CN104145650A - Eucommia ulmoides planting method - Google Patents
Eucommia ulmoides planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145650A CN104145650A CN201410348314.0A CN201410348314A CN104145650A CN 104145650 A CN104145650 A CN 104145650A CN 201410348314 A CN201410348314 A CN 201410348314A CN 104145650 A CN104145650 A CN 104145650A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation and discloses a eucommia ulmoides planting method. The eucommia ulmoides includes steps of (1) seed selecting; (2) treatment before sowing; (3) sowing into a bed; (4) seedling management. Before sowed, eucommia ulmoides seeds are disinfected, seedling diseases are reduced, damping-off of the seedlings is effectively prevented, base dressing is performed during sowing, and when buds of the eucommia ulmoides grow neatly, leaf fertilizer is sprayed to the buds. Base dressing and leaf fertilizer are reasonable in ingredient and fast in effect, plants can directly absorb and nutritional requirements during growth of the eucommia ulmoides trees are met. During cultivating and growing, various pests and diseases are prevented, growth environment for the eucommia ulmoides is improved and survival rate of the eucommia ulmoides is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical field, refer more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia.
Background technology
The bark of eucommia (formal name used at school Eucommia ulmoides Oliver), has another name called bakelite, is Eucommiaceae plant.The medicinal bark of eucommia, the dry bark of the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver), is Chinese famous and precious tonic herb.Taste is sweet, warm in nature.Return liver, kidney, stomach warp.Effect tonifies the liver and kidney, strengthens muscles and bones, coordinating Chong and Conception Vessels, solid through antiabortive.The pain in waist and lower extremities that treatment kidney-yang deficiency causes or aching and limp unable.Born of the same parents' tire that irritability void causes is solid, scrotum the is wet disease such as itch.< < Sheng Nong's herbal classic > > classifies as top grade.
Deciduous tree, up to 20 meters.Sprig is smooth, yellowish-brown or lighter, tool sheet marrow.Skin, branch and leaf are all containing colloid.Single leaf alternate; Oval or avette, long 7～15 centimetres, wide 3.5～6.5 centimetres, tip is point gradually, the wide wedge shape of base portion, there is sawtooth at edge, above spire, dredge by pubescence, below hair closeer, smooth above Lao Ye, below vein place dredge by hair; Long 1～2 centimetre of petiole.Flower unisexuality, dioecism, simultaneously open with leaf, or first leaf is open, is born in the armpit of annual branch base portion bract, has anthocaulus; Without perianth; Male flower has 6～10 pieces, stamen; Female flower has the exposed and ovary that extends, ovary Room 1, and there are 2 forked styles on top.Samara ovum shape oblong is and flat, and tip is recessed, inside has 1, seed.4～May of florescence.Fruit September phase.Be born in the woods of mountain region or cultivation.Middle reaches, distribution the Changjiang river and southern each province, Henan, Shaanxi, all there is cultivation on the ground such as Gansu.Habit of growth: like sunny, gentle humid climate, cold-resistant, not tight to soil requirement, hills, Plain all can be planted, also can utilize fragmentary soil or four other cultivations.At present.The planting technology of the bark of eucommia is not still very ripe, and the seedling percent of plantation is not erosion very high, that be easily subject to insect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia, immature to overcome prior art, and Growth of Eucommia ulmoides process is subject to insect pest, the defects such as the damping off that is easy to get, root rot.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
An implantation methods for the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia, is characterized in that, comprises following sequential steps:
(1) selected seed: choose full, flawless, not lopsided eucommia bark seed, use thimerosal disinfection, the processing time is 12-16 hours;
(2) broadcast front disposal: pack seed into plastics and compile in souvenir bag, hang ventilating cool place, in late December directly into drill seeding kind.Eucommia bark seed in adopt by the end of October lower after, suspension storEs, late December soaks 1～2 day with clear water, change clear water every day 1 time, while changing water for the last time, add and put less copper sulphate or ambam (zinc), carbendazim, with the germ of going out pull out filter can let go when with sowing tack-free, directly into drill seeding kind.The short seed longevity of Du is 1 year, and percentage of seedgermination and maturity, freshness are in close relations, and aging percentage of seedgermination is low, and spring sowing germination rate is lower;
(3) enter drill seeding kind:
1) site preparation and fertilization: select Huo Sharang field, Shatian, repeatedly plough rake 2～3 times before broadcasting.Crops for rotation " are beaten " by Geng Paqian Rong composite fertilizer the last time.Make 1 meter of furrow, draw confuse 20～25 centimetres dark, in ditch, execute barnyard manure Huo Sa composite fertilizer and dish cake, also available people and animals urinate excrement bottoming, earthing is lower than 1.5～2 centimetres, furrow face.
2) plant into furrow: the 11-12 month in winter or spring 2-3 month in and month out samming reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above, in executing the ditch of base manure, by putting 1 seed or rare even being sprinkling upon in ditch between 5 centimetres, overstocked person picks up the rare place of another pendulum.Cover 1.5～2 centimetres of the mixed soil of ash or fine earths.On furrow, along ditch, to tiling rice, cogongrass, be incubated.Lid grass needn't be blocked up, in order to avoid seedling is taken advantage of a situation while lifting grass after neat, takes seedling out of.
3) kill mouse and control after worm diseases prevention straw lid furrow, attract mouse and be exceedingly fast, mouse stings that to eat seed of bark of eucommia very serious.Must instant dispensing trapping mouse.Before 15～20 days that seedling is unearthed, with Furadan and the loess of 1:3, mix and stir the furrow face that spreads, poisoning cutworm.Seedling substantially all sprouts and lifts straw, cogongrass, then spreads the worm powder and ash and fine earth on birthdays hundred of a 1:4.Shrivelled seed or meet drought because of bark of eucommia pustulation period of setting seeds, in its seed, meat is black, does not have the idea of leaving things to chance of " paving paving is seen ", more do not grow seedlings with one of sturdy seed, the damping off on postoperative infection in case sturdy seed is emerged.
(4) seedling management:
1) thinning: emerge to go out between overstocked seedling separately and transplant, make it keep 8～10 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, take before outputing true leaf after seedling all sprouts substantially and transplant as good, not opening its root of true leaf almost need not root.At the cloudy day or at dusk choose gently (being with mud) with hard bamboo chip as far as possible, (one), with cultivation, waters after cultivation with choosing, and within 7～10 days, urinates excrement afterwards with extremely light people or urea point is abundant waters fertilizer 1 time.
2) spray medicine is kept a full stand of seedings: in whole seedling stage, spray medicine control locust and attract subsequently the insects such as next flatheaded borer, longicorn.Bordeaux mixture can prevent damping off, but nursery stock obtained and spray bordeaux mixture after damping off again and do not help matters, and should adopt anti-wither chemical, carbendazim pouring.Meanwhile, the shallow table of hoing the fields, to increase ground temperature, water light fertilizer, to strengthen soil fertility more.Downy mildew leaf has blackspot,, like frost, falls leaves in the back side; Stalk break performance is rotten, rotten stem.In 20 degrees Celsius of left and right of temperature, long period rainy, high humidity, soil fertility is not enough, and near the infection of bark of eucommia young growth pathogeny being subject to, and above-mentioned disease is also easy to get in nursery.Can adopt ambam (zinc), mancozeb, carbendazim spray or pour.The increase ground temperature that loosens the soil, and add and spread the ash of 1:4 and quicklime powder in strain root, except diseased plant is buried or burn, notes field drainage.
3) uprooting weed is loosened the soil: after coming up, see that grass just pulls out, and prevents farmland running to weeds; Will loosening soil, weeding after 4 true leaves.Early hoe can improve ground temperature, and the pathogeny of contending with will shallow pine while starting 1～2 time, and whole seedling stage, loosening soil, weeding was 4 times, and the uprooting weed of megathermal period in August is not loosened the soil.
4) fertilising: fertilization strategy will " be had many meals but little food at eath ", take farmyard manure and compound must be as good, fertilising is light, with rare watering after loosening the soil at every turn, is advisable, carbon ammonium should not be used, in case fertilizer damage.Can be at rainy day piss element after 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, 4～5 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions.After 40 centimetres of heights of seedling, every 15～20 days, can gently spread 1 time urea.The bark of eucommia seedling phase in autumn is suddenly long, and fertilizer is caught up with, and large person can grow 100～110 centimetres high then, can turn out high quality seedling.
Preferably, the thimerosal in described step (1) is fenaminosulf thimerosal.
Preferably, in described step (3) sowing time be February in spring temperature reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above.
When preferably, step 4 in described step (4)) time of results bark of eucommia seedling is high to 105 centimetres for growing up.
The present invention is before eucommia bark seed sowing, seed is carried out disinfection, reduced nursery stock disease, effectively protected nursery stock damping off, basal dressing during sowing, when gutta-percha tree young shoot is just neat, spray foliage fertilizer, base manure of the present invention, foliage fertilizer formulation are reasonable, instant effect, plant can directly absorb, and meets the nutritional need of gutta-percha tree process of growth; The present invention cultivates growing period and carries out the various extermination of disease and insect pest, has effectively improved the growing environment of the bark of eucommia, has improved the survival rate of the bark of eucommia.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment mono-:
(1) selected seed: choose full, flawless, not lopsided eucommia bark seed, use thimerosal disinfection, the processing time is 12 hours;
(2) broadcast front disposal: pack seed into plastics and compile in souvenir bag, hang ventilating cool place, in late December directly into drill seeding kind.Eucommia bark seed in adopt by the end of October lower after, suspension storEs, late December soaks 1 day with clear water, change clear water every day 1 time, while changing water for the last time, add and put less copper sulphate or ambam (zinc), carbendazim, with the germ of going out pull out filter can let go when with sowing tack-free, directly into drill seeding kind.The short seed longevity of Du is 1 year, and percentage of seedgermination and maturity, freshness are in close relations, and aging percentage of seedgermination is low, and spring sowing germination rate is lower;
(3) enter drill seeding kind:
1) site preparation and fertilization: select Huo Sharang field, Shatian, repeatedly plough rake 2～3 times before broadcasting.Crops for rotation " are beaten " by Geng Paqian Rong composite fertilizer the last time.Make 1 meter of furrow, draw confuse 20～25 centimetres dark, in ditch, execute barnyard manure Huo Sa composite fertilizer and dish cake, also available people and animals urinate excrement bottoming, earthing is lower than 1.5～2 centimetres, furrow face.
2) plant into furrow: the 11-12 month in winter or spring 2-3 month in and month out samming reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above, in executing the ditch of base manure, by putting 1 seed or rare even being sprinkling upon in ditch between 5 centimetres, overstocked person picks up the rare place of another pendulum.Cover 1.5～2 centimetres of the mixed soil of ash or fine earths.On furrow, along ditch, to tiling rice, cogongrass, be incubated.Lid grass needn't be blocked up, in order to avoid seedling is taken advantage of a situation while lifting grass after neat, takes seedling out of.
3) kill mouse and control after worm diseases prevention straw lid furrow, attract mouse and be exceedingly fast, mouse stings that to eat seed of bark of eucommia very serious.Must instant dispensing trapping mouse.Before 15～20 days that seedling is unearthed, with Furadan and the loess of 1:3, mix and stir the furrow face that spreads, poisoning cutworm.Seedling substantially all sprouts and lifts straw, cogongrass, then spreads the worm powder and ash and fine earth on birthdays hundred of a 1:4.Shrivelled seed or meet drought because of bark of eucommia pustulation period of setting seeds, in its seed, meat is black, does not have the idea of leaving things to chance of " paving paving is seen ", more do not grow seedlings with one of sturdy seed, the damping off on postoperative infection in case sturdy seed is emerged.
(4) seedling management:
1) thinning: emerge to go out between overstocked seedling separately and transplant, make it keep 8～10 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, take before outputing true leaf after seedling all sprouts substantially and transplant as good, not opening its root of true leaf almost need not root.At the cloudy day or at dusk choose gently (being with mud) with hard bamboo chip as far as possible, (one), with cultivation, waters after cultivation with choosing, and within 7～10 days, urinates excrement afterwards with extremely light people or urea point is abundant waters fertilizer 1 time.
2) spray medicine is kept a full stand of seedings: in whole seedling stage, spray medicine control locust and attract subsequently the insects such as next flatheaded borer, longicorn.Bordeaux mixture can prevent damping off, but nursery stock obtained and spray bordeaux mixture after damping off again and do not help matters, and should adopt anti-wither chemical, carbendazim pouring.Meanwhile, the shallow table of hoing the fields, to increase ground temperature, water light fertilizer, to strengthen soil fertility more.Downy mildew leaf has blackspot,, like frost, falls leaves in the back side; Stalk break performance is rotten, rotten stem.In 20 degrees Celsius of left and right of temperature, long period rainy, high humidity, soil fertility is not enough, and near the infection of bark of eucommia young growth pathogeny being subject to, and above-mentioned disease is also easy to get in nursery.Can adopt ambam (zinc), mancozeb, carbendazim spray or pour.The increase ground temperature that loosens the soil, and add and spread the ash of 1:4 and quicklime powder in strain root, except diseased plant is buried or burn, notes field drainage.
3) uprooting weed is loosened the soil: after coming up, see that grass just pulls out, and prevents farmland running to weeds; Will loosening soil, weeding after 4 true leaves.Early hoe can improve ground temperature, and the pathogeny of contending with will shallow pine while starting 1～2 time, and whole seedling stage, loosening soil, weeding was 4 times, and the uprooting weed of megathermal period in August is not loosened the soil.
4) fertilising: fertilization strategy will " be had many meals but little food at eath ", take farmyard manure and compound must be as good, fertilising is light, with rare watering after loosening the soil at every turn, is advisable, carbon ammonium should not be used, in case fertilizer damage.Can be at rainy day piss element after 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, 4～5 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions.After 40 centimetres of heights of seedling, every 15～20 days, can gently spread 1 time urea.The bark of eucommia seedling phase in autumn is suddenly long, and fertilizer is caught up with, and large person can grow 100～110 centimetres high then, can turn out high quality seedling.
Embodiment bis-:
(1) selected seed: choose full, flawless, not lopsided eucommia bark seed, use thimerosal disinfection, the processing time is 16 hours;
(2) broadcast front disposal: pack seed into plastics and compile in souvenir bag, hang ventilating cool place, in late December directly into drill seeding kind.Eucommia bark seed in adopt by the end of October lower after, suspension storEs, late December soaks 2 days with clear water, change clear water every day 1 time, while changing water for the last time, add and put less copper sulphate or ambam (zinc), carbendazim, with the germ of going out pull out filter can let go when with sowing tack-free, directly into drill seeding kind.The short seed longevity of Du is 1 year, and percentage of seedgermination and maturity, freshness are in close relations, and aging percentage of seedgermination is low, and spring sowing germination rate is lower;
(3) enter drill seeding kind:
1) site preparation and fertilization: select Huo Sharang field, Shatian, repeatedly plough rake 2～3 times before broadcasting.Crops for rotation " are beaten " by Geng Paqian Rong composite fertilizer the last time.Make 1 meter of furrow, draw confuse 20～25 centimetres dark, in ditch, execute barnyard manure Huo Sa composite fertilizer and dish cake, also available people and animals urinate excrement bottoming, earthing is lower than 1.5～2 centimetres, furrow face.
2) plant into furrow: the 11-12 month in winter or spring 2-3 month in and month out samming reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above, in executing the ditch of base manure, by putting 1 seed or rare even being sprinkling upon in ditch between 5 centimetres, overstocked person picks up the rare place of another pendulum.Cover 1.5～2 centimetres of the mixed soil of ash or fine earths.On furrow, along ditch, to tiling rice, cogongrass, be incubated.Lid grass needn't be blocked up, in order to avoid seedling is taken advantage of a situation while lifting grass after neat, takes seedling out of.
3) kill mouse and control after worm diseases prevention straw lid furrow, attract mouse and be exceedingly fast, mouse stings that to eat seed of bark of eucommia very serious.Must instant dispensing trapping mouse.Before 15～20 days that seedling is unearthed, with Furadan and the loess of 1:3, mix and stir the furrow face that spreads, poisoning cutworm.Seedling substantially all sprouts and lifts straw, cogongrass, then spreads the worm powder and ash and fine earth on birthdays hundred of a 1:4.Shrivelled seed or meet drought because of bark of eucommia pustulation period of setting seeds, in its seed, meat is black, does not have the idea of leaving things to chance of " paving paving is seen ", more do not grow seedlings with one of sturdy seed, the damping off on postoperative infection in case sturdy seed is emerged.
(4) seedling management:
1) thinning: emerge to go out between overstocked seedling separately and transplant, make it keep 8～10 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, take before outputing true leaf after seedling all sprouts substantially and transplant as good, not opening its root of true leaf almost need not root.At the cloudy day or at dusk choose gently (being with mud) with hard bamboo chip as far as possible, (one), with cultivation, waters after cultivation with choosing, and within 7～10 days, urinates excrement afterwards with extremely light people or urea point is abundant waters fertilizer 1 time.
2) spray medicine is kept a full stand of seedings: in whole seedling stage, spray medicine control locust and attract subsequently the insects such as next flatheaded borer, longicorn.Bordeaux mixture can prevent damping off, but nursery stock obtained and spray bordeaux mixture after damping off again and do not help matters, and should adopt anti-wither chemical, carbendazim pouring.Meanwhile, the shallow table of hoing the fields, to increase ground temperature, water light fertilizer, to strengthen soil fertility more.Downy mildew leaf has blackspot,, like frost, falls leaves in the back side; Stalk break performance is rotten, rotten stem.In 20 degrees Celsius of left and right of temperature, long period rainy, high humidity, soil fertility is not enough, and near the infection of bark of eucommia young growth pathogeny being subject to, and above-mentioned disease is also easy to get in nursery.Can adopt ambam (zinc), mancozeb, carbendazim spray or pour.The increase ground temperature that loosens the soil, and add and spread the ash of 1:4 and quicklime powder in strain root, except diseased plant is buried or burn, notes field drainage.
3) uprooting weed is loosened the soil: after coming up, see that grass just pulls out, and prevents farmland running to weeds; Will loosening soil, weeding after 4 true leaves.Early hoe can improve ground temperature, and the pathogeny of contending with will shallow pine while starting 1～2 time, and whole seedling stage, loosening soil, weeding was 4 times, and the uprooting weed of megathermal period in August is not loosened the soil.
4) fertilising: fertilization strategy will " be had many meals but little food at eath ", take farmyard manure and compound must be as good, fertilising is light, with rare watering after loosening the soil at every turn, is advisable, carbon ammonium should not be used, in case fertilizer damage.Can be at rainy day piss element after 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, 4～5 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions.After 40 centimetres of heights of seedling, every 15～20 days, can gently spread 1 time urea.The bark of eucommia seedling phase in autumn is suddenly long, and fertilizer is caught up with, and large person can grow 100～110 centimetres high then, can turn out high quality seedling.
Embodiment tri-:
(1) selected seed: choose full, flawless, not lopsided eucommia bark seed, use thimerosal disinfection, the processing time is 14 hours;
(2) broadcast front disposal: pack seed into plastics and compile in souvenir bag, hang ventilating cool place, in late December directly into drill seeding kind.Eucommia bark seed in adopt by the end of October lower after, suspension storEs, late December soaks 1.5 days with clear water, change clear water every day 1 time, while changing water for the last time, add and put less copper sulphate or ambam (zinc), carbendazim, with the germ of going out pull out filter can let go when with sowing tack-free, directly into drill seeding kind.The short seed longevity of Du is 1 year, and percentage of seedgermination and maturity, freshness are in close relations, and aging percentage of seedgermination is low, and spring sowing germination rate is lower;
(3) enter drill seeding kind:
1) site preparation and fertilization: select Huo Sharang field, Shatian, repeatedly plough rake 2～3 times before broadcasting.Crops for rotation " are beaten " by Geng Paqian Rong composite fertilizer the last time.Make 1 meter of furrow, draw confuse 20～25 centimetres dark, in ditch, execute barnyard manure Huo Sa composite fertilizer and dish cake, also available people and animals urinate excrement bottoming, earthing is lower than 1.5～2 centimetres, furrow face.
2) plant into furrow: the 11-12 month in winter or spring 2-3 month in and month out samming reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above, in executing the ditch of base manure, by putting 1 seed or rare even being sprinkling upon in ditch between 5 centimetres, overstocked person picks up the rare place of another pendulum.Cover 1.5～2 centimetres of the mixed soil of ash or fine earths.On furrow, along ditch, to tiling rice, cogongrass, be incubated.Lid grass needn't be blocked up, in order to avoid seedling is taken advantage of a situation while lifting grass after neat, takes seedling out of.
3) kill mouse and control after worm diseases prevention straw lid furrow, attract mouse and be exceedingly fast, mouse stings that to eat seed of bark of eucommia very serious.Must instant dispensing trapping mouse.Before 15～20 days that seedling is unearthed, with Furadan and the loess of 1:3, mix and stir the furrow face that spreads, poisoning cutworm.Seedling substantially all sprouts and lifts straw, cogongrass, then spreads the worm powder and ash and fine earth on birthdays hundred of a 1:4.Shrivelled seed or meet drought because of bark of eucommia pustulation period of setting seeds, in its seed, meat is black, does not have the idea of leaving things to chance of " paving paving is seen ", more do not grow seedlings with one of sturdy seed, the damping off on postoperative infection in case sturdy seed is emerged.
(4) seedling management:
1) thinning: emerge to go out between overstocked seedling separately and transplant, make it keep 8～10 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, take before outputing true leaf after seedling all sprouts substantially and transplant as good, not opening its root of true leaf almost need not root.At the cloudy day or at dusk choose gently (being with mud) with hard bamboo chip as far as possible, (one), with cultivation, waters after cultivation with choosing, and within 7～10 days, urinates excrement afterwards with extremely light people or urea point is abundant waters fertilizer 1 time.
2) spray medicine is kept a full stand of seedings: in whole seedling stage, spray medicine control locust and attract subsequently the insects such as next flatheaded borer, longicorn.Bordeaux mixture can prevent damping off, but nursery stock obtained and spray bordeaux mixture after damping off again and do not help matters, and should adopt anti-wither chemical, carbendazim pouring.Meanwhile, the shallow table of hoing the fields, to increase ground temperature, water light fertilizer, to strengthen soil fertility more.Downy mildew leaf has blackspot,, like frost, falls leaves in the back side; Stalk break performance is rotten, rotten stem.In 20 degrees Celsius of left and right of temperature, long period rainy, high humidity, soil fertility is not enough, and near the infection of bark of eucommia young growth pathogeny being subject to, and above-mentioned disease is also easy to get in nursery.Can adopt ambam (zinc), mancozeb, carbendazim spray or pour.The increase ground temperature that loosens the soil, and add and spread the ash of 1:4 and quicklime powder in strain root, except diseased plant is buried or burn, notes field drainage.
3) uprooting weed is loosened the soil: after coming up, see that grass just pulls out, and prevents farmland running to weeds; Will loosening soil, weeding after 4 true leaves.Early hoe can improve ground temperature, and the pathogeny of contending with will shallow pine while starting 1～2 time, and whole seedling stage, loosening soil, weeding was 4 times, and the uprooting weed of megathermal period in August is not loosened the soil.
4) fertilising: fertilization strategy will " be had many meals but little food at eath ", take farmyard manure and compound must be as good, fertilising is light, with rare watering after loosening the soil at every turn, is advisable, carbon ammonium should not be used, in case fertilizer damage.Can be at rainy day piss element after 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, 4～5 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions.After 40 centimetres of heights of seedling, every 15～20 days, can gently spread 1 time urea.The bark of eucommia seedling phase in autumn is suddenly long, and fertilizer is caught up with, and large person can grow 100～110 centimetres high then, can turn out high quality seedling.
The present invention is before eucommia bark seed sowing, seed is carried out disinfection, reduced nursery stock disease, effectively protected nursery stock damping off, basal dressing during sowing, when gutta-percha tree young shoot is just neat, spray foliage fertilizer, base manure of the present invention, foliage fertilizer formulation are reasonable, instant effect, plant can directly absorb, and meets the nutritional need of gutta-percha tree process of growth; The present invention cultivates growing period and carries out the various extermination of disease and insect pest, has effectively improved the growing environment of the bark of eucommia, has improved the survival rate of the bark of eucommia.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an implantation methods for the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia, is characterized in that, comprises following sequential steps:
(1) selected seed: choose full, flawless, not lopsided eucommia bark seed, use thimerosal disinfection, the processing time is 12-16 hours;
(2) broadcast front disposal: pack seed into plastics and compile in souvenir bag, hang ventilating cool place, in late December directly into drill seeding kind.Eucommia bark seed in adopt by the end of October lower after, suspension storEs, late December soaks 1～2 day with clear water, change clear water every day 1 time, while changing water for the last time, add and put less copper sulphate or ambam (zinc), carbendazim, with the germ of going out pull out filter can let go when with sowing tack-free, directly into drill seeding kind.The short seed longevity of Du is 1 year, and percentage of seedgermination and maturity, freshness are in close relations, and aging percentage of seedgermination is low, and spring sowing germination rate is lower;
(3) enter drill seeding kind:
1) site preparation and fertilization: select Huo Sharang field, Shatian, repeatedly plough rake 2～3 times before broadcasting.Crops for rotation " are beaten " by Geng Paqian Rong composite fertilizer the last time.Make 1 meter of furrow, draw confuse 20～25 centimetres dark, in ditch, execute barnyard manure Huo Sa composite fertilizer and dish cake, also available people and animals urinate excrement bottoming, earthing is lower than 1.5～2 centimetres, furrow face.
2) plant into furrow: the 11-12 month in winter or spring 2-3 month in and month out samming reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above, in executing the ditch of base manure, by putting 1 seed or rare even being sprinkling upon in ditch between 5 centimetres, overstocked person picks up the rare place of another pendulum.Cover 1.5～2 centimetres of the mixed soil of ash or fine earths.On furrow, along ditch, to tiling rice, cogongrass, be incubated.Lid grass needn't be blocked up, in order to avoid seedling is taken advantage of a situation while lifting grass after neat, takes seedling out of.
3) kill mouse and control after worm diseases prevention straw lid furrow, attract mouse and be exceedingly fast, mouse stings that to eat seed of bark of eucommia very serious.Must instant dispensing trapping mouse.Before 15～20 days that seedling is unearthed, with Furadan and the loess of 1:3, mix and stir the furrow face that spreads, poisoning cutworm.Seedling substantially all sprouts and lifts straw, cogongrass, then spreads the worm powder and ash and fine earth on birthdays hundred of a 1:4.Shrivelled seed or meet drought because of bark of eucommia pustulation period of setting seeds, in its seed, meat is black, does not have the idea of leaving things to chance of " paving paving is seen ", more do not grow seedlings with one of sturdy seed, the damping off on postoperative infection in case sturdy seed is emerged.
(4) seedling management:
1) thinning: emerge to go out between overstocked seedling separately and transplant, make it keep 8～10 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, take before outputing true leaf after seedling all sprouts substantially and transplant as good, not opening its root of true leaf almost need not root.At the cloudy day or at dusk choose gently (being with mud) with hard bamboo chip as far as possible, (one), with cultivation, waters after cultivation with choosing, and within 7～10 days, urinates excrement afterwards with extremely light people or urea point is abundant waters fertilizer 1 time.
2) spray medicine is kept a full stand of seedings: in whole seedling stage, spray medicine control locust and attract subsequently the insects such as next flatheaded borer, longicorn.Bordeaux mixture can prevent damping off, but nursery stock obtained and spray bordeaux mixture after damping off again and do not help matters, and should adopt anti-wither chemical, carbendazim pouring.Meanwhile, the shallow table of hoing the fields, to increase ground temperature, water light fertilizer, to strengthen soil fertility more.Downy mildew leaf has blackspot,, like frost, falls leaves in the back side; Stalk break performance is rotten, rotten stem.In 20 degrees Celsius of left and right of temperature, long period rainy, high humidity, soil fertility is not enough, and near the infection of bark of eucommia young growth pathogeny being subject to, and above-mentioned disease is also easy to get in nursery.Can adopt ambam (zinc), mancozeb, carbendazim spray or pour.The increase ground temperature that loosens the soil, and add and spread the ash of 1:4 and quicklime powder in strain root, except diseased plant is buried or burn, notes field drainage.
3) uprooting weed is loosened the soil: after coming up, see that grass just pulls out, and prevents farmland running to weeds; Will loosening soil, weeding after 4 true leaves.Early hoe can improve ground temperature, and the pathogeny of contending with will shallow pine while starting 1～2 time, and whole seedling stage, loosening soil, weeding was 4 times, and the uprooting weed of megathermal period in August is not loosened the soil.
4) fertilising: fertilization strategy will " be had many meals but little food at eath ", take farmyard manure and compound must be as good, fertilising is light, with rare watering after loosening the soil at every turn, is advisable, carbon ammonium should not be used, in case fertilizer damage.Can be at rainy day piss element after 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, 4～5 kilograms of every mu of each consumptions.After 40 centimetres of heights of seedling, every 15～20 days, can gently spread 1 time urea.The bark of eucommia seedling phase in autumn is suddenly long, and fertilizer is caught up with, and large person can grow 100～110 centimetres high then, can turn out high quality seedling.
2. the implantation methods of the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thimerosal in described step (1) is fenaminosulf thimerosal.
3. the implantation methods of the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3) sowing time be February in spring temperature reach 10 ℃ of sowings when above.
4. the implantation methods of the Eucommiaceae plant bark of eucommia according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4 in described step (4)) time of results bark of eucommia seedling is when high to 105 centimetres for growing up.
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