WO2019098242A1 - アルデヒドの製造方法及びアルコールの製造方法 - Google Patents
アルデヒドの製造方法及びアルコールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019098242A1 WO2019098242A1 PCT/JP2018/042160 JP2018042160W WO2019098242A1 WO 2019098242 A1 WO2019098242 A1 WO 2019098242A1 JP 2018042160 W JP2018042160 W JP 2018042160W WO 2019098242 A1 WO2019098242 A1 WO 2019098242A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an aldehyde, and more particularly, an aldehyde is reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst such as a rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing an aldehyde which produces
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing an alcohol using an aldehyde produced by the method for producing an aldehyde.
- the catalyst used for the olefin hydroformylation reaction contains expensive Group 8-10 metals such as rhodium, the catalyst is ideally used semipermanently. Therefore, the reaction product is separated from the reaction solution, and the reaction solution containing the catalyst, which is a distillation residue, is recycled to the reaction zone for reuse, or the reaction product is separated by gas stripping from the reaction zone. The reaction is carried out continuously while leaving the reaction solution containing the catalyst in the reaction zone.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 there is a method of mixing an alcohol, water and hydrogen with a hydroformylation reaction solution in which high boiling point byproducts are accumulated, and depositing and recovering a rhodium-phosphine based complex catalyst coordinated with hydrogen. Have been described.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a hydroformylation reaction solution containing a Group 8 metal complex having a tertiary organophosphorus compound such as triphenylphosphine as a ligand, a free tertiary organophosphorus compound, a polar organic There is described a method of precipitating and recovering a solid complex of a Group 8 metal in contact with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a solvent, water and a basic substance.
- a tertiary organophosphorus compound such as triphenylphosphine as a ligand, a free tertiary organophosphorus compound, a polar organic
- Patent Document 4 describes that alkyl phosphine formed by partial substitution of a ligand such as triaryl phosphine with an alkyl group of ⁇ -olefin is treated with oxygen gas and converted to the corresponding phosphine oxide.
- a method of reactivating a deactivated catalyst is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-122948 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-151826 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-72995 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-87845
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aldehyde which can efficiently recover a highly active complex catalyst from a reaction solution withdrawn to the outside of a reaction zone in order to prevent the accumulation of high boiling point byproducts.
- the gist of the present invention relates to the following [1] to [14].
- [1] A method for producing an aldehyde which produces an aldehyde by a hydroformylation reaction in which an olefin is reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, which comprises the following (1) and The manufacturing method of aldehyde including the process of (2).
- [4] The method for producing an aldehyde according to [2], wherein the oxidation rate of the alkyl-substituted phosphine is 5 to 80%.
- [5] The method for producing an aldehyde according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the oxygen-containing gas is at least one selected from the group consisting of oxygen, air and gas obtained by adding nitrogen to air. .
- [6] The method for producing an aldehyde according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the oxidation is performed at 85 to 180 ° C.
- [7] The method for producing an aldehyde according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the poor solvent is a mixture of water and an alcohol.
- [12] A method for producing an alcohol using an aldehyde produced by the method according to any one of [1] to [11].
- [13] A method for producing an alcohol, comprising producing an aldehyde by the method according to any one of [1] to [11] and producing an alcohol from the aldehyde.
- [14] A method for producing an aldehyde which produces an aldehyde by a hydroformylation reaction in which an olefin is reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, which comprises the following (X) and The manufacturing method of aldehyde including the process of (Y).
- (X) A step of extracting the reaction solution in which high boiling point by-products are accumulated from the reaction zone, and performing the following (a) and (b) on the extracted reaction solution: (a) alkylation in the reaction solution The phosphine is converted to an alkyl substituted phosphine oxide, and (b) the cluster complex in the reaction solution is decomposed.
- a poor solvent and hydrogen are mixed into the reaction liquid, and then crystallized to crystallize the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, and the crystallized catalyst is reacted to the reaction liquid Process to recover from
- the present invention it is possible to provide a method for producing an aldehyde, which can recover a highly active complex catalyst, in particular, a high proportion of expensive Group 8-10 metals in the complex catalyst.
- the method is energy efficient and is economical and environmentally superior.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationships among the oxidation rate, the recovery rate of the rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst (in terms of rhodium atoms), the TPP (triphenylphosphine) residual rate, and the rhodium complex activity rate in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a plot showing the relationship between the crystallization time and the recovery of the rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst (in terms of rhodium atoms) in Examples 8 to 11 and Comparative Examples 2 to 5.
- the first embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing an aldehyde which produces an aldehyde by a hydroformylation reaction in which an olefin is reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst. It is a manufacturing method of aldehyde including the process of the following (1) and (2). (1) The reaction liquid in which high-boiling by-products are accumulated is extracted from the reaction zone, and the extracted reaction liquid is oxidized by contacting with an oxygen-containing gas, and after the step of (2) (1) And then crystallizing to crystallize the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, and recovering the crystallized complex catalyst from the reaction solution
- the second embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing an aldehyde which produces an aldehyde by a hydroformylation reaction in which an olefin is reacted with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst.
- It is the manufacturing method of aldehyde including the process of the following (X) and (Y).
- (X) A step of extracting the reaction solution in which high boiling point by-products are accumulated from the reaction zone, and performing the following (a) and (b) on the extracted reaction solution: (a) alkylation in the reaction solution The phosphine is converted to an alkyl substituted phosphine oxide, and (b) the cluster complex in the reaction solution is decomposed.
- a poor solvent and hydrogen are mixed into the reaction liquid, and then crystallized to crystallize the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, and the crystallized catalyst is reacted to the reaction liquid Process to recover from
- the group 8 to 10 metal is a metal belonging to group 8 to 10 in the long period periodic table.
- ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, palladium and platinum are preferable because they have high activity when catalysed, and rhodium is particularly preferably used because it has high activity.
- the phosphine may be a phosphine having a capability as a monodentate ligand or a polydentate ligand, and is a triarylphosphine or a triarylphosphine having a substituent which is inactive under hydroformylation reaction conditions on a phenyl group.
- Etc Specifically, triphenyl phosphine; phosphine having a phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group such as tris (p-tolyl) phosphine, trixylyl phosphine and tris (p-ethylphenyl) phosphine; tris (p-methoxyphenyl)
- phosphine etc. which have a phenyl group substituted by alkoxy groups, such as phosphine etc. are mentioned, since triphenyl phosphine is low in activity and chemically stable and easy to obtain, it is preferable.
- the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst can be prepared from the Group 8-10 metal compound and phosphine by a known complex formation method.
- the Group 8-10 metal compound and the phosphine may be fed to the hydroformylation reaction zone to form a Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex within the reaction zone.
- phosphine may be introduced into the reaction zone as it is, but in consideration of ease of handling, etc., it is preferable to introduce it in a reaction medium (a solvent used when performing a hydroformylation reaction).
- Group 8 to 10 metal compounds include water solubility of rhodium chloride, palladium chloride, ruthenium chloride, platinum chloride, rhodium bromide, rhodium iodide, rhodium sulfate, rhodium nitrate, palladium nitrate, palladium nitrate, rhodium ammonium chloride and rhodium sodium chloride Inorganic salts or inorganic complex compounds, and water-soluble organic acid salts such as rhodium formate, rhodium acetate, palladium acetate, palladium acetate, rhodium propionate, palladium propionate and rhodium octanoate, and the like. Also, complex types of respective metals may be used. Among them, rhodium acetate is preferred from the viewpoint of reaction activity and catalyst cost.
- the hydroformylation reaction is carried out by reacting an olefin with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a Group 8-10 metal-phosphine based complex catalyst.
- the olefin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of the olefin having 2 to 20 carbon atoms include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, ⁇ -olefins such as 1-hexene and 1-octene, 2-butene, 2-pentene, 3-hexene, And internal olefins such as 4-octene.
- the reaction medium for the hydroformylation reaction is preferably one which dissolves the raw material and the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst, has a higher boiling point than the aldehyde formed, and has no reaction inhibiting action, such as benzene, toluene and xylene.
- Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane, esters such as butyl acetate and butyl acetate, and ketones.
- the concentration of group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst in the reaction medium is usually 1 ppm by weight to 10% by weight in terms of group 8-10 metal atom, and phosphine used as a ligand is a complex catalyst. An excess is usually present in the reaction medium, such as to increase stability.
- the hydroformylation reaction can be carried out under known conditions.
- the reaction time is appropriately selected within the range of several minutes to several tens of hours.
- an aldehyde having carbon number n + 1 can be obtained from a raw material olefin having carbon number n (n is an integer of 2 to 20, for example).
- aldehydes include propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, pentylaldehyde, hexyl aldehyde, heptyl aldehyde, octyl aldehyde, nonyl aldehyde and decyl aldehyde.
- Aldehydes are usually obtained as a mixture of linear and branched products.
- the hydroformylation reaction is usually carried out under the above reaction conditions using a flow type reactor, but a batch type reactor can also be used.
- the stripping method is a method in which a reaction liquid containing a catalyst is held in a reactor, olefin and oxo gas are continuously supplied, and aldehyde generated by the reaction is vaporized in the reactor and taken out of the system.
- the liquid circulation system is a method in which the reaction medium containing olefin and oxo gas and catalyst is continuously supplied to the reactor, and the reaction liquid containing the formed aldehyde, catalyst and reaction medium is continuously discharged to the outside of the reactor. It is a method to be taken out.
- the reaction liquid withdrawn from this reactor is separated into, for example, a formed aldehyde and a reaction liquid containing a catalyst by separation operation such as stripping with unreacted gas or distillation.
- the resulting aldehyde is withdrawn out of the system, and the reaction solution containing the catalyst is returned to the reactor for recycling.
- the stripping method since a high boiling point by-product which is a by-product of the hydroformylation reaction accumulates in the reaction liquid containing the catalyst held in the reactor, usually, a part of the reaction liquid containing the catalyst is intermittently interrupted. In the reaction zone.
- high-boiling by-products as by-products accumulate in the reaction zone when the reaction liquid containing the catalyst continues to be recycled, so part of the reaction liquid containing the catalyst is continuously or intermittently Take out of the reaction zone.
- the amount of the reaction solution to be withdrawn may be appropriately determined according to the amount of high boiling point by-product formed.
- the catalyst and phosphine corresponding to the catalyst and phosphine contained in the withdrawn reaction solution are newly supplied to the reaction zone.
- the high-boiling by-products are aldehyde condensates and the like formed by condensation of aldehydes which are the target products of the hydroformylation reaction.
- alkyl-substituted phosphine In the reaction solution in which the high-boiling by-products are accumulated, phosphine and alkyl-substituted phosphine (hereinafter, alkyl-substituted phosphine is referred to as “alkyl-substituted phosphine”) are present.
- RhH (PPh 3 ) 4 which is a complex in which triphenylphosphine (PPh 3 ) is coordinated to rhodium
- Rh complexes in which carbon monoxide and phosphine are coordinated to rhodium: eg RhH (CO) (PPh 3 ) 3
- RhH (CO) (PPh 3 ) 3 Complexes in which carbon monoxide and alkyl-substituted phosphines are coordinated to rhodium: for example, RhH (CO) (PPh 3 ) (PPh 2 R) 2 or RhH (CO) (PPh 2 R) 3 (where R represents an alkyl group) Represent), ⁇
- ⁇ A rhodium cluster complex in which a plurality of rhodium bonds to each other and to which carbon
- a complex in which an alkyl-substituted phosphine is coordinated to rhodium and a rhodium cluster complex have low activity as a complex catalyst. Furthermore, complexes in which alkyl-substituted phosphines are coordinated (including cluster complexes) have higher solubility in poor solvents than other complexes, and are difficult to crystallize. Further, a complex in which an alkyl-substituted phosphine is not coordinated to rhodium and at least hydrogen and phosphine are coordinated is high in activity, and suitably functions as a complex catalyst for a hydroformylation reaction. Although rhodium has been described above as an example, the same applies to other Group 8-10 metals.
- an alkyl-substituted phosphine is oxidized by contacting a reaction solution in which high-boiling by-products such as the above-mentioned aldehyde condensation by-products are accumulated with an oxygen-containing gas to oxidize the corresponding alkyl It is preferred to convert to a substituted phosphine oxide. By this conversion, the formation of a complex in which an alkyl-substituted phosphine is coordinated can be suppressed, and a reduction in reaction activity as a complex catalyst and a reduction in recovery of a Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex can be prevented.
- Alkyl substituted phosphines have a higher affinity for phosphines of group 8-10 metals than phosphines and are more susceptible to oxidation.
- the complex obtained by this decomposition can be recovered as a complex catalyst with high activity by performing crystallization with a poor solvent and hydrogen described later.
- examples of the complex catalyst having high activity include RhH (CO) (PPh 3 ) 3 and RhH (PPh 3 ) 4 .
- the oxidation rate of the alkyl-substituted phosphine is preferably 5 to 80%, more preferably 10 to 70%, and most preferably 30 to 60%.
- the oxidation rate is at least the lower limit of the above range, the amount of the complex to which the alkyl-substituted phosphine is coordinated in the reaction solution is reduced, and the recovery of the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst is preferably increased. Moreover, the oxidation of phosphine is suppressed as the oxidation rate is below the upper limit of the said range, and the quantity of the phosphine to reuse in a reaction zone does not reduce, and it is preferable.
- the oxidation rate (%) of the alkyl-substituted phosphine is ⁇ (the amount of alkyl-substituted phosphine in the reaction solution before oxidation-the amount of alkyl-substituted phosphine in the reaction solution after oxidation) / the amount in the reaction solution before oxidation Amount of alkyl-substituted phosphine ⁇ It is represented by ⁇ 100.
- the change in amount before and after oxidation of the alkyl-substituted phosphine can be detected by a conventional analysis method such as gas chromatography.
- oxidation is carried out by bringing the withdrawn reaction solution into contact with an oxygen-containing gas.
- the oxygen-containing gas preferably includes, for example, oxygen, air or a gas obtained by adding an inert gas such as nitrogen to air.
- Oxidation in the first embodiment of the present invention is preferably performed at 85 to 180 ° C., more preferably 90 to 180 ° C., still more preferably 110 to 180 ° C., and performed at 110 to 160 ° C. Is particularly preferred, and it is most preferred to carry out at 110 to 150.degree.
- the oxidation temperature is at least the lower limit of the above range, the conversion of the alkyl-substituted phosphine to the corresponding oxide is sufficient, and the recovery of the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst becomes higher, which is preferable. Moreover, the oxidation of phosphine is suppressed as the oxidation temperature is below the upper limit of the said range, and the quantity of the phosphine to reuse in a reaction zone does not reduce, and it is preferable.
- the oxidation temperature is 110 to 150 ° C., the decomposition of the cluster complex is further promoted, and the group 8-10 metal complex such as highly active rhodium is increased.
- the oxidation time in the first embodiment of the present invention is usually about several minutes to several hours, specifically 1 to 5 hours, although it depends on other conditions such as temperature.
- RhH (CO) (PPh 3 ) 3 and RhH (PPh 3) 4, etc. 8-10 metals - phosphine complex catalyst Is crystallized and the crystallized complex catalyst is recovered from the reaction solution.
- the poor solvent refers to a solvent in which the solubility of the Group 8-10 metal compound is smaller than that of the reaction solution, preferably maintains the homogeneous phase with the reaction solution, and is not involved in the reaction in the reaction zone.
- methanol, ethanol, propanol (n-, i-), butanol (n-, i-, t-), acetone and mixtures thereof with water can be mentioned.
- a mixture of water and an alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the mixing ratio (volume ratio) of water: alcohol is preferably 5: 1 to 1: 5, more preferably 1: 1 to 1: 4.
- the proportion of water is above the lower limit, the recovery rate will be high due to the solubility of the complex.
- the ratio of water is less than or equal to the upper limit, the reaction solution is likely to be in a uniform phase, and a good recovery rate is easily obtained.
- the weight ratio between the poor solvent and the reaction solution depends on the type of the poor solvent and the composition of the reaction solution, but the ratio of the poor solvent to the reaction solution is preferably 10: 1 to 1: 2, and more preferably 5: 1. To 1: 1.
- the reaction liquid after oxidation may be mixed with the poor solvent and hydrogen as it is, or at least a part of the reaction medium may be removed by distillation or the like and then the poor solvent and hydrogen may be mixed.
- the reaction solution and the poor solvent are mixed, and the obtained mixture is brought into contact with hydrogen gas, or the reaction solution and the poor solvent are mixed under a hydrogen atmosphere. and so on.
- the hydrogen partial pressure is usually 0.1 to 10 MPaG
- the contact time of hydrogen gas is usually several minutes to several hours.
- the temperature upon contacting with hydrogen is generally 0 to 95 ° C., preferably 10 to 30 ° C.
- the temperature of the reaction solution is maintained preferably at 0 to 95 ° C. (crystallization) to crystallize the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst. If the crystallization temperature is too high or too low, the catalyst recovery will be insufficient.
- the pressure in the crystallization operation is usually in the range of normal pressure to 10 MPaG.
- the crystallization time is usually several minutes to several hours.
- the crystallized group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst is separated and recovered from the liquid by a commonly used solid-liquid separation method. Specifically, there are methods such as decantation, centrifugation and filtration, and centrifugal filtration is often used industrially.
- the separation and recovery of the complex catalyst is also preferably performed while maintaining the temperature of the mixture (reaction solution) at 0 to 95 ° C.
- the reaction solution is oxidized and then crystallized, so that the crystallization time is shortened as compared with the case of crystallization without oxidation, and the recovery rate of the Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst and The activation rate goes up.
- oxidation and crystallization are preferably carried out under neutral to acidic conditions. This is because it is not necessary to perform washing and neutralization operations before the complex catalyst is returned to the reaction zone and reused.
- the recovered Group 8-10 metal-phosphine based complex catalyst is preferably dissolved in the reaction medium and fed to the hydroformylation reaction zone.
- the activity of the recovered Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst is determined by the hydroformylation reaction rate A and the new Group 8-10 metal-phosphine complex catalyst when the hydroformylation reaction is carried out using the complex catalyst. It can be determined by comparing the reaction rate B when using the same hydroformylation reaction. Specifically, the activity rate (%) is represented by (reaction rate A / reaction rate B) ⁇ 100.
- the above activity ratio can also be determined by comparing the reaction rates of the complex catalyst immediately before and after being treated according to the oxidation and crystallization of the present invention.
- the reaction rate can be observed as the rate of decrease of olefin as a raw material, carbon monoxide or hydrogen, and the like.
- the method for producing an alcohol of the present invention uses an aldehyde produced by the method for producing an aldehyde of the present invention.
- the alcohol can be produced by reacting the aldehyde as it is with hydrogen, ie, subjecting it to a hydrogenation reaction, or by subjecting it to dimerization and then subjecting to a hydrogenation reaction.
- a known solid catalyst in which a metal such as nickel, chromium, copper or the like is supported on a carrier can be used.
- the reaction conditions are usually a temperature of 60 to 200 ° C. and a hydrogen pressure of about 0.1 to 20 MPaG.
- the oxidation rate (%), Rh-phosphine complex catalyst recovery rate (%) (rhodium atom equivalent), TPP (triphenylphosphine) residual rate (%) and activity rate (%) are values determined by the following formula It is.
- Oxidation rate (%) ⁇ (amount of alkyl substituted phosphine in reaction solution before oxidation-amount of alkyl substituted phosphine in reaction solution after oxidation) / amount of alkyl substituted phosphine in reaction solution before oxidation ⁇ ⁇ 100
- TPP residual ratio (%) (amount of triphenylphosphine in reaction liquid after oxidation / amount of triphenylphosphine in reaction liquid before oxidation) ⁇ 100
- Activity rate (%) (Reaction rate when hydroformylation reaction is performed using the recovered Rh-phosphine complex catalyst / When hydroformylation reaction is performed using the new Rh-phosphine complex catalyst under the same conditions Reaction rate) ⁇ 100
- Example 1 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.18 weight% n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.52 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 26.53 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.31 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.46 (% by weight)
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.07 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.66 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 26.82 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 2.02 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 69.43 (% by weight)
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 276 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 12.40 (% by weight) Toluene 87.50 (% by weight)
- Example 2 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.19 weight%) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.62 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 25.81 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.78 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.60 (% by weight)
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 0.82 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.99 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 24.18 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 3.13 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.88 (% by weight)
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 292 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 13.01 (% by weight) Toluene 86.98 (wt%)
- Example 3 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.16 weight%) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.68 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 25.70 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.87 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.59 (% by weight)
- the above residue 454 g is charged into a stainless steel jacketed reactor and air and nitrogen (N 2 ) are supplied at an internal temperature of 150 ° C., the air supply rate of 0.50 (L / min), N 2 supply
- the oxidation treatment was performed by supplying for 2 hours at a speed of 1.51 (L / min).
- Analysis of the residue after oxidation treatment gave the following composition: 56.0% by weight of n-propyldiphenylphosphine was oxidized.
- the bottoms residue was clear amber, and it was confirmed that the cluster complex was decomposed.
- the TPP residual rate (%) was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 248 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 12.45 (% by weight) Toluene 87.54 (wt%)
- Example 4 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.20 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.67 (weight%) Triphenylphosphine 25.98 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.80 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.35 (% by weight)
- n-propyl diphenyl phosphine 0.20 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 1.58 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 20.16 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 6.89 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 71.17 (% by weight)
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 293 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 12.39 (% by weight) Toluene 87.60 (% by weight)
- Example 5 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.29 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.55 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 26.33 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.43 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.40 (% by weight)
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 0.84 weight%) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.92 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 25.93 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 2.49 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 69.82 (% by weight)
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 274 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 12.45 (% by weight) Toluene 87.54 (wt%)
- Example 6 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 0.38 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 1.17 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 21.46 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 5.64 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 71.35 (% by weight)
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 276 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 12.20 (% by weight) Toluene 87.70 (% by weight)
- Example 7 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.15 weight%) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.58 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 25.33 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.50 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 71.44 (% by weight)
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 0.62 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 1.08 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 22.47 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 3.82 (wt%) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 72.01 (% by weight)
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 225 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 11.89 (% by weight) Toluene 88.10 (wt%)
- Comparative Example 1 (Collection of Group 8-10 Metal-Phosphine Complex Catalyst) A hydroformylation reaction of propylene was performed using rhodium acetate as a Group 8 to 10 metal compound and triphenylphosphine as a phosphine ligand, and after completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was extracted. Next, the reaction solvent was removed from the reaction liquid by distillation to obtain a bottom residue of the following composition. The pot residue was black and transparent. In addition, the TPP residual rate (%) was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine 1.20 (% by weight) n-Propyl diphenyl phosphine oxide 0.62 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine 25.94 (% by weight) Triphenylphosphine oxide 1.75 (% by weight) Others (Various complexes, high-boiling by-products, etc.) 70.49 (% by weight)
- hydrogen gas was introduced at a pressure of 0.9 MPaG at a temperature of 15 ° C. while stirring at 611 rpm, and this pressure and temperature were maintained for 2 hours to precipitate a rhodium complex.
- hydrogen gas was purged, and solid-liquid separation was performed by ordinary vacuum filtration.
- the amount of the rhodium complex separated was quantified, and the recovery of the rhodium complex was determined. The recovery was 61.6% by weight in terms of rhodium atoms.
- Rhodium complex (rhodium atom equivalent) 247 (mg / L) Triphenylphosphine 14.50 (% by weight) Toluene 85.40 (weight%)
- Example 11 the amount of precipitated rhodium complex was quantified in the same manner as in Example 3 to determine the recovery rate of rhodium complex (in terms of rhodium atom). The relationship between the crystallization time and the recovery rate is shown in FIG.
- the holding time (crystallization time) was changed to 20 minutes (comparative example 2), 0.5 hours (comparative example 3), 1 hour (comparative example 4) and 2 hours (comparative example 5)
- the amount of precipitated rhodium complex was quantified in the same manner as in Example 3 to determine the recovery rate of rhodium complex (in terms of rhodium atom).
- the relationship between the crystallization time and the recovery rate is shown in FIG.
- the crystallization time required for the recovery rate to be maximum is 0.5 hours when the reaction solution is oxidized, whereas it is 1 when the oxidation is not performed. It was time. From this, it is understood that by oxidizing the reaction solution, the recovery rate is increased, the crystallization time is shortened, and the Rh-phosphine complex catalyst can be efficiently recovered.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、上記アルデヒドの製造方法により製造したアルデヒドを用いるアルコールの製造方法に関する。
[1]8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の存在下に、オレフィンを水素及び一酸化炭素と反応させるヒドロホルミル化反応によりアルデヒドを生成させるアルデヒドの製造方法であって、以下の(1)及び(2)の工程を含む、アルデヒドの製造方法。
(1)高沸点副生物が蓄積した反応液を反応帯域から抜き出し、抜き出した反応液を酸素含有ガスと接触させ酸化する工程
(2)(1)の工程後、該反応液に貧溶媒及び水素を混合した後、晶析して8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を晶出し、晶出した該錯体触媒を反応液から回収する工程
[2]前記酸化により、該反応液中のアルキル置換されたホスフィンをアルキル置換ホスフィンオキシドに転化する[1]に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[3]前記酸化により、該反応液中のクラスター錯体を分解する[1]または[2]に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[4]前記アルキル置換されたホスフィンの酸化率が5~80%である[2]に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[5]前記酸素含有ガスが、酸素、空気及び空気に窒素を加えたガスからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種である[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[6]前記酸化を85~180℃で行う[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[7]前記貧溶媒が水とアルコールの混合物である[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[8]前記酸化及び前記晶析を中性~酸性下で行う[1]~[7]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[9]前記(2)の工程により回収された前記錯体触媒をヒドロホルミル化反応帯域に供給する工程を含む[1]~[8]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[10]前記8~10族金属がロジウムである[1]~[9]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[11]前記酸化を1~5時間行う[1]~[10]のいずれか1つに記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
[12][1]~[11]のいずれか1つに記載の方法により製造したアルデヒドを用いるアルコールの製造方法。
[13][1]~[11]のいずれか1つに記載の方法によりアルデヒドを製造し、該アルデヒドからアルコールを製造する、アルコールの製造方法。
[14]8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の存在下に、オレフィンを水素及び一酸化炭素と反応させるヒドロホルミル化反応によりアルデヒドを生成させるアルデヒドの製造方法であって、以下の(X)及び(Y)の工程を含む、アルデヒドの製造方法。
(X)高沸点副生物が蓄積した反応液を反応帯域から抜き出し、抜き出した反応液に以下の(a)及び(b)を行い酸化する工程
(a)該反応液中の、アルキル置換されたホスフィンをアルキル置換ホスフィンオキシドに転化し、かつ
(b)該反応液中の、クラスター錯体を分解する。
(Y)(X)の工程後、該反応液に貧溶媒及び水素を混合した後、晶析して8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を晶出し、晶出した該錯体触媒を反応液から回収する工程
本発明の第一実施形態は、8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の存在下に、オレフィンを水素及び一酸化炭素と反応させるヒドロホルミル化反応によりアルデヒドを生成させるアルデヒドの製造方法であって、以下の(1)及び(2)の工程を含む、アルデヒドの製造方法である。
(1)高沸点副生物が蓄積した反応液を反応帯域から抜き出し、抜き出した反応液を酸素含有ガスと接触させ酸化する工程
(2)(1)の工程後、該反応液に貧溶媒及び水素を混合した後、晶析して8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を晶出し、晶出した該錯体触媒を反応液から回収する工程
(X)高沸点副生物が蓄積した反応液を反応帯域から抜き出し、抜き出した反応液に以下の(a)及び(b)を行い酸化する工程
(a)該反応液中の、アルキル置換されたホスフィンをアルキル置換ホスフィンオキシドに転化し、かつ
(b)該反応液中の、クラスター錯体を分解する。
(Y)(X)の工程後、該反応液に貧溶媒及び水素を混合した後、晶析して8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を晶出し、晶出した該錯体触媒を反応液から回収する工程
ストリッピング方式は、触媒を含む反応液を反応器内に保持し、オレフィン及びオキソガスを連続的に供給し、反応によって生成したアルデヒドを反応器内で気化させ、系外に取り出す方法である。
なお、抜き出す反応液の量は、高沸点副生物の生成量に応じて適宜決めればよい。
前記高沸点副生物は、ヒドロホルミル化反応の目的生成物であるアルデヒドが縮合することにより生成するアルデヒド縮合物等である。
・ロジウムにホスフィンが配位した錯体:例えば、ロジウム(Rh)にトリフェニルホスフィン(PPh3)が配位した錯体であるRhH(PPh3)4、
・ロジウムに一酸化炭素及びホスフィンが配位した錯体:例えばRhH(CO)(PPh3)3、
・ロジウムに一酸化炭素及びアルキル置換ホスフィンが配位した錯体:例えばRhH(CO)(PPh3)(PPh2R)2やRhH(CO)(PPh2R)3(ただし、Rはアルキル基を表す。)、
・ロジウムが複数結合し、これに一酸化炭素及びホスフィンが配位したロジウムクラスター錯体、更に
・該ロジウムクラスター錯体にアルキル置換ホスフィンが配位したロジウムクラスター錯体、
等のロジウム錯体が存在する。
以上ではロジウムを例に説明したが、他の8~10族金属でも同様である。
アルキル置換ホスフィンは8~10族金属に対する親和性がホスフィンより高く、また酸化されやすい。
アルキル置換ホスフィン等の酸化前後の量の変化は、ガスクロマトグラフィー等の慣用の分析方法によって検知することができる。
酸化温度が110~150℃であると、クラスター錯体の分解がより促進され、活性の高いロジウム等の8~10族金属錯体が多くなる。
本発明において酸化及び晶析は、中性~酸性下で行うことが好ましい。錯体触媒を反応帯域へ戻して再使用する前に、洗浄や中和操作を行う必要がないためである。
具体的には活性率(%)は、(反応速度A/反応速度B)×100で表される。
アルデヒド類をそのまま水素と反応させる、すなわち水素添加反応に供するか、または二量化した後に水素添加反応に供することにより、アルコールを製造することができる。該水素添加反応には、ニッケル、クロム、銅等の金属を担体に担持させた公知の固体触媒が使用できる。反応条件は、通常、温度が60~200℃、水素圧力が0.1~20MPaG程度である。
Rh-ホスフィン系錯体触媒回収率(%)(ロジウム原子換算)=(晶析後の晶析物中のRh量/晶析前の反応液中に含まれるRh量)×100
TPP残存率(%)=(酸化後の反応液中のトリフェニルホスフィンの量/酸化前の反応液中のトリフェニルホスフィンの量)×100
活性率(%)=(回収されたRh-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を用いてヒドロホルミル化反応を行った際の反応速度/新しいRh-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を用い、同様条件でヒドロホルミル化反応を行った際の反応速度)×100
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.52(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 26.53(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.31(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.46(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.66(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 26.82(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 2.02(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 69.43(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 12.40(重量%)
トルエン 87.50(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.62(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.81(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.78(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.60(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.99(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 24.18(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 3.13(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.88(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 13.01(重量%)
トルエン 86.98(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.68(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.70(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.87(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.59(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.28(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 22.94(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 4.56(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.71(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 12.45(重量%)
トルエン 87.54(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.67(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.98(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.80(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.35(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.58(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 20.16(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 6.89(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 71.17(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 12.39(重量%)
トルエン 87.60(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.55(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 26.33(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.43(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.40(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.92(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.93(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 2.49(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 69.82(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 12.45(重量%)
トルエン 87.54(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.51(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.15(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.63(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 71.68(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.17(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 21.46(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 5.64(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 71.35(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 12.20(重量%)
トルエン 87.70(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.58(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.33(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.50(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 71.44(重量%)
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.08(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 22.47(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 3.82(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 72.01(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 11.89(重量%)
トルエン 88.10(重量%)
(8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の回収)
第8~10族金属化合物として酢酸ロジウム、ホスフィン配位子としてトリフェニルホスフィンを用いたプロピレンのヒドロホルミル化反応を行い、反応終了後、反応液を抜き出した。次に該反応液から蒸溜により反応溶媒を除去して、以下の組成の釜残液を得た。
なお、該釜残液は黒色透明であった。また、TPP残存率(%)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
n-プロピルジフェニルホスフィンオキシド 0.62(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィン 25.94(重量%)
トリフェニルホスフィンオキシド 1.75(重量%)
その他(各種錯体、高沸点副生物等) 70.49(重量%)
回収したロジウム錯体、トリフェニルホスフィン及びトルエンを下記濃度になるように混合し、得られた混合液150mlを窒素雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ上下撹拌型のオートクレーブに入れ、オートクレーブを密閉した。
トリフェニルホスフィン 14.50(重量%)
トルエン 85.40(重量%)
実施例3の酸化処理後の釜残液80gと、イソプロピルアルコールと水の混合溶媒(イソプロピルアルコール:水=65:35(重量比))330gを、不活性ガスの雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ電磁誘導撹拌機のオートクレーブに入れた。オートクレーブを密閉した後、611rpmで撹拌しつつ、温度15℃で、水素ガスを圧力0.9MPaGとなるように圧入した。この圧力、温度で、15分(実施例8)、0.5時間(実施例9)、1時間(実施例10)及び2時間(実施例11)と保持時間(晶析時間)を変えた場合における、析出したロジウム錯体の量を実施例3と同様にして定量し、ロジウム錯体の回収率(ロジウム原子換算)を求めた。晶析時間と回収率との関係を図2に示した。
実施例3の酸化処理前の釜残液80gと、イソプロピルアルコールと水の混合溶媒(イソプロピルアルコール:水=65:35(重量比))330gを、不活性ガスの雰囲気にて0.5Lの容量を持つ電磁誘導撹拌機のオートクレーブに入れた。オートクレーブを密閉した後、611rpmで撹拌しつつ、温度15℃で、水素ガスを圧力0.9MPaGとなるように圧入した。この圧力、温度で、20分(比較例2)、0.5時間(比較例3)、1時間(比較例4)及び2時間(比較例5)と保持時間(晶析時間)を変えた場合における、析出したロジウム錯体の量を実施例3と同様にして定量し、ロジウム錯体の回収率(ロジウム原子換算)を求めた。晶析時間と回収率との関係を図2に示した。
Claims (13)
- 8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒の存在下に、オレフィンを水素及び一酸化炭素と反応させるヒドロホルミル化反応によりアルデヒドを生成させるアルデヒドの製造方法であって、以下の(1)及び(2)の工程を含む、アルデヒドの製造方法。
(1)高沸点副生物が蓄積した反応液を反応帯域から抜き出し、抜き出した反応液を酸素含有ガスと接触させ酸化する工程
(2)(1)の工程後、該反応液に貧溶媒及び水素を混合した後、晶析して8~10族金属-ホスフィン系錯体触媒を晶出し、晶出した該錯体触媒を反応液から回収する工程 - 前記酸化により、該反応液中のアルキル置換されたホスフィンをアルキル置換ホスフィンオキシドに転化する請求項1に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記酸化により、該反応液中のクラスター錯体を分解する請求項1または2に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記アルキル置換されたホスフィンの酸化率が5~80%である請求項2に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記酸素含有ガスが、酸素、空気及び空気に窒素を加えたガスからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記酸化を85~180℃で行う請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記貧溶媒が水とアルコールの混合物である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記酸化及び前記晶析を中性~酸性下で行う請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記(2)の工程により回収された前記錯体触媒をヒドロホルミル化反応帯域に供給する工程を含む請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記8~10族金属がロジウムである請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 前記酸化を1~5時間行う請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のアルデヒドの製造方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法により製造したアルデヒドを用いるアルコールの製造方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の方法によりアルデヒドを製造し、該アルデヒドからアルコールを製造する、アルコールの製造方法。
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WO2023095907A1 (ja) | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | アルデヒドの製造方法 |
WO2023112762A1 (ja) | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-22 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | アルデヒドの製造方法及びアルコールの製造方法、並びに触媒組成物 |
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CN113877635B (zh) | 2021-10-27 | 2024-02-06 | 南京延长反应技术研究院有限公司 | 一种铱基催化剂及其制备方法、醛化方法 |
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