CN103583173B - A kind of ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system - Google Patents
A kind of ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103583173B CN103583173B CN201310476036.2A CN201310476036A CN103583173B CN 103583173 B CN103583173 B CN 103583173B CN 201310476036 A CN201310476036 A CN 201310476036A CN 103583173 B CN103583173 B CN 103583173B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system, " filling with No. 1, the skewer " cutting medium that comprises the steps: that (1) is selected, load cave seedling dish stocky, spray disinfection sanitizer; (2) carry out cuttage in late May to early June, before cuttage, cuttage greenhouse and cutting medium are carried out disinfection; (3) select the branch of semi-lignified as cuttings, point male and female plant, and classification, after " filling with raw No. two " and " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent process, carry out cave dish cuttage; (4) full exposure spraying cuttage, control temperature 32-38 degree, humidity 90 ~ 100%, sprayed a disinfection sanitizer every 6-9 days, remove dead seedling in time; (5), about after one month, foliage fertilizer is sprayed; To ventilate gradually hardening according to condition of rooting after (6) 40 days.Adopt the technology of the present invention to carry out cuttage, branch can grow to about 35-45cm then, and next year can bloom.And effectively solve the problems such as the easy dehydration of ilex verticillata cuttage seeding blade comes off, root ponding is perishable, overcome ilex verticillata and breed difficulty greatly, the slow-footed difficult problem of seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the raising technology of a Plants, specifically a kind of full exposure spraying branch cutting mating system of ilex verticillata.
Background technology
Ilex verticillata is the perennial machaka of Aquifoliaceae Ilex.Ilex verticillata fruit-growing time is long, can last till spring always, and after fallen leaves, branch overworks the beautiful fruit of bright red, adding a flourishing celebrating color winter for declining cold, is a kind of garden seedling tree being rich in ornamental value and economic worth.Ilex verticillata original producton location, at Northeastern United States, often it can be used as in states such as America and Europes application such as cutting branch sight fruit, Potted Landscape Modelling, landscaping.China starts late in the production application of ilex verticillata, only at the province such as Zhejiang, Henan minority nursery stock company PRODUCTION TRAITS to some extent.Because ilex verticillata exists the problem such as to bear fruit late (general need 3 years), the easy dehydration of cuttage fringe bar young leaves comes off, spray is perishable of blooming, the defects such as difficulty is large, the finished product cycle is long that cause it to breed.For this reason, China every year still need from a large amount of import ilex verticillata of the American-European countries such as Holland.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of breed speed fast, breed the ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system that coefficient is high, the finished product cycle is short.Adopt the yield rate of the method cuttage seeding can reach 80%, Second Year in cuttage seeding after basin just can bloom.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of branch cutting mating system of ilex verticillata.It is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, select " fill with No. 1, skewer " cutting medium, load 72 hole seedling dishes stocky, spray disinfection sanitizer;
Step 2, carry out cuttage in late May to early June, before cuttage, cuttage greenhouse and cutting medium are carried out disinfection;
Step 3, select the branch of semi-lignified as fringe bar, point male and female plant, and be respectively divided into top section and stage casing.Cutting is pruned on kind of bar, is stayed 2-3 joint (to retain the long 2.5-4.5cm of top section cutting, the long 5.5-8.5cm of stage casing cutting), cutting top joint retains two panels intact leaves, 0.3-0.6cm place straight snips on joint, remaining joint defoliation, joint lower 0.5-2cm place in bottom is tiltedly cut into cutting.Female plant top section branch cutting dips in " fill with raw No. two " root-growing agent; Female plant stage casing and staminiferous plant push up segment cuttage in section and dip in " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent, and the time is 5-10 second.
Step 4, full exposure spraying cuttage, control temperature 32-38 degree, humidity 90-100%, sprayed a disinfection sanitizer every 6-9 days, remove dead seedling in time;
Step 5, cuttage, after one month, every 10 days in stopping spraying at dusk, spray foliage fertilizer after blade face moisture content dries;
Step 6, cuttage to be ventilated hardening gradually according to condition of rooting after 40 days.
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cottage method, " filling with No. 1, the skewer " cutting medium described in step one is perlite: peat=0.7-1.3:0.8-1.4, admixes the soilless culture substrate of appropriate slow-release fertilizer mixing.
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cuttage technique, the sterilization method that step 2 adopts is specially, and sprays the ground in greenhouse, then sprays matrix with 300-600 times of fenaminosulf, then sealing greenhouse booth one day with 2000-4000ppm liquor potassic permanganate.
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cottage method, the fringe bar described in step 3 is the female parent picking up from more than pierre three generations, raw in semi-lignified shape then, namely after 45-60 days that take out the spring tip, adopts fringe.
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cottage method, " filling with raw No. two " root-growing agent described in step 3 is the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 700-1200ppm and the indolebutyric acid mixing root-growing agent of 500-1000ppm; Root-growing agent is the powerful root-inducing powder (No. ABT7) of 700-1200ppm " to fill with raw No. three ".
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cottage method, full exposure cuttage spraying described in step 4, concrete operations require: 1, water management: spray and interval time according to adjustment according to temperature and light when cuttage initial stage cuttings does not form callus, cuttage initial three days fine days sprayed 10-15 second every 10 minutes, and the cloudy day sprayed 10-15 second every 15 minutes; Being formed after callus can proper extension off time, makes the blade face slightly of short duration dry and comfortable time; After long root, blade face is substantially anhydrous, but will keep the moistening of matrix.Night stops spraying.2, illumination temperature management: June to October, fine day temperature was higher than 38 DEG C of ventilation of windowing, the rainy day closes window and prevents from drenching with rain, and continuously the weather temperature height of overcast and rainy and high humidity low pressure all should to have regular hour ventilation of windowing occur with disease prevention every day.Temperature according to the observation and illumination determine whether to shade and open fan, temperature higher than 40 DEG C, illumination is more than shading during 30000lx and starting fan; Lower than 30 DEG C, illumination to remove lower than 20000lx and shades; After October, day temperature is windowed higher than 30 DEG C, and lower than 25 DEG C of closedowns, illumination is sheltered from heat or light more than 50000lx, opens lower than 40000lx.Temperature controls at 32-38 degree, humidity 90 ~ 100%
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cottage method, the disinfection sanitizer described in step 4 is the carbendazim solution of 500 times.
Above-mentioned ilex verticillata full exposure spraying cottage method, the foliage fertilizer described in step 5 is potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the 0.1-0.2% urea mixed solution of 0.1-0.3%.
The present invention has following advantage compared with existing ilex verticillata mating system:
1, present invention employs the soilless culture substrate that perlite, peat and slow-release fertilizer mix.This cultivation matrix itself has good gas permeability and water separation capability, makes ilex verticillata root not perishable, meanwhile, also effectively can reduce the sick entomogenous fungi evil from soil.Slow-release fertilizer admix the fertilizer efficiency that matrix can be made to remain certain, reduce later stage fertilizer spray number of times.
2, the present invention is directed to the rooting characteristics of dissimilar fringe bar, use different root-growing agents, effectively improve the situation of taking root of ilex verticillata cuttage seeding.
3, the present invention adopts full exposure spraying cottage method.The cutting propagation technology that this is a kind of semi-automation, mechanization controls, late maintaining management is convenient.This technology can provide a hot and humid environment for cuttage seeding, obviously accelerates the rooting rate of cutting.Coordinate above-mentioned cultivation matrix, effectively can solve the problems such as the easy dehydration of ilex verticillata cuttage seeding blade comes off, root ponding is perishable.
Concrete enforcement
Embodiment 1
A kind of ilex verticillata cuttage breeding method of the present invention, for cuttage in spring in 2011.Its concrete steps are as follows:
Cutting time: 21-22 day in May, 2011
Prepare before cuttage: green house 2000-4000ppm potassium permanganate sprays ground sterilization.By perlite: peat: the ratio of slow-release fertilizer=1.2:1:0.08 stirs.Insert 72 hole seedling dishes stocky.Matrix sterilization is sprayed with 400 times of fenaminosulfs.Sealing booth one day.
Fringe bar gathers and cutting clip: 6:00 AM, between 9 o'clock, gets the ilex verticillata semi-lignified female parent fringe bar of more than vegetative propagation three generations, moisturizing of spraying water after collection.The cutting of clip is divided into staminiferous plant top section, staminiferous plant stage casing, female plant top section and female plant stage casing.Cutting is pruned on fringe bar, is stayed 2 ~ 3 joints (retaining the long 2.5-4.5cm of top segment length's bar, the long 5.5-8.5cm of stage casing cutting), and cutting top joint retains two panels intact leaves, 0.5cm place straight snips on joint, remaining joint defoliation, and joint lower 0.5cm place in bottom is tiltedly cut into cutting.According to the quantity of cutting, two process are established in each segmentation, dip in " filling with raw No. two " and " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent.
Cuttage: fringe bar, according to the root-growing agent process of upper table, after 10s, inserts matrix 1.5-3cm, notices that blade face can not contacting substrate.Label is plugged in each process, hangs up thermometer, moisture meter, makes a record.
Full exposure spraying cuttage: shine adjustment spraying and interval time according to temperature and light when cuttage initial stage cuttings does not form callus, cuttage initial three days fine days sprayed 10-15 second every 10 minutes, and the cloudy day sprayed 10-15 second every 15 minutes; Being formed after callus can proper extension off time, makes the blade face slightly of short duration dry and comfortable time; After long root, blade face is substantially anhydrous, but will keep the moistening of matrix.Night stops spraying.Fine day temperature is windowed higher than 38 DEG C, and the rainy day closes, and continuously the weather temperature height of overcast and rainy and high humidity low pressure all should have the regular hour to window to ventilate occur with disease prevention every day.Temperature higher than 40 DEG C, illumination is more than shading during 30000lx and starting fan; Lower than 30 DEG C, illumination shades lower than removing during 20000lx.Temperature controls at 32-38 degree, humidity 90 ~ 100%.500 times of carbendazim sterilizings were sprayed every 6-9 days after cuttage.
Hardening with change basin: cuttage is after 40 days, and the ilex verticillata fringe bar of more than 80% is taken root, and root system is covered with cavities.Just progressively increase ventilation time, reduce water spraying time, see dry see wet.13 ‰ biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer is sprayed, continuous spraying 3-5 time every 3 weeks.Plug seedling can move in 18 × 16 nutritive cubes after 4 months by cuttage, and statistics rooting rate and upper basin rate, the results are shown in following table,
Analyze: except indivedual rooting rate and upper basin rate low be due to except the transient cause such as damage of indivedual spraying apparatus causes, female plant stage casing, staminiferous plant top section, staminiferous plant the stage casing rooting rate after " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent process and upper basin rate reach 80% substantially, and rooting rate and the upper basin rate of root-growing agent process that female plant top section is used " filling with raw No. two " reach more than 85% substantially.
The above; it is only the present invention is directed to a root-growing agent selection good embodiment of effect when exploratory development; its object is to allow those of ordinary skill in the art can understand content of the present invention preferably also true according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.Every simple change of making according to the essence of content of the present invention or modification, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system, the method comprises the steps:
1) select " filling with No. 1, skewer " cutting medium, load cave seedling Pan Dun real, spray disinfection sanitizer; Described " filling with No. 1, skewer " cutting medium is perlite: peat=0.7-1.3:0.8-1.4, admixes appropriate slow-release fertilizer as soilless culture substrate;
2) carry out cuttage in late May to early June, before cuttage, cuttage greenhouse and cutting medium are carried out disinfection;
3) select the branch of semi-lignified as cuttings, point male and female plant, and be respectively divided into top section and stage casing, after " filling with raw No. two " and " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent process, carry out cave dish cuttage; Female plant top section branch cutting dips in " fill with raw No. two " root-growing agent; Female plant stage casing and staminiferous plant top section, middle segment cuttage dip in " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent, and section branch cutting " filling with raw No. two " root-growing agent used in female plant top is methyl α-naphthyl acetate and indolebutyric acid mixing root-growing agent; Female plant stage casing and staminiferous plant top section, middle segment cuttage " filling with raw No. three " root-growing agent used are No. ABT7 powerful root-inducing powder, and the time is 5-10 second, inserts matrix 1.5-3cm;
4) full exposure spraying cuttage, temperature 32-38 degree, humidity 90-100%, sprayed a disinfection sanitizer every 6-9 days, remove dead seedling in time;
5), after one month, foliage fertilizer is sprayed;
6) to ventilate gradually hardening according to condition of rooting after 40 days.
2. ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 3) ilex verticillata branch selected by cuttage picks up from the female parent of more than pierre three generations, for raw in semi-lignified shape then, namely after 45-60 days that take out the spring tip, adopt fringe.
3. ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 3) ilex verticillata cuttage branch divides male and female plant, and be respectively divided into top section and stage casing, cutting is pruned on fringe bar, is stayed 2-3 joint, top section 2.5-4.5cm, stage casing 5.5-8.5cm, cutting top joint retains two panels intact leaves, 0.3-0.6cm place straight snips on joint, remaining joint defoliation, joint lower 0.5-2cm place in bottom is tiltedly cut into cutting.
4. as described in claim 1 ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system, is characterized in that step 4) disinfection sanitizer be 500 times of carbendazim.
5. ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 4) in full exposure spraying cuttage operation requirements comprise water management and illumination temperature management, described water management is sprayed and interval time according to adjustment according to temperature and light when cuttage initial stage cuttings does not form callus, cuttage initial three days fine days sprayed 10-15 second every 10 minutes, and the cloudy day sprayed 10-15 second every 15 minutes; Extend off time after forming callus, make blade face have the of short duration dry and comfortable time; After long root, blade face is substantially anhydrous, but will keep the moistening of matrix, and night stops spraying.
6. ilex verticillata branch cutting mating system as described in claim 5, it is characterized in that the management of described illumination temperature refer to June to October fine day temperature higher than 38 DEG C of ventilations of windowing, rainy day closes window and prevents from drenching with rain, the weather temperature of continuous wet weather and high humidity low pressure just all should be windowed to ventilate and occur with disease prevention every day, temperature according to the observation and illumination determine whether to shade and open fan, temperature higher than 40 DEG C, illumination is more than shading during 30000lx and starting fan; Lower than 30 DEG C, illumination to remove lower than 20000lx and shades; After October, day temperature is windowed higher than 30 DEG C, and lower than 25 DEG C of closedowns, illumination is shaded more than 50000lx, opens lower than 40000lx, and temperature controls at 32-38 degree, humidity 90 ~ 100%.
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| CN104082017A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-08 | 句容市仑山花木场 | Osmanthus heterophyllus 'ougon' propagation method |
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| CN106688847A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-24 | 浙江海洋大学 | Water culture method of Ilex integra |
| CN108575477B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-12-24 | 江苏林丰绿化工程有限公司 | Efficient propagation method of ilex verticillata |
| CN108157103B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-02-07 | 华润三九（郴州）制药有限公司 | South isatis root planting method |
| CN109328814A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-02-15 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of ilex verticillata method for potted |
| CN109258147A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-25 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of ilex verticillata shoot cutting method |
| CN110786157A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-02-14 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting rooting of ilex verticillata tissue culture seedlings |
| CN114946429B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2024-05-07 | 江苏青好景观园艺有限公司 | North American ilex cutting seedling method |
| CN116530348A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-08-04 | 永仁远南农业综合开发有限公司 | Rapid propagation method for female-promoting fruiting of Holly in North America |
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