CN101031444A - 用于汽车混合驱动链的湿润离合器传动元件和装备了这样的元件的汽车 - Google Patents
用于汽车混合驱动链的湿润离合器传动元件和装备了这样的元件的汽车 Download PDFInfo
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
- F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
- F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
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- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
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Abstract
用于平行混合类型的驱动链的传动元件,所述传动元件(25)包括用于连接热发动机的运动输入轴(37),用于连接变速箱的运动输出轴(39),电机(31)包括定子(61)和转子(63),在该输入轴(37)和转子(63)之间连接的第一离合器(33),在该转子(63)和该输出轴(39)之间连接的第二离合器(89B),所述离合器(33,35)是湿润类型的,所述传动元件(25)还包括润滑和/或者冷却流体回路(301),一些控制所述离合器(33,35)的控制装置,其包括控制流体回路(302),该控制回路(302)包括用于每个离合器(33,35)的压力室(201,202),所述控制装置包括恢复所述离合器(33,35)中的至少一个到闭合位置的恢复装置(115,116),在该压力室(201,202)中的控制流体的压力驱动所述离合器(33,35)朝向其打开位置。
Description
本发明涉及一种特别是用于汽车的平行混合类型的驱动链的传动元件,所述传动元件包括:用于与热发动机连接的旋转入口元件;用于与变速箱输入轴连接的运动输出元件;包括定子和转子的电机;在输入轴和转子之间连接的第一离合器;在该转子和输出轴之间连接的第二离合器,所述离合器是湿润类型的,该传动元件还包括润滑和/或者冷却流体回路,一些控制所述离合器的装置,所述控制装置包括控制流体回路,特别是液压控制回路,该控制回路包括用于每个离合器的压力室,例如在压力室中占主要的控制流体压力决定了相应的离合器的状态。
平行混合类型的驱动链是指从至少一个不可逆的发动机(一般来说是热发动机)和至少一个可逆类型的发动机(一般是电机下面用术语电发动机表示,能够理解到该发动机能够按照发动机模式和发电机模式工作)向轮轴提供机械能的驱动链。在这种驱动链中,来自所述两个发动机的能量节点是机械性质的。
法国专利申请FR2814121描述了上述类型的传动元件,其中在没有施加控制压力时,所述离合器被打开,即处于脱开位置或者滑动位置。
已经证明在汽车的工作寿命中,至少一个离合器的关闭笔打开多。因此,该离合器的控制回路,更普遍的两个离合器的控制回路消耗比实施该控制使用的能量高很多的能量以便循环和施压该控制流体。
本发明用于克服上述缺陷,提出一种上述类型的传动元件,其中用于控制离合器所消耗的能量被最小化。
因此,在本发明的传动元件中,所述控制装置包括一些将所述离合器中的至少一个恢复到关闭位置的恢复装置,在该相应的压力室中的控制流体压力驱动所述离合器向其打开位置。
根据所述设置,该控制流体压力源的概念可以修改为使得最小化该工作能量,维护的严格程度和体积。另外,在所述离合器的盘上对控制活塞施加压力的期限因而更小了。
根据本发明的其他特征,技术上它们可以单个考虑或者考虑任何组合:
-所述控制装置包括一些使所述两个离合器恢复到关闭位置的恢复元件;
-该控制流体与润滑和/或者冷却流体相同;
-该控制回路与该润滑和/或者冷却回路部分共有;
-该控制回路包括压力源,对于每个离合器来说,一个电子阀将相应的压力室连接到所述压力源上,所述电子阀能够选择性地占据多个位置:静止位置,其中该压力室连接到排放回路;和致动位置,其中压力控制流体可以从该压力源向该压力室循环;
-该压力源包括压力生成器,压力蓄能器,控制流体发射导管,其一方面连接所述压力生成器另一方面连接所述压力蓄能器,和设置在该压力蓄能器和发射导管之间的电子阀,所述电子阀能够用于选择性地打开或者关闭该蓄能器和发射导管之间的连接,从而该蓄能器按照下述选择性地工作:
.接收模式,其中该蓄能器被压力生成器蓄能;
.发射模式,其中在该发射导管中该蓄能器输出控制流体;
.中间模式,其中该蓄能器与该发射导管隔离;
-该生成器包括高压泵,控制流体容器,防返回阀,所述泵在上游与该容器相连在下游通过该防返回阀与该发射导管相连;
-该传动元件包括适用于测量在该发射导管中处于主要地位的压力的发射压力传感器,和该泵包括发动机和所述发动机的控制单元,该控制单元连接所述发射压力传感器,并根据被所述传感器测量的压力值控制该发动机;
-该控制回路包括与该发射导管相连并且适用于在该发射导管中的压力大于预定阀值时连通所述发射导管和排放回路的安全阀;
-每个压力室与适用于测量在相应室中处于主要地位的压力的室的压力传感器,所述传动元件包括与所述室的压力传感器相连的控制单元,该控制单元用于根据比所述室的压力传感器测量的压力值控制所述电子阀;
-该润滑和/或者冷却回路包括低压泵和润滑和/或者冷却流体容器,其在上游与该低压泵相连接。
本发明还针对于一种汽车,其包括平行混合类型的驱动链,所述驱动链包括热发动机,变速箱和传动元件,例如上面所述的,其连接热发动机和变速箱。
本发明的特别是实施例下面将参照附图更详细的描述,附图包括:
-图1是本发明的传动元件的半剖视图;
-图2是图1的详细视图,具有更大的比例,表示了大致含有离合器输入和输出元件的传动元件的模块;以及
-图3是图1和图2的传动元件的冷却和润滑液压回路,控制液压回路的视图。
在图1和2中,示出了本发明的传动元件25,用于将热发动机连接到变速箱。本发明的元件包括电机31,也称为电机;第一离合器33和第二离合器35。
该传动元件25还包括运动输入轴37和与轴X同轴的运动输出轴39。该轴X从入口向出口取向以便方便下面的描述。
术语“上游”,“下游”是指参照上述的取向。
该输入轴37与该热发动机的曲轴一起旋转,其一部分或者鼻部示出在图1中用附图标记41表示。
在所示出的实施例中,该曲轴41设有惰性飞轮43并且通过缓冲装置45连接到输入轴37。
该输出轴39旋转连接到该变速箱的输入主轴,其一部分示出在图1中用附图标记47表示。
该传动元件25包括大致游第一半壳51和第二半壳52构成的壳体,通过分布在该壳体的外周上的用虚线54表示在图1中的固定装置组装所述半壳。所述半壳51,52在内部限定空腔53,在该空腔内部同轴设置了电机31,所述离合器33,35和输入轴37和输出轴39。
该输入轴37和输出轴39相对壳体51,52旋转安装。
该输入轴37是与缓冲装置45的凹陷轴55互补的凹槽轴,该输入轴的端部的一部分从该第一半壳51中轴向突出。该输入轴37在该第一半壳51上通过滚动轴承57旋转安装。
该输出轴39是内部带凹槽的凹陷轴,其形状与该变速箱的输入轴47的端部互补。为了连接该输出轴39,该变速箱的输入轴47的端部在该空腔53的内部突出。
该电机31包括:定子61,其设有收集器,与该壳体51的第一半壳连成一体;和在该第一半壳51上通过辊子65旋转安装的转子63,该转子63在该定子61的内部惊醒设置。
所述第一和第二离合器33,35是湿润类型的,该传动元件25设有润滑和冷却以及控制流体的分配轴向管71。该管71在该壳体52的第二半壳的空腔53的内部突出。
该传动元件25包括在该管71上旋转通过两个辊子75,76在外部径向地安装的传动中间元件73。
该中间元件73大致与轴套和4个彼此轴向偏置的径向壁一起形成,所述径向壁中的壁81,82,84与该轴套80通过焊接连成一体,壁83通过套箍与该轴套连成一体。
该中间元件73通过相互啮合的互补轴向齿87与转子63旋转连接,所述轴向齿87分别形成在该转子63的外周部分上和该第一径向壁81的外周部分上。
该第二径向壁82与一个外周齿轮连成一体,该外周齿轮由第一半齿轮91和第二半齿轮92一体构成,所述第一半齿轮91沿下游轴向方向延伸,所述第二半齿轮沿上游轴向方向延伸。
相应地,该输入轴37最好一件式地与径向壁95一起形成,该径向壁95在该空腔53内部延伸并且在外周具有轴向齿轮97。该轴向齿轮97同轴并且径向地相对该下游半齿轮91在外部延伸。该第一离合器33设置在所述半齿轮91和所述齿轮97之间。
同样,该输出轴39最好一件式地与径向壁105一起形成,该径向壁105在该空腔53的内部延伸并且在其外周上具有轴向齿轮107。该轴向齿轮107同轴并且径向地相对该中间元件的上游半齿轮92在内部延伸。
该传动元件25还包括该第一离合器33的第一活塞111和该第二离合器35的第二致动活塞112,以及分别驱动第一活塞111和第二活塞111压在相应的离合器33,35上的第一弹簧元件115和第二弹簧元件116。
在该活塞112和弹簧元件116之间插入了轴向支撑的撑杆,所述撑杆具有一些大致轴向分布在一个齿轮的外周上的指状物117。所述指状物117穿过所述壁82。
该第一离合器33大致包括第一系列的盘121和第二系列的盘122,所述第一系列第盘121通过凹槽与该第一半齿轮91旋转连接,并且可以通过活塞111的作用在该第一半齿轮91上沿该凹槽轴向移动,该第二系列的盘122通过凹槽与该轴向齿轮97旋转连接,并且在该活塞11的作用下沿所述凹槽在该轴向齿轮97上轴向移动。所述第一盘121和第二盘122彼此交替重叠。
该盘121,122通过与该活塞11相对的挡块123轴向停止。
可以理解到该盘121,122可以从一个脱开的位置移到一个该第一和第二盘121和122的接合位置,在该脱开位置中,该第一盘121并不与该第二盘122接触,在该接合位置中所述第一盘121和第二盘122彼此紧靠地夹紧。
在脱开位置中,该输入轴37和中间元件73彼此自由旋转。
在所示实施例中由例如Belleville垫片类型的弹簧垫片构成的该第一弹簧元件115固定在该第一径向壁81上并且推动活塞111在所述接合位置中。
该第二离合器35的构成和功能类似于第一离合器:包括第一系列盘131和插入的第二系列盘132,该第一系列盘131与该第二半齿轮92相连,该第二系列盘132与该轴向齿轮107相连。该盘131,132的轴向移动受挡块133限制。
在所示实施例中,该弹簧元件116是双弹簧垫片,为Belleville类型,固定在该第二壁82上。该弹簧元件116推动该活塞112向通过指状物117该第二离合器35接合的位置。
正如图1所示,该两个离合器33,35轴向和径向沿分级的布置叉开,即该第一离合器33在外部相对该第二离合器35径向设置。该第二离合器35设置在该转子63的内部。
该传动元件25还设有滚针挡块,其中第一滚针挡块141轴向插入到该输入轴37的辊子65和径向壁95之间,该第二滚针挡块142轴向插入到该输出轴39的径向壁95和径向壁105之间,第三滚针挡块143插入到该中间元件73的径向壁105和径向壁84之间;第二滚针挡块144插入到该轴套80和管71的肩部之间。
该流体分配管71适于在该传动元件25的内部即该空腔53的内部分配润滑和冷却流体。该空腔53密封所述流体,特别是在该壳体的两个半壳51,52的连接位置通过外周密封环150封闭。
在该轴X附近,该传动元件25对润滑和冷却流体的密封一方面通过支撑在该第一半壳51和该凹陷轴的外表面上的第一刃口密封垫181和支撑在该管71的内表面上和该变速箱的输入主轴47的外表面上的第二刃口密封垫182另一方面通过在该输入轴37和凹陷轴55之间设置的环形密封垫183实现。
该管71具有设置在其壁中的第一供应流体的径向通道151,连接所述供应通道151的第一分配轴向通道153,设置在该分配通道153和该管71外部之间的孔155,以及设置在该分配通道153和该管内部之间的孔157。
该中间元件73的轴套80设有通道该孔155上的通道161,该通道161因此与该分配通道153和空腔53连通。
工作时,该供应通道151与将在后面描述的冷却和润滑流体供应回路相连。该流体经由该分配通道153,该孔155和该通道161扩散到该空腔53内部,以便润滑和冷却该第一离合器33,第二离合器35和该电机31。
注意到该润滑和冷却流体特别是因为设置在该齿87处的通路163径向向该定子扩散。该通路173的尺寸允许控制在该转子63内部空腔53和设有定子61的外部部分之间组织的流体的流量。
还将注意到该离合器33,35的布置和该电机的布置因为冷却和润滑流体的离心允许根据该传动元件25保持该第一离合器33在润滑冷却流体浴中,而该第二离合器35的区域是雾化该流体的中心。该布置的优点在调整存在于每个离合器的区域中的该流体的量,特别是调整由该离合器生成的热能。
保持该离合器33的该流体浴,一般是油浴,因为通路64达到该径向壁81的位置。
因为该第一离合器33受到比该第二离合器35更大的加热,事实上在该第一离合器附近必须安排更大的冷却流体的流量。
与该离合器35相比对该离合器33更大的加热在滑动阶段是合适的,所述加热对于该第一离合器来说比该第二离合器更加强制。此外保持该离合器35值流体雾中而不是浴中允许降低该流体在该变速箱的主轴上阻力。
另外,该冷却和润滑流体连续通过分配通道153,孔157,形成在该变速箱的输入主轴47中的径向通路171,设在该轴中的轴向通道172,允许调节该流体流量的调整装置,形成在输入轴37中的轴向通道177,最后是通向该轴承57附近的径向通路179分配向该轴承57和辊子65以便冷却和润滑它们。
沿该路径分配的流体在该空腔53中通过该轴承57朝向该辊子65和转子63然后朝向定子61流动。该定子61和转子63因此不仅通过已经被该孔155和通路163,164传递的流体还通过已经被孔157和上述的路径传递的流体被冷却和润滑。该流体还允许润滑所述挡块141,142,143。
下面将描述允许移动所述压力活塞或者板以及使所述离合器33,35从接合和脱开的位置中的一个位置移向另一个位置的布置。
该第一活塞111通过该第三径向壁83和该轴套80的外部表面限定了第一压力腔室201,而该第二活塞112通过该第四径向壁84和该轴套80的外部表面限定了第二压力室202。
该第一压力室201通过固定于该径向壁83的外周上并且支撑在该活塞11的表面上的刃口密封垫205和通过固定于该活塞的径向内部边缘上的并且支撑在该轴套80的外表面上的刃口密封垫206大致上对控制流体密封。
类似地,该压力室202通过支撑在该径向壁84和活塞112上的第一密封垫215和通过支撑在该活塞112和插入到该轴套80中的零件217的外表面上的第二刃口密封垫216大致被密封。
每个压力室201,202经由形成在该轴套80中的供应控制流体的两个通道221,222通向该轴套80的中央孔。
该流体分配管71本身设有两个通道,所述两个通道经由类似于通道151的径向供应通道(未示出)和类似于通道153的轴向分配通道(未示出)连接控制流体供应回路。所述通道231,232分别与所述通路221,222连通。
在所示实施例中,该控制流体与润滑/冷却流体相同,所述控制和润滑/冷却回路部分共用。
理解到从该离合器33,35的初始位置开始转向该脱开位置是通过向压力室201,202供应压力控制流体实现的。相应的活塞111,112然后沿轴X的取向(向图2左侧)向下游方向轴向移动,从而挤压该弹簧元件115,116并且释放所述盘121,122,131,132的堆叠。
当将在压力室201,202中的控制流体压力带回到初始低值时,在该弹簧115,116的作用下,该活塞111,112恢复到其初始位置。该离合器33,35然后在没有供应给该压力室201,202控制流体时恢复到自然关闭的位置,即接合位置。
可以理解所述两个离合器33,35可以被独立地致动,并且前面关于离合器功能的表述彼此互相独立适用。
另外可以被输送到压力室201,202中的控制流体的压力可以在一个数值范围内变换,例如相应的离合器33,35可以被带到零传动状态(脱开),全传动状态(接合)和部分传动状态(滑动)中的一个。
应该注意的是该第二径向壁82和活塞112在它们之间限定了一个补偿室235,其相对该活塞112位于该第二压力室202的相对侧。该补偿室235经由通道161和设置在该径向壁82中的孔237被供应润滑和冷却流体。因此在高的范围内,在该活塞112上由容纳在该第二压力室202中的控制流体的离心作用产生的所述附加应力被补偿,该活塞通过允许在盘131,132之间传递力矩而工作,为了该力矩,所述活塞112已经被加工。还可以注意到该活塞111,该离合器33和该弹簧115的尺寸允许释放补偿室以便控制所述离合器33。
参照图3,下面描述离合器33,35的控制液压回路,该传动元件25的冷却和润滑液压回路。
该冷却和润滑液压回路301包括:冷却和润滑流体例如油的容器303,设置在所述容器出口的过滤元件(或者金属滤网)305。设有发动机308和控制所述发动机的单元309的低压泵307,和通过供应通道151和流体分配管71连接该泵307和该传动元件25的空腔53的润滑导管310。
该控制回路302包括压力源320,其装备了构成向所述离合器33,35的压力室201,202发射控制流体的导管的输出导管321。
该压力源320包括压力生成器325,压力蓄能器327,连接压力蓄能器327和发射导管321的电子阀328,和发射压力传感器,其测量在该发射导管321占主要地位的控制流体的压力。
每个压力室201,202在内部设有测量在该室的每个瞬时占主要地位的压力的传感器231,232。此外,在该室201,202中的信息能够被设置在该通道221,222中的传感器获得。
在所示的实施例中,该控制流体与润滑和冷却流体相同,该控制回路与该润滑和冷却回路部分共用。
因此,该压力生成器325包括:由该容器303构成的控制流体的容器,设置在该容器出口并且由过滤器305构成的过滤元件(进入滤网),设有发动机338和控制所述发动机的控制单元339的高压泵。
在所示实施例中,该高压泵的发动机的控制单元339和该低压泵的发动机的控制单元物理连接成同一个控制中央元件。
该控制单元309,339与监督单元340相连,其管理该驱动链的工作。该监督单元340接收该汽车的元件的状态和工作信息,并且在其周期中向该控制单元309,339发射相应的信息信号。
该压力生成器325还包括防返回阀341,通过该防返回阀341该高压泵337与发射导管321相连以便该控制流体仅仅能够从该泵337向该发射导管321循环。
该电子阀328能够占据两个位置:在第一位置中,即对应于该蓄能器327的中性工作位置的静止位置中,该蓄能器327与该发射导管321(在图3所示的位置)隔离,和在第二位置中,即工作位置中,该蓄能器327与该发射导管321连通,该控制流体能够沿一个方向或者另一个方向流动。该蓄能器然后按照接收模式或者发射流体模式工作。
该发射导管321通过具有两个极端位置的比例电子阀351,352分别与控制流体的通道221,222相连,所述通道通向相应的压力室201,202。
该控制回路302的电子阀351,352中的每一个可以选择性地占据静止位置(图3所示),工作的极端位置和中间的工作位置之间的一个位置。
在该静止位置中,该压力室201,202与该排放回路355,356连通,所述排放回路例如通向该容器303并且与该发射导管321隔离。
在工作位置中,该压力室201,202与该发射导管321连通以便能够被供应控制流体,而该排放回路355,356在电子阀351,352处被填充。
该控制回路302还包括另一个排放回路357,其通过安全阀359与发射导管321相连,该安全阀359设置为打开和使该发射导管321与该排放回路357连通,此时在该发射导管中的压力大于预定阀值。该排放回路357可以与该控制流体303连接,以便在该发射导管321中回收多余的流体。
该控制单元309根据来自监督单元340的一些信息信号或者润滑和/或者冷却指令信号操纵该发动机308。
该控制单元339还与该传感器231,232,329相连,该控制单元从该传感器接收压力信息。
在其他实施例中,一个或者多个压力传感器231,232,329没有被用于形成控制因此可以被舍去。
该控制单元339特别是根据来自监督单元340的某些信息信号和该传感器329的压力信息控制该发动机338。
实践中,该控制单元339不仅控制该发动机338,还控制该电子阀328,或者该电子阀351,352,从而根据该传感器231,232的压力信息和该监督单元340的信息信号被同步。
例如,该控制单元339可以操纵该发动机以便输送在该发射导管321中的控制流体,以便在补充该压力蓄能器327,此时电子阀328处于其第二位置中。
下面将描述该控制回路302的工作。
假定该离合器33,35在初始状态下处于其集合位置中(或者闭合位置中),在该压力室201,202中占主要地位的压力为低值P0。
该压力蓄能器327在每个瞬时必须被补充以便能够在该压力室201,202中以非常小的相应时间输出所述高压力P1的流体压力,其足够移动所述活塞111,112直到将该离合器33,35带到其脱开结构中(或者打开结构中)。如果不是如此,则该控制单元339致动该泵的发动机338,该电子阀328移动到其工作位置中以便该压力蓄能器被再补充。
当一个离合器33,35必须被带到滑动位置中或者完全脱开的位置中时,该相应的电子阀351,352在被调整的工作位置中移动。同时该电子阀328也在该工作位置中移动。因为该防返回阀341阻止了容纳在该发射导管中的流体向该生成器325返回,因此来自该蓄能器327的流体被引入到该压力室201,202中,其中该压力类似于瞬时地达到指令值。该指令值与该比例阀351或者352的位置相连。
特别地,两个室的任何一个中的压力可以类似瞬时地达到高值P1,其构成了脱开控制。
当然所述两个离合器33,35可以被独立地致动。
还理解到如果所述两个离合器33,35必须同时被带到脱开位置,所述两个电子阀351,352如上所述被控制。
示范性地,本发明可以通过下述特征实施:该电机31具有16kW的机械能量,所述两个离合器33,35设置为能够分别输送270N.m的力矩,该低压泵307向流体提供了最大2巴的压力,最大流量为6L/min,该高压泵337向流体提供55巴的最大压力,最大流量为0.9L/min,该蓄能器327具有84cm的体积,该电子阀351,352具有的工作范围为0-15巴,该安全阀标准为60巴,该公共容器303的容量选择大约等于2升。
在其他实施例中,可以构思该控制回路302和该润滑和冷却回路301使用不同的流体。所述两个回路的容器303然后包括不同的容器,所述两个回路然后大致不同。
Claims (12)
1.用于平行混合类型的驱动链的传动元件,所述传动元件(25)包括用于连接热发动机的运动输入轴(37),用于连接变速箱的运动输出轴(39),电机(31)包括定子(61)和转子(63),在该输入轴(37)和转子(63)之间连接的第一离合器(33),在该转子(63)和该输出轴(39)之间连接的第二离合器(89B),所述离合器(33,35)是湿润类型的,所述传动元件(25)还包括润滑和/或者冷却流体回路(301),一些控制所述离合器(33,35)的控制装置,其包括控制流体回路(302),特别是液压控制回路,该控制回路(302)包括用于每个离合器(33,35)的压力室(201,202),例如控制在一个压力室(201,202)中占主要地位的控制流体的压力确定了相应的离合器(33,35)的状态,其特征在于,所述控制装置包括恢复所述离合器(33,35)中的至少一个到闭合位置的恢复装置(115,116),在该压力室(201,202)中的控制流体的压力驱动所述离合器(33,35)朝向其打开位置。
2.根据权利要求1的传动元件,其特征在于,该控制装置包括一些恢复所述两个离合器(33,35)到闭合位置中的恢复装置(115,116)。
3.根据权利要求1或者2所述的传动元件,其特征在于,该控制流体与润滑和/或者冷却流体相同。
4.根据权利要求3中所述的传动元件,其特征在于,该控制回路(302)与该润滑和/或者冷却回路(301)部分共用。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的传动元件,其特征在于,该控制回路(302)包括压力源(320),对于每个离合器(33,35)来说,连接该压力室(201,202)和所述压力源的电子阀(351,352),所述电子阀(351,352)能够选择性占据多个位置:静止位置,其中该压力室连接排放回路(355,356);工作位置,其中压力控制流体可以从该压力源(320)向该压力室(201,202)循环。
6.根据权利要求5所述的传动元件,其特征在于,该压力源(320)包括:压力生成器(325);压力蓄能器(327);控制流体发射导管(321),其一方面连接该压力生成器(325)另一方面连接压力蓄能器(327);和设置在该压力蓄能器(327)和该发射导管(321)之间的电子阀(328),所述电子阀(328)适用于选择地打开或者关闭该蓄能器(327)和该发射导管(321)之间的连接,从而该蓄能器(327)按照下述选择工作:被压力生成器(325)补充的接收模式;在该发射导管(321)中发出控制流体的发射模式;和与该发射导管(321)隔离的中性模式。
7.根据权利要求6所述的传动元件,其特征在于:该生成器(325)包括高压泵(337),控制流体容器(303),防返回阀(341),所述泵(337)在上游与该容器(303)连接,在下游与该发射导管(321)通过防返回阀(341)连接。
8.根据权利要求7所述的传动元件,其特征在于,包括用于测量在该发射导管中占主要地位的压力的发射压力传感器(329),该泵(337)包括发动机(338)和控制所述发动机的单元(339),该控制单元与所述发射压力传感器(329)相连并且根据被所述传感器测量的压力值控制该发动机(338)。
9.根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的传动元件,其特征在于,该控制回路(302)包括安全阀(359),该安全阀(359)连接发射导管(321)并且适用于如果在该发射导管(321)中的压力大于预定阀值则使所述发射导管(321)与排放回路(357)连通。
10.根据权利要求5-9中任一项所述的传动元件,其特征在于,每个压力室(201,202与室的压力传感器(231,232)相连,所述传感器适用于测量在该室中占主要地位的压力,所述传动元件包括控制单元(339),该控制单元与所述室的压力传感器(231,2320相连并且适用于根据被室的压力传感器(231,232)测量的压力值控制该电子阀(328,351,352)。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的传动元件,其特征在于,该润滑和/或者冷却回路(301)包括低压泵(307)和润滑和/或者冷却了流体容器(303),其连接到该泵(307)的上游。
12.一种汽车,包括平行混合类型的驱动链,所述驱动链包括热发动机,变速箱和将该热发动机连接到变速箱的根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的传动元件(25)。
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- 2004-06-03 FR FR0406024A patent/FR2871205B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-01 JP JP2007514055A patent/JP2008501900A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-06-01 AT AT05776376T patent/ATE466747T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-01 DE DE602005021097T patent/DE602005021097D1/de active Active
- 2005-06-01 EP EP05776376A patent/EP1750967B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-06-01 BR BRPI0511214-1A patent/BRPI0511214A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-01 WO PCT/FR2005/050400 patent/WO2005123435A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-01 CN CNA2005800177871A patent/CN101031444A/zh active Pending
- 2005-06-01 US US11/570,020 patent/US20070175726A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN102162522B (zh) * | 2010-02-17 | 2014-09-03 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 高效率液压变速器控制系统 |
CN102162522A (zh) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-08-24 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 高效率液压变速器控制系统 |
CN102918290A (zh) * | 2010-05-19 | 2013-02-06 | 奥迪股份公司 | 在用于机动车的双离合变速箱上的驱动装置 |
CN102918290B (zh) * | 2010-05-19 | 2015-12-16 | 奥迪股份公司 | 在用于机动车的双离合变速箱上的驱动装置 |
US9249840B2 (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2016-02-02 | Audi Ag | Drive assembly on a twin-clutch transmission for motor vehicles |
CN103166360B (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2018-07-06 | 福特全球技术公司 | 用于混合动力电动变速器的电动机支架 |
CN103166360A (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-19 | 福特全球技术公司 | 用于混合动力电动变速器的电动机支架 |
CN103161908B (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-11-23 | 福特全球技术公司 | 用于混合动力电动变速器的液压回路 |
CN105431318A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-03-23 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 混合动力系统 |
CN105431318B (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2018-01-09 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 混合动力系统 |
CN107795607A (zh) * | 2016-09-01 | 2018-03-13 | 福特环球技术公司 | 用于车辆传动装置控制的多路复用压力传感器 |
CN108631471A (zh) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-09 | 博格华纳公司 | 具有组合式转子载架以及离合器壳体的紧凑电机 |
CN112469585A (zh) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-03-09 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | 包含由转子支架所构成操作缸的混合动力模块 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070175726A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
FR2871205A1 (fr) | 2005-12-09 |
ATE466747T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
FR2871205B1 (fr) | 2007-10-05 |
EP1750967A1 (fr) | 2007-02-14 |
BRPI0511214A (pt) | 2007-11-27 |
WO2005123435A1 (fr) | 2005-12-29 |
JP2008501900A (ja) | 2008-01-24 |
EP1750967B1 (fr) | 2010-05-05 |
DE602005021097D1 (de) | 2010-06-17 |
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