CN104380937A

CN104380937A - Method for cultivating orchids

Info

Publication number: CN104380937A
Application number: CN201410462740.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王娟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-09-03
Filing date: 2014-09-03
Publication date: 2015-03-04

Abstract

The invention discloses an orchid management cultivation method, and aims to solve problems concerned with orchid planting. Neutral slightly-acidic soil which contains a large amount of humus, is loose and has high water permeability is selected. A place which is well ventilated, contains wet air and is free from environmental pollution is selected; sunlight irradiation is reduced; and the temperature is lowered. All-weather shading is performed from June; after October, fully open maintenance can be performed except noon; and leaves grow well with more shade, and flowers blossom well with more sunlight. Flourishing orchids free from diseases can be fertilized while orchids growing poorly are unsuitable to be fertilized or need to be fertilized slightly. The orchids which are newly planted into flowerpots with roots developing incompletely can only be fertilized 1-2 years later. The orchids are preferably watered with rain water and spring water, and tap water or rice-washing water needs to be used after staying for one night. The orchids are watered from the edges of the flowerpots, and water cannot be sprinkled into buds. The orchids originally grow in a wet air environment, so that spraying needs to be performed at dusk in drought seasons besides provision of a shading condition in order to increase the air humidity and lower the temperature. During cultivation of the orchids, withered and yellow leaves and diseased leaves are required to be cut off frequently to allow for ventilation. If rare orchids grow with excessive flower buds, only robust buds are kept. Spring orchids are picked half a month after blossoming, and the rare orchids are picked seven days after blossoming. Spring leaf buds grow vigorously, so that a basis is laid for better blossoming in next year. Flowerpot soil generally needs to be sterilized to prevent the occurrence of diseases.

Description

The cultural method of orchid

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation cultivation field of flowers, specifically the sexual reproduction technique of camellia.

Background technology

Current people, in the plantation of orchid, are adopt traditional management method, and its shortcoming is easy rotten, root leaf generation disease.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the cultural method solving a kind of orchid management that Orchis planting problem is invented.

1, basin soil requirement: select containing a large amount of detritus, loose, well-drained neutral Acid soil, pine tag soil of going up a hill is all good with the pine bark rotted.

2, place to place: orchid can be transplanted foster at outdoor and balcony in spring, summer, autumn, selects well-ventilated, with the humid air, non-environmental-pollution place again, reduces solar radiation and reduce temperature.

3, suitably shade: orchid belongs to half shade plant more, most kind is afraid of that sunlight directly shines, and need suitably shade.Orchid early and middle ten days in April can go net to window, and the sunlight that shines urgees its growth more.May, can according to 6 hours except noon sunlight; From June, round-the-clockly to shade, after October, except middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach, entirely can open wide maintenance.Shady leafy good, sun is spent more.

4, the rational application of fertilizer: orchid originally eats " element ", fertilising will see selected basin soil and growing state and determining.Disease-free can the applying fertilizer of every riotous growth, then should not applying fertilizer or apply fertilizer on a small quantity of growth difference.The orchid that in planting, basin root is not sent out complete, can need apply fertilizer after 1-2.The general 6-7 month when orchid leaf bud extend about 1.5 centimetres time, the liquid fertilizer (concentration is advisable about 10% with rare) executing once to become thoroughly decomposed every three weeks.Avoid with chemical fertilizer, in case of high temperature season should not apply fertilizer, execute every two to three weeks the 8-9 month and once dilute liquid fertilizer.Orchid is applied fertilizer at every turn and should carry out between the lights, and water clear water in the morning, cries " backwater ".

5, suitably water: orchid is watered with rainwater and spring as well, running water or rice washing water need use overnight.Water from basin limit when watering, can not pour in petal.Irrigation amount should be determined according to temperature, the dry wet degree of basin soil and fragrant thoroughwort growing state.Leaf waters mostly, and leaf carefully waters less.The 4-5 month sprouting not yet immature soil, basin local product is done, and crosses wet sprouting perishable; The 6-9 month is orchid sprouting vegetative period, and irrigation amount will increase, fine day early morning every day or water once, must guard against noon burning sun and waters.Few water yield of cutting down according to the circumstance in autumn, can adopt foliar spray water, and keep basin soil to soak as well, winter more should control the water yield, keeps " most probably dry, two one-tenth are wet " to be advisable.

6, spraying at dusk: the primary length of orchid, at environment with the humid air, so in arid season, except covering shade, also must be sprayed at dusk, increase air humidity, reduce temperature; Also can water on potted orchid ground (table top), " a cold heat " more can excite orchid to grow.

7, windproof and rain proof: " ghost wind in February " Lao Ye Huang moves back genus normal phenomenon, can cut off dead twigs and withered leaves.Orchid can drench light rain, but avoids intermittent drizzles in the rainy season, heavy rain or rain continuously, otherwise the easy rotten heart, rotten leaf.In the season that rainwater is many, can suitably spread a small amount of ash.

8, defloration is pruned: often will cut off withered and yellow disconnected leaf and sick leaf in orchid is cultivated.In order to ventilation.Famous and precious orchid, as bud is too many, only stay strong bud, every basin 1-2 bud is advisable.Chunlan blooms after first quarter moon and extracts, and famous and precious orchid should be extractd for 7 days, and spring leaf bud growth is healthy and strong, and wound is held successfully better the coming year.On the inflorescence of Chillon last the flowers are in blossom when putting one week, cut from pelvic surface of sacrum 3 centimeters.

9, warming: orchid because of kind different, original producton location is different, and cold resistance power is also different, so enter time in room and also not identical in the position of indoor placement winter.Cold orchid, Qiu Lan, report year bluely to grow in south, room should be entered when temperature 5 DEG C, and be placed on area without shade in the south as far as possible.And spring, Chillon cold tolerance are strong, can until 0 DEG C time just enter room, be placed on face, northeast.Fine day calm before midday after, to window towards in the south or the southeast, draw in the net to ventilate.Qiu Lan, at the fine day of 1-2 Celsius DEG C, can not window.Certainly greenhouse, available electric light heating is had.

10, preventing disease pest control: basin soil generally will carry out sterilization processing (burning sun tan by the sun also can), occurs with disease prevention.The most easily there is southern blight at rainy high temperature season in orchid, a small amount of available wet cloth brushes, the how available 500-800 of basin amount times bordeaux mixture or topsin, sprayed once every 7-10 days.Insect occurs many with scale insect, during incubation uses 1% flolimat and 25% phosmet missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, sprays weekly once.Take stopgap measures and will effect a permanent cure, basin alms bowl wants rare suitably close, and height is put, and increases air ventilation, reduces generation disease and is advisable.

Specific embodiment

Chunlan three strain was selected, one, boccaro basin, the pine bark rotted and pine tag soil one bag March 12.

1, to the requirement of temperature, humidity: orchid is well-grown when relative air humidity 60--70%, overdrying or cross wet all easily cause blue sick.Therefore, outdoor planting to create one be suitable for orchid growth by portion's humidity microclimate, indoor location sprayer and moisture meter.

2, to sunlit requirement.Orchid likes sunlight in morning.Chaoyang initial rise, solar radiation angle is low, and orchid light-receiving area is large.Again because morning sunlight stop through morning fog, light is relatively soft, and direct projection can not be burnt Lan Ye.Orchid is after night nutrient accumulation, and morning, photosynthetic capacity was the strongest.Therefore, the blue leaf of direct sunlight can be allowed before when summer seven, keep the sun off with the shading net of 50%--90% after when seven.Orchid can be allowed to get sun before and after " Clear and Bright ", impel root of hair, multiple leaf bud, after " White Dew ", sky cyclostrophic is cool, and new grass grows up to mostly, also can, how according to sunlight, impel bud full more, makes blue strain put aside more nutrients, grows in order to the coming year.

3, the most basic condition that moisture is foster good orchid is controlled to the requirement of moisture.Blue food value of leaf ground is thicker, and surface has cuticula to protect, and therefore, Lan Ye does not consume large quantity of moisture.Blue false squama base and fleshy root can preserve certain nutrient and moisture, therefore comparatively can be drought-enduring.Except root of hair, germination period, fast growing period needs outside more moisture, and it is less that other times consume moisture.If excess moisture, cause soil ponding, block root and breathe, just easily rotten.Water is many also can cause blue leaf wall water-filling, blade face stomatal opening, causes that to include nutrient thin, and then causes and organize slim and frahile, and undergrowth, produces disease.

4, the requirement orchid of air is liked to the air circulating and do not have to pollute.Supporting blue place will away from coal gas, oil smoke, away from the ground stirred up a cloud of dust.Oil smoke, dust are attached to blade face, and can block blade face and breathe, photosynthesis is carried out in impact.Atmosphere draught-free can in blade face particle-bound bacteria virus, the growth of harm orchid.

5, the requirement orchid of fertilizer is liked light, apply fertilizer rather light not dense.As other plant, nitrogen can promote stem, leaf riotous growth.Phosphorus can promote that blue root is flourishing, and promote that the growth of organ of multiplication is healthy and strong, cauline leaf is unfolded.Magnesium, sulphur, iron and other trace elements can make that leaf is green, Hua Zhuan.Orchid growth will be applied fertilizer during the most productive period more, and resting stage or weak vegetative period can not apply fertilizer.If excessively apply fertilizer, root leaf of burning, causes loss without redemption.

Through above management, this few strain orchid growth is vigorous, and breeds new branches and leaves.

Claims

1. the present invention is the cultural method solving a kind of orchid management that Orchis planting problem is invented.

Select containing a large amount of detritus, loose, well-drained neutral Acid soil, select well-ventilated, with the humid air, non-environmental-pollution place again, reduce solar radiation and reduce temperature; From June, round-the-clockly to shade, after October, except middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach, entirely can open wide maintenance.Shady leafy good, sun is spent more.Disease-free can the applying fertilizer of every riotous growth, then should not applying fertilizer or apply fertilizer on a small quantity of growth difference.The orchid that in planting, basin root is not sent out complete, can need apply fertilizer after 1-2.Orchid is watered with rainwater and spring as well, and running water or rice washing water need use overnight.Water from basin limit when watering, can not pour in petal.The primary length of orchid, at environment with the humid air, so in arid season, except covering shade, also must be sprayed at dusk, increase air humidity, reduce temperature.Withered and yellow disconnected leaf and sick leaf often will be cut off, in order to ventilation in orchid is cultivated.Famous and precious orchid, as bud is too many, only stays strong bud.Chunlan blooms after first quarter moon and extracts, and famous and precious orchid should be extractd for 7 days, and spring leaf bud growth is healthy and strong, and wound is held successfully better the coming year.Basin soil generally will carry out sterilization processing, occurs with disease prevention.Basin soil generally will carry out sterilization processing (burning sun tan by the sun also can), occurs with disease prevention.The most easily there is southern blight at rainy high temperature season in orchid, a small amount of available wet cloth brushes, the how available 500-800 of basin amount times bordeaux mixture or topsin, sprayed once every 7-10 days.Insect occurs many with scale insect, during incubation uses 1% flolimat and 25% phosmet missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, sprays weekly once.Take stopgap measures and will effect a permanent cure, basin alms bowl wants rare suitably close, and height is put, and increases air ventilation, reduces generation disease and is advisable.