CN101707959A - Method for raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting - Google Patents

Method for raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101707959A
CN101707959A CN200910154374A CN200910154374A CN101707959A CN 101707959 A CN101707959 A CN 101707959A CN 200910154374 A CN200910154374 A CN 200910154374A CN 200910154374 A CN200910154374 A CN 200910154374A CN 101707959 A CN101707959 A CN 101707959A
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integra
llex
cutting
cuttage
raising seedlings
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CN101707959B (en
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章建红
李修鹏
徐志豪
黄宗兴
杨同辉
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Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant agamous propagation and provides a method for raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, which solves the technical problem that the conventional agamous propagation of the llex integra is difficult. The method comprises the following steps of: shearing spikes of a one-year-old half-lignified branch or an annual half-lignified hardwood branch, soaking the sheared one-year-old half-lignified branch or annual half-lignified hardwood branch into a blended hormone solution of an NAA, a DMSO and a VC or a PVP, inserting the soaked one-year-old half-lignified branch or annual half-lignified hardwood branch into a substrate prepared by mixing turf, vermiculite and perlite, and performing rooting culture management in a small sealed row cover. The technique for raising seedlings by cutting provided by the invention fulfils the aims of high rooting rate and simple operation and solves the problem that the agamous propagation of the llex integra is difficult. The obtained nursery stocks are excellent in quality and can adapt to the climatic environment in most parts of the Yangtze River Delta in China. The method of the invention has very important function and significance for the protection and reasonable development and use of the llex integra resource.

Description

A kind of method of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant asexual multiplication technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting.
Background technology
Full edge Chinese ilex (Ilex integra Thunb.) is an Aquifoliaceae Ilex aiphyllium, Gao Keda 9m, bark pitchy; Tree crown is coniform, and is tree-like tall and straight, the tree performance grace; Blade heavy leather matter, dark green leaf color, evergreen all the year round, the compactness that is thick with leaves, full edge; Fruit is spherical, and cerise when ripe enhances each other's beauty with greenery, and is very bright-coloured pleasing.
Full edge Chinese ilex often is grown in the rock seam of seashore or soil such as mountain valley, hillside, seashore is barren, influenced under the harsh environmental conditions such as big and arid by the sea fog sea wind, have stronger salt tolerant alkalescence, drought-resistant ability and wind loading rating, the suitable applied range of giving birth to, be the anti-lean strand Zhen Shu of a kind of wind resistance, very be suitable as street tree, garden tree, amenity forest and the shelter forest of Yangtze River Delta coastal area.Simultaneously, full edge Chinese ilex trunk is perfectly straight, the wood structure densification, and planing surface is smooth, is high-quality materials such as building, furniture, joiner.In addition, full edge Chinese ilex is China's offshore islands and total kind of Japan, and there are academic significance in research China and Japanese plant's fauna.Because of its area is narrow, plant is scattered, and elite stand quantity is few, and the natural regeneration ability has been in the condition of demanding urgently protecting, now has been put into the rare protective plant register in imminent danger in Zhejiang Province.
Full edge Chinese ilex seed is long because of resting stage, have the characteristic of next year germinateing because storage time is long, especially summer matrix humidity be difficult to control, seed propagation is failed.The nature cuttage also difficulty take root; as (Xu Binfen; kingdom is bright; Wang Meiqin etc. distribution and the propagation technique [J] of full edge Chinese ilex and ilex creanate. Chinese wild plant resource; 2007; 26 (4): the propagation technique of 63-65) being introduced about full edge Chinese ilex is to adopt general HORMONE TREATMENT; rooting rate is also less than 60%; and the duration of taking root is longer; increased the management difficulty of cuttage phase; therefore develop a kind of technical method of suitable raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting,, promote the protection of full edge Chinese ilex resource and reasonable development to have crucial meaning accelerating the quick breeding of full edge Chinese ilex.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the present situation at prior art, and a kind of survival rate height, easy and simple to handle is provided, thereby solves the method for the raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting of existing full edge Chinese ilex vegetative propagation difficulty.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of method of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, and the measure of being taked: may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is set up in booth through the seedbed of sterilization, the wide 0.8m~1.5m in seedbed, and build little shed on the seedbed, in the seedbed, lay sterile-processed cutting medium;
Step 2 from the llex integra by cutting female parent, take semi-lignified current-year branch or all one's life a year hard branch cut fringe, be cut into two buds, two leaves, length is the plugged ear of 4cm~6cm;
The step 3 hormone immersion treatment that again plugged ear that obtains in the step 2 is mixed;
Step 4 is carried out cuttage in medium of seedling bed, the cuttage degree of depth is 1.5cm~2.5cm, and keeps density cuttage rear blade not overlapping;
Water irrigates matrix after the step 5 cuttage, and to branch foliage spray disinfecting liquid, covered with plastic film and shade net on shed then enter the management after the cuttage.
The measure of taking also comprises:
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, the bar shaped bamboo plate that little shed in the step 1 adopts long 2m, wide 2cm and two ends to fine away, and with the spacing arrangement of 65cm~75cm, and insert in the matrix of both sides, seedbed and fix, or the employing diameter is the PVC electrical casing pipe replacement bamboo plate of 16mm.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, cutting medium in the step 1 adopts peat, vermiculite, perlitic mixed substrate, its volume ratio is a peat: vermiculite: perlite=4: 2: 4 or peat: vermiculite: perlite=3: 5: 2, and the cutting medium gross thickness is 12cm~15cm.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, the nursery bed disinfection in the step 1 adopts 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate to spray, and the cutting medium sterilization adopts 55% fenaminosulf solution of 1000 times of liquid to irrigate.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, the hormone solution that is mixed in the step 3 comprises outside the necessary methyl of general hestening rooting, also added the active component dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and added antioxidants ascorbic acid, polyethylene adjoins pyrrolidone, its processing mode is adjoined the pyrrolidone solution soaking 0.5h that is mixed for the polyethylene with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)+1000mg/L of methyl+1% of the ascorbic acid of the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)+500mg/L of methyl+1% of 200mg/L or 200mg/L.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, the disinfecting liquid to foliage spray in the step 5 is 50% carbendazol wettable powder or the 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder pulvis solution of 1000 times of liquid.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, management in the step 5 after the cuttage comprises water supply in media and ambient humidity management: insert the little shed in back and take closed overlay film, after the cuttage before take root, keeping water content of substrate is that 60%~70% and relative air humidity of saturation moisture content is more than 85%~95%, behind the beginning root of hair, should suitably reduce water content of substrate, about 40% and the relative air humidity that remain on saturation moisture content are more than 75%.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, management in the step 5 after the cuttage also comprises illumination and temperature treatment: the cuttage initial stage is added a cover the shade net of double-deck 55%~65% sunshade rate on shed and outside the booth, wait to begin to be kept to one deck behind the root of hair, make the temperature in the shed be controlled at 20 ℃~25 ℃, summer temp surpasses 38 ℃, during high temperature season outside little shed spray cooling.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting, after cuttage, spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder or the 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder pulvis solution of 800 times of liquid~1000 times liquid in the step 5 every 18~22d, use perhaps hockets.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, this method management is very easy because llex integra by cutting is taken root the duration longer, can reach more than half a year, this method adopts the totally-enclosed technology of preserving moisture of overlay film when cuttage, water of benefit about one month has reduced recruitment basically, has reduced production cost;
2, cutting medium adopts aseptic light matrix, and no grass-seed does not have remaining germ and insect, makes in the clean quiet environment of full edge Chinese ilex to take root, and is convenient to management;
3, the contrast rooting rate that does not deal with is less than 20%, and this method has improved the nursery stock root survival greatly, and rooting rate reaches more than 80%;
4, rooting efficiency is remarkable, the amount of taking root showed increased, and average every fringe amount of taking root reaches 9.1, is applicable to the climatic environment of Yangtze River Delta Area, the transplanting survival rate height, the full edge Chinese ilex well developed root system that obtains, best in quality, market prospects are wide.
5, compare with general difficulty several hours seeds soup processing time of taking root, owing to added cytoactive component dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the soup processing time is short, be 0.5h only in this method, is convenient to apply in the production.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiments of the invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention be not limited to these embodiment.
1, the preparation in cuttage place:
In beam-connected greenhouse or monomer booth, set up through the seedbed of sterilization, wherein seedbed leveling, bedside 100cm, length generally about 30m, is adorned plate washer or fragment of brick all around in the seedbed, and height is about 15cm.In the seedbed, lay sterile-processed cutting medium then, here cutting medium adopts stable nothing to rot, the blending agent of good permeability (gas permeability, water penetration), evenly be mixed with peat, vermiculite, perlite, its proportioning (volume ratio) adopts peat spring and summer: vermiculite: perlite=4: 2: 4, and moisture is less in the fall, air humidity is low, then increase the vermiculite consumption, used proportioning is a peat: vermiculite: perlite=3: 5: 2, and the cutting medium gross thickness is 12cm~15cm.Nursery bed disinfection adopts 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate to spray, and the cutting medium sterilization adopts 55% fenaminosulf solution of 1000 times of liquid to irrigate, and gets final product cuttage behind the 2d.Build shed on the seedbed, the shed film thickness is 3~5, adopts length 2.0m, wide 2cm bamboo plate encircles, and with the spacing arrangement of 65cm~75cm, and inserting in the matrix of both sides, seedbed fixingly, the also available diameter of bamboo plate is 16mm the PVC electrical casing pipe replaces here.
2, the selection of plugged ear material:
From eugonic full edge Chinese ilex female parent, take the current-year branch or the annual hard branch of semi-lignified to cut fringe, be cut into two leaves, two buds, length is the plugged ear of 4cm~6cm, optic lobe sheet internode length and deciding, clipper must be sharp, must disinfect in alcohol before use, the requirement otch is level and smooth, not broken not splitting of skin.Upper cut adopts flat nick, and from about bud 1cm, lower cut adopts angular cut, is about 0.5cm from the distance of bud, and it is level and smooth that otch is wanted, and accomplishes with cutting with cuttage.
3, the HORMONE TREATMENT of plugged ear material:
The cutting that shears is one group according to 30~50 fringe bars ties up, in the hormone for preparing, soak 0.5h, hormone combination is the PVP of the NAA+1%DMSO+1000mg/L of the VC of NAA+1%DMSO+500mg/L of 200mg/L or 200mg/L, dissolve NAA with alcohol earlier during the hormone preparation, alcohol is too much unsuitable, is advisable can just dissolve NAA, and then adds DMSO and VC or PVP, wherein NAA is methyl, and it is a kind of somatotropin; DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and it is a kind of cell activator, and VC is ascorbic acid, and PVP makes polyethylene adjoin pyrrolidone, and it is a kind of active component, and VC and PVP are antioxidants.Fringe bar base portion 1cm~2cm submerges in the hormone solution during immersion, must guard against whole fringe bar bubble in hormone, when root-growing agent is handled, the base portion of need guaranteeing to transplant a cutting is concordant, avoid some cutting to fail to dip in hormone solution, and when tying up the fringe bar, can not tightly pinch the cutting blade, avoid because of the easy bacteria infection of blade jackknifing.
4, cuttage:
Before cuttage, medium is watered permeable, water and to carry out repeatedly, till guaranteeing thoroughly to irrigate, cuttage in time after watering, cutting density 4cm * 5cm, cuttage degree of depth principle is to need only fixedly plugged ear, and is suitable shallow unsuitable dark, be generally about 1.5cm~2.5cm, and keep density cuttage rear blade not overlapping.After finishing, cuttage to irrigate one time water at once, make to transplant a cutting and fully contact with matrix, avoid transplanting a cutting dehydration, treat that the blade face sprays 50% carbendazim or the 70% thiophanate methyl solution of 800 times of liquid~1000 times liquid after dried slightly again, take little shed at once behind the spray medicine, with wide 200cm plastic film covering, sealing all around, be close to shade net one deck that film covers sunshade rate 55%~65%, outside booth, set up one deck sunshade net again, enter and insert the back management.
5, the management after the cuttage:
Insert the back initial stage every 7d, callus forms the carbendazim of back every 800 times of liquid~1000 times liquid of 20d left and right sides periodically sprinkle, tpn or thiophanate methyl, should keep water content of substrate at the cuttage initial stage is 60%~70% of saturation moisture content, relative air humidity is more than 85%~95%, 35d left and right sides callus forms, begin root of hair about 55d, but root of hair is chronic, needs to continue more than 6 months, behind the beginning root of hair, should suitably reduce water content of substrate, remain on about 40% of saturation moisture content and get final product, air humidity is generally mended a water every 20~30d and is got final product more than 75%.
Plugged ear is not before callus forms, illumination should not be strong excessively, should take to shelter from heat or light according to season and weather condition, the early stage requirement has 85% shading rate, can adopt the sunshade of 55%~65% shading rate two-layer down on the net, when humidity is abundant in the not high and canopy in temperature, can suitably increase illumination, after cuttage a period of time, callus formed, suitably add intense light irradiation, what help transplanting a cutting takes root and nourishes and grows.Temperature preferably is controlled at 20 ℃~25 ℃ in the shed, and as finding temperature too high (above 38 ℃), then by sheltering from heat or light, water spray and reinforcement booth ventilate and reduce the interior temperature of shed on the little shed film.
6, hardening:
Generally will be after 6 months after the cuttage, observe fringe bar root of hair situation, as most of fringe bar root of hair, just can carry out hardening, ventilation 3d~7d in two ends, seedbed removes the plastic film on the little shed then, taking off film needs to carry out at cloudy day or dusk, take off behind the film lid layer sunshade net 3d on little shed, remove whole sunshade nets at last, reach the hardening purpose.
7, cutting time:
Suitable cutting time, spring inserts and is early March, autumn sowing is early September, summer inserts and is early June, longer because of the llex integra by cutting rootage duration, the summer inserts back one wheat harvesting period and enters the high temperature dormancy at once, and rooting rate is had certain influence, therefore should select the spring insert and autumn sowing for well, topdress, the extermination of disease and insect pest, transplant seedlings as the cuttage seeding wooden pipe manage.
The invention has the advantages that management is very easy, because llex integra by cutting duration of taking root is longer, can reach more than half a year, this method adopts the totally-enclosed technology of preserving moisture of overlay film when cuttage, basically about one month, mend a water, reduced recruitment, reduced production cost, cutting medium adopts aseptic light matrix, no grass-seed, do not have remaining germ and insect, make in the clean quiet environment of full edge Chinese ilex and take root, be convenient to management; This method has improved the nursery stock root survival greatly in addition, and rooting rate reaches more than 80%; Rooting efficiency is remarkable, the amount of taking root showed increased, and average every fringe amount of taking root reaches 9.1, is applicable to the climatic environment of Yangtze River Delta Area, the transplanting survival rate height, the full edge Chinese ilex well developed root system that obtains, best in quality, market prospects are wide; Compare with general difficulty several hours seeds soup processing time of taking root, owing to added cytoactive component dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the soup processing time is short, be 0.5h only in this method, is convenient to apply in the production.Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.The technical staff of the technical field of the invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from the defined scope of spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the method for a raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is set up in booth through the seedbed of sterilization, the wide 0.gm~1.5m in seedbed, and build little shed on the seedbed, in the seedbed, lay sterile-processed cutting medium;
Step 2 from the llex integra by cutting female parent, take semi-lignified current-year branch or all one's life a year hard branch cut fringe, be cut into two buds, two leaves, length is the plugged ear of 4cm~6cm;
The step 3 hormone immersion treatment that again plugged ear that obtains in the step 2 is mixed;
Step 4 is carried out cuttage in medium of seedling bed, the cuttage degree of depth is 1.5cm~2.5cm, and keeps density cuttage rear blade not overlapping;
Water irrigates matrix after the step 5 cuttage, and to branch foliage spray disinfecting liquid, covered with plastic film and shade net on shed then enter the management after the cuttage.
2. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cutting medium in the described step 1 adopts peat, vermiculite, perlitic mixed substrate, its volume ratio is a peat: vermiculite: perlite=4: 2: 4 or peat: vermiculite: perlite=3: 5: 2, and the cutting medium gross thickness is 12cm~15cm.
3. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the nursery bed disinfection in the described step 1 adopts 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate to spray, and the cutting medium sterilization adopts 55% fenaminosulf solution of 1000 times of liquid to irrigate.
4. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the bar shaped bamboo plate that the little shed in the described step 1 adopts long 2m, wide 2cm and two ends to fine away, and with the spacing arrangement of 65cm~75cm, and insert in the matrix of both sides, seedbed and fix, or the employing diameter is the PVC electrical casing pipe replacement bamboo plate of 16mm.
5. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the hormone solution that is mixed in the described step 3 comprises outside the necessary methyl of general hestening rooting, also added the active component dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and added antioxidants ascorbic acid, polyethylene adjoins pyrrolidone, its processing mode is adjoined the pyrrolidone solution soaking 0.5h that is mixed for the polyethylene with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)+1000mg/L of methyl+1% of the ascorbic acid of the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)+500mg/L of methyl+1% of 200mg/L or 200mg/L.
6. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the disinfecting liquid to foliage spray in the described step 5 is 50% carbendazol wettable powder or the 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder pulvis solution of 1000 times of liquid.
7. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the management in the described step 5 after the cuttage comprises water supply in media and ambient humidity management: insert the little shed in back and take closed overlay film, after the cuttage before take root, keeping water content of substrate is that 60%~70% and relative air humidity of saturation moisture content is more than 85%~95%, behind the beginning root of hair, should suitably reduce water content of substrate, about 40% and the relative air humidity that remain on saturation moisture content are more than 75%.
8. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the management in the described step 5 after the cuttage also comprises illumination and temperature treatment: the cuttage initial stage is added a cover the shade net of double-deck 55%~65% sunshade rate on shed and outside the booth, wait to begin to be kept to one deck behind the root of hair, make the temperature in the shed be controlled at 20 ℃~25 ℃, summer temp surpasses 38 ℃, during high temperature season outside little shed spray cooling.
9. the method for a kind of raising seedlings of llex integra by cutting according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: spray 50% carbendazol wettable powder or the 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder pulvis solution of 800 times of liquid~1000 times liquid in the described step 5 after cuttage every 18~22d, use perhaps hockets.
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CN102090256A (en) * 2010-11-23 2011-06-15 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 Method for easily cutting IlexXmeserveae S.Y.Hu. 'Blue Girl' by using magan soil
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