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  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
  • C23C14/34—Sputtering
  • C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
  • C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
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  • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
  • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
  • C04B35/58085—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicides
  • C04B35/58092—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicides based on refractory metal silicides
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  • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
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  • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
  • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
  • C04B35/6261—Milling
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  • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
  • C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
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  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
  • C23C14/0682—Silicides
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  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
  • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
  • C23C14/34—Sputtering
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
  • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
  • H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
  • H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
  • H01J37/3414—Targets
  • H01J37/3426—Material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
  • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
  • H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
  • H01J37/3488—Constructional details of particle beam apparatus not otherwise provided for, e.g. arrangement, mounting, housing, environment; special provisions for cleaning or maintenance of the apparatus
  • H01J37/3491—Manufacturing of targets
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  • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
  • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
  • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
  • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
  • C04B2235/3891—Silicides, e.g. molybdenum disilicide, iron silicide
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  • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
  • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
  • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
  • C04B2235/3895—Non-oxides with a defined oxygen content, e.g. SiOC, TiON
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  • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
  • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
  • C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
  • C04B2235/428—Silicon
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  • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
  • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
  • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
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  • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
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Definitions

• the present invention relates to a tungsten silicide target used for forming electrodes and wirings of semiconductor devices such as LSI, and a method for manufacturing the same.
• the homogenization of the internal structure of the target material has always been promoted in order to achieve in-plane homogenization of the metal thin film obtained by film formation, and the physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique is combined with the improvement of the sputtering method itself.
• PVD physical vapor deposition
• the limit generation that can replace the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique has always been extended.
• pure metal or alloy targets have a system in place to constantly provide high-quality target materials that can obtain homogeneous and low-defect films by the texture control method that makes use of their metallic properties, the powder metallurgy method is used.
• Some of the target materials of intermetallic compound composition that are produced by using them are used on the same soil as the above-mentioned pure metal target, and the required defect level may be equally strict.
• the metal silicide target is unavoidably used in a semiconductor circuit composed of a metal and a silicon wafer.
• gate salicide, etc. uses a technique such as combining a pure metal film formed on silicon to obtain a silicide, but tungsten silicide has been directly deposited as a silicide by sputtering from a target material for a long time. It is a representative material that continues to prolong its life as a material.
• Tungsten silicide naturally has the hard and brittle properties that are characteristic of metal silicides, and since it cannot be formed into a target shape using a plastic deformation method like pure metal, it is a sintering molding method using powder metallurgy. Is generally used.
• the raw material silicide is provided as a powder, filled in a mold, and then compression-molded by a press. At that time, a method of heating to achieve bonding strengthening and high density of the powder is a hot press method, and in order to raise the temperature to an effective sintering temperature of the metal silicide, press in an inert gas or a vacuum. Sintering is required.
• a vacuum hot press When aiming at the particle reduction effect by increasing the density and reducing oxygen of the target, it is preferable to use a vacuum hot press.
• the state of the target internal structure is greatly involved in the surface properties when exposed to the sputtered surface, and the rough surface form manifested as a result of the coarse and inhomogeneous internal structure is a fine chipping at the end of the stepped portion, Since it is avoided as a particle source such as reattachment film formation and desorption, a fine homogeneous structure has been demanded.
• a fine homogeneous structure As a target material for the powder metallurgy method, it is only necessary to advance the pulverization of the raw material powder. The amount can be increased to generate oxide inside, and to induce micro-arcing during sputtering, which can be a particle generation source. In this way, fine grinding and oxygen reduction are always in a trade-off relationship, so various measures are taken to achieve a high balance between the selection of grinding methods, suppression of oxygen rise or addition of deoxygenation processes, etc. Has been taken.
• Patent Document 1 a refractory metal powder and a silicon powder are mixed and silicide reaction is performed in a high vacuum for the purpose of refining and densifying the structure of a metal silicide target.
• Patent Document 2 a refractory metal powder and a silicon powder are mixed and silicide reaction is performed in a high vacuum for the purpose of refining and densifying the structure of a metal silicide target.
• Disclosed is a method for producing a sputtering target in which a calcined body is formed, then the calcined body is pulverized to 150 ⁇ m or less, silicon powder is added and mixed, vacuum degassed, and then sintered with a hot isostatic press.
• This publication describes that the amount of oxygen increases to 500 ppm when the silicidation is carried out at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or lower.
• Patent Document 2 JP-A-2-247379 (Patent Document 2), a high-purity refractory metal powder and a high-purity silicon powder are pulverized and mixed in a ball mill in a vacuum or an Ar atmosphere, mechanically alloyed, and then in a vacuum.
• a silicidation target is produced by forming a calcined body by silicidation in an Ar atmosphere, then crushing the calcined body, filling it into a compacting can, and sintering it by hot isostatic pressing.
• a method is disclosed.
• a molybdenum silicide target having an oxygen content of 235 ppm is disclosed.
• a method for producing a silicide target characterized by pressure-sintering a silicide powder at a sintering temperature of 1300 to 1360 ° C., a pressure of 200 to 300 kgf / cm 2 and a holding time of 1 to 10 hours. Yes.
• Patent Document 4 discloses a calcined body obtained by subjecting a tungsten powder and a silicon powder mixed so that the atomic ratio Si / W of silicon and tungsten exceeds 2 to a silicidation reaction in a reducing atmosphere. Then, the pulverized powder obtained by pulverizing the calcined body is sintered at 1200 ° C. to 1400 ° C. at 110 MPa or more, and is assumed to be composed of stoichiometric tungsten silicide WSi 2 and pure silicon Si.
• a method for producing a tungsten silicide target material is disclosed in which a target material having a relative density of 101% or more, which is a ratio of a true density to a theoretical density calculated in this manner, is obtained.
• a molybdenum silicide target having an oxygen content of 240 to 275 ppm is disclosed.
• Patent Document 5 discloses that after mixing and baking a refractory metal powder having a particle size of 200 ⁇ m or less and a Si powder having a particle size of 200 ⁇ m or less, the powder is mixed. There is disclosed a method for producing a silicide target, characterized in that a raw material powder is produced by pulverization to 500 ⁇ m or less, and this raw material powder is compressed and sintered at a high temperature.
• Patent Document 6 discloses a step of mixing a high-purity silicon powder having a maximum particle size of 32 ⁇ m or less and a refractory metal powder having a maximum particle size of 20 ⁇ m or less, and using the mixed powder as a mold. And the metal silicide is reacted by reacting the silicon with a refractory metal by heating to 1000 ° C. to 1300 ° C. under a press pressure of 0.1 to 3 MPa in a vacuum of 10 ⁇ 2 to 10 ⁇ 3 Pa.
• a step of sintering at 1350 ° C. to 1450 ° C. for densification, and a method for producing a sputtering target is disclosed.
• silicon powder having an oxygen content of about 300 ppm or less is obtained by deoxidizing at a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ° C. in a high vacuum of 10 ⁇ 2 to 10 ⁇ 3 Pa before mixing the silicon powder with the refractory metal. It is also described that the oxygen content of the target finally obtained can be made 500 ppm or less by using.
• the development of the conventional tungsten silicide target material was intended to form electrodes and wiring of semiconductor devices, and how to achieve both pulverization and low oxygen (high purity) compatibility. It has been done mainly from the viewpoint of.
• the development of a new tungsten silicide target material that does not fall under the conventional fixed concept is considered to be useful in expanding the scope for development of semiconductor devices.
• tungsten silicide target capable of suppressing the generation of particles during sputtering by a method different from the conventional one.
• it is set as another subject to provide the manufacturing method of such a tungsten silicide target.
• a target having a composition containing surplus silicon with respect to a desired metal disilicide (WSi 2 ) such as a tungsten silicide target has a two-phase structure of metal disilicide and surplus silicon.
• a deoxygenation process may be performed, but at that time, excess silicon part traces that have been volatilized and removed as silicon monoxide
• the void-containing part acts in the same way as the low-density target material and generates fine particles. It has become apparent through development.
• the surface adsorbed oxygen adsorbed on the silicon surface uses the property that gas silicon monoxide is more stable and volatilized than solid silicon dioxide under high temperature and high vacuum. There is also a reduction in the amount.
• the metal disilicide powder itself has also started to sinter partially, and silicon originally present inside the sintered region is accompanied by adsorbed oxygen and silicon monoxide. After volatilization disappears, a low-density semi-sintered portion of a spongy metal disilicide is generated and remains.
• the raw material powder that has undergone the deoxygenation process is in a semi-sintered state due to its high temperature treatment, but if it is intended to be filled in the mold for hot press molding, it must be re-pulverized. However, if fine pulverization is performed, oxygen is adsorbed on the surface again due to the increase in surface area and returns to the state before the deoxygenation step. The rise can be suppressed slightly.
• the semi-sintered low-oxygen part of the metal disilicide lacking the excess Si generated by reducing oxygen is not deformed even during hot press sintering performed at a temperature below the melting point. Therefore, it remains in the tissue as a particle source. And according to the research result of the present inventor, it has been found that such a semi-sintered low oxygen portion rather than oxygen tends to be a particle source. And even if oxygen concentration was high, it turned out that the particle generation
• the number of low density semi-sintered portions having a size of 50 ⁇ m or more on the sputtering surface is 5 or less per 80000 mm 2 .
• the oxygen concentration is 500 ppm by mass to 2000 ppm by mass.
• the Si content is in excess of WSi 2 which is a stoichiometric composition.
• the maximum particle size of the Si particles is 20 ⁇ m or less.
• a method for manufacturing a tungsten silicide target Obtaining a mixture of a WSi 2 powder having an oxygen concentration of 500 mass ppm to 2000 mass ppm and a maximum particle size of 20 ⁇ m or less and an Si powder having an oxygen concentration of 500 mass ppm to 2000 mass ppm and a maximum particle size of 20 ⁇ m or less; Firing the mixture under pressure to obtain a sintered body; including.
• Another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a tungsten silicide target according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a tungsten silicide film including a step of sputtering using the tungsten silicide target according to the embodiment of the present invention.
• tungsten silicide target capable of suppressing the generation of particles during sputtering.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention has an oxygen concentration of 500 mass ppm to 2000 mass ppm. Since the oxygen concentration in the conventional tungsten silicide target is about 200 to 300 ppm by mass as described in the above-mentioned prior patent document, the embodiment of the present invention defines a considerably high oxygen concentration. It can be said. Since the tungsten silicide target according to the present embodiment does not require an extreme reduction in oxygen concentration, generation of a semi-sintered low oxygen portion, which is a side effect of lowering oxygen concentration, is significantly suppressed.
• the oxygen concentration in the tungsten silicide target is sufficiently refined by a fine pulverization method such as a jet mill, and the generally inevitable oxygen concentration of 500 ppm by mass when a raw material powder having a maximum particle size of 20 ⁇ m or less is obtained.
• the oxygen concentration is usually high, and the oxygen concentration can be used as an index indicating that sufficient miniaturization has been achieved. From this point of view, the oxygen concentration is preferably 500 ppm by mass or more, and more preferably 800 ppm by mass or more, assuming that fine pulverization can be achieved.
• the oxygen concentration in the tungsten silicide target is preferably 2000 mass ppm or less from the viewpoint of preventing excessive generation of oxides that are considered to cause micro arcing and generate particles. Is more preferable, and it is still more preferable that it is 1200 mass ppm or less.
• the oxygen concentration in the tungsten silicide target is measured by an inert gas melting-infrared absorption method.
• the semi-sintered low oxygen portion refers to sponge-like tungsten silicide remaining after silicon existing inside the sintered region volatilizes and disappears as silicon monoxide with adsorbed oxygen.
• the constituents are mainly tungsten disilicide in which 1 atom of tungsten and 2 atoms of silicon are bonded and generated, and it is surplus and cannot react with tungsten.
• Two types of silicon particles remain in In expressing these densities, the density can be determined relatively easily by using the Archimedes method or the like.
• what is regarded as important in the particle suppression problem is how dense a material structure is obtained, and what is usually used is a relative density% relative to the theoretical density.
• the denseness of the target material is discussed not by the relative density but by the number density of the low-density semi-sintered portion.
• the number of low-density semi-sintered portions having a size of 50 ⁇ m or more on the sputtering surface can be 5 or less per 80,000 mm 2 , preferably 3 or less. More preferably 2 or less, even more preferably 1 or less, and most preferably 0.
• the number of low-density semi-sintered portions having a size of 50 ⁇ m or more on the sputter surface is measured as follows.
• the sputter surface is ground to a surface roughness Ra ⁇ 1 ⁇ m (according to JIS B0601: 2013) by surface grinding, and then wet-polished with abrasive grains from # 240 to # 2000 (according to JIS R6001-2: 2017) After polishing to a surface roughness Ra ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m (conforming to JIS B0601: 2013), visible light is irradiated onto the sputtered surface by a general local illumination device such as a desktop fluorescent lamp.
• a general local illumination device such as a desktop fluorescent lamp.
• the low-density semi-sintered portion When the reflected light from the sputter surface is visually observed in this state, the low-density semi-sintered portion has a bright spot different from the parent phase (however, it is dark when the reflectivity is high and the light source and line of sight are not on the incident-reflection straight line). Note that it is visible.)
• the size of the bright spot that can be visually confirmed is about 20 ⁇ m, but the diameter of the smallest circle that can surround the bright spot to be measured on the microscope image of the measurement point is the size of the bright spot. Define.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention has a total concentration of impurities other than oxygen of 0.1% by mass or less, preferably 0.01% by mass or less, more preferably 0.001% by mass. It is as follows. Tungsten and silicon as raw materials having a purity of 5 to 9N are easily commercially available. By using such a high-purity raw material, impurities other than oxygen in the tungsten silicide target to be manufactured A total concentration of 0.001% by mass or less can be easily achieved.
• the concentration of impurities other than oxygen is measured by the GDMS method, and the elements to be measured are Fe, Al, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co, K, Na, U, and Th.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention has an Si content that is greater than WSi 2 having a stoichiometric composition.
• Si / W the atomic ratio between silicon and tungsten is preferably 2.1 or more, more preferably 2.3 or more.
• Si / W is preferably 4 or less, more preferably 3 or less, and even more preferably 2.8 or less.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention has a maximum Si particle size of 20 ⁇ m or less when the sputter surface is observed.
• the maximum particle size of the Si particles is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and can be, for example, 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m.
• the maximum particle size of Si particles when the sputter surface is observed is measured by the following method.
• a tungsten silicide target to be measured is divided by, for example, splitting, and an observation sample of 10 to 20 mm 2 is prepared.
• the surface of the surface on which the sputtered surface of the prepared sample remains is polished by wet buffing with alumina abrasive grains or silica abrasive grains to make the grain boundaries easy to see.
• the surface corresponding to the sputtered surface of the sample is observed with a metal microscope, Si particles having the largest particle diameter are specified, and the particle diameter is taken as a measurement value.
• the particle size of Si particles is defined as the diameter of the smallest circle that can surround each particle within the field of view. Since the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention has a highly uniform structure by the powder method, even a measured value from one field of view can be handled as a representative value.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention is not limited, but can be used after being processed into a disk shape, a rectangular plate shape, a cylindrical shape or the like.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention may be used by being bonded to a backing plate.
• the target and the backing plate may be joined by any known method.
• low melting point solder such as indium solder, tin solder, tin alloy solder, or the like can be used.
• Any known material may be used as the material for the backing plate.
• copper for example, oxygen-free copper
• copper alloy aluminum alloy, titanium, stainless steel, or the like can be used.
• the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention although not limited, it can be used as a sputtering target for forming electrodes, wirings and contact barriers of semiconductor devices such as LSI.
• the sputtering apparatus in which the tungsten silicide target according to the present invention can be used.
• a magnetron sputtering apparatus, an RF applied magnetron DC sputtering apparatus, or the like can be used.
• Target manufacturing method> An example of a method for manufacturing a tungsten silicide target according to this embodiment will be described.
• Examples of the method of firing under pressure include vacuum press, hot press, hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and vacuum hot press is selected to avoid sinterability inhibition due to residual gas between voids. It is preferable.
• W powder and Si powder are commercially available, and for example, those having a purity of 99.9% by mass or more, preferably a purity of 99.99% by mass or more, more preferably a purity of 99.999% by mass or more can be used.
• a high-purity commercial product having a purity of 99.9% by mass or more, preferably a purity of 99.99% by mass or more, more preferably a purity of 99.999% by mass or more may be obtained.
• the maximum particle size of both WSi 2 powder and Si powder is preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 16 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 12 ⁇ m or less, for example, 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m. be able to.
• the maximum particle size of the WSi 2 powder can be adjusted by, for example, pulverizing the WSi 2 powder using a pulverizer such as a ball mill, an attritor, or a jet mill, and then sieving with a sieve having a desired opening, It is possible to remove nonstandard coarse particles with a classifier.
• the maximum particle size of the Si powder can be adjusted by pulverization, sieving and classification.
• the pulverization is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon to suppress unnecessary oxidation.
• the oxygen concentration of the WSi 2 powder and the Si powder is adjusted to 500 mass ppm to 2000 mass ppm, preferably 800 mass ppm to 1500 mass ppm, more preferably 800 mass ppm to 1200 mass ppm before firing, after firing. This is desirable because the oxygen concentration in the target can be easily controlled within the target range.
• the step of pulverizing the WSi 2 powder and Si powder vacuum heat the WSi 2 powder and Si powder individually or mixed state This may be done after deoxygenation.
• WSi 2 mixture of powder and Si powder may be obtained by mixing both prepared WSi 2 powder and Si powder, respectively, also the W powder and Si powder in the synthesis of the WSi 2 powder Si excess conditions
• a mixed powder of WSi 2 particles and Si particles can also be obtained directly by causing a silicidation by mixing at (Si / W ⁇ 2).
• an apparatus capable of uniform mixing such as a V-type mixer, a pot mill, or a ball mill.
• the mixture is fired by hot pressing to obtain a sintered body.
• the hot pressing is preferably performed under conditions that can increase the density and strength of the sintered body. Hot pressing can be performed, for example, under the following conditions.
• Press temperature 1250-1400 ° C, preferably 1300-1390 ° C
• Press pressure 15 to 50 MPa, preferably 25 to 50 MPa
• Press time 60 to 180 minutes, preferably 120 to 180 minutes
• Holding time 120 to 240 minutes, preferably 120 to 180 minutes
• the holding time is the time for maintaining the pressing temperature after reaching a predetermined pressing temperature. .
• the pressed product After hot pressing, the pressed product is machined into a desired shape by machining to obtain a sputtering target.
• Example 1 Commercially available W powder having an oxygen concentration of 500 mass ppm and a total impurity concentration other than oxygen of 5 mass ppm, and an Si concentration of 2000 mass ppm obtained by pulverizing a commercially available Si lump and an Si impurity having a total concentration of impurities other than oxygen of 5 mass ppm.
• the synthesis condition was that the reaction was carried out at 1330 ° C. for 4 hours after evacuating to 4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa.
• the mixture was allowed to cool, and when the temperature dropped to 50 ° C., the reactor was removed from the furnace. This was pulverized with a ball mill under an argon atmosphere, and sieved with a dry sieve having an opening of 20 ⁇ m (mesh No. 635) to obtain a fine WSi 2 powder having a maximum particle size of 20 ⁇ m.
• the oxygen concentration of the obtained WSi 2 powder was 500 mass ppm.
• a commercially available Si lump was pulverized with a ball mill under an argon atmosphere and sieved with a dry sieve having an opening of 20 ⁇ m (mesh No. 635) to obtain a Si powder having a maximum particle size of 20 ⁇ m.
• the oxygen concentration of the obtained Si fine powder was 2000 mass ppm.
• the conditions for hot pressing were as follows. ⁇ Hot press conditions> Press temperature: 1350 ° C Atmosphere: Vacuum of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 Pa or less Press pressure: 30 MPa Press time: 60 minutes to 180 minutes after reaching the maximum temperature Holding time: 180 minutes The holding time is the time for maintaining the press temperature after reaching the predetermined press temperature.
• the pressed product was taken out and finished into a disk-shaped sputtering target having a diameter of 450 mm and a thickness of 5 mm by machining.
• the area of the sputtering surface of the target is about 159043 mm 2 .
• Table 1 shows the oxygen concentration of the sputtering target obtained under the production conditions.
• spatter surface of the sputtering target obtained on the said manufacturing conditions was observed by SEM, and the largest particle size of Si particle
• the results are shown in Table 1. Discrimination between the WSi 2 particles and the Si particles was performed based on the contrast difference in the SEM image. Since the Si particles are lighter than the WSi 2 particles, the portions recognized as black particles having low luminance in the SEM image are Si particles, and the portions recognized as light gray particles are WSi 2 particles.
• the number of low-density semi-sintered portions (bright spots) having a size of 50 ⁇ m or more on the entire sputtering surface of the sputtering target obtained under the production conditions was visually measured, and the results converted into the number per 80,000 mm 2 are shown in Table 1. Shown in In addition, since desorption of SiO occurs due to an exothermic reaction during the synthesis reaction, a low-density semi-sintered portion exists in a small amount without performing the oxygen reduction step.
• a tungsten silicide film was formed on a ⁇ 300 mm silicon wafer under the following sputtering conditions using the sputtering target obtained under the above manufacturing conditions, and the number of particles having a size of 0.05 ⁇ m or more on the silicon wafer was measured.
• a particle having a size of 0.05 ⁇ m or more means that the diameter of the minimum circle that can surround the particles virtually drawn on the silicon wafer is 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
• Example 2 A sputtering target was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that ball milling after synthesis of tungsten silicide and ball milling of the Si block were changed to jet milling, and the same characteristic evaluation and sputtering test as in Example 1 were performed. . The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 4 A sputtering target was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 3 except that the argon atmosphere pulverization after the synthesis of tungsten silicide was changed to nitrogen atmosphere pulverization, and the same characteristic evaluation and sputtering test as in Example 1 were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 1 The raw material mixed powder before hot pressing in Example 1 was heated again under the above-described tungsten silicide synthesis conditions, pulverized after heat treatment with a roll crusher mill, and then sieved with a sieve having an opening of 150 ⁇ m. Then, a sputtering target was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that hot pressing was performed thereafter, and the same characteristic evaluation and sputtering test as in Example 1 were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
• Example 2 (Comparative Example 2) The WSi 2 fine powder before hot pressing in Example 4 was heated again under the above-described tungsten silicide synthesis conditions, pulverized after heat treatment with a roll crusher mill, and then sieved with a sieve having an opening of 150 ⁇ m.
• the sputtering target was manufactured in the same procedure as in Example 4 except that the hot pressing was performed after that, and the same characteristic evaluation and sputtering test as in Example 1 were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

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