WO2020130141A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020130141A1 WO2020130141A1 PCT/JP2019/050173 JP2019050173W WO2020130141A1 WO 2020130141 A1 WO2020130141 A1 WO 2020130141A1 JP 2019050173 W JP2019050173 W JP 2019050173W WO 2020130141 A1 WO2020130141 A1 WO 2020130141A1
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- H10D12/461—Vertical IGBTs having non-planar surfaces, e.g. having trenches, recesses or pillars in the surfaces of the emitter, base or collector regions
- H10D12/481—Vertical IGBTs having non-planar surfaces, e.g. having trenches, recesses or pillars in the surfaces of the emitter, base or collector regions having gate structures on slanted surfaces, on vertical surfaces, or in grooves, e.g. trench gate IGBTs
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- H10D30/694—IGFETs having charge trapping gate insulators, e.g. MNOS transistors characterised by the shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the gate electrodes
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- H10D62/149—Source or drain regions of field-effect devices
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- H10D64/311—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices
- H10D64/411—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices for FETs
- H10D64/511—Gate electrodes for field-effect devices for FETs for IGFETs
- H10D64/512—Disposition of the gate electrodes, e.g. buried gates
- H10D64/513—Disposition of the gate electrodes, e.g. buried gates within recesses in the substrate, e.g. trench gates, groove gates or buried gates
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device including an insulated gate transistor.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a planar gate type semiconductor device as an example of a semiconductor device including an insulated gate type transistor.
- This semiconductor device has a semiconductor layer having a main surface, a gate insulating layer formed on the main surface, a gate electrode formed on the gate insulating layer, and a gate insulating layer sandwiched between surface layers of the semiconductor layer. And a channel facing the gate electrode.
- a semiconductor device including an insulated gate transistor may be connected to an inductive load as an example of a usage mode.
- excellent on-resistance and excellent active clamp resistance are required as electrical characteristics.
- the on-resistance is the resistance value of the semiconductor device during normal operation.
- the active clamp resistance is the resistance of the transistor during the active clamp operation.
- the active clamp tolerance is the tolerance of the transistor against the counter electromotive force that is generated due to the energy stored in the inductive load when the transistor transits from the on state to the off state.
- the active clamp operation is one operation of the transistor when the counter electromotive force is consumed (absorbed) by the transistor.
- the on-resistance and the active clamp resistance are adjusted by the area of the channel of the transistor as an example.
- the area of the channel is increased, the current path can be increased during the normal operation, so that the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the active clamp resistance decreases due to a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a semiconductor device that can achieve both excellent on-resistance and excellent active clamp resistance.
- a semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type first transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type second transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, the first transistor and the It is formed on the semiconductor layer so as to be electrically connected to the second transistor, controls the first transistor and the second transistor to be in an ON state during a normal operation, and turns off the first transistor during an active clamp operation.
- the current can be made to flow by using the first transistor and the second transistor.
- the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the current can be supplied using the second transistor while the first transistor is stopped.
- the back electromotive force can be consumed (absorbed) by the second transistor while suppressing a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force.
- the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, excellent on-resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved at the same time.
- a semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type first transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type second transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, the first transistor and the It is formed in the semiconductor layer so as to be electrically connected to the second transistor, controls the first transistor and the second transistor to be in an ON state during a normal operation, and turns the first transistor into an OFF state during an active clamp operation. And a control circuit for controlling the second transistor to be turned on.
- the current can be made to flow by using the first transistor and the second transistor.
- the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the current can be supplied using the second transistor while the first transistor is stopped.
- the back electromotive force can be consumed (absorbed) by the second transistor while suppressing a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force.
- the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, excellent on-resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved at the same time.
- One embodiment of the present invention is an insulated gate type first transistor including a semiconductor layer and a first channel, the insulated gate type first transistor being formed in the semiconductor layer, and a second channel being formed in the semiconductor layer.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel increase relatively.
- the current path is relatively increased, so that the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel decrease relatively.
- a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force can be suppressed, so that the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, both excellent ON resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved.
- One embodiment of the present invention is an insulated gate type first transistor including a semiconductor layer and a first channel, the insulated gate type first transistor being formed in the semiconductor layer, and a second channel being formed in the semiconductor layer.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel during the active clamp operation are there is provided a semiconductor device, comprising: a control circuit that controls the first transistor and the second transistor so that the utilization rate of the first channel and the second channel exceeds zero and is less than the utilization rate of the first channel and the second channel during normal operation.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel increase relatively.
- the current path is relatively increased, so that the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel decrease relatively.
- a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force can be suppressed, so that the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, both excellent ON resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram showing an electrical structure of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for explaining a normal operation and an active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of main electric signals applied to the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the region V shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view with the electrodes removed from FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view in which the structure above the semiconductor layer is removed from FIG. 6, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a form including the channel structure according to the first form example.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram showing an electrical structure of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the semiconductor layer shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a region including the first trench gate structure and the second trench gate structure shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first trench gate structure shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second trench gate structure shown in FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a form including a channel structure according to a second form example.
- 12B is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a configuration including the channel structure according to the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a region including the first trench gate structure and the second trench gate structure shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first trench gate structure shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a graph obtained by actually measuring the relationship between the active clamp resistance and the sheet resistivity.
- FIG. 14A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 15A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a second control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 15B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1.
- 16 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG.
- FIG. 17A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 17B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 16.
- 18A is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a third control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 19B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the third control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device according to the third embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- 21 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the region XXI shown in FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional perspective view of FIG. 21 with the electrodes removed.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional perspective view in which the structure above the semiconductor layer is removed from FIG.
- FIG. 24A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 24B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 21, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the semiconductor device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a sectional perspective view in which the structure above the semiconductor layer is removed from FIG. 27A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 27B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 25 and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 29B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 30A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 30B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 31 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a sectional perspective view showing a semiconductor device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- 32A is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the normal operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 32B is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, showing a semiconductor device according to a seventh exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 34A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 33.
- 34B is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 35 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a partially cutaway sectional perspective view showing a semiconductor device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 36A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 35.
- FIG. 36B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 35.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- 38 is a block circuit diagram showing an electrical structure of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 39 is a circuit diagram for explaining a normal operation and an active clamp operation of the semiconductor device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 40 is a waveform diagram of main electric signals applied to the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 39.
- FIG. 41 is a perspective view showing the semiconductor package through the sealing resin. 42 is a plan view of FIG. 41.
- FIG. 43 is a plan view showing a part of the circuit module according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 44 is a plan view showing a part of the circuit module according to the second embodiment.
- 45 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG.
- FIG. 26 is a sectional perspective view showing a modified example of the semiconductor device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 46 is a plan view showing the main part of the semiconductor layer shown in FIG. 45.
- FIG. 49 is a circuit diagram showing one configuration example of the gate control circuit and the active clamp circuit in FIG. 47.
- FIG. 50 is a timing chart showing how the first Half-ON control of the power MISFET is performed during the active clamp operation when the semiconductor device is the high side switch.
- FIG. 54 is a timing chart showing how the first Half-ON control of the power MISFET is performed during the active clamp operation when the semiconductor device is the low side switch.
- FIG. 55 is a diagram showing a startup behavior when a capacitive load is connected.
- FIG. 56 is a diagram showing power consumption when a capacitive load is connected.
- FIG. 58 is a diagram showing an example of three-mode control.
- FIG. 59 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an overcurrent protection circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- the semiconductor device 1 is a high-side switching device
- the semiconductor device 1 is not limited to the high-side switching device.
- the semiconductor device 1 can be provided as a low-side switching device by adjusting the electrical connection form and function of various structures.
- a semiconductor device 1 includes a semiconductor layer 2.
- the semiconductor layer 2 contains silicon.
- the semiconductor layer 2 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped chip shape.
- the semiconductor layer 2 has a first main surface 3 on one side, a second main surface 4 on the other side, and side surfaces 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D connecting the first main surface 3 and the second main surface 4. ing.
- the first main surface 3 and the second main surface 4 are formed in a quadrangular shape in a plan view (hereinafter simply referred to as “plan view”) viewed from their normal direction Z.
- the side surface 5A and the side surface 5C extend along the first direction X and face each other in the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X.
- the side surface 5B and the side surface 5D extend along the second direction Y and face each other in the first direction X.
- the second direction Y is specifically orthogonal to the first direction X.
- the semiconductor layer 2 is divided into an output area 6 and an input area 7.
- the output area 6 is divided into areas on the side surface 5C side.
- the input area 7 is divided into areas on the side surface 5A side.
- the area SOUT of the output region 6 is equal to or larger than the area SIN of the input region 7 (SIN ⁇ SOUT).
- the ratio SOUT/SIN of the area SOUT to the area SIN may be 1 or more and 10 or less (1 ⁇ SOUT/SIN ⁇ 10).
- the ratio SOUT/SIN may be 1 or more and 2 or less, 2 or more and 4 or less, 4 or more and 6 or less, 6 or more and 8 or less, or 8 or more and 10 or less.
- the planar shape of the input area 7 and the planar shape of the output area 6 are arbitrary and are not limited to particular shapes. Of course, the ratio SOUT/SIN may be more than 0 and less than 1.
- the output region 6 includes a power MISFET (Metal Insulator Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) 9 as an example of an insulated gate transistor.
- the power MISFET 9 includes a gate, a drain and a source.
- the input area 7 includes a control IC (Integrated Circuit) 10 as an example of a control circuit.
- the control IC 10 includes a plurality of types of functional circuits that realize various functions.
- the plurality of types of functional circuits include a circuit that generates a gate control signal that drives and controls the power MISFET 9 based on an electric signal from the outside.
- the control IC 10 forms a so-called IPD (Intelligent Power Device) together with the power MISFET 9.
- IPD is also called IPM (Intelligent Power Module).
- the input area 7 is electrically insulated from the output area 6 by the area separation structure 8.
- the area separation structure 8 is shown by hatching. Although the specific description is omitted, the region isolation structure 8 may have a trench insulating structure in which an insulator is embedded in the trench.
- a plurality of (six in this embodiment) electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 are formed on the semiconductor layer 2.
- a plurality of electrodes 11 to 16 are shown by hatching.
- the plurality of electrodes 11 to 16 are formed as terminal electrodes that are externally connected by conducting wires (eg, bonding wires) or the like.
- the number, arrangement, and planar shape of the plurality of electrodes 11 to 16 are arbitrary and are not limited to the form shown in FIG.
- the plurality of electrodes 11 to 16 include a drain electrode 11 (power supply electrode), a source electrode 12 (output electrode), an input electrode 13, a reference voltage electrode 14, an ENABLE electrode 15, and a SENSE electrode 16.
- the drain electrode 11 is formed on the second main surface 4 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the drain electrode 11 is electrically connected to the second main surface 4 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the drain electrode 11 transmits the power supply voltage VB to the drain of the power MISFET 9 and various circuits of the control IC 10.
- the drain electrode 11 may include at least one of Ti layer, Ni layer, Au layer, Ag layer, and Al layer.
- the drain electrode 11 may have a single layer structure including a Ti layer, a Ni layer, an Au layer, an Ag layer or an Al layer.
- the drain electrode 11 may have a laminated structure in which at least two of Ti layer, Ni layer, Au layer, Ag layer, and Al layer are laminated in an arbitrary manner.
- the source electrode 12 is formed on the output region 6 on the first main surface 3.
- the source electrode 12 is electrically connected to the source of the power MISFET 9.
- the source electrode 12 transmits the electric signal generated by the power MISFET 9 to the outside.
- the input electrode 13, the reference voltage electrode 14, the ENABLE electrode 15, and the SENSE electrode 16 are formed on the input region 7 on the first main surface 3, respectively.
- the input electrode 13 transmits an input voltage for driving the control IC 10.
- the reference voltage electrode 14 transmits a reference voltage (eg, ground voltage) to the control IC 10.
- the ENABLE electrode 15 transmits an electric signal for enabling or disabling a part or all of the functions of the control IC 10.
- the SENSE electrode 16 transmits an electric signal for detecting an abnormality in the control IC 10.
- the gate control wiring 17 as an example of the control wiring is further formed on the semiconductor layer 2.
- the gate control wiring 17 is selectively routed to the output region 6 and the input region 7.
- the gate control wiring 17 is electrically connected to the gate of the power MISFET 9 in the output region 6 and electrically connected to the control IC 10 in the input region 7.
- the gate control wiring 17 transmits the gate control signal generated by the control IC 10 to the gate of the power MISFET 9.
- the gate control signal includes an ON signal Von and an OFF signal Voff, and controls the ON state and the OFF state of the power MISFET 9.
- the ON signal Von is equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth of the power MISFET 9 (Vth ⁇ Von).
- the off signal Voff is less than the gate threshold voltage Vth of the power MISFET 9 (Voff ⁇ Vth).
- the off signal Voff may be a reference voltage (eg, ground voltage).
- the gate control wiring 17 includes a first gate control wiring 17A, a second gate control wiring 17B and a third gate control wiring 17C.
- the first gate control wiring 17A, the second gate control wiring 17B, and the third gate control wiring 17C are electrically insulated from each other.
- the two first gate control wirings 17A are routed to different areas. Further, the two second gate control lines 17B are routed to different regions. Also, the two third gate control wirings 17C are routed to different regions.
- the first gate control wiring 17A, the second gate control wiring 17B, and the third gate control wiring 17C transmit the same or different gate control signals to the gate of the power MISFET 9.
- the number, arrangement, shape, etc. of the gate control wirings 17 are arbitrary, and are adjusted according to the transmission distance of the gate control signals and the number of gate control signals to be transmitted.
- the source electrode 12, the input electrode 13, the reference voltage electrode 14, the ENABLE electrode 15, the SENSE electrode 16 and the gate control wiring 17 each include at least one of nickel, palladium, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy and a copper alloy. You may stay.
- the source electrode 12, the input electrode 13, the reference voltage electrode 14, the ENABLE electrode 15, the SENSE electrode 16 and the gate control wiring 17 are made of an Al-Si-Cu (aluminum-silicon-copper) alloy or an Al-Si (aluminum-silicon) alloy. , And at least one of an Al—Cu (aluminum-copper) alloy.
- the source electrode 12, the input electrode 13, the reference voltage electrode 14, the ENABLE electrode 15, the SENSE electrode 16 and the gate control wiring 17 may contain the same kind of electrode material or may contain different electrode materials. ..
- FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram showing the electrical structure of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor device 1 is mounted in a vehicle will be described as an example.
- the semiconductor device 1 includes a drain electrode 11, a source electrode 12, an input electrode 13, a reference voltage electrode 14, an ENABLE electrode 15, a SENSE electrode 16, a gate control wiring 17, a power MISFET 9 and a control IC 10.
- the drain electrode 11 is connected to the power supply.
- the drain electrode 11 provides the power supply voltage VB to the power MISFET 9 and the control IC 10.
- the power supply voltage VB may be 10V or more and 20V or less.
- the source electrode 12 is connected to the load.
- the input electrode 13 may be connected to an MCU (Micro Controller Unit), a DC/DC converter, an LDO (Low Drop Out), or the like.
- the input electrode 13 provides an input voltage to the control IC 10.
- the input voltage may be 1 V or more and 10 V or less.
- the reference voltage electrode 14 is connected to the reference voltage wiring.
- the reference voltage electrode 14 provides a reference voltage to the power MISFET 9 and the control IC 10.
- the ENABLE electrode 15 may be connected to the MCU. An electric signal for enabling or disabling a part or all of the functions of the control IC 10 is input to the ENABLE electrode 15.
- the SENSE electrode 16 may be connected to a resistor.
- the gate of the power MISFET 9 is connected to the control IC 10 (gate control circuit 25 described later) via the gate control wiring 17.
- the drain of the power MISFET 9 is connected to the drain electrode 11.
- the source of the power MISFET 9 is connected to the control IC 10 (current detection circuit 27 described later) and the source electrode 12.
- the control IC 10 includes a sensor MISFET 21, an input circuit 22, a current/voltage control circuit 23, a protection circuit 24, a gate control circuit 25, an active clamp circuit 26, a current detection circuit 27, a power supply reverse connection protection circuit 28, and an abnormality detection circuit 29. ..
- the gate of the sensor MISFET 21 is connected to the gate control circuit 25.
- the drain of the sensor MISFET 21 is connected to the drain electrode 11.
- the source of the sensor MISFET 21 is connected to the current detection circuit 27.
- the input circuit 22 is connected to the input electrode 13 and the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the input circuit 22 may include a Schmitt trigger circuit.
- the input circuit 22 shapes the waveform of the electric signal applied to the input electrode 13.
- the signal generated by the input circuit 22 is input to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 is connected to the protection circuit 24, the gate control circuit 25, the power supply reverse connection protection circuit 28, and the abnormality detection circuit 29.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 may include a logic circuit.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 generates various voltages according to the electric signal from the input circuit 22 and the electric signal from the protection circuit 24.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 includes a drive voltage generation circuit 30, a first constant voltage generation circuit 31, a second constant voltage generation circuit 32, and a reference voltage/reference current generation circuit 33.
- the drive voltage generation circuit 30 generates a drive voltage for driving the gate control circuit 25.
- the drive voltage may be set to a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the power supply voltage VB.
- the drive voltage generation circuit 30 may generate a drive voltage of 5 V or more and 15 V or less, which is obtained by subtracting 5 V from the power supply voltage VB.
- the drive voltage is input to the gate control circuit 25.
- the first constant voltage generation circuit 31 generates a first constant voltage for driving the protection circuit 24.
- the first constant voltage generation circuit 31 may include a zener diode or a regulator circuit (here, a zener diode).
- the first constant voltage may be 1 V or more and 5 V or less.
- the first constant voltage is input to the protection circuit 24 (specifically, the load open detection circuit 35 and the like described later).
- the second constant voltage generation circuit 32 generates a second constant voltage for driving the protection circuit 24.
- the second constant voltage generation circuit 32 may include a Zener diode and a regulator circuit (here, a regulator circuit).
- the second constant voltage may be 1 V or more and 5 V or less.
- the second constant voltage is input to the protection circuit 24 (specifically, the overheat protection circuit 36 and the low voltage malfunction suppression circuit 37 described later).
- the reference voltage/reference current generation circuit 33 generates reference voltages and reference currents for various circuits.
- the reference voltage may be 1 V or more and 5 V or less.
- the reference current may be 1 mA or more and 1 A or less.
- the reference voltage and the reference current are input to various circuits. When various circuits include a comparator, the reference voltage and the reference current may be input to the comparator.
- the protection circuit 24 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23, the gate control circuit 25, the abnormality detection circuit 29, the source of the power MISFET 9, and the source of the sensor MISFET 21.
- the protection circuit 24 includes an overcurrent protection circuit 34, a load open detection circuit 35, an overheat protection circuit 36, and a low voltage malfunction suppression circuit 37.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 protects the power MISFET 9 from overcurrent.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 is connected to the gate control circuit 25 and the source of the sensor MISFET 21.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 may include a current monitor circuit.
- the signal generated by the overcurrent protection circuit 34 is input to the gate control circuit 25 (specifically, the drive signal output circuit 40 described later).
- the load open detection circuit 35 detects a short circuit state or an open state of the load.
- the load open detection circuit 35 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23 and the source of the power MISFET 9.
- the signal generated by the load open detection circuit 35 is input to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 monitors the temperature of the power MISFET 9 and protects the power MISFET 9 from an excessive temperature rise.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 may include a temperature sensitive device such as a temperature sensitive diode or a thermistor.
- the signal generated by the overheat protection circuit 36 is input to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the low voltage malfunction suppression circuit 37 suppresses malfunction of the power MISFET 9 when the power supply voltage VB is less than a predetermined value.
- the low voltage malfunction suppression circuit 37 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the signal generated by the low voltage malfunction suppression circuit 37 is input to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the gate control circuit 25 controls the on/off state of the power MISFET 9 and the on/off state of the sensor MISFET 21.
- the gate control circuit 25 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23, the protection circuit 24, the gate of the power MISFET 9, and the gate of the sensor MISFET 21.
- the gate control circuit 25 generates a plurality of types of gate control signals according to the number of gate control wirings 17 according to the electric signal from the current/voltage control circuit 23 and the electric signal from the protection circuit 24.
- the plurality of types of gate control signals are respectively input to the gate of the power MISFET 9 and the gate of the sensor MISFET 21 via the gate control wiring 17.
- the gate control circuit 25 specifically includes an oscillation circuit 38, a charge pump circuit 39, and a drive signal output circuit 40.
- the oscillating circuit 38 oscillates in response to the electric signal from the current/voltage control circuit 23 to generate a predetermined electric signal.
- the electric signal generated by the oscillator circuit 38 is input to the charge pump circuit 39.
- the charge pump circuit 39 boosts the electric signal from the oscillation circuit 38.
- the electric signal boosted by the charge pump circuit 39 is input to the drive signal output circuit 40.
- the drive signal output circuit 40 generates a plurality of types of gate control signals according to the electric signal from the charge pump circuit 39 and the electric signal from the protection circuit 24 (specifically, the overcurrent protection circuit 34).
- the plurality of types of gate control signals are input to the gate of the power MISFET 9 and the gate of the sensor MISFET 21 via the gate control wiring 17.
- the sensor MISFET 21 and the power MISFET 9 are simultaneously controlled by the gate control circuit 25.
- the active clamp circuit 26 protects the power MISFET 9 from back electromotive force.
- the active clamp circuit 26 is connected to the drain electrode 11, the gate of the power MISFET 9, and the gate of the sensor MISFET 21.
- the active clamp circuit 26 may include a plurality of diodes.
- the active clamp circuit 26 may include a plurality of diodes bias-connected to each other.
- the active clamp circuit 26 may include a plurality of diodes reverse-biased with each other.
- the active clamp circuit 26 may include a plurality of diodes bias-connected to each other and a plurality of diodes reverse-biased to each other.
- the plurality of diodes may include a pn junction diode or a Zener diode, or a pn junction diode and a Zener diode.
- the active clamp circuit 26 may include a plurality of Zener diodes bias-connected to each other.
- the active clamp circuit 26 may include a Zener diode and a pn junction diode which are reverse-biased with each other.
- the current detection circuit 27 detects the current flowing through the power MISFET 9 and the sensor MISFET 21.
- the current detection circuit 27 is connected to the protection circuit 24, the abnormality detection circuit 29, the source of the power MISFET 9, and the source of the sensor MISFET 21.
- the current detection circuit 27 generates a current detection signal according to the electric signal generated by the power MISFET 9 and the electric signal generated by the sensor MISFET 21.
- the current detection signal is input to the abnormality detection circuit 29.
- the power supply reverse connection protection circuit 28 protects the current/voltage control circuit 23, the power MISFET 9 and the like from a reverse voltage when the power supply is reversely connected.
- the power supply reverse connection protection circuit 28 is connected to the reference voltage electrode 14 and the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the abnormality detection circuit 29 monitors the voltage of the protection circuit 24.
- the abnormality detection circuit 29 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23, the protection circuit 24, and the current detection circuit 27.
- an abnormality voltage fluctuation or the like
- the abnormality detection circuit 29 causes the protection circuit 24 to detect the voltage of the protection circuit 24. Generates an abnormality detection signal according to the above and outputs it to the outside.
- the abnormality detection circuit 29 specifically includes a first multiplexer circuit 41 and a second multiplexer circuit 42.
- the first multiplexer circuit 41 includes two inputs, one output and one selection control input.
- the protection circuit 24 and the current detection circuit 27 are connected to the input section of the first multiplexer circuit 41, respectively.
- the second multiplexer circuit 42 is connected to the output section of the first multiplexer circuit 41.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 is connected to the selection control input section of the first multiplexer circuit 41.
- the first multiplexer circuit 41 generates an abnormality detection signal according to the electric signal from the current/voltage control circuit 23, the voltage detection signal from the protection circuit 24, and the current detection signal from the current detection circuit 27.
- the abnormality detection signal generated by the first multiplexer circuit 41 is input to the second multiplexer circuit 42.
- the second multiplexer circuit 42 includes two input units and one output unit.
- the output section of the second multiplexer circuit 42 and the ENABLE electrode 15 are connected to the input section of the second multiplexer circuit 42, respectively.
- the SENSE electrode 16 is connected to the output section of the second multiplexer circuit 42.
- the ON signal is input from the MCU to the ENABLE electrode 15 and the abnormality detection signal is extracted from the SENSE electrode 16.
- the abnormality detection signal is converted into an electric signal by the resistor connected to the SENSE electrode 16.
- the abnormal state of the semiconductor device 1 is detected based on this electric signal.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of main electric signals of the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
- the inductive load L is connected to the power MISFET 9.
- a device using windings (coils) such as a solenoid, a motor, a transformer, and a relay is exemplified as the inductive load L.
- the inductive load L is also referred to as L load.
- the source of the power MISFET 9 is connected to the inductive load L.
- the drain of the power MISFET 9 is electrically connected to the drain electrode 11.
- the gate and drain of the power MISFET 9 are connected to the active clamp circuit 26.
- the active clamp circuit 26 includes m (m is a natural number) Zener diodes DZ and n (n is a natural number) pn junction diodes D.
- the pn junction diode D is reverse-biased with respect to the Zener diode DZ.
- the power MISFET 9 switches from the off state to the on state (normal operation).
- the ON signal Von has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth (Vth ⁇ Von).
- the power MISFET 9 is maintained in the ON state for a predetermined ON time TON.
- the drain current ID starts flowing from the drain of the power MISFET 9 toward the source.
- the drain current ID increases from zero to a predetermined value and becomes saturated.
- the inductive load L accumulates inductive energy due to the increase in the drain current ID.
- the off signal Voff When the off signal Voff is input to the gate of the power MISFET 9, the power MISFET 9 switches from the on state to the off state.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth (Voff ⁇ Vth).
- the off signal Voff may be a reference voltage (eg, ground voltage).
- the inductive energy of the inductive load L is applied to the power MISFET 9 as the counter electromotive force.
- the power MISFET 9 enters the active clamp state (active clamp operation).
- the source voltage VSS rapidly drops to a negative voltage lower than the reference voltage (ground voltage).
- the source voltage VSS is limited to a voltage equal to or higher than the voltage obtained by subtracting the limit voltage VL and the clamp-on voltage VCLP from the power supply voltage VB (VSS ⁇ VB-VL-VCLP) due to the operation of the active clamp circuit 26.
- the clamp voltage VDSSCL is limited by the power MISFET 9 and the active clamp circuit 26 to a voltage equal to or lower than the sum of the clamp-on voltage VCLP and the limit voltage VL (VDS ⁇ VCLP+VL).
- the clamp-on voltage VCLP is a positive voltage (that is, the gate voltage VGS) applied between the gate and the source of the power MISFET 9.
- the clamp-on voltage VCLP is equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth (Vth ⁇ VCLP). Therefore, the power MISFET 9 maintains the ON state in the active clamp state.
- the power MISFET 9 will be destroyed.
- the power MISFET 9 is designed so that the clamp voltage VDSSCL is equal to or lower than the maximum rated drain voltage VDSS (VDSSCL ⁇ VDSS).
- VDSSCL When the clamp voltage VDSSCL is equal to or lower than the maximum rated drain voltage VDSS (VDSSCL ⁇ VDSS), the drain current ID continues to flow from the drain to the source of the power MISFET 9, and the inductive energy of the inductive load L is consumed (absorbed) in the power MISFET 9. To be done.
- the drain current ID decreases from the peak value IAV immediately before the power MISFET 9 is turned off to zero after the active clamp time TAV.
- the gate voltage VGS becomes the reference voltage (for example, the ground voltage), and the power MISFET 9 switches from the on state to the off state.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac of the power MISFET 9 is defined by the tolerance of the power MISFET 9 during the active clamp operation.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac is specifically defined by the tolerance of the power MISFET 9 against the counter electromotive force generated due to the inductive energy of the inductive load L when the power MISFET 9 transitions from the ON state to the OFF state. ..
- the active clamp tolerance Eac is defined by the tolerance of the power MISFET 9 with respect to the energy generated due to the clamp voltage VDSSCL.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional perspective view of a region V shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional perspective view in which the source electrode 12 and the gate control wiring 17 are removed from FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view in which the interlayer insulating layer 142 is removed from FIG. 6, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a form including the channel structure according to the first form example.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the semiconductor layer 2 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a region including the first trench gate structure 60 (first gate structure) and the second trench gate structure 70 (second gate structure) shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first trench gate structure 60 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second trench gate structure 70 shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor layer 2 has a laminated structure including an n + type semiconductor substrate 51 and an n type epitaxial layer 52 in this embodiment.
- the semiconductor substrate 51 forms the second major surface 4 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the first major surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2 is formed by the epitaxial layer 52.
- the semiconductor substrate 51 and the epitaxial layer 52 form the side surfaces 5A to 5D of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the epitaxial layer 52 has an n-type impurity concentration lower than the n-type impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 51.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the semiconductor substrate 51 may be 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the epitaxial layer 52 may be 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- the epitaxial layer 52 has a thickness Tepi (Tepi ⁇ Tsub) less than the thickness Tsub of the semiconductor substrate 51.
- the thickness Tsub may be 50 ⁇ m or more and 450 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness Tsub may be 50 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less, 150 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less, 250 ⁇ m or more and 350 ⁇ m or less, or 350 ⁇ m or more and 450 ⁇ m or less.
- the resistance value can be reduced by reducing the thickness Tsub.
- the thickness Tsub is adjusted by grinding.
- the second main surface 4 of the semiconductor layer 2 may be a ground surface having grinding marks.
- the thickness Tepi of the epitaxial layer 52 is preferably 1/10 or less of the thickness Tsub.
- the thickness Tepi may be 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness Tepi may be 5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, 10 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less, or 15 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness Tepi is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the semiconductor substrate 51 is formed as the drain region 53 on the second main surface 4 side of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the epitaxial layer 52 is formed as a drift region 54 (drain drift region) on the surface layer portion of the first main surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the bottom of the drift region 54 is formed by the boundary between the semiconductor substrate 51 and the epitaxial layer 52.
- the epitaxial layer 52 will be referred to as the drift region 54.
- a p-type body region 55 is formed in the surface layer portion of the first main surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the body region 55 is a region that is a base of the power MISFET 9.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the body region 55 may be 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- the body region 55 is formed in the surface layer portion of the drift region 54.
- the bottom of body region 55 is formed in a region on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of drift region 54.
- the thickness of the body region 55 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the body region 55 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less, or 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the power MISFET 9 includes a first MISFET 56 (first transistor) and a second MISFET 57 (second transistor).
- the first MISFET 56 is electrically separated from the second MISFET 57 and is independently controlled.
- the second MISFET 57 is electrically separated from the first MISFET 56 and is controlled independently.
- the power MISFET 9 is configured to drive when both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are on (Full-ON control). Further, the power MISFET 9 is configured such that the second MISFET 57 is driven while the first MISFET 56 is in the ON state (the first Half-ON control). Further, the power MISFET 9 is configured so that the second MISFET 57 is driven while the first MISFET 56 is off (second Half-ON control).
- the power MISFET 9 In the case of Full-ON control, the power MISFET 9 is driven with all current paths open. Therefore, the on-resistance in the semiconductor layer 2 is relatively reduced. On the other hand, in the case of the first Half-ON control or the second Half-ON control, the power MISFET 9 is driven with a part of the current path cut off. Therefore, the on-resistance in the semiconductor layer 2 increases relatively.
- the first MISFET 56 specifically includes a plurality of first FET (Field Effect Transistor) structures 58.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X in a plan view, and each extends in a strip shape along the second direction Y.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 are formed in a stripe shape as a whole in a plan view.
- the region on the one end side of the first FET structure 58 is shown, and the region on the other end side of the first FET structure 58 is omitted.
- the structure of the region on the other end side of the first FET structure 58 is substantially the same as the structure of the region on the one end side of the first FET structure 58.
- the structure of the region on the one end side of the first FET structure 58 will be described as an example, and the description of the structure of the region on the other end side of the first FET structure 58 will be omitted.
- Each first FET structure 58 includes a first trench gate structure 60.
- the first width WT1 of the first trench gate structure 60 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the first width WT1 is a width in a direction (first direction X) orthogonal to a direction (second direction Y) in which the first trench gate structure 60 extends.
- the first width WT1 is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 2.5 ⁇ m or less, 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or more and 3.5 ⁇ m or less, and 3. It may be 5 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 4.5 ⁇ m or less, or 4.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the first width WT1 is preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 1.2 ⁇ m or less.
- the first trench gate structure 60 penetrates the body region 55 and reaches the drift region 54.
- the first depth DT1 of the first trench gate structure 60 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the first depth DT1 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 8 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the first depth DT1 is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less.
- the first trench gate structure 60 includes a first side wall 61 on one side, a second side wall 62 on the other side, and a bottom wall 63 connecting the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62.
- first side wall 61, the second side wall 62, and the bottom wall 63 may be collectively referred to as an “inner wall” or an “outer wall”.
- the absolute value of the angle (taper angle) formed between the first side wall 61 and the first main surface 3 in the semiconductor layer 2 may be more than 90° and 95° or less (for example, about 91°).
- the absolute value of the angle (taper angle) formed between the second side wall 62 and the first main surface 3 in the semiconductor layer 2 may be more than 90° and 95° or less (for example, about 91°).
- the first trench gate structure 60 may be formed in a tapered shape (tapered shape) in which the first width WT1 is narrowed from the first main surface 3 side toward the bottom wall 63 side in a sectional view.
- the bottom wall 63 of the first trench gate structure 60 is located in the region on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the bottom wall 63 of the first trench gate structure 60 is formed in a convex curved shape (U-shape) toward the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the bottom wall 63 of the first trench gate structure 60 is located in a region on the first main surface 3 side with a first interval IT1 of 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less with respect to the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the first interval IT1 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 8 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the first interval IT1 is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the second MISFET 57 includes a plurality of second FET structures 68 in this form.
- the plurality of second FET structures 68 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X in a plan view, and respectively extend in the strip shape along the second direction Y.
- the plurality of second FET structures 68 extend in the same direction as the plurality of first FET structures 58.
- the plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed in a stripe shape as a whole in a plan view.
- the plurality of second FET structures 68 are alternately arranged with the plurality of first FET structures 58 with one first FET structure 58 sandwiched therebetween.
- the region on the one end side of the second FET structure 68 is shown, and the region on the other end side of the second FET structure 68 is omitted.
- the structure of the region on the other end side of the second FET structure 68 is substantially the same as the structure of the region on the one end side of the second FET structure 68.
- the structure of the region on the one end side of the second FET structure 68 will be described as an example, and the description of the structure of the region on the other end side of the second FET structure 68 will be omitted.
- Each second FET structure 68 includes a second trench gate structure 70.
- the second width WT2 of the second trench gate structure 70 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the second width WT2 is the width in the direction (first direction X) orthogonal to the direction (second direction Y) in which the second trench gate structure 70 extends.
- the second width WT2 is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 2.5 ⁇ m or less, 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or more and 3.5 ⁇ m or less, and 3. It may be 5 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 4.5 ⁇ m or less, or 4.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the second width WT2 is preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 1.2 ⁇ m or less.
- the second width WT2 of the second trench gate structure 70 may be greater than or equal to the first width WT1 of the first trench gate structure 60 (WT1 ⁇ WT2).
- the second width WT2 may be less than or equal to the first width WT1 (WT1 ⁇ WT2).
- the second trench gate structure 70 penetrates the body region 55 and reaches the drift region 54.
- the second depth DT2 of the second trench gate structure 70 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the second depth DT2 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 8 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the second depth DT2 is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less.
- the second depth DT2 of the second trench gate structure 70 may be greater than or equal to the first depth DT1 of the first trench gate structure 60 (DT1 ⁇ DT2).
- the second depth DT2 may be equal to or less than the first depth DT1 (DT1 ⁇ DT2).
- the second trench gate structure 70 includes a first side wall 71 on one side, a second side wall 72 on the other side, and a bottom wall 73 connecting the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72.
- first side wall 71, the second side wall 72, and the bottom wall 73 may be collectively referred to as an “inner wall” or an “outer wall”.
- the absolute value of the angle (taper angle) formed between the first side wall 71 and the first main surface 3 in the semiconductor layer 2 may be more than 90° and 95° or less (for example, about 91°).
- the absolute value of the angle (taper angle) formed between the second side wall 72 and the first main surface 3 in the semiconductor layer 2 may be more than 90° and not more than 95° (for example, about 91°).
- the second trench gate structure 70 may be formed in a tapered shape (tapered shape) in which the second width WT2 is narrowed from the first main surface 3 side toward the bottom wall 73 side in a sectional view.
- the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70 is located in the region on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70 is formed in a convex curved shape (U shape) toward the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70 is located in a region on the first major surface 3 side with a second interval IT2 of 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less with respect to the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the second interval IT2 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 8 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the second interval IT2 is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- a cell region 75 is divided into regions between the plurality of first trench gate structures 60 and the plurality of second trench gate structures 70.
- the plurality of cell regions 75 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X in a plan view, and each extends in a strip shape along the second direction Y.
- the plurality of cell regions 75 extend in the same direction as the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70.
- the plurality of cell regions 75 are formed in a stripe shape as a whole in a plan view.
- the first depletion layer extends from the outer wall of the first trench gate structure 60 into the drift region 54.
- the first depletion layer extends from the outer wall of the first trench gate structure 60 in the direction along the first main surface 3 and in the normal direction Z.
- a second depletion layer extends from the outer wall of the second trench gate structure 70 into the drift region 54.
- the second depletion layer extends from the outer wall of the second trench gate structure 70 in the direction along the first main surface 3 and in the normal direction Z.
- the second trench gate structure 70 is arranged at a distance from the first trench gate structure 60 such that the second depletion layer overlaps the first depletion layer. That is, the second depletion layer overlaps with the first depletion layer in the region of the cell region 75 on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70. According to such a structure, it is possible to suppress the electric field from being concentrated on the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70, and thus it is possible to suppress a decrease in the breakdown voltage.
- the second depletion layer preferably overlaps the first depletion layer in a region on the bottom side of the drift region 54 with respect to the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the pitch PS between the sidewalls of the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70 may be 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the pitch PS is between the first side wall 61 (second side wall 62) of the first trench gate structure 60 and the second side wall 72 (first side wall 71) of the second trench gate structure 70. It is the distance in the direction (first direction X) orthogonal to the direction in which the second trench gate structure 70 extends (second direction Y).
- the pitch PS is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 0.4 ⁇ m or less, 0.4 ⁇ m or more and 0.6 ⁇ m or less, 0.6 ⁇ m or more and 0.8 ⁇ m or less, 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 1.2 ⁇ m or less, 1 .2 ⁇ m or more and 1.4 ⁇ m or less, 1.4 ⁇ m or more and 1.6 ⁇ m or less, 1.6 ⁇ m or more and 1.8 ⁇ m or less, or 1.8 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the pitch PS is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the pitch PC between the central portions of the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 7 ⁇ m or less.
- the pitch PC is in the direction (second direction Y) in which the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70 extend between the central portion of the first trench gate structure 60 and the central portion of the second trench gate structure 70. It is the distance in the orthogonal direction (first direction X).
- the pitch PC may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, or 6 ⁇ m or more and 7 ⁇ m or less.
- the pitch PC is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less.
- first trench gate structure 60 specifically includes a first gate trench 81, a first insulating layer 82, and a first electrode 83.
- the first gate trench 81 is formed by digging the first main surface 3 toward the second main surface 4 side.
- the first gate trench 81 partitions the first side wall 61, the second side wall 62, and the bottom wall 63 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- first side wall 61, the second side wall 62 and the bottom wall 63 of the first trench gate structure 60 are also referred to as the first side wall 61, the second side wall 62 and the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81.
- the first insulating layer 82 is formed in a film shape along the inner wall of the first gate trench 81.
- the first insulating layer 82 defines a concave space in the first gate trench 81.
- the portion of the first insulating layer 82 that covers the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81 is formed following the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81.
- the first insulating layer 82 defines a U-shaped space recessed in a U-shape in the first gate trench 81.
- the first insulating layer 82 is at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). including.
- the first insulating layer 82 may have a stacked structure including a SiN layer and a SiO 2 layer stacked in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the first insulating layer 82 may have a stacked structure including a SiO 2 layer and a SiN layer stacked in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the first insulating layer 82 may have a single layer structure including a SiO 2 layer or a SiN layer. In this form, the first insulating layer 82 has a single-layer structure composed of a SiO 2 layer.
- the first insulating layer 82 includes a first bottom insulating layer 84 and a first opening side insulating layer 85 which are formed in this order from the bottom wall 63 side of the first gate trench 81 toward the first main surface 3 side.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 covers the inner wall of the first gate trench 81 on the bottom wall 63 side.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 specifically covers the inner wall of the first gate trench 81 on the bottom wall 63 side with respect to the bottom of the body region 55.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 defines a U-shaped space on the bottom wall 63 side of the first gate trench 81.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 has a smooth inner wall surface that partitions the U-shaped space.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 is in contact with the drift region 54. Part of the first bottom insulating layer 84 may be in contact with the body region 55.
- the first opening-side insulating layer 85 covers the inner wall of the first gate trench 81 on the opening side. Specifically, the first opening-side insulating layer 85 covers the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first gate trench 81 in a region on the opening side of the first gate trench 81 with respect to the bottom of the body region 55. doing. The first opening-side insulating layer 85 is in contact with the body region 55. A part of the first opening-side insulating layer 85 may be in contact with the drift region 54.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 has a first thickness T1.
- the first opening-side insulating layer 85 has a second thickness T2 (T2 ⁇ T1) that is less than the first thickness T1.
- the first thickness T1 is a thickness along the normal line direction of the inner wall of the first gate trench 81 in the first bottom insulating layer 84.
- the second thickness T2 is a thickness along the normal line direction of the inner wall of the first gate trench 81 in the first opening-side insulating layer 85.
- the first ratio T1/WT1 of the first thickness T1 to the first width WT1 of the first gate trench 81 may be 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less.
- the first ratio T1/WT1 is 0.1 to 0.15, 0.15 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.25, 0.25 to 0.3, 0.3 to 0. It may be 35 or less, or 0.35 or more and 0.4 or less.
- the first ratio T1/WT1 is preferably 0.25 or more and 0.35 or less.
- the first thickness T1 of the first bottom insulating layer 84 may be 1500 ⁇ or more and 4000 ⁇ or less.
- the first thickness T1 may be 1500 ⁇ or more and 2000 ⁇ or less, 2000 ⁇ or more and 2500 ⁇ or less, 2500 ⁇ or more and 3000 ⁇ or less, 3000 ⁇ or more and 3500 ⁇ or less, or 3500 ⁇ or more and 4000 ⁇ or less.
- the first thickness T1 is preferably 1800 ⁇ or more and 3500 ⁇ or less.
- the first thickness T1 may be adjusted to 4000 ⁇ or more and 12000 ⁇ or less according to the first width WT1 of the first gate trench 81.
- the first thickness T1 is 4,000 ⁇ or more and 5,000 ⁇ or less, 5,000 ⁇ or more and 6,000 ⁇ or less, 6,000 ⁇ or more and 7,000 ⁇ or less, 7,000 ⁇ or more and 8,000 ⁇ or less, 8,000 ⁇ or less, 9000 ⁇ or more, 9000 ⁇ or more and 11,000 ⁇ or more, 11,000 ⁇ or more, 11,000 ⁇ or less, 11,000 ⁇ or less, 11,000 ⁇ or less, 11,000 ⁇ or less, 11,000 ⁇ or more May be.
- the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device 1 can be increased by increasing the thickness of the first bottom insulating layer 84.
- the second thickness T2 of the first opening-side insulating layer 85 may be 1/100 or more and 1/10 or less of the first thickness T1 of the first bottom-side insulating layer 84.
- the second thickness T2 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the second thickness T2 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 200 ⁇ or less, 200 ⁇ or more and 300 ⁇ or less, 300 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less, or 400 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the second thickness T2 is preferably 200 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less.
- the first bottom insulating layer 84 has a first thickness T1 from a portion covering the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first gate trench 81 toward a portion covering the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81. Is formed in a manner that reduces
- the thickness of the portion of the first bottom side insulating layer 84 that covers the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81 is the same as that of the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first gate trench 81 in the first bottom side insulating layer 84. It is smaller than the thickness of the portion to be covered.
- the opening width on the bottom wall side of the U-shaped space defined by the first bottom insulating layer 84 is expanded by the decrease in the first thickness T1. As a result, the taper of the U-shaped space is suppressed.
- Such a U-shaped space is formed by, for example, an etching method (for example, a wet etching method) on the inner wall of the first bottom insulating layer 84.
- the first electrode 83 is embedded in the first gate trench 81 with the first insulating layer 82 interposed therebetween.
- a first gate control signal (first control signal) including an on signal Von and an off signal Voff is applied to the first electrode 83.
- the first electrode 83 has an insulation separation type split electrode structure including a first bottom side electrode 86, a first opening side electrode 87, and a first intermediate insulating layer 88.
- the first bottom-side electrode 86 is embedded on the bottom wall 63 side of the first gate trench 81 with the first insulating layer 82 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the first bottom-side electrode 86 is embedded on the bottom wall 63 side of the first gate trench 81 with the first bottom-side insulating layer 84 interposed therebetween. The first bottom side electrode 86 faces the drift region 54 with the first bottom side insulating layer 84 interposed therebetween. A part of the first bottom side electrode 86 may be opposed to the body region 55 with the first bottom side insulating layer 84 interposed therebetween.
- the first bottom electrode 86 includes a first upper end portion 86A, a first lower end portion 86B and a first wall portion 86C.
- the first upper end portion 86A is located on the opening side of the first gate trench 81.
- the first lower end portion 86B is located on the bottom wall 63 side of the first gate trench 81.
- the first wall portion 86C connects the first upper end portion 86A and the first lower end portion 86B and extends in a wall shape along the inner wall of the first gate trench 81.
- the first upper end portion 86A is exposed from the first bottom insulating layer 84.
- the first upper end portion 86A projects toward the first main surface 3 side with respect to the first bottom insulating layer 84.
- the first bottom-side electrode 86 defines a recess having a reverse concave shape in a cross-sectional view between the first bottom-side insulating layer 84 and the first opening-side insulating layer 85 on the opening side of the first gate trench 81. doing.
- the width of the first upper end portion 86A is less than the width of the first wall portion 86C.
- the first lower end portion 86B is formed in a convex curve shape toward the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81. Specifically, the first lower end portion 86B is formed following the bottom wall of the U-shaped space defined by the first bottom insulating layer 84, and is smooth toward the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81. It is formed in a convex curve.
- the first bottom-side electrode 86 moves from the first upper end portion 86A toward the first lower end portion 86B. It is possible to appropriately suppress the taper. Thereby, local electric field concentration on the first lower end portion 86B of the first bottom electrode 86 can be appropriately suppressed.
- the first bottom electrode 86 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy, and a copper alloy.
- the first bottom electrode 86 includes conductive polysilicon in this form.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- the first opening-side electrode 87 is embedded on the opening side of the first gate trench 81 with the first insulating layer 82 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the first opening-side electrode 87 is embedded in a recess having a reverse recessed shape which is defined on the opening side of the first gate trench 81 with the first opening-side insulating layer 85 interposed therebetween. The first opening-side electrode 87 faces the body region 55 with the first opening-side insulating layer 85 interposed therebetween. A part of the first opening-side electrode 87 may face the drift region 54 with the first opening-side insulating layer 85 interposed therebetween.
- the first opening-side electrode 87 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy, and a copper alloy.
- the first opening-side electrode 87 preferably contains the same kind of conductive material as the first bottom-side electrode 86.
- the first opening side electrode 87 includes conductive polysilicon in this embodiment.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 is interposed between the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87, and electrically insulates the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87. Specifically, the first intermediate insulating layer 88 covers the first bottom-side electrode 86 exposed from the first bottom-side insulating layer 84 in the region between the first bottom-side electrode 86 and the first opening-side electrode 87. ing. The first intermediate insulating layer 88 covers the first upper end portion 86A (specifically, the protruding portion) of the first bottom electrode 86. The first intermediate insulating layer 88 is continuous with the first insulating layer 82 (first bottom side insulating layer 84).
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 has a third thickness T3.
- the third thickness T3 is less than the first thickness T1 of the first bottom insulating layer 84 (T3 ⁇ T1).
- the third thickness T3 may be 1/100 or more and 1/10 or less of the first thickness T1.
- the third thickness T3 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the third thickness T3 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 200 ⁇ or less, 200 ⁇ or more and 300 ⁇ or less, 300 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less, or 400 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the third thickness T3 is preferably 200 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 is at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). Including seeds.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 has a single-layer structure made of a SiO 2 layer.
- the exposed portion of the first opening-side electrode 87 exposed from the first gate trench 81 is located on the bottom wall 63 side of the first gate trench 81 with respect to the first main surface 3.
- the exposed portion of the first opening-side electrode 87 is formed in a curved shape toward the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81.
- the exposed portion of the first opening-side electrode 87 is covered with a film-shaped first cap insulating layer 89.
- the first cap insulating layer 89 is continuous with the first insulating layer 82 (first opening-side insulating layer 85) in the first gate trench 81.
- the first cap insulating layer 89 may include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ).
- Each first FET structure 58 further includes a p-type first channel region 91 (first channel).
- the first channel region 91 is formed in the body region 55 in a region facing the first electrode 83 (first opening-side electrode 87) with the first insulating layer 82 (first opening-side insulating layer 85) interposed therebetween.
- the first channel region 91 is formed along the first side wall 61 or the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60, or along the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62. In this embodiment, the first channel region 91 is formed along the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- Each first FET structure 58 further includes an n + type first source region 92 formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55.
- the first source region 92 defines a first channel region 91 with the drift region 54 in the body region 55.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the first source region 92 exceeds the n-type impurity concentration of the drift region 54.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the first source region 92 may be 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- Each first FET structure 58 includes a plurality of first source regions 92.
- the plurality of first source regions 92 are formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55 at intervals along the first trench gate structure 60.
- the plurality of first source regions 92 are formed along the first sidewall 61 or the second sidewall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60, or along the first sidewall 61 and the second sidewall 62.
- the plurality of first source regions 92 are formed at intervals along the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- the bottoms of the plurality of first source regions 92 are located on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the body region 55. Thereby, the plurality of first source regions 92 are opposed to the first electrode 83 (first opening side electrode 87) with the first insulating layer 82 (first opening side insulating layer 85) interposed therebetween. In this way, the first channel region 91 of the first MISFET 56 is formed in the body region 55 in a region sandwiched by the plurality of first source regions 92 and the drift region 54.
- Each first FET structure 58 further includes a p + type first contact region 93 formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the first contact region 93 exceeds the p-type impurity concentration of the body region 55.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the first contact region 93 may be 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- Each first FET structure 58 includes a plurality of first contact regions 93.
- the plurality of first contact regions 93 are formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55 along the first trench gate structure 60 at intervals.
- the plurality of first contact regions 93 are specifically formed along the first sidewall 61 or the second sidewall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60, or along the first sidewall 61 and the second sidewall 62.
- the plurality of first contact regions 93 are formed at intervals along the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60. Specifically, the plurality of first contact regions 93 are formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55 in such a manner that they are arranged alternately with respect to the plurality of first source regions 92. The bottoms of the plurality of first contact regions 93 are located on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the body region 55.
- second trench gate structure 70 includes second gate trench 101, second insulating layer 102 and second electrode 103.
- the second gate trench 101 is formed by digging the first main surface 3 toward the second main surface 4 side.
- the second gate trench 101 partitions the first side wall 71, the second side wall 72, and the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- first side wall 71, the second side wall 72 and the bottom wall 73 of the second trench gate structure 70 are also referred to as the first side wall 71, the second side wall 72 and the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101.
- the second insulating layer 102 is formed in a film shape along the inner wall of the second gate trench 101.
- the second insulating layer 102 defines a concave space in the second gate trench 101.
- the portion of the second insulating layer 102 that covers the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101 is formed following the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101.
- the second insulating layer 102 defines a U-shaped space recessed in a U-shape in the second gate trench 101.
- the second insulating layer 102 is at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). including.
- the second insulating layer 102 may have a stacked structure including a SiN layer and a SiO 2 layer stacked in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the second insulating layer 102 may have a stacked structure including a SiO 2 layer and a SiN layer stacked in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the second insulating layer 102 may have a single layer structure including a SiO 2 layer or a SiN layer.
- the second insulating layer 102 has a single-layer structure including a SiO 2 layer in this embodiment.
- the second insulating layer 102 includes a second bottom side insulating layer 104 and a second opening side insulating layer 105 which are formed in this order from the bottom wall 73 side of the second gate trench 101 toward the first main surface 3 side.
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 covers the inner wall of the second gate trench 101 on the bottom wall 73 side.
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 specifically covers the bottom of the body region 55 on the inner wall of the second gate trench 101 on the bottom wall 73 side.
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 defines a U-shaped space on the bottom wall 73 side of the second gate trench 101.
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 has a smooth inner wall surface that partitions the U-shaped space.
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 is in contact with the drift region 54. A part of the second bottom insulating layer 104 may be in contact with the body region 55.
- the second opening-side insulating layer 105 covers the inner wall of the second gate trench 101 on the opening side.
- the second opening-side insulating layer 105 specifically covers the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72 of the second gate trench 101 in a region on the opening side of the second gate trench 101 with respect to the bottom of the body region 55. doing.
- the second opening-side insulating layer 105 is in contact with the body region 55.
- a part of the second opening-side insulating layer 105 may be in contact with the drift region 54.
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 has a fourth thickness T4.
- the second opening-side insulating layer 105 has a fifth thickness T5 (T5 ⁇ T4) that is less than the fourth thickness T4.
- the fourth thickness T4 is a thickness along the normal line direction of the inner wall of the second gate trench 101 in the second bottom insulating layer 104.
- the fifth thickness T5 is a thickness along the normal line direction of the inner wall of the second gate trench 101 in the second opening-side insulating layer 105.
- the second ratio T4/WT2 of the fourth thickness T4 to the second width WT2 of the second gate trench 101 may be 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less.
- the second ratio T4/WT2 is 0.1 to 0.15, 0.15 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.25, 0.25 to 0.3, 0.3 to 0. It may be 35 or less, or 0.35 or more and 0.4 or less.
- the second ratio T4/WT2 is preferably 0.25 or more and 0.35 or less.
- the second ratio T4/WT2 may be equal to or less than the first ratio T1/WT1 (T4/WT2 ⁇ T1/WT1).
- the second ratio T4/WT2 may be equal to or higher than the first ratio T1/WT1 (T4/WT2 ⁇ T1/WT1).
- the fourth thickness T4 of the second bottom insulating layer 104 may be 1500 ⁇ or more and 4000 ⁇ or less.
- the fourth thickness T4 may be 1500 ⁇ or more and 2000 ⁇ or less, 2000 ⁇ or more and 2500 ⁇ or less, 2500 ⁇ or more and 3000 ⁇ or less, 3000 ⁇ or more and 3500 ⁇ or less, or 3500 ⁇ or more and 4000 ⁇ or less.
- the fourth thickness T4 is preferably 1800 ⁇ or more and 3500 ⁇ or less.
- the fourth thickness T4 may be 4000 ⁇ or more and 12000 ⁇ or less depending on the second width WT2 of the second gate trench 101.
- the fourth thickness T4 is, 4000 ⁇ or more 5000 ⁇ or less, 5000 ⁇ or 6000 ⁇ or less, 6000 ⁇ least 7000 ⁇ or less, 7000 ⁇ or more 8000 ⁇ or less, 8000 ⁇ least 9000 ⁇ or less, 9000 ⁇ or more 10000 ⁇ less, 10000 ⁇ or 11000A less, or there below or 11000A 12000 ⁇ May be.
- the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device 1 can be increased by increasing the thickness of the second bottom insulating layer 104.
- the fourth thickness T4 may be less than or equal to the first thickness T1 (T4 ⁇ T1).
- the fourth thickness T4 may be the first thickness T1 or more (T4 ⁇ T1).
- the fifth thickness T5 of the second opening side insulating layer 105 is less than the fourth thickness T4 of the second bottom side insulating layer 104 (T5 ⁇ T4).
- the fifth thickness T5 may be 1/100 or more and 1/10 or less of the fourth thickness T4. It may be 100 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the fifth thickness T5 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 200 ⁇ or less, 200 ⁇ or more and 300 ⁇ or less, 300 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less, or 400 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the fifth thickness T5 is preferably 200 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less.
- the fifth thickness T5 may be the second thickness T2 or less (T5 ⁇ T2).
- the fifth thickness T5 may be greater than or equal to the second thickness T2 (T5 ⁇ T2).
- the second bottom insulating layer 104 has a fourth thickness T4 from the portion covering the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72 of the second gate trench 101 to the portion covering the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101. Is formed in a manner that reduces
- the thickness of the portion of the second bottom insulating layer 104 that covers the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101 is the same as that of the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72 of the second gate trench 101 in the second bottom insulating layer 104. It is smaller than the thickness of the portion to be covered.
- the opening width on the bottom wall side of the U-shaped space partitioned by the second bottom side insulating layer 104 is expanded by the decrease in the fourth thickness T4. As a result, the taper of the U-shaped space is suppressed.
- Such a U-shaped space is formed by, for example, an etching method (for example, a wet etching method) on the inner wall of the second bottom insulating layer 104.
- the second electrode 103 is embedded in the second gate trench 101 with the second insulating layer 102 interposed therebetween.
- a predetermined second gate control signal (second control signal) including an ON signal Von and an OFF signal Voff is applied to the second electrode 103.
- the second electrode 103 has an insulation separation type split electrode structure including a second bottom electrode 106, a second opening side electrode 107, and a second intermediate insulating layer 108.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 is electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode 86 in this embodiment.
- the second opening-side electrode 107 is electrically insulated from the first opening-side electrode 87.
- the second bottom-side electrode 106 is embedded on the bottom wall 73 side of the second gate trench 101 with the second insulating layer 102 interposed therebetween.
- the second bottom-side electrode 106 is specifically buried on the bottom wall 73 side of the second gate trench 101 with the second bottom-side insulating layer 104 interposed therebetween.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 faces the drift region 54 with the second bottom side insulating layer 104 interposed therebetween.
- a part of the second bottom side electrode 106 may face the body region 55 with the second bottom side insulating layer 104 interposed therebetween.
- the second bottom electrode 106 includes a second upper end portion 106A, a second lower end portion 106B and a second wall portion 106C.
- the second upper end portion 106A is located on the opening side of the second gate trench 101.
- the second lower end portion 106B is located on the bottom wall 73 side of the second gate trench 101.
- the second wall portion 106C connects the second upper end portion 106A and the second lower end portion 106B, and extends in a wall shape along the inner wall of the second gate trench 101.
- the second upper end 106A is exposed from the second bottom insulating layer 104.
- the second upper end portion 106A projects toward the first main surface 3 side with respect to the second bottom insulating layer 104.
- the second bottom-side electrode 106 defines an inverted concave recess in a cross-sectional view between the second bottom-side insulating layer 104 and the second opening-side insulating layer 105 on the opening side of the second gate trench 101. doing.
- the width of the second upper end portion 106A is less than the width of the second wall portion 106C.
- the second lower end portion 106B is formed in a convex curve shape toward the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101.
- the second lower end portion 106B is specifically formed following the bottom wall of the U-shaped space defined by the second bottom insulating layer 104, and is smooth toward the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101. It is formed in a convex curve.
- the second bottom-side electrode 106 can be suppressed, so that a decrease in breakdown voltage can be suppressed.
- the second bottom-side electrode 106 moves from the second upper end portion 106A toward the second lower end portion 106B. It is possible to appropriately suppress the taper. Thereby, local electric field concentration on the second lower end portion 106B of the second bottom electrode 106 can be appropriately suppressed.
- the second bottom electrode 106 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy, and a copper alloy.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 includes conductive polysilicon in this embodiment.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- the second opening-side electrode 107 is embedded on the opening side of the second gate trench 101 with the second insulating layer 102 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the second opening-side electrode 107 is embedded in a recessed recess having a second opening on the opening side of the second gate trench 101 with the second opening-side insulating layer 105 interposed therebetween. The second opening side electrode 107 faces the body region 55 with the second opening side insulating layer 105 interposed therebetween. A part of the second opening-side electrode 107 may face the drift region 54 with the second opening-side insulating layer 105 interposed therebetween.
- the second opening side electrode 107 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy and a copper alloy.
- the second opening side electrode 107 preferably contains the same kind of conductive material as the second bottom side electrode 106.
- the second opening-side electrode 107 includes conductive polysilicon in this embodiment.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 is interposed between the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107, and electrically insulates the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 specifically covers the second bottom electrode 106 exposed from the second bottom insulating layer 104 in a region between the second bottom electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107. ing.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 covers the second upper end portion 106A (specifically, the protruding portion) of the second bottom electrode 106.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 is continuous with the second insulating layer 102 (the second bottom side insulating layer 104).
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 has a sixth thickness T6.
- the sixth thickness T6 is less than the fourth thickness T4 of the second bottom insulating layer 104 (T6 ⁇ T4).
- the sixth thickness T6 may be 1/100 or more and 1/10 or less of the fourth thickness T4.
- the sixth thickness T6 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the sixth thickness T6 may be 100 ⁇ or more and 200 ⁇ or less, 200 ⁇ or more and 300 ⁇ or less, 300 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less, or 400 ⁇ or more and 500 ⁇ or less.
- the sixth thickness T6 is preferably 200 ⁇ or more and 400 ⁇ or less.
- the sixth thickness T6 may be the third thickness T3 or less (T6 ⁇ T3).
- the sixth thickness T6 may be the third thickness T3 or more (T6 ⁇ T3).
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 is at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). Including seeds.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 has a single-layer structure made of a SiO 2 layer in this embodiment.
- the exposed portion of the second opening-side electrode 107 exposed from the second gate trench 101 is located on the bottom wall 73 side of the second gate trench 101 with respect to the first main surface 3.
- the exposed portion of the second opening-side electrode 107 is formed in a curved shape toward the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101.
- the exposed portion of the second opening-side electrode 107 is covered with a second cap insulating layer 109 formed in a film shape.
- the second cap insulating layer 109 is continuous with the second insulating layer 102 (second opening-side insulating layer 105) in the second gate trench 101.
- the second cap insulating layer 109 may include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ).
- Each second FET structure 68 further includes a p-type second channel region 111 (second channel). Specifically, the second channel region 111 is located in a region of the body region 55 facing the second electrode 103 (second opening side electrode 107) with the second insulating layer 102 (second opening side insulating layer 105) interposed therebetween. It is formed.
- the second channel region 111 is specifically formed along the first sidewall 71 or the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70, or along the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72. In this embodiment, the second channel region 111 is formed along the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- Each second FET structure 68 further includes an n + -type second source region 112 formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55.
- the second source region 112 defines the second channel region 111 with the drift region 54 in the body region 55.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the second source region 112 exceeds the n-type impurity concentration of the drift region 54.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the second source region 112 may be 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the second source region 112 is preferably equal to the n-type impurity concentration of the first source region 92.
- Each second FET structure 68 includes a plurality of second source regions 112.
- the plurality of second source regions 112 are formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55 along the second trench gate structure 70 at intervals.
- the plurality of second source regions 112 are specifically formed along the first sidewall 71 or the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70, or along the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72.
- the plurality of second source regions 112 are formed at intervals along the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- each second source region 112 faces each first source region 92 along the first direction X.
- Each second source region 112 is integral with each first source region 92.
- the first source region 92 and the second source region 112 are shown by being distinguished from each other by a boundary line. However, in the region between the first source region 92 and the second source region 112, actually, There are no clear boundaries.
- Each of the second source regions 112 is formed so as to be offset from each of the first source regions 92 in the second direction Y so as not to face a part or all of each of the first source regions 92 along the first direction X. Good. That is, the plurality of first source regions 92 and the plurality of second source regions 112 may be arranged in a staggered pattern in a plan view.
- the bottoms of the plurality of second source regions 112 are located in the region on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the body region 55. Thereby, the plurality of second source regions 112 are opposed to the second electrode 103 (second opening side electrode 107) with the second insulating layer 102 (second opening side insulating layer 105) interposed therebetween. In this way, the second channel region 111 of the second MISFET 57 is formed in the body region 55 in a region sandwiched by the plurality of second source regions 112 and the drift region 54.
- Each second FET structure 68 further includes a p + type second contact region 113 formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the second contact region 113 exceeds the p-type impurity concentration of the body region 55.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the second contact region 113 may be 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the second contact region 113 is preferably equal to the p-type impurity concentration of the first contact region 93.
- Each second FET structure 68 includes a plurality of second contact regions 113 in this form.
- the plurality of second contact regions 113 are formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55 at intervals along the second trench gate structure 70.
- the plurality of second contact regions 113 are formed along the first sidewall 71 or the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70, or along the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72.
- the bottoms of the plurality of second contact regions 113 are located in the region on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the body region 55.
- the plurality of second contact regions 113 are formed at intervals along the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70. Specifically, the plurality of second contact regions 113 are formed in the surface layer portion of the body region 55 in such a manner that they are arranged alternately with respect to the plurality of second source regions 112.
- each second contact region 113 faces each first contact region 93 along the first direction X in this embodiment.
- Each second contact region 113 is integral with each first contact region 93.
- the first contact region 93 and the second contact region 113 are collectively indicated by the symbol “p + ”. Further, in FIG. 8, the first contact region 93 and the second contact region 113 are shown by being distinguished by the boundary line, but in the region between the first contact region 93 and the second contact region 113, it is actually clear. There are no boundaries.
- Each of the second contact regions 113 is formed so as to be displaced from each of the first contact regions 93 in the second direction Y so as not to face a part or all of each of the first contact regions 93 along the first direction X. Good. That is, the plurality of first contact regions 93 and the plurality of second contact regions 113 may be arranged in a staggered pattern in a plan view.
- first source region 92, the first contact region 93, the second source region 112, and the second contact region 113 have one end portion of the first trench gate structure 60 and one end portion of the second trench gate structure 70 on the first major surface 3. Is not formed in the area sandwiched between.
- the body region 55 is exposed.
- the first source region 92, the first contact region 93, the second source region 112, and the second contact region 113 are sandwiched between the other end of the first trench gate structure 60 and the other end of the second trench gate structure 70. Not formed in the area.
- a plurality (two in this embodiment) of trench contact structures 120 are formed on the first main surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the plurality of trench contact structures 120 includes a trench contact structure 120 on one side and a trench contact structure 120 on the other side.
- the trench contact structure 120 on one side is located in a region on one end side of the first trench gate structure 60 and one end side of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the other trench contact structure 120 is located in the other end of the first trench gate structure 60 and the other end of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the other side trench contact structure 120 has substantially the same structure as the one side trench contact structure 120.
- the structure on the side of the trench contact structure 120 on one side will be described as an example, and a detailed description of the structure on the side of the trench contact structure 120 on the other side will be omitted.
- the trench contact structure 120 is connected to one end of the first trench gate structure 60 and one end of the second trench gate structure 70. In this form, the trench contact structure 120 extends in a strip shape along the first direction X in a plan view.
- the width WTC of the trench contact structure 120 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the width WTC is a width in the direction (second direction Y) orthogonal to the direction (first direction X) in which the trench contact structure 120 extends.
- the width WTC is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 2.5 ⁇ m or less, 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or more 3.5 ⁇ m or less, and 3.5 ⁇ m or more It may be 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 4.5 ⁇ m or less, or 4.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the width WTC is preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 1.2 ⁇ m or less.
- the trench contact structure 120 penetrates the body region 55 and reaches the drift region 54.
- the depth DTC of the trench contact structure 120 may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the depth DTC may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 8 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the depth DTC is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less.
- the trench contact structure 120 includes a first side wall 121 on one side, a second side wall 122 on the other side, and a bottom wall 123 connecting the first side wall 121 and the second side wall 122.
- the 1st side wall 121, the 2nd side wall 122, and the bottom wall 123 may be collectively called “inner wall.”
- the first sidewall 121 is a connection surface connected to the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70.
- the first side wall 121, the second side wall 122, and the bottom wall 123 are located inside the drift region 54.
- the first side wall 121 and the second side wall 122 extend along the normal direction Z.
- the first side wall 121 and the second side wall 122 may be formed perpendicular to the first main surface 3.
- the absolute value of the angle (taper angle) formed between the first side wall 121 and the first major surface 3 in the semiconductor layer 2 may be more than 90° and 95° or less (for example, about 91°).
- the absolute value of the angle (taper angle) formed by the second side wall 122 and the first main surface 3 in the semiconductor layer 2 may be more than 90° and 95° or less (for example, about 91°).
- Trench contact structure 120 may be formed in a tapered shape (tapered shape) in which width WTC is narrowed from first main surface 3 side of semiconductor layer 2 toward bottom wall 123 side in a sectional view.
- the bottom wall 123 is located in the region on the first main surface 3 side with respect to the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the bottom wall 123 is formed in a convex curve shape toward the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the bottom wall 123 is located in the region on the first main surface 3 side with a space ITC of 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less with respect to the bottom of the drift region 54.
- the interval ITC may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or more and 4 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 8 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the interval ITC is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the trench contact structure 120 includes a contact trench 131, a contact insulating layer 132, and a contact electrode 133.
- the contact trench 131 is formed by digging the first main surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2 toward the second main surface 4 side.
- the contact trench 131 partitions the first side wall 121, the second side wall 122, and the bottom wall 123 of the trench contact structure 120.
- first side wall 121, the second side wall 122 and the bottom wall 123 of the trench contact structure 120 are also referred to as the first side wall 121, the second side wall 122 and the bottom wall 123 of the contact trench 131.
- the first side wall 121 of the contact trench 131 communicates with the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first gate trench 81.
- the first sidewall 121 of the contact trench 131 communicates with the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72 of the second gate trench 101.
- the contact trench 131 forms one trench between the first gate trench 81 and the second gate trench 101.
- the contact insulating layer 132 is formed in a film shape along the inner wall of the contact trench 131.
- the contact insulating layer 132 defines a concave space in the contact trench 131.
- the portion of the contact insulating layer 132 that covers the bottom wall 123 of the contact trench 131 is formed following the bottom wall 123 of the contact trench 131.
- the contact insulating layer 132 defines a U-shaped space recessed in a U shape in the contact trench 131 in the same manner as the first bottom insulating layer 84 (second bottom insulating layer 104). That is, the contact insulating layer 132 defines a U-shaped space in which the region of the contact trench 131 on the bottom wall 123 side is expanded and the taper is suppressed.
- a U-shaped space is formed by, for example, an etching method (for example, a wet etching method) on the inner wall of the contact insulating layer 132.
- the contact insulating layer 132 has a seventh thickness T7.
- the seventh thickness T7 may be 1500 ⁇ or more and 4000 ⁇ or less.
- the seventh thickness T7 may be 1500 ⁇ or more and 2000 ⁇ or less, 2000 ⁇ or more and 2500 ⁇ or less, 2500 ⁇ or more and 3000 ⁇ or less, 3000 ⁇ or more and 3500 ⁇ or less, or 3500 ⁇ or more and 4000 ⁇ or less.
- the seventh thickness T7 is preferably 1800 ⁇ or more and 3500 ⁇ or less.
- the seventh thickness T7 may be 4000 ⁇ or more and 12000 ⁇ or less depending on the width WTC of the trench contact structure 120. Seventh thickness T7 is, 4000 ⁇ or more 5000 ⁇ or less, 5000 ⁇ or 6000 ⁇ or less, 6000 ⁇ least 7000 ⁇ or less, 7000 ⁇ or more 8000 ⁇ or less, 8000 ⁇ least 9000 ⁇ or less, 9000 ⁇ or more 10000 ⁇ less, 10000 ⁇ or 11000A less, or there below or 11000A 12000 ⁇ May be. In this case, the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device 1 can be increased by increasing the thickness of the contact insulating layer 132.
- the contact insulating layer 132 is made of at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). Including.
- the contact insulating layer 132 may have a stacked structure including a SiN layer and a SiO 2 layer stacked in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the contact insulating layer 132 may have a laminated structure including a SiO 2 layer and a SiN layer which are laminated in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the contact insulating layer 132 may have a single layer structure including a SiO 2 layer or a SiN layer. In this embodiment, the contact insulating layer 132 has a single layer structure composed of a SiO 2 layer.
- the contact insulating layer 132 is preferably made of the same insulating material as the first insulating layer 82 (second insulating layer 102).
- the contact insulating layer 132 is integrated with the first insulating layer 82 in the communication portion between the first gate trench 81 and the contact trench 131.
- the contact insulating layer 132 is integrated with the second insulating layer 102 in the communication portion between the second gate trench 101 and the contact trench 131.
- the contact insulating layer 132 has a lead insulating layer 132A drawn to one end of the first gate trench 81 and one end of the second gate trench 101.
- the lead-out insulating layer 132A covers the inner wall of one end portion of the first gate trench 81 across the communication portion.
- the lead-out insulating layer 132A covers the inner wall of one end portion of the second gate trench 101 across the communication portion.
- the lead-out insulating layer 132A is integrated with the first bottom-side insulating layer 84 and the first opening-side insulating layer 85 in the first gate trench 81.
- the lead-out insulating layer 132A defines a U-shaped space together with the first bottom-side insulating layer 84 on the inner wall of the one end of the first gate trench 81.
- the lead-out insulating layer 132A is integrated with the second bottom-side insulating layer 104 and the second opening-side insulating layer 105 in the second gate trench 101.
- the lead-out insulating layer 132A defines a U-shaped space together with the second bottom-side insulating layer 104 on the inner wall of one end of the second gate trench 101.
- the contact electrode 133 is embedded in the contact trench 131 with the contact insulating layer 132 interposed therebetween. Unlike the first electrode 83 and the second electrode 103, the contact electrode 133 is embedded in the contact trench 131 as an integrated body.
- the contact electrode 133 has an upper end exposed from the contact trench 131 and a lower end contacting the contact insulating layer 132.
- the lower end of the contact electrode 133 is formed in a convex curved shape toward the bottom wall 123 of the contact trench 131 in the same manner as the first bottom side electrode 86 (second bottom side electrode 106). Specifically, the lower end portion of the contact electrode 133 is formed following the bottom wall of the U-shaped space defined by the contact insulating layer 132, and is formed in a smooth convex curve toward the bottom wall 123. ..
- the contact electrode 133 is electrically connected to the first bottom-side electrode 86 at the connection portion between the first gate trench 81 and the contact trench 131.
- the contact electrode 133 is electrically connected to the second bottom electrode 106 at a connection portion between the second gate trench 101 and the contact trench 131.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 is electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode 86.
- the contact electrode 133 has a lead electrode 133A led to one end of the first gate trench 81 and one end of the second gate trench 101.
- the extraction electrode 133A is located in the first gate trench 81 across the communication part between the first gate trench 81 and the contact trench 131.
- the extraction electrode 133A is located in the second gate trench 101 across the communication part between the second gate trench 101 and the contact trench 131.
- the extraction electrode 133A is embedded in the U-shaped space defined by the contact insulating layer 132 in the first gate trench 81.
- the extraction electrode 133A is integrated with the first bottom electrode 86 in the first gate trench 81. Thereby, the contact electrode 133 is electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode 86.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 is interposed between the contact electrode 133 and the first opening side electrode 87.
- the contact electrode 133 is electrically insulated from the first opening-side electrode 87 in the first gate trench 81.
- the extraction electrode 133A is embedded in the U-shaped space defined by the contact insulating layer 132 in the second gate trench 101.
- the extraction electrode 133A is integrated with the second bottom-side electrode 106 in the second gate trench 101.
- the contact electrode 133 is electrically connected to the second bottom electrode 106.
- a second intermediate insulating layer 108 is interposed between the contact electrode 133 and the second opening side electrode 107 in the second gate trench 101. As a result, the contact electrode 133 is electrically insulated from the second opening side electrode 107 in the second gate trench 101.
- the contact electrode 133 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy and a copper alloy.
- the contact electrode 133 includes conductive polysilicon in this form.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- the contact electrode 133 preferably contains the same conductive material as the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106.
- the exposed portion of the contact electrode 133 exposed from the contact trench 131 is located on the bottom wall 123 side of the contact trench 131 with respect to the first main surface 3.
- the exposed portion of the contact electrode 133 is formed in a curved shape toward the bottom wall 123 of the contact trench 131.
- the exposed portion of the contact electrode 133 is covered with a film-shaped third cap insulating layer 139.
- the third cap insulating layer 139 is continuous with the contact insulating layer 132 in the contact trench 131.
- the third cap insulating layer 139 may include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ).
- a main surface insulating layer 141 is formed on the first main surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 selectively covers the first main surface 3.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 is continuous with the first insulating layer 82, the second insulating layer 102, and the contact insulating layer 132.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 is at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). including.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 may have a laminated structure including a SiN layer and a SiO 2 layer laminated in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the principal surface insulating layer 141 may have a laminated structure including a SiO 2 layer and a SiN layer that are laminated in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 may have a single layer structure including a SiO 2 layer or a SiN layer.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 has a single-layer structure including a SiO 2 layer in this embodiment.
- the main surface insulating layer 141 is preferably made of the same insulating material as the first insulating layer 82, the second insulating layer 102, and the contact insulating layer 132.
- An interlayer insulating layer 142 is formed on the main surface insulating layer 141.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 may have a thickness that exceeds the thickness of the main surface insulating layer 141.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 covers almost the entire area of the main surface insulating layer 141.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 is made of at least one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), and tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 3 ). Including.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 includes a USG (Undoped Silica Glass) layer as an example of silicon oxide in this embodiment.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 may have a single layer structure including a USG layer.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 may have a planarized main surface.
- the main surface of the interlayer insulating layer 142 may be a ground surface ground by a CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) method.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 may include PSG (Phosphor Silicate Glass) and/or BPSG (Boron Phosphor Silicate Glass) as an example of silicon oxide.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 may have a laminated structure including a PSG layer and a BPSG layer laminated in this order from the semiconductor layer 2 side.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 may have a laminated structure including a BPSG layer and a PSG layer laminated in this order from the first main surface 3 side.
- the interlayer insulating layer 142 is embedded with the first plug electrode 143, the second plug electrode 144, the third plug electrode 145, and the fourth plug electrode 146.
- the plurality of first plug electrodes 143, the plurality of second plug electrodes 144, the plurality of third plug electrodes 145 and the plurality of fourth plug electrodes 146 are embedded in the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- the first plug electrode 143, the second plug electrode 144, the third plug electrode 145, and the fourth plug electrode 146 may each include tungsten.
- the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 are each embedded in the portion of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that covers the first opening-side electrode 87 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 142 in the region on the one end side of the first trench gate structure 60 and form a plurality of first opening side electrodes 87 in a one-to-one correspondence. It is connected.
- a plurality of first plug electrodes 143 may be connected to one first opening side electrode 87.
- the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 are formed in a portion of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that covers the other end side region of the first trench gate structure 60 in the same manner as the one end side region. Is also embedded.
- each first plug electrode 143 is arranged in a row along the first direction X at intervals.
- Each first plug electrode 143 may be formed in a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, and a hexagonal shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape in a plan view.
- each first plug electrode 143 is formed in a quadrangular shape in a plan view.
- the plurality of second plug electrodes 144 are embedded in the portion of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that covers the second opening-side electrode 107 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the plurality of second plug electrodes 144 penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 142 in the region on the one end side of the second trench gate structure 70, and form a plurality of second opening side electrodes 107 in a one-to-one correspondence. It is connected.
- a plurality of second plug electrodes 144 may be connected to one second opening side electrode 107.
- the plurality of second plug electrodes 144 are formed in a portion that covers the region on the other end side of the second trench gate structure 70 in the interlayer insulating layer 142 in the same manner as the region on the one end side. Is also embedded.
- each second plug electrode 144 is arranged in a row along the first direction X at intervals.
- Each second plug electrode 144 may be formed in a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape in a plan view.
- each second plug electrode 144 is formed in a quadrangular shape in a plan view.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145 are embedded in the portions of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that cover the contact electrodes 133.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145 penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 142 and are connected to the contact electrodes 133.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145 are also embedded in the portion of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that covers the contact electrode 133 of the trench contact structure 120 on the other side in the same manner as the region on the one end side. Has been.
- each third plug electrode 145 is arranged in a row along the first direction X at intervals.
- Each third plug electrode 145 may be formed in a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, and a hexagonal shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape in a plan view.
- each third plug electrode 145 is formed in a quadrangular shape in a plan view.
- the plurality of fourth plug electrodes 146 are embedded in the portions of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that cover the plurality of cell regions 75, respectively. Each fourth plug electrode 146 penetrates the interlayer insulating layer 142 and is connected to each cell region 75. Specifically, each fourth plug electrode 146 is electrically connected to the first source region 92, the first contact region 93, the second source region 112, and the second contact region 113 in each cell region 75. ..
- Each fourth plug electrode 146 is formed in a strip shape extending along each cell region 75 in plan view.
- the length of each fourth plug electrode 146 in the second direction Y may be less than the length of each cell region 75 in the second direction Y.
- each fourth plug electrode 146 may be connected to each cell region 75.
- the plurality of fourth plug electrodes 146 are formed at intervals along each cell region 75.
- each fourth plug electrode 146 may be formed in a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, and a hexagonal shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape in a plan view.
- the source electrode 12 and the gate control wiring 17 described above are formed on the interlayer insulating layer 142 in the output region 6.
- the source electrode 12 is collectively and electrically connected to the plurality of fourth plug electrodes 146 on the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- a reference voltage eg, ground voltage
- the reference voltage is transmitted to the first source region 92, the first contact region 93, the second source region 112, and the second contact region 113 via the plurality of fourth plug electrodes 146.
- the first gate control wiring 17A of the gate control wiring 17 is electrically connected to the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 on the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- a gate control signal from the control IC 10 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A.
- the gate control signal is transmitted to the first opening-side electrode 87 via the first gate control wiring 17A and the plurality of first plug electrodes 143.
- the second gate control wiring 17B of the gate control wirings 17 is electrically connected to the plurality of second plug electrodes 144 on the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- a gate control signal from the control IC 10 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the gate control signal is transmitted to the second opening side electrode 107 via the second gate control wiring 17B and the plurality of second plug electrodes 144.
- the third gate control wiring 17C of the gate control wiring 17 is electrically connected to the plurality of third plug electrodes 145 on the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- a gate control signal from the control IC 10 is input to the third gate control wiring 17C.
- the gate control signal is transmitted to the contact electrode 133 via the third gate control wiring 17C and the plurality of third plug electrodes 145. That is, the gate control signal from the control IC 10 is transmitted to the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 via the contact electrode 133.
- the first MISFET 56 first trench gate structure 60
- the second MISFET 57 second trench gate structure 70
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are both controlled to the off state. ..
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are controlled to be in the ON state
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state (Full-ON control).
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the on state and the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the off state
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the on state
- the second channel region 111 is controlled to the off state (first Halff). -ON control).
- the power MISFET 9 utilizes the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 formed in one output region 6 to control a plurality of types including the Full-ON control, the first Half-ON control, and the second Half-ON control. Is realized.
- the ON signal Von may be applied to the first bottom side electrode 86 and the ON signal Von may be applied to the first opening side electrode 87.
- the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 function as gate electrodes.
- the voltage drop between the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 can be suppressed, so that the electric field concentration between the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 can be suppressed.
- the on-resistance of the semiconductor layer 2 can be reduced, the power consumption can be reduced.
- the off signal Voff (for example, the reference voltage) is applied to the first bottom electrode 86, and the on signal Von is applied to the first opening electrode 87.
- the first bottom side electrode 86 functions as a field electrode
- the first opening side electrode 87 functions as a gate electrode.
- the ON signal Von may be applied to the second bottom side electrode 106 and the ON signal Von may be applied to the second opening side electrode 107.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 function as gate electrodes.
- the voltage drop between the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 can be suppressed, so that the electric field concentration between the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 can be suppressed.
- the on-resistance of the semiconductor layer 2 can be reduced, the power consumption can be reduced.
- the off signal Voff reference voltage
- the on signal Von may be applied to the second opening side electrode 107.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 functions as a field electrode
- the second opening side electrode 107 functions as a gate electrode.
- first channel region 91 is formed in each cell region 75 with first channel area S1.
- the first channel area S1 is defined by the total planar area of the plurality of first source regions 92 formed in each cell region 75.
- the first channel region 91 is formed at the first channel ratio R1 (first ratio) in each cell region 75.
- the first channel ratio R1 is a ratio occupied by the first channel area S1 in each cell region 75 when the planar area of each cell region 75 is 100%.
- the first channel ratio R1 is adjusted within the range of 0% to 50%.
- the first channel ratio R1 is 0% or more and 5% or less, 5% or more and 10% or less, 10% or more and 15% or less, 15% or more and 20% or less, 20% or more and 25% or less, 25% or more and 30% or less, 30. % To 35%, 35% to 40%, 40% to 45%, or 45% to 50%.
- the first channel ratio R1 is preferably 10% or more and 35% or less.
- the first source region 92 is formed in almost the entire area of the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- the first contact region 93 is not formed on the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- the first channel ratio R1 is preferably less than 50%.
- the first channel ratio R1 When the first channel ratio R1 is 0%, the first source region 92 is not formed on the first sidewall 61 and the second sidewall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60. In this case, only the body region 55 and/or the first contact region 93 are formed on the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first trench gate structure 60.
- the first channel ratio R1 preferably exceeds 0%. In this form, an example is shown in which the first channel ratio R1 is 25%.
- the second channel region 111 is formed with the second channel area S2 in each cell region 75.
- the second channel area S2 is defined by the total planar area of the plurality of second source regions 112 formed in each cell region 75.
- the second channel region 111 is formed in each cell region 75 at the second channel ratio R2 (second ratio).
- the second channel ratio R2 is a ratio occupied by the second channel area S2 in each cell region 75 when the planar area of each cell region 75 is 100%.
- the second channel ratio R2 is adjusted in the range of 0% to 50%.
- the second channel ratio R2 is 0% to 5%, 5% to 10%, 10% to 15%, 15% to 20%, 20% to 25%, 25% to 30%, 30. % To 35%, 35% to 40%, 40% to 45%, or 45% to 50%.
- the second channel ratio R2 is preferably 10% or more and 35% or less.
- the second source region 112 is formed in almost the entire area of the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the second contact region 113 is not formed on the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the second channel ratio R2 is preferably less than 50%.
- the second channel ratio R2 is 0%, the second source region 112 is not formed on the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70. In this case, only the body region 55 and/or the second contact region 113 is formed on the first sidewall 71 and the second sidewall 72 of the second trench gate structure 70.
- the second channel ratio R2 is preferably more than 0%. In this form, an example is shown in which the second channel ratio R2 is 25%.
- the total channel ratio RT in each cell region 75 is 50% in this embodiment. In this form, all total channel ratios RT are set to equal values. Therefore, the average channel ratio RAV in the output region 6 (unit area) is 50%.
- the average channel ratio RAV is the sum of all the total channel ratios RT divided by the total number of the total channel ratios RT.
- FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B show examples of modes when the average channel ratio RAV is adjusted.
- 12A is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a form including a channel structure according to a second form example.
- 12B is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a configuration including the channel structure according to the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 12A shows an example of the case where the average channel ratio RAV is adjusted to about 66%.
- the total channel ratio RT of each cell region 75 is about 66%.
- FIG. 12B shows a form example in which the average channel ratio RAV is adjusted to 33%.
- the total channel ratio RT of each cell region 75 is 33%.
- the total channel ratio RT may be adjusted for each cell area 75. That is, a plurality of total channel ratios RT having different values may be applied to each cell region 75.
- the total channel ratio RT is related to the temperature rise of the semiconductor layer 2. For example, when the total channel ratio RT is increased, the temperature of the semiconductor layer 2 easily rises. On the other hand, when the total channel ratio RT is reduced, the temperature of the semiconductor layer 2 is hard to rise.
- the total channel ratio RT may be adjusted according to the temperature distribution of the semiconductor layer 2. For example, the total channel ratio RT in the region where the temperature easily rises in the semiconductor layer 2 may be made relatively small, and the total channel ratio RT in the region where the temperature hardly rises in the semiconductor layer 2 may be made relatively large.
- the central portion of the output region 6 can be exemplified as the region in the semiconductor layer 2 where the temperature easily rises.
- the peripheral portion of the output region 6 can be exemplified as the region in the semiconductor layer 2 where the temperature is unlikely to rise.
- the average channel ratio RAV may be adjusted while adjusting the total channel ratio RT according to the temperature distribution of the semiconductor layer 2.
- a plurality of cell regions 75 having a total channel ratio RT of 20% or more and 40% or less (for example, 25%) may be aggregated in a region (for example, a central portion) where the temperature easily rises.
- a plurality of cell regions 75 having a total channel ratio RT of 60% or more and 80% or less (for example, 75%) may be aggregated in a region (for example, a peripheral portion) where the temperature is hard to increase.
- a plurality of cell regions 75 having a total channel ratio RT of more than 40% and less than 60% (for example, 50%) may be aggregated in a region between a region where the temperature easily rises and a region where the temperature hardly rises.
- the total channel ratio RT of 20% or more and 40% or less, the total channel ratio RT of 40% or more and 60% or less, and the total channel ratio RT of 60% or more and 80% or less are regularly arranged, and the plurality of cell regions 75 are arranged. May be applied to.
- three kinds of total channel ratios RT that are repeated in the order of 25% (low) ⁇ 50% (middle) ⁇ 75% (high) may be applied to a plurality of cell regions 75.
- the average channel ratio RAV may be adjusted to 50%.
- FIG. 13 is a graph obtained by actually measuring the relationship between the active clamp resistance Eac and the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A.
- the graph of FIG. 13 shows the characteristics when the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are simultaneously controlled to be in the ON state and the OFF state.
- the vertical axis represents the active clamp resistance Eac [mJ/mm 2 ] and the horizontal axis represents the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A [m ⁇ mm 2 ].
- the active clamp withstand amount Eac is the withstand amount against the counter electromotive force as described in FIG.
- the sheet resistance Ron ⁇ A represents the on-resistance in the semiconductor layer 2 during normal operation.
- the first plot point P1, the second plot point P2, the third plot point P3, and the fourth plot point P4 are shown.
- the first plot point P1, the second plot point P2, the third plot point P3, and the fourth plot point P4 have an average channel ratio RAV (that is, the total channel ratio RT occupied in each cell region 75) of 66%, 50%, The characteristics when adjusted to 33% and 25% are shown, respectively.
- the average channel ratio RAV is preferably 33% or more (specifically, 33% or more and less than 100%). Considering the active clamp resistance Eac, the average channel ratio RAV is preferably less than 33% (specifically, more than 0% and less than 33%).
- the area resistivity Ron ⁇ A increased due to the decrease in the average channel ratio RAV because the current path was reduced.
- the reason why the active clamp resistance Eac is improved due to the decrease of the average channel ratio RAV is considered to be that the average channel ratio RAV (total channel ratio RT) becomes relatively small and local and rapid temperature rise is suppressed. ..
- FIG. 14A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a first control example of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 1.
- 14A and 14B the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified for convenience of description.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A
- the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B
- the third gate is supplied.
- the third ON signal Von3 is input to the control wiring 17C.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the third ON signal Von3 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the third ON signal Von3 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the third ON signal Von3 may have the same voltage.
- the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned on. That is, the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86, and the second bottom side electrode 106 each function as a gate electrode.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the channel utilization ratio RU is the ratio of the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111, which are controlled to be in the ON state, of the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111.
- the characteristics of the power MISFET 9 are determined based on the characteristic channel ratio RC. As a result, the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the first clamp on signal VCon1 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the second clamp-on signal VCon2 is input to the 3-gate control wiring 17C.
- the off signal Voff, the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 may have the same voltage.
- the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 may have a voltage equal to or lower than or equal to the voltage during normal operation.
- the first opening side electrode 87 is turned off, and the first bottom side electrode 86, the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 50%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 25%.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac approaches the active clamp tolerance Eac indicated by the fourth plot point P4 in the graph of FIG.
- the first Half-ON control may be applied during the active clamp operation.
- FIG. 15A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device 1 shown in FIG. 1.
- the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A
- the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B
- the third gate is supplied.
- the off signal Voff is input to the control wiring 17C.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the OFF signal Voff are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first opening side electrode 87 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on, and the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned off. That is, the first opening side electrode 87 and the second opening side electrode 107 function as gate electrodes, while the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 function as field electrodes.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the first off signal Voff1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the second off signal Voff2 is input to the 3-gate control wiring 17C.
- the first off signal Voff1, the clamp on signal VCon, and the second off signal Voff2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first off signal Voff1 has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the second off signal Voff2 has a voltage value (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first opening-side electrode 87, the first bottom-side electrode 86, and the second bottom-side electrode 106 are turned off, and the second opening-side electrode 107 is turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 50%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 25%.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac approaches the active clamp tolerance Eac indicated by the fourth plot point P4 in the graph of FIG.
- the second Half-ON control is applied during the active clamp operation.
- the first Half-ON control may be applied during the active clamp operation.
- the semiconductor device 1 includes an IPD (Intelligent Power Device) formed on the semiconductor layer 2.
- the IPD includes a power MISFET 9 and a control IC 10 that controls the power MISFET 9.
- the power MISFET 9 specifically includes a first MISFET 56 and a second MISFET 57.
- the control IC 10 individually controls the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57.
- control IC 10 controls the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 to be in the ON state during the normal operation, controls the first MISFET 56 to be in the OFF state during the active clamp operation, and controls the second MISFET 57 to be in the ON state.
- the second MISFET 57 can be used to pass a current while the first MISFET 56 is stopped, so that the second MISFET 57 can consume (absorb) the counter electromotive force.
- the active clamp resistance Eac it is possible to suppress a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force, so that it is possible to improve the active clamp resistance Eac.
- the semiconductor device 1 has a first MISFET 56 including a first FET structure 58 and a second MISFET 57 including a second FET structure 68.
- the first FET structure 58 includes a first trench gate structure 60 and a first channel region 91.
- the second FET structure 68 includes a second trench gate structure 70 and a second channel region 111.
- control IC 10 controls the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 so that the different characteristic channel ratio RC (channel area) is applied during the normal operation and the active clamp operation. Specifically, the control IC 10 controls the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 so that the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and is less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC relatively increases. As a result, the current path is relatively increased, so that the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A (ON resistance) can be reduced. On the other hand, during the active clamp operation, the characteristic channel ratio RC relatively decreases. As a result, it is possible to suppress a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force, so that it is possible to improve the active clamp resistance Eac.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, showing a semiconductor device 151 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- structures corresponding to those described for semiconductor device 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 and the plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed in such a manner that one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 are alternately arranged.
- the semiconductor device 151 a plurality (two in this embodiment) of first FET structures 58 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of second FET structures 68 are alternately arranged, A plurality of first FET structures 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- the second channel ratio R2 (second channel area S2) is equal to the first channel ratio R1 (first channel area S1).
- the second channel ratio R2 is different from the first channel ratio R1 (R1 ⁇ R2).
- the second channel ratio R2 is specifically less than the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1).
- the plurality of cell regions 75 is, in this embodiment, a region between two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other, one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure adjacent to each other. It is divided into a region between 68 and a region between two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the three types of total channel ratios RT include a first total channel ratio RT1, a second total channel ratio RT2, and a third total channel ratio RT3.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is applied to the region between two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other. Due to the structure, the second channel region 111 is not formed in the region between the two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is the total value of the first channel ratio R1 of the two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 may be adjusted to, for example, 60% or more and 80% or less.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is adjusted to 75% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 on one side and the first channel ratio R1 on the other side are each 37.5%.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is applied to the region between one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 which are adjacent to each other.
- a first channel region 91 and a second channel region 111 are structurally formed.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is the total value of the first channel ratio R1 and the second channel ratio R2.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 may be adjusted to more than 40% and less than 60% as an example.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is adjusted to 50% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 is 25% and the second channel ratio R2 is 25%.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is applied to the region between the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other. Due to the structure, the first channel region 91 is not formed in the region between the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is the total value of the second channel ratio R2 of the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 may be adjusted to 20% or more and 40% or less.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is adjusted to 25% in this embodiment.
- the second channel ratio R2 on one side and the second channel ratio R2 on the other side are each 12.5%.
- the first channel region 91 occupies more than 50% (1/2) of all channels. In this configuration, the first channel region 91 occupies 62.5% of all channels, and the second channel region 111 occupies 37.5% of all channels. That is, the second channel ratio R2 is less than the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1). The average channel ratio RAV is 50% in this embodiment.
- the other structure of the semiconductor device 151 is similar to that of the semiconductor device 1. In this mode, the control described below is performed.
- FIG. 17A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a first control example of the semiconductor device 151 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device 151 shown in FIG. 1.
- 17A and 17B the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified for convenience of description.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A
- the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B
- the third gate is supplied.
- the third ON signal Von3 is input to the control wiring 17C.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the third ON signal Von3 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the third ON signal Von3 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the third ON signal Von3 may have the same voltage.
- the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned on. That is, the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86, and the second bottom side electrode 106 each function as a gate electrode.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the first clamp on signal VCon1 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the second clamp-on signal VCon2 is input to the 3-gate control wiring 17C.
- the off signal Voff, the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 may have the same voltage.
- the first clamp-on signal VCon1 and the second clamp-on signal VCon2 may each have a voltage that is equal to or lower than or equal to the voltage during normal operation.
- the first opening side electrode 87 is turned off, and the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation is usually because the first channel region 91 having the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1) exceeding the second channel ratio R2 is controlled to the off state. It is less than 1/2 of the channel utilization rate RU during operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 37.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 18.75%.
- FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a second control example of the semiconductor device 151 shown in FIG. 18B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device 151 shown in FIG. 18A and 18B, the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified for convenience of description.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A
- the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B
- the third gate is supplied.
- the off signal Voff is input to the control wiring 17C.
- the first ON signal Von1, the second ON signal Von2, and the OFF signal Voff are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the off signal Voff may be a reference voltage.
- the first opening side electrode 87 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on, and the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned off. That is, the first opening side electrode 87 and the second opening side electrode 107 function as gate electrodes, while the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 function as field electrodes.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the on state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the first off signal Voff1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the second off signal Voff2 is input to the 3-gate control wiring 17C.
- the first off signal Voff1, the clamp on signal VCon, and the second off signal Voff2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first off signal Voff1 has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the second off signal Voff2 may be a reference voltage.
- the first opening-side electrode 87, the first bottom-side electrode 86, and the second bottom-side electrode 106 are turned off, and the second opening-side electrode 107 is turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation is usually because the first channel region 91 having the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1) exceeding the second channel ratio R2 is controlled to the off state. It is less than 1/2 of the channel utilization rate RU during operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 37.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 18.75%.
- FIG. 19A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a third control example of the semiconductor device 151 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the third control example of the semiconductor device 151 shown in FIG. 16.
- 19A and 19B for convenience of description, the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified.
- the ON signal Von is input to the first gate control wiring 17A
- the first OFF signal Voff1 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B
- the third gate control wiring is supplied.
- the second off signal Voff2 is input to 17C.
- the on signal Von, the first off signal Voff1, and the second off signal Voff2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the ON signal Von has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first off signal Voff1 and the second off signal Voff2 may each have a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first opening side electrode 87 is turned on, and the first bottom side electrode 86, the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned off. That is, the first opening side electrode 87 functions as a gate electrode, while the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 function as field electrodes.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the ON state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the OFF state.
- the first channel region 91 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the off state is shown by solid hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to be in the on state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to be in the off state (first Half-ON control).
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the normal operation controls the second channel region 111 having the second channel ratio R2 (R2 ⁇ R1) less than the first channel ratio R1 to be in the off state, and thus the average channel ratio RAV.
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 62.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 31.25%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the third plot point P3 in the graph of FIG. 13.
- the first off signal Voff1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A, and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the second off signal Voff2 is input to the 3-gate control wiring 17C.
- the first off signal Voff1, the clamp on signal VCon, and the second off signal Voff2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first off signal Voff1 has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the second off signal Voff2 may be a reference voltage.
- the second opening side electrode 107 is turned on, and the first bottom side electrode 86, the first opening side electrode 87 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned off. That is, the second opening-side electrode 107 functions as a gate electrode, while the first bottom-side electrode 86 and the second bottom-side electrode 106 function as field electrodes.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero because the first channel region 91 having the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1) exceeding the second channel ratio R2 is controlled to the off state. Therefore, the channel utilization rate during normal operation becomes less than RU.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 37.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 18.75%.
- the off signal Voff is input to the third gate control wiring 17C during the normal operation and the active clamp operation.
- the ON signal Von may be input to the third gate control line 17C during the normal operation and the active clamp operation.
- the semiconductor device 151 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 1.
- the second channel ratio R2 is different from the first channel ratio R1 (R1 ⁇ R2).
- the second channel ratio R2 is specifically less than the first channel ratio R1 (R1>R2).
- the control IC 10 controls the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 so that the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and is less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation. Specifically, the control IC 10 controls the first channel region 91 in the off state and the second channel region 111 in the on state during the active clamp operation. This can enhance the effect of improving the active clamp resistance Eac.
- the first Half-ON control can be applied during the normal operation and the second Half-ON control can be applied during the active clamp operation. Further, according to the semiconductor device 151, the second Half-ON control can be applied during the normal operation and the first Half-ON control can be applied during the active clamp operation.
- the semiconductor device 151 only by changing the control method, it is possible to realize various area resistivities Ron ⁇ A and active clamp resistance Eac while having the same average channel ratio RAV.
- first FET structures 58 and second FET structures 68 are alternately arranged in a plurality of first FET structures 58.
- a 1FET structure 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- the first channel region 91 can be formed without being connected to the second channel region 111 in the region between the plurality of first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other. Therefore, since the first channel region 91 can be formed appropriately, the first channel ratio R1 can be adjusted appropriately.
- the second channel region 111 can be formed without being connected to the first channel region 91 in the region between the plurality of second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other. Therefore, the second channel region 111 can be appropriately formed, and the second channel ratio R2 can be appropriately adjusted. Thereby, the average channel ratio RAV and the characteristic channel ratio RC can be appropriately adjusted.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device 161 according to the third embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- 21 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the region XXI shown in FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional perspective view in which the source electrode 12 and the gate control wiring 17 are removed from FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a sectional perspective view in which the interlayer insulating layer 142 is removed from FIG.
- structures corresponding to those described for semiconductor device 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the gate control wiring 17 includes a first gate control wiring 17A, a second gate control wiring 17B, and a third gate control wiring 17C.
- the gate control wiring 17 does not have the third gate control wiring 17C but includes only the first gate control wiring 17A and the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 is electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode 86.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 is electrically insulated from the first bottom side electrode 86.
- the semiconductor device 161 is connected to the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70, respectively, in a manner that electrically insulates the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70 from each other.
- a plurality of trench contact structures 120 are provided.
- the structure of the other end of the first FET structure 58 and the region on the other end of the second FET structure 68 is similar to the structure of the one end of the first FET structure 58 and the one end of the second FET structure 68.
- the structure of one end of the first FET structure 58 and the region of one end of the second FET structure 68 will be described as an example, and the other end of the first FET structure 58 and the other end of the second FET structure 68 will be described. The description of the structure is omitted.
- the plurality of trench contact structures 120 include a plurality of first trench contact structures 162 and a plurality of second trench contact structures 163.
- the plurality of first trench contact structures 162 are spaced apart from the plurality of second trench gate structures 70 and are connected to one ends of the corresponding plurality of first trench gate structures 60, respectively.
- the first trench contact structure 162 is connected to the corresponding first trench gate structure 60 in a one-to-one correspondence.
- the plurality of second trench contact structures 163 are connected to one ends of the corresponding plurality of second trench gate structures 70 at intervals from the plurality of first trench gate structures 60.
- the second trench contact structure 163 is connected to the corresponding second trench gate structure 70 in a one-to-one correspondence.
- Each first trench contact structure 162 includes a first contact trench 164, a first contact insulating layer 165, and a first contact electrode 166.
- the first contact trench 164, the first contact insulating layer 165, and the first contact electrode 166 correspond to the above-mentioned contact trench 131, the contact insulating layer 132, and the contact electrode 133, respectively.
- the first contact trench 164 communicates with one end of the first gate trench 81.
- the first contact trench 164 forms one trench extending along the second direction Y with the first gate trench 81.
- the first contact insulating layer 165 is integrated with the first insulating layer 82 at a communication portion between the first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 164.
- the first contact insulating layer 165 includes a lead insulating layer 165A drawn into the first gate trench 81.
- the lead-out insulating layer 165A corresponds to the above-mentioned lead-out insulating layer 132A. That is, the first contact insulating layer 165 is integrated with the first bottom side insulating layer 84 and the first opening side insulating layer 85 in the first gate trench 81 across the communicating portion.
- the first contact electrode 166 is integrated with the first bottom-side electrode 86 in the communication portion between the first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 164. Specifically, the first contact electrode 166 includes an extraction electrode 166A extracted in the first gate trench 81. The extraction electrode 166A corresponds to the extraction electrode 133A described above.
- the first contact electrode 166 is electrically connected to the first bottom electrode 86 in the first gate trench 81 across the communication portion.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 is interposed between the first contact electrode 166 and the first opening-side electrode 87.
- Each second trench contact structure 163 includes a second contact trench 167, a second contact insulating layer 168 and a second contact electrode 169.
- the second contact trench 167, the second contact insulating layer 168, and the second contact electrode 169 correspond to the above-mentioned contact trench 131, the contact insulating layer 132, and the contact electrode 133, respectively.
- the second contact trench 167 communicates with one end of the second gate trench 101.
- the second contact trench 167 forms one trench extending along the second direction Y with the second gate trench 101.
- the second contact insulating layer 168 is integrated with the second insulating layer 102 at the communication portion between the second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 167.
- the second contact insulating layer 168 specifically includes a lead insulating layer 168A drawn into the second gate trench 101.
- the lead-out insulating layer 168A corresponds to the above-mentioned lead-out insulating layer 132A. That is, the second contact insulating layer 168 is integrated with the second bottom side insulating layer 104 and the second opening side insulating layer 105 in the second gate trench 101 across the communicating portion.
- the second contact electrode 169 is integrated with the second bottom-side electrode 106 at the communication part between the second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 167.
- the second contact electrode 169 specifically includes an extraction electrode 169A extracted in the second gate trench 101.
- the extraction electrode 169A corresponds to the extraction electrode 133A described above.
- the second contact electrode 169 is electrically connected to the second bottom electrode 106 in the second gate trench 101 across the communication portion.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 is interposed between the second contact electrode 169 and the second opening side electrode 107.
- the second contact electrode 169 is electrically insulated from the first contact electrode 166.
- the second bottom electrode 106 is electrically insulated from the first bottom electrode 86. That is, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are configured to be controllable independently of each other.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145 include a plurality of third plug electrodes 145A and a plurality of third plug electrodes 145B.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145A are respectively embedded in the portions of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that cover the first contact electrodes 166 of the first trench contact structure 162.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145A penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 142 and are connected to the first contact electrodes 166.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145B are embedded in the portions of the interlayer insulating layer 142 that cover the second contact electrodes 169 of the second trench contact structure 163.
- the plurality of third plug electrodes 145B penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 142 and are connected to the second contact electrodes 169.
- the first gate control wiring 17A of the gate control wiring 17 is electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87. Specifically, the first gate control wiring 17A is electrically connected to the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 and the plurality of third plug electrodes 145A on the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- the wiring pattern of the first gate control wiring 17A is arbitrary.
- a gate control signal from the control IC 10 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A.
- the gate control signal is transmitted to the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 via the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 and the plurality of third plug electrodes 145A.
- the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 are simultaneously controlled to the same voltage. Accordingly, since it is possible to appropriately suppress the formation of the potential difference between the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87, it is possible to appropriately suppress the electric field concentration on the first intermediate insulating layer 88. As a result, the breakdown voltage of the first trench gate structure 60 can be increased.
- the second gate control wiring 17B of the gate control wiring 17 is electrically connected to the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107. Specifically, the second gate control line 17B is electrically connected to the plurality of second plug electrodes 144 and the plurality of third plug electrodes 145B on the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- the wiring pattern of the second gate control wiring 17B is arbitrary.
- a gate control signal from the control IC 10 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the gate control signal is transmitted to the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 via the plurality of first plug electrodes 143 and the plurality of third plug electrodes 145B.
- the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are simultaneously controlled to the same voltage in this mode. This can appropriately suppress the formation of a potential difference between the second bottom-side electrode 106 and the second opening-side electrode 107, and thus can properly suppress the electric field concentration on the second intermediate insulating layer 108. As a result, the breakdown voltage of the second trench gate structure 70 can be increased.
- FIG. 24A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device 161 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 24B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 161 shown in FIG. 24A and 24B, for convenience of description, the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted, and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned on. That is, the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86, and the second bottom side electrode 106 each function as a gate electrode.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A, and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 are turned off, and the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 50%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 25%.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac approaches the active clamp tolerance Eac indicated by the fourth plot point P4 in the graph of FIG.
- the semiconductor device 161 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 1.
- the second bottom electrode 106 is electrically insulated from the first bottom electrode 86
- the second opening side electrode 107 is electrically insulated from the first opening side electrode 87. ing.
- the control IC 10 controls the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 of the first MISFET 56 at the same voltage at the same time. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately suppress the formation of a potential difference between the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 during the normal operation and the active clamp operation. As a result, the electric field concentration on the first intermediate insulating layer 88 can be appropriately suppressed, so that the breakdown voltage of the first trench gate structure 60 can be increased.
- control IC 10 controls the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 of the second MISFET 57 at the same voltage at the same time. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately suppress the formation of a potential difference between the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 during the normal operation and the active clamp operation. As a result, electric field concentration on the second intermediate insulating layer 108 can be appropriately suppressed, so that the breakdown voltage of the second trench gate structure 70 can be increased.
- FIG. 25 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 21, showing a semiconductor device 171 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional perspective view in which the structure above the semiconductor layer 2 is removed from FIG.
- structures corresponding to those described with respect to the semiconductor device 161 will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- a plurality of first FET structures 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed in such a manner that one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 are alternately arranged.
- a plurality (two in this embodiment) of first FET structures 58 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of second FET structures 68 are arranged alternately.
- a plurality of first FET structures 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- a plurality of first trench contact structures 162 are connected to the corresponding first trench gate structures 60 in a one-to-one correspondence.
- a plurality of first trench contact structures 162 are respectively connected to a group of a plurality (two in this embodiment) of first trench gate structures 60 adjacent to each other.
- the plurality of first trench contact structures 162 are formed in an arch shape in plan view.
- a plurality of second trench contact structures 163 are connected to the corresponding second trench gate structures 70 in a one-to-one correspondence.
- a plurality of second trench contact structures 163 are respectively connected to a group of a plurality (two in this embodiment) of second trench gate structures 70 adjacent to each other.
- the plurality of second trench contact structures 163 are formed in an arch shape in plan view.
- the plurality of cell regions 75 is, in this embodiment, a region between two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other, one first FET structure 58 adjacent to each other, and one first FET structure 58 adjacent to each other. It is divided into a region between the second FET structures 68 and a region between two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- three types of total channel ratios RT are applied to the plurality of cell regions 75.
- the three types of total channel ratios RT include a first total channel ratio RT1, a second total channel ratio RT2, and a third total channel ratio RT3.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is applied to the region between two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other. Due to the structure, the second channel region 111 is not formed in the region between the two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is the total value of the first channel ratio R1 of the two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 may be adjusted to 0% or more and 100% or less (preferably more than 0% and less than 100%).
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is adjusted to 50% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 on one side and the first channel ratio R1 on the other side are each 25%.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is applied to the region between one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 which are adjacent to each other.
- a first channel region 91 and a second channel region 111 are structurally formed.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is the total value of the first channel ratio R1 and the second channel ratio R2.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 may be adjusted to 0% or more and 100% or less (preferably more than 0% and less than 100%).
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is adjusted to 50% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 is 25% and the second channel ratio R2 is 25%.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is applied to the region between the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other. Due to the structure, the first channel region 91 is not formed in the region between the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is the total value of the second channel ratio R2 of the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 may be adjusted to 0% or more and 100% or less (preferably more than 0% and less than 100%).
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is adjusted to 50% in this embodiment.
- the second channel ratio R2 on the one side and the second channel ratio R2 on the other side are each 25%.
- the first channel region 91 occupies 1 ⁇ 2 (50%) of all channels, and the second channel region 111 occupies 1 ⁇ 2 (50%) of all channels.
- the average channel ratio RAV is 50% in this embodiment.
- each first trench contact structure 162 the first contact trench 164 communicates with one end of a plurality of first gate trenches 81 adjacent to each other.
- the first contact insulating layer 165 is integrated with the first insulating layer 82 at a communication portion between each first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 164.
- the first contact insulating layer 165 includes a lead insulating layer 165A drawn into each of the first gate trenches 81, and the first bottom insulating layer in each of the first gate trenches 81 across the communicating portion. It is integrated with 84 and the first opening side insulating layer 85.
- the first contact electrode 166 is integrated with the first bottom-side electrode 86 at a communication portion between each first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 164.
- the first contact electrode 166 includes a lead electrode 166A drawn into each first gate trench 81, and the first contact electrode 166 is electrically connected to the first bottom electrode 86 in each first gate trench 81 across the communicating portion. Connected to each other.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 is interposed between the first contact electrode 166 and the first opening side electrode 87.
- the second contact trench 167 communicates with one end of the plurality of second gate trenches 101 adjacent to each other.
- the second contact insulating layer 168 is integrated with the second insulating layer 102 at a communication portion between each second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 167.
- the second contact insulating layer 168 specifically includes a lead insulating layer 168A drawn into each second gate trench 101, and a second bottom insulating layer in each second gate trench 101 across the communicating portion. It is integrated with 104 and the second opening side insulating layer 105.
- the second contact electrode 169 is integrated with the second bottom-side electrode 106 at the communication portion between each second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 167.
- the second contact electrode 169 includes a lead electrode 169A drawn into each second gate trench 101, and electrically connects to the second bottom side electrode 106 in each second gate trench 101 across the communicating portion. Connected to each other.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 is interposed between the second contact electrode 169 and the second opening side electrode 107.
- FIG. 27A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device 171 shown in FIG. 27B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 171 shown in FIG. 27A and 27B, the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified for convenience of description.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned on. That is, the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86, and the second bottom side electrode 106 each function as a gate electrode.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff is a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 are turned off, and the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 50%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 25%.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac approaches the active clamp tolerance Eac indicated by the fourth plot point P4 in the graph of FIG.
- the semiconductor device 171 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 161. Further, in the semiconductor device 171, a plurality (two in this embodiment) of first FET structures 58 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of second FET structures 68 are alternately arranged in a plurality. A 1FET structure 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- the first channel region 91 can be formed without being connected to the second channel region 111 in the region between the plurality of first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other. Therefore, since the first channel region 91 can be formed appropriately, the first channel ratio R1 can be adjusted appropriately.
- the second channel region 111 can be formed without being connected to the first channel region 91 in the region between the plurality of second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other. Therefore, the second channel region 111 can be appropriately formed, and the second channel ratio R2 can be appropriately adjusted. Thereby, the average channel ratio RAV and the characteristic channel ratio RC can be appropriately adjusted.
- FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 25, showing a semiconductor device 181 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- structures corresponding to those described for the semiconductor device 171 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the first total channel ratio RT1, the second total channel ratio RT2, and the third total channel ratio RT3 having different values are applied to the plurality of cell regions 75.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 may be adjusted to 60% or more and 80% or less as an example.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is adjusted to 75% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 on one side and the first channel ratio R1 on the other side are each 37.5%.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 may be adjusted to more than 40% and less than 60% as an example.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is adjusted to 50% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 is 25% and the second channel ratio R2 is 25%.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 may be adjusted to 20% or more and 40% or less as an example.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is adjusted to 25% in this embodiment.
- the second channel ratio R2 on one side and the second channel ratio R2 on the other side are each 12.5%.
- the first channel region 91 occupies more than 50% (1/2) of all channels. In this configuration, the first channel region 91 occupies 62.5% of all channels, and the second channel region 111 occupies 37.5% of all channels. That is, the second channel ratio R2 is less than the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1). The average channel ratio RAV is 50% in this embodiment.
- the other structure of the semiconductor device 181 is similar to that of the semiconductor device 171. In this mode, the control described below is performed.
- FIG. 29A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device 181 shown in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 29B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the first control example of the semiconductor device 181 shown in FIG. 28. 29A and 29B, for convenience of description, the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 are turned on. That is, the first opening side electrode 87, the second opening side electrode 107, the first bottom side electrode 86, and the second bottom side electrode 106 each function as a gate electrode.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the second plot point P2 in the graph of FIG.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 are turned off, and the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation. Specifically, the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation is less than 1/2 of the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 37.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 18.75%.
- FIG. 30A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation according to a second control example of the semiconductor device 181 shown in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 30B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation according to the second control example of the semiconductor device 181 shown in FIG. 28.
- 30A and 30B the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified for convenience of description.
- the ON signal Von is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the OFF signal Voff is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the on signal Von and the off signal Voff are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the ON signal Von has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the ON signal Von and the OFF signal Voff have a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 are turned on, and the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned off. That is, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 function as a gate electrode, while the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 function as a field electrode.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the ON state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the OFF state.
- the first channel region 91 in the ON state is shown by dot-like hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the ON state is shown by solid hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to be in the on state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to be in the off state (first Half-ON control).
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the normal operation controls the second channel region 111 having the second channel ratio R2 (R2 ⁇ R1) less than the first channel ratio R1 to be in the off state, and thus the average channel ratio RAV.
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 62.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 31.25%.
- the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A approaches the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A indicated by the third plot point P3 in the graph of FIG. 13.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 are turned off, and the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 are turned on. That is, the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first opening side electrode 87 function as field electrodes, while the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second opening side electrode 107 function as gate electrodes.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero because the second channel region 111 having the second channel ratio R2 (R2 ⁇ R1) less than the first channel ratio R1 is controlled to be in the ON state, and thus the normal operation is performed.
- the channel utilization rate is less than RU.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 37.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 18.75%.
- the semiconductor device 181 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 171.
- the second channel ratio R2 is different from the first channel ratio R1 (R1 ⁇ R2).
- the second channel ratio R2 is specifically less than the first channel ratio R1 (R1>R2).
- control IC 10 controls the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 so that the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and is less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation. This can enhance the effect of improving the active clamp resistance Eac.
- the first Half-ON control can be applied during the normal operation and the second Half-ON control can be applied during the active clamp operation.
- the second Half-ON control can be applied during the normal operation and the first Half-ON control can be applied during the active clamp operation. That is, according to the semiconductor device 181, only by changing the control method, it is possible to realize various area resistivities Ron ⁇ A and active clamp tolerance Eac while having the same average channel ratio RAV.
- FIG. 31 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, showing a semiconductor device 191 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- structures corresponding to those described for semiconductor device 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the first insulating layer 82 includes the first bottom insulating layer 84 and the first opening side insulating layer 85, the first electrode 83 is the first bottom electrode 86, The first opening side electrode 87 and the first intermediate insulating layer 88 are included.
- the first insulating layer 82 does not include the first bottom side insulating layer 84, and the first electrode 83 does not include the first bottom side electrode 86 and the first intermediate insulating layer 88. That is, in the semiconductor device 191, the first insulating layer 82 includes the first gate insulating layer 192 corresponding to the first opening side insulating layer 85, and the first electrode 83 corresponds to the first opening side electrode 87. 193 included.
- the second insulating layer 102 includes the second bottom side insulating layer 104 and the second opening side insulating layer 105, and the second electrode 103 is the second bottom side electrode 106. , The second opening side electrode 107 and the second intermediate insulating layer 108.
- the second insulating layer 102 does not include the second bottom side insulating layer 104, and the second electrode 103 does not include the second bottom side electrode 106 and the second intermediate insulating layer 108. That is, in the semiconductor device 191, the second insulating layer 102 includes the second gate insulating layer 194 corresponding to the second opening side insulating layer 105, and the second electrode 103 corresponds to the second opening side electrode 107. Including 195.
- the semiconductor device 1 also has a trench contact structure 120.
- the semiconductor device 191 does not have the trench contact structure 120.
- the structure of the semiconductor device 191 will be specifically described.
- the first gate insulating layer 192 is formed in a film shape along the inner wall of the first gate trench 81.
- the first gate insulating layer 192 defines a concave space in the first gate trench 81.
- the thickness of the portion of the first gate insulating layer 192 that covers the bottom wall 63 of the first gate trench 81 covers the first side wall 61 and the second side wall 62 of the first gate trench 81 in the first gate insulating layer 192. It may be larger than the thickness of the part. Of course, the first gate insulating layer 192 may have a uniform thickness.
- the first gate electrode 193 is embedded in the first gate trench 81 with the first gate insulating layer 192 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the first gate electrode 193 is embedded as a unit in a concave space defined by the first gate insulating layer 192 in the first gate trench 81.
- a first gate control signal (first control signal) including an on signal Von and an off signal Voff is applied to the first gate electrode 193.
- the first gate electrode 193 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy, and a copper alloy.
- the first gate electrode 193 includes conductive polysilicon in this form.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- the second gate insulating layer 194 is formed in a film shape along the inner wall of the second gate trench 101.
- the second gate insulating layer 194 defines a concave space in the second gate trench 101.
- the thickness of the portion of the second gate insulating layer 194 that covers the bottom wall 73 of the second gate trench 101 covers the second side wall 72 and the second side wall 72 of the second gate trench 101 in the second gate insulating layer 194. It may be larger than the thickness of the part. Of course, the second gate insulating layer 194 may have a uniform thickness.
- the second gate electrode 195 is embedded in the second gate trench 101 with the second gate insulating layer 194 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the second gate electrode 195 is embedded as an integral body in the concave space defined by the second gate insulating layer 194 in the second gate trench 101.
- a second gate control signal (second control signal) including an ON signal Von and an OFF signal Voff is applied to the second gate electrode 195.
- the second gate electrode 195 may include at least one of conductive polysilicon, tungsten, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy and a copper alloy.
- the second gate electrode 195 preferably contains the same kind of conductive material as the first gate electrode 193.
- the second gate electrode 195 includes conductive polysilicon in this form.
- the conductive polysilicon may contain n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- the conductive polysilicon preferably contains n-type impurities.
- first gate control wiring 17A is electrically connected to the first gate electrode 193
- second gate control wiring 17B is electrically connected to the second gate electrode 195.
- FIG. 32A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device 191 shown in FIG. 32B is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 191 shown in FIG.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the first gate electrode 193 and the second gate electrode 195 are turned on.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- FIG. 32A the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistance Ron ⁇ A is lower than that in the case where the characteristic channel ratio RC is less than 50%.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the first gate electrode 193 is turned off and the second gate electrode 195 is turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 50%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 25%.
- the active clamp resistance Eac is improved as compared with the case where the characteristic channel ratio RC exceeds 25%.
- the semiconductor device 191 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 1.
- the second channel ratio R2 (second channel area S2) is equal to the first channel ratio R1 (first channel area S1).
- the second channel ratio R2 may be different from the first channel ratio R1 (R1 ⁇ R2), as in the case of the second embodiment (see FIG. 16).
- the second channel ratio R2 may be less than the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1).
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 31, showing a semiconductor device 201 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- structures corresponding to those described for the semiconductor device 191 will be assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
- a plurality of first FET structures 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed in such a manner that one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 are alternately arranged.
- a plurality (two in this embodiment) of the first FET structures 58 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of the second FET structures 68 are arranged alternately.
- a plurality of first FET structures 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- the semiconductor device 191 does not have the trench contact structure 120.
- the semiconductor device 201 has the trench contact structure 120. Specifically, the semiconductor device 201 is connected to the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70, respectively, in a manner to electrically insulate the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench gate structure 70 from each other. A plurality of trench contact structures 120.
- the second channel ratio R2 (second channel area S2) is equal to the first channel ratio R1 (first channel area S1).
- the second channel ratio R2 is different from the first channel ratio R1 (R1 ⁇ R2).
- the second channel ratio R2 is specifically less than the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1).
- the plurality of cell regions 75 includes a region between two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other, a region between one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 adjacent to each other. It is divided into a region and a region between two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the three types of total channel ratios RT include a first total channel ratio RT1, a second total channel ratio RT2, and a third total channel ratio RT3.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is applied to the region between two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other. Due to the structure, the second channel region 111 is not formed in the region between the two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is the total value of the first channel ratio R1 of the two first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 may be adjusted to, for example, 60% or more and 80% or less.
- the first total channel ratio RT1 is adjusted to 75% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 on one side and the first channel ratio R1 on the other side are each 37.5%.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is applied to the region between one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 which are adjacent to each other.
- a first channel region 91 and a second channel region 111 are structurally formed.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is the total value of the first channel ratio R1 and the second channel ratio R2.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 may be adjusted to more than 40% and less than 60% as an example.
- the second total channel ratio RT2 is adjusted to 50% in this embodiment.
- the first channel ratio R1 is 25% and the second channel ratio R2 is 25%.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is applied to the region between the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other. Due to the structure, the first channel region 91 is not formed in the region between the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is the total value of the second channel ratio R2 of the two second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 may be adjusted to 20% or more and 40% or less.
- the third total channel ratio RT3 is adjusted to 25% in this embodiment.
- the second channel ratio R2 on one side and the second channel ratio R2 on the other side are each 12.5%.
- the first channel region 91 occupies more than 50% (1/2) of all channels. In this configuration, the first channel region 91 occupies 62.5% of all channels, and the second channel region 111 occupies 37.5% of all channels. That is, the second channel ratio R2 is less than the first channel ratio R1 (R2 ⁇ R1).
- the average channel ratio RAV is 50% in this embodiment.
- the plurality of trench contact structures 120 include a plurality of first trench contact structures 202 and a plurality of second trench contact structures 203.
- the plurality of first trench contact structures 202 are connected to the one ends of the corresponding plurality of first trench gate structures 60 at intervals from the plurality of second trench gate structures 70.
- the plurality of first trench contact structures 202 are formed in an arch shape in a plan view.
- the plurality of second trench contact structures 203 are connected to one end portions of the corresponding plurality of second trench gate structures 70 at intervals from the plurality of first trench gate structures 60.
- the plurality of second trench contact structures 203 are formed in an arch shape in a plan view.
- Each first trench contact structure 202 includes a first contact trench 204, a first contact insulating layer 205 and a first contact electrode 206.
- the first contact trench 204, the first contact insulating layer 205, and the first contact electrode 206 have structures corresponding to the first gate trench 81, the first gate insulating layer 192, and the first gate electrode 193, respectively. ing.
- each first trench contact structure 202 the first contact trench 204 communicates with one end of a plurality of first gate trenches 81 adjacent to each other.
- the first contact insulating layer 205 is integrated with the first gate insulating layer 192 at a communication portion between each first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 204.
- the first contact electrode 206 is integrated with the first gate electrode 193 at a communication portion between each first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 204.
- Each second trench contact structure 203 includes a second contact trench 207, a second contact insulating layer 208, and a second contact electrode 209.
- the second contact trench 207, the second contact insulating layer 208, and the second contact electrode 209 have structures corresponding to the second gate trench 101, the second gate insulating layer 194, and the second gate electrode 195, respectively. ing.
- each second trench contact structure 203 the second contact trench 207 communicates with one end of the plurality of second gate trenches 101 adjacent to each other.
- the second contact insulating layer 208 is integrated with the second gate insulating layer 194 in the communication portion between each second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 207.
- the second contact electrode 209 is integrated with the second gate electrode 195 at a communication portion between each second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 207.
- the first gate control wiring 17A is electrically connected to the first gate electrode 193 and the first contact electrode 206
- the second gate control wiring 17B is the second gate electrode 195 and the second gate electrode 195. It is electrically connected to the contact electrode 209.
- FIG. 34A is a cross-sectional perspective view for explaining normal operation of the semiconductor device 201 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 34B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 201 shown in FIG. 33.
- FIGS. 34A and 34B for convenience of description, the structure on the first main surface 3 is omitted and the gate control wiring 17 is simplified.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the first gate electrode 193 and the second gate electrode 195 are turned on.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- FIG. 34A the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 in the ON state are shown by dot-shaped hatching.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistance Ron ⁇ A is lower than that in the case where the characteristic channel ratio RC is less than 50%.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the first gate electrode 193 is turned off and the second gate electrode 195 is turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first channel region 91 in the off state is shown by solid hatching
- the second channel region 111 in the on state is shown by dot-like hatching.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation. Specifically, the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation is less than 1/2 of the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation is 37.5%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 18.75%.
- the active clamp resistance Eac is improved as compared with the case where the characteristic channel ratio RC exceeds 18.75%.
- the semiconductor device 201 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 191.
- a plurality (two in this embodiment) of first FET structures 58 and a plurality (two in this embodiment) of second FET structures 68 are alternately arranged in a plurality of plurality of first FET structures 58.
- a 1FET structure 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- the first channel region 91 can be formed without being connected to the second channel region 111 in the region between the plurality of first FET structures 58 adjacent to each other. Therefore, since the first channel region 91 can be formed appropriately, the first channel ratio R1 can be adjusted appropriately.
- the second channel region 111 can be formed without being connected to the first channel region 91 in the region between the plurality of second FET structures 68 adjacent to each other. Therefore, the second channel region 111 can be appropriately formed, and the second channel ratio R2 can be appropriately adjusted. Thereby, the average channel ratio RAV and the characteristic channel ratio RC can be appropriately adjusted.
- 35 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 7, and is a partially cutaway sectional perspective view showing a semiconductor device 211 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the structures corresponding to those described for the semiconductor device 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the semiconductor device 1 includes a trench gate type first FET structure 58 and a trench gate type second FET structure 68.
- the semiconductor device 211 includes a first planar gate type FET structure 58 and a second planar gate type FET structure 68.
- a specific structure of the semiconductor device 211 will be described.
- a plurality of body regions 55 are formed in the surface layer portion of the first main surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the plurality of body regions 55 are regions that are the basis of the power MISFET 9.
- the plurality of body regions 55 are formed at intervals along the first direction X and extend in a strip shape along the second direction Y.
- the plurality of body regions 55 are formed in a stripe shape as a whole in a plan view.
- Each first FET structure 58 includes a first source region 92 formed in the surface layer portion of each body region 55.
- the first source region 92 extends in a strip shape along the second direction Y.
- Each second FET structure 68 includes a second source region 112 formed in the surface layer portion of each body region 55. Specifically, the second source regions 112 are formed at intervals along the first direction X and extend in a strip shape along the second direction Y.
- Each first FET structure 58 and each second FET structure 68 includes a p + -type contact region 212 formed in the surface layer portion of each body region 55.
- the contact region 212 is shared by the first FET structure 58 and the second FET structure 68.
- the contact region 212 is formed in a region between the first source region 92 and the second source region 112.
- the contact region 212 extends in a strip shape along the second direction Y.
- the first FET structure 58 includes a first planar gate structure 213 formed on the first major surface 3 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the first planar gate structure 213 extends in a strip shape along the second direction Y and faces the drift region 54, the body region 55, and the first source region 92.
- each first planar gate structure 213 includes a first gate insulating layer 214 and a first gate electrode 215.
- the first gate insulating layer 214 is formed on the first major surface 3.
- the first gate insulating layer 214 covers the drift region 54, the body region 55, and the first source region 92 on the first main surface 3.
- the first gate electrode 215 faces the drift region 54, the body region 55, and the first source region 92 with the first gate insulating layer 214 interposed therebetween.
- the first channel region 91 of the first MISFET 56 is formed in the body region 55 between the drift region 54 and the first source region 92.
- the first channel region 91 faces the first gate electrode 215 with the first gate insulating layer 214 interposed therebetween.
- the second FET structure 68 includes a second planar gate structure 223 formed on the second major surface 4 of the semiconductor layer 2.
- the second planar gate structure 223 extends in a strip shape along the second direction Y and faces the drift region 54, the body region 55, and the second source region 112.
- Each second planar gate structure 223 specifically includes a second gate insulating layer 224 and a second gate electrode 225.
- the second gate insulating layer 224 is formed on the second major surface 4.
- the second gate insulating layer 224 covers the drift region 54, the body region 55, and the second source region 112 on the second main surface 4.
- the second gate electrode 225 faces the drift region 54, the body region 55, and the second source region 112 with the second gate insulating layer 224 interposed therebetween.
- the second channel region 111 of the second MISFET 57 is formed in the body region 55 between the drift region 54 and the second source region 112.
- the second channel region 111 faces the second gate electrode 225 with the second gate insulating layer 224 in between.
- An interlayer insulating layer 142 is formed on the first main surface 3.
- a plurality of source openings 230 are formed in the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- Each source opening 230 is formed in a portion that covers a region between the first planar gate structure 213 and the second planar gate structure 223 adjacent to each other in the interlayer insulating layer 142.
- Each source opening 230 exposes the first source region 92, the second source region 112 and the contact region 212.
- the source electrode 12 is formed on the interlayer insulating layer 142 so as to enter each source opening 230.
- the source electrode 12 is electrically connected to the first source region 92, the second source region 112, and the contact region 212 in each source opening 230.
- the first gate control wiring 17A is electrically connected to the first gate electrode 193
- the second gate control wiring 17B is electrically connected to the second gate electrode 195. ..
- FIG. 36A is a sectional perspective view for explaining a normal operation of the semiconductor device 211 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 36B is a sectional perspective view for explaining the active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 211 shown in FIG.
- the first ON signal Von1 is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the second ON signal Von2 is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 each have a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the first ON signal Von1 and the second ON signal Von2 may have the same voltage.
- the first gate electrode 193 and the second gate electrode 195 are turned on.
- both the first channel region 91 and the second channel region 111 are controlled to be in the ON state.
- both the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 are driven (Full-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation is 100%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during normal operation is 50%.
- the sheet resistance Ron ⁇ A is lower than that in the case where the characteristic channel ratio RC is less than 50%.
- the off signal Voff is input to the first gate control wiring 17A and the clamp on signal VCon is input to the second gate control wiring 17B.
- the off signal Voff and the clamp on signal VCon are input from the control IC 10, respectively.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage (for example, a reference voltage) lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth.
- the clamp-on signal VCon may have a voltage that is lower than or lower than the voltage during normal operation.
- the first gate electrode 193 is turned off and the second gate electrode 195 is turned on.
- the first channel region 91 is controlled to the off state and the second channel region 111 is controlled to the on state.
- the first MISFET 56 is controlled to the off state, while the second MISFET 57 is controlled to the on state (second Half-ON control).
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation exceeds zero and becomes less than the channel utilization rate RU during the normal operation.
- the channel utilization rate RU during the active clamp operation is 50%.
- the characteristic channel ratio RC during the active clamp operation is 25%.
- the active clamp resistance Eac is improved as compared with the case where the characteristic channel ratio RC exceeds 25%.
- the semiconductor device 211 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 1.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view of the semiconductor device 241 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction.
- the structures corresponding to those described for the semiconductor device 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the semiconductor device 1 is the switching device on the high side.
- the semiconductor device 1 can also be provided as a low-side switching device.
- one mode example of the semiconductor device 1 manufactured as the low-side switching device will be described as a semiconductor device 241 according to the ninth embodiment.
- the structure (control example) of the power MISFET 9 incorporated in the semiconductor device 241 is not limited to the structure (control example) of the power MISFET 9 according to the first embodiment, and the second, third, fourth embodiments, and Any one of the structures (control examples) of the power MISFET 9 shown in the fifth embodiment, the sixth embodiment, the seventh embodiment, and the eighth embodiment is applied.
- any one of the description of the structure (control example) of the power MISFET 9 according to the first to eighth embodiments is applied mutatis mutandis.
- the semiconductor device 241 includes the semiconductor layer 2 as in the first embodiment and the like.
- the output region 6 and the input region 7 are defined in the semiconductor layer 2 as in the first embodiment and the like.
- the output region 6 includes the power MISFET 9.
- the input area 7 includes a control IC 10.
- a plurality of (three in this embodiment) electrodes 11, 12, 13 are formed on the semiconductor layer 2.
- a plurality of electrodes 11 to 13 are shown by hatching.
- the number, arrangement and planar shape of the plurality of electrodes 11 to 13 are arbitrary, and are not limited to the form shown in FIG.
- the plurality of electrodes 11 to 13 include a drain electrode 11 (output electrode), a source electrode 12 (reference voltage electrode) and an input electrode 13.
- the drain electrode 11 is formed on the second main surface 4 of the semiconductor layer 2 as in the first embodiment and the like.
- the drain electrode 11 transmits the electric signal generated by the power MISFET 9 to the outside.
- the source electrode 12 is formed on the output region 6 on the first main surface 3 as in the first embodiment and the like.
- the source electrode 12 provides a reference voltage (eg, ground voltage) to various functional circuits of the power MISFET 9 and the control IC 10.
- the input electrode 13 is formed on the input region 7 on the first main surface 3 as in the first embodiment and the like.
- the input electrode 13 transmits an input voltage for driving the control IC 10.
- the gate control wiring 17 as an example of the control wiring is formed on the semiconductor layer 2.
- the gate control wiring 17 includes a first gate control wiring 17A, a second gate control wiring 17B and a third gate control wiring 17C.
- the gate control wiring 17 is selectively routed to the output region 6 and the input region 7.
- the gate control wiring 17 is electrically connected to the gate of the power MISFET 9 in the output region 6 and electrically connected to the control IC 10 in the input region 7.
- FIG. 38 is a block circuit diagram showing the electrical structure of the semiconductor device 241 shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor device 241 is mounted on a vehicle will be described as an example.
- the semiconductor device 241 includes a drain electrode 11 as an output electrode, a source electrode 12 as a reference voltage electrode, an input electrode 13, a gate control wiring 17, a power MISFET 9 and a control IC 10.
- the drain electrode 11 is electrically connected to the drain of the power MISFET 9.
- the drain electrode 11 is connected to the load.
- the source electrode 12 is electrically connected to the source of the power MISFET 9.
- the source electrode 12 provides a reference voltage to the power MISFET 9 and the control IC 10.
- the input electrode 13 may be connected to the MCU, DC/DC converter, LDO, or the like.
- the input electrode 13 provides an input voltage to the control IC 10.
- the gate of the power MISFET 9 is connected to the control IC 10 (gate control circuit 25 described later) via the gate control wiring 17.
- control IC 10 includes a current/voltage control circuit 23, a protection circuit 24, a gate control circuit 25, and an active clamp circuit 26.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 is connected to the source electrode 12, the input electrode 13, the protection circuit 24, and the gate control circuit 25.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 generates various voltages according to the electric signal from the input electrode 13 and the electric signal from the protection circuit 24.
- the current/voltage control circuit 23 includes a drive voltage generation circuit 30, a first constant voltage generation circuit 31, a second constant voltage generation circuit 32, and a reference voltage/reference current generation circuit 33.
- the drive voltage generation circuit 30 generates a drive voltage for driving the gate control circuit 25.
- the drive voltage generated by the drive voltage generation circuit 30 is input to the gate control circuit 25.
- the first constant voltage generation circuit 31 generates a first constant voltage for driving the protection circuit 24.
- the first constant voltage generation circuit 31 may include a Zener diode and a regulator circuit.
- the first constant voltage is input to the protection circuit 24 (for example, the overcurrent protection circuit 34).
- the second constant voltage generation circuit 32 generates a second constant voltage for driving the protection circuit 24.
- the second constant voltage generation circuit 32 may include a Zener diode or a regulator circuit.
- the second constant voltage is input to the protection circuit 24 (for example, the overheat protection circuit 36).
- the reference voltage/reference current generation circuit 33 generates reference voltages and reference currents for various circuits.
- the reference voltage and the reference current are input to various circuits.
- various circuits include a comparator, the reference voltage and the reference current may be input to the comparator.
- the protection circuit 24 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23, the gate control circuit 25, and the source of the power MISFET 9.
- the protection circuit 24 includes an overcurrent protection circuit 34 and an overheat protection circuit 36.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 protects the power MISFET 9 from overcurrent.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 is connected to the gate control circuit 25.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 may include a current monitor circuit.
- the signal generated by the overcurrent protection circuit 34 is input to the gate control circuit 25 (specifically, the drive signal output circuit 40 described later).
- the overheat protection circuit 36 protects the power MISFET 9 from excessive temperature rise.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 monitors the temperature of the semiconductor device 241.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 may include a temperature sensitive device such as a temperature sensitive diode or a thermistor.
- the signal generated by the overheat protection circuit 36 is input to the current/voltage control circuit 23.
- the gate control circuit 25 controls the ON state and the OFF state of the power MISFET 9.
- the gate control circuit 25 is connected to the current/voltage control circuit 23, the protection circuit 24, and the gate of the power MISFET 9.
- the gate control circuit 25 generates a plurality of types of gate control signals according to the number of gate control wirings 17 according to the electric signal from the current/voltage control circuit 23 and the electric signal from the protection circuit 24. A plurality of types of gate control signals are input to the gate of the power MISFET 9 via the gate control wiring 17.
- the gate control circuit 25 specifically includes an oscillation circuit 38, a charge pump circuit 39, and a drive signal output circuit 40.
- the oscillating circuit 38 oscillates in response to the electric signal from the current/voltage control circuit 23 to generate a predetermined electric signal.
- the electric signal generated by the oscillator circuit 38 is input to the charge pump circuit 39.
- the charge pump circuit 39 boosts the electric signal from the oscillation circuit 38.
- the electric signal boosted by the charge pump circuit 39 is input to the drive signal output circuit 40.
- the drive signal output circuit 40 generates a plurality of types of gate control signals according to the electric signal from the charge pump circuit 39 and the electric signal from the protection circuit 24 (specifically, the overcurrent protection circuit 34). A plurality of types of gate control signals are input to the gate of the power MISFET 9 via the gate control wiring 17. As a result, the power MISFET 9 is drive-controlled.
- the active clamp circuit 26 protects the power MISFET 9 from back electromotive force.
- the active clamp circuit 26 is connected to the drain electrode 11 and the gate of the power MISFET 9.
- FIG. 39 is a circuit diagram for explaining a normal operation and an active clamp operation of the semiconductor device 241 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 40 is a waveform diagram of main electric signals applied to the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 39.
- the inductive load L is connected to the power MISFET 9.
- a device using windings (coils) such as a solenoid, a motor, a transformer, and a relay is exemplified as the inductive load L.
- the inductive load L is also referred to as L load.
- the source of the power MISFET 9 is connected to the ground.
- the drain of the power MISFET 9 is electrically connected to the inductive load L.
- the gate and drain of the power MISFET 9 are connected to the active clamp circuit 26.
- the gate and the source of the power MISFET 9 are connected to the resistor R.
- the active clamp circuit 26 includes k (k is a natural number) Zener diodes DZ bias-connected to each other.
- the power MISFET 9 switches from the off state to the on state (normal operation).
- the ON signal Von has a voltage equal to or higher than the gate threshold voltage Vth (Vth ⁇ Von).
- the power MISFET 9 is maintained in the ON state for a predetermined ON time TON.
- the drain current ID starts flowing from the drain of the power MISFET 9 toward the source.
- the drain current ID increases in proportion to the ON time TON of the power MISFET 9.
- the inductive load L accumulates inductive energy due to the increase in the drain current ID.
- the off signal Voff When the off signal Voff is input to the gate of the power MISFET 9, the power MISFET 9 switches from the on state to the off state.
- the off signal Voff has a voltage lower than the gate threshold voltage Vth (Voff ⁇ Vth).
- the off signal Voff may be a reference voltage (eg, ground voltage).
- the power MISFET 9 enters the active clamp state (active clamp operation).
- the drain voltage VDS rapidly rises to the clamp voltage VDSSCL.
- the power MISFET 9 will be destroyed.
- the power MISFET 9 is designed so that the clamp voltage VDSSCL is equal to or lower than the maximum rated drain voltage VDSS (VDSSCL ⁇ VDSS).
- the limit voltage VL is formed between the terminals of the active clamp circuit 26.
- the reverse current IZ passes through the resistor R and reaches the ground.
- the inter-terminal voltage VR is formed between the terminals of the resistor R.
- the terminal voltage VR is applied between the gate and source of the power MISFET 9 as the clamp-on voltage VCLP. Therefore, the power MISFET 9 maintains the ON state in the active clamp state.
- the clamp-on voltage VCLP (voltage between terminals VR) may have a voltage lower than the on-signal Von.
- the inductive energy of the inductive load L is consumed (absorbed) in the power MISFET 9.
- the drain current ID decreases from the peak value IAV immediately before the power MISFET 9 is turned off to zero after the active clamp time TAV.
- the gate voltage VGS becomes the ground voltage
- the drain voltage VDS becomes the power supply voltage VB
- the power MISFET 9 is switched from the ON state to the OFF state.
- the active clamp resistance Eac of the power MISFET 9 is defined by the resistance during active clamp operation.
- the active clamp tolerance Eac is defined by the tolerance against the counter electromotive force generated due to the inductive energy of the inductive load L when the power MISFET 9 transitions from the on state to the off state.
- the active clamp resistance Eac is defined by the resistance to energy generated due to the clamp voltage VDSSCL, as has been clarified in the circuit example of FIG.
- the semiconductor device 241 can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 1.
- the third gate control wiring 17C is controlled. It may be electrically connected to the source electrode 12 instead of the IC.
- the third gate control wiring 17C may be led out from the source electrode 12. Therefore, the reference voltage (eg, ground voltage) is transmitted from the source electrode 12 to the first bottom side electrode 86 and the second bottom side electrode 106 via the third gate control wiring 17C. With such a structure, the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 1 and the like can be obtained.
- the reference voltage eg, ground voltage
- the arrangement of the plurality of first FET structures 58 and the plurality of second FET structures 68 is It is optional.
- the plurality of second FET structures 68 may be alternately arranged with the plurality of first FET structures 58 with the plurality of first FET structures 58 sandwiched therebetween.
- the plurality of second FET structures 68 and the plurality of first FET structures 58 sandwich two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten first FET structures 58. They may be arranged alternately.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 may be alternately arranged with the plurality of first FET structures 58 with the plurality of second FET structures 68 sandwiched therebetween.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 and the plurality of second FET structures 68 sandwich two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten second FET structures 68. They may be arranged alternately.
- a group of a plurality (two or more) of the first FET structures 58 and a group of a plurality (two or more) of the second FET structures 68 may be arranged alternately with each other.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 and the plurality of second FET structures 68 may be formed in such a manner that a group of the plurality of first FET structures 58 and one second FET structure 68 are alternately arranged.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 and the plurality of second FET structures 68 may be formed in such a manner that the groups of one first FET structure 58 and the plurality of second FET structures 68 are alternately arranged.
- the plurality of first FET structures 58 and/or the plurality of second FET structures 68 are arranged as a group, a bias in the temperature distribution of the semiconductor layer 2 is likely to be formed. Therefore, it is preferable that no more than four first FET structures 58 and/or no more than four second FET structures 68 be arranged in groups.
- the value of the total channel ratio RT in each cell region 75 is arbitrary as long as the channel utilization ratio RU during active clamp operation and the channel utilization ratio RU during normal operation can be controlled appropriately.
- the total channel ratio RT including the first total channel ratio RT1, the second total channel ratio RT2, and the third total channel ratio RT3 is applied to the plurality of cell regions 75 will be described. did.
- a plurality of types (two or more types) of total channel ratios RT having different values may be applied to the plurality of cell regions 75.
- two, three, four, five or six or more total channel ratios RT having different values may be applied to the plurality of cell regions 75.
- the power MISFET 9 has been described as an example including the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57.
- the power MISFET 9 may include two, three, four, five or six or more MISFETs that can be controlled independently of each other.
- a plurality (two or more) of MISFETs can be formed simply by changing the number of gate control wirings 17 connected to the trench gate structure.
- control IC 10 controls a plurality of (two or more) MISFETs so that the channel utilization rate RU during active clamp operation exceeds zero and is less than the channel utilization rate RU during normal operation.
- the gate control wiring 17 may be formed in a layer different from the drain electrode 11, the source electrode 12, the input electrode 13, the reference voltage electrode 14, the ENABLE electrode 15, and the SENSE electrode 16, They may be formed on the same layer. Further, in the gate control wiring 17, the first gate control wiring 17A, the second gate control wiring 17B, and the third gate control wiring 17C may be formed in different layers, or may be formed in the same layer. Good.
- the p-type semiconductor portion may be the n-type semiconductor portion and the n-type semiconductor portion may be the p-type semiconductor portion.
- the “n-type” portion is read as “p-type” and the “p-type” portion is read as “n-type”.
- FIG. 41 is a perspective view showing the semiconductor package 301 through the sealing resin 307.
- 42 is a plan view of FIG. 41.
- the semiconductor package 301 is a so-called SOP (Small Outline Package) in this embodiment.
- the semiconductor package 301 includes a die pad 302, a semiconductor chip 303, a conductive bonding material 304, a plurality (8 in this embodiment) of lead electrodes 305A to 305H, a plurality (8 in this embodiment) of conductive wires 306A to 306H, and a sealing resin. Including 307.
- the die pad 302 is made of a metal plate formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the die pad 302 may include iron, aluminum or copper.
- the semiconductor chip 303 includes any one of the semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, and 241 according to the first to ninth embodiments.
- the semiconductor chip 303 includes the semiconductor device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the semiconductor chip 303 is arranged on the die pad 302 with the second main surface 4 facing the die pad 302.
- the drain electrode 11 of the semiconductor chip 303 is connected to the die pad 302 via the conductive bonding material 304.
- the conductive bonding material 304 may be metal paste or solder.
- the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H includes a first lead electrode 305A, a second lead electrode 305B, a third lead electrode 305C, a fourth lead electrode 305D, a fifth lead electrode 305E, a sixth lead electrode 305F, and a seventh lead electrode 305G. And an eighth lead electrode 305H.
- the number of lead electrodes is selected according to the function of the semiconductor chip 303 and is not limited to the number shown in FIGS. 41 and 42.
- the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H may contain iron, aluminum or copper.
- the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H are arranged around the die pad 302 at intervals from the die pad 302.
- the four lead electrodes 305A to 305D are arranged at intervals along one side of the die pad 302.
- the remaining four lead electrodes 305E to 305H are arranged at intervals along the side of the die pad 302 opposite to the side on which the lead electrodes 305A to 305D are arranged.
- the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H are each formed in a strip shape extending along a direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction.
- the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H have one end facing the die pad 302 and the other end on the opposite side.
- One ends of the lead electrodes 305A to 305H are internally connected to the semiconductor chip 303.
- the other ends of the lead electrodes 305A to 305H are externally connected to a connection target such as a mounting board.
- the plurality of conductors 306A to 306H include a first conductor 306A, a second conductor 306B, a third conductor 306C, a fourth conductor 306D, a fifth conductor 306E, a sixth conductor 306F, a seventh conductor 306G and an eighth conductor 306H.
- the number of conducting wires is selected according to the function of the semiconductor chip 303 (semiconductor device), and is not limited to the number shown in FIGS. 41 and 42.
- the first conducting wire 306A is electrically connected to one end of the first lead electrode 305A and the source electrode 12.
- the first conducting wire 306A is made of a metal clip in this embodiment.
- the first conducting wire 306A may include iron, gold, aluminum or copper.
- the first conducting wire 306A efficiently dissipates the heat generated in the power MISFET 9 to the outside.
- the first conducting wire 306A may be made of a bonding wire.
- the second conducting wire 306B is electrically connected to one end of the second lead electrode 305B and the reference voltage electrode 14.
- the third conducting wire 306C is electrically connected to one end of the third lead electrode 305C and the ENABLE electrode 15.
- the fourth conducting wire 306D is electrically connected to one end of the fourth lead electrode 305D and the SENSE electrode 16.
- the fifth conducting wire 306E is electrically connected to one end of the fifth lead electrode 305E and the die pad 302.
- the sixth conducting wire 306F is electrically connected to one end of the sixth lead electrode 305F and the die pad 302.
- the seventh conducting wire 306G is electrically connected to one end of the seventh lead electrode 305G and the input electrode 13.
- the eighth conductive wire 306H is electrically connected to one end of the eighth lead electrode 305H and the die pad 302.
- the second to eighth conductive wires 306B to 306H are bonding wires in this embodiment.
- the second to eighth conducting wires 306B to 306H may contain gold, aluminum or copper, respectively.
- the connection form of the plurality of conducting wires 306A to 306H to the semiconductor chip 303 and the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H is arbitrary and is not limited to the connection form shown in FIGS. 41 and 42.
- the sealing resin 307 seals the semiconductor chip 303, the die pad 302, one end of the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H and the plurality of conductive wires 306A to 306H so that the other ends of the plurality of lead electrodes 305A to 305H are exposed. doing.
- the sealing resin 307 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the sealing resin 307 may include an epoxy resin.
- the form of the semiconductor package 301 is not limited to SOP.
- TO Transistor Outline
- QFN Quadrature
- DFP Downlink Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packet Packe (Gad Flat Package), SIP (Single Inline Package), or , SOJ (Small Outline J-leaded Package), or various forms similar thereto may be applied.
- the semiconductor package 301 (semiconductor device 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241) may be incorporated in a circuit module as shown in FIG. 43.
- FIG. 43 is a plan view showing a part of the circuit module 311 according to the first example.
- the circuit module 311 includes a mounting substrate 312, a plurality of wirings 313, a semiconductor package 301 (semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241), and a conductive property.
- a bonding material 314 is included.
- the mounting board 312 includes a main surface 315.
- the plurality of wirings 313 are formed on the main surface 315 of the mounting substrate 312.
- the semiconductor package 301 semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241 is mounted on a mounting substrate 312 so as to be electrically connected to a plurality of wirings 313 via a conductive bonding material 314. It is implemented in.
- the conductive bonding material 314 may be metal paste or solder.
- the semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241 having only the power MISFET 9 may be adopted. Further, the semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241 having only the power MISFET 9 may be incorporated in the above-mentioned semiconductor package 301.
- the semiconductor package 301 (semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241) having only the power MISFET 9 may be incorporated in a circuit module as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 44 is a plan view showing a part of the circuit module 321 according to the second form example.
- the circuit module 321 includes a mounting substrate 322, a plurality of wirings 323, a semiconductor package 301 (semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241), a first conductivity type.
- the bonding material 324, the control IC device 325, and the second conductive bonding material 326 are included.
- the mounting board 322 includes a main surface 327.
- the plurality of wirings 323 are formed on the main surface 327 of the mounting substrate 322.
- the semiconductor package 301 is mounted on the mounting board 322.
- the semiconductor package 301 is electrically connected to the plurality of wirings 323 via the first conductive bonding material 324.
- the first conductive bonding material 324 may be metal paste or solder.
- the control IC device 325 includes the control IC 10 (see FIGS. 2 and 38).
- the control IC device 325 is mounted on the mounting board 322.
- the control IC device 325 is electrically connected to the plurality of wirings 323 via the second conductive bonding material 326.
- the control IC device 325 is further electrically connected to the semiconductor package 301 via a plurality of wirings 323.
- the electrical connection mode of the control IC device 325 to the semiconductor package 301 is the same as in FIG.
- the control IC device 325 externally controls the semiconductor package 301 (semiconductor devices 1, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201, 211, 241).
- a circuit network having the same function as the control IC 10 may be mounted on the mounting board 322.
- a circuit network having the same function as the control IC 10 may be configured by mounting a plurality of discrete devices or IC chips having arbitrary functions on the mounting substrate 322.
- control IC 10 and the circuit network having the same function as the control IC 10 in each of the above-described embodiments is arbitrary, and all functional circuits (that is, the sensor MISFET 21, the input circuit 22, the current/voltage control circuit 23, the protection circuit) are protected. It is not always necessary to include the circuit 24, the gate control circuit 25, the active clamp circuit 26, the current detection circuit 27, the power supply reverse connection protection circuit 28, and the abnormality detection circuit 29), and some functional circuits may be removed.
- FIG. 45 is a sectional perspective view of a region corresponding to FIG. 26, and is a sectional perspective view showing a modified example of the semiconductor device 171 according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 46 is a plan view showing the main part of the semiconductor layer 2 shown in FIG. In the following, structures corresponding to those described for the semiconductor device 171 are designated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the gate control wiring 17 (first gate control wiring 17A and second gate control wiring 17B) is shown in a simplified manner.
- the plurality of first trench contact structures 162 are each formed in an arch shape in plan view and are connected to a group of a plurality of first trench gate structures 60 adjacent to each other.
- the plurality of second trench contact structures 163 are each formed in an arch shape in a plan view and are connected to a group of a plurality of second trench gate structures 70 adjacent to each other. There is.
- semiconductor device 171 in semiconductor device 171 according to the modification, a plurality of plural first FET structures 58 and one second FET structure 68 are alternately arranged. A first FET structure 58 and a plurality of second FET structures 68 are formed.
- one or a plurality (one in this example) of the first trench contact structure 162 is formed in an arch shape in a plan view, and one end of the plurality of second trench gate structures 70 is formed.
- the first trench gate structures 60 are connected to one ends of the plurality of first trench gate structures 60 at intervals.
- one or a plurality (one in this example) of the second trench contact structures 163 are formed in an arch shape in a plan view, and other than the plurality of the first trench gate structures 60.
- the second trench gate structures 70 are connected to the other ends of the plurality of second trench gate structures 70 at intervals from the ends.
- the first trench structure 172 that integrally includes the plurality of first trench gate structures 60 and the first trench contact structure 162, and the plurality of second trench gate structures 70 and the second trench contact structure 163 are integrally formed.
- a second trench structure 173 including is formed.
- the first trench structure 172 is formed in a comb tooth shape in a plan view.
- the second trench structure 173 is formed in a comb tooth shape that meshes with the first trench structure 172 in a plan view.
- the first contact trench 164 of the first trench contact structure 162 communicates with one end of the plurality of first gate trenches 81.
- the first contact insulating layer 165 is integrated with the first insulating layer 82 at a communication portion between each first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 164.
- the first contact insulating layer 165 includes a lead insulating layer 165A drawn into each of the first gate trenches 81, and the first bottom insulating layer in each of the first gate trenches 81 across the communicating portion. It is integrated with 84 and the first opening side insulating layer 85.
- the first contact electrode 166 is integrated with the first bottom-side electrode 86 at a communication portion between each first gate trench 81 and the first contact trench 164.
- the first contact electrode 166 includes a lead electrode 166A drawn into each first gate trench 81, and the first contact electrode 166 is electrically connected to the first bottom electrode 86 in each first gate trench 81 across the communicating portion. Connected to each other.
- the first intermediate insulating layer 88 is interposed between the first contact electrode 166 and the first opening side electrode 87.
- the second contact trench 167 of the second trench contact structure 163 communicates with the other end of the plurality of second gate trenches 101.
- the second contact insulating layer 168 is integrated with the second insulating layer 102 at a communication portion between each second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 167.
- the second contact insulating layer 168 specifically includes a lead insulating layer 168A drawn into each second gate trench 101, and a second bottom insulating layer in each second gate trench 101 across the communicating portion. It is integrated with 104 and the second opening side insulating layer 105.
- the second contact electrode 169 is integrated with the second bottom-side electrode 106 at the communication portion between each second gate trench 101 and the second contact trench 167.
- the second contact electrode 169 includes a lead electrode 169A drawn into each second gate trench 101, and electrically connects to the second bottom side electrode 106 in each second gate trench 101 across the communicating portion. Connected to each other.
- the second intermediate insulating layer 108 is interposed between the second contact electrode 169 and the second opening side electrode 107.
- the plurality of cell regions 75 are divided into regions between one first FET structure 58 and one second FET structure 68 that are adjacent to each other.
- the total channel ratio RT in each cell region 75 is 50% in this example.
- the total channel ratio RT in each cell region 75 is arbitrary, and is appropriately adjusted according to the sheet resistivity Ron ⁇ A and the active clamp withstand amount Eac to be achieved as in the other embodiments.
- the semiconductor device 171 has a plurality of cell connections that connect a plurality of cell regions 75 adjacent to each other in the region on the other end side of the first trench gate structure 60 and the region on the one end side of the second trench gate structure 70. Includes section 174.
- the plurality of cell connecting portions 174 extend in a direction orthogonal to the plurality of cell regions 75.
- the plurality of cell connecting portions 174 expose the body regions 55 from the first main surface 3, respectively.
- the plurality of cell connecting units 174 specifically include a plurality of first cell connecting units 174A and a plurality of second cell connecting units 174B.
- the plurality of first cell connection portions 174A are interposed between one end of the second trench gate structure 70 and the first trench contact structure 162, respectively.
- the plurality of second cell connecting portions 174B are respectively interposed between the other end of the first trench gate structure 60 and the second trench contact structure 163. Thereby, the plurality of cell connecting portions 174 connect the plurality of cell regions 75 in a zigzag shape in a plan view.
- the width of the cell connection portion 174 may be 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the width of the cell connecting portion 174 is the width in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the cell connecting portion 174.
- the width of the cell connecting portion 174 is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 0.4 ⁇ m or less, 0.4 ⁇ m or more and 0.6 ⁇ m or less, 0.6 ⁇ m or more and 0.8 ⁇ m or less, 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, and 1.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the cell ratio of the width of the cell connecting portion 174 to the width of the cell region 75 (pitch PS) is preferably 0.1 or more and 1.5 or less.
- the cell ratio is more preferably 0.5 or more and 1 or less.
- the semiconductor device 171 performs the same control as the control described with reference to FIGS. 27A and 27B.
- the description of the control of the semiconductor device 171 in the modified example applies mutatis mutandis to the description of FIGS. 27A and 27B.
- the semiconductor device 171 according to the modification can also achieve the same effects as those described for the semiconductor device 171 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the first to ninth embodiments can be combined in any aspect and in any form therebetween. That is, a semiconductor device in which the features shown in the first to ninth embodiments are combined in any mode and in any form may be adopted.
- a power MISFET 9 a gate control circuit 25
- an active clamp circuit 26 The same reference numerals are given to the already-explained components.
- the semiconductor device X1 is basically the same as the previously described semiconductor device 1 (see FIG. 2). It may be understood that the same component as that of is included.
- first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 which are independently controlled, are integrally formed as the power MISFET 9 that is a single gate division element.
- the active clamp circuit 26 is connected between the drain and the gate of the first MISFET 56, and when the output voltage VOUT of the source electrode 12 becomes a negative voltage, the first MISFET 56 is forcibly turned on (not fully turned off).
- FIG. 49 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the gate control circuit 25 and the active clamp circuit 26 in FIG.
- the cathode of the Zener diode array 261 and the drain of the MISFET 263 are connected to the drain electrode 11 (corresponding to the power supply electrode VBB to which the power supply voltage VB is applied) together with the drains of the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57.
- the anode of the Zener diode array 261 is connected to the anode of the diode array 262.
- the cathode of the diode array 262 is connected to the gate of the MISFET 263.
- An inductive load L such as a coil or a solenoid can be connected to the source electrode 12 as shown in FIGS. 47 and 48.
- the current source 252 is connected between the application end of the boosted voltage VG and the gate of the second MISFET 57, and generates the source current IH2.
- the current source 254 is connected between the gate of the second MISFET 57 and the application terminal of the output voltage VOUT, and generates the sink current IL2.
- the sink currents IL1 and IL2 are extracted from the gates of the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57, respectively.
- the MISFET 256 is connected between the gate and the source of the second MISFET 57, and is turned on/off according to the internal node voltage Vx of the active clamp circuit 26.
- the internal node voltage Vx for example, it is desirable to input the gate voltage of the MISFET 263 as shown in this figure.
- the internal node voltage Vx is not limited to this, and for example, any anode voltage of the n-stage diodes forming the diode array 262 may be used as the internal node voltage Vx.
- the semiconductor device X1 is provided with Zener diodes ZD1 to ZD3, diodes D1 and D2, and depletion N-channel type MISFET DN1 as electrostatic breakdown protection elements. A brief description will be given of each connection relationship.
- the cathodes of the Zener diodes ZD1 and ZD2 are connected to the gates of the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57, respectively.
- the anodes of the Zener diodes ZD1 and ZD2 are connected to the anodes of the diodes D1 and D2, respectively.
- the cathode of the Zener diode ZD3 and the drain of the MISFET DN1 are connected to the gate of the MISFET 263.
- the cathodes of the diodes D1 and D2, the anode of the Zener diode ZD3, and the source, gate, and back gate of the MISFET DN1 are connected to the application terminal of the output voltage VOUT.
- the gate-source voltage of the first MISFET 56 is Vgs1
- the gate-source voltage of the MISFET 263 is Vgs2
- the gate-source voltage of the MISFET 256 is Vgs3
- the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode string 261 is mVZ
- the diode string is The first Half-ON control of the power MISFET 9 during the active clamp operation.
- FIG. 50 is a timing chart showing how the first Half-ON control of the power MISFET 9 is performed during the active clamp operation in the semiconductor device X1.
- the enable signal EN, the output voltage VOUT (solid line), and the gate signal G1 are sequentially arranged from the top. (Dashed line), gate signal G2 (dashed line), and output current IOUT are depicted. In this figure, it is assumed that the inductive load L is connected to the source electrode 12 (output electrode OUT).
- the inductive load L continues to flow the output current IOUT until the energy stored in the ON period of the power MISFET 9 is discharged.
- the output voltage VOUT sharply drops to a negative voltage lower than the ground voltage GND.
- the first MISFET 56 operates by the action of the active clamp circuit 26. Since it is turned on (not fully turned off), the output current IOUT is discharged through the first MISFET 56. Therefore, the output voltage VOUT is limited to the lower limit voltage VB- ⁇ or higher.
- the channel switching voltage VB- ⁇ >VB- ⁇
- the second MISFET 57 is completely stopped by the action of the MISFET 256 before the active clamp circuit 26 operates (before the time t4).
- This state corresponds to the first Half-ON state of the power MISFET 9.
- the semiconductor device 1 capable of achieving both the excellent area resistivity Ron ⁇ A and the excellent active clamp resistance Eac, separately from the trade-off relationship shown in FIG. 13.
- the active clamp resistance Eac is one of the important characteristics for driving a larger inductive load L.
- the example in which the first Half-ON control is applied during the active clamp operation has been described.
- the second Half-ON control may be applied during the active clamp operation.
- the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 may be interchanged and understood.
- FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram showing an electrical structure for performing the above.
- 52 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the power MISFET of FIG. 51 as a first MISFET and a second MISFET.
- a power MISFET 9 a gate control circuit 25
- an active clamp circuit 26 The same reference numerals are given to the already-explained components.
- the semiconductor device X2 is basically the same as the previously described semiconductor device 241 (FIG. 38). It may be understood that the component of is included.
- first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 which are independently controlled, are integrally formed as the power MISFET 9 that is a single gate division element.
- the external control signal IN not only functions as an on/off control signal for the power MISFET 9, but is also used as a power supply voltage for the semiconductor device X2.
- the active clamp circuit 26 is connected between the drain and the gate of the first MISFET 56, and when the output voltage VOUT of the drain electrode 11 becomes an overvoltage, the first MISFET 56 is forcibly turned on (not fully turned off).
- FIG. 53 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of the gate control circuit 25 and the active clamp circuit 26 in FIG.
- An inductive load L such as a coil or a solenoid may be connected to the drain electrode 11 as shown in FIGS.
- the anode of the Zener diode string 264 is connected to the anode of the diode string 265.
- the gate control circuit 25 of this configuration example includes P-channel MOS field effect transistors M1 and M2, N-channel MOS field effect transistor M3, resistors R1H and R1L, resistors R2H and R2L, a resistor R3, and a switch SW1. To SW3.
- the application terminal of the internal node voltage Vy is not limited to the above, and for example, any one of the n-stage diodes forming the diode string 265 may be used as the internal node voltage Vy.
- the second end of the resistor R1H and the source and back gate of the transistor M1 are all connected to the gate of the first MISFET 56.
- the gate of the transistor M1 is connected to the input electrode 13.
- the second end of the resistor R2H and the source and back gate of the transistor M2 are all connected to the gate of the second MISFET 57.
- the drain of the transistor M2 is connected to the first end of the resistor R2L (corresponding to the second lower resistor).
- the gate of the transistor M2 is connected to the input electrode 13.
- the drain of the transistor M3 is connected to the gate of the second MISFET 57.
- the gate of the transistor M3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R3.
- the source and back gate of the transistor M3 and the second end of the resistor R3 are connected to the source electrode 12.
- the gate-source voltage of the first MISFET 56 is Vgs1
- the on-threshold voltage of the transistor M3 is Vth
- the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode string 264 is mVZ
- the forward drop voltage of the diode string 265 is nVF.
- FIG. 54 is a timing chart showing how the first Half-ON control of the power MISFET 9 is performed during the active clamp operation in the semiconductor device X2.
- the external control signal IN, the low voltage detection signal UVLO, and the inverted low voltage are shown in order from the top.
- the detection signal UVLOB, the gate signal G1 (solid line), the gate signal G2 (broken line), the output voltage VOUT, and the output current IOUT are depicted. In this figure, it is assumed that the inductive load L is connected to the drain electrode 11 (output electrode OUT).
- a low level logical level when the power MISFET 9 is turned off
- a high level logical level when the power MISFET 9 is turned on
- the switch SW3 since the switch SW3 is off, the node voltage Vy of the active clamp circuit 26 is not applied to the gate of the transistor M3, and the transistor M3 does not turn on unintentionally.
- the external control signal IN starts transitioning from the high level to the low level.
- the inductive load L continues to flow the output current IOUT until the energy stored in the ON period of the power MISFET 9 is discharged.
- the output voltage VOUT suddenly rises to a voltage higher than the power supply voltage VB.
- the active clamp circuit 26 causes the first MISFET 56 to turn on (not be fully off), so that the output current IOUT is discharged through the first MISFET 56. To be done. Therefore, the output voltage VOUT is limited to the clamp voltage Vclp or less. Such an active clamp operation is continued until time t16 when the energy accumulated in the inductive load L is exhausted and the output current IOUT stops flowing.
- the second MISFET 57 is completely stopped by the action of the transistor M3 before the active clamp circuit 26 operates (before the time t15). This state corresponds to the first Half-ON state of the power MISFET 9.
- the semiconductor device 1 capable of achieving both the excellent area resistivity Ron ⁇ A and the excellent active clamp resistance Eac, separately from the trade-off relationship shown in FIG. 13.
- the active clamp resistance Eac is one of the important characteristics for driving a larger inductive load L.
- the example in which the first Half-ON control is applied during the active clamp operation has been described.
- the second Half-ON control may be applied during the active clamp operation.
- the first MISFET 56 and the second MISFET 57 may be interchanged and understood.
- FIG. 55 is a diagram showing the startup behavior when a capacitive load is connected, and the external control signal IN, the output voltage VOUT, and the output current IOUT are depicted in order from the top.
- the semiconductor device 1 has the above-mentioned overheat protection circuit 36.
- the overheat protection circuit 36 when the temperature Tj of the power MISFET 9 reaches a predetermined upper limit value, or the temperature difference ⁇ Tj between the power MISFET 9 and another circuit block (such as a logic circuit that does not easily generate heat) reaches a predetermined upper limit value. When it reaches, the power MISFET 9 is forcibly turned off.
- the latter overheat protection ( ⁇ Tj protection) is likely to be applied due to the instantaneous heat generation of the power MISFET 9 due to the rush current. Therefore, the power MISFET 9 is forcibly turned off during the startup, and the startup time of the semiconductor device 1 may be extended (see times t22 to t23 and times t24 to t25).
- FIG. 56 is a diagram showing power consumption when a capacitive load is connected, and the output voltage VOUT and the power consumption W are depicted in order from the top.
- any of the resistive load R, the capacitive load C, and the inductive load L can be connected to the source electrode 12.
- the semiconductor device X3 is basically the same as the semiconductor device 1 (see FIG. 2). It may be understood that the same component as that of is included.
- the power MISFET 9 is a gate division transistor whose structure has been described in detail by exemplifying various embodiments. However, the number of gates of the power MISFET 9 is increased from the existing two to three (G11 to G13) in order to realize the three-mode control described later. That is, the power MISFET 9 has a first gate to which the gate signal G11 is input, a second gate to which the gate signal G12 is input, and a third gate to which the gate signal G13 is input. Then, the on-resistance RON of the power MISFET 9 changes in three ways by individual control of the plurality of gate signals G11 to G13 (details will be described later).
- the power MISFET 9 can be equivalently expressed as three MISFETs connected in parallel as shown in the parentheses in this figure. From another point of view, it can be understood that three MISFETs controlled independently of each other are integrally formed as the power MISFET 9 which is a single gate division element.
- the gate control circuit 25 basically sets all the gate signals G11 to G13 to the high level when the enable signal EN is at the high level, while it sets the gate signals G11 to G13 when the enable signal EN is at the low level. Both are low level.
- the internal configuration and operation of the gate control circuit 25 will be described later in detail.
- the output voltage monitoring circuit 27 is a circuit block that monitors the output voltage VOUT and outputs the monitoring result (driving signal Sc) to the gate control circuit 25.
- the output voltage monitoring circuit 27 includes a threshold voltage generation unit 271, a comparator 272, and a delay unit 273. , And a level shifter 274.
- the comparator 272 compares the output voltage VOUT input to the non-inverting input terminal (+) with the threshold voltage Vth input to the inverting input terminal ( ⁇ ) to generate the comparison signal Sa.
- the comparison signal Sa has a low level ( ⁇ VREG) when VOUT ⁇ Vth, and has a high level ( ⁇ VB) when VOUT>Vth.
- the delay unit 273 gives a predetermined delay to the rising edge of the comparison signal Sa to generate the delay signal Sb. More specifically, the delay unit 273 raises the delay signal Sb to a high level ( ⁇ VB) after a lapse of a predetermined delay time Td after the comparison signal Sa rises to a high level, while the comparison signal Sa is increased. When it falls to the low level, the delay signal Sb falls to the low level ( ⁇ VREG) without delay.
- the delay time Td may be set to be equal to or longer than the time required for the output voltage VOUT to exceed the threshold voltage VthH and reach the power supply voltage VB.
- the delay time Td may be a variable value that can be adjusted arbitrarily.
- the level shifter 274 level-shifts the delay signal Vb to generate the drive signal Sc.
- the drive signal Sc becomes a high level ( ⁇ VOUT+Vgs, where Vgs is an on-threshold voltage of the MISFET 25h described later) when the delay signal Vb is at a high level, and a low level ( ⁇ VOUT when the delay signal Vb is at a low level. ).
- the gate control circuit 25 of this configuration example includes current sources 25a to 25f, a controller 25g, and N-channel type MISFETs 25h to 25j.
- the current source 25e is connected between the second gate of the power MISFET 9 and the application terminal of the output voltage VOUT, and generates the sink current IL2.
- the current source 25f is connected between the third gate of the power MISFET 9 and the application terminal of the output voltage VOUT, and generates the sink current IL3.
- the controller 25g turns on the current sources 25a, 25b, 25c and turns off the current sources 25d, 25e, 25f when the enable signal EN is at a high level.
- the source currents IH1, IH2, and IH3 are respectively flown into the first gate, the second gate, and the third gate of the power MISFET 9.
- the gate signals G11, G12, G13 are raised to the high level.
- the controller 25g turns off the current sources 25a, 25b, 25c and turns on the current sources 25d, 25e, 25f when the enable signal EN is at the low level.
- the sink currents IL1, IL2, IL3 are extracted from the first gate, the second gate, and the third gate of the power MISFET 9, respectively.
- the gate signals G11, G12, and G13 fall to the low level.
- the MISFET 25i (corresponding to the second switch) is connected between the first gate and the source of the power MISFET 9, and is turned on/off according to the internal node voltage Vx of the active clamp circuit 26 input to the gate. ..
- the internal node voltage Vx for example, it is desirable to input the gate voltage of the MISFET 263 as shown in this figure.
- the internal node voltage Vx is not limited to this, and for example, any anode voltage of the n-stage diodes forming the diode array 262 may be used as the internal node voltage Vx.
- FIG. 58 is a diagram showing an example of three-mode control, and in order from the top, the enable signal EN, the output voltage VOUT (solid line), the gate signal G11 (dotted line), the gate signal G12 (dotted line), and the gate signal G13. (Dashed line), the comparison signal Sa, the delay signal Sb (and thus the drive signal Sc), the on/off state of the MISFET 25h, and the on/off states of the MISFETs 25i and 25j are depicted.
- at least the inductive load L (for example, the inductance component of the harness) is connected to the source electrode 12 (output electrode OUT).
- the comparison signal Sa rises to high level.
- the delay signal Sb (and thus the drive signal Sc) is maintained at the low level until the delay time Td elapses, the MISFET 25h remains off. Further, the MISFETs 25i and 25j also remain off. Therefore, the characteristic channel ratio RC of the power MISFET 9 is maintained at the maximum value (for example, 75%).
- the inductive load L continues to flow the output current IOUT until it releases the energy stored during the on period of the power MISFET 9.
- the output voltage VOUT sharply drops to a negative voltage lower than the ground voltage GND.
- the active clamp circuit 26 functions to turn on the power MISFET 9 (not fully off), so that the output current IOUT changes to the power MISFET 9. Be discharged through. Therefore, the output voltage VOUT is limited to the lower limit voltage VB- ⁇ or higher.
- the output voltage VOUT changes from the channel switching voltage VB- ⁇ (>VB-).
- the on-resistance RON of the power MISFET 9 becomes lower than the steady value. Therefore, for example, the power consumption W of the power MISFET 9 (see times t31 to t33 in FIG. 56) can be suppressed even in a situation where an excessive rush current may flow at startup (when a capacitive load is connected), and thus overheat protection is possible. (In particular, ⁇ Tj protection) is hard to apply. As a result, it becomes possible to shorten the startup time of the semiconductor device X3.
- the ON resistance RON of the power MISFET 9 is returned to the steady value.
- the difference between the rush current immediately after startup (for example, several tens of amps) and the steady current after completion of startup (several amps) is large, priority is given to prevention of overcurrent rather than reduction of power consumption W, and power MISFET 9 It is desirable to return the on resistance RON of 1 to the steady value without keeping it lowered.
- the ON resistance RON of the power MISFET 9 is in a state of being lowered below the steady value, as in the case of starting the semiconductor device X3. Therefore, the power consumption W of the power MISFET 9 (see times t34 to t36 in FIG. 56) can be suppressed, and the safety of the semiconductor device X3 can be improved.
- the on-resistance RON of the power MISFET 9 is raised above the steady value. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force of the inductive load L, and it is possible to improve the active clamp resistance Eac.
- FIG. 59 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the overcurrent protection circuit 34.
- the overcurrent protection circuit 34 of this configuration example is a circuit block that detects the output current IOUT flowing through the power MISFET 9 and generates the overcurrent protection signal S34 so as to limit it to a predetermined upper limit value Iocp or less, and is an N-channel type. It includes MISFETs 341 and 342, resistors 343 and 344, and current sources 345 and 346.
- the first ends of the current sources 345 and 346 are both connected to the application end of the boosted voltage VG.
- the second end of the current source 345 is connected to the drain of the MISFET 341.
- the second end of the current source 346 is connected to the drain of the MISFET 342.
- the drain of the MISFET 342 is also connected to the gate control circuit 25 as an output terminal of the overcurrent protection signal S34.
- the gates of the MISFETs 341 and 342 are both connected to the drain of the MISFET 341.
- the source of the MISFET 341 is connected to the first end of the resistor 343 (resistance value: Rref).
- the drain of the sensor MISFET 21 is connected to the drain electrode 11.
- the second end of each of the resistors 343 and 344 is connected to the application end of the output voltage VOUT.
- the on-resistance RON of the power MISFET 9 is a variable value and the on-resistance RON2 of the sensor MISFET 21 is a fixed value
- the current ratio between the sense current Is and the output current IOUT is controlled according to the switching control of the on-resistance RON.
- ⁇ (>0) changes.
- the upper limit value Iocp of the output current IOUT is automatically switched according to the ON resistance RON.
- the semiconductor device X3 when the semiconductor device X3 is activated, when the on-resistance RON is lowered below the steady value, the current ratio ⁇ between the sense current Is and the output current IOUT becomes large, so the upper limit value Iocp of the output current IOUT is increased. Becomes higher. Therefore, overcurrent protection is less likely to be applied to the transient rush current, and the semiconductor device X3 can be activated smoothly.
- a semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type first transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type second transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, and the electrically connected to the first transistor and the second transistor. are formed on the semiconductor layer so as to be electrically connected to each other, control the first transistor and the second transistor to be in an ON state during normal operation, and control the first transistor to be in an OFF state during active clamp operation.
- the current can be made to flow by using the first transistor and the second transistor.
- the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the current can be supplied using the second transistor while the first transistor is stopped.
- the back electromotive force can be consumed (absorbed) by the second transistor while suppressing a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force.
- the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, excellent on-resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved at the same time.
- the control wiring is electrically connected to the first transistor, and is electrically connected to the second transistor while being electrically insulated from the first transistor.
- a semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type first transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, an insulated gate type second transistor formed in the semiconductor layer, and the first transistor and the second transistor are electrically connected. Are formed in the semiconductor layer so as to be electrically connected to each other, control the first transistor and the second transistor to be in an ON state during a normal operation, and control the first transistor to be in an OFF state during an active clamp operation.
- the current can be made to flow by using the first transistor and the second transistor.
- the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the current can be supplied using the second transistor while the first transistor is stopped.
- the back electromotive force can be consumed (absorbed) by the second transistor while suppressing a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force.
- the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, excellent on-resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved at the same time.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel increase relatively.
- the current path is relatively increased, so that the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel decrease relatively.
- a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force can be suppressed, so that the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, both excellent ON resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved.
- the control wiring is electrically connected to the first transistor, and is electrically connected to the second transistor in a state of being electrically insulated from the first transistor.
- the semiconductor device according to A4 including a second control wiring.
- An insulating gate type first transistor including a semiconductor layer and a first channel and formed in the semiconductor layer, and an insulated gate type second transistor including a second channel and formed in the semiconductor layer.
- the first channel and the second channel are formed in the semiconductor layer so as to be electrically connected to the first transistor and the second transistor, and the utilization factor of the first channel and the second channel during the active clamp operation exceeds 0,
- a semiconductor device comprising: a control circuit that controls the first transistor and the second transistor so that the utilization rate of the first channel and the second channel during operation is less than the utilization rate of the first channel and the second channel.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel increase relatively.
- the current path is relatively increased, so that the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the utilization rates of the first channel and the second channel decrease relatively.
- a rapid temperature rise due to the back electromotive force can be suppressed, so that the active clamp resistance can be improved. Therefore, both excellent ON resistance and excellent active clamp resistance can be achieved.
- the first channel is formed at a first rate in a plan view
- the second channel is formed at a second rate different from the first rate in a plan view.
- the first transistor includes a first gate structure having a first insulating layer in contact with the semiconductor layer and a first electrode facing the semiconductor layer with the first insulating layer interposed therebetween
- the second transistor is A semiconductor device according to any one of A1 to A8, including a second gate structure having a second insulating layer in contact with the semiconductor layer and a second electrode facing the semiconductor layer with the second insulating layer interposed therebetween. ..
- the plurality of first gate structures are formed at intervals along the first direction, and each of the plurality of first gate structures extends in a strip shape along a second direction intersecting the first direction.
- the semiconductor layer includes a main surface, and the first gate structure includes a first trench formed in the main surface, the first insulating layer along an inner wall of the first trench, and the first trench. It has a first trench gate structure including the first electrode buried in the first trench with an insulating layer interposed therebetween, and the second gate structure has a second trench formed in the main surface and the second trench. Any of A9 to A12, which has a second trench gate structure including the second insulating layer along the inner wall of and a second electrode buried in the second trench with the second insulating layer interposed therebetween.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of the above.
- the first electrode is a first bottom-side electrode buried on the bottom wall side of the first trench with the first insulating layer interposed therebetween, and an opening side of the first trench with the first insulating layer interposed therebetween.
- the second electrode is a second bottom-side electrode that is buried on the bottom wall side of the second trench with the second insulating layer interposed therebetween, and is buried on the opening side of the second trench with the second insulating layer sandwiched therebetween.
- the semiconductor according to A13 which has a second opening-side electrode and an insulation separation-type electrode structure including a second intermediate insulating layer interposed between the second bottom-side electrode and the second opening-side electrode. apparatus.
- a circuit module including a mounting board and the semiconductor device according to any one of A1 to A18 mounted on the mounting board.
- a gate division transistor whose on-resistance changes due to individual control of a plurality of gate signals, and the plurality of gate signals are individually controlled so that the on-resistance is lowered below a steady value when the gate division transistor is turned on.
- a semiconductor circuit including a gate control circuit.
- the gate control circuit further includes an active clamp circuit that limits a voltage between both ends of the gate division transistor to a clamp voltage or less, and the gate control circuit raises the ON resistance above the steady value before the operation of the active clamp circuit.
- the semiconductor circuit according to B1 wherein the plurality of gate signals are individually controlled.
- B4 Any of B1 to B3 further including an overheat protection circuit for forcibly turning off the gate division transistor according to a temperature of the gate division transistor or a temperature difference between the gate division transistor and another circuit block.
- a semiconductor device including a [B6] semiconductor layer and the semiconductor circuit according to any one of B1 to B5 built in the semiconductor layer.
- a semiconductor device comprising: a control circuit that controls ON/OFF of the transistor.
- a semiconductor layer a plurality of insulated gate type transistors formed in the semiconductor layer, and a plurality of the transistors formed on the semiconductor layer so as to be electrically connected to the plurality of transistors.
- a semiconductor device comprising: a plurality of control wirings that are individually controlled.
- the plurality of control wirings transmits a control signal for controlling on/off of the plurality of transistors such that the number of the transistors in the on state during the active clamp operation is different from the number of the transistors in the on state during the normal operation.
- the plurality of control wirings have a control signal for controlling on/off of the plurality of transistors so that the number of the transistors in the on state during the active clamp operation is less than the number of the transistors in the on state during the normal operation.
- the plurality of control wirings have a control signal for controlling on/off of the plurality of transistors so that the number of the transistors in the on state during the active clamp operation is less than the number of the transistors in the on state during the normal operation.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of D1 to D4, which transmits.
- a semiconductor layer having a main surface, a first trench formed in the main surface, a first insulating layer along an inner wall of the first trench, and a bottom wall of the first trench with the first insulating layer interposed therebetween.
- Bottom side electrode buried on the side, a first opening side electrode buried on the opening side of the first trench with the first insulating layer interposed therebetween, and the first bottom side electrode and the first opening side
- a first trench gate structure including a first intermediate insulating layer interposed between electrodes, a second trench formed on the main surface, a second insulating layer along an inner wall of the second trench, and a second insulating layer.
- a semiconductor device comprising: a first channel controlled by a gate structure; and a second channel formed in the semiconductor layer adjacent to the second trench gate structure and controlled by the second trench gate structure.
- the semiconductor device according to E1 further comprising: a wiring; and a third control wiring electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode and the second bottom side electrode on the semiconductor layer.
- [E3] a first control wiring electrically connected to the first bottom side electrode and the first opening side electrode on the semiconductor layer, and the second bottom side electrode and the first control wiring on the semiconductor layer. 2.
- the control circuit controls ON/OFF of the plurality of transistors so that the number of the transistors in the ON state during the active clamp operation is less than the number of the transistors in the ON state during the normal operation.
- a semiconductor layer having a first main surface on one side and a second main surface on the other side, a first conductivity type drift region formed in a surface layer portion of the first main surface, and in the semiconductor layer, A drain region of a first conductivity type formed in a region on the second main surface side with respect to a drift region and having an impurity concentration exceeding the drift region; and a first trench gate structure formed in the first main surface.
- a second trench gate structure spaced apart from the first trench gate structure and formed in the drift region adjacent to the first trench gate structure and controlled by the first trench gate structure;
- a first channel and a second channel formed in the drift region adjacent to the second trench gate structure and electrically controlled by the second trench gate structure independently of the first channel.
- the body is formed adjacent to the first trench gate structure so as to partition the first channel between the body region of the second conductivity type formed in the surface layer portion of the drift region and the drift region.
- the second trench gate structure is formed so as to partition the second channel between the drift region and a first source region of a first conductivity type which is formed in a surface layer portion of the region and has an impurity concentration exceeding the drift region.
- the semiconductor device according to G1 further including a second source region of a first conductivity type that is formed in a surface layer portion of the body region adjacent to the second source region and has an impurity concentration exceeding the drift region.
- a second contact type first contact region formed adjacent to the first trench gate structure in a surface layer portion of the body region and having an impurity concentration exceeding the body region, and the second trench gate structure.
- the semiconductor device according to G2 further including a second contact region of a second conductivity type which is formed adjacent to the surface region of the body region and has an impurity concentration exceeding the body region.
- G4 An interlayer insulating layer covering the semiconductor layer on the first main surface, and the first trench gate structure and the second trench formed on the interlayer insulating layer and penetrating the interlayer insulating layer.
- the first trench gate structure is formed on the first main surface with a first distance from the bottom of the drift region to the first main surface side, and the second trench gate structure is formed on the drift region. 7.
- a semiconductor layer, a plurality of insulated gate transistors formed in the semiconductor layer, and the semiconductor layer formed so as to be electrically connected to the plurality of transistors, and the plurality of transistors are individually formed.
- a plurality of control wirings respectively transmitting to the transistors.
- the control circuit generates a control signal for controlling ON/OFF of the plurality of transistors such that the number of the transistors in the ON state during the active clamp operation is different from the number of the transistors in the ON state during the normal operation.
- the control circuit generates a control signal for ON/OFF controlling the plurality of transistors so that the number of the transistors in the ON state during the active clamp operation is less than the number of the transistors in the ON state during the normal operation. , H1 or H2.
- a semiconductor layer a first trench gate structure formed in the semiconductor layer, a second trench gate structure formed in the semiconductor layer at a distance from the first trench gate structure, and the semiconductor device.
- a cell region partitioned into a region between the first trench gate structure and the second trench gate structure, and formed in the cell region adjacent to the first trench gate structure and controlled by the first trench gate structure
- a second channel formed in the cell region adjacent to the second trench gate structure and electrically controlled independently of the first channel by the second trench gate structure.
- a plurality of the first trench gate structures are formed at intervals in the semiconductor layer, and a plurality of the second trench gate structures are alternately arranged in the semiconductor layer with the plurality of first trench gate structures.
- a plurality of the cell regions are divided into regions corresponding to the first trench gate structure and the second trench gate structure, respectively, and the first channel is formed in the first trench gate structure.
- the semiconductor device according to I1 wherein the second channel is formed adjacent to each other in the cell region, and the second channel is formed in each of the cell regions adjacent to the second trench gate structure.
- the first channel is formed in each of the plurality of cell regions with different first channel areas
- the second channel is formed in each of the plurality of cell regions with different second channel areas.
- J1 A semiconductor layer, an output region divided into the semiconductor layer, an input region divided into the semiconductor layer, a plurality of insulated gate transistors formed in the output region, and formed in the input region And a control circuit for ON/OFF controlling the plurality of transistors by different methods during normal operation and active clamp operation.
- the plurality of transistors include a first transistor and a second transistor electrically independent from the first transistor, and the control circuit individually controls the first transistor and the second transistor.
- the semiconductor device according to J1 which simultaneously generates a plurality of control signals.
- [J3] further includes a plurality of control wirings formed on the semiconductor layer so as to be connected to the gates of the plurality of transistors in the output region and electrically connected to the control circuit in the output region.
- J4 The semiconductor device according to any one of J1 to J3, wherein the input region has a plane area smaller than that of the output region.
- a semiconductor layer having a main surface, a trench formed in the main surface, an insulating layer along the inner wall of the trench, a bottom electrode buried on the bottom wall side of the trench with the insulating layer interposed therebetween, A trench gate structure including an opening-side electrode buried on the opening side of the trench with an insulating layer interposed therebetween, and an intermediate insulating layer interposed between the bottom-side electrode and the opening-side electrode, and a direction intersecting the trench.
- the contact trench formed on the main surface so as to communicate with the trench, the contact insulating layer along the inner wall of the contact trench, and the contact insulating layer sandwiched so as to be connected to the bottom electrode.
- a trench contact structure including a contact electrode embedded in the contact trench.
- the contact insulating layer is drawn out from the contact trench into the trench, is connected to the insulating layer and the intermediate insulating layer in the trench, and the contact electrode is in the trench from the contact trench.
- the semiconductor device according to K1 which is extended to the bottom electrode and is connected to the bottom electrode in the trench.
- a semiconductor device including a gate division transistor whose on resistance changes by individual control of a plurality of gate signals; And a gate control circuit for individually controlling the plurality of gate signals so as to pull down the semiconductor circuit.
- the gate control circuit further includes an active clamp circuit that limits a voltage between both ends of the gate division transistor to a clamp voltage or less, and the gate control circuit raises the on-resistance above the steady value before the operation of the active clamp circuit.
- the semiconductor circuit according to L1 wherein the plurality of gate signals are individually controlled.
- L4 Any of L1 to L3 further including an overheat protection circuit for forcibly turning off the gate division transistor according to a temperature of the gate division transistor or a temperature difference between the gate division transistor and another circuit block.
- [M1] a semiconductor layer, a first gate structure formed in the semiconductor layer, a second gate structure formed in the semiconductor layer, and a first channel area in the semiconductor layer adjacent to the first gate structure. And a second channel area formed in the semiconductor layer adjacent to the second gate structure and having a second channel area different from the first channel area, the second channel area being controlled by the first gate structure. A second channel controlled by the gate structure.
- M2 The semiconductor of M1, wherein the second gate structure is electrically independent of the first gate structure, and the second channel is electrically independent of the first channel. apparatus.
- a semiconductor device including a gate-divided transistor whose on-resistance changes due to individual control of a plurality of gate signals, and a gate control circuit which individually controls the plurality of gate signals.
- the gate control circuit may further include an active clamp circuit that limits a voltage between both ends of the gate division transistor to a predetermined clamp voltage or less, and the gate control circuit may set the ON resistance to be higher than the steady value before the operation of the active clamp circuit.
- the gate division transistor has a first gate and a second gate, and a third gate to which the active clamp circuit is connected, and the gate control circuit includes the first gate and the source of the gate division transistor.
- a first switch that is connected between the first gate and the second gate of the gate division transistor and the first switch that is turned off when the on-resistance is lowered below the steady value.
- a second switch and a third switch that are turned on when the on-resistance is raised above the steady value, the semiconductor device according to N3.
- N5 The semiconductor device according to N4, further including an output voltage monitoring circuit that monitors an output voltage of the gate division transistor and generates a drive signal of the first switch.
- the output voltage monitoring circuit includes a threshold voltage generator that generates a predetermined threshold voltage, a comparator that compares the output voltage with the threshold voltage to generate a comparison signal, and a predetermined delay for the comparison signal.
- the active clamp circuit is connected to a Zener diode having a cathode connected to the drain of the gate division transistor, a diode having an anode connected to the anode of the Zener diode, and connected to the drain of the gate division transistor.
- the semiconductor device according to any one of N1 to N8, further including an overcurrent protection circuit that detects an output current flowing through the gate division transistor and limits the output current to a predetermined upper limit value or less.
- the overheat protection circuit when the temperature of the gate division transistor reaches a predetermined upper limit value, or when the temperature difference between the gate division transistor and another circuit block reaches a predetermined upper limit value.
- N12 An electronic device including the semiconductor device according to any one of N1 to 11 and a load connected to the semiconductor device.
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Abstract
Description
2 半導体層
3 半導体層の第1主面
10 コントロールIC
17 ゲート制御配線
17A 第1ゲート制御配線
17B 第2ゲート制御配線
17C 第3ゲート制御配線
56 第1MISFET
57 第2MISFET
58 第1FET構造
60 第1トレンチゲート構造
68 第2FET構造
70 第2トレンチゲート構造
81 第1ゲートトレンチ
82 第1絶縁層
83 第1電極
86 第1底側電極
87 第1開口側電極
88 第1中間絶縁層
91 第1チャネル領域
101 第2ゲートトレンチ
102 第2絶縁層
103 第2電極
106 第2底側電極
107 第2開口側電極
108 第2中間絶縁層
111 第2チャネル領域
151 半導体装置
161 半導体装置
171 半導体装置
181 半導体装置
191 半導体装置
201 半導体装置
211 半導体装置
213 第1プレーナゲート構造
223 第2プレーナゲート構造
241 半導体装置
311 回路モジュール
312 実装基板
321 回路モジュール
322 実装基板
325 コントロールICデバイス
R1 第1チャネル割合
R2 第2チャネル割合
RU チャネル利用率
Claims (80)
- 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第1トランジスタと、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第2トランジスタと、
前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層の上に形成され、通常動作時に前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタをオン状態に制御し、アクティブクランプ動作時に前記第1トランジスタをオフ状態に制御すると共に前記第2トランジスタをオン状態に制御する制御信号を伝達する制御配線と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記制御配線は、前記第1トランジスタに電気的に接続された第1制御配線、および、前記第1トランジスタから電気的に絶縁された状態で前記第2トランジスタに電気的に接続された第2制御配線を含む、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第1トランジスタと、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第2トランジスタと、
前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層に形成され、通常動作時に前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタをオン状態に制御し、アクティブクランプ動作時に前記第1トランジスタをオフ状態に制御すると共に前記第2トランジスタをオン状態に制御する制御回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 半導体層と、
第1チャネルを含み、前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第1トランジスタと、
第2チャネルを含み、前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第2トランジスタと、
前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層の上に形成され、アクティブクランプ動作時における前記第1チャネルおよび前記第2チャネルの利用率が、零を超えて通常動作時における前記第1チャネルおよび前記第2チャネルの利用率未満となるように前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタを制御する制御信号を伝達する制御配線と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記制御配線は、前記第1トランジスタに電気的に接続された第1制御配線、および、前記第1トランジスタから電気的に絶縁された状態で前記第2トランジスタに電気的に接続された第2制御配線を含む、請求項4に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体層と、
第1チャネルを含み、前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第1トランジスタと、
第2チャネルを含み、前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の第2トランジスタと、
前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層に形成され、アクティブクランプ動作時における前記第1チャネルおよび前記第2チャネルの利用率が、零を超えて通常動作時における前記第1チャネルおよび前記第2チャネルの利用率未満となるように前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタを制御する制御回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記第1チャネルは、平面視において第1割合で形成されており、
前記第2チャネルは、平面視において前記第1割合とは異なる第2割合で形成されている、請求項4~6のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2チャネルは、前記第1割合未満の前記第2割合で形成されている、請求項7に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1トランジスタは、前記半導体層に接する第1絶縁層および前記第1絶縁層を挟んで前記半導体層に対向する第1電極を有する第1ゲート構造を含み、
前記第2トランジスタは、前記半導体層に接する第2絶縁層および前記第2絶縁層を挟んで前記半導体層に対向する第2電極を有する第2ゲート構造を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1トランジスタは、複数の前記第1ゲート構造を含み、
前記第2トランジスタは、複数の前記第2ゲート構造を含む、請求項9に記載の半導体装置。 - 複数の前記第2ゲート構造は、1個または複数の前記第1ゲート構造を挟む態様で、複数の前記第1ゲート構造と交互に配列されている、請求項10に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の前記第1ゲート構造は、第1方向に沿って間隔を空けて形成され、前記第1方向に交差する第2方向に沿って帯状にそれぞれ延びており、
複数の前記第2ゲート構造は、前記第1方向に沿って間隔を空けて形成され、前記第2方向に沿って帯状にそれぞれ延びている、請求項10または11に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層は、主面を含み、
前記第1ゲート構造は、前記主面に形成された第1トレンチ、前記第1トレンチの内壁に沿う前記第1絶縁層、および、前記第1絶縁層を挟んで前記第1トレンチに埋設された前記第1電極を含む第1トレンチゲート構造を有し、
前記第2ゲート構造は、前記主面に形成された第2トレンチ、前記第2トレンチの内壁に沿う前記第2絶縁層、および、前記第2絶縁層を挟んで前記第2トレンチに埋設された前記第2電極を含む第2トレンチゲート構造を有している、請求項9~12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1電極は、前記第1絶縁層を挟んで前記第1トレンチの底壁側に埋設された第1底側電極、前記第1絶縁層を挟んで前記第1トレンチの開口側に埋設された第1開口側電極、ならびに、前記第1底側電極および前記第1開口側電極の間に介在する第1中間絶縁層を含む絶縁分離型の電極構造を有しており、
前記第2電極は、前記第2絶縁層を挟んで前記第2トレンチの底壁側に埋設された第2底側電極、前記第2絶縁層を挟んで前記第2トレンチの開口側に埋設された第2開口側電極、ならびに、前記第2底側電極および前記第2開口側電極の間に介在する第2中間絶縁層を含む絶縁分離型の電極構造を有している、請求項13に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2開口側電極は、前記第1開口側電極から電気的に絶縁されている、請求項14に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2底側電極は、前記第1底側電極に電気的に接続されている、請求項14または15に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2底側電極は、前記第1底側電極から電気的に絶縁されている、請求項14または15に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1電極は、一体物として前記第1トレンチに埋設されており、
前記第2電極は、一体物として前記第2トレンチに埋設されている、請求項13に記載の半導体装置。 - 実装基板と、
前記実装基板に実装された請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置と、を含む、回路モジュール。 - 複数のゲート信号の個別制御によりオン抵抗が変化するゲート分割トランジスタと、
前記ゲート分割トランジスタのオン遷移時に前記オン抵抗を定常値よりも引き下げるように前記複数のゲート信号を個別に制御するゲート制御回路と、を含む、半導体回路。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの両端間電圧をクランプ電圧以下に制限するアクティブクランプ回路をさらに含み、
前記ゲート制御回路は、前記アクティブクランプ回路の動作前に前記オン抵抗を前記定常値よりも引き上げるように前記複数のゲート信号を個別に制御する、請求項20に記載の半導体回路。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタに流れる電流を制限する過電流保護回路をさらに含む、請求項20または21に記載の半導体回路。
- 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの温度、または、前記ゲート分割トランジスタおよび他の回路ブロックの温度差に応じて、前記ゲート分割トランジスタを強制的にオフさせる過熱保護回路をさらに含む、請求項20~22のいずれか一項に記載の半導体回路。
- 請求項20~23のいずれか一項に記載の半導体回路と、
前記半導回路に接続された負荷と、を含む、電子機器。 - 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に作り込まれた請求項20~23のいずれか一項に記載の半導体回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 請求項25に記載の半導体装置と、
前記半導体装置に接続された負荷と、を含む、電子機器。 - 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の複数のトランジスタと、
前記半導体層に形成され、アクティブクランプ動作時のオン抵抗が通常動作時のオン抵抗と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時のオン抵抗が通常動作時のオン抵抗を超えるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する、請求項27に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の複数のトランジスタと、
複数の前記トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層の上に形成され、複数の前記トランジスタを個別にそれぞれ制御する複数の制御配線と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 複数の前記制御配線は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を伝達する、請求項29に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の前記制御配線は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数未満になるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を伝達する、請求項29または30に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の前記制御配線は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるチャネル利用率が通常動作時におけるチャネル利用率と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を伝達する、請求項29~31のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 複数の前記制御配線は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数未満となるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を伝達する、請求項29~32のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 主面を有する半導体層と、
前記主面に形成された第1トレンチ、前記第1トレンチの内壁に沿う第1絶縁層、前記第1絶縁層を挟んで前記第1トレンチの底壁側に埋設された第1底側電極、前記第1絶縁層を挟んで前記第1トレンチの開口側に埋設された第1開口側電極、ならびに、前記第1底側電極および前記第1開口側電極の間に介在する第1中間絶縁層を含む第1トレンチゲート構造と、
前記主面に形成された第2トレンチ、前記第2トレンチの内壁に沿う第2絶縁層、前記第2絶縁層を挟んで前記第2トレンチの底壁側に埋設された第2底側電極、前記第2絶縁層を挟んで前記第2トレンチの開口側に埋設された第2開口側電極、ならびに、前記第2底側電極および前記第2開口側電極の間に介在する第2中間絶縁層を含む第2トレンチゲート構造と、
前記半導体層において前記第1トレンチゲート構造に隣接して形成され、前記第1トレンチゲート構造によって制御される第1チャネルと、
前記半導体層において前記第2トレンチゲート構造に隣接して形成され、前記第2トレンチゲート構造によって制御される第2チャネルと、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層の上において前記第1開口側電極に電気的に接続された第1制御配線と、
前記半導体層の上において前記第2開口側電極に電気的に接続された第2制御配線と、
前記半導体層の上において前記第1底側電極および前記第2底側電極に電気的に接続された第3制御配線と、をさらに含む、請求項34に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層の上において前記第1底側電極および前記第1開口側電極に電気的に接続された第1制御配線と、
前記半導体層の上において前記第2底側電極および前記第2開口側電極に電気的に接続された第2制御配線と、をさらに含む、請求項34に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体層に形成され、前記第1トレンチゲート構造および前記第2トレンチゲート構造を個別にそれぞれ制御する制御回路をさらに含む、請求項34~36のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の複数のトランジスタと、
複数の前記トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層に形成され、複数の前記トランジスタを個別にそれぞれ制御する制御回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する、請求項38に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数未満になるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する、請求項38または39に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるチャネル利用率が通常動作時におけるチャネル利用率と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する、請求項38~40のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるチャネル利用率が通常動作時におけるチャネル利用率未満となるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する、請求項38~41のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 一方側の第1主面および他方側の第2主面を有する半導体層と、
前記第1主面の表層部に形成された第1導電型のドリフト領域と、
前記半導体層において前記ドリフト領域に対して前記第2主面側の領域に形成され、前記ドリフト領域を超える不純物濃度を有する第1導電型のドレイン領域と、
前記第1主面に形成された第1トレンチゲート構造と、
前記第1トレンチゲート構造から間隔を空けて形成された第2トレンチゲート構造と、
前記第1トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記ドリフト領域に形成され、前記第1トレンチゲート構造によって制御される第1チャネルと、
前記第2トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記ドリフト領域に形成され、前記第2トレンチゲート構造によって前記第1チャネルから電気的に独立して制御される第2チャネルと、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記ドリフト領域の表層部に形成された第2導電型のボディ領域と、
前記ドリフト領域との間で前記第1チャネルを区画するように前記第1トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記ボディ領域の表層部に形成され、前記ドリフト領域を超える不純物濃度を有する第1導電型の第1ソース領域と、
前記ドリフト領域との間で前記第2チャネルを区画するように前記第2トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記ボディ領域の表層部に形成され、前記ドリフト領域を超える不純物濃度を有する第1導電型の第2ソース領域と、をさらに含む、請求項43に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記ボディ領域の表層部に形成され、前記ボディ領域を超える不純物濃度を有する第2導電型の第1コンタクト領域と、
前記第2トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記ボディ領域の表層部に形成され、前記ボディ領域を超える不純物濃度を有する第2導電型の第2コンタクト領域と、をさらに含む、請求項44に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1主面の上において前記半導体層を被覆する層間絶縁層と、
前記層間絶縁層の上に形成され、前記層間絶縁層を貫通して前記第1トレンチゲート構造および前記第2トレンチゲート構造に電気的に接続された複数の制御配線と、をさらに含む、請求項43~45のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ドレイン領域は、前記ドリフト領域の厚さを超える厚さを有している、請求項43~46のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第1トレンチゲート構造は、前記ドリフト領域の底部から前記第1主面側に第1間隔を空けて前記第1主面に形成され、
前記第2トレンチゲート構造は、前記ドリフト領域の底部から前記第1主面側に第2間隔を空けて前記第1主面に形成されている、請求項43~47のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ドリフト領域は、5μm以上20μm以下の厚さを有し、
前記第1間隔および前記第2間隔は、それぞれ1μm以上10μm以下である、請求項48に記載の半導体装置。 - 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された絶縁ゲート型の複数のトランジスタと、
複数の前記トランジスタに電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層に形成され、複数の前記トランジスタを個別にそれぞれ制御する制御信号を生成する制御回路と、
複数の前記トランジスタおよび前記制御回路に電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層の上に形成され、前記制御回路によって生成された前記制御信号を複数の前記トランジスタにそれぞれ伝達する複数の制御配線と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を生成する、請求項50に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数が通常動作時におけるオン状態の前記トランジスタの個数未満になるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を生成する、請求項50または51に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるチャネル利用率が通常動作時におけるチャネル利用率と異なるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を生成する、請求項50~52のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御回路は、アクティブクランプ動作時におけるチャネル利用率が通常動作時におけるチャネル利用率未満となるように複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御信号を生成する、請求項50~53のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された第1トレンチゲート構造と、
前記第1トレンチゲート構造から間隔を空けて前記半導体層に形成された第2トレンチゲート構造と、
前記半導体装置において前記第1トレンチゲート構造および前記第2トレンチゲート構造の間の領域に区画されたセル領域と、
前記第1トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記セル領域に形成され、前記第1トレンチゲート構造によって制御される第1チャネルと、
前記第2トレンチゲート構造に隣接して前記セル領域に形成され、前記第2トレンチゲート構造によって前記第1チャネルから電気的に独立して制御される第2チャネルと、を含む、半導体装置。 - 複数の前記第1トレンチゲート構造が、前記半導体層に間隔を空けて形成され、
複数の前記第2トレンチゲート構造が、前記半導体層において複数の前記第1トレンチゲート構造と交互に間隔を空けて形成され、
複数の前記セル領域が、対応する前記第1トレンチゲート構造および前記第2トレンチゲート構造の間の領域にそれぞれ区画され、
前記第1チャネルは、前記第1トレンチゲート構造に隣接して各前記セル領域に形成され、
前記第2チャネルは、前記第2トレンチゲート構造に隣接して各前記セル領域に形成されている、請求項55に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1チャネルは、互いに異なる第1チャネル面積で複数の前記セル領域にそれぞれ形成されており、
前記第2チャネルは、互いに異なる第2チャネル面積で複数の前記セル領域にそれぞれ形成されている、請求項56に記載の半導体装置。 - 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に区画された出力領域と、
前記半導体層に区画された入力領域と、
前記出力領域に形成された絶縁ゲート型の複数のトランジスタと、
前記入力領域に形成され、通常動作時およびアクティブクランプ動作時において異なる方式で複数の前記トランジスタをオンオフ制御する制御回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 複数の前記トランジスタは、第1トランジスタ、および、前記第1トランジスタから電気的に独立した第2トランジスタを含み、
前記制御回路は、前記第1トランジスタおよび前記第2トランジスタを個別的に制御する複数の制御信号を同時に生成する、請求項58に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記出力領域において複数の前記トランジスタのゲートに接続され、前記出力領域において前記制御回路に電気的に接続されるように前記半導体層の上に形成された複数の制御配線をさらに含む、請求項58または59に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記入力領域は、前記出力領域の平面面積未満の平面面積を有している、請求項58~60のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 主面を有する半導体層と、
前記主面に形成されたトレンチ、前記トレンチの内壁に沿う絶縁層、前記絶縁層を挟んで前記トレンチの底壁側に埋設された底側電極、前記絶縁層を挟んで前記トレンチの開口側に埋設された開口側電極、ならびに、前記底側電極および前記開口側電極の間に介在する中間絶縁層を含むトレンチゲート構造と、
前記トレンチに交差する方向に延び、前記トレンチに連通するように前記主面に形成されたコンタクトトレンチ、前記コンタクトトレンチの内壁に沿うコンタクト絶縁層、および、前記底側電極に接続されるように前記コンタクト絶縁層を挟んで前記コンタクトトレンチに埋設されたコンタクト電極を含むトレンチコンタクト構造と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記コンタクト絶縁層は、前記コンタクトトレンチから前記トレンチ内に引き出され、前記トレンチ内において前記絶縁層および前記中間絶縁層に接続されており、
前記コンタクト電極は、前記コンタクトトレンチから前記トレンチ内に引き出され、前記トレンチ内において前記底側電極に接続されている、請求項62に記載の半導体装置。 - 複数のゲート信号の個別制御によりオン抵抗が変化するゲート分割トランジスタを含む半導体装置と、
前記半導体装置に電気的に接続され、前記ゲート分割トランジスタのオン遷移時に前記オン抵抗を定常値よりも引き下げるように前記複数のゲート信号を個別に制御するゲート制御回路と、を含む、半導体回路。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの両端間電圧をクランプ電圧以下に制限するアクティブクランプ回路をさらに含み、
前記ゲート制御回路は、前記アクティブクランプ回路の動作前に前記オン抵抗を前記定常値よりも引き上げるように前記複数のゲート信号を個別に制御する、請求項64に記載の半導体回路。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタに流れる電流を制限する過電流保護回路をさらに含む、請求項64または65に記載の半導体回路。
- 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの温度、または、前記ゲート分割トランジスタおよび他の回路ブロックの温度差に応じて、前記ゲート分割トランジスタを強制的にオフさせる過熱保護回路をさらに含む、請求項64~66のいずれか一項に記載の半導体回路。
- 請求項64~67のいずれか一項に記載の半導体回路と、
前記半導回路に接続された負荷と、を含む、電子機器。 - 半導体層と、
前記半導体層に形成された第1ゲート構造と、
前記半導体層に形成された第2ゲート構造と、
前記半導体層に前記第1ゲート構造に隣接して第1チャネル面積で形成され、前記第1ゲート構造によって制御される第1チャネルと、
前記半導体層に前記第2ゲート構造に隣接して前記第1チャネル面積とは異なる第2チャネル面積で形成され、前記第2ゲート構造によって制御される第2チャネルと、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記第2ゲート構造は、前記第1ゲート構造から電気的に独立しており、
前記第2チャネルは、前記第1チャネルから電気的に独立して制御される、請求項69に記載の半導体装置。 - 複数のゲート信号の個別制御によりオン抵抗が変化するゲート分割トランジスタと、
前記ゲート分割トランジスタのオン遷移時に前記オン抵抗を定常値よりも引き下げるように前記複数のゲート信号を個別に制御するゲート制御回路と、を含む、半導体装置。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの両端間電圧を所定のクランプ電圧以下に制限するアクティブクランプ回路をさらに有し、
前記ゲート制御回路は、前記アクティブクランプ回路の動作前に前記オン抵抗を前記定常値よりも引き上げるように前記複数のゲート信号を個別に制御する、請求項71に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタは、第1ゲートおよび第2ゲートと、前記アクティブクランプ回路が接続される第3ゲートを有し、
前記ゲート制御回路は、
前記ゲート分割トランジスタの前記第1ゲートおよびソースの間に接続されており、前記オン抵抗を前記定常値よりも引き下げるときにオフする第1スイッチと、
前記ゲート分割トランジスタの前記第1ゲートおよび前記第2ゲートと前記ソースとの間にそれぞれ接続されており、前記オン抵抗を前記定常値よりも引き上げるときにオンする第2スイッチおよび第3スイッチと、を含む、請求項72に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの出力電圧を監視して前記第1スイッチの駆動信号を生成する出力電圧監視回路をさらに含む、請求項73に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記出力電圧監視回路は、
所定の閾値電圧を生成する閾値電圧生成部と、
前記出力電圧および前記閾値電圧を比較して比較信号を生成するコンパレータと、
前記比較信号に所定の遅延を与えて遅延信号を生成する遅延部と、
前記遅延信号をレベルシフトして前記駆動信号を生成するレベルシフタと、を含む、請求項74に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2スイッチおよび前記第3スイッチは、それぞれ、前記アクティブクランプ回路の内部ノード電圧に応じてオン/オフされる、請求項73~75のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記アクティブクランプ回路は、
前記ゲート分割トランジスタのドレインに接続されたカソードを有するツェナーダイオードと、
前記ツェナーダイオードのアノードに接続されたアノードを有するダイオードと、
前記ゲート分割トランジスタのドレインに接続されたドレイン、前記ゲート分割トランジスタの前記第3ゲートに接続されたソース、および、前記ダイオードのカソードに接続されたゲートを有するトランジスタと、を含む、請求項73~76のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ゲート分割トランジスタに流れる出力電流を検出して所定の上限値以下に制限する過電流保護回路をさらに含む、請求項71~77のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記ゲート分割トランジスタの温度が所定の上限値に達したとき、もしくは、前記ゲート分割トランジスタと他の回路ブロックとの温度差が所定の上限値に達したときに、前記ゲート分割トランジスタを強制的にオフさせる過熱保護回路をさらに含む、請求項71~78のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
- 請求項71~79のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置と、
前記半導体装置に接続された負荷と、を含む、電子機器。
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| WO2022045135A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| JP2022100617A (ja) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-07-06 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| WO2022163113A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| WO2022239550A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
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| WO2022210033A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-06 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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| JP7392612B2 (ja) | 2020-08-26 | 2023-12-06 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| WO2022045135A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| JP2022038240A (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-10 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| JP2022038239A (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-10 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| WO2022045136A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
| JP7392613B2 (ja) | 2020-08-26 | 2023-12-06 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| JP2022100617A (ja) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-07-06 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| JP7593804B2 (ja) | 2020-12-24 | 2024-12-03 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| JPWO2022163113A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | ||
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| US12381548B2 (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2025-08-05 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device |
| WO2022239550A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
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| JP7683310B2 (ja) | 2021-05-14 | 2025-05-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 半導体装置 |
| WO2023047745A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置、電子機器、車両 |
| WO2023189506A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| JP2024050092A (ja) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 |
| JP7803243B2 (ja) | 2022-09-29 | 2026-01-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12426303B2 (en) | 2025-09-23 |
| JP2021044578A (ja) | 2021-03-18 |
| CN113228299A (zh) | 2021-08-06 |
| US20250380451A1 (en) | 2025-12-11 |
| JP2022097649A (ja) | 2022-06-30 |
| JP7383073B2 (ja) | 2023-11-17 |
| JP7073473B2 (ja) | 2022-05-23 |
| DE112019006364T5 (de) | 2021-09-02 |
| US20220045208A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
| JPWO2020130141A1 (ja) | 2021-02-15 |
| JP6804712B2 (ja) | 2020-12-23 |
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