CN110169270A - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple Download PDFInfo
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- CN110169270A CN110169270A CN201910569107.0A CN201910569107A CN110169270A CN 110169270 A CN110169270 A CN 110169270A CN 201910569107 A CN201910569107 A CN 201910569107A CN 110169270 A CN110169270 A CN 110169270A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple, includes the preparation for inserting pond and cutting medium, acquire cutting, cut cuttings, the disinfection and sterilization of cuttings and growth-promoting root processing, cuttage, seedbed management, hardening, the implementation steps of field-transplanting.The present invention needs about 30~35 days or so altogether from cuttage to field-transplanting, and growing-seedling period is short, and cuttage survival rate is up to 96% or more; root-growing agent only needs 5~10s or so using the quickly dipped method of high concentration; cuttage polyvinyl chloride is simultaneously easily operated, can be used to a small amount of cuttage and seedling culture, it can also be used to scale cuttage and seedling culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cuttage raise seedling technique field of American red-maple, the cuttage for particularly relating to a kind of American red-maple is educated
Seedling-growing method.
Background technique
American red-maple, alias red maple, North America Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum', Canadian Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' etc., Aceraceae Acer L belong to fallen leaves megaphanerophyte.
Tree is high, and up to 30 meters, trunk is logical straight, and tree crown ellipse, 8-12 meters of hat width, leaf palmate 3-5 is split, and Ye Changyue 10cm, spring and summer newly goes out
Tender leaf is red, after gradually greening, become bright-coloured red as fire color to autumn complete stool, premium color, spring is open, and fruit has wing, red.Belong to
Fast raw tree species, annual average increment is up to 0.6-1.5m, and age of tree longest was up to 100 years or so.Loose fertile, drain good
Growth is best in good slant acidity moist soil, and drought-resistant, moisture-proof, cold-resistant, high temperature resistant are resistant to minimum -35 DEG C of temperature.The U.S.
Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum', trunk is straight and upright, and branching-point is high, and hat is big shady dense, and crown type is neatly graceful, and autumn red autumnal leaves are dazzlingly beautiful, and the extension leaf time is long, watches
Property it is splendid, wide in terms of landscape application, and have the speed of growth fast, Bioclimatic analysis is wide, and resistance is strong, and transplanting easily survives, disease pest
Evil waits many merits less, is the preferred tree species of developed country's roadside greening, in the American-European laudatory title with " king of shade tree ".
There is plantation in present China north to Jilin, south west to Xinjiang to the east of Jiaodong Peninsula to Guangxi.This outstanding color leaf
Tree species are very popular, and this outstanding nursery stock of large scale cultivating greatly will add coloured silk for classical Chinese garden landscape construction is hyperchromic.State
Inside mainly pass through three kinds of cuttage, grafting and tissue culture modes.Variation is small, growth potential is high, breeding is fast, cost with it for Technique on Cuttage Propagation
Many advantages, such as low, technical requirements are easily grasped becomes the main modes of reproduction of present American red-maple.Chinese patent (application number
201310022889.9) a kind of Modified American Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' softwood cutting propagation method is disclosed, main implementation steps are cuttings base
Portion dipped in rooting powder solution be placed on after 6s 10~20min of shady place can cuttage, relative air humidity is protected in plastic canopy
It holds the temperature in 80~85%, strict control plastic canopy and is no more than 29 DEG C.Cuttings about 30d is all taken root, then etc. refine after about 23d
Seedling is completed, and need to be transplanted to big Tanaka in the next spring.The patent is main disadvantage is that growing-seedling period is longer.Chinese patent
A kind of American red-maple cuttage and seedling culture method disclosed in (application number 201510722432.8), main implementation steps are cuttings base portion
It is first placed in 10~15min of immersion in premixed liquid, places into mixing rooting agent solution and impregnates 1~2min.Controlling ambient air temperature is
20~28 DEG C, keeping relative air humidity is 75~90%, and 6~9 days cuttings start to take root after cuttage, can all give birth within 25 days
The survival rate of root, cuttings reaches 93% or more.The major defect of the patent is that cuttings is successively impregnated in two kinds of solution, implements
Process is cumbersome and easy damaged cuttings.Chinese patent (application number 201610932856.1) discloses a kind of American red-maple cuttage base
Matter, take root complexing agent and its cuttage Rapid Rooting method provide a kind of American red-maple rapid cuttage and take root complexing agent, cuttings base portion
30~50min need to be impregnated, 15~16 days rooting rates reach 85%~95% after cuttage.Air humidity scope control around cuttings
85%~95%, temperature of shed maintains 25~38 DEG C.The major defect of the patent is that cuttings carries out in solution of taking root
It impregnates for a long time, implementation process is longer.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of growing-seedling period is short, embodiment is simple, and heading take root after high survival rate,
Can a small amount of cuttage and seedling culture, the cuttage and seedling culture method of the American red-maple of propagation in scale can also be carried out.
To achieve the purpose of the present invention, proposed adoption following technical scheme:
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple, including following implementation steps:
(1) insert the preparation in pond and cutting medium: cuttage need to set up shading net, the vinyl house with ventilation opening or intelligence
Change in greenhouse and carry out, and intermittent auto spraying equipment is installed；Pond depth 40-45cm is inserted, is piled up using brick, it is ensured that is inserted
Pond is smooth and drainage is good；Cutting medium is mixed with perlite and turfy soil in volume parts ratio 4:1 ratio, uses potassium permanganate
Disinfection, and after being dried 1-2 days under the sun, cutting medium is tiled in slotting pond.
(2) acquire cutting: East China summer, bottom during the first tenday period of a month, first sprayed insecticidal bactericide 5% into June in may
Emamectin benzoate missible oil+70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder of 3000 times of liquid 800 times of liquid, 1500 times of liquid of+2.5% deltamethrin milk oil
Once, after 4~5 days, select rain after or cloudy day morning or dusk, from 3~6 years age of trees and the well-developed U.S. of tree vigo(u)r
The branch of the semi-lignified of clip current year life on Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' " Qiu Huoyan " maternal plant, and spray 800 times of foliar fertilizer potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Liquid is primary.
(3) cut cuttings: by the cutting being collected be cut into every section be 8~10cm long cuttings, and cuttings upper end to life
Leaf removes a piece of, and notch is cut into inclined-plane by straight snips, cuttings lower end at 1~2cm on bud on cuttings top.
(4) disinfection and sterilization of cuttings and growth-promoting root are handled: cuttings immerses 600~800 times of Bravo liquid 30 seconds, slightly control water
Afterwards, cuttings lower end is immersed in heteroauxin+methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution of 1200mg/L 50%, impregnates 5~10s.
(5) cuttage: on the day before cuttage that matrix spray is primary permeable；Cutting density 5 × 5cm or 4 × 5cm, cuttage depth
Be the 1/3 of cuttings height, it is upright when cuttage, can not skew, sprayed in cuttage permeable, engage cuttings with matrix closely knit.
(6) seedbed management: kept for 35~40 DEG C of seedbed environment temperature, humidity is 90%~95%；Using intermittent automatic
Spraying apparatus waters to seedbed, and frequency of watering and duration are to keep blade face wet but not drip for standard；Cuttage is sprayed after one week
It is primary to apply 800 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；Every week spray 800 times of liquid of 1 carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid or Bravo after cuttage, and
Different fungicide are used alternatingly, and start in week to be affixed by 1.8% avermectin, 800 times of liquid to the 4th.
(7) hardening: 20~25 days after cuttage, the main root of cuttage seeding starts hardening when growing fibrous root, and shading net is gradually opened,
Increase illumination；Ventilation opening is gradually increased；Gradually decrease water spray, fertilising, spray frequency, that is, gradually allow the cuttage in greenhouse
Seedling adapts to external environment；After removing shading net and awning film completely after 6~7 days, tender leaf will not be by sun sun blister, i.e. hardening is complete
At.
(8) field-transplanting: adjustment field soil pH value is in 5.0-7.5, before select rainy days or fine day 10 points of the morning
It with after at 4 points in afternoon, is transplanted after sprinkling profoundly water rear lifting to seedbed, minimum seeding row spacing is 30 × 50cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention needs about 30~35 days or so altogether from cuttage to field-transplanting, and growing-seedling period is short, skewer
It is inserted into motility rate and is up to 96% or more, root-growing agent only needs 5~10s or so using the quickly dipped method of high concentration, and cuttage polyvinyl chloride is simultaneously easy to
Operation, can be used to a small amount of cuttage and seedling culture, it can also be used to scale cuttage and seedling culture.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment to further illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention.
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple, including following implementation steps:
(1) insert the preparation in pond and cutting medium: cuttage need to set up shading net, the vinyl house with ventilation opening or intelligence
Change in greenhouse and carry out, and intermittent auto spraying equipment is installed；Pond depth 40-45cm is inserted, is piled up using brick, it is ensured that is inserted
Pond is smooth and drainage is good；Cutting medium is mixed with perlite and turfy soil in volume parts ratio 4:1 ratio, uses potassium permanganate
Disinfection, and after being dried 1-2 days under the sun, cutting medium is tiled in slotting pond.Slotting pond is had to smooth, and draining will be got well, with
Exempting from ponding causes cuttings base portion to rot.
(2) acquire cutting: acquisition cutting is preferably low in temperature, carries out when air humidity is big, in order to avoid the branch of clip
Dehydration is excessive, influences cuttage survival rate.East China summer, bottom during the first tenday period of a month, first sprayed insecticidal bactericide into June in may
1500 times of+2.5% deltamethrin milk oil of 800 times of liquid of+70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder of 5% 3000 times of emamectin benzoate missible oil liquid
Liquid is primary, after 4~5 days, select rain after or cloudy day morning or dusk, from 3~6 years age of trees and the well-developed beauty of tree vigo(u)r
The branch of the semi-lignified of clip current year life on state's Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' " Qiu Huoyan " maternal plant, and spray foliar fertilizer potassium dihydrogen phosphate 800
Times liquid is primary.
When acquiring cutting, scissors used all should prevent infection of incisional wound germ and cannot survive by disinfection.Clip cutting
When scissors want sharp, movement is fast, it is ensured that cutting is hurt smooth with clip less.To sprinkle water in right amount after cutting clip keeps its wet
Profit, or wrapped with the material soaked, it is placed on shady place in time.To accomplish when cuttage with acquisition, with cut, with disinfection, with cuttage,
And overall process will pay attention to shading, and keep cutting wet.
(3) cut cuttings: by the cutting being collected be cut into every section be 8~10cm long cuttings, and cuttings upper end to life
Leaf removes a piece of, to reduce transpiration, and cuttings top straight snips at 1~2cm on bud, can provide nutrition more for cuttings and store up
It is standby, it is too long, later trunk posture is influenced, notch is cut into inclined-plane by cuttings lower end, increases contact area, conducive to taking root more.
When making cuttings, scissors wants sharp, not tear epidermis, has to remove invalid sectional leaf cutting.
(4) disinfection and sterilization of cuttings and growth-promoting root are handled: cuttings immerses 600~800 times of Bravo liquid 30 seconds, slightly control water
Afterwards, cuttings lower end is immersed in heteroauxin+methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution of 1200mg/L 50%, impregnates 5~10s.
(5) cuttage: on the day before cuttage that matrix spray is primary permeable；Cutting density 5 × 5cm or 4 × 5cm, cuttage depth
Be the 1/3 of cuttings height, it is upright when cuttage, can not skew, sprayed in cuttage permeable, engage cuttings with matrix closely knit.
(6) seedbed management: kept for 35~40 DEG C of seedbed environment temperature, humidity is 90%~95%；Using intermittent automatic
Spraying apparatus waters to seedbed, and frequency of watering and duration are to keep blade face wet but not drip for standard；Cuttage is sprayed after one week
It is primary to apply 800 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate；Every week spray 800 times of liquid of 1 carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid or Bravo after cuttage, and
Different fungicide are used alternatingly, and start in week to be affixed by 1.8% avermectin, 800 times of liquid to the 4th.
(7) hardening: 20~25 days after cuttage, the main root of cuttage seeding starts hardening when growing fibrous root, and shading net is gradually opened,
Increase illumination；Ventilation opening is gradually increased；Gradually decrease water spray, fertilising, spray frequency, that is, gradually allow the cuttage in greenhouse
Seedling adapts to external environment；After removing shading net and awning film completely after 6~7 days, tender leaf will not be by sun sun blister, i.e. hardening is complete
At.
(8) field-transplanting: adjustment field soil pH value is in 5.0-7.5, before select rainy days or fine day 10 points of the morning
It with after at 4 points in afternoon, is transplanted after sprinkling profoundly water rear lifting to seedbed, minimum seeding row spacing is 30 × 50cm.American red-maple likes loose fertilizer
Well, for pH value in the slant acidity moist soil of 5.0-7.5, American red-maple in such a case, can not only be healthy and strong raw for fertile, draining
It is long, and autumn discoloration can be more red gorgeous.Detection soil ph and nutrition condition are first had to before plantation, optionally carry out soil
Improvement.Then it clears up and levels land；The farmyard manure for applying decomposedization makees 20-40 kgs/acre of base manure or sulfuric acid type compound fertilizer,
4-5 kgs/acre of urea；Such as net 3 kgs/acre of bacterium of fungicide are sprinkled into, insecticide such as phoxim, thimet or Furadan 0.5-1
Kg/acre；It will be sprinkled with the whole furrow of soil rotary tillage of fertile medicine.It to be sprinkled profoundly water before transplanting, in case lifting.It is set and is transplanted according to planting scheme
Density, minimum seeding row spacing is up to 30 × 50cm.Unfold root system when plant.The depth of planting should be printed than original soil is higher by 1~2cm,
In order to avoid watering after soil shrinkage and keep root system exposed.It to be sprinkled profoundly water as early as possible after transplanting, touch root system and soil, exposed root system
Need to earth up covering.Water great Yi rotten, water lacks difficulty and survives, so also to carry out drainage works.Maintain and restore with water metabolism be
Main physiological equilibrium is the key that guarantee that nursery stock transplanting survives.
Through the above implementation steps, rising trend is good 96% or more, and after transplanting for American red-maple " Qiu Huoyan " cuttage survival rate.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple, including following implementation steps:
(1) insert the preparation in pond and cutting medium: cuttage need to set up shading net, the vinyl house with ventilation opening or intelligent temperature
Indoor progress, and intermittent auto spraying equipment is installed；Pond depth 40-45cm is inserted, is piled up using brick, it is ensured that it is flat to insert pond
Whole and drainage is good；Cutting medium is mixed with perlite and turfy soil in volume parts ratio 4:1 ratio, is disappeared using potassium permanganate
Poison, and after being dried 1-2 days under the sun, cutting medium is tiled in slotting pond；
(2) acquire cutting: East China summer, bottom during the first tenday period of a month, first sprayed 5% first of insecticidal bactericide dimension into June in may
Salt missible oil+70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder of 3000 times of liquid 800 times of liquid, 1500 times of liquid of+2.5% deltamethrin milk oil are primary,
After 4~5 days, select rain after or cloudy day morning or dusk, from 3~6 years age of trees and the well-developed American red-maple of tree vigo(u)r
The branch of the semi-lignified of clip current year life on " Qiu Huoyan " maternal plant, and spray 800 times of liquid one of foliar fertilizer potassium dihydrogen phosphate
It is secondary；
(3) it cuts cuttings: the cutting being collected being cut into the cuttings that every section is 8~10cm long, and the opposite leaf of cuttings upper end goes
Fall a piece of, and notch is cut into inclined-plane by straight snips, cuttings lower end at 1~2cm on bud on cuttings top；
(4) disinfection and sterilization of cuttings and growth-promoting root are handled: cuttings immerses 600~800 times of Bravo liquid 30 seconds, will slightly after control water
Cuttings lower end is immersed in heteroauxin+methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixed solution of 1200mg/L 50%, and 5~10s is impregnated；
(5) cuttage: on the day before cuttage that matrix spray is primary permeable；Cutting density 5 × 5cm or 4 × 5cm, cuttage depth are slotting
The 1/3 of fringe height, it is upright when cuttage, can not skew, sprayed in cuttage permeable, engage cuttings with matrix closely knit；
(6) seedbed management: kept for 35~40 DEG C of seedbed environment temperature, humidity is 90%~95%；Using intermittent auto spraying
Equipment waters to seedbed, and frequency of watering and duration are to keep blade face wet but not drip for standard；Cuttage sprays phosphorus after one week
800 times of liquid of acid dihydride potassium are primary；800 times of liquid of 1 carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid or Bravo are sprayed every a week after cuttage, and different
Fungicide is used alternatingly, and starts in week to be affixed by 1.8% avermectin, 800 times of liquid to the 4th；
(7) hardening: 20~25 days after cuttage, the main root of cuttage seeding starts hardening when growing fibrous root, and shading net is gradually opened, and increases
Illumination；Ventilation opening is gradually increased；Gradually decrease water spray, fertilising, spray frequency, that is, gradually allow the cuttage seeding in greenhouse suitable
Answer external environment；After removing shading net and awning film completely after 6~7 days, tender leaf will not be completed by sun sun blister, i.e. hardening；
(8) field-transplanting: adjustment field soil pH value in 5.0-7.5, select before 10 points of the morning of rainy days or fine day and under
It after 4 points of noon, is transplanted after sprinkling profoundly water rear lifting to seedbed, minimum seeding row spacing is 30 × 50cm.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110915443A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏杞林生态环境建设有限公司 | Ligustrum lucidum cutting seedling method |
| CN112166845A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-01-05 | 河南省莱恩月季繁育有限公司 | Plant cuttage cultivation method |
| CN113141888A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-23 | 云南罗瑞生物科技有限公司 | Quick cutting propagation and seedling raising technology for medicinal vine tripterygium wilfordii twigs |
| CN115777359A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-14 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of juniperus chinensis |
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| CN113141888A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-23 | 云南罗瑞生物科技有限公司 | Quick cutting propagation and seedling raising technology for medicinal vine tripterygium wilfordii twigs |
| CN112166845A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-01-05 | 河南省莱恩月季繁育有限公司 | Plant cuttage cultivation method |
| CN115777359A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-14 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of juniperus chinensis |
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