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H6/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignin, e.g. tannins, humic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
- H01L21/563—Encapsulation of active face of flip-chip device, e.g. underfilling or underencapsulation of flip-chip, encapsulation preform on chip or mounting substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/293—Organic, e.g. plastic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/032—Organic insulating material consisting of one material
- H05K1/0326—Organic insulating material consisting of one material containing O
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/13—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/13001—Core members of the bump connector
- H01L2224/13099—Material
- H01L2224/131—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
- H01L2224/13138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
- H01L2224/13144—Gold [Au] as principal constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73201—Location after the connecting process on the same surface
- H01L2224/73203—Bump and layer connectors
- H01L2224/73204—Bump and layer connectors the bump connector being embedded into the layer connector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49811—Additional leads joined to the metallisation on the insulating substrate, e.g. pins, bumps, wires, flat leads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49811—Additional leads joined to the metallisation on the insulating substrate, e.g. pins, bumps, wires, flat leads
- H01L23/49816—Spherical bumps on the substrate for external connection, e.g. ball grid arrays [BGA]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00011—Not relevant to the scope of the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/00014—Technical content checked by a classifier the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01004—Beryllium [Be]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01019—Potassium [K]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/0102—Calcium [Ca]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01077—Iridium [Ir]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01078—Platinum [Pt]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/01—Chemical elements
- H01L2924/01079—Gold [Au]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
- H01L2924/153—Connection portion
- H01L2924/1531—Connection portion the connection portion being formed only on the surface of the substrate opposite to the die mounting surface
- H01L2924/15311—Connection portion the connection portion being formed only on the surface of the substrate opposite to the die mounting surface being a ball array, e.g. BGA
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供:溶解性及耐热性两全的,同时对原料的收率高,制造工序数少的来自生物质的环氧化合物。该方法包括:把作为原料的来自生物质的化合物溶于碱性水溶液的工序、向该溶液添加表氯醇后进行加热的工序、以及使该表氯醇蒸发除去后使来自生物质的环氧化合物沉淀的工序;上述碱性水溶液的pH为13.5~11.0,采用此法得到来自生物质的环氧化合物,来自生物质的化合物环氧化后的重均分子量为600~20000,并且能溶于用来制造清漆的有机溶剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及来自生物质(biomass)的环氧化合物及其制造方法。
背景技术
作为防止地球变暖的材料,从碳中性(nautral)的观点看,期待植物性生物质的利用。即使在各种树脂领域,人们也考虑植物性生物质的利用。此前,以玉米作原料的热塑性聚乳酸为中心的实用化已经取得进展。
然而,近年来,由于原料与食物发生竞争,耐热温度低等,利用未取得进展。
在此,以不与食物竞争的“非可食资源”作为原料,并且耐热性优良的树脂的开发已成为方向。特别是期待日本国内大量存在的木质废弃物,即,未利用的树木作为原料的来自生物质的树脂化。
具体的是,采用耐热性优良的多酚骨架的木质素等热固性的来自生物质的环氧化合物以及采用它的环氧树脂组合物正被人们期待。
木质素是植物性生物质,是以丙基苯酚为基本骨架的牢固的聚合物,木质素根据从树木取出的方法,有碱木质素、klason木质素、水蒸气分解木质素等。
另外,植物性生物质之一有木质酚。木质酚,如专利文献1所示,是由把木质纤维素类物质分离成木质酚类物质与烃的技术(三重大学松冈教授开发的相分离系统)生成的木质酚。通过相分离系统使木质素上结合酚,是分子形成线状、结构均匀、显示约130℃明确熔点的木质酚,溶解性优良的多酚树脂。
环氧树脂组合物为了适于各种制品,首先要求环氧树脂组合物的耐热性及溶解性。溶解性,如专利文献2所示,对溶于有机溶剂,制作树脂清漆是必要的。用该树脂清漆浸渍基材干燥而形成半预制件。把该半固化件重叠使热固化,形成镀铜膜层压板式马达的绝缘层而制成产品。含溶解性不充分的环氧化合物的树脂清漆时,环氧化合物与固化剂的配合比例发生改变,耐热性与其他物性有降低的倾向。
现有的苯酚化合物的环氧化方法中,如非专利文献1所记载的那样,通过往苯酚化合物的表氯醇溶液中添加碱金属水溶液后进行回流,由此得到溶解性优良的环氧化合物。然而,在现有的环氧化方法中,采用来自生物质的苯酚化合物时,所得到的环氧化合物的溶解性非常低。
认为其理由是,如非专利文献2所记载的那样,生物质具有复杂的结构,现有方法采用的碱金属,与生物质的羟基、羧基、羰基、醛基、苯乙烯基等作用,通过生物质的裂解·重聚,使分子量加大,故所得到的环氧化合物的溶解性降低。
对于采用木质素作为来自生物质的环氧化合物的情况,在专利文献3及专利文献4中有记载。
还有,对于采用木质酚作为来自生物质的环氧化合物的情况,在非专利文献3及专利文献5中有记载。
然而,在任何一个文献中,防止来自生物质的环氧化合物的分子量增大的方法及对有机溶剂的溶解性均未作记载。
专利文献1:特开平9-278904号公报
专利文献2:特开平9-235349号公报
专利文献3:特开2005-199209号公报
专利文献4:特开2006-066237号公报
专利文献5:特开2004-238539号公报
非专利文献1:H.Lee AND K.Neville,“Handbook of EpoxyResins”,McGraw-Hill,New York,1960,pp.2-3
非专利文献2:《ウツドケミカルスの新展開》,シ-エムシ-出版,2007,pp.53-56
非专利文献3:《植物由来プラスチツクの高機能化とリサイクル技术》サイエンス&テクノロジ-社,2007,pp.129
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
环氧树脂组合物含有环氧化合物与固化剂。
在现有方法中,当生物质的木质素或木质酚环氧化时,存在分子量增大,对有机溶剂的溶解性大大降低的问题。因此,环氧树脂组合物不能制成清漆,难以在来自生物质的环氧化合物制品中使用。
在此,发明人通过限定来自生物质的环氧化合物的分子量,悉心探讨了容易清漆化的技术。然而,即使采用该技术,存在来自生物质的环氧化合物相对原料的生物质的收率低,制造来自生物质的环氧化合物时的工序数增加等课题。
本发明的目的是提供:溶解性及耐热性两全的,同时相对原料的收率高,制造工序数少的来自生物质的环氧化合物。
本发明的又一目的是提供:采用该来自生物质的环氧化合物的清漆、粘接剂、涂料等环氧树脂组合物,用这些组合物作为半固化片或绝缘层的镀铜膜层压板,及采用这些组合物的马达制品等。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明的来自生物质的环氧化合物,其特征在于,以重均分子量300~10000的来自生物质的化合物作为原料,该来自生物质的化合物环氧化后的重均分子量为600~20000,并且,能溶于用于制造清漆的有机溶剂。
发明效果
按照本发明,可以得到溶解性及耐热性两全的,同时相对原料的收率高,制造工序数少的来自生物质的环氧化合物。
附图说明
图1为表示本发明孔格栅阵列实施例的模拟断面图。
符号的说明
1为布线电路基板,2为电镀金属,3为金属凸起,4为半导体元件,5为焊锡孔,6为树脂密封材料。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及以植物性生物质(来自生物质的化合物)作原料的、溶解性优良的、来自生物质的环氧化合物,涉及采用它的高耐热性的环氧树脂组合物。
在现有方法中,作为来自生物质的化合物的原料,采用木质素及木质酚,当这些进行环氧化时,由于来自生物质的环氧化合物的分子量(重均分子量)相对原料的分子量(重均分子量)之比增大至约10倍,存在对有机溶剂的溶解性大大下降的问题。因此,环氧树脂组合物不能清漆化,难以在来自生物质的环氧化合物的制品中使用。
另外,在现有方法中,由于在原料的环氧化过程中重均分子量达到约10倍,来自生物质的化合物中分子量比较高的成分被分离·除去,来自生物质的化合物中仅分子量比较低的成分用作原料。因此,来自生物质的化合物中可作为原料使用的部分非常有限。
本发明在来自生物质的化合物合成时,作为原料的生物质(来自生物质的化合物)的重均分子量(下面简称Mw)与合成的(环氧化的)来自生物质的环氧化合物的重均分子量(下面简称Mw′)之比Mw′/Mw达到2以下,以此作为具体目标,探讨了来自生物质的环氧化合物的合成法(制造方法)。
此时,目标是不增加制造工序数,同时得到溶解性优良的来自生物质的环氧化合物。
本发明的特征如下所述。
本发明的来自生物质的环氧化合物,其特征在于,以来自生物质的化合物作原料,该来自生物质的化合物环氧化后的重均分子量Mw′为600~20000,并且能溶于用来制造清漆的有机溶剂。
来自生物质的化合物包括木质素、木质酚、大豆油、蓖麻油等。
环氧化前的Mw的范围,优选300~10000。当Mw小于300时,羟基(OH)、醛基(CHO基)、羧基(COOH基)之数不充分,耐热性低,是不优选的。还有,当Mw大于10000时,环氧化后的Mw′大于20000,溶解性降低(难溶于用来制造树脂清漆的有机溶剂),是不优选的。
另外,从充分的耐热性及溶解性的观点看,Mw′的范围更优选大于1200且在20000以下。另外,当特别要求耐热性时,Mw′的范围优选大于12000且在20000以下。
本发明的环氧树脂组合物,其特征在于,含有上述来自生物质的环氧化合物及固化剂。
本发明的环氧树脂组合物,其特征在于,上述固化剂为来自生物质的化合物。
本发明的环氧树脂清漆,其特征在于,含有上述环氧树脂组合物与用来溶解该环氧树脂组合物的有机溶剂,该环氧树脂组合物的浓度为10~90重量%。
本发明的环氧树脂清漆,其特征在于,上述有机溶剂为醇类、酮类、芳香族类等。
本发明的环氧树脂清漆,其特征在于,上述醇类为2-甲氧基乙醇、2-乙氧基乙醇、2-丙氧基乙醇、2-丁氧基乙醇等,上述酮类为甲乙酮、异丁基乙酮、环己酮、γ-丁内酯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等,上述芳香族类为甲苯、二甲苯等。
本发明的半固化片,其特征在于,用上述环氧树脂清漆浸渍基材、加以干燥而制成。
采用该半固化片可以制造印刷布线板、电子仪器、旋转电机等。
本发明的来自生物质的环氧化合物的制造方法,该方法是生物质化合物与表氯醇在碱性水溶液中反应、制造来自生物质的环氧化合物的方法,其特征在于,碱性水溶液的pH为13.5~11.0。
本发明的来自生物质的环氧化合物的制造方法,其特征在于,上述碱性水溶液为有机铵水溶液、碱土类金属水溶液、碳酸盐水溶液。
上述有机铵水溶液,包含氢氧化四烷基铵。而且,该氢氧化四烷基铵是选自氢氧化四甲基铵、氢氧化四乙基铵、氢氧化四丙基铵及氢氧化四丁基铵的物质,其中1种或2种以上可混合使用。
作为上述碳酸盐,有碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸钙等。
作为生物质固化剂,是具有羟基(OH基)、醛基(CHO基)、羧基(COOH基)的化合物,具体的可以举出水蒸气粉解低分子木质素、碱木质素、Klason木质素、木质酚等。
环氧化前的Mw的范围优选300~10000,当Mw小于300时,OH基、CHO基、羧基之数不充分,耐热性低,是不优选的。还有,当Mw大于10000,环氧化时,溶解性降低,是不优选的。
从充分的耐热性及溶解性的观点看,Mw的范围大于1200且10000以下是更优选的。
在清漆中存在未溶解物,当其为环氧树脂组合物时,环氧化合物及固化剂的部分配合比例与化学计量比不同,故固化物的耐热性及稳定性及耐吸水性等降低,是不优选的。因此,溶于有机溶剂是必需条件。
另一方面,来自石油的环氧化合物、来自石油的固化剂,化学结构明确,通过配合这些物质,可容易地进行环氧树脂组合物的物性控制。还有,形成溶解性优良的物质为多数。
本发明中使用的来自石油的环氧化合物及固化剂,具有溶解性及耐热性。对其未作特别限定,但具体的的环氧化合物可以举出,双酚A型、双酚F缩水甘油醚型、双酚S缩水甘油醚型、双酚AD型缩水甘油醚型、苯酚酚醛清漆型、甲酚酚醛清漆型、3,3′,5,5′-四甲基-4,4′-二羟基联苯基缩水甘油醚型等。这些作为环氧化合物时,优选Na+、Cl-等离子性物质尽可能少的物质。
另外,本发明中使用的来自石油的固化剂,可以举出线型结构的胺、脂环式胺、芳香族胺、环状结构的胺、改性胺、酸酐、马来酸酐、多元酚类固化剂、双酚类固化剂、聚酚类固化剂、酚醛清漆型酚类固化剂、亚烷基改性酚类固化剂等。这些既可单独使用也可2种以上混合使用。固化剂,优选Na+、Cl-等离子性物质尽可能少的物质。
本发明中使用的催化剂,在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中,可把一般使用的公知的固化促进剂,与1种或2种以上组合,根据需要配合。作为该固化促进剂,可以举出叔胺化合物、咪唑类、有机膦类、磷化合物、四苯基硼盐及这些的衍生物等。固化促进剂的配合量,只要是能达到固化促进效果的量即可而未作特别限定。
还有,在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中,可把公知的偶合剂1种或2种以上加以组合,根据需要进行配合。作为该偶合剂材料,可以举出环氧硅烷、氨基硅烷、脲基硅烷、乙烯基硅烷、烷基硅烷、有机钛酸酯、烷基化铝等。
还有,作为阻燃剂,可以把红磷、磷酸、磷酸酯、蜜胺、蜜胺衍生物、具有三嗪环的化合物、氰脲酸衍生物、异氰脲酸衍生物等含氮化合物、环膦嗪等含磷氮化合物、氧化锌、氧化铁、氧化钼、二茂铁等金属化合物、三氧化锑、四氧化锑、五氧化锑等氧化锑、溴化环氧树脂等1种或2种以上组合进行配合。
在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中,还可以混合一般采用的无机填充材料。无机填充材料是用于提高吸湿性、导热性及强度,降低热膨胀系数而配合的。具体的可以举出熔融二氧化硅、结晶二氧化硅、氧化铝、锆石、硅酸钙、碳酸钙、钛酸钾、碳化硅、氮化硅、氮化铝、氮化硼、氧化铍、氧化锆、锆石、镁橄榄石、滑石、尖晶石(スピレル)、莫来石、二氧化钛等粉体,还有,将这些加工成球形的珠粒、玻璃纤维等。
另外,作为具有阻燃效果的无机填料,可以举出氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、硅酸锌、钼酸锌等。这些无机填料,既可用1种也可2种以上组合使用。
另外,在环氧树脂组合物中,既可根据需要添加其他树脂,也可添加用于促进反应的催化剂、阻燃剂、流平剂、消泡剂等添加剂。
在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中,还可配合用于提高电子仪器的耐湿性、高温放置特性(耐热性)的离子捕集剂。对离子捕集剂的种类未作特别限定,可以使用公知的物质。具体的可以举出水滑石类、镁、铝、钛、锆、铋等元素的含水氧化物等。既可用1种也可2种以上组合使用。
另外,在本发明的环氧树脂组合物中,作为其他添加物还可根据需要配合硅橡胶粉末等应力缓和剂、染料、炭黑等着色剂、流平剂、消泡剂等。
本发明的环氧树脂组合物,只要是能均匀混合所配合的构成要素(材料)的办法,可采用任何方法进行混合。一般,称量规定量后,采用球磨机、三辊磨机、真空粉碎机、加热研磨机、混合搅拌机等进行分散混合。
以本发明使用的来自生物质的环氧化合物作为成分的环氧树脂组合物,由于溶解性及耐热性优良,故采用它的制品的可靠性大幅提高。
在镀铜膜层压板制造时,用环氧树脂组合物清漆浸渍玻璃布的工序是必需的,故必需把环氧树脂组合物溶解于溶剂(有机溶剂)中。
还有,本发明使用的环氧树脂组合物,在加热成型时具有优良的成型性。例如,对安装倒装片的孔格栅阵列(FC-BGA)的间隙(100μm缝隙),采用毛细管流法封入含环氧树脂组合物时,成型性恶化,发生对芯片的隅角端部的填充不良及卷入气泡,使半导体装置的可靠性降低。
作为采用本发明的环氧树脂组合物的制品,可以举出如下。采用半固化片的镀铜膜层压板、内装成镀铜膜层压板的各种计算机及手机,以及线圈部采用半固化片绝缘的各种马达,安装了该马达的工业用自动装置及旋转机等。另外,采用本发明的密封材料密封元件的芯片尺寸组件,采用上述来自生物质的环氧树脂组合物的粘接剂及涂料等。
下面,对本发明的实施例加以具体的说明,但本发明又不受这些实施例的特别限定。
示出实施例中使用的供试材料。下面用商品名或简略号表示。
低分子木质素:以杉木质素作为原料的Mw1500(羟基当量400g/eq);木质酚:Mw4400(羟基当量160g/eq)东洋树脂(株)制造;HP850:日立化成工业(株)制造;邻-甲酚酚醛清漆树脂(环氧当量106g/eq);P-200:咪唑类固化催化剂(ジヤパンエポキシレジン(株)制造);KBM403:偶合剂(信越化学工业(株)制造;γ-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷);JER828:ジヤパンエポキシレジン(株)制造(双酚A型环氧树脂,环氧当量190g/eq);RE404S:日本化学(株)制造(双酚F型环氧树脂,环氧当量165g/eq);
カヤハ-ドAA:4,4′-亚甲基双(2-乙基苯胺)(日本化学(株)制造);
MHAC-P:甲基-3,6-端亚甲基-1,2,3,6-四氢酞酸酐(日立化成工业(株)制造)mw178。下面说明各种评价方法。
(评价方法)
(a)溶解性
环氧化生物质(来自生物质的环氧化合物)的溶解性,相对2-甲氧基乙醇及甲乙酮的混合溶剂(重量比:等重量)浓度50重量%的溶解性,采用目视法进行评价。此时,○表示完全溶解,×表示部分不溶解。
(b)重均分子量
重均分子量(聚苯乙烯换算值),检测器采用日立化成工业(株)制造的L-4000型(UV检测器270nm)进行测定。测定条件如下所示。
柱:Gelpak GL-S300 MDT-5×2,柱温度:30℃,流量:1.0mL/分,洗脱液:DMF/THF=1/1(升)+磷酸0.06M+LiBr 0.06M。在此,DMF为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,THF为四氢呋喃。
(c)环氧当量
按照JIS K 7236(盐酸吡啶法)进行测定。
(d)羟基当量
按照JIS K 6755进行测定。
(e)环氧化的确认
溶剂采用重氢化的二甲亚砜,测定合成品的1H-NMR,从2.6ppm及2.8ppm确认导入的环氧基的质子。另外,采用FT-IR,从910cm-1的吸收,确认环氧基。
(f)玻璃化转变温度(Tg)
Tg,使表1所示的各实施例、比较例的组合物,在室温~250℃,进行固化1小时,得到100μm的膜,用DMA装置测定E′及E″(升温速度5℃/min),从作为其比的tanδ的峰温度求出。
(g)剪切强度
制造负型感光性聚酰亚胺(日立化成デユポンマイクロシステムズ(株)制造,PL-H708型)基板上具有4mm×4mm×1mm t的该环氧树脂固化物块的样品,采用万能粘接试验机(テイジ社制造,PC2400型),测定感光性聚酰亚胺及环氧树脂固化物间的剪切粘接强度,评价粘接性。把剪切刀具固定在感光性聚酰亚胺上50μm的高度,以刀具速度300μm/sec评价剪切强度。
(h)焊锡耐热性
镀铜膜层压板的焊锡耐热性按照JIS C 6481进行测定。把50mm镀铜膜层压板按照此规格蚀刻铜,于煮沸蒸馏水中放1小时,把吸水过的试样于260℃焊锡槽内浸渍3分钟,调查有无剥离。
(i)体积低效率,按照JIS C 6481,于25℃进行测定。
(j)铜剥离强度,按照JIS C 6481进行测定。
下面,对实施例进行说明。
实施例1
在安装了搅拌叶片、冷却管及温度计的2L(升)四口烧瓶里,加入低分子木质素100g及10%氢氧化四甲基铵水溶液300g,搅拌30分钟使溶解。
另外,添加表氯醇300g,用油浴加热至120℃,回流1小时。然后,把溶液冷却至室温后,移至分液漏斗中,用纯水把油层洗涤至中性。
除去水后,添加20%氢氧化四甲基铵水溶液50g,于120℃回流1小时,进行水洗。
将其用旋转蒸发器蒸发除去表氯醇、水及副产物约80%,加入2L乙醇,得到白色沉淀物。
在此,使用乙醇,但不限于此,其他的醇例如甲醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇等也可以使用。
过滤后进行真空干燥,得到环氧化低分子木质素EL1。
EL1从1H-NMR得到2.6ppm及2.8ppm的峰,还有,用FT-IR得到914cm-1的吸收,确认向木质素导入(加成)了环氧基。
在本实施例中得到产量106g,Mw′为2800。另外,在等重量的2 MOE(2-甲氧基乙醇)中良好地溶解。氢氧化四甲基铵水溶液的pH为12.9。在此,pH为氢离子浓度。
实施例2
采用pH=12.6的氢氧化四乙基铵水溶液,采用实施例1中所述的方法,合成环氧化的低分子木质素EL2。产量104g,Mw′为2590。另外,溶解于2MOE中。从1H-NMR及FT-IR确认环氧基的导入。
实施例3
采用pH=11.6的碳酸钾,按照实施例1,合成环氧化的低分子木质素EL3。产量110g,Mw′为2900。另外,溶解于2MOE中。从1H-NMR及FT-IR确认环氧基的导入。
实施例4
采用木质酚与pH=11.8的碳酸钾,按照实施例1,合成环氧化的木质酚ELP1。产量102g,Mw′为7600。另外,溶解于2MOE中。从1H-NMR及FT-IR确认环氧基的导入。
比较例1
在安装了搅拌叶片、冷却管及温度计的2L四口烧瓶里,加入低分子木质素100g及10%苛性钠水溶液300g,搅拌30分钟使溶解。
另外,添加表氯醇300g,92℃下回流1小时。
然后,把溶液冷却至室温后移至分液漏斗中,用纯水把油层洗涤至中性。除去水后,添加10%苛性钠水溶液30g,于92℃反应1小时,回流、进行水洗。从该溶液除去表氯醇、水及副产物约80%,加入2L乙醇,得到白色沉淀物。
将其过滤后进行真空干燥,得到环氧化的木质素ELh1。ELh1从1H-NMR及FT-IR确认导入了环氧基。产量106g,由于ELh1于GPC测定用溶剂四氢呋喃及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中不溶解,故不能测定Mw′。另外,也不溶于2 MOE。苛性钠的pH为14.0。
比较例2
环氧基导入的反应条件变更为45℃、95mmHg、0.5小时的条件外,采用与比较例1同样的条件进行环氧化,得到环氧化的木质素ELh2。ELh2从1H-NMR及FT-IR确认导入了环氧基。ELh2产量105g,由于ELh2于四氢呋喃及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中不溶解,故不能测定Mw′。另外,也不溶于2 MOE。
比较例3
除生物质化合物采用木质酚外,采用与比较例2同样的条件进行环氧化,得到环氧化的木质酚ELPh3。ELPh3从1H-NMR及FT-IR确认导入了环氧基。ELPh3产量106g,由于ELPh3于四氢呋喃及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中不溶解,故不能测定Mw′。另外,也不溶于2MOE。
比较例4
采用低分子木质素及pH=10.9的碳酸钠,反应条件为92℃、2小时,按照比较例1,得到环氧化的木质素ELh4。产量106g,Mw′为1600。ELh4溶于2MOE,但从1H-NMR及FT-IR不能确认导入了环氧基。
从实施例1~4及比较例1~4可知,在低分子木质素及木质酚的情况,当碱水溶液的pH为13.5~11.0时,环氧化合物的Mw′达到原料Mw的2倍以内。因此,分子量的增加少,溶解性优良。
在比较例1~4的情况,作为碱水溶液,采用pH14.0的苛性钠,从1H-NMR及FT-IR可以确认所得到的物质的环氧化,但由于所得到的物质不溶于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺及四氢呋喃,无法测定Mw′。认为是因为在反应过程中的高分子量化的同时交联反应也部分发生。
当采用弱碱性的pH10.9的碳酸钠时,溶解性良好,但从1H-NMR不能确认环氧基的导入。
其次,进行所得到的物质的清漆化、采用该清漆的镀铜膜层压板的制造及其特性评价。
实施例5~11(采用环氧树脂组合物清漆的镀铜膜层压板的特性)在采用实施例1中得到的Mw′2800的环氧化木质素EL1(环氧当量395g/eq)中,作为固化剂加入以化学计量比的低分子木质素后,添加混合以使P-200(催化剂)达到环氧树脂组合物的0.5重量%、2-甲氧基乙醇及甲乙酮的等重量的混合溶剂中树脂成分浓度达到50重量%,得到环氧树脂组合物清漆。以此作为实施例5。
在实施例6~11中,按照上述混合方法,分别混合环氧化合物、固化剂等,得到清漆。环氧化舍物、固化剂及固化催化剂分别使用表1所示的材料。另外,有机溶剂采用上述混合溶剂。
对厚度100μm的玻璃布(30cm方形)浸渍在环氧树脂组合物清漆中,于130℃热风干燥机内8分钟,使环氧树脂组合物形成中间固化状态(称作B阶),得到6张不发粘的半固化片。把其6张重叠,再上下重叠厚度35μm的铜箔,在真空压力机内加热至220℃(升温速度6℃/分钟),得到进一步完全固化(220℃1小时)状态(C阶)的无缺陷镀铜膜层压板。
实施例5~11中得到的镀铜膜层压板的特性与组成一起示于表1。其中,“828”为JER 828之简称。
比较例5
一并列于表1的比较例5,由于不能清漆化,剥离强度小,焊锡耐热性评价中剥离。
表1
*=2-甲氧基乙醇/甲乙酮(等重量)
LP=木质酚
实施例12
(树脂密封材料)采用三辊磨机及真空粉碎机把环氧树脂组合物进行混炼,制成树脂密封材料。其组成如下所示。
把RE404S(双酚F型环氧树脂,日本化药(株)制造,环氧当量165g/eq)45g、EL1(55g)及木质素120g加以混合,添加催化剂P-200至环氧树脂组合物以使达到0.5重量%与偶合材料KBM403达到2重量%。
另外,添加离子捕集剂IWE500(东亚合成(株)制造)1.0重量%,得到环氧树脂组合物A。
另外,把高纯度球状填料3种加以混合,相对上述环氧树脂组合物A配合50vol%,得到树脂密封材料A。3种高纯度球状填料为SP-4B(扶桑化学(株)制造,平均粒径5.1μm)、QS4F2(三菱しイヨン(株)制造,平均粒径4.6μm)、SO25R((株)龙森制造,平均粒径0.68μm)。
树脂密封材料A的Tg为180℃,剪切强度为8.8MPa。
采用RE404S(55g)及MHAC-P(59g)的组成,按照树脂密封材料A制造树脂密封材料B。
结果是,树脂密封材料B的Tg为170℃,剪切强度为3.8MPa。这可以认为是生物质化合物特征的固化物中含有大量羟基所致。
树脂密封材料A适于图1所示的倒装片型孔格栅阵列(FC-BGA)。
在该图中,1为布线电路基板,2为电镀金属,3为金属凸起(焊锡凸起),4为半导体元件,5为焊锡孔,6为树脂密封材料。布线电路基板1的电镀金属2及半导体元件4,采用金属凸起3连接。布线电路基板1与半导体元件4之间的缝隙,涂布树脂密封材料6,采用毛细管流法、加热(180℃)密封。该缝隙为100μm,凸起节距(金属凸起3的节距)为150μm。
如上所述,确认树脂密封材料A可以适用于FC-BGA。
以上当对实施例与比较例进行比较时,本发明的来自生物质的环氧树脂,高Tg(耐热性)与溶解性两全。具有当比较剪切强度时示出比现有例高的值的特征。
Claims (2)
1.来自生物质的环氧化合物的制造方法,其特征在于,该方法包括:把作为原料的来自生物质的化合物溶于碱性水溶液的工序、向该溶液添加表氯醇进行加热的工序、以及使该表氯醇蒸发除去后使来自生物质的环氧化合物沉淀的工序,上述碱性水溶液的pH为13.5~11.0;
上述来自生物质的化合物为木质素或木质酚。
2.按照权利要求1所述的来自生物质的环氧化合物的制造方法,其特征在于,上述碱性水溶液为有机铵水溶液、碱土类金属水溶液、碳酸盐水溶液。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008-326634 | 2008-12-23 | ||
JP2008326634A JP5072822B2 (ja) | 2008-12-23 | 2008-12-23 | バイオマス由来エポキシ化合物及びその製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101759857A CN101759857A (zh) | 2010-06-30 |
CN101759857B true CN101759857B (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
Family
ID=42264411
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2009102614469A Expired - Fee Related CN101759857B (zh) | 2008-12-23 | 2009-12-15 | 来自生物质的环氧化合物及其制造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8232365B2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5072822B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101759857B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5244728B2 (ja) | 2009-07-28 | 2013-07-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | バイオマス由来エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
CN102558507B (zh) * | 2010-12-14 | 2013-12-25 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 生质环氧树脂的原料及生质环氧树脂的制备方法 |
TWI487780B (zh) * | 2012-05-03 | 2015-06-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 難燃積層板 |
US10711153B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2020-07-14 | Stora Enso Oyj | Composition comprising lignin and epoxy compound for coating and method for the manufacturing thereof and use thereof |
DE102013219718A1 (de) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Härtbare Harzzusammensetzung, Faserverbundmaterial, Kit zur Herstellung einer härtbaren Harzzusammensetzung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gehärteten Harzes sowie eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes |
TWI499634B (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-09-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 防焊組合物、及其固化產物 |
US9932495B2 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2018-04-03 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Lignin derived photo-responsive coatings |
CN106398615A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 苏州市凌云工艺扇厂 | 一种耐水扇用胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
WO2018047772A1 (ja) | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-15 | 出光興産株式会社 | リグニン含有樹脂組成物の製造方法及びリグニン含有樹脂成形品 |
FR3074798B1 (fr) | 2017-12-11 | 2019-11-15 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Produit isolant comprenant des fibres minerales et un liant |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0855427A1 (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1998-07-29 | Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Aqueous dispersion composition |
JP2002151530A (ja) * | 2000-11-13 | 2002-05-24 | Toray Ind Inc | 半導体装置の製造方法およびその製造方法で得られる半導体装置 |
CN1637038A (zh) * | 2004-12-03 | 2005-07-13 | 福州大学 | 高沸醇木质素环氧树脂的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3984363A (en) * | 1973-12-14 | 1976-10-05 | Alelio Gaetano F D | Polymerizable lignin derivatives |
US4001202A (en) * | 1975-10-17 | 1977-01-04 | Westvaco Corporation | Process for making sulfonated lignin surfactants |
US4918167A (en) * | 1988-04-19 | 1990-04-17 | Center For Innovative Technology | Method of producing prepolymers from hydroxyalkyl lignin derivatives |
JP3265984B2 (ja) | 1995-12-26 | 2002-03-18 | 松下電工株式会社 | エポキシ樹脂組成物、この樹脂組成物を用いたプリプレグ、及びこのプリプレグを用いた積層板 |
JP3299110B2 (ja) | 1996-04-15 | 2002-07-08 | 正光 船岡 | リグノフェノール系成形体、その製造方法、リグノフェノール系成形体の処理方法 |
JP4015035B2 (ja) | 2003-02-06 | 2007-11-28 | 岐阜県 | 吸水材料及びその製造方法 |
JP2005199209A (ja) | 2004-01-16 | 2005-07-28 | Kanazawa Univ Tlo Inc | 汚染土壌のファイトレメディエーションと有用資源化方法 |
JP4561242B2 (ja) | 2004-08-27 | 2010-10-13 | 株式会社明電舎 | 絶縁性高分子材料組成物 |
JP5176170B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-02 | 2013-04-03 | エフテックス有限会社 | ポリエチレンテレフタレート系透明耐熱耐油性積層体名札の製造方法 |
JP5315606B2 (ja) | 2006-12-01 | 2013-10-16 | 株式会社明電舎 | 絶縁性高分子材料組成物 |
JP2009263549A (ja) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 植物由来のエポキシ樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた各種機器 |
JP5396747B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-02 | 2014-01-22 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | プリプレグ及びそれを用いた基板 |
JP2009292884A (ja) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-17 | Hitachi Ltd | リグノフェノール系エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
-
2008
- 2008-12-23 JP JP2008326634A patent/JP5072822B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-12-15 CN CN2009102614469A patent/CN101759857B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-23 US US12/645,726 patent/US8232365B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0855427A1 (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1998-07-29 | Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Aqueous dispersion composition |
JP2002151530A (ja) * | 2000-11-13 | 2002-05-24 | Toray Ind Inc | 半導体装置の製造方法およびその製造方法で得られる半導体装置 |
CN1637038A (zh) * | 2004-12-03 | 2005-07-13 | 福州大学 | 高沸醇木质素环氧树脂的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2010150298A (ja) | 2010-07-08 |
US20100155122A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
CN101759857A (zh) | 2010-06-30 |
JP5072822B2 (ja) | 2012-11-14 |
US8232365B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101759857B (zh) | 来自生物质的环氧化合物及其制造方法 | |
CN101384642B (zh) | 酚树脂的制造方法和环氧树脂的制造方法 | |
TWI638850B (zh) | Epoxy resin mixture, epoxy resin composition, cured product and semiconductor device | |
CN101128501B (zh) | 环氧树脂,含环氧树脂的可固化树脂组合物及其用途 | |
KR100430576B1 (ko) | 변성에폭시수지,에폭시수지조성물및그의경화물 | |
CN104470965B9 (zh) | 环氧树脂、环氧树脂组合物及固化物 | |
CN103012742B (zh) | 线型酚醛环氧树脂和环氧树脂组合物 | |
JP5682928B2 (ja) | フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂及びその硬化物 | |
CN103897143B (zh) | 环氧树脂、环氧树脂的制造方法及其使用 | |
CN104559068B (zh) | 一种热固性树脂组合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
JP2010241855A (ja) | エポキシ樹脂組成物 | |
TW201434943A (zh) | 環氧樹脂組成物及硬化物 | |
TWI445726B (zh) | Epoxy resin, epoxy resin composition and hardened product thereof | |
US20110024168A1 (en) | Biomass-derived epoxy resin composition | |
CN108291009A (zh) | 环氧树脂组成物、预浸体、环氧树脂组成物成型体及其硬化物 | |
JP2008195843A (ja) | フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物、およびその硬化物 | |
JP2014196416A (ja) | エポキシ化リグニン、その製造方法、その樹脂組成物およびその成形材料 | |
JP5744010B2 (ja) | エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 | |
TW201437254A (zh) | 多羥基聚醚樹脂之製造方法,多羥基聚醚樹脂,其樹脂組成物及其硬化物 | |
JP4363048B2 (ja) | エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 | |
JP3940945B2 (ja) | 電子部品封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物 | |
CN105579488A (zh) | 具有联萘骨架的环氧树脂 | |
JP2018178024A (ja) | リグニン由来のエポキシ樹脂の製造方法、リグニン由来のエポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 | |
JP2018178023A (ja) | リグニン由来のエポキシ樹脂の製造方法、リグニン由来のエポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 | |
JP5579300B2 (ja) | エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130320 Termination date: 20161215 |