Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
  • C08F222/36—Amides or imides
  • C08F222/40—Imides, e.g. cyclic imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
  • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
  • C08F220/10—Esters
  • C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
  • C08F220/32—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing epoxy radicals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F267/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F22/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
  • C08F8/14—Esterification

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for producing an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer and an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by the above-mentioned production method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer capable of suppressing heat coloring of a cured product, and a method for producing the same.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer such as N-benzylmaleimide or N-phenylmaleimide.
• Such maleimide-based polymers are generally widely used as optical materials, electric / electronic materials, and the like because they have a high glass transition temperature and excellent heat resistance.
• Such a polymer having a polymerizable double bond in the side chain can be obtained by, for example, polymerizing a monomer component containing a monomer having an acid group to obtain a base polymer, and the polymer can be used as a base polymer.
• a method of introducing a polymerizable double bond into a polymer by subjecting an epoxy group to a compound having a polymerizable double bond, or a monomer component containing a compound having a polymerizable double bond to an epoxy group can be used.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate (glycidyl acrylate and / or) is used as one of the compounds having a polymerizable double bond with the epoxy group.
• glycidyl methacrylate is used.
• Patent Document 1 describes a photosensitive resin composition for a color filter containing a carboxyl group-containing radically polymerizable copolymer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and obtains the above radically polymerizable copolymer.
• an N-substituted maleimide compound and an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound such as (meth) acrylic acid (acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid) as a monomer component are added to a copolymer obtained as an epoxy group-containing ethylenically non-ethyleney polymer.
• a method of reacting a saturated polymer is described.
• the polymer obtained by using glycidyl (meth) acrylate has a problem that it is easily colored by heat depending on its composition.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate and a polymer containing an N-substituted maleimide-based monomer or a structural unit derived from an N-substituted maleimide-based monomer are mixed and heated, the heat of the cured product obtained is obtained.
• coloring due to (heat coloring) became remarkable.
• Such coloring becomes a big problem when it is desired to use the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer in the production of a light-colored or transparent product.
• the present invention can obtain a polymer in which thermal coloring is remarkably suppressed when a polymer is produced using an N-substituted maleimide monomer and glycidyl (meth) acrylate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer which can be produced.
• the present inventor has studied various methods for producing a polymer using glycidyl (meth) acrylate and an N-substituted maleimide-based monomer, and found that glycidyl (meth) acrylate was used. Found that chlorine is contained as an impurity, and that chlorine promotes the thermal oxidation of maleimide groups, resulting in thermal coloring of the resulting polymer. Then, the present inventor uses glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a predetermined range of chlorine content, for example, glycidyl (meth) acrylate adjusted so that the chlorine content is within a predetermined range. By doing so, it was found that an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain, in which thermal coloring was remarkably suppressed, could be obtained, and the present invention was completed.
• the present invention is a step (I-2) of polymerizing a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) to obtain a base polymer.
• An N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain by reacting the base polymer with glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• This is a method for producing an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer, which comprises the step (I-3) of obtaining the above.
• the amount of chlorine contained in glycidyl (meth) acrylate is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass before the step (I-2). It is preferable to further include the step (I-1) of purifying glycidyl acrylate.
• the present invention also polymerizes a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass In the step of obtaining the base polymer (II-2) and reacting the base polymer with the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) to obtain an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain. It is a method for producing an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer, which comprises the step (II-3) of obtaining the polymer.
• the chlorine content in glycidyl (meth) acrylate is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass before the step (II-2). It is preferable to further include the step (II-1) of purifying glycidyl acrylate.
• a polybasic acid or a polybasic acid is further added to the N-substituted maleimide polymer having a double bond in the side chain. It is preferable to have a step (II-4) of reacting the anhydride.
• the amount of residual chlorine in the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is the total amount of the N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate used. On the other hand, it is preferably 100 to 2000 ppm.
• the present invention also has an N-substituted structural unit (A) derived from an N-substituted maleimide monomer and a structural unit (B) represented by the following general formulas (B1), (B2) or (B3).
• the structural unit (B) of the maleimide-based polymer includes a structure derived from glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the amount of residual chlorine in the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is the polymer raw material.
• N-substituted maleimide system characterized in that it is 100 to 2000 ppm with respect to the total mass of the N-substituted maleimide monomer giving the structural unit (A) and the glycidyl (meth) acrylate giving the structural unit (B). It is a polymer.
• R 1 and R 3 represent the same or different hydrogen atom or methyl group.
• R 2 represents a divalent bonding group.
• A is 0 or 1.
• R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 5 represents an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing group.
• R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 7 represents an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing group.
• X represents a divalent hydrocarbon group.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer preferably has an acid value of 20 to 200 mgKOH / g.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer preferably has a double bond equivalent of 300 to 3000 g / equivalent.
• the present invention is also a curable resin composition comprising the above-mentioned N-substituted maleimide-based polymer and a polymerizable compound.
• N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain in which thermal coloring is remarkably suppressed.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer of the present invention can be suitably used as an optical material, an electric / electronic material, or the like.
• (meth) acrylic acid means “acrylic acid” and “methacrylic acid”
• (meth) acrylate means “acrylate” and "methacrylate”.
• a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) is polymerized to obtain a base polymer.
• the step (I-2) for obtaining and the above base polymer were reacted with glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass to form a double bond in the side chain.
• It is a method (I) for producing an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer which comprises a step (I-3) for obtaining an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having the same.
• the present invention polymerizes a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass is used. do.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate whose chlorine content is adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, the thermal coloring of the obtained polymer can be remarkably suppressed for the following reasons. It is presumed that That is, chlorine contained as an impurity in glycidyl (meth) acrylate generates hydrogen chloride and hypochlorous acid during heating and promotes the generation of amines from N-substituted maleimides, and the generated amines are hypochlorous acid.
• a colored substance is produced by being oxidized by an oxidizing substance such as, and the production of such a colored substance is remarkably suppressed by setting the residual chlorine contained in glycidyl (meth) acrylate to a predetermined range amount. It is thought that this is the reason.
• an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain can be finally obtained.
• the double bond means a polymerizable double bond, that is, a carbon-carbon double bond, and examples thereof include a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a metalyl group.
• Manufacturing method (I) ⁇ Step (I-2)>
• a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) is polymerized to form a base polymer (also referred to as "base polymer 1"). It has a step (I-2) of obtaining (referred to as).
• the method for obtaining the base polymer 1 by polymerizing the monomer components containing the monomers (a) and (b) is not particularly limited, and known polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, and emulsion polymerization are available. Can be mentioned. Of these, solution polymerization is preferable because it is industrially advantageous and structural adjustment such as molecular weight is easy. Further, as the polymerization mechanism of the above-mentioned monomer component, a polymerization method based on a mechanism such as radical polymerization, anion polymerization, cationic polymerization, or coordination polymerization can be used, but the radical polymerization mechanism is industrially advantageous. The polymerization method based on is preferable.
• the molecular weight of the base polymer 1 obtained by polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer components can be controlled by adjusting the amount and type of the polymerization initiator, the polymerization temperature, the type and amount of the chain transfer agent, and the like.
• polymerization initiator examples include cumene hydroperoxide, diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyisopropyl carbonate, and t-butylperoxy-.
• Examples of the chain transfer agent preferably include compounds having a mercapto group such as mercaptocarboxylic acids, mercaptocarboxylic acid esters, alkyl mercaptans, mercapto alcohols, aromatic mercaptans, and mercapto isocyanurates, and more preferably.
• Examples include alkyl mercaptans, mercaptocarboxylic acids, mercaptocarboxylic acid esters, and more preferably n-dodecyl mercaptan and mercaptopropionic acid.
• the solvent used for the above polymerization is not particularly limited, and for example, monoalcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and s-butanol; polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; tetrahydrofuran and dioxane.
• monoalcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and s-butanol
• polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol
• tetrahydrofuran and dioxane tetrahydrofuran and dioxane.
• Ethers such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and 3-methoxybutyl acetate; aromatics such as toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene.
• the polymerization initiator, the chain transfer agent, and the solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, these usage amounts can be set as appropriate.
• the polymerization temperature can be appropriately set according to the type and amount of the monomer used, the type and amount of the polymerization initiator and the like, but for example, 50 to 200 ° C. is preferable, and 80 to 120 ° C. is more preferable. ..
• the polymerization time can be appropriately set, but is preferably 1 to 12 hours, more preferably 3 to 8 hours, for example.
• the mixing of the above-mentioned monomer components is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately carried out according to the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer to be obtained, and the entire amounts of the above-mentioned monomers (a) and (b) are mixed at the same time.
• the monomer (b) or (a) may be added little by little to the total amount of the monomer (a) or (b) and mixed.
• the base polymer 1 After polymerizing the above monomer component to obtain a base polymer 1, the base polymer 1 may be used after removing volatile components from the polymerization reaction solution (polymer solution) to separate the base polymer 1. Although it may be used in a solution state without separation, it is preferable to use it in a solution state without separation for industrial use from the viewpoint of cost and the like.
• the monomer component used for producing the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer will be described below.
• a copolymer having a constituent unit derived from each monomer can be obtained.
• N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) examples include compounds represented by the following general formula (a).
• R 8 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent.
• R 8 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent.
• the monovalent hydrocarbon group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• Examples of the hydrocarbon group include a chain or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, but is preferably a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
• Examples of the chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a pentyl group, and an isopentyl group.
• Examples thereof include linear or branched alkyl groups. Among them, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms is preferable, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is further preferable.
• cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group examples include a monocyclic alicyclic group such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a cyclononyl group, a cyclodecyl group and a cyclododecyl group.
• Hydrocarbon groups; polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as dicyclopentanyl group, norbornyl group and adamantyl group; can be mentioned.
• a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms is preferable, and a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable. It is preferably a monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• aromatic hydrocarbon group examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a benzyl group, a phenethyl group and the like. Of these, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms is preferable, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable.
• the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent.
• substituents include an alkyl group, an aryl group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group and the like.
• N-substituted maleimide-based monomer examples include N-methylmaleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-propylmaleimide, N-isopropylmaleimide, Nt-butylmaleimide, N-dodecylmaleimide, and N.
• N-benzylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, and N-cyclohexylmaleimide are preferable, and N-benzylmaleimide and N-cyclohexylmaleimide are preferable from the viewpoint of copolymerizability and heat resistance with the above N-vinylamide-based monomer. More preferably, N-benzylmaleimide is further preferable.
• N-benzylmaleimide is preferably used in applications where heat-resistant coloring is strongly required, and N-phenylmaleimide is preferably used in applications where affinity with organic fine particles and inorganic fine particles is strongly required.
• N-benzylmaleimide examples include benzylmaleimide; alkyl-substituted benzylmaleimide such as p-methylbenzylmaleimide and p-butylbenzylmaleimide; phenolic hydroxyl-substituted benzylmaleimide such as p-hydroxybenzylmaleimide; o-chlorobenzylmaleimide. , O-Dichlorobenzylmaleimide, halogen-substituted benzylmaleimide such as p-dichlorobenzylmaleimide; and the like.
• the N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) is preferably N-benzylmaleimide and N-phenylmaleimide.
• the combination of these two types may improve the dispersion stability of the pigment or increase the surface hardness of the film after curing.
• the mass ratio of N-benzylmaleimide to N-phenylmaleimide is preferably 95/5 to 5/95, and more preferably 10/90 to 90/10.
• the ratio of N-benzylmaleimide is 1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of N-phenylmaleimide. It is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, and most preferably 1 to 5 parts by mass.
• the amount of N-benzylmaleimide used is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, based on 100% by mass of the total monomer component. It is more preferably 0.5 to 3% by mass, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2% by mass, and most preferably 0.5 to 1.8% by mass. Within the above range, the affinity and dispersibility with organic fine particles such as pigments and inorganic fine particles such as quantum dots or silica can be improved.
• Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) include compounds having a carboxyl group and / or a carboxylic acid anhydride group and a polymerizable double bond.
• Examples of the polymerizable double bond include a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a metharyl group. Of these, the (meth) acryloyl group is preferable.
• unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer examples include unsaturated monocarboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, silicic acid, and vinyl benzoic acid; maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, and citracon.
• unsaturated polyvalent carboxylic acids such as acids and mesaconic acids; the chain is extended between unsaturated groups such as monosuccinate (2-acryloyloxyethyl) and monosuccinate (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) and carboxyl groups.
• unsaturated long-chain monocarboxylic acids unsaturated acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride and itaconic anhydride; and the like.
• unsaturated monocarboxylic acids are preferable, and (meth) acrylic acid is more preferable, from the viewpoint of versatility, availability, and the like.
• the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the monomer component for producing the base polymer 1 can be copolymerized with the above-mentioned monomer (a) and the above-mentioned monomer (b) in addition to the above-mentioned monomer (a) and the above-mentioned monomer (b).
• the monomer (c) may be further contained.
• the monomer (c) is not particularly limited as long as it can be copolymerized with the above-mentioned monomers (a) and (b), and examples thereof include the following monomers. These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
• (Meta) acrylamides such as N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide and N-methylol (meth) acrylamide; weights of polystyrene, polymethyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polysiloxane, polycaprolactone, polycaprolactam, etc.
• Macromonomers having a (meth) acryloyl group at one end of the coalesced molecular chain conjugated dienes such as 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, and chloroprene; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl benzoate, etc.
• the contents of the monomers (a), (b) and (c) can be appropriately set according to the purpose and use of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer to be obtained.
• the monomer (a) is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, and 3% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the total monomer component. It is more preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and further preferably 20% by mass or less.
• the monomer (b) is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and more preferably 20% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the total monomer component.
• the monomer (c) is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and more preferably 25% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the total monomer component. It is more preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, and further preferably 70% by mass or less.
• the content of each of the monomers (a), (b), and (c) is the total amount when two or more kinds of monomers are contained.
• Step (I-3)> In the above-mentioned production method (I), glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass was further added to the base polymer 1 obtained in the above-mentioned step (I-2). It has a step (I-3) of reacting to obtain an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain.
• the chlorine content of glycidyl (meth) acrylate used in the above-mentioned production method (I) is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• the chlorine content of the glycidyl (meth) acrylate is preferably 0.25% by mass or less, preferably 0.25% by mass or less, in that the thermal coloring of the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer can be further suppressed. It is more preferably 20% by mass or less, and even more preferably 0.15% by mass or less.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate is adjusted so that the content of chlorine is less than 0.01% by mass, the preparation equipment for purification and the like becomes excessive, and the apparatus for polymerizing glycidyl (meth) acrylate during purification distillation.
• the lower limit of the chlorine content is preferably 0.03% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.05% by mass or more from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
• the chlorine content can be determined by measuring by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) method, and specifically, can be determined by the method described in Examples described later.
• a method for adjusting the chlorine content of glycidyl (meth) acrylate for example, a method for purifying glycidyl (meth) acrylate is preferable.
• the method for purifying the above-mentioned glycidyl acrylate is not particularly limited, and known methods such as distillation, extraction, and column chromatography can be mentioned. Among them, chlorine can be easily and safely removed. Distillation is preferred.
• distillation is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known distillation methods such as simple distillation, precision distillation (rectification), vacuum distillation (vacuum distillation), molecular distillation, and steam distillation. Among them, industrially easy distillation is used. Precision distillation is preferable, and precision distillation under reduced pressure is more preferable, because it can achieve high purity.
• the distillation method is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a known method, and can be carried out by a vacuum concentrator such as an evaporator, simple distillation, or precision distillation using a rectification column.
• a vacuum concentrator such as an evaporator, simple distillation, or precision distillation using a rectification column.
• the distillation temperature is preferably 30 ° C. or higher, more preferably 40 ° C. or higher, and even more preferably 50 ° C. or higher, in that condensation collection is industrially easy.
• the distillation temperature is preferably 150 ° C. or lower, more preferably 100 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 80 ° C. or lower, in that polymerization during distillation can be suppressed and blockage of the apparatus can be prevented. Is even more preferable.
• the distillation is preferably carried out under reduced pressure, for example, at 40,000 Pa or less, preferably 10000 Pa or less, and more preferably 3000 Pa or less.
• Examples of the method of performing the distillation under reduced pressure include known methods such as precision distillation equipped with a rectification column.
• the rectification column used for the distillation preferably has a theoretical plate number of 2 to 100, and more preferably a theoretical plate number of 5 to 50.
• the chlorine content can be reduced to a desired range by repeating the distillation a plurality of times.
• the number of times the distillation is repeated is preferably 3 times or less, and more preferably 2 times or less. Repeating distillation four or more times is industrially disadvantageous because the equipment and process become excessive and the distillation yield decreases.
• a polymerization inhibitor or the like may be added to glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
• a polymerization inhibitor By adding a polymerization inhibitor, polymerization during distillation can be prevented.
• the polymerization inhibitor include commonly used polymerization inhibitors for radically polymerizable monomers, such as hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, t-butylhydroquinone, methquinone, and 6-t-butyl-2.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate Before and / or after the distillation, glycidyl (meth) acrylate may be washed with a solvent such as water or weak alkaline water, or dried or dehydrated in order to further remove impurities. Especially when a large amount of water is contained, the glycidyl group of glycidyl (meth) acrylate may be hydrolyzed.
• the water content is preferably 0.2 parts by mass or less, more preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less, and most preferably 0.05 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
• the chlorine content of glycidyl (meth) acrylate is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass before the step (I-2) or (I-3). It is preferable to have a step (I-1) of purifying glycidyl (meth) acrylate so as to be.
• the method for reacting the base polymer 1 with glycidyl (meth) acrylate having the chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass is not particularly limited, and is a polymer solution containing the base polymer 1. Is mixed with glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, and reacted by a known method.
• the acid group (carboxyl group) of the base polymer 1 reacts with the epoxy group of glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and glycidyl (meth) acrylate is added to the base polymer 1 and is polymerizable at the terminal. A polymer having a double bond is obtained.
• the temperature of the addition reaction is not particularly limited as long as it is the temperature at which the addition reaction proceeds, but examples thereof include 60 to 150 ° C., preferably 90 to 140 ° C., and 100 to 120 ° C. Is more preferable.
• the reaction time of the addition reaction is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1 to 48 hours, preferably 3 to 24 hours, and more preferably 6 to 12 hours.
• the amount of the adjusted glycidyl (meth) acrylate used in the above step (I-3) is appropriately set so that the double bond equivalent of the obtained N-substituted maleimide polymer is within a desired range.
• it is preferably 1 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass, and 15 to 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total monomer component giving the base polymer 1. It is more preferably a part.
• amine compounds such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, triisopropylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, methyldibenzylamine and tribenzylamine; phosphines such as triethylphosphine and triphenylphosphine;
• Known catalysts such as ammonium salts; phosphonium salts such as tetraphenylphosphonium bromide, amide compounds such as dimethylformamide; and the like may be used.
• amine compounds and phosphines are preferable, and triethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, and triphenylphosphine are more preferable in terms of less coloring and easy industrial availability.
• the amount of the catalyst used can be appropriately set, but is preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the base polymer 1 and the adjusted glycidyl (meth) acrylate. It is more preferably 1 to 1% by mass, and even more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass. If the amount of the catalyst used is less than the above range, the reaction time becomes long, which may be industrially disadvantageous. On the other hand, if it exceeds the above range, a salt may be formed with the base polymer at the time of charging the catalyst to insolubilize it, which may make stirring difficult, or the obtained polymer may be strongly heat-colored.
• the manufacturing method (I) may include other steps in addition to the steps (I-1), (I-2), and (I-3) described above.
• Examples of the other steps include a aging step, a neutralizing step, a deactivation step of a polymerization initiator and a chain transfer agent, a dilution step, a drying step, a concentration step, a purification step and the like. These steps can be performed by a known method.
• the production method (I) preferably has a step of adjusting the amount of chlorine contained in the glycidyl (meth) acrylate to be used within a predetermined range. Therefore, the step (I-1) of purifying the (meth) glycidyl acrylate so that the content of chlorine in the (meth) glycidyl acrylate is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass, the N-substituted maleimide monomer.
• the production method is also one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
• the purified (meth) glycidyl acrylate obtained in the above step (I-1) is the above-mentioned glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• the production method (II) is a monomer component containing an N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• base polymer 2 also referred to as “base polymer 2”
• N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass are described in the above production method (I). Examples thereof include “N-substituted maleimide monomer (a)” and “glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass”.
• the monomer component for producing the base polymer 2 further contains the monomer (a) and the monomer (d) copolymerizable with the prepared glycidyl (meth) acrylate. May be good.
• the monomer (d) include the same monomers as the monomer (c) described in the production method (I). These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
• the polymerization method is not particularly limited, but a method similar to the polymerization method described in the above-mentioned production method (I) is preferably mentioned.
• the contents of the monomer (a), the adjusted (meth) glycidyl acrylate, and the monomer (d) depend on the purpose and use of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer to be obtained. Can be set as appropriate.
• the monomer (a) is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, and 3% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the total monomer component. It is more preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, and further preferably 30% by mass or less.
• the adjusted (meth) glycidyl acrylate is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and 30% by mass or more, based on 100% by mass of the total monomer component. It is more preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, and further preferably 60% by mass or less.
• the monomer (d) is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and more preferably 30% by mass or more with respect to 100% by mass of the total monomer component. It is more preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, and further preferably 60% by mass or less.
• the contents of the monomer (a), the adjusted glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the monomer (d) are the total amount when two or more kinds of monomers are contained.
• glycidyl (meth) acrylate has a chlorine content of 0.01 to 0.3% by mass. It is preferable to have a step (II-1) of purifying.
• a step similar to the step (I-1) in the above-mentioned manufacturing method (I) is preferably mentioned.
• Step (II-3)> In the above-mentioned production method (II), the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) is further reacted with the base polymer 2 obtained in the above-mentioned step (II-2) to have an N having a double bond in the side chain. It has a step (II-3) of obtaining a substituted maleimide-based polymer.
• the method for reacting the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) with the base polymer 2 is not particularly limited, and the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) is mixed with the polymer solution containing the base polymer 2. , And, if necessary, a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, or the like may be mixed and reacted by a known method.
• the carboxyl group of the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) reacts with the epoxy group of the base polymer 2, the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) is added, and the terminal is polymerizable.
• An N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond is obtained.
• the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) include those similar to the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) described in the above-mentioned production method (I).
• the reaction temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is the temperature at which the reaction proceeds, but examples thereof include 40 to 200 ° C., preferably 60 to 150 ° C., and more preferably 80 to 120 ° C.
• the reaction time is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1 to 48 hours, preferably 3 to 24 hours, and more preferably 5 to 12 hours.
• the amount of the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) used in the above step (II-3) is appropriately set so that the double bond equivalent of the obtained N-substituted maleimide polymer is within a desired range. It is preferable, but for example, it is preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 45 parts by mass, and 10 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer component giving the base polymer 2. It is more preferably a part.
• a known catalyst such as an amine compound such as triethylamine or dimethylbenzylamine; an ammonium salt such as tetraethylammonium chloride; a phosphonium salt such as tetraphenylphosphonium bromide, or an amide compound such as dimethylformamide; may be used. good.
• the amount of the catalyst used can be appropriately set.
• the production method (II) preferably has a step of adjusting the amount of chlorine contained in the glycidyl (meth) acrylate to be used within a predetermined range. Therefore, the step of purifying the glycidyl (meth) acrylate so that the content of chlorine in the glycidyl (meth) acrylate is 0.01 to 0.3% by mass (II-1), the N-substituted maleimide monomer.
• the N-substituted product is characterized by having a step (II-3) of reacting the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) with the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain.
• a method for producing a maleimide-based polymer is also one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
• the purified (meth) glycidyl acrylate obtained in the above step (II-1) is the above-mentioned glycidyl (meth) acrylate having a chlorine content adjusted to 0.01 to 0.3% by mass.
• a polybasic acid or a polybasic acid anhydride is further reacted with the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having a double bond in the side chain. It is preferable to have a step (II-4) of causing the reaction.
• a carboxyl group is formed by reacting a polybasic acid or a polybase anhydride with a hydroxyl group generated by the reaction of an epoxy group and a carboxyl group in the above step (II-3). It can be generated, and the acid value of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer can be adjusted to an appropriate range.
• polybasic acid or polybasic acid anhydride examples include polybasic acids such as succinic acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, and tetrahydrophthalic acid; succinic anhydride (also known as succinic anhydride), maleic anhydride, and anhydrous.
• Dibasic acid anhydrides such as phthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydroanhydride, methylendomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and itaconic anhydride. Things; trimellitic anhydride; etc.
• succinic anhydride and polybasic acid anhydride are preferable, and succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, and hexahydrophthalic anhydride are preferable because of their high reactivity and easy industrial availability.
• the reaction temperature in the reaction with the polybasic acid or the polybase anhydride is not particularly limited as long as it is the temperature at which the reaction proceeds, and examples thereof include 0 to 200 ° C. and 20 to 150 ° C. It is preferably 30 to 120 ° C., more preferably 30 to 120 ° C.
• the reaction time is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1 to 12 hours, preferably 2 to 12 hours, and more preferably 2 to 8 hours.
• the amount of the polybasic acid or polybase anhydride used is not particularly limited, and the acid value of the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer may be set within a desired range.
• the production method (II) may include other steps in addition to the steps (II-1), (II-2), (II-3), and (II-4) described above.
• Examples of the other steps include a aging step, a neutralizing step, a deactivation step of a polymerization initiator and a chain transfer agent, a dilution step, a drying step, a concentration step, a purification step and the like. These steps can be performed by a known method.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by the above-mentioned production method (I) or (II) has a residual chlorine amount of N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate in the polymer. It is preferably 100 to 2000 ppm with respect to the total amount used. The total amount used is the total mass of each monomer used at the time of polymerization. The amount of residual chlorine in the polymer is based on the total amount of N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and glycidyl (meth) acrylate used in that thermal coloring during curing can be further suppressed.
• the lower limit of the residual chlorine amount is the total of the N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) and the glycidyl (meth) acrylate in that the raw material glycidyl (meth) acrylate can be easily produced industrially. It is more preferably 200 ppm or more, and further preferably 300 ppm or more, based on the amount used.
• the amount of residual chlorine in the polymer is the value obtained by measuring the amount of residual chlorine in the polymer by the same method as the method for measuring the amount of chlorine contained in glycidyl (meth) acrylate described above.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by the above-mentioned production method (I) or (II) preferably has a residual epichlorohydrin amount of 0.001 to 5 ppm in the above-mentioned polymer.
• the amount of residual epichlorohydrin is in the above range, safety during production and use of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is excellent, and thermal coloring during curing can be further suppressed.
• Glycidyl (meth) acrylic acid is usually produced by the reaction of (meth) acrylic acid with epichlorohydrin.
• epichlorohydrin is highly reactive and is known to be a harmful substance to the human body.
• the amount of residual epichlorohydrin is more preferably 1 ppm or less, and further preferably 0.5 ppm or less.
• the lower limit of the residual epichlorohydrin amount is more preferably 0.01 ppm or more in that the equipment required for purification of glycidyl (meth) acrylate does not become excessive and is industrially advantageous. ..
• the amount of residual epichlorohydrin in the polymer can be determined by measuring by the GC-MS method, and specifically, can be determined by the method described in Examples described later.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by the method (I) or (II) for producing the N-substituted maleimide polymer of the present invention has a residual chlorine amount within a predetermined range, and thus is thermally colored at the time of curing. Can be significantly suppressed.
• Such an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by the above-mentioned production method (I) or (II) is also one of the present inventions.
• an example of a preferred embodiment of the N-substituted maleimide polymer obtained by the above-mentioned production method (I) or (II) will be described.
• N-substituted maleimide-based polymer The present invention also comprises a structural unit (A) derived from an N-substituted maleimide monomer and a structural unit represented by the following general formulas (B1), (B2) or (B3) (B3).
• the total mass of the N-substituted maleimide monomer giving the structural unit (A), which is the raw material of the polymer, and the glycidyl (meth) acrylate giving the structural unit (B) is 100 to 2000 ppm. It is an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer.
• R 1 and R 3 represent the same or different hydrogen atom or methyl group.
• R 2 represents a divalent bonding group.
• A is 0 or 1.
• R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 5 represents an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing group.
• R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 7 represents an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing group.
• X represents a divalent hydrocarbon group.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer of the present invention comprises an N-substituted maleimide monomer and the structural unit (B) whose residual chlorine content in the polymer gives the structural unit (A) which is the raw material of the polymer. It is 100 to 2000 ppm with respect to the total mass of the given (meth) glycidyl acrylate. Therefore, it is possible to suppress thermal coloring during curing of the polymer.
• the amount of residual chlorine is preferably 1800 ppm or less, more preferably 1500 ppm or less, and 1200 ppm or less, based on the total mass, in that thermal coloring during curing can be further suppressed. Is even more preferable.
• the amount of residual chlorine in the polymer can be determined by measuring it by the same method as the method for determining the amount of residual chlorine in the polymer described in "1. Method for producing N-substituted maleimide-based polymer". can.
• the N-substituted maleimide monomer giving the structural unit (A) is a weight obtained by polymerizing a monomer component containing the N-substituted maleimide monomer to obtain a polymer having the structural unit (A). It is a coalescing raw material.
• the glycidyl (meth) acrylate that gives the structural unit (B) does not directly give the structural unit (B) by polymerization, but reacts with a functional group derived from another monomer component to react with the structural unit (meth). It is a polymer raw material capable of forming B). That is, as will be described later, the structural unit (B) has a structure derived from glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer has a structural unit (A) derived from an N-substituted maleimide monomer and a structural unit (B) represented by the general formulas (B1), (B2) or (B3).
• the structural unit (B) has a structure derived from glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having the structural unit derived from the N-substituted maleimide monomer and the structural unit represented by the general formula (B1) can be obtained by the method of the above-mentioned production method (I). Can be done.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having the structural unit derived from the N-substituted maleimide monomer and the structural unit represented by the general formula (B2) can be obtained by the method of the above-mentioned production method (II). Can be obtained, preferably by the methods of steps (II-1) to (II-3).
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer having the structural unit derived from the N-substituted maleimide monomer and the structural unit represented by the general formula (B3) can be obtained by the method of the above-mentioned production method (II). Can be obtained, preferably by the methods of steps (II-1) to (II-4).
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer has only one structural unit represented by the general formula (B1), the general formula (B2), or the general formula (B3) as the structural unit (B). It may have two or more kinds.
• N-substituted maleimide monomer the same one as the N-substituted maleimide monomer (a) described in "1.
• Method for producing N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is preferably mentioned.
• a form having two types of structural units derived from the N-substituted maleimide monomer, a structural unit derived from N-benzylmaleimide and a structural unit derived from N-phenylmaleimide is also one of the preferred forms of the present invention. be.
• R 1 and R 3 represent the same or different hydrogen atoms or methyl groups.
• R 2 represents a divalent linking group.
• the divalent bonding group include an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a cycloalkenylene group, an arylene group, a heteroarylene group, -O-, -CO-,-(CO) O-, and -NH-. , -SO 2- , and combinations thereof.
• the divalent bonding group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• the polymerizable double bond group include a vinyl group, a (meth) acryloyl group, an allyl group, and a metharyl group.
• a is 0 or 1, but 0 is preferable in terms of reactivity and availability in the industry.
• R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 5 represents an ethylenically unsaturated group.
• the ethylenically unsaturated-containing group include groups containing a polymerizable double bond such as a (meth) acryloyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a metalyl group, and the above-mentioned "1.
• N-substituted maleimide is preferable.
• examples thereof include residues of the unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer (b) described in "Method for producing a system polymer” excluding the carboxyl group or the carboxylic acid anhydride group.
• R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
• R 7 represents an ethylenically unsaturated bond-containing group.
• the ethylenically unsaturated-containing group the same groups and an ethylenically unsaturated-containing radical of the R 5 are preferably exemplified.
• X represents a divalent hydrocarbon group.
• the divalent hydrocarbon group include a divalent chain or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
• the divalent chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a propylene group, an ethylidene group, a propylidene group, an isopropylidene group, a vinylene group, a propenylene group, a vinylidene group and the like.
• a divalent chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms can be mentioned.
• Examples of the divalent cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group include 1,2-cyclopentylene group, 1,2-cyclohexylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group and 1,2-cyclohexenylene. Examples thereof include a group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, a cyclopentylidene group, a cyclohexylidene group, etc., preferably a divalent cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
• a hydrogen group can be mentioned.
• divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group examples include a 1,2-phenylene group, a 1,2-naphthylene group, a 2,3-naphthylene group, a benzylidene group, a cinnamylidene group and the like, preferably having 6 carbon atoms.
• divalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups having up to 18 and more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include an alkyl group, an aryl group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a carboxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group and the like.
• X is a residue of the polybasic acid and the polybasic acid anhydride described in "1.
• Method for producing N-substituted maleimide-based polymer excluding the carboxyl group or the carboxylic acid anhydride group. Is preferable.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer may have a structural unit (C) other than the structural units (A) and (B).
• the other structural unit (C) include the structural unit derived from the monomer (c) described in "1. Method for producing N-substituted maleimide-based polymer".
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is a structural unit represented by the general formula (B1), (B2) or (B3), and further has a structural unit not derived from glycidyl (meth) acrylate. You may be doing it. This structural unit is included in the other structural unit (C).
• the content ratios of the structural units (A), (B) and (C) can be appropriately set according to the purpose and use of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer.
• the content ratio of the structural unit (A) is preferably 0.5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and 3 to 3 to 30% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of all structural units. It is more preferably 20% by mass.
• the content ratio of the structural unit (B) is preferably 5 to 60% by mass, more preferably 10 to 50% by mass, and further preferably 20 to 40% by mass.
• the content ratio of the structural unit (C) is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 20 to 80% by mass, and even more preferably 25 to 70% by mass.
• the weight average molecular weight of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer can be appropriately set according to the purpose and application of the polymer, but is preferably 2000 to 1000000, more preferably 3000 or more. It is more preferably 5000 or more. Further, it is more preferably 50,000 or less, and further preferably 30,000 or less.
• the weight average molecular weight can be determined by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method, and specifically, can be determined by the method described in Examples described later.
• the acid value of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is preferably 20 to 200 mgKOH / g, more preferably 30 mgKOH / g or more, further preferably 40 mgKOH / g or more, and 180 mgKOH / g or less. It is more preferable that the amount is 160 mgKOH / g or less.
• the acid value can be determined by a neutralization titration method using a KOH solution.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer has a double bond in the side chain.
• the double bond equivalent of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer is preferably 300 to 30,000 g / equivalent.
• the double bond equivalent is more preferably 400 g / equivalent or more, further preferably 420 g / equivalent or more, and the reactivity to light and heat. It is more preferably 3000 g / equivalent or less, and further preferably 2000 g / equivalent or less.
• the double bond equivalent is the mass of the solid content of the polymer solution per 1 mol of the double bond of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer.
• the double bond equivalent can be obtained by dividing the mass (g) of the resin solid content of the polymer solution by the double bond amount (mol) of the polymer. It can also be measured using various analyses such as titration and elemental analysis, NMR and IR, and differential scanning calorimetry. For example, it may be calculated by measuring the number of ethylenic double bonds contained in 1 g of the polymer according to the test method of the raw material as described in JIS K0070: 1992.
• the above-mentioned N-substituted maleimide-based polymer can be further combined with a polymerizable compound to obtain a curable resin composition. Since the curable resin composition contains the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer, it is possible to provide a cured product in which coloration due to heat is suppressed. Further, by further containing a polymerizable compound, various physical properties such as curability of the resin composition, mechanical strength of the cured product, and solvent resistance can be improved. Such a curable resin composition containing the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer and the polymerizable compound is also one of the present inventions. The curable resin composition of the present invention can also be suitably used as a photosensitive resin composition.
• the content of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer in the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the intended use, blending of other components, etc., but for example, a curable resin.
• the total solid content of the composition is preferably 5 to 90% by mass, more preferably 10 to 80% by mass, still more preferably 15 to 70% by mass, based on 100% by mass of the total solid content.
• the "total solid content” means the total amount of the components forming the cured product (components excluding the solvent and the like that volatilize during the formation of the cured product).
• the polymerizable compound is also referred to as a polymerizable unsaturated bond (also referred to as a polymerizable unsaturated group) that can be polymerized by irradiation with active energy rays such as free radicals, electromagnetic waves (for example, infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, etc.) and electron beams. ),
• active energy rays such as free radicals, electromagnetic waves (for example, infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, etc.) and electron beams.
• a monofunctional compound having one polymerizable unsaturated group in the molecule or a polyfunctional compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups.
• Examples of the monofunctional compound include N-substituted maleimide-based monomers; (meth) acrylic acid esters; (meth) acrylamides; unsaturated monocarboxylic acids; unsaturated polyvalent carboxylic acids; unsaturated groups and carboxyls. Unsaturated monocarboxylic acids with chain extensions between groups; unsaturated acid anhydrides; aromatic vinyls; conjugated dienes; vinyl esters; vinyl ethers; N-vinyl compounds; unsaturated isocyanates; etc. Can be mentioned. These include the same compounds as those mentioned as the monomer component of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer. Further, a monomer having an active methylene group or an active methine group can also be used.
• polyfunctional compound examples include the following compounds. Ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, cyclohexanedimethanol Bifunctional (meth) acrylate compounds such as di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A alkylene oxide di (meth) acrylate, and bisphenol F alkylene oxide di (meth) acrylate;
• a trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylate compound such as a modified product of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate represented by.
• Ethylene glycol divinyl ether diethylene glycol divinyl ether, polyethylene glycol divinyl ether, propylene glycol divinyl ether, butylene glycol divinyl ether, hexanediol divinyl ether, bisphenol A alkylene oxide divinyl ether, bisphenol F alkylene oxide divinyl ether, trimetyl propanetrivinyl ether, ditri Methylolpropan tetravinyl ether, glycerin trivinyl ether, pentaerythritol tetravinyl ether, dipentaerythritol pentavinyl ether, dipentaerythritol hexavinyl ether, ethylene oxide-added trimethylol propanetrivinyl ether, ethylene oxide-added ditrimethylol propanetetravinyl ether, ethylene oxide-added pentaerythritol tetravin
• Ethylene glycol diallyl ether diethylene glycol diallyl ether, polyethylene glycol diallyl ether, propylene glycol diallyl ether, butylene glycol diallyl ether, hexanediol diallyl ether, bisphenol A alkylene oxide diallyl ether, bisphenol Falkylene oxide diallyl ether, trimethyl propantriallyl ether, Ditrimethylol propanetetraallyl ether, glycerin triallyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraallyl ether, dipentaerythritol pentaallyl ether, dipentaerythritol hexaallyl ether, ethylene oxide-added trimethylol propanetriallyl ether, ethylene oxide-added ditrimethylol propanetetraallyl ether, Polyfunctional allyl ethers such as ethylene oxide-added pentaerythritol tetraallyl ether and ethylene
• Allyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid esters such as allyl (meth) acrylate; tri (acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate, tri (methacryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate, alkylene oxide-added tri (acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate, alkylene Polyfunctional (meth) acryloyl group-containing isocyanurates such as oxide-added tri (methacryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate; polyfunctional allyl group-containing isocyanurates such as triallyl isocyanurate; tolylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, etc.
• Polyfunctional urethane (meth) acrylates obtained by reacting the polyfunctional isocyanate of (meth) with hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid esters such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate; Polyfunctional aromatic vinyls such as divinylbenzene; etc.
• the functional number of the polyfunctional polymerizable compound is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 4 or more.
• the functional number is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 8 or less.
• the molecular weight of the polymerizable compound is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2000 or less from the viewpoint of handling.
• a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compound a polyfunctional urethane (meth) acrylate compound, and a (meth) acryloyl group-containing isocia are used from the viewpoints of reactivity, economy, availability, and the like.
• Compounds having a (meth) acryloyl group such as a nurate compound, are preferable, and polyfunctional (meth) acrylate compounds are more preferable.
• the curable resin composition becomes more excellent in photosensitivity and curability, and a cured product having even higher hardness and high transparency can be obtained.
• the polyfunctional polymerizable compound it is more preferable to use a trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylate compound.
• the above-mentioned polymerizable compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• the content of the polymerizable compound in the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be appropriately set. For example, with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content of the curable resin composition of the present invention. It is preferably 5 to 95% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass or more, further preferably 15% by mass or more, still more preferably 85% by mass or less, and 80% by mass or less. Is more preferable.
• the curable resin composition of the present invention may further contain a photopolymerization initiator.
• a photopolymerization initiator By including the photopolymerization initiator, the curability of the curable resin composition can be improved, and the performance of the obtained cured product can be improved.
• the photopolymerization initiator used in the present invention preferably includes a radically polymerizable photopolymerization initiator.
• the radically polymerizable photoinitiator is one that generates a polymerization initiating radical by irradiation with an active energy ray such as an electromagnetic wave or an electron beam.
• the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and for example, an alkylphenone-based compound, a benzophenone-based compound, a benzoin-based compound, a thioxanthone-based compound, a halomethylated triazine-based compound, a halomethylated oxadiazole-based compound, and a biimidazole-based compound.
• Oxym ester compounds, oxime ether compounds, titanosen compounds, benzoic acid ester compounds, aclysin compounds and other known photopolymerization initiators can be used.
• the photopolymerization initiator it is preferable to use an alkylphenone-based compound, an oxime ester-based compound, or an oxime ether-based compound, and 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopro.
• Alkylphenones such as pan-1-one ("IRGACURE907", manufactured by BASF), 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1 ("IRGACURE369", manufactured by BASF), etc.
• the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, and may be appropriately set.
• the solid content of the sex resin composition is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 20% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total solid content. More preferred.
• one or more photosensitizers, photoradical polymerization accelerators and the like may be used in combination. Sensitivity and curability are further improved by using a photosensitizer and / or a photoradical polymerization accelerator in combination with the photopolymerization initiator.
• the photosensitizer and photoradical polymerization accelerator include dye compounds such as xanthene dyes, coumarin dyes, 3-ketocoumarin compounds, and pyrromethene dyes; ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate and 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid.
• Dialkylaminobenzene compounds such as 2-ethylhexyl
• mercaptan hydrogen donors such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole
• the amount of these used can be appropriately set from a known method.
• the curable resin composition of the present invention may further contain other components, if necessary.
• the other components include a solvent; a coloring material; a dispersant; an antioxidant; a heat resistance improver; a leveling agent; a developing aid; a quantum dot particle; an inorganic fine particle such as zirconia and silica fine particles; a silane type and an aluminum type.
• Titanium-based coupling agents Fillers, epoxy resins, phenol resins, polyvinylphenols and other thermosetting resins; curing aids such as polyfunctional thiol compounds; plasticizers; polymerization inhibitors; ultraviolet absorbers; matting agents Antifoaming agents; antistatic agents; slip agents; surface modifiers; rocking agents; rocking aids; quinonediazide compounds; polyhydric phenol compounds; acid generators; etc.
• curing aids such as polyfunctional thiol compounds
• plasticizers plasticizers
• polymerization inhibitors ultraviolet absorbers
• matting agents Antifoaming agents; antistatic agents; slip agents; surface modifiers; rocking agents; rocking aids; quinonediazide compounds; polyhydric phenol compounds; acid generators; etc.
• These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
• These components may be appropriately selected from known components and used, and the amount used thereof can also be appropriately set.
• the method for preparing the curable resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known method may be used. Can be mentioned.
• the mixing and dispersing method is not particularly limited, and a known method may be used. In addition, other steps that are usually performed may be further included.
• the curable resin composition contains a coloring material, it is preferable to prepare a dispersion solution of the coloring material in advance and then mix the dispersion solution with the contained components.
• the dispersion solution of the coloring material can be obtained by mixing the coloring material, the dispersant and the solvent and dispersing them using a known disperser such as a bead mill, a roll mill, a ball mill, a jet mill, a homogenizer, a kneader, or a blender. can. If necessary, the obtained curable resin composition may be filtered with a filter or the like to remove fine dust in the composition.
• a known disperser such as a bead mill, a roll mill, a ball mill, a jet mill, a homogenizer, a kneader, or a blender.
• the obtained curable resin composition may be filtered with a filter or the like to remove fine dust in the composition.
• the curable resin composition of the present invention is, for example, coated on a base material or molded into an arbitrary shape according to the composition, purpose, and application of the curable resin composition, and the coated product or molded product thereof. Can be cured by heating and / or irradiating with active energy rays to obtain a cured product.
• the above coating and molding methods can be carried out by known methods. Further, the heating and irradiation with active energy rays can be appropriately selected from known methods according to the composition of the curable resin composition and the like. Examples of the active energy ray include ultraviolet rays and electron beams, and among them, ultraviolet rays are preferable.
• the heating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a heating method at 180 to 280 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes, preferably 210 to 250 ° C. for 10 to 60 minutes.
• N-substituted maleimide-based polymer of the present invention and the curable resin composition containing the polymer can give a cured product in which thermal coloring is suppressed. Therefore, the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer and the curable resin composition of the present invention can be suitably used for applications in which suppression of thermal coloring is desired. Specific examples of the above applications include color filters, black matrices, photo spacers, and black column spacers used in liquid crystal / organic EL / quantum dot / micro LED liquid crystal display devices, solid-state image sensors, touch panel display devices, and the like. , Ink, printing plate, printed wiring board, semiconductor element, photoresist, insulating film and other optical members and electrical / electronic members; automobile parts; paints and the like.
• the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution was diluted 100-fold with THF to prepare a sample for measurement, and the amount of residual chlorine in the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer was determined by measuring under the following conditions. rice field. Equipment: ICP-MS Agilent 7700x, manufactured by Agilent Technologies Mass scan speed: 5000 amu / s Regarding the amount of residual chlorine with respect to the total amount of N-substituted maleimide and glycidyl methacrylate, the value of the amount of residual chlorine measured above was used for the synthesis with respect to the total amount of the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution. -Determined by dividing by the value of the total mass ratio of substituted maleimide and glycidyl methacrylate.
• ⁇ Acid value> 1.5 g of the polymer solution was precisely weighed, dissolved in a mixed solvent of 90 g of acetone and 10 g of water, and titrated with a 0.1 N aqueous KOH solution. The titration was carried out using an automatic titrator (trade name: COM-555, manufactured by Hiranuma Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and the acid value per 1 g of the polymer was determined from the polymer concentration (mgKOH / g).
• glycidyl methacrylate Purification of glycidyl methacrylate (Preparation Example 1)
• Commercially available glycidyl methacrylate manufactured by NOF CORPORATION
• was washed with water in a decanter the oil was separated by a separating funnel, and dried and dehydrated with silica gel until the water content became 500 ppm or less.
• precision distillation was performed at 64-66 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 800 Pa using a glass vacuum distillation apparatus having a 10-stage theoretical plate rectification column equipped with a filler, and 200 ppm of methquinone as a polymerization inhibitor was added for purification.
• Glysidyl methacrylate A was obtained.
• the amount of chlorine contained in the obtained purified glycidyl methacrylate A was measured and found to be 0.2% by mass.
• the amount of chlorine contained in glycidyl methacrylate (commercially available) before purification was measured and found to be 0.5% by mass.
• the amount of chlorine contained in glycidyl methacrylate was measured by the same method as the amount of residual chlorine in the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer described above.
• Preparation Example 2 The purified glycidyl methacrylate A obtained in Preparation Example 1 was washed with water again with a decanter, the oil content was separated by a separating funnel, dehydrated and dried with silica gel, and then precision distilled by the same method as in Preparation Example 1. 200 ppm of methquinone was added to obtain purified glycidyl methacrylate B. The amount of chlorine contained in the obtained purified glycidyl methacrylate B (refined product B) was measured and found to be 0.1% by mass.
• Example 1 347.9 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) and 156.8 g of propylene glycol (PGM) were charged in a 2 L separable flask, substituted with nitrogen, and the temperature was raised to 90 ° C.
• PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
• PGM propylene glycol
• BzMI N-benzylmaleimide
• CHMA cyclohexyl methacrylate
• MMA methyl methacrylate
• MAA methacrylic acid
• the ratio of the total amount of BzMI and glycidyl methacrylate used to the total liquid amount is It is 12.22%.
• the weight average molecular weight, polymer concentration, acid value, double bond equivalent, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods.
• the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that N-cyclohexylmaleimide was used instead of N-benzylmaleimide in Example 1 to obtain an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 2.
• N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 2 the weight average molecular weight, polymer concentration, acid value, double bond equivalent, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods.
• the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 3 In Example 1, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the purified glycidyl methacrylate B (refined product B) obtained in Preparation Example 2 was used instead of the purified glycidyl methacrylate A (refined product A). , N-substituted maleimide-containing resin solution 3 was obtained. With respect to the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 3, the weight average molecular weight, polymer concentration, acid value, double bond equivalent, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods. Moreover, the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 4 In a 2 L separable flask, 312.8 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) and 83.2 g of propylene glycol (PGM) were charged, substituted with nitrogen, and the temperature was raised to 90 ° C. On the other hand, in the dropping tank, 36.0 g of N-benzylmaleimide (BzMI), 95.04 g of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA), 108.96 g of acrylic acid (AA), 115.2 g of PGMEA, 28.8 g of PGM, and a polymerization initiator (perbutyl (registered)).
• Example 5 522.0 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) was charged in a 2 L separable flask, substituted with nitrogen, and the temperature was raised to 90 ° C. On the other hand, 43.6 g of N-benzylmaleimide (BzMI), 66.9 g of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA), 123.8 g of the purified glycidyl methacrylate (refined product B) obtained in Preparation Example 2, and 100.0 g of PGMEA in the dropping tank.
• BzMI N-benzylmaleimide
• BzMA benzyl methacrylate
• BzMA purified glycidyl methacrylate
• N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 5 the weight average molecular weight, polymer concentration, acid value, double bond equivalent, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods. Moreover, the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 6 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that N-benzylmaleimide (BzMI) was changed to 6.7 g and cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) was changed to 223.78 g to obtain an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 6. .. With respect to the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 6, the weight average molecular weight, polymer concentration, acid value, double bond equivalent, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods. Moreover, the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 7 The same operation as in Example 3 was carried out except that N-benzylmaleimide (BzMI) was changed to 6.7 g and phenylmaleimide (PMI) was changed to 60.3 g to obtain an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 7.
• BzMI N-benzylmaleimide
• PMI phenylmaleimide
• 60.3 g N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 7.
• the weight average molecular weight, polymer concentration, acid value, double bond equivalent, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods.
• the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 1 In Example 1, the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that unpurified glycidyl methacrylate (commercially available product) was used instead of purified glycidyl methacrylate A, and an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution was used. 8 was obtained. With respect to the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 8, the weight average molecular weight, acid value, double bond equivalent, polymer concentration, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods. Moreover, the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 2 In Example 4, the same operation as in Example 4 was carried out except that unpurified glycidyl methacrylate (commercially available product) was used instead of purified glycidyl methacrylate B, and an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution was used. I got 9. With respect to the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 9, the weight average molecular weight, acid value, double bond equivalent, polymer concentration, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods. Moreover, the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 7 (Comparative Example 3) In Example 7, the same operation as in Example 7 was carried out except that unpurified glycidyl methacrylate (commercially available product) was used instead of purified glycidyl methacrylate B, and an N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution was used. 10 was obtained. With respect to the obtained N-substituted maleimide-based polymer solution 10, the weight average molecular weight, acid value, double bond equivalent, polymer concentration, residual chlorine amount, and epichlorohydrin amount of the polymer were measured by the above methods. Moreover, the heat resistance was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
• the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by using glycidyl (meth) acrylate adjusted to have a chlorine content of 0.01 to 0.3% by mass has a chlorine content of 0. It was found that the heat resistance was excellent and the thermal coloring during curing was significantly suppressed as compared with the N-substituted maleimide-based polymer obtained by using glycidyl (meth) acrylate obtained in an amount of more than 3% by mass. rice field.

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