CN110199739A - A kind of nuisanceless, high yield and high quality Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of nuisanceless, high yield and high quality Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN110199739A CN110199739A CN201910278668.5A CN201910278668A CN110199739A CN 110199739 A CN110199739 A CN 110199739A CN 201910278668 A CN201910278668 A CN 201910278668A CN 110199739 A CN110199739 A CN 110199739A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/63—Orchids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of nuisanceless, the Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods of high yield and high quality, include the following steps: scientific addressing, site preparation, sunshade net greenhouse is designed according to the variation of solar elevation, water resource infrastructure construction, matrix preparation is built with seedbed: seedling process, transplanting, management, including fertilising, disease control, Pest management, water management, overwinter management and harvesting, the yield and quality of Huoshan locality plantation Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times not only can be improved in entire planting system, strange land is also beneficial to introduce a fine variety, realize that the Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times for providing genunie medicinal materials qualitative characteristics is introduced a fine variety in strange land.Planting cost is reduced, is preserved the ecological environment, part Excess labor su pply is solved the problems, such as, increases masses' income, pushes local economic development.
Description
Technical field
Originally it is related to agricultural planting art field, more particularly to a kind of nuisanceless, Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times high yield and high quality implantation methods.
(huoshan dendrobium candidum, Huoshan Dendrobium Moniliforme, Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times are all referred to as Dendrobidium huoshanness at present, the plantation of Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times compared to
The plantation of other two kinds of Dendrobidium huoshanness has higher technical requirements.In order to make with the cultivation technique of dendrobium candidum, Dendrobium Moniliforme
It distinguishes, the present invention does not use " Dendrobidium huoshanness " this title)
Background technique
Be difficult to find in the endemic species of Huoshan China meter Hu Shi orchid family Shihu " medicinal materials and China's ancient books describe it is the completeest
Whole, the most peculiar one of species, Shennong's Herbal describe " dendrobium nobile, sweet taste, in main wound, gas, tonifying five zang organs consumptive disease under eliminating impediment
Thin thin, Qiang Yin.Long term usage thickness stomach, macrobiosis of making light of one's life by commiting suicide." the modern pharmacology proves that: Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times has antitumor, immunological regulation, resists
The effects of oxidation, anti-glycosylation, anti-cataract, reducing blood sugar, blood pressure, protection liver.
Industry experts introduction: " Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times can only be grown in Huoshan and its similar area of climatic environment, go out this area
Just again without this kind " both " Huoshan is without rice dry measure used in former times out ".Early in the twentieth century, the excessively high factor of narrow by resource distribution, popularity is influenced,
Excessively excavation causes wildlife species endangered.Under the background of this sternness, many scientific workers and civil personage are joined in
In the research of artificial cultivation Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times, and explore two kinds of cropping patterns: sunshade net greenhouse gardening, hayashishita imitating wild planting.Though
Stable yields can be done step-by-step in Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times under right both of which, but state of development is still to make us both worried and glad.At present suddenly
The plantation of mountain rice dry measure used in former times is primarily present following drawback: 1, underwood planting disadvantage: 1. low output.Hayashishita imitating wild planting environment is harsh,
The Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times yield planted out only has the 1/2 of greenhouse gardening, and the ratio that can be made into maple bucket is low；It is processed into after dry product and greenhouse kind
The Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times of plant is not easily distinguishable；2. territory restriction.Because the growing environment of Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times requires harshness, so must select to meet
The mountain area of its growth conditions, 2, sunshade net greenhouse gardening disadvantage: the 1. use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer not only largely increases people
Work expense, and have a certain impact to dendrobium nobile quality；2. transplant dendrobium nobile, the survival rate of dendrobium nobile need to be improved；3. dendrobium nobile
It is middle to have certain pesticide residue；4. intensive greenhouse gardening density is big, insect pest incidence is high；5. loose skin cultivation leads to forest
It is serious that felling seriously causes natural ecological environment to destroy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve disadvantage present in current background technique, provides a kind of nuisanceless, high yield and high quality Huoshan
Rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: scientific addressing, the plantation addressing of Huoshan locality should meet following primary condition: first is that hillside fields is planted: answering
The Dong Po in the selection mountainous region, the Northeast Slope gradient are no more than 30 °, and early uphill for east orientation without high mountain sunshade, there is river development on periphery
Plot is preferred；Second is that the flat field of intermountain plant: the plot for selecting keep the sun off without massif open morning, addressing is introduced a fine variety in strange land should
Meet following primary condition: region selection, strange land is introduced a fine variety no more than on the south North of Huai River, the Changjiang river, put down with Da Bie Mountain area periphery
Original is preferred；Plot selection, no industrial pollution, flat open crop field；
Step 2: hillside site preparation: site preparation builds the terraced fields that width is two meters, while every 4 meters of terraced fields long digging one along contour
A 0.5 meter of wide gutter.The area intermountain Ping Fan and crop field site preparation: contour flat furrow, the wide 1.2m of furrow or so are made in site preparation bedding, high
8cm or so, length are laid with the double-colored black Reflecting mulch film of silver depending on greenhouse length on the plot of land put in order；
Step 3: the variation according to local altitude of the sun designs sunshade net greenhouse, and hillside fields planting greenhouse is built along contour
Antenna height is 1 meter, wide 0.8 meter of big-canopy framework, and ceiling uses inclined design, and guaranteeing can be by the irradiation of morning twilight in canopy in morning
Remaining time is in hidden state, and length is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate depending on the contours of water table above.The flat field of intermountain
Area and strange land field production sunshade net greenhouse are built: 1, greenhouse moves towards: south-north direction, it is therefore desirable to prevailling wind (southeaster, west
North wind) wind direction is vertical；2, big-canopy framework should it is 6 meters wide by canopy, canopy is 3.5 meters high, 2.5 meters of canopy shoulder height of specifications design, big-canopy framework
To design sun face according to solar elevation after building well ensures to be irradiated by morning and evening light in canopy, remaining time on daytime
In shade state, the construction of scale greenhouse will readjust greenhouse specification, sun face；3, the selection of greenhouse sunshade net
With laying: canopy arch is laid with the sunshade net of 60% sunshade rate, and sun face is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate, and greenhouse surrounding is along canopy shoulder
The moveable-sunshade net of two layers of 30% sunshade rates is hung, the internal sunshade net of one layer of 30% sunshade rate is set in canopy；
Step 4: water resource infrastructure construction, hillside fields plantation: every furrow set a column atomizer, and water source can be from river
It obtains, reservoir can also be built in slope foot.The flat field of intermountain with strange land field planting: reservoir presses deep 0.8 meter, wide 2 meters of rule
Lattice are built, and reservoir is located at sun face in the following, length is consistent with greenhouse length as far as possible；
Step 5: matrix preparation is built with seedbed: it takes mature lagenaria sicerariae cucurbit deseeding, smash to pieces, cucurbit shell particle is decomposed
Fermentation three months.Seedbed uses black plastic pallet seedbed, aerial with brick, and seedbed bottom is laid with gneiss, and then laying ferments
Cucurbit shell particle finally re-lays a thin layer of gneiss, and three layers altogether.Simultaneously with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times mycorhiza fermented liquid dilution
Cultivation matrix is carried out immersion 12 hours or more after 100 times；
Step 6: seedling process, selection health, the bottle seedling to grow fine are rinsed three times with clear water, it is ensured that bottle seedling is subsidiary
Culture medium is cleaned completely, this step can be omitted by planting if it is point, after Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid is diluted 100 times
Seedling impregnate 20 minutes, then soaked seedling is placed at shady and cool ventilation until seedling root is whitened, softened
Until；
Step 7: plantation, being with 4-6 month is suitable for transplanting season, sprays a Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times VA Mycorrhizal Fungi hair before transplanting again
Zymotic fluid, Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times cultivation are generally carried out with the mode that clump is planted；
Step 8: management, including fertilising, disease control, Pest management, water management, overwinter management and harvesting, seedling are planted
Ferment bacterium granular fertilizer and cucurbit shell particle are mixed according to the ratio of 1:10 when training and applied as base manure, seedling can be again after surviving
Impose base manure twice；It is later primary in annual March, each basal dressing of September part, by the end of March at the beginning of 5 months by ferment bacterium liquid level fertilizer
It sprays 1 time within 1 month after 100 times of dilution, it can be normal to greenhouse every 100 times of ferment bacterium stostes of a week sprayable primary dilution
See that disease plays positive prevention effect, once occur disease, if need to administer；Rice dry measure used in former times tender stem in Huoshan in Pest management,
The case where leaf, bud, root appearance are gnawed should spray capsicum fermentation liquid in canopy, and sprinkling in three days is primary, and insect pest can seriously spray for one day
It spills primary.And armyworm paper is placed beside plot of land and catches and kills or is trapped and killed with poison.Water management, hillside fields plantation only need morning appropriate
Moisturizing, field planting and the plantation of the area intermountain Ping Fan should open plot of land spray head pouring 20 minutes by 6:00 in the morning, if base
Matter does not irrigate completely, can extend watering time, carries out photosynthesis for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times and provides required moisture, morning 9:00-10:
It is greenhouse humidification, cooling that 00,3:00-4:00 in afternoon, which open canopy along spray head, prevents blade face excessive water from evaporating and causing to wilt,
Microthermal climate moderate reduction is irrigated, the rainy day does not have to irrigate.Overwinter management should gradually increase intensity of illumination and fit into before winter
When reducing humidity, a base manure is suitably added, and be laid with pine needle (decomposed sterilization treatment) in seedbed to enhance cold tolerance, meets snow,
It then needs to handle ceiling accumulated snow in time in order to avoid accumulated snow be collapsed greenhouse；
Step 9: harvesting, annual September part harvest the old stem of growth 3 years, and less than 3 years lateral buds can in old stem
It collects and is transplanted again as seedling；
Of the invention is further described, the improvement needs in the step 8 in disease control follow the steps below
Administer: disease any first should reduce man-made irrigation before occurring immediately and lower humidity in canopy, greenhouse ventilation be kept, for different diseases
The corresponding different treatment method of evil:
1. root rot sprays the life Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid 100 times of dusks of dilution twice, often
It is sprayed again every 2d, until recovering.
2. black spot, anthracnose mix the Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid with ferment bacterium liquid fertilizer
100 times of dilution spray 1 time every 3d, even spray 3~5 times.Garlic can seriously be smash the food that 10% is added in the ratio of 1:1 for mud by disease
Salt water, exchange are coated in garlic liquid at microbiological contamination at garlic liquid, with cotton swab, apply every a week primary；
3. southern blight, discovery diseased plant is pulled out immediately takes processing out of, cultivation matrix is replaced, is fermented with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus
Liquid dilutes 100 times and sprays 1 time every 3d, until stopping sprinkling of recovering, while cultivation way is irrigated with ferment fermented liquid；
4. powdery mildew dilutes 100 times with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid and sprays 1 time every 3d in early stage, until
Stopping of recovering is sprayed.
Of the invention is further described, with 3-5 rhizome for 1 clump during the transplanting of the step 7, transplants one, 1 cave
Plastic pallet is transplanted 9 caves and is blocked greenhouse open section with 60% sunshade net, one after the Huoshan small transplantation of seedlings of rice dry measure used in former times is completed
Sunshade net can be removed after a month.
The present invention 1. meets Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times photosynthesis changing rule using the design of sunshade net greenhouse, soft in morning and evening sunlight
With when Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times can come into full contact with sunlight synthetic carbohydrate improve primary medicinal component content, noon strong sunlight
When sunshade net can for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times block strong light, avoid strong light to Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times cause to damage.The sunshade of this greenhouse design
Condition is extremely consistent with the illumination condition in the habitat wild Huoshan meter Hu；
2. spray hangs standby construction can carry out moisturizing when Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times needs water in time, while the reservoir beside greenhouse
Air humidity can also be increased under evaporation, the growth and development for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times provide good water condition；
3. ventilation condition: having prevailling wind, the open design of greenhouse surrounding by the location of reasonable addressing greenhouse
Pole is conducive to ventilation in canopy.
4. canopy density: by the selection of sunshade net and the open design of greenhouse, meeting strongly fragrant needed for the rice dry measure used in former times growth of Huoshan
Degree of closing；
5. the biological property of Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times can be enhanced, such as promote by application Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid
Growth increases resistance, promotes the synthesis and accumulation of its primary medicinal component, can also improve the survival rate of tissue-cultured seedling.For
Common bacterium disease can also play the role of positive prophylactic treatment；
6. microorganism fertilizer material products can solve the problems such as long-term man-made irrigation causes hardened matrix, salinization of soil in acidity
Reduce matrix pH value.The aerobic fermentation of beneficial bacterium can promote the development of aerial root with loose matrix；
7. using biological pesticide substituting chemical pesticide, the Product Green gone out with bio-feritlizer substituted chemistry fertilizer production without public affairs
Evil；
8. the bioactive enzyme inside microbial product can decompose insect egg, using microbial technique by pest and disease damage
Resolution, which is converted to, to be aimed at prevention, and supplemented by improvement, is greatly reduced pest and disease damage odds, is reduced Planting risk；
9. cucurbit shell particle not only has water conservation, the ventilative, property of corrosion resistant, wherein after decomposed fermentation as cultivation matrix
The other elements such as contained P elements can promote the root development of dendrobium nobile.Cucurbit shell can be obtained by artificial growth simultaneously, be produced
It measures and big, sustainable can reduce production cost.Felling mountain forest is avoided to obtain loose skin, sawdust etc. as cultivation matrix.It is that strange land is drawn
The preferred matrix of kind Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times；
10. entire planting system can not only can be improved Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times output and quality, be also beneficial to strange land introduce a fine variety,
Quantization production Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Structure and Process schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is main view, side view, vertical view and the daylighting figure of sunshade net greenhouse in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: nuisanceless, high yield and high quality the Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods of one kind as shown in Figures 1 and 2, including such as
Lower step:
Step 1: scientific addressing, the plantation addressing of Huoshan locality should meet following primary condition: first is that hillside fields is planted: answering
The Dong Po in the selection mountainous region, the Northeast Slope gradient are no more than 30 °, and early uphill for east orientation without high mountain sunshade, there is river development on periphery
Plot is preferred；Second is that the flat field of intermountain plant: the plot for selecting keep the sun off without massif open morning, addressing is introduced a fine variety in strange land should
Meet following primary condition: region selection, strange land is introduced a fine variety no more than on the south North of Huai River, the Changjiang river, put down with Da Bie Mountain area periphery
Original is preferred；Plot selection, no industrial pollution, flat open crop field；
Step 2: hillside site preparation: site preparation builds the terraced fields that width is two meters, while every 4 meters of terraced fields long digging one along contour
A 0.5 meter of wide gutter.The area intermountain Ping Fan and crop field site preparation: site preparation makees contour flat furrow, the wide 1.2m of furrow or so, and high 8cm is left
The right side, length are laid with the double-colored black Reflecting mulch film of silver depending on greenhouse length on the plot of land put in order；
Step 3: the variation according to local altitude of the sun designs sunshade net greenhouse.Hillside fields planting greenhouse construction: along contour
Antenna height is 0.8 meter, wide 1 meter of big-canopy framework, and ceiling uses inclined design, and guaranteeing can be by the irradiation of morning twilight in canopy in morning
Remaining time is in hidden state, and length is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate depending on the contours of water table above.The flat field of intermountain
Area and strange land field production sunshade net greenhouse are built: 1, greenhouse moves towards: south-north direction, it is therefore desirable to prevailling wind (southeaster, west
North wind) wind direction is vertical；2, big-canopy framework should it is 6 meters wide by canopy, canopy is 3.5 meters high, 2.5 meters of canopy shoulder height of specifications design, big-canopy framework
To design sun face according to solar elevation after building well ensures to be irradiated by morning and evening light in canopy, remaining time on daytime
In shade state.The construction of scale greenhouse will readjust greenhouse specification, sun face；3, the selection of greenhouse sunshade net
With laying: canopy arch is laid with the sunshade net of 60% sunshade rate, and sun face is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate, and greenhouse surrounding is along canopy shoulder
The moveable-sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate is hung, the internal sunshade net of one layer of 30% sunshade rate is set in canopy；(as shown in Fig. 2)
Step 4: water resource infrastructure construction, hillside fields plantation: every furrow set a column atomizer, and water source can be from river
It obtains, reservoir can also be built in slope foot.The flat field of intermountain with strange land field planting: reservoir presses deep 0.8 meter, wide 2 meters of rule
Lattice are built, and reservoir is located at sun face in the following, length is consistent with greenhouse length as far as possible；
Step 5: matrix preparation is built with seedbed: it takes mature lagenaria sicerariae cucurbit deseeding, smash to pieces, cucurbit shell particle is decomposed
Fermentation three months.Seedbed uses black plastic pallet seedbed, aerial with brick, and seedbed bottom is laid with gneiss, and then laying ferments
Cucurbit shell particle finally re-lays a thin layer of gneiss, and three layers altogether.Simultaneously with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times mycorhiza fermented liquid dilution
Cultivation matrix is carried out immersion 12 hours or more after 100 times；
Step 6: seedling process, selection health, the bottle seedling to grow fine are rinsed three times with clear water, it is ensured that bottle seedling is subsidiary
Culture medium is cleaned completely, this step can be omitted by planting if it is point, and the Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times mycorhiza fermented liquid is diluted
Seedling impregnate 20 minutes after 100 times, then soaked seedling is placed at shady and cool ventilation until seedling root is sent out
Until white, softening；
Step 7: plantation, being with 4-6 month is suitable for transplanting season, sprays a Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times VA Mycorrhizal Fungi hair before transplanting again
Zymotic fluid, Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times cultivation are generally carried out with the mode that clump is planted；
Step 8: management, including fertilising, disease control, Pest management, water management, overwinter management and harvesting, seedling are planted
Ferment bacterium granular fertilizer and cucurbit shell particle are mixed according to the ratio of 1:10 when training and applied as base manure, seedling can be again after surviving
Impose base manure twice；It is later primary in annual March, each basal dressing of September part.By the end of March at the beginning of 5 months by ferment bacterium liquid level fertilizer
It sprays 1 time within 1 month after 100 times of dilution.It can be normal to greenhouse every 100 times of ferment bacterium stostes of fortnight sprayable primary dilution
See that disease plays positive prevention effect, once occur disease, if need to administer；Rice dry measure used in former times tender stem in Huoshan in Pest management,
The case where leaf, bud, root appearance are gnawed should spray the capsicum fermentation liquid prepared in canopy, and sprinkling in three days is primary, and insect pest is serious
It can spray within one day once, and place armyworm paper beside plot of land and catch and kill or trapped and killed with poison.Water management, hillside fields plantation only need
Appropriate moisturizing in morning, field planting and the plantation of the area intermountain Ping Fan should open 20 points of plot of land spray head pouring by 6:00 in the morning
Clock can extend watering time if matrix does not irrigate completely, carry out photosynthesis for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times and provide required moisture, morning
9:00-10:00,3:00-4:00 in afternoon open canopy along spray head be greenhouse humidification, cooling, prevent blade face excessive water evaporate and
Cause to wilt, microthermal climate moderate reduction is irrigated, the rainy day does not have to irrigate.Overwinter management should gradually increase illumination into before winter
Intensity and appropriate reduction humidity, suitably add a base manure, and be laid with pine needle (decomposed sterilization treatment) in seedbed to enhance cold-resistant energy
Power meets snow, then needs to handle ceiling accumulated snow in time in order to avoid accumulated snow be collapsed greenhouse；
Step 9: harvesting, annual September part harvest the old stem of growth 3 years, and less than 3 years lateral buds can in old stem
It collects and is transplanted again as seedling；
Improvement needs in the step 8 in disease control follow the steps below improvement: disease any first occurs
Before should reduce immediately man-made irrigation lower canopy in humidity, keep greenhouse ventilation, different treatment methods is corresponded to for different diseases:
1. root rot sprays the life Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid 100 times of dusks of dilution twice, often
It is sprayed again every 2d, until recovering.
2. black spot, anthracnose mix the Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid with ferment bacterium liquid fertilizer
100 times of dilution spray 1 time every 3d, even spray 3~5 times.Garlic can seriously be smash the food that 10% is added in the ratio of 1:1 for mud by disease
Salt water, exchange are coated in garlic liquid at microbiological contamination at garlic liquid, with cotton swab, apply every a week primary；
3. southern blight, discovery diseased plant is pulled out immediately takes processing out of, cultivation matrix is replaced, is fermented with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus
Liquid dilutes 100 times and sprays 1 time every 3d, until stopping sprinkling of recovering, while cultivation way is irrigated with ferment fermented liquid；
4. powdery mildew dilutes 100 times with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid and sprays 1 time every 3d in early stage, until
Stopping of recovering is sprayed；
With 3-5 rhizome for 1 clump during the transplanting of the step 7, one, 1 cave of plant plastic pallet transplants 9 caves, Huoshan
After the small transplantation of seedlings of rice dry measure used in former times is completed, greenhouse open section is blocked with 60% sunshade net, sunshade net can be gone after one month
It removes, the variation of the foundation altitude of the sun of the step 3 designs sunshade net greenhouse, and planting greenhouse construction in hillside fields is set up along contour
Height be 1 meter, wide 1 meter of big-canopy framework, ceiling use inclined design, guarantee canopy in morning in can by morning twilight irradiation remaining when
Between be in hidden state, length is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate depending on the contours of water table above.The area intermountain Ping Fan with
The construction of strange land field production sunshade net greenhouse: 1, greenhouse moves towards: south-north direction, it is therefore desirable to prevailling wind (southeaster, northwester)
Wind direction is vertical；2, big-canopy framework is built: sunshade net greenhouse should be designed to that canopy is 6 meters wide；Canopy is 3.5 meters high；2.5 meters of canopy shoulder height；Greenhouse
After building well, according to solar elevation design sun face ensure to be irradiated by morning and evening light in canopy, daytime remaining when
Between be in shade state, scale greenhouse construction greenhouse specification, sun face are readjusted；3, the choosing of greenhouse sunshade net
Select and be laid with: canopy arch is laid with the sunshade net of 60% sunshade rate, and sun face is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate, and greenhouse surrounding is along canopy
Shoulder hangs the moveable-sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate, and the internal sunshade net of one layer of 30% sunshade rate is set in canopy, and the step 5 takes into
Ripe lagenaria sicerariae cucurbit deseeding was smashed to pieces, by the decomposed fermentation of cucurbit shell particle three months；Seedbed uses black plastic pallet seedbed, uses
Brick is aerial, and seedbed bottom is laid with gneiss and then laying ferments cucurbit shell particle and finally re-lays a thin layer of gneiss,
Three layers altogether, while it is small to carry out immersion 12 to cultivation matrix after diluting 100 times with biological medical fluid with the Huoshan root meter Hu growth-promoting agent
When more than.
1. the present invention meets Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times photosynthesis changing rule using the design of sunshade net greenhouse, soft in morning and evening sunlight
With when Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times can be by direct light according to illumination condition needed for meeting its photosynthesis, sunshade net when noon strong sunlight
Strong light can be blocked for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times, strong light is avoided to cause to damage to Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times.The sunshade condition of this greenhouse design and open country
Illumination condition in the raw habitat Huoshan meter Hu is extremely consistent；
2. spray hangs standby construction can carry out moisturizing when Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times needs water in time, while the reservoir beside greenhouse
Air humidity can also be increased under evaporation, the growth and development for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times provide good water condition；
3. ventilation condition: having prevailling wind, the open design of greenhouse surrounding by the location of reasonable addressing greenhouse
Pole is conducive to ventilation in canopy.
4. canopy density: by the selection of sunshade net and the open design of greenhouse, meeting strongly fragrant needed for the rice dry measure used in former times growth of Huoshan
Degree of closing；
5. the biological property of Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times can be enhanced, such as promote by application Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid
Growth increases resistance, promotes the synthesis and accumulation of its primary medicinal component, can also improve the survival rate of tissue-cultured seedling.For
Common bacterium disease can also play the role of positive prophylactic treatment；
6. microorganism fertilizer material products can solve the problems such as long-term man-made irrigation causes hardened matrix, salinization of soil in acidity
Reduce matrix pH value.The aerobic fermentation of beneficial bacterium can promote the development of aerial root with loose matrix；
7. using biological pesticide substituting chemical pesticide, the Product Green gone out with bio-feritlizer substituted chemistry fertilizer production without public affairs
Evil；
8. the bioactive enzyme inside microbial product can decompose insect egg, using microbial technique by pest and disease damage
Resolution, which is converted to, to be aimed at prevention, and supplemented by improvement, is greatly reduced pest and disease damage odds, is reduced Planting risk；
9. cucurbit shell particle not only has water conservation, the ventilative, property of corrosion resistant, wherein after decomposed fermentation as cultivation matrix
The other elements such as contained P elements can promote the root development of dendrobium nobile.Cucurbit shell can be obtained by artificial growth simultaneously, be produced
It measures and big, sustainable can reduce production cost.Felling mountain forest is avoided to obtain loose skin, sawdust etc. as cultivation matrix.It is that strange land is drawn
The preferred matrix of kind Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times；
10. entire planting system can not only can be improved Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times output and quality, be also beneficial to strange land introduce a fine variety,
Quantization production Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times.
The foregoing describe basic principles and main features of the invention, It should be understood by those skilled in the art that of the invention
It is not restricted to the described embodiments, the above embodiments and description only illustrate the principle of the present invention, is not departing from
Under the premise of spirit and scope of the invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements both fall within requirement
In the scope of the invention of protection, invents claimed range and be defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of nuisanceless, high yield and high quality Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: scientific addressing, the plantation addressing of Huoshan locality should meet following primary condition: first is that hillside fields is planted: should select
The Dong Po that selects mountainous region, the Northeast Slope gradient are no more than 30 °, and for early uphill east orientation without high mountain sunshade, periphery has river to develop plot
It is preferred；Second is that the flat field of intermountain plant: the plot for selecting keep the sun off without massif open morning, addressing is introduced a fine variety in strange land to be met
Following primary condition: region selection, strange land are introduced a fine variety no more than on the south North of Huai River, the Changjiang river, are with Da Bie Mountain area periphery Plain
It is good；Plot selection, no industrial pollution, flat open crop field；
Step 2: hillside site preparation: site preparation builds the terraced fields that width is two meters, while every 4 meters of terraced fields long digging one along contour
0.5 meter of wide gutter, the area intermountain Ping Fan and crop field site preparation: site preparation makees contour flat furrow, the wide 1.2m of furrow or so, high 8cm or so,
Length is laid with the double-colored black Reflecting mulch film of silver depending on greenhouse length on the plot of land put in order；
Step 3: the variation according to local altitude of the sun designs sunshade net greenhouse.The construction of hillside fields planting greenhouse: it is set up along contour
Height be 0.8 meter, wide 1 meter of big-canopy framework, ceiling use inclined design, guarantee canopy in morning in can by morning twilight irradiation remaining
Time is in hidden state, and length is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate depending on the contours of water table above.The area intermountain Ping Fan
Build with strange land field production sunshade net greenhouse: 1, greenhouse moves towards: south-north direction, it is therefore desirable to prevailling wind (southeaster, northwest
Wind) wind direction is vertical；2, big-canopy framework should it is 6 meters wide by canopy, canopy is 3.5 meters high, 2.5 meters of canopy shoulder height of specifications design, big-canopy framework is built
If to design sun face according to solar elevation after good ensures to be irradiated by morning and evening light in canopy, at remaining time on daytime
In shade state, the construction of scale greenhouse will readjust greenhouse specification, sun face；3, the selection of greenhouse sunshade net with
Be laid with: canopy arch is laid with the sunshade net of 60% sunshade rate, and sun face is laid with the sunshade net of 30% sunshade rate, and greenhouse surrounding is hung along canopy shoulder
If the moveable-sunshade net of two layers of 30% sunshade rates, the internal sunshade net of one layer of 30% sunshade rate is set in canopy；
Step 4: water resource infrastructure construction, hillside fields plantation: every furrow set a column atomizer, and water source can be obtained from river,
Reservoir can also be built in slope foot, the flat field of intermountain with strange land field planting: reservoir is built by 0.8 meter deep, wide 2 meters of specification
It makes, reservoir is located at sun face in the following, length is consistent with greenhouse length as far as possible；
Step 5: matrix preparation is built with seedbed: being taken mature lagenaria sicerariae cucurbit deseeding, is smashed to pieces, by the decomposed fermentation of cucurbit shell particle
Three months, seedbed used black plastic pallet seedbed, aerial with brick, and seedbed bottom is laid with gneiss, and then laying ferments cucurbit
Shell particle finally re-lays a thin layer of gneiss, and three layers altogether, while 100 times are diluted with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times mycorhiza fermented liquid
Cultivation matrix is carried out immersion 12 hours or more afterwards；
Step 6: seedling process, selection health, the bottle seedling to grow fine are rinsed three times with clear water, it is ensured that the subsidiary culture of bottle seedling
Base is cleaned completely, this step can be omitted by planting if it is point, and the Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times mycorhiza fermented liquid is diluted 100 times
Afterwards seedling impregnate 20 minutes, then soaked seedling is placed at shady and cool ventilation until seedling root whitens, is soft
It turns to only；
Step 7: plantation, being with 4-6 month is suitable for transplanting season, sprays a Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times mycorhiza fermented liquid before transplanting again,
Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times cultivation is generally carried out with the mode that clump is planted；
Step 8: management, including fertilising, disease control, Pest management, water management, overwinter management and harvesting, when seedling is cultivated
Ferment bacterium granular fertilizer and cucurbit shell particle are mixed according to the ratio of 1:10 and applied as base manure, seedling can impose again after surviving
Base manure twice；It is later primary in annual March, each basal dressing of September part, ferment bacterium liquid level fertilizer is diluted at the beginning of 5 months by the end of March
It sprays 1 time within 1 month after 100 times, it can be to greenhouse common disease every 100 times of ferment bacterium stostes of fortnight sprayable primary dilution
Evil play positive prevention effect, once occur disease, if need to administer；Rice dry measure used in former times tender stem in Huoshan in Pest management, leaf,
The case where bud, root appearance are gnawed should spray the capsicum fermentation liquid prepared in canopy, and sprinkling in three days is primary, and insect pest seriously may be used
Sprinkling in one day is primary, and places armyworm paper beside plot of land and catch and kill or trapped and killed with poison, and water management, hillside fields plantation only needs morning
Upper appropriate moisturizing, field planting and the plantation of the area intermountain Ping Fan should open plot of land spray head pouring 20 minutes by 6:00 in the morning,
Watering time can be extended if matrix does not irrigate completely, photosynthesis is carried out for Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times and required moisture is provided, morning 9:
It is greenhouse humidification, cooling that 00-10:00,3:00-4:00 in afternoon, which open canopy along spray head, prevents blade face excessive water from evaporating and drawing
It rises and wilts, microthermal climate moderate reduction is irrigated, the rainy day does not have to irrigate.It is strong should to gradually increase illumination into before winter for overwinter management
Degree and appropriate reduction humidity, suitably add a base manure, and be laid with pine needle (decomposed sterilization treatment) in seedbed to enhance cold tolerance,
Snow is met, then is needed to handle ceiling accumulated snow in time in order to avoid accumulated snow be collapsed greenhouse；
Step 9: harvesting, annual September part harvest the old stem of growth 3 years, and less than 3 years lateral buds collect in old stem
Get up and is transplanted again as seedling.
2. one kind according to claim 1 is nuisanceless, high yield and high quality Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods, which is characterized in that institute
State the improvement needs in step 8 in disease control and follow the steps below improvement: disease any first should subtract immediately before occurring
Few man-made irrigation lowers humidity in canopy, keeps greenhouse ventilation, different treatment methods is corresponded to for different diseases:
1. root rot sprays the life Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid 100 times of dusks of dilution twice, every 2d
It is sprayed again, until recovering；
2. black spot, anthracnose, by the Huoshan prepared rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid and ferment bacterium liquid fertilizer mixed diluting
100 times spray 1 time every 3d, even spray 3~5 times.Garlic can seriously be smash the salt that 10% is added in the ratio of 1:1 for mud by disease
Water, exchange are coated in garlic liquid at microbiological contamination at garlic liquid, with cotton swab, apply every a week primary；
3. southern blight, discovery diseased plant is pulled out immediately takes processing out of, cultivation matrix is replaced, it is dilute with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid
100 times are released to spray 1 time every 3d, until stopping sprinkling of recovering, while cultivation way is irrigated with ferment fermented liquid；
4. powdery mildew dilutes 100 times with Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid and sprays 1 time every 3d, until recovering in early stage
Stop sprinkling.
3. one kind according to claim 1 is nuisanceless, high yield and high quality Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times implantation methods, which is characterized in that institute
The transplanting of step 7 is stated in the process with 3-5 rhizome for 1 clump, one, 1 cave of plant plastic pallet transplants 9 caves, Huoshan rice dry measure used in former times seedling shifting
It plants after completing, greenhouse open section is blocked with 60% sunshade net, sunshade net can be removed after one month.
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| CN111820116A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 北京九仙草农业科技发展有限公司 | Three-dimensional cultivation method for dendrobium huoshanense |
| GB2614365A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-05 | Univ Southwest Forestry | Method for organically planting Dendrobium |
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