CN101595320B - 具有湿式起动离合器的混合应用的动力总成系统 - Google Patents

具有湿式起动离合器的混合应用的动力总成系统 Download PDF

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CN101595320B
CN101595320B CN2008800033489A CN200880003348A CN101595320B CN 101595320 B CN101595320 B CN 101595320B CN 2008800033489 A CN2008800033489 A CN 2008800033489A CN 200880003348 A CN200880003348 A CN 200880003348A CN 101595320 B CN101595320 B CN 101595320B
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load member
assembly system
power assembly
power
clutch
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CN101595320A (zh
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J·阿诺尔德
O·诺尔
I·阿格纳
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • F16D25/123—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types in view of cooling and lubrication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/006—Assembling or mounting of starting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
    • F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
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Abstract

根据本发明，在具有一个内燃发动机(A)和一个启动机-发电机(C)的机动车动力总成系统中存在一个在油中运行的起动离合器(B)。在此，该启动机-发电机(C)的转子(18)至少间接地支承在离合器盖(17)上并且该离合器盖(17)无相对转动地与该变速器(E)的离合器罩(15)相连接。该离合器盖(17)设置在该转子(18，34)与外部片承载件(3)之间。

Description

具有湿式起动离合器的混合应用的动力总成系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的动力总成系统，该动力总成系统具有一个内燃发动机和一个启动机-发电机，其中，可借助于一个在油中运行的起动离合器在一方面内燃发动机与另一方面启动机-发电机和变速器之间的力流中建立转动连接。
背景技术
由现有技术(FR 2862025)例如公知了一种解决方案，在该解决方案中，借助于一个湿运行的离合器和另一个在此呈牙嵌离合器形式的离合器将一个启动机-发电机(例如电机或马达-发电机，参见下面的定义)设置在机动车的动力总成系统中。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，进一步改善这种离合器系统。改善是在动力总成系统被构造得成本更低廉并且更节省位置的意义上改善。
该任务这样来解决：可在混合的动力总成系统中使用一个湿式起动离合器。内燃发动机通过起动离合器驱动变速器输入轴。在变速器输入轴上存在一个电机或启动机-发电机，该电机或启动机-发电机可用于推进和回收。通过电机和离合器的闭合实现内燃发动机的启动和再启动功能。变速器涉及自动化的变速器或无变矩器的自动变速器。
在本发明的范围内，对于启动机-发电机应理解为马达-发电机，其中，马达不是强制性地作为启动机起作用。换言之：本发明的机动车也可具有附加的启动机、即附加的启动装置。在此选择启动机-发电机的概念，是因为长久以来在专业领域内这样使用该概念。电机的概念也是流行的。
根据本发明，提供了一种机动车中的动力总成系统，该动力总成系统具有一个内燃发动机和一个启动机-发电机，其中，可借助于一个在油中运行的起动离合器在该内燃发动机为一方与该启动机-发电机和变速器为另一方之间的力流中建立转动连接，其中：该启动机-发电机的转子至少间接地支承在离合器盖上并且该离合器盖无相对转动地并且对油密封地与该变速器的离合器罩相连接，该离合器盖设置在该转子与外部片承载件之间。
下面描述的方案解释了起动离合器和减振器系统可如何集成在动力总成系统中。
附图说明
现在要借助于附图对本发明进行详细描述。附图表示：
图1根据本发明的动力总成系统的示意性布置；
图2具有一个在干状态中运行的启动机-发电机的第一实施例；
图3具有一个在干状态中运行的启动机-发电机的第二实施例；
图4具有一个在油状态中运行的启动机-发电机的第一实施例；
图5具有一个在油状态中运行的启动机-发电机的第二实施例；
图6具有一个在油状态中运行的启动机-发电机的第三实施例。
具体实施方式
图1中示出了根据本发明的动力总成系统的示意性结构。内燃发动机A可通过起动离合器B与启动机-发电机C相连接。启动机-发电机C通过变速器输入轴27与变速器相连接。该变速器是一个自动变速器，但该变速器在根据本发明的该动力总成系统中不具有变矩器。为了借助于启动机-发电机C启动内燃发动机A，在自动变速器中不允许挂入行驶速度级。通过这种布置，在用启动机-发电机C工作时用仅一个离合器、确切地说仅用所谓的起动离合器C就足够。
在图2中所示的方案中，驱动轮毂8、由此内部片承载件4通过插接齿部由内燃发动机A驱动。在内燃发动机A与驱动轮毂8之间存在一个构造成双质量飞轮的扭转振动减振器1。外部片承载件3是从动部分。湿式离合器B这样构造，使得车辆不借助于电机就可起动。
启动机-发电机C(＝电机)的转子18通过转子承载件2与外部片承载件3相连接。在转子承载件2与离合器盖17之间存在一个密封元件6(例如径向轴密封环)。该密封元件防止从外部片承载件3排出的离合器冷却油到达干空间中。扭转振动减振器1以及电机的定子16和转子18处于该干空间中。在内部片承载件4与转子承载件2之间存在另一个密封元件6。该密封元件防止处于内部片承载件与外部片承载件之间的泄漏油到达干空间中。密封元件6在此保证两个带转速差旋转的部分之间的密封功能。
离合器盖17与离合器罩15无相对转动地并且对油密封地相连接。
内部片承载件4或驱动轮毂8通过滚针轴承或滑动轴承9支承在变速器输入轴27上。
由外部片承载件3和轮毂板23组成的离合器壳在左侧通过滚动轴承5支承在离合器盖17上。该轴承5可接收径向力以及轴向力。作为替换方案，在此也可使用两个彼此分开的轴承(例如作为一个轴向轴承和一个径向轴承，图2中未示出)。轮毂板23与从动轮毂26焊接，该从动轮毂支承在变速器输入轴27上。由于离合器壳支撑在变速器输入轴27上，可取消附加的滚动支承装置或滑动支承装置。
为了使外部片承载件3和轮毂板23形成支承所需的刚性结构，在轮毂板23上设置有一些加强接片20，这些加强接片与外部片承载件3撑紧。轮毂板23可选择地与外部片承载件3焊接。
离合器盖17与外部片承载件3之间的上述滚动轴承5必须被预夹紧。为此，一个预夹紧弹簧25支撑在一个压力套装在变速器输入轴27上的小齿轮31(参见图3)上并且通过从动轮毂26预夹紧离合器壳和滚动轴承5。
压力套装在变速器输入轴27上的小齿轮31是油泵24的支承装置和驱动装置。
用于离合器B的操作油通过一个集成在离合器罩15或泵盖中的通道22输入。通过从动轮毂26中的回转接头14，油被引入到旋转的离合器单元中。在从动轮毂26内部，油通过一些孔流动到操作活塞13。
参与离合器B的操作的部件以变速器输入转速旋转，因此，在此提到离合器的变速器侧操作装置。附加地，操作力在离合器壳内部被接收。
回转接头附加地承担朝油泵24的密封功能，因此取消在自动变速器中在该部位上常用的径向轴密封环。
冷却油通过变速器输入轴27输入给离合器B。油通过变速器输入轴27中的横向孔和从动轮毂26与变速器输入轴27之间的跨接环12以及从动轮毂26中的横向孔到达离心力补偿单元中。该离心力补偿单元在左侧由角状构件并且在右侧由活塞13限定边界。油通过复位弹簧11中的孔口到达真正的离心力腔10中。角状构件在其径向内部端部上或者在其径向内部左侧壁上具有开口。仅当离心力腔10基本上被填充油时，那里的油才通过在此未示出的开口离开离心力腔10。因为在活塞13右侧也是一个填充有油的空间，所以油朝活塞13的两侧在旋转油质量的离心效应下分别产生一个油压。因为压力加载的面基本上大小相等，所以活塞13通过离心力腔10基本上保持力平衡。
离心力板中的孔口确定离心力腔10中的油的填充液位高度。补充流动的冷却油通过离心力板中的孔口流出并且接着在径向方向上朝内部片承载件4流动，以便冷却离合器。
在冷却油从外部片承载件3排出之后，在离合器盖17中旋转的油由分离单元(
Figure GSB00000526332600041
)19通过离合器B与变速器E之间的分隔壁输送到油底壳中。
离合器单元的装配如下进行：在装配离合器B时，将处于转子承载件2与离合器盖17之间的密封元件6和处于离合器盖17与外部片承载件3之间的滚动轴承5必要时焊接。该单元不再可拆卸。将包括离合器盖17、转子承载件2和转子18在内的完整装配的离合器插接在变速器输入轴27上。接着，将离合器盖17与离合器罩后壁15螺纹连接。然后，安装启动机-发电机C的定子16。将扭转振动减振器1与曲轴7螺纹连接。最后，将离合器B通过驱动轮毂8上的齿部与扭转振动减振器1相连接并且将内燃发动机A与离合器罩15彼此螺纹连接。
在图3中所示的方案中，驱动轮毂8、由此内部片承载件4通过插接齿部由内燃发动机A驱动。在驱动轮毂8与内燃发动机A之间存在一个双质量飞轮1。驱动轮毂8与内部片承载件4焊接或铆接。外部片承载件3是从动部分。湿式离合器B这样构造，使得车辆不借助于电机就可起动。
电机C的转子18通过转子承载件2与外部片承载件3相连接。在转子承载件2与离合器盖17之间存在一个密封元件6(例如径向轴密封环)。该密封元件防止从外部片承载件3排出的离合器冷却油到达干空间中。扭转振动减振器1以及电机C的定子16和转子18处于该干空间中。在驱动轮毂8与转子承载件2之间存在另一个密封元件6(例如径向轴密封环)。该密封元件防止处于内部片承载件4与外部片承载件3之间的泄漏油到达干空间中。密封元件6在此保证两个带转速差旋转的部分之间的密封功能。
驱动轮毂8通过滚动轴承或滑动轴承支承在变速器输入轴27上。
从动轮毂26通过插接齿部与变速器输入轴27相连接。轮毂板23与从动轮毂26焊接并且形状锁合地与外部片承载件3相连接。外部片承载件3和轮毂板23通过保险元件29防止不期望地松开。
由外部片承载件3、轮毂板23和从动轮毂26组成的离合器壳通过离合器盖17与转子承载件2之间的滚动轴承5和座支承在变速器输入轴27上。
在离合器盖17上支承外部片承载件3的滚动轴承5通过预夹紧弹簧25预夹紧，该预夹紧弹簧处于从动轮毂26与位于从动轮毂26后面的保险元件32之间(图3中未示出)。
泵小齿轮31压力套装在变速器输入轴27上并且用作油泵24的支承装置和驱动装置。
操作油和冷却油通过两个集成在变速器输入轴27中的孔(图3中未示出)输入给离合器B。冷却油和操作油通过径向延伸的孔流动到回转接头14并且在那里转给以发动机转速旋转的驱动轮毂8。在驱动轮毂8中，操作油通过径向延伸的孔输入给操作缸。冷却油也通过径向延伸的孔流动到离心力补偿装置和离合器冷却装置。流动到离心力补偿装置的多余的油通过离心力板中的孔流动到离合器冷却装置，离心力板中的这些孔确定填充液位高度。
活塞13与内部片承载件4之间的复位弹簧11在操作压力下降之后打开离合器B并且使活塞13运动到其初始位置中。
离合器B的操作装置以发动机转速旋转，因此提到离合器B的发动机侧操作装置。离合器B的所产生的操作力在驱动轮毂8内部被接收。
因为在该方案中这些回转接头14不集成在从动轮毂26中，所以在离合器罩15或泵壳体与从动轮毂之间需要一个附加的密封元件30，以便防止泵24吸入空气。
离合器单元的装配如下进行：在装配离合器B时，将处于转子承载件2与离合器盖17之间的密封元件6和处于离合器盖17与外部片承载件3之间的滚动轴承5必要时焊接。该单元不再可拆卸。但取代焊接，该连接也可仅仅是插接或敛缝连接。
将完整装配的离合器B和电机C的转子18插接在变速器输入轴27上。接着，将离合器盖17与离合器罩后壁15螺纹连接(螺纹连接在图3中未示出)。然后，安装电机C的定子16。
将扭转振动减振器1与曲轴7螺纹连接。最后，将离合器B通过驱动轮毂8上的齿部与扭转振动减振器1相连接并且将内燃发动机A与离合器罩15彼此螺纹连接。
图2和图3的区别主要在于：在图2中，油输入通过离合器罩15中的通道22以及通过变速器输入轴27中的回转接头进行，而在图3中，油两次都通过回转接头输入。
在图4中所示的方案中，驱动轮毂8、由此内部片承载件4通过插接齿部由内燃发动机A驱动。在内燃发动机A与驱动轮毂8之间存在一个双质量飞轮1。外部片承载件3是从动部分。湿式离合器这样构造，使得车辆不借助于电机就可起动。
与图2和图3的方案不同，启动机-发电机C处于湿空间中。仅仅扭转振动减振器1处于干空间中。为了分开湿空间和干空间，在离合器盖17与驱动轮毂8之间存在一个密封元件6。该解决方案的特征也在于：离合器盖17不再处于转子承载件2与外部片承载件3之间。在图4中，外部片承载件3同时也是转子承载件。
离合器盖17将离合器B和启动机-发电机C与扭转振动减振器1分开。因此，电机的转子18直接固定在外部片承载件上。转子包括一些轴向延伸的油通道，以便可使从离合器排出的冷却油导出。
外部片承载件3通过径向轴承和轴向轴承支撑在离合器盖17上并且与轮毂板23和从动轮毂26一起构成离合器壳。轮毂板23通过齿部形状锁合地与外部片承载件3相连接以便传递力矩并且与从动轮毂26焊接或铆接(铆接在图4中未示出)。从动轮毂26通过插接齿部支撑在变速器输入轴27上。
内部片承载件4或驱动轮毂8通过两个滚动轴承支承在变速器输入轴27上。
支撑离合器壳或外部片承载件3的轴向轴承5通过一个弹簧25预夹紧，该弹簧处于保险环与从动轮毂26之间。
泵小齿轮31压力套装在变速器输入轴27上并且用作油泵24的支承装置和驱动装置。
操作油和冷却油通过两个集成在变速器输入轴27中的孔22、28输入给离合器B。冷却油和操作油通过径向延伸的孔流动到回转接头14并且在那里转给以发动机转速旋转的驱动轮毂。在驱动轮毂8中，操作油通过孔输入给操作缸。冷却油也通过孔流动到离心力补偿装置和离合器冷却装置。流动到离心力补偿装置的多余的油通过离心力板10中的孔流动到离合器冷却装置，这些孔确定填充液位高度。
离合器的操作装置以发动机转速旋转，因此提到离合器的发动机侧操作装置。离合器的所产生的操作力在驱动轮毂8内部被接收。
活塞13与内部片承载件4之间的复位弹簧11在操作压力下降之后打开离合器B并且使活塞13运动到其初始位置中。
因为在该方案中回转接头14不集成在从动轮毂26中，所以在离合器罩15或泵壳体与从动轮毂26之间需要一个附加的密封元件30，以便防止泵吸入空气。
离合器单元的装配如下进行：将包括转子18在内的完整装配的离合器插接在变速器输入轴27上。此后，将离合器盖17与轴向轴承置入到离合器罩15中。接着，将离合器盖17通过保险元件固定在离合器罩15中。在此之后，进行离合器盖17与驱动轮毂8之间的密封元件的装配。然后，安装电机的定子16。
将扭转振动减振器1与曲轴螺纹连接。最后，将离合器B通过驱动轮毂8上的齿部与扭转振动减振器1相连接并且将内燃发动机A与离合器罩15彼此螺纹连接。
在图5中所示的方案中，驱动轮毂8、由此内部片承载件4通过插接齿部由内燃发动机A驱动。在内燃发动机A与驱动轮毂之间存在一个柔性板33。外部片承载件3是从动部分。湿式离合器这样构造，使得车辆不借助于电机就可起动。
外部片承载件3通过振动减振器35与从动轮毂26相连接。
电机C的转子承载件34在发动机侧通过滚动轴承支撑在离合器盖17上。在从动侧，转子承载件34形状锁合地与轮毂板23相连接，该轮毂板与从动轮毂26焊接或铆接(图5中未示出)。
如在图4中那样，电机C处于湿空间中。仅仅柔性板33处于干空间中。为了分开湿空间和干空间，在离合器盖17与驱动轮毂8之间存在一个密封元件6。
外部片承载件3通过振动减振器35与从动轮毂26相连接。从动轮毂26通过插接齿部支撑在变速器输入轴27上。
内部片承载件4或驱动轮毂8通过两个滚动轴承支承在变速器输入轴27上。
泵小齿轮31(在此未示出)压力套装在变速器输入轴27上并且用作油泵24的支承装置和驱动装置。
操作油和冷却油通过两个集成在变速器输入轴中的孔输入给离合器。冷却油和操作油通过径向延伸的孔流动到回转接头并且在那里转给以发动机转速旋转的驱动轮毂。在驱动轮毂中，操作油通过孔输入给操作缸。冷却油也通过孔流动到离心力补偿装置和离合器冷却装置。流动到离心力补偿装置的多余的油通过离心力板中的孔流动到离合器冷却装置，离心力板中的这些孔确定填充液位高度。
离合器的操作装置以发动机转速旋转，因此提到离合器B的发动机侧操作装置。离合器的所产生的操作力在驱动轮毂8内部被接收。
活塞13与离心力板之间的复位弹簧11在操作压力下降之后打开离合器并且使活塞运动到其初始位置中。在复位弹簧中存在一些孔，来自回转接头的油通过这些孔流动到离心力腔中。
因为回转接头14不集成在从动轮毂26中，所以在离合器罩15或泵壳体与从动轮毂26之间需要一个附加的密封元件30，以便防止泵24吸入空气。
离合器单元的装配如下进行：将包括转子承载件和转子在内的完整装配的离合器插接在变速器输入轴上。此后，将离合器盖与轴向轴承置入到离合器罩中。接着，将离合器盖通过保险元件固定在离合器罩中。在此之后，进行离合器盖与驱动轮毂之间的密封元件的装配。然后，安装电机的定子。
柔性板33与曲轴7螺纹连接。最后，将离合器B通过驱动轮毂8上的齿部与柔性板33相连接并且将内燃发动机A与离合器罩15彼此螺纹连接。
与图5中所示的方案不同，图6中所示的方案附加地包括一个汲取管37。转子34与外部片承载件相连接并且与轮毂板23铆接。转子承载件和轮毂板23形成一个槽，从外部片承载件排出的油在该槽中形成以圆周速度旋转的油环。汲取管37与离合器罩15相连接并且利用油的动能来产生油输送流，该油输送流通过输出通道38被输送返回到油底壳中。
外部片承载件、转子承载件和轮毂板构成离合器壳。该离合器壳在变速器侧通过滚针轴承支撑在离合器罩上。在发动机侧，离合器壳通过滚动轴承支撑在离合器盖上。
压力油通过离合器罩15或泵壳体中的管路和回转接头14输入给变速器输入轴27。回转接头14的密封环同时密封泵抽吸空间并且因此防止泵可能吸入空气。同时节省附加的密封元件。
参考标号清单
1    扭转振动减振器，双质量飞轮(ZMS)
2    转子承载件
3    外部片承载件
4    内部片承载件
5    滚动轴承
6    密封元件
7    曲轴
8    驱动轮毂
9    滚动轴承
10   离心力区域
11   复位弹簧
12   跨接环
13   活塞
14 回转接头
15 离合器罩
16 启动机-发电机(电机)的定子
17 离合器盖
18 启动机-发电机(电机)的转子
19 分离单元
20 加强接片
21 止推盘
22 压力油的油输入装置
23 轮毂板
24 油泵
25 预夹紧弹簧
26 从动轮毂
27 变速器输入轴
28 冷却油和离心油的油输入装置
29 保险元件
30 密封元件
31 泵小齿轮
32 保险元件
33 柔性板
34 转子承载件
35 振动减振器
36 滚针轴承
37 汲取管
38 输出通道
A  内燃发动机
B  起动离合器
C  启动机-发电机(电机)
E  无变矩器的自动变速器

Claims (23)

1.机动车中的动力总成系统，该动力总成系统具有一个内燃发动机(A)和一个启动机-发电机(C)，其中，可借助于一个在油中运行的起动离合器(B)在该内燃发动机(A)为一方与该启动机-发电机(C)和变速器为另一方之间的力流中建立转动连接，其特征在于：该启动机-发电机(C)的转子(18，34)至少间接地支承在离合器盖(17)上并且该离合器盖(17)无相对转动地并且对油密封地与该变速器(E)的离合器罩(15)相连接，该离合器盖(17)设置在该转子(18，34)与外部片承载件(3)之间。
2.根据权利要求1的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该转子(18，34)无相对转动地设置在转子承载件(2)上并且该转子承载件(2)支承在该离合器盖(17)上。
3.根据权利要求2的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该起动离合器(B)具有该外部片承载件(3)和一个内部片承载件(4)并且该离合器盖(17)设置在该转子承载件(2)与该外部片承载件(3)之间，由此，该启动机-发电机(C)与该起动离合器(B)的油区域分开，该启动机-发电机(C)由此在干区域中运行。
4.根据权利要求2或3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在该转子承载件(2)与该离合器盖(17)之间设置有一个密封装置(6)。
5.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在该外部片承载件(3)与该离合器盖(17)之间设置有一个密封装置(6)。
6.根据权利要求2或3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在该外部片承载件(3)的延续部分、即驱动轮毂(8)与该转子承载件(2)之间设置有一个密封装置(6)。
7.根据权利要求2或3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该转子承载件(2)和该外部片承载件(3)构造成一体。
8.根据权利要求2或3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该转子承载件(2)和该外部片承载件(3)彼此敛缝连接。
9.根据权利要求2或3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该转子承载件(2)和该外部片承载件(3)彼此焊接。
10.根据权利要求2或3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在该起动离合器(B)与该转子(18，34)之间或者在该转子承载件(2)与该起动离合器(B)之间的力流中设置有至少一个振动减振器(35)。
11.根据权利要求3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该力流在该起动离合器(B)中从内向外进行，即该内部片承载件(4)是该离合器的驱动部分，该外部片承载件(3)是从动部分。
12.根据权利要求3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该内部片承载件(4)支承在变速器输入轴(27)上。
13.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：离合器在变速器侧通过从动轮毂(26)上的插接齿部支承在该变速器输入轴(27)上。
14.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：由该外部片承载件(3)构成的离合器壳通过一些从轮毂板(23)突出的加强接片(20)来加强。
15.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：由该外部片承载件(3)构成的离合器壳通过该轮毂板(23)与该外部片承载件(3)的焊接来加强。
16.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：转子(18，34)与离合器盖(17)之间的轴承借助于预夹紧弹簧(25)预夹紧，其中，该预夹紧弹簧(25)支撑在该变速器输入轴(27)上。
17.根据权利要求12的动力总成系统，其特征在于：设置有一个用于对所述油区域进行供给的油泵(24)，其中，泵驱动借助于压力套装在该变速器输入轴(27)上的泵小齿轮(31)来实现，其中，该变速器轴(27)同时也用作该泵小齿轮(31)的支承装置。
18.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在从该内燃机到该起动离合器(B)的力流中设置有一个扭转振动减振器(1)。
19.根据权利要求18的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该扭转振动减振器(1)构造成双质量飞轮(1)。
20.根据权利要求19的动力总成系统，其特征在于：该扭转振动减振器(1)设置在该离合器罩(15)的干空间中。
21.根据权利要求17的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在所述油区域中设置有一个汲取管(37)，该汲取管将油从所述油区域的径向外部区域引导到该油泵(24)。
22.根据权利要求3的动力总成系统，其特征在于：在所述油区域中设置有一个分离单元(19)。
23.根据权利要求1至3之一的动力总成系统，其特征在于：给活塞(13)配置一个离心力区域，该离心力区域补偿另一个活塞侧的离心油压力。
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DE112008000155B4 (de) 2018-11-15
JP5326128B2 (ja) 2013-10-30
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US8978799B2 (en) 2015-03-17
CN101595320A (zh) 2009-12-02
DE112008000155A5 (de) 2009-10-08
WO2008092426A3 (de) 2008-11-13
JP2010516558A (ja) 2010-05-20
DE102008006062A1 (de) 2009-02-05

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