CN105961373B - Inhibit the method for Mikania micrantha in the non-forest land minimal tilled or no-tillage prosthetic is irrigated using high stalk dogstail - Google Patents
Inhibit the method for Mikania micrantha in the non-forest land minimal tilled or no-tillage prosthetic is irrigated using high stalk dogstail Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is being minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail the invention discloses a kind of, this method includes selection dogstail, implantation methods, bag transplantation of seedlings, seedling management, final-period management, next year and long-period of management.The present invention utilizes the feeding dogstail of high stalk, by controlling the growing way of high stalk dogstail and Mikania micrantha, prevents Mikania micrantha from climbing to certain high stalk dogstail tops, not forming covering, will be in a disadvantageous position in the competition to light, growing will be suppressed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Prevention Technique fields of instruction plant, and in particular to a kind of to be minimal tilled or no-tillage using high stalk dogstail
The method that the unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha.
Background technique
Mikania micrantha originate in, South America, be mainly distributed on Mexico, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, A Gen
The court of a feudal ruler, Bolivia.Invade the ground such as Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Austronesia, Australia, Mauritius, 2009
Mikania micrantha is found in the U.S..China collects Mikania micrantha sample in Hong Kong in first time in 1884；Hereafter, and respectively at 1983
Year and in Yunnan and Shenzhen Silver Lake to collect sample within 1984 current, in southern china, large area is spread Mikania micrantha, extensively
East, Yunnan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Guangxi, Hainan, Macao are all distributed;Wherein in the harm most serious in Guangdong, Yunnan, Taiwan, with
For Guangdong, 49 counties and cities in Guangdong are distributed, and concentrate on the ground such as Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan, Huizhou, middle mountain.Area about 49.4 ten thousand
Mu.
The diffusion of Mikania micrantha and propagation and the activity of the mankind are closely related.For example propagation of the Mikania micrantha in Southeast Asia starts from print
It spends Nicaea and was introduced in 1949 from Paraguay, be used as within 1956 the mulch of refuse landfill again, then expand rapidly
It is dissipated to entire Southeast Asia.At the end of the 19th century, Mikania micrantha is artificially introduced in Hong-Kong, after the 1980s, with continent and Hong Kong
Contacts increase, Mikania micrantha travels to Shenzhen and the Delta of the Pearl River therewith, and constantly spreads to periphery.
China Mikania micrantha is mostly grown in the habitat that moisture condition is preferable, illumination is sufficient, the border that is such as disturbed, no longer cultivated
Ground, roadside, the orchard of negligence of management, ditch and wetland side.Invade farmland, Natural Secondary Forests, artificial forest, economic forest, fruit tree woods,
Plough wasteland, seashore beach, mangrove border beach and forest for special purpose such as shelter-forest, protective forest, scenic forest etc..
Mikania micrantha growth of seedling is slow, 30 days seedling high 1.1cm, leaf area per plant 0.33cm2, hereafter growth is accelerated, children
Seedling initial stage sharply increases illumination-insensitive with the increase of seedling age to lighting requirements, and illumination deficiency can inhibit to grow.March is
The peak period of Mikania micrantha seedling emergence, May death of seedling rate highest.June, Mikania micrantha entered fast growing period, and the 7-8 month is raw
Length is most fast, average to extend 90cm weekly, and a section can extend 20cm in for 24 hours, and the axil of each section can grow a pair of of shoot, and one
A section annual growth total length reaches 1007m, and in field, a rattan for Mikania micrantha can extend 20cm a whole night.November opens
Beginning large area is bloomed, and subsequent nutrient growth stops.
Chemical control, which refers to, kills Mikania micrantha using chemical herbicide, and this method is quick, effect is obvious, is current prevention and treatment common vetch
The most extensive method of use of camomile；Chemical herbicide effect is fast, but there is also cannot thoroughly kill Mikania micrantha, at present
After generally being killed using sulfometuron-methyl, effect can only probably be maintained 1 ~ 2 year, and the space for killing rear Mikania micrantha existence can be by other rattans
Originally it occupies；And the use of chemical herbicide can generate certain influence to other plant and soil.Biological control method is current
Also in laboratory stage, group constructed by blood paulownia, heavy curtain umbrella maple etc. is planted in Shenzhen and can be put things right once and for all within Li Ming light etc. 2001
The invasion of solution forest land Mikania micrantha, but the unsuitable non-forest land of this method (such as roadside wasteland, building deposit ground, pond surrounding, water
By ditch, the ground such as creek).
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is minimal tilling or is exempting from using high stalk dogstail the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
The method that the unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha is ploughed, using the feeding dogstail of high stalk, by controlling high stalk dogstail and Mikania micrantha
Growing way, prevent Mikania micrantha from climbing to certain high stalk dogstail tops, not forming covering, will be in bad in the competition to light
Gesture, growth will be suppressed.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail, this method include with
Lower step:
1) it selects dogstail: selecting sowing with high stalk dogstail or cuttage with high stalk dogstail；
2) implantation methods: sowing is sowed with high stalk dogstail in 3-4 month；Cuttage uses 1 Nian Shengzhi with high stalk dogstail
Strain is used as seedling stem, removes blade and retains leaf sheath, carries out cutting propagation in 3-4 month；
3) seedling after sowing plantation or cutting propagation bag transplantation of seedlings: is transplanted into Seedling bag；After height of seedling to 5-10cm
It transplants to planting site；
4) seedling management: the seedling to high stalk dogstail is long to during 3 leaves, applies in such a way that the root of seedling is applied using point
Fertilizer；
5) final-period management: the 5-9 month high stalk dogstail vigorous period to its root earth's surface spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer, improve high stalk dogstail
With the competitiveness of Mikania micrantha；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, sowing being harvested with the seed of high stalk dogstail, for coming
Year sowing；Cuttage is forced down with the plant stalk of high stalk dogstail and is thrown oneself on the ground, is conducive to the internode rudiment of spring seedling stem, establishes more new plants
Group from；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: cradled in high stalk dogstail 50-150cm, height for the stubble left 10-20cm；
The dogstail cradled uses as animal feed, imposes urea fertilizer in the root of high stalk dogstail after cradling every time；Dogstail after cradling
Ground is handed over broadcast Itanlian rye in the fall, and forage yield and the soil organism are increased.
As further embodiment, in step 1) described in the above method, Zhong Yonggao stalk dogstail is big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane, Soviet Union
One or more of red grass, Sorghum sudanense, cuttage are hybrid Chinese pennisetum or/and rattan bamboo grass with high stalk dogstail.
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, using cave seeding method is opened, specific steps are such as
Under: seed is poured into seed dressing and is mixed thoroughly, is impregnated 3 ~ 5 hours, pours into and filters moisture in sieve.Be placed on ventilation place spread out to
Bunch planting kind, the cave density 1-9/m are opened when seed coat is without between water droplet, seed without adhesion2, cave format diameter 5-10cm, deep 5-10cm,
Every cave 2-5, rear earthing 0.5-1 cm is broadcast, keeps ground moistening.
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, is sowed using the directly mode of sowing, directly planted
Sow seed, application rate 0.5-5g/m with planting2。
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, cutting propagation specific steps: acupoint depth 8- is opened
12cm, wide 10-15cm；Then by the water-retaining agent 5-10min of seedling stem infiltration 0.2-0.3%, axillary bud upward, seedling stem and ground at
15 ° of -45 ° of oblique cuttings enter soil, 1-9 plants/m of cutting density2, earthing 3/4.
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, cutting propagation specific steps are as follows: use polyacrylamide
Amine type water-retaining agent carries out dry application, before rainfall, after water-retaining agent is added to 5~10cm or less of surface soil in the ratio of 5~10g/ ㎡,
Cave is dug in positioning, opens acupoint depth 8-12cm, wide 10-15cm, 1-9 plants/m of cutting density2。
As further embodiment, in step 3) described in the above method, using opening cave plantation, cave diameter when bag transplantation of seedlings
10-15cm, depth 5-10cm；If bag seedling is polybag, transplanted again after first need to taking off bag.
As further embodiment, in step 4) described in the above method, 15:15:15 import is applied in seedling root points and is moved
Prestige compound fertilizer fertilizer, dosage are 2-3g/ plants of clumps；Or with 10g/m2Dose apply urea in seedling root points.
It further include once making to seedling foliage spray described in the above method in step 4) as further embodiment
Its grand herbicide, 4-6 packet, every packet are that 10ml emulsifiable concentrate is packed to dosing per acre, are watered 40-60 liter/mu.
As further embodiment, in step 5) described in the above method, the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is fertilizer amount 5-10g
Available nitrogen/m2。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. of the present invention minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the side of Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method is, by controlling the growing way of high stalk dogstail and Mikania micrantha, to prevent Mikania micrantha from climbing to certain high using the feeding dogstail of high stalk
Stalk dogstail top does not form covering, will be in a disadvantageous position in the competition to light, and growth will be suppressed；
2. in method of the present invention, applying fertilizer and expecting by the root points in high stalk dogstail seedling, dogstail group and common vetch are improved
The competitiveness of camomile makes dogstail form certain growth vigor before Mikania micrantha growth, until Mikania micrantha starts fast-growth
When, the growth of high stalk dogstail has had reached vigorous state；Demand of the growth in Mikania micrantha later period to illumination sharply increases, and
The growth of dogstail at this time can effectively hinder Mikania micrantha to obtain illumination, thus achieve the purpose that inhibit Mikania micrantha growth；
3. by controlling plant distance when high stalk Planting Grasses in method of the present invention, and being incorporated in dogstail
Vigorous period spreads fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer to dogstail root earth's surface, can remarkably promote the growth of dogstail；
4. method of the present invention changes in the past to apply the control measure based on herbicide, its repetitive administration is avoided
To the cumulative effect of environment, it is important to dogstail effective and easy to operate group planting and establishing method, dogstail were grown by 2 years or more,
The invasion of Mikania micrantha can be solved with once and for all；
5. method of the present invention with easily it is no-tillage, exempt to irrigate, directly broadcast sowing and cutting propagation Gao Gan dogstail group
Planting and establishing method enables high stalk dogstail to be widely applied in the improvement of non-forest land Mikania micrantha.
Invention is further described in detail With reference to embodiment.
Specific embodiment
It is of the present invention to be minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail,
Method includes the following steps:
1) it selects dogstail: selecting sowing with high stalk dogstail or cuttage with high stalk dogstail；
2) implantation methods: sowing is sowed with high stalk dogstail in 3-4 month；Cuttage uses 1 Nian Shengzhi with high stalk dogstail
Strain is used as seedling stem, removes blade and retains leaf sheath, carries out cutting propagation in 3-4 month；
3) seedling after sowing plantation or cutting propagation bag transplantation of seedlings: is transplanted into Seedling bag；After height of seedling to 5-10cm
It transplants to planting site；
4) seedling management: the seedling to high stalk dogstail is long to during 3 leaves, applies in such a way that the root of seedling is applied using point
Fertilizer；
5) final-period management: the 5-9 month high stalk dogstail vigorous period to its root earth's surface spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer, improve high stalk dogstail
With the competitiveness of Mikania micrantha；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, sowing being harvested with the seed of high stalk dogstail, for coming
Year sowing；Cuttage is forced down with the plant stalk of high stalk dogstail and is thrown oneself on the ground, is conducive to the internode rudiment of spring seedling stem, establishes more new plants
Group from；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: carry out cradling height for the stubble left 10-20cm in high stalk dogstail 50-150cm；It cuts
The dogstail cut uses as animal feed, imposes urea fertilizer in the root of high stalk dogstail after cradling every time；Dogstail after cradling
It hands in the fall and broadcasts Itanlian rye, increase forage yield and the soil organism.
For a long time, it is believed that the growing way of dogstail itself is often entirely covered no more than Mikania micrantha.The present invention passes through
Many years Mikania micrantha group from habitat survey and test, from Mikania micrantha group from and periphery filter out a variety of dogstail, be formed with Mikania micrantha
Effect competition；In the present invention, inventor has found the high stalk dogstail selected, and plant type advantage includes that stalk is upright, harder, and blade is elegant
Softness is difficult to bear a heavy burden.From ground intrusion dogstail group from Mikania micrantha plant winding dogstail stalk climbing to a certain extent after, it is a variety of
External force factor, such as the rustle of leaves in the wind rocks dogstail, and blade droops, and Mikania micrantha glides, and falls dogstail group and loses ground from interior；Only exist
Dogstail group has a bushes from periphery, and Mikania micrantha depends on bushes and directly covers high stalk dogstail group from or even whole covering, due to standing grain
Prominent in tip when careless lobus cardiacus is extracted out, high stalk dogstail still can be from Mikania micrantha group from growing.Therefore, as a preferred option,
Sowing selected by the present invention is one or more of big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane, sudangrass, Sorghum sudanense, skewer with high stalk dogstail
Inserting with high stalk dogstail is hybrid Chinese pennisetum or/and rattan bamboo grass.
In addition, finding in research process of the invention, Mikania micrantha growth of seedling is slow, 30 days high 1.1cm of seedling, single plant
Leaf area 0.33cm2, hereafter growth is accelerated, and seedling initial stage to illumination-insensitive, with the increase of seedling age, sharply increases lighting requirements
Add, illumination deficiency can inhibit to grow.March is the peak period of Mikania micrantha seedling emergence, May death of seedling rate highest.June
Mikania micrantha enters fast growing period, grows the 7-8 month most fast, and average to extend 90cm weekly, a section can extend 20cm in for 24 hours,
The axil of each section can grow a pair of of shoot, and a section annual growth total length reaches 1007m, in field, one of Mikania micrantha
Rattan can extend 20cm a whole night；Start large area November to bloom, subsequent nutrient growth stops；It can be seen that Mikania micrantha vigorous growth
Month phase 4-9, environment is suitable for illumination and moisture is the basis of fast-growth.Therefore, in the present invention, by the time of sowing or cuttage
Be selected between the 3-4 month, and after seedling is longer, fertilizer applied to the soil surface of the root of seedling, improve dogstail group with
The competitiveness of Mikania micrantha makes dogstail form certain growth vigor before Mikania micrantha growth, until Mikania micrantha starts fast fast-growing
When long, the growth of high stalk dogstail has had reached vigorous state, forms advantageous competitive advantage with Mikania micrantha；With Mikania micrantha
Demand of the growth in later period to illumination sharply increases, and the growth of dogstail at this time can effectively hinder Mikania micrantha to obtain illumination and water
Point, thus achieve the purpose that inhibit Mikania micrantha growth.
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, using cave seeding method is opened, specific steps are such as
Under: seed is poured into seed dressing and is mixed thoroughly, is impregnated 3 ~ 5 hours, pours into and filters moisture in sieve.Be placed on ventilation place spread out to
Bunch planting kind, the cave density 1-9/m are opened when seed coat is without between water droplet, seed without adhesion2, cave format diameter 5-10cm, deep 5-10cm,
Every cave 2-5, rear earthing 0.5-1 cm is broadcast, keeps ground moistening.
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, is sowed using the directly mode of sowing, directly planted
Sow seed, application rate 0.5-5g/m with planting2。
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, cutting propagation specific steps: acupoint depth 8- is opened
12cm, wide 10-15cm；Then by the water-retaining agent 5-10min of seedling stem infiltration 0.2-0.3%, axillary bud upward, seedling stem and ground at
15 ° of -45 ° of oblique cuttings enter soil, 1-9 plants/m of cutting density2, earthing 3/4.
As further embodiment, in step 2) described in the above method, cutting propagation specific steps are as follows: use polyacrylamide
Amine type water-retaining agent carries out dry application, before rainfall, after water-retaining agent is added to 5~10cm or less of surface soil in the ratio of 5~10g/ ㎡,
Cave is dug in positioning, opens acupoint depth 8-12cm, wide 10-15cm, 1-9 plants/m of cutting density2。
As further embodiment, in step 3) described in the above method, using opening cave plantation, cave diameter when bag transplantation of seedlings
10-15cm, depth 5-10cm；If seedling bag is polybag, transplanted again after first need to taking off bag.
As further embodiment, in step 4) described in the above method, 15:15:15 import is applied in seedling root points and is moved
Prestige compound fertilizer fertilizer, dosage are 2-3g/ plants of clumps；Or with 10g/m2Dose apply urea in seedling root points.
It further include once making to seedling foliage spray described in the above method in step 4) as further embodiment
Its grand herbicide, 4-6 packet, every packet are that 10ml emulsifiable concentrate is packed to dosing per acre, are watered 40-60 liter/mu.Due to 6-9 month height
Warm high humidity sprays selective herbicide at this time and kills Mikania micrantha, promote to prevent and treat Mikania micrantha preferable season using selective herbicide
Group is built into dogstail；After herbicide spraying about 30 days, dead Mikania micrantha plant is rotted substantially, can be broadcasted sowing dogstail in unoccupied place and be planted
It is resumed.
Further, it is found in research of the invention, nitrogen influences the below-ground competition of Mikania micrantha and dogstail.When soil can benefit
It is 0.0175g/kg with nitrogen concentration, when 0.035 g/kg, 0.07 g/kg, Mikania micrantha ground biomass is successively reduced.Therefore this hair
Nitrogenous fertilizer is applied to planting site in the bright step 5), the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is fertilizer amount 5-10g available nitrogen/m2。
It is specific embodiment of the present invention below, used seed, fertilizer etc. can pass through in the following embodiments
Buying pattern obtains.
Embodiment 1
It is being minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha, this method packet using big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane
Include following steps:
1) it selects dogstail: selecting big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane seed；
2) implantation methods: big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane are sowed in 3-4 month；Using cave seeding method is opened, comprise the concrete steps that by
Seed is poured into seed dressing and is mixed thoroughly, is impregnated 3 ~ 5 hours, is poured into and is filtered moisture in sieve；It spreads out to seed in the place for being placed on ventilation
Bunch planting kind, the cave density 1-9/m are opened when epidermis is without between water droplet, seed without adhesion2, cave format diameter 5-10cm, deep 5-10cm, every cave
2-5, rear earthing 0.5-1 cm is broadcast, keeps ground moistening；
3) seedling of big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane bag transplantation of seedlings: is transplanted into Seedling bag；Transplanting is extremely planted after height of seedling to 5-10cm
Ground；The selection of planting site include roadside lie waste ground, development & construction standby, pond periphery, ditch both sides, creek bank slope etc.；?
It is subjected to the wilting plant of the clearly visible Mikania micrantha in location of Mikania micrantha harm, can directly be planted；Remaining short vegetative coverage location and
Baldness earth's surface can plant；
4) seedling management: the seedling to big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane is long to during 3 leaves, applies 15:15:15 import in seedling root points
Compound fertilizer, Norway fertilizer, dosage are 2-3g/ plants of clumps；
5) final-period management: the 5-9 month big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane vigorous period to its root earth's surface spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer, improve big
The competitiveness of broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane and Mikania micrantha；The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is fertilizer amount 5-10g available nitrogen/m2；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, the seed of big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane being harvested, be used for the coming year
Sowing；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: in big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane 100-150cm carry out cradling height for the stubble left 15-
20cm；Big broomcorn millet, the sorghum sugarcane cradled is used as animal feed, imposes urea in the root of big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane after cradling every time
Fertilizer；It hands in the fall to big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane after cradling and broadcasts Itanlian rye, increase forage yield and the soil organism.
Embodiment 2
It is being minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha using sudangrass, this method includes following
Step:
1) it selects dogstail: selecting sudangrass；
2) implantation methods: sudangrass is sowed in 3-4 month；It is sowed using the directly mode of sowing, directly in planting site
Sow seed, application rate 0.5-5g/m2；
3) seedling of sudangrass bag transplantation of seedlings: is transplanted into Seedling bag；It transplants after height of seedling to 5-10cm to planting site；Kind
Plant ground selection include roadside lie waste ground, development & construction standby, pond periphery, ditch both sides, creek bank slope etc.；It has been subjected to common vetch
The wilting plant of the clearly visible Mikania micrantha in location of camomile harm, can directly plant；Remaining short vegetative coverage location and baldness
Table can plant；
4) seedling management: seedling to sudangrass is long to during 3 leaves, with 10g/m2Dose apply urine in seedling root points
Element；Its grand herbicide is once made to seedling foliage spray simultaneously, 4-6 packet, every packet are that 10ml emulsifiable concentrate is packed to dosing per acre,
It is watered 40-60 liter/mu；
5) final-period management: nitrogenous fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields to its root earth's surface in 5-9 month sudangrass vigorous period, improves sudangrass and common vetch
The competitiveness of camomile；The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is fertilizer amount 5-10g available nitrogen/m2；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, the seed of sudangrass being harvested, sowed for the coming year；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: carry out cradling height for the stubble left 15-20cm in sudangrass 100-150cm；It cuts
The sudangrass cut uses as animal feed, and the root after cradling every time in sudangrass imposes urea fertilizer；Sudangrass after cradling
Ground is handed over broadcast Itanlian rye in the fall, and forage yield and the soil organism are increased.
Embodiment 3
It is being minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha using hybrid Chinese pennisetum, this method includes
Following steps:
1) it selects dogstail: selecting sturdy, no disease and pests harm hybrid Chinese pennisetum stalk, seedling stem is often 2 section, 1 internode, and blade is cut
Except only retaining leaf sheath；
2) implantation methods: using cutting propagation, carries out cuttage in 3-4 month；Cave is opened with hoe or pickax, depth is about
10cm, wide 10-15cm；Seedling stem infiltrates the water-retaining agent 5-10min of 0.2-0.3%, then axillary bud upward, seedling stem and ground at 15 °-
45 ° of oblique cuttings enter soil, earthing 3/4,1-9 plants/m of propagating cuttage density2；
3) the hybrid Chinese pennisetum seedling after cutting propagation bag transplantation of seedlings: is transplanted into Seedling bag；After height of seedling to 5-10cm
It transplants to planting site；The selection of planting site includes that roadside lies waste ground, development & construction deposit ground, pond periphery, ditch both sides, creek
Bank slope etc.；It has been subjected to the wilting plant of the clearly visible Mikania micrantha in location of Mikania micrantha harm, can directly have been planted；Remaining short vegetation is covered
Lid location and baldness earth's surface can plant；
4) seedling management: the seedling to hybrid Chinese pennisetum is long to during 3 leaves, applies 15:15:15 import in seedling root points and moves
Prestige compound fertilizer fertilizer, dosage are 2-3g/ plants of clumps；Its grand herbicide is once made to seedling foliage spray simultaneously, dosing is per acre
4-6 packet, every packet are that 10ml emulsifiable concentrate is packed, and are watered 40-60 liter/mu；
5) final-period management: nitrogenous fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields to its root earth's surface in 5-9 month hybrid Chinese pennisetum vigorous period, improves hybridization wolf
The competitiveness of tail grass and Mikania micrantha；The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is fertilizer amount 5-10g available nitrogen/m2；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, the plant stalk of cuttage hybrid Chinese pennisetum being forced down and is thrown oneself on the ground,
Conducive to spring seedling stem internode rudiment, establish planting group of hill from；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: carry out cradling height for the stubble left 15- in hybrid Chinese pennisetum 100-150cm
20cm；The hybrid Chinese pennisetum cradled is used as animal feed, and the root after cradling every time in hybrid Chinese pennisetum imposes urea fertilizer；
It hands in the fall to hybrid Chinese pennisetum after cradling and broadcasts Itanlian rye, increase forage yield and the soil organism.
Embodiment 4
1) it selects dogstail: selecting sturdy, no disease and pests harm rattan bamboo grass blade stalk, seedling stem is often 2 section, 1 internode, and blade is wiped out only
Retain leaf sheath；
2) implantation methods: using cutting propagation, carries out cuttage in 3-4 month；It is carried out using polyacrylamide water-retaining agent
Water-retaining agent is pressed 5~10g/m before rainfall by dry application2Ratio be added to 5~10cm or less of surface soil after, with hoe or pickax
Cave, acupoint depth about 10cm, wide 10-15cm are dug in positioning；Seedling stem presses former normal plants direction, and lower end oblique cutting is buried in the earth, buries
Enter depth 3-5cm, guarantees that soil or earthing 1-2cm, 1-9 plants/m of propagating cuttage density are saved in top2；
3) the rattan bamboo grass seeds transplantation of seedlings after cutting propagation bag transplantation of seedlings: is entered into Seedling bag；It is transplanted after height of seedling to 5-10cm
To planting site；The selection of planting site include roadside lie waste ground, development & construction standby, pond periphery, ditch both sides, creek bank slope
Deng；It has been subjected to the wilting plant of the clearly visible Mikania micrantha in location of Mikania micrantha harm, can directly have been planted；Remaining short vegetative coverage
Section and baldness earth's surface can plant；
4) seedling management: seedling to rattan bamboo grass is long to during 3 leaves, with 10g/m2Dose apply urine in seedling root points
Element；Its grand herbicide is once made to seedling foliage spray simultaneously, 4-6 packet, every packet are that 10ml emulsifiable concentrate is packed to dosing per acre,
It is watered 40-60 liter/mu；
5) final-period management: nitrogenous fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields to its root earth's surface in 5-9 month rattan bamboo grass vigorous period, improves rattan bamboo grass and common vetch
The competitiveness of camomile；The amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is fertilizer amount 5-10g available nitrogen/m2；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, the plant stalk of rattan bamboo grass being forced down and is thrown oneself on the ground, be conducive to spring kind
Rudiment between stipes, establish planting group of hill from；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: in rattan bamboo grass 50-80cm carry out cradling height for the stubble left 10-15cm；It cradles
Rattan bamboo grass used as animal feed, impose urea fertilizer in the root of rattan bamboo grass after cradling every time；Rattan bamboo meadow after cradling
It hands in the fall and broadcasts Itanlian rye, increase forage yield and the soil organism.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
The variation and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present invention
Claimed range.
Claims (11)
1. being minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits the method for Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail, which is characterized in that should
Method the following steps are included:
1) it selects dogstail: selecting sowing with high stalk dogstail or cuttage with high stalk dogstail；
2) implantation methods: sowing is sowed with high stalk dogstail in 3-4 month；Cuttage is made with high stalk dogstail using 1 year raw plant
It for seedling stem, removes blade and retains leaf sheath, carry out cutting propagation in 3-4 month；
3) seedling after sowing plantation or cutting propagation bag transplantation of seedlings: is transplanted into Seedling bag；It is transplanted after height of seedling to 5-10cm
To planting site；
4) seedling management: the seedling to high stalk dogstail is long to during 3 leaves, applies fertilizer in such a way that the root of seedling is applied using point；
5) final-period management: the 5-9 month high stalk dogstail vigorous period to its root earth's surface spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogenous fertilizer, improve high stalk dogstail and common vetch
The competitiveness of camomile；
6) next year and long-period of management:
It does not cradle the management on the dogstail ground utilized: after autumn, sowing being harvested with the seed of high stalk dogstail, is broadcast for the coming year
Kind；Cuttage is forced down with the plant stalk of high stalk dogstail and is thrown oneself on the ground, is conducive to the internode rudiment of spring seedling stem, establishes more planting group of hills
Clump；
Cradle using dogstail ground management: cradled in high stalk dogstail 50-150cm, height for the stubble left 10-20cm；It cradles
Dogstail used as animal feed, impose urea fertilizer in the root of high stalk dogstail after cradling every time；Dogstail after cradling
Autumn, which hands over, broadcasts Itanlian rye, increases forage yield and the soil organism.
2. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 1), sowing with high stalk dogstail for one of big broomcorn millet, sorghum sugarcane, sudangrass, Sorghum sudanense or
Two or more, cuttage is hybrid Chinese pennisetum or/and rattan bamboo grass with high stalk dogstail.
3. according to claim 2 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 2), using opening cave seeding method, the specific steps are as follows: pour into seed dressing seed and mix
It is even, it impregnates 3~5 hours, pours into and filter moisture in sieve.
4. according to claim 3 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 2), the place for being placed on ventilation is spread out, when seed coat is without between water droplet, seed without adhesion
Bunch planting kind, the cave density 1-9/m2 are opened, cave format diameter 5-10cm, deep 5-10cm, broadcast rear earthing 0.5-1cm by every cave 2-5, protect
Hold ground moistening.
5. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 2), sowed using the directly mode of sowing, directly sow seed, application rate 0.5- in planting site
5g/m2。
6. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 2), cutting propagation specific steps: open acupoint depth 8-12cm, wide 10-15cm；Then by seedling stem
The water-retaining agent 5-10min of 0.2-0.3% is infiltrated, upward, at 15 ° -45 °, oblique cutting enters soil, cutting density to axillary bud for seedling stem and ground
1-9 plants/m2, earthing 3/4.
7. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 2), cutting propagation specific steps are as follows: carry out dry application with polyacrylamide water-retaining agent, dropping
Before rain, water-retaining agent is pressed into 5~10g/m2Ratio be added to 5~10cm or less of surface soil after, positioning dig cave, open acupoint depth 8-
12cm, wide 10-15cm, 1-9 plants/m of cutting density2。
8. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 3), using opening cave plantation, cave diameter 10-15cm, depth 5-10cm: if bag when bag transplantation of seedlings
Seedling is polybag, is transplanted again after first need to taking off bag.
9. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 4), apply compound fertilizer, 15:15:15 import Norway fertilizer, dosage 2-3g/ in seedling root points
Strain clump；Or with 10g/m2Dose apply urea in seedling root points.
10. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that further include once making its grand herbicide to seedling foliage spray, dosing is every in step 4)
Mu 4-6 packet, every packet are that 10ml emulsifiable concentrate is packed, and are watered 40-60 liter/mu.
11. according to claim 1 minimal tilled or the no-tillage unmanned non-forest land irrigated inhibits Mikania micrantha using high stalk dogstail
Method, which is characterized in that in step 5), the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is 5-10g available nitrogen/m2。
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| CN109952917A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-02 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | The method for substituting control Mikania micrantha using lemongrass |
| CN109168806A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-11 | 中山大学 | A method of Mikania micrantha is controlled using eciophyte allelopathy |
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