CN103563617A - Red maple cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
Red maple cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103563617A CN103563617A CN201310475880.3A CN201310475880A CN103563617A CN 103563617 A CN103563617 A CN 103563617A CN 201310475880 A CN201310475880 A CN 201310475880A CN 103563617 A CN103563617 A CN 103563617A
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- cuttage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a red maple cuttage breeding method, comprising the following steps of (1), carrying out sterilization and disinfection on a greenhouse; (2), fully and evenly mixing peat and perlite, using potassium permanganate for sterilization and disinfection, loading into a plug seedling tray, stamping solidly, placing in the greenhouse and watering thoroughly; (3), selecting annual semi-lignified healthy and strong branches without plant diseases and insect pests as scion wood, carrying out subsection during shearing, and reserving shoots and leaves: (4), sterilizing the sheared cutting slips, dipping different rooting agents according to different shearing parts, and carrying out cuttage: (5), carrying out temperature and humidity control and nutrient and water management on cutting seedlings after cuttage. The method is free of the limit of territory and climate conditions, the operation is simple, the breeding is rapid, the rooting percentage reaches over 95%, asexual seedlings can be bred in a large area, bred red maple seedlings can keep the merit of a female parent, and the red maple cuttage breeding method is most suitable for pot culture and small bonsai.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the propagation technique of a Plants, belong to seedling-wood breeding field, specifically a kind of method of red maple cutting propagation.
Background technology
Red maple (Acer palmatum var atropureum) belongs to deciduous tree for Aceraceae maple, good look leaf seeds, in addition, red maple can also absorb pernicious gas, especially the absorption to chlorine and sulphur dioxide, therefore, red maple is not only widely used in afforestation, is also commonly used for punja shelter forest seeds and amenity forest seeds simultaneously.In order to keep the good merit of red maple, conventionally adopt grafting and cottage propagation, propagation by grafiting is due to complicated operation, and sleeper range of choice is little, in actual production, does not use on a large scale; And cottage propagation is because domestic technique is not yet ripe, root survival is low, is difficult to large-scale production, so affected a large amount of production and the development of red maple.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of red maple cuttage breeding method that speed is fast, survival rate is high, the finished product cycle is short of breeding is provided.
The method of a kind of red maple cutting propagation provided by the invention, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is carried out to sterilizing;
(2) matrix that red maple cuttage is selected is that peat is mixed fully and mixed thoroughly by certain volume ratio with perlite, with after potassium permanganate sterilizing, packs cave seedling dish into, and pier is real, puts into greenhouse, and waters permeable;
(3) rooting rate then raw semi-lignified, robust growth, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, during cuttings clip, to divide upper, middle and lower different three sections, the long 7-11 ㎝ of fringe bar, stay 2 bud 2 leaves, the fringe bar on top can stay 4 leaves, in, the fringe bar upper port straight snips of hypomere is apart from joint 1 ㎝, lower port is tiltedly cut, it is smooth smooth that tangent plane keeps;
(4) cuttings after shearing is bundled into a bundle with some, fringe bar base portion 2-3 ㎝ immerses disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate sterilizing 10-15min, in case cuttings rots after entering matrix, the cuttings after sterilization, according to after the quickly dipped different root-growing agent of the rooting characteristics of different parts branch, is carried out cuttage;
(5) insert the 1/3-1/2 that the degree of depth of matrix is cuttings during cuttage, and keep cuttings direction blade consistent, and avoid contacting with matrix, a cuttings is inserted in every cave;
(6) after cuttage, start to carry out full exposure spraying management, will keep warm indoor humidity more than 90% before not forming callus, temperature is controlled at below 38 ℃, and water content of substrate, at 50-75%, according to circumstances suitably shades, and removes in time fallen leaves and dead seedling;
(7) 30-50 days after cuttage, callus forms gradually, now according to circumstances suitably reduces water spray number of times, every 10 days, in stopping at dusk spraying, after blade face moisture dries, sprays foliage fertilizer;
After (8) 80% above cuttage rootings, note chesson, keep ventilation good, and start the hardening of ventilating.
Described greenhouse disinfectant is that concentration is 1 ‰-3 ‰ liquor potassic permanganate.
Described red maple cutting medium is by peat: the volume ratio of perlite=0.8-1.1:0.7-1.3 is mixed, and for the concentration of the liquor potassic permanganate of disinfection, is 2.5-3 ‰.
Described branch clip (except rainy day) before 9:00 or carry out after 16:00 afternoon, is put in the cool after branch clip in the morning, accomplish, with cutting with processing with inserting, will note water spray if can not process in time, keeps moisture stabilization in branch.
Described branch is maternal 3-5 life, and preferably, healthy and strong of raw semi-lignified then, clip cuttings time-division upper, middle and lower segment, stays 2 bud 2 leaves to the peripheral growth of tree crown; And upper, middle and lower segment fringe bar will have certain degree of lignification, remove excessively tender fringe bar or the excessive lignified fringe bar of middle hypomere of children of top, in general, the diameter of hypomere should be 0.4-0.8 ㎝, just meets the nutrient demand of cuttage root-taking, to guarantee that the later stage takes root smoothly.
The kind of described root-growing agent has ABT and GGR two classes, and concentration is definite according to different cultivars, and scope is respectively 400-1200ppm, 850-1500ppm.The concentration of liquor potassic permanganate is 2-3.5 ‰.
After described cuttage, be to carry out full exposure spraying management, the interval time and spraying duration of spraying are set according to the weather condition on the same day, and suitably shade according to actual conditions, warm indoor humidity remains on more than 90%, temperature is controlled at below 38 ℃, and water content of substrate is at 50-75%.
Described foliage fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the 0.1-0.2% urea mixed solution of 0.2-0.35%, or the special-purpose leaf of nursery stock is fertile, for guaranteeing that the cuttage seeding later stage grows vigorously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1 material of the present invention easily obtains, and can keep preferably original merit, and the seedling cycle is short, and the seedling of cutting survival is also applicable to potted plant or little potted landscape.
2 the present invention adopt full exposure spraying management, are subject to extraneous climatic effect little, and rooting percent is high, well developed root system, and survival rate reaches more than 95%.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Red maple kind name " phoenix " cutting propagation: June 25, adopting concentration is that 1 ‰-3 ‰ liquor potassic permanganate carries out sterilizing to greenhouse, by peat and perlite by volume 1:1 ratio be fully uniformly mixed, with the airtight sterilization of 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate one day.June 26 packed matrix on the cave seedling dish in 72 caves, and pier reality is also watered permeable.Then between 6:00-9:00, clip is raw without damage by disease and insect then in the morning, the peripheral growth of tree crown better and the healthy and strong branch of uniformity, water spray moisturizing.During cuttings clip, according to branch different parts, divide upper, middle and lower segment, cuttings length 7-11 ㎝, in, hypomere fringe bar diameter should 0.4-0.8 ㎝, stays 2 bud 2 leaves, upper cut is apart from joint 1 ㎝ straight snips, lower cut is tiltedly cut, and keeps tangent plane smooth smooth.Epimere fringe bar stays 4 leaves, and hardness is moderate.36 cuttings a bundles, fringe bar base portion 2-3 ㎝ immerses 0.3% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate sterilizing 10min, in case cuttings rots after entering matrix, immersion is dried rear standby.The quickly dipped GGR3 root-growing agent of epimere cuttings 10s, stage casing quickly dipped GGR2 root-growing agent 10s, the quickly dipped ABT1 root-growing agent of hypomere 10s.One cave one cuttings during cuttage, cuttings is inserted the 1/3-1/2 that the matrix degree of depth is its length, and direction blade is consistent, and does not contact with matrix.
After cuttage, carry out full exposure spraying management.Water management: the cuttage initial stage forms the phase to callus and will remain that blade face is moistening, and air humidity is more than 90%, and water content of substrate is 60% left and right, spraying duration be set to interval time, the every 10min spray of fine day 15s, overcast and rainy every 15min sprays 10s.When intensity of sunshine and temperature are higher in one day, can suitably increase spraying number of times, to meet the at high temperature demand to moisture of cuttings.Temperature treatment: the suitableeest temperature of taking root of cuttings is generally 20-28 ℃, average thermophilic is 25 ℃, when substrate temperature surpasses 30 ℃ easily rotten, so should control substrate temperature at 20-25 ℃, air themperature is below 38 ℃, by shading or spraying.Remove in time dead seedling and fallen leaves.
Callus forms and according to actual conditions, suitably reduces spraying number of times afterwards, every 10 days, in the dusk, stop spraying, after blade face moisture dries, to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.3% and 0.1% urea mixed solution, every first quarter moon can spray 800 times of carbendazim liquids one time, to prevent the generation of rot.After cuttage 50 days, cuttage seeding is existing more than 80% took root, and root system is covered with cave and coils, the hardening of now ventilating.This red maple " phoenix " cuttage seeding rooting rate reaches 96.78%, comparatively speaking epimere rooting rate in, hypomere is high.
Embodiment 2
Red maple kind name " butterfly " cutting propagation: June 25, employing concentration is that the liquor potassic permanganate of 1-3 ‰ carries out sterilizing to greenhouse, by peat and perlite by volume 1:1 ratio be fully uniformly mixed, with the airtight sterilization of 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate one day.June 26 packed matrix on the cave seedling dish in 72 caves, and pier reality is also watered permeable.Then between 6:00-9:00, take in the morning tree crown peripheral, current growth is preferably without the healthy and strong branch of damage by disease and insect, and the branch of taking must uniformity, and the moisturizing of spraying water.During " butterfly " cuttage seeding clip, only select the top tip, cuttings length 7-9 ㎝, stays 4 leaves, and lower end otch is tiltedly cut, and keeps tangent plane smooth smooth, and fringe bar degree of lignification is moderate.36 cuttings a bundles, fringe bar base portion 2-3 ㎝ immerses 0.3% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate sterilizing 10min, in case cuttings rots after entering matrix.After sterilization, cuttings is dipped in GGR3 root-growing agent 5s.One cave one cuttings during cuttage, cuttings is inserted the 1/3-1/2 that the matrix degree of depth is its length, and direction blade is consistent, and does not contact with matrix.
After cuttage, carry out full exposure spraying management.Water management: the cuttage initial stage forms the phase to callus and will remain that blade face is moistening, and air humidity is more than 90%, and water content of substrate is 65%, spraying duration be set to interval time, the every 10min spray of fine day 15s, overcast and rainy every 15min sprays 10s.When intensity of sunshine and temperature are higher in one day, can suitably increase spraying number of times, to meet the at high temperature demand to moisture of cuttings.Temperature treatment: the suitableeest temperature of taking root of cuttings is generally 20-28 ℃, average thermophilic is 25 ℃, when substrate temperature surpasses 30 ℃ easily rotten, so should control substrate temperature at 20-25 ℃, air themperature is below 38 ℃, by shading and spraying regulates and controls.Remove in time dead seedling and fallen leaves.
After callus forms, now according to circumstances reduce water spray number of times, every 10 days in stopping at dusk spraying, after blade face moisture dries to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.25% and 0.15% urea mixed solution, every first quarter moon can spray 800 times of carbendazim liquids one time, to prevent the generation of rot.After cuttage 45 days, cuttage seeding is existing more than 80% took root, and root system is covered with cave and coils, the hardening of now ventilating.Red maple " butterfly " cuttage seeding rooting rate reaches 92.67%.
Claims (8)
1. a method for red maple cutting propagation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) greenhouse is carried out to sterilizing;
(2) matrix that red maple cuttage is selected is that peat and perlite mix, and fully mixes thoroughly, with after potassium permanganate sterilizing, packs cave seedling dish into, and pier is real, puts in greenhouse, and waters permeable;
(3) rooting rate then raw semi-lignified, robust growth, without the branch of damage by disease and insect, will minute upper, middle and lower when cuttings is cut different three sections, fringe bar stays 2 bud 2 leaves;
(4) cuttings base portion 2-3 ㎝ immerses disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate sterilizing 10-15min, and the cuttings after sterilization is according to carrying out cuttage after the quickly dipped different root-growing agent of the branch rooting characteristics at different positions;
(5) insert the 1/3-1/2 that the degree of depth of matrix is cuttings during cuttage, and keep cuttings direction blade consistent, and do not contact with matrix, a cuttings is inserted in every cave;
(6) after cuttage, start to carry out full exposure spraying management, will keep warm indoor humidity more than 90% before not forming callus, temperature is controlled at below 38 ℃, and water content of substrate, at 50-75%, according to circumstances suitably shades, and removes in time fallen leaves and dead seedling;
(7) 30-50 days after cuttage, callus forms gradually, now according to circumstances reduces water spray number of times, every 10 days, in stopping at dusk spraying, after blade face moisture dries, sprays foliage fertilizer;
After (8) 80% above cuttage rootings, note chesson, keep ventilation good, and start the hardening of ventilating.
2. the method for the red maple cutting propagation described in claims 1, what it is characterized in that the sterilization of step (1) medium temperature chamber adopts is liquor potassic permanganate, concentration is 1-3 ‰
3. the method for the red maple cutting propagation described in claims 1, is characterized in that the red maple cutting medium of step (2) is by peat: the volume ratio of perlite=0.8-1.1:0.7-1.3 is mixed, and for the concentration of the liquor potassic permanganate of sterilizing, is 2.5-3 ‰.
4. the method for the red maple cutting propagation described in claims 1, it is characterized in that in step (3), selected branch is that 3-5 is raw, the cuttings of clip is divided upper, middle and lower segment, the long 7-11 ㎝ of fringe bar, and stay 2 bud 2 leaves, the fringe bar on top can stay 4 leaves, in, the fringe bar upper port straight snips of hypomere is apart from joint 0.5-1.2 ㎝, lower port is tiltedly cut, and it is smooth smooth that tangent plane will keep.
5. the method for the red maple cutting propagation as described in claims 1 and 4, it is characterized in that upper, middle and lower segment fringe bar will have certain degree of lignification, remove excessively tender fringe bar or the excessive serious lignified fringe bar of middle hypomere of children of top, in general, the diameter of hypomere should be 0.4-0.8 ㎝, meets the nutrient demand of cuttage root-taking.
6. the method for the red maple cutting propagation described in claims 1, is characterized in that the concentration of liquor potassic permanganate in step (4) is 2-3.5 ‰.
7. the method for the red maple cutting propagation described in claims 1, is characterized in that the kind of root-growing agent in step (4) has ABT and GGR two classes, and concentration is definite according to different cultivars, and scope is respectively 400-1200ppm, 850-1500ppm.
8. the method for the red maple cutting propagation described in claims 1, is characterized in that in step (7), foliage fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the 0.1-0.2% urea mixed solution of 0.2-0.35%, or the special-purpose leaf of nursery stock is fertile.
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CN104322240A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-04 | 郎溪县凌笪乡永辰茶叶种植家庭农场 | Red maple cuttage seedling breeding method |
CN104488679A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 广德诚源花卉苗木种植家庭农场 | Acerpalmatum thunbf cuttage sapling cultivation method and formula |
CN104585007A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-06 | 青岛华盛绿能农业科技有限公司 | Cuttage seedling culture method of liquidambar styraciflua |
CN104756713A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-08 | 安徽舒城金桥农林科技有限公司 | Method for quickly breeding acer rubrum based on cutting technique |
CN105230433A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-13 | 南京林业大学 | Cutting propagation method for American red maples |
CN105265137A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-01-27 | 山东地佑晟苗木有限公司 | American red maple cutting method |
CN105284316A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏圣宏农业科技有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of American maples |
CN106857151A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-20 | 焦杰彪 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of maple |
CN107047179A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 枞阳县弘阳园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of red maple |
CN107173192A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Promote trident maple spray cuttage rooting and improve the medicament processing method of growth potential |
CN109287302A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-01 | 广州市和泰园林工程有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of autumn maple |
CN110432013A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-11-12 | 江苏新梦想生态环境建设股份有限公司 | A kind of standardization fast replication method of Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' |
CN111990078A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-27 | 海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院) | Water culture cutting seedling raising method for cephalotaxus hainanensis |
CN112930889A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-11 | 诚邦生态环境股份有限公司 | Efficient cutting seedling raising method for acer truncatum |
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CN105284316A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏圣宏农业科技有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of American maples |
CN104322240A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-04 | 郎溪县凌笪乡永辰茶叶种植家庭农场 | Red maple cuttage seedling breeding method |
CN105265137A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-01-27 | 山东地佑晟苗木有限公司 | American red maple cutting method |
CN104488679A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-08 | 广德诚源花卉苗木种植家庭农场 | Acerpalmatum thunbf cuttage sapling cultivation method and formula |
CN104585007A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-06 | 青岛华盛绿能农业科技有限公司 | Cuttage seedling culture method of liquidambar styraciflua |
CN104585007B (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-12-07 | 华盛绿能农业科技有限公司 | The cuttage and seedling culture method of American red-maple |
CN104756713A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-08 | 安徽舒城金桥农林科技有限公司 | Method for quickly breeding acer rubrum based on cutting technique |
CN105230433A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-13 | 南京林业大学 | Cutting propagation method for American red maples |
CN106857151A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-20 | 焦杰彪 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of maple |
CN107047179A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-08-18 | 枞阳县弘阳园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of red maple |
CN107173192A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Promote trident maple spray cuttage rooting and improve the medicament processing method of growth potential |
CN109287302A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-01 | 广州市和泰园林工程有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of autumn maple |
CN110432013A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-11-12 | 江苏新梦想生态环境建设股份有限公司 | A kind of standardization fast replication method of Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' |
CN111990078A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-27 | 海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院) | Water culture cutting seedling raising method for cephalotaxus hainanensis |
CN112930889A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-11 | 诚邦生态环境股份有限公司 | Efficient cutting seedling raising method for acer truncatum |
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