ZA200210100B - Methods for treating hepatitis delta virus infection with beta-L-2' deoxy-nucleosides. - Google Patents

Info

Publication number

ZA200210100B

ZA200210100B ZA200210100A ZA200210100A ZA200210100B ZA 200210100 B ZA200210100 B ZA 200210100B ZA 200210100 A ZA200210100 A ZA 200210100A ZA 200210100 A ZA200210100 A ZA 200210100A ZA 200210100 B ZA200210100 B ZA 200210100B

Authority

ZA

South Africa

Prior art keywords

hepatitis

pharmaceutically acceptable

substance

composition

acceptable salt

Prior art date

2000-05-26

Links

• Espacenet
• Global Dossier
• Discuss

• 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
• 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
• 241000724709 Hepatitis delta virus Species 0.000 title description 14
• 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 title description 11
• 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
• 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 160
• 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
• 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 73
• 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
• 208000005331 Hepatitis D Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 55
• 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 128
• 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 121
• 208000029570 hepatitis D virus infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 89
• 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 82
• UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
• 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 70
• 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 69
• 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 69
• 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 68
• 208000002672 hepatitis B Diseases 0.000 claims description 62
• 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 59
• XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 59
• 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 59
• 150000004712 monophosphates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
• 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 54
• 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
• 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 46
• -1 dipivoxil) Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 45
• 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
• 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
• 102000014150 Interferons Human genes 0.000 claims description 32
• 108010050904 Interferons Proteins 0.000 claims description 32
• 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
• 229940079322 interferon Drugs 0.000 claims description 32
• 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
• 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
• 125000005140 aralkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
• 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
• 229960005311 telbivudine Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
• 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 23
• WOZSCQDILHKSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N adefovir depivoxil Chemical compound N1=CN=C2N(CCOCP(=O)(OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)OCOC(=O)C(C)(C)C)C=NC2=C1N WOZSCQDILHKSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
• KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Purine Natural products N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
• KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-valine Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
• KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Valine Natural products CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
• 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 claims description 15
• IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-L-thymidine Natural products O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1OC(CO)C(O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
• 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 claims description 13
• 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 13
• 229940104230 thymidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
• IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N Thymidine Natural products O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
• DWRXFEITVBNRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beta-D-1-Arabinofuranosylthymine Natural products O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 DWRXFEITVBNRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
• CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
• IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N Ribavirin Chemical compound N1=C(C(=O)N)N=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
• QDGZDCVAUDNJFG-FXQIFTODSA-N entecavir (anhydrous) Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)C1=C QDGZDCVAUDNJFG-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
• 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
• 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
• 229960000329 ribavirin Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
• HZCAHMRRMINHDJ-DBRKOABJSA-N ribavirin Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1N=CN=C1 HZCAHMRRMINHDJ-DBRKOABJSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
• 229960004396 famciclovir Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
• GGXKWVWZWMLJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N famcyclovir Chemical compound N1=C(N)N=C2N(CCC(COC(=O)C)COC(C)=O)C=NC2=C1 GGXKWVWZWMLJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
• GWFOVSGRNGAGDL-FSDSQADBSA-N 2-amino-9-[(1r,2r,3s)-2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]-3h-purin-6-one Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1C[C@H](CO)[C@H]1CO GWFOVSGRNGAGDL-FSDSQADBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
• JNTOCHDNEULJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Penciclovir Chemical compound N1C(N)=NC(=O)C2=C1N(CCC(CO)CO)C=N2 JNTOCHDNEULJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
• RLAHNGKRJJEIJL-RFZPGFLSSA-N [(2r,4r)-4-(2,6-diaminopurin-9-yl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methanol Chemical compound C12=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2N=CN1[C@H]1CO[C@@H](CO)O1 RLAHNGKRJJEIJL-RFZPGFLSSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
• 229960001997 adefovir Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
• IRSCQMHQWWYFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ganciclovir Chemical compound O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2COC(CO)CO IRSCQMHQWWYFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
• 229960002963 ganciclovir Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
• 229950005339 lobucavir Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
• 229960001179 penciclovir Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
• IGFXRKMLLMBKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N purine Chemical compound N1=C[N]C2=NC=NC2=C1 IGFXRKMLLMBKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
• 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 7
• 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
• 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
• 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
• 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
• 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
• 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 13
• CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Deoxycytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1OC(CO)C(O)C1 CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
• VGONTNSXDCQUGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyinosine Natural products C1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(NC=NC2=O)=C2N=C1 VGONTNSXDCQUGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
• YKBGVTZYEHREMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2'-deoxyguanosine Natural products C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 YKBGVTZYEHREMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
• MXHRCPNRJAMMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyuridine Natural products C1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 MXHRCPNRJAMMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
• WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
• QDGZDCVAUDNJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-9-[4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl]-3h-purin-6-one Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(=O)NC(N)=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)C1=C QDGZDCVAUDNJFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
• SUPKOOSCJHTBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N adefovir Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2CCOCP(O)(O)=O SUPKOOSCJHTBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
• 229960000980 entecavir Drugs 0.000 claims 2
• 229940045145 uridine Drugs 0.000 claims 2
• IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-GJMOJQLCSA-N 1-[(2r,4r,5s)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-GJMOJQLCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
• UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
• OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 96
• YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 81
• LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
• 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 57
• XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
• IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
• 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 42
• 241000700721 Hepatitis B virus Species 0.000 description 39
• XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
• 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 33
• 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 32
• 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
• 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 31
• RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
• JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
• YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
• 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 22
• WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
• QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
• 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 21
• OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 20
• 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
• 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 18
• 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 18
• 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 18
• 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
• 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 16
• CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
• 208000037262 Hepatitis delta Diseases 0.000 description 15
• 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 15
• 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
• IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-CSMHCCOUSA-N telbivudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@H]1O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C1 IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-CSMHCCOUSA-N 0.000 description 15
• 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 14
• 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 14
• 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 14
• JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-NKWVEPMBSA-N lamivudine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1O[C@@H](CO)SC1 JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-NKWVEPMBSA-N 0.000 description 14
• 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 14
• 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 13
• 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 13
• 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 13
• 229960001627 lamivudine Drugs 0.000 description 13
• 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 description 12
• 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 12
• ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
• UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
• CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-CHKWXVPMSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2s,4r,5s)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C1 CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-CHKWXVPMSA-N 0.000 description 11
• GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
• 241000283923 Marmota monax Species 0.000 description 11
• 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 description 11
• 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 11
• 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 11
• 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 11
• 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 11
• 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
• 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 11
• 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
• 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
• 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
• 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 11
• DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-PSQAKQOGSA-N 1-[(2s,3s,4r,5s)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 description 10
• XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
• 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 10
• FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
• 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 10
• 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 10
• 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
• HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N zidovudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](N=[N+]=[N-])C1 HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 description 10
• 229960002555 zidovudine Drugs 0.000 description 10
• 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
• 241001492404 Woodchuck hepatitis virus Species 0.000 description 9
• 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 9
• 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
• 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
• 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 9
• 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 9
• 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
• 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 description 8
• 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 8
• 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 8
• 229960005305 adenosine Drugs 0.000 description 8
• 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
• 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
• 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 description 8
• 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 8
• 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 8
• 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
• VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
• PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
• 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
• 239000003443 antiviral agent Substances 0.000 description 7
• OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
• 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
• 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 7
• 229940067631 phospholipid Drugs 0.000 description 7
• 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
• 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
• 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
• QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 101100172748 Mus musculus Ethe1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
• ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 102000006601 Thymidine Kinase Human genes 0.000 description 6
• 108020004440 Thymidine kinase Proteins 0.000 description 6
• 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
• 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
• 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
• 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
• 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
• 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 6
• 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
• 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 6
• 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 6
• 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
• 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
• 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
• 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
• 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
• 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
• 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 6
• 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
• 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
• RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
• 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 6
• 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 6
• 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 6
• 206010008909 Chronic Hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 5
• 108010014303 DNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 5
• 102000016928 DNA-directed DNA polymerase Human genes 0.000 description 5
• PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 5
• PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-MROZADKFSA-N aldehydo-L-ribose Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-MROZADKFSA-N 0.000 description 5
• PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
• 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
• SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
• 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 5
• 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 5
• 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
• 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
• 239000002342 ribonucleoside Substances 0.000 description 5
• 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
• 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 5
• OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-DEGSGYPDSA-N (2S,3S,4R,5S)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound [C@H]1([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O1)CO)N1C2=NC=NC(=C2N=C1)N OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-DEGSGYPDSA-N 0.000 description 4
• RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-beta-D-Xylofuranosyl-NH-Cytosine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 4
• CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
• HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N Cytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 208000001940 Massive Hepatic Necrosis Diseases 0.000 description 4
• WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 4
• HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ara-adenosine Natural products Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)C1OC(CO)C(O)C1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
• 238000012925 biological evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
• 230000007882 cirrhosis Effects 0.000 description 4
• 208000019425 cirrhosis of liver Diseases 0.000 description 4
• 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 4
• 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 4
• UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N cytidine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
• 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
• 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
• 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 4
• 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
• 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
• 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
• 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
• 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 4
• NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
• 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 4
• 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
• 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 4
• 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 4
• 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 4
• RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
• 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 3
• WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
• 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
• WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 206010019759 Hepatitis chronic persistent Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 206010019799 Hepatitis viral Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 241000700588 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 3
• 241000713772 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Species 0.000 description 3
• 102100034349 Integrase Human genes 0.000 description 3
• SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-HWQSCIPKSA-N L-arabinopyranose Chemical compound O[C@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-HWQSCIPKSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 241000701076 Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 3
• 101100170604 Mus musculus Dmap1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
• 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 3
• DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
• 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
• 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
• 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
• 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
• 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000036436 anti-hiv Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000000798 anti-retroviral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
• CBHOOMGKXCMKIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;methanol Chemical compound N.OC CBHOOMGKXCMKIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
• 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
• 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 3
• 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 3
• SUYVUBYJARFZHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N dATP Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O1 SUYVUBYJARFZHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 3
• SUYVUBYJARFZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dATP Natural products C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O1 SUYVUBYJARFZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
• 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 3
• 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
• 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
• 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 3
• 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
• 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 3
• 208000018191 liver inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 3
• PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
• 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
• 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
• 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
• 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 3
• 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
• 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
• 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
• 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
• 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
• 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
• 241001430294 unidentified retrovirus Species 0.000 description 3
• 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 3
• 201000001862 viral hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
• 210000002845 virion Anatomy 0.000 description 3
• NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 2
• WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• OBOHMJWDFPBPKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[chloro(diphenyl)methyl]-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(Cl)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OBOHMJWDFPBPKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• OLXZPDWKRNYJJZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N 2'-deoxyadenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 OLXZPDWKRNYJJZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 2
• IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• CWNPOQFCIIFQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 CWNPOQFCIIFQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• YBZRUQILMWTULU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-(2-bromoethenyl)-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1C=CBr YBZRUQILMWTULU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)NC2=C1NC=N2 LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 2
• GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
• IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• BGGALFIXXQOTPY-NRFANRHFSA-N C1(=C(C2=C(C=C1)N(C(C#N)=C2)C[C@@H](N1CCN(CC1)S(=O)(=O)C)C)C)CN1CCC(CC1)NC1=NC(=NC2=C1C=C(S2)CC(F)(F)F)NC Chemical compound C1(=C(C2=C(C=C1)N(C(C#N)=C2)C[C@@H](N1CCN(CC1)S(=O)(=O)C)C)C)CN1CCC(CC1)NC1=NC(=NC2=C1C=C(S2)CC(F)(F)F)NC BGGALFIXXQOTPY-NRFANRHFSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 241001227713 Chiron Species 0.000 description 2
• IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 108010033174 Deoxycytidine kinase Proteins 0.000 description 2
• 102100029588 Deoxycytidine kinase Human genes 0.000 description 2
• 208000010334 End Stage Liver Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 101710091045 Envelope protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
• GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorouracil Chemical compound FC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 101710126256 Hydrolase in agr operon Proteins 0.000 description 2
• DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
• GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 2
• 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 241000282579 Pan Species 0.000 description 2
• NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 108091000080 Phosphotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 2
• ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 102000001253 Protein Kinase Human genes 0.000 description 2
• 101710188315 Protein X Proteins 0.000 description 2
• UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
• 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
• CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 241000701093 Suid alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 2
• 241000906446 Theraps Species 0.000 description 2
• 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
• IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD107823 Natural products O1C2COP(O)(=O)OC2C(O)C1N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 108010067390 Viral Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
• HBHJTJKGFOGKMG-LADGJGSJSA-N [(2r)-3-[[(2s,3s,5r)-3-azido-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-2-tetradecanoyloxypropyl] tetradecanoate Chemical compound C1[C@H](N=[N+]=[N-])[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(C)=C1 HBHJTJKGFOGKMG-LADGJGSJSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
• 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
• 231100000354 acute hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WISUUJSJSA-N aldehydo-L-xylose Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WISUUJSJSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229930195726 aldehydo-L-xylose Natural products 0.000 description 2
• 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
• 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
• 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
• 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000003602 anti-herpes Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229940034982 antineoplastic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
• 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
• 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
• 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
• PBAYDYUZOSNJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chelidonic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC(=O)C=C(C(O)=O)O1 PBAYDYUZOSNJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 2
• 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
• 208000011444 chronic liver failure Diseases 0.000 description 2
• GBBJCSTXCAQSSJ-XQXXSGGOSA-N clevudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1[C@H](F)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 GBBJCSTXCAQSSJ-XQXXSGGOSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
• 229940095074 cyclic amp Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
• 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
• 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
• JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
• 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
• 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
• XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucytosine Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1F XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 229960004413 flucytosine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 229960002949 fluorouracil Drugs 0.000 description 2
• 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 2
• 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
• UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanine Chemical compound O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2 UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N hydrocortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
• FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypoxanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 2
• CFHGBZLNZZVTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lawesson's reagent Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1P1(=S)SP(=S)(C=2C=CC(OC)=CC=2)S1 CFHGBZLNZZVTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
• HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
• 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
• 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
• VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
• OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
• KOSYAAIZOGNATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-phenyl chloromethanethioate Chemical compound ClC(=S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 KOSYAAIZOGNATQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
• 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 2
• 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 2
• 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 2
• 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 2
• 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
• 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
• 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
• 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
• 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
• 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
• 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
• 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
• 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
• 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
• 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
• 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 229940113082 thymine Drugs 0.000 description 2
• HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
• 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
• 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
• 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
• 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
• 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
• 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 2
• IVWWFWFVSWOTLP-YVZVNANGSA-N (3'as,4r,7'as)-2,2,2',2'-tetramethylspiro[1,3-dioxolane-4,6'-4,7a-dihydro-3ah-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-c]pyran]-7'-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1OC(O[C@@H]1C1=O)(C)C)O[C@]21COC(C)(C)O2 IVWWFWFVSWOTLP-YVZVNANGSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 1
• FYADHXFMURLYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NC=N1 FYADHXFMURLYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• YNGDWRXWKFWCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dihydropyridine Chemical compound C1C=CNC=C1 YNGDWRXWKFWCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• GBBJCSTXCAQSSJ-JVZYCSMKSA-N 1-[(2r,3s,4r,5r)-3-fluoro-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@H]1[C@@H](F)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 GBBJCSTXCAQSSJ-JVZYCSMKSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BBYWOYAFBUOUFP-JOCHJYFZSA-N 1-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(=O)OCCN BBYWOYAFBUOUFP-JOCHJYFZSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FUFLCEKSBBHCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-dehydrocorticosterone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(=O)CC(C)(C(CC4)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 FUFLCEKSBBHCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• YQTCQNIPQMJNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one Chemical group CC(C)(C)[C]=O YQTCQNIPQMJNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BTOTXLJHDSNXMW-POYBYMJQSA-N 2,3-dideoxyuridine Chemical compound O1[C@H](CO)CC[C@@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 BTOTXLJHDSNXMW-POYBYMJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
• YPFDNCJJFMAZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibromo-7h-purine Chemical compound BrC1=NC(Br)=C2NC=NC2=N1 YPFDNCJJFMAZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• RMFWVOLULURGJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichloro-7h-purine Chemical compound ClC1=NC(Cl)=C2NC=NC2=N1 RMFWVOLULURGJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• HNCFPTJMAVGCEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diiodo-7h-purine Chemical compound IC1=NC(I)=C2NC=NC2=N1 HNCFPTJMAVGCEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 3',5'-cyclic GMP Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=C(NC2=O)N)=C2N=C1 ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 1
• BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-chlorobenzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 1
• NQUVCRCCRXRJCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzoyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 NQUVCRCCRXRJCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 102100022464 5'-nucleotidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
• BLXGZIDBSXVMLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2-bromoethenyl)-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound BrC=CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O BLXGZIDBSXVMLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• OOXNYFKPOPJIOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(3-bromophenyl)-7-(6-morpholin-4-ylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C=12C(N)=NC=NC2=NC(C=2C=NC(=CC=2)N2CCOCC2)=CC=1C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OOXNYFKPOPJIOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• LMNPKIOZMGYQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CNC(=O)NC1=O LMNPKIOZMGYQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SVXNJCYYMRMXNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-2h-1,2,4-triazin-3-one Chemical compound NC=1C=NNC(=O)N=1 SVXNJCYYMRMXNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WOVKYSAHUYNSMH-RRKCRQDMSA-N 5-bromodeoxyuridine Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(Br)=C1 WOVKYSAHUYNSMH-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
• LQLQRFGHAALLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromouracil Chemical compound BrC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O LQLQRFGHAALLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• KSNXJLQDQOIRIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-iodouracil Chemical compound IC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O KSNXJLQDQOIRIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZKBQDFAWXLTYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Chloro-1H-purine Chemical compound ClC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 ZKBQDFAWXLTYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• OHILKUISCGPRMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1C(F)(F)F OHILKUISCGPRMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UFVWJVAMULFOMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-5-iodo-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound NC=1NC(=O)N=CC=1I UFVWJVAMULFOMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• CTGFGRDVWBZYNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromo-7h-purine Chemical compound BrC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 CTGFGRDVWBZYNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• NIBFSSALYRLHPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-iodo-7h-purine Chemical compound IC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 NIBFSSALYRLHPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MSSXOMSJDRHRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-purine-2,6-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=C2NC=NC2=N1 MSSXOMSJDRHRMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 208000007788 Acute Liver Failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010000804 Acute hepatic failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 108010076278 Adenosine kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 102100032534 Adenosine kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
• QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
• 241001530105 Anax Species 0.000 description 1
• 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
• WOVKYSAHUYNSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N BROMODEOXYURIDINE Natural products C1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(Br)=C1 WOVKYSAHUYNSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
• VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000010471 Chronic Hepatitis D Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 206010057573 Chronic hepatic failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 108090001069 Chymopapain Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 241000589518 Comamonas testosteroni Species 0.000 description 1
• RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
• MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N Cortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
• MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cortisone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(=O)CC(C)(C(CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 102100035373 Cyclin-D-binding Myb-like transcription factor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
• XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-CCXZUQQUSA-N Cytarabine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-CCXZUQQUSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 101710200523 DNA polymerase 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 108010058222 Deoxyguanosine kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
• YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical group [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
• KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
• PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 1
• 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
• UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol 1,2-diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(C)=O UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 241000700739 Hepadnaviridae Species 0.000 description 1
• 206010019663 Hepatic failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000037319 Hepatitis infectious Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 101000804518 Homo sapiens Cyclin-D-binding Myb-like transcription factor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
• UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hypoxanthine nucleoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(NC=NC2=O)=C2N=C1 UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• XQFRJNBWHJMXHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N IDUR Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(I)=C1 XQFRJNBWHJMXHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 206010061598 Immunodeficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 208000029462 Immunodeficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
• UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N Inosine Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(O)=C2N=C1 UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229930010555 Inosine Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 102000006992 Interferon-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108010047761 Interferon-alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
• FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 description 1
• 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 201000003793 Myelodysplastic syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
• JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229920002230 Pectic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
• LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 229940123066 Polymerase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229920001710 Polyorthoester Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 229940121659 Prenyltransferase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 1
• 108010092799 RNA-directed DNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 241000714223 Rauscher murine leukemia virus Species 0.000 description 1
• 102000004389 Ribonucleoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108010081734 Ribonucleoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 241000700584 Simplexvirus Species 0.000 description 1
• DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 102000007501 Thymosin Human genes 0.000 description 1
• 108010046075 Thymosin Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 206010058874 Viraemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 108010003533 Viral Envelope Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
• WREGKURFCTUGRC-POYBYMJQSA-N Zalcitabine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)CC1 WREGKURFCTUGRC-POYBYMJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
• HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-UHTZMRCNSA-N [(2r,3s,4s,5r)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-UHTZMRCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
• GCZABPLTDYVJMP-TVQWTUMOSA-N [(2s,3s,4s,5r)-5-acetyloxy-3,4-dibenzoyloxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl benzoate Chemical compound C([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1OC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)OC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GCZABPLTDYVJMP-TVQWTUMOSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl Chemical compound C[C]=O TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229960004150 aciclovir Drugs 0.000 description 1
• MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aciclovir Chemical compound N1C(N)=NC(=O)C2=C1N(COCCO)C=N2 MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 150000003862 amino acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000002259 anti human immunodeficiency virus agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940121363 anti-inflammatory agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000719 anti-leukaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000118 anti-neoplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
• 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000005160 aryl oxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
• AQHMSOCWYFWQRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;methylsulfinylmethane Chemical compound CS(C)=O.C1=CC=CC=C1 AQHMSOCWYFWQRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 210000001185 bone marrow Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 229950004398 broxuridine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
• DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 125000004063 butyryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
• 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 1
• 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
• 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
• 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
• XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
• 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000000973 chemotherapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• DDYAZDRFUVZBMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro-[chloro-di(propan-2-yl)silyl]oxy-di(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](Cl)(C(C)C)O[Si](Cl)(C(C)C)C(C)C DDYAZDRFUVZBMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
• GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 229940075614 colloidal silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000005100 correlation spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229960004544 cortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000012866 crystallographic experiment Methods 0.000 description 1
• ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclic GMP Natural products O1C2COP(O)(=O)OC2C(O)C1N1C=NC2=C1NC(N)=NC2=O ZOOGRGPOEVQQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000517 death Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 229940039227 diagnostic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000000032 diagnostic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N diethyl azodicarboxylate Substances CCOC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
• IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940042399 direct acting antivirals protease inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000009266 disease activity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
• 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000002900 effect on cell Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)N=NC(=O)OCC FAMRKDQNMBBFBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229910001851 flerovium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• ODKNJVUHOIMIIZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N floxuridine Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(F)=C1 ODKNJVUHOIMIIZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N gallotannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-QWKBTXIPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 229940029575 guanosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 108010036383 guanosine kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000005252 hepatitis A Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
• 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
• 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
• 229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000007813 immunodeficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910001867 inorganic solvent Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000003049 inorganic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229960003786 inosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
• 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
• 208000007903 liver failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
• 231100000835 liver failure Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
• 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 210000003563 lymphoid tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
• 210000004779 membrane envelope Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
• LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N metachloroperbenzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 LULAYUGMBFYYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
• HRDXJKGNWSUIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Chemical group [CH2]OC1=CC=CC=C1 HRDXJKGNWSUIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• IMAKHNTVDGLIRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl prop-2-ynoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C#C IMAKHNTVDGLIRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960001047 methyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monothioglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)CS PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
• ACTNHJDHMQSOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-dibenzylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CCN)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ACTNHJDHMQSOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
• YZMHQCWXYHARLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 YZMHQCWXYHARLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000003041 necroinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• LBQAJLBSGOBDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro azanylidynemethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OS(=O)(=O)C#N LBQAJLBSGOBDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
• WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000003305 oral gavage Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000007935 oral tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
• 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
• YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
• 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
• 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
• 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
• RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N phosphamidon Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC RGCLLPNLLBQHPF-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 1
• WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 1
• UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphoramidate Chemical compound NP([O-])([O-])=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
• 150000008298 phosphoramidates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 150000008299 phosphorodiamidates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000010318 polygalacturonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
• QMLAXRXNTUYJMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,2,3-triol;3-sulfanylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CS QMLAXRXNTUYJMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 108010043671 prostatic acid phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 108060006633 protein kinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
• 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000002718 pyrimidine nucleoside Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
• 230000003362 replicative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
• CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
• 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
• 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
• 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
• ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 238000000956 solid--liquid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
• 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
• 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
• KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-M succinate(1-) Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
• 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
• 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
• 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
• FIAFUQMPZJWCLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N suramin Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C2C(NC(=O)C3=CC=C(C(=C3)NC(=O)C=3C=C(NC(=O)NC=4C=C(C=CC=4)C(=O)NC=4C(=CC=C(C=4)C(=O)NC=4C5=C(C=C(C=C5C(=CC=4)S(O)(=O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O)C)C=CC=3)C)=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 FIAFUQMPZJWCLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 229960005314 suramin Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
• 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
• 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
• 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
• YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• VXKWYPOMXBVZSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyltin Chemical compound C[Sn](C)(C)C VXKWYPOMXBVZSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
• 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
• 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 description 1
• LCJVIYPJPCBWKS-NXPQJCNCSA-N thymosin Chemical compound SC[C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O LCJVIYPJPCBWKS-NXPQJCNCSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
• 239000003104 tissue culture media Substances 0.000 description 1
• 231100000759 toxicological effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 231100000723 toxicological property Toxicity 0.000 description 1
• 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
• 230000032895 transmembrane transport Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
• DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
• FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 125000002264 triphosphate group Chemical class [H]OP(=O)(O[H])OP(=O)(O[H])OP(=O)(O[H])O* 0.000 description 1
• SCHZCUMIENIQMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)[Si]([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C SCHZCUMIENIQMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
• 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
• 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
• 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
• 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
• 229940075420 xanthine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229960000523 zalcitabine Drugs 0.000 description 1
• 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
• 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
• MJIBOYFUEIDNPI-HBNMXAOGSA-L zinc 5-[2,3-dihydroxy-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5,6-tris[[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxybenzoyl]oxy]-2-[[3,4-dihydroxy-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxybenzoyl]oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl]oxycarbonylphenoxy]carbonyl-3-hydroxybenzene-1,2-diolate Chemical class [Zn++].Oc1cc(cc(O)c1O)C(=O)Oc1cc(cc(O)c1O)C(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](OC(=O)c2cc(O)c(O)c(OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3)c2)[C@H](OC(=O)c2cc(O)c(O)c(OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3)c2)[C@@H](OC(=O)c2cc(O)c(O)c(OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3)c2)[C@@H]1OC(=O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(OC(=O)c2cc(O)c([O-])c([O-])c2)c1 MJIBOYFUEIDNPI-HBNMXAOGSA-L 0.000 description 1