WO2017110857A1 - スイッチ、及びその製造方法 - Google Patents

スイッチ、及びその製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017110857A1
WO2017110857A1 PCT/JP2016/088069 JP2016088069W WO2017110857A1 WO 2017110857 A1 WO2017110857 A1 WO 2017110857A1 JP 2016088069 W JP2016088069 W JP 2016088069W WO 2017110857 A1 WO2017110857 A1 WO 2017110857A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulating layer
electrode
jumper
base material
electrode sheet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/088069
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康介 松島
泰之 立川
田中　渉
Original Assignee
株式会社フジクラ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社フジクラ filed Critical 株式会社フジクラ
Priority to JP2017558180A priority Critical patent/JP6714615B2/ja
Priority to US16/062,230 priority patent/US20200273637A1/en
Priority to CN201680059118.9A priority patent/CN108140505B/zh
Publication of WO2017110857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017110857A1/ja

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H01H13/703—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches characterised by spacers between contact carrying layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/10—Bases; Stationary contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2209/00—Layers
    • H01H2209/046—Properties of the spacer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2211/00—Spacers
    • H01H2211/004—Adhesive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2211/00—Spacers
    • H01H2211/006—Individual areas
    • H01H2211/018—Individual areas on printed conductors only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2229/00—Manufacturing
    • H01H2229/002—Screen printing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2229/00—Manufacturing
    • H01H2229/058—Curing or vulcanising of rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2233/00—Key modules
    • H01H2233/07—Cap or button on actuator part

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • a switch and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the contents described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-248390 filed in Japan on December 21, 2015 are read into this specification, and Part.
  • a switch comprising upper and lower electrode sheets and a spacer that is disposed between the upper and lower electrode sheets and forms a desired interval between the upper and lower electrode sheets, and the upper and lower electrode sheets and the spacer are bonded together with an adhesive
  • an adhesive is provided around the opening of the spacer by printing or the like.
  • the adhesive when the adhesive is provided on the spacer by printing, the adhesive may sag around the opening of the spacer.
  • the electrode sheet when the electrode sheet is made thin for the purpose of reducing the thickness of the switch, the rigidity of the electrode sheet is lowered. For this reason, when the switch is pressed, the electrode sheet may adhere to a portion where the adhesive saggs in a state following the shape thereof, whereby a contact portion of the electrode sheet may be recessed. In this case, there is a possibility that the upper and lower electrodes are close to each other and the switch is unexpectedly turned on.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a switch capable of suppressing a dent generated at a contact portion of an electrode sheet, and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • a switch includes a first electrode sheet having a first electrode, a second electrode sheet having a second electrode facing the first electrode, and the first electrode sheet. And the second electrode sheet, and the first electrode and the second electrode by a pressing force applied to at least one of the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet.
  • the first electrode sheet includes a first base material on which the first electrode is formed, the first base material, and the second electrode sheet. And a first spacer having a first opening at a position corresponding to the first electrode and joined to the second electrode sheet by the adhesive material, The first spacer is formed on the first base material.
  • the second electrode sheet is disposed between the second base material on which the second electrode is formed, the second base material, and the first spacer.
  • the second spacer may have a second opening at a position corresponding to the second electrode, and the second spacer joined to the first spacer by the adhesive material. It may be formed on the second electrode sheet.
  • the second electrode sheet may include a second base material on which the second electrode is formed, and the first spacer may be formed by the adhesive material. It may be joined to the substrate.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be located outside the periphery of the first opening.
  • the rigidity of the first spacer may be higher than the rigidity of the adhesive.
  • the first spacer may be thinner than the first electrode sheet.
  • the first electrode sheet may include a plurality of lead wires formed on the first base material, and the first spacer has an insulating property to cover the lead wires. You may have the coating
  • the lead-out wiring may include a first lead-out wiring and a second lead-out wiring provided with a jumper portion at a position intersecting with the first lead-out wiring, A plurality of jumper openings are formed so as to overlap a part of the second lead wiring formed on the first base, and between the jumper portion and the first lead wiring intersecting each other. A pair of jumper connection portions that are respectively filled in the jumper openings and connected to the second lead wiring formed on the first base material; and And a jumper wiring that is formed above and connects the pair of jumper connection portions.
  • an insulating jumper part insulating part formed so as to cover the jumper part may be provided on the covering part.
  • a method for manufacturing a switch according to the present invention includes a first electrode sheet having a first electrode, a second electrode sheet having a second electrode facing the first electrode, and the first electrode sheet. An adhesive material that joins the second electrode sheet and the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet by a pressing force applied to the first electrode sheet or the second electrode sheet.
  • a method of manufacturing a switch that is in contact with and conductive with an electrode, wherein a first spacer having an opening at a position corresponding to the first electrode is formed on a first base material on which the first electrode is formed.
  • the first spacer may be formed by printing and curing an insulating material constituting the first spacer on the first base material.
  • the first spacer is formed on the first base material of the first electrode sheet, the first base material of the first electrode sheet is stiffened. Thereby, it can suppress that the 1st electrode sheet adhere
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a membrane switch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view taken along line II-II in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during a pressing operation of the membrane switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state during a pressing operation of the membrane switch according to the comparative example.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during the pressing operation of the membrane switch according to the comparative example.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the membrane switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the membrane switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of the partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a process diagram for explaining the membrane switch manufacturing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the membrane switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a membrane switch according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing a membrane switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII in the partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the membrane switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the membrane switch according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a membrane switch according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a plan view showing a membrane switch according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view showing a membrane switch according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 18 is an XVIII-XVIII sectional view of the partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the membrane switch according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a membrane switch 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
  • the membrane switch 1 of this embodiment includes an upper electrode sheet 10, a lower electrode sheet 20, an adhesive layer 50, and a rubber dome 60 as a pressing member.
  • the upper electrode sheet 10 includes an upper substrate 11, an upper electrode 12, and an upper insulating layer 30.
  • the lower electrode sheet 20 includes a lower base material 21, a lower electrode 22, and a lower insulating layer 40.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 are joined by the adhesive layer 50.
  • the rubber dome 60 is attached to the upper surface of the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10.
  • a predetermined pressing force is applied to the upper electrode sheet 10 by the operator via the rubber dome 60, and the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 (both will be described later) come into contact with each other, and these are conducted. .
  • the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 are connected to an external circuit via lead wires 13 and 23 (see FIGS. 6 and 7), and the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 are electrically connected so that the external circuit is pressed by the operator. Detect operations.
  • the pressing force when the external circuit detects the pressing operation of the operator is referred to as “ON load”.
  • detection of an operator's pressing operation by the membrane switch 1 is not particularly limited to the above.
  • the operator's pressing operation may be detected based on a circuit resistance value that increases or decreases with a change in the contact area (contact state) of the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 according to the pressing force.
  • the “membrane switch 1” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “switch” in the present invention.
  • the upper substrate 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10 is made of a flexible insulating material such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate.
  • the thickness of the upper substrate 11 is set in the range of 20 to 100 ⁇ m and preferably in the range of 20 to 75 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the membrane switch 1. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the upper substrate 11 is set to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the upper electrode 12 is formed by printing and curing a conductive paste such as silver paste, copper paste, or carbon paste on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11.
  • the upper electrode 12 may be a multilayer. Examples of the printing method for forming the upper electrode 12 include screen printing, gravure offset printing, and inkjet printing.
  • the upper electrode 12 is connected to an external circuit via a lead wiring 13 (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • the upper electrode 12 and the lead-out wiring 13 may be formed integrally or individually.
  • the upper electrode 12 has a circular outer shape having a smaller diameter than openings 31 and 41 of upper and lower insulating layers 30 and 40 described later.
  • the upper electrode 12 is provided at a position corresponding to the upper and lower openings 31 and 41. Specifically, the center of the upper electrode 12 and the center of the upper and lower openings 31 and 41 are substantially the same. Match.
  • center refers to a point corresponding to the center of gravity in a planar shape.
  • shape of the upper electrode 12 is not particularly limited to the above.
  • the outer shape of the upper electrode 12 may be rectangular, mesh, or comb-like.
  • the “upper electrode sheet 10” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “first electrode sheet” in the present invention
  • the “upper substrate 11” in the present embodiment is an example of the “first substrate” in the present invention
  • the “upper electrode 12” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “first electrode” in the present invention.
  • the lower substrate 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20 is made of a flexible insulating material such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate, like the upper substrate 11.
  • the thickness of the lower substrate 21 is set in the range of 20 to 100 ⁇ m and preferably in the range of 20 to 75 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the membrane switch 1. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the lower base material 21 is set to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the lower electrode 22 is formed by printing and curing a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste on the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21 in the same manner as the upper electrode 12.
  • the lower electrode 22 may also be a multilayer.
  • a method of forming the lower electrode 22 a method similar to the method of forming the upper electrode 12 described above can be exemplified.
  • the lower electrode 22 is connected to an external circuit via a lead wiring 23 (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • the lower electrode 22 and the lead-out wiring 23 may be formed integrally or individually.
  • the lower electrode 22 has a circular outer shape having a smaller diameter than openings 31 and 41 of upper and lower insulating layers 30 and 40 described later.
  • the lower electrode 22 is provided at a position facing the upper electrode 12 through the internal space S. Specifically, the center of the lower electrode 22 and the center of the upper electrode 12 substantially coincide with each other. ing.
  • the shape of the lower electrode 22 is not particularly limited to the above.
  • the outer shape of the lower electrode 22 may be rectangular, mesh, or comb-like.
  • the “lower electrode sheet 20” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “second electrode sheet” in the present invention
  • the “lower substrate 21” in the present embodiment is the “second substrate” in the present invention
  • the “lower electrode 22” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “second electrode” in the present invention.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed by printing and curing a resist material such as a UV curable resin or a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11. Is formed. Examples of the printing method for forming the upper insulating layer 30 include screen printing, gravure offset printing, and inkjet printing.
  • the thickness of the upper insulating layer 30 is set in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m and preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness and increasing the rigidity of the membrane switch 1. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the upper insulating layer 30 is set to 15 ⁇ m and is set to be smaller than the thickness of the upper base material 11.
  • a UV curable resin is used as the resist material, and the UV curable resin printed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 is UV cured.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed by curing by processing.
  • the rigidity of the upper insulating layer 30 is set higher than the rigidity of the adhesive layer 50.
  • the “rigidity” of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 means the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 with respect to the force applied in the thickness direction of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30. It refers to the degree of difficulty of deformation.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed with a circular first opening 31 having a larger diameter than the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22.
  • the first opening 31 is provided so as to surround the upper electrode 12. Specifically, the center of the upper electrode 12 and the center of the first opening 31 substantially coincide with each other. .
  • it does not specifically limit as a diameter of this 1st opening part 31, From a viewpoint of stabilizing the ON load of the membrane switch 1, it is preferable that it is 5 mm or less. However, in order not to increase the ON load too much, it is preferably 1 mm or more.
  • the shape of the first opening 31 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular shape.
  • the “upper insulating layer 30” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “first spacer” in the present invention, and the “first opening 31” in the present embodiment corresponds to the “first opening” in the present invention. It corresponds to an example.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is printed and cured on a top surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 with a resist material such as a UV curable resin such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin, or a thermosetting resin. It is formed by.
  • a resist material such as a UV curable resin such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin, or a thermosetting resin. It is formed by.
  • Examples of the printing method for forming the lower insulating layer 40 include a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, an ink jet printing method, and the like, as with the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the thickness of the lower insulating layer 40 is set in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m and preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness and rigidity of the membrane switch 1.
  • the thickness of the lower insulating layer 40 is set to 15 ⁇ m, and is set to be smaller than the thickness of the lower base material 21.
  • a UV curable resin printed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 is used as the resist material.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed by curing by UV curing.
  • the rigidity of the lower insulating layer 40 is set higher than the rigidity of the adhesive layer 50.
  • the “rigidity” of the lower base material 21 and the lower insulating layer 40 refers to the lower base material 21 and the lower base material 21 against the force applied in the thickness direction of the lower base material 21 and the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the degree of difficulty of deformation of the lower insulating layer 40 is indicated.
  • a circular second opening 41 having a larger diameter than the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 is formed in the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the second opening 41 is provided so as to surround the lower electrode 22. Specifically, the center of the lower electrode 22 and the center of the second opening 41 substantially coincide with each other. ing.
  • it does not specifically limit as a diameter of this 2nd opening part 41, From a viewpoint of stabilizing the ON load of the membrane switch 1, it is preferable that it is 5 mm or less. However, in order not to increase the ON load too much, it is preferably 1 mm or more.
  • the shape of the second opening 41 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular shape.
  • the “lower insulating layer 40” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “second spacer” in the present invention, and the “second opening 41” in the present embodiment is the “second opening” in the present invention. It corresponds to an example.
  • the adhesive layer 50 is interposed between the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 and has a function of adhering (adhering) these.
  • Such an adhesive layer 50 preferably includes a resin material, and may further include an additive or the like.
  • a resin material which comprises such an adhesion layer 50 it can select suitably according to the pressure sensitivity of the membrane switch 1, and can illustrate a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, etc., for example.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 50 is set in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, and preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ⁇ m. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the adhesive layer 50 is set to 15 ⁇ m.
  • thermoplastic resin examples include vinyl acetate resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin (EVA), vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, ⁇ -olefin resin, and the like. be able to.
  • thermosetting resin examples include urea resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, resorcinol resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, and the like.
  • the adhesive layer 50 of the present embodiment has a third opening 51 and an air vent 52.
  • the adhesive layer 50 is uniformly formed on substantially the entire surface between the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 except for the third opening 51 and the air vent 52.
  • the third opening 51 has a circular outer shape corresponding to the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22.
  • the third opening 51 is a through hole that penetrates the adhesive layer 50 in the vertical direction (Z direction) and opens on both main surfaces of the adhesive layer 50.
  • the third opening 51 is provided at a position corresponding to the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22. Specifically, the center of the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 and the center of the third opening 51 are substantially the same. Is consistent. As a result, in the present embodiment, the center of the first opening 31, the center of the second opening 41, and the center of the third opening 51 substantially match.
  • the air vent 52 is formed between the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the air vent 52 is a through hole that communicates the internal space S (specifically, the third opening 51) around the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 with the external space.
  • the air vent 52 can intake and exhaust air in the internal space S according to the pressing operation of the operator. That is, when the pressing force is applied by the operator, the air in the internal space S is discharged from the air vent 52, and when the pressing force by the operator is released, the air is taken into the internal space S from the air vent 52. Thus, by not sealing the internal space S, it is possible to prevent the operator from feeling uncomfortable.
  • Such an adhesive layer 50 is not particularly limited.
  • a known method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, or an ink jet printing method is used for the adhesive material constituting the adhesive layer 50.
  • the adhesive layer 50 is formed by using a printing technique such as a screen printing method.
  • the adhesive layer 50 is formed on the lower insulating layer 40, and then the upper insulating layer 30 is placed on the adhesive layer 50, and the upper insulating layer 30 sandwiching the adhesive layer 50 is used.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 was bonded by lamination.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed by forming the adhesive layer 50 on the upper insulating layer 30 and then placing the lower insulating layer 40 on the adhesive layer 50 and sandwiching the adhesive layer 50 therebetween. And the lower insulating layer 40 may be bonded together by laminating.
  • the third opening 51 and the air vent 52 may be formed by laminating and patterning a mask on one of the upper and lower insulating layers 30 and 40, or one of the upper and lower insulating layers 30 and 40. After the adhesive material is applied to the entire surface, it may be formed by partially scraping. Alternatively, the third opening 51 and the air vent 52 may be formed by selectively applying an adhesive material.
  • the outer shape of the third opening 51 is the first and second. It is larger than the outer shape of the openings 31, 41. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the diameter D1 of the third opening 51 is larger than the diameter D2 of the first and second openings 31 and 41. In particular, in the present embodiment, the diameter D1 of the third opening 51 is 0.4 to 1.0 mm larger than the diameter D2 of the first and second openings 31 and 41.
  • the diameter D1 of the third opening 51 may be equal to or larger than the diameter D2 of the first and second openings 31 and 41.
  • the shape of the third opening 51 is not particularly limited to the above.
  • the third opening 51 may be rectangular.
  • the thicknesses of the upper insulating layer 30, the adhesive layer 50, and the lower insulating layer 40 are set such that the total is smaller than the thickness of the upper substrate 11 or the lower substrate 21.
  • the “adhesive layer 50” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “adhesive” in the present invention
  • the “third opening 51” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “third opening” in the present invention. To do.
  • the rubber dome 60 is attached to the upper surface of the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10.
  • the rubber dome 60 is a rubber material provided to return the key top to its original position when a pressing force is transmitted through the key top provided in a state capable of moving up and down above the rubber dome 60. It is an elastic member made of, etc.
  • the rubber dome 60 includes a dome-shaped main body portion 61 that protrudes toward the side away from the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10, and an attachment portion 62 that extends outward from the edge of the main body portion 61. It is configured.
  • the rubber dome 60 is directly attached to the upper surface of the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10, it is not limited to this.
  • a rubber dome support member (not shown) made of PET or the like is provided on the upper surface of the upper substrate 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10, and the rubber dome 60 is connected to the upper substrate of the upper electrode sheet 10 via the cover member. 11 may be attached.
  • the rubber dome 60 has a function as a pressing member that assists the pressing operation of the membrane switch 1.
  • the pressing member is not limited to the rubber dome, and may be a metal dome or a protrusion provided on the lower surface of the key top. Moreover, it is not essential to provide this pressing member.
  • the mounting portion 62 is an annular member formed over the entire circumference of the main body portion 61, and is in close contact with the upper surface of the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10.
  • the outer shape of the main body 61 and the outer shape of the mounting portion 62 are circular in plan view. Further, the rubber dome 60 is formed so that the center (top portion) of the main body 61 and the center of the mounting portion 62 substantially coincide with each other.
  • the adhesive material has fluidity, so that the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50 is sagged as shown in FIG.
  • the edge portion 53 is opposed to the edge portion 32 of the upper insulating layer 30 via a gap.
  • the upper base material 11 is stiffened by the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the portion of the upper base material 11 where the upper electrode 12 is provided has high rigidity and is difficult to bend.
  • the edge 32 of the upper insulating layer 30 comes into contact with the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50 by applying an excessive pressing force to the upper substrate 11 via the rubber dome 60, the edge of the adhesive layer 50
  • the adhesive force 53 acts on the edge portion 32 of the upper insulating layer 30 and resists the restoring force from the elastic deformation state of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the adhesive force of the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50 exceeds the restoring force of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30, the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 are maintained in a recessed state.
  • the rigidity of the integrated body of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 is set so that the restoring force from the elastic deformation state of the base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 exceeds the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 50.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing a state during the pressing operation of the membrane switch 1B according to the comparative example.
  • FIG. 5 is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of pressing operation of the membrane switch 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment, and the description in the first embodiment is used.
  • the membrane switch 1B includes an upper electrode sheet 10, a lower electrode sheet 20, a spacer 30B, an upper adhesive layer 40B, a lower adhesive layer 50B, and a rubber. And a dome 60.
  • a spacer 30B is provided between the upper electrode sheet 10 and the lower electrode sheet 20, and the upper surface of the spacer 30B and the lower surface of the upper electrode sheet 10 are adhered by the upper adhesive layer 40B.
  • the lower surface and the upper surface of the lower electrode sheet 20 are adhered to each other by the lower adhesive layer 50B.
  • the spacer 30B is a PET film.
  • a first opening 31B is formed in the spacer 30B so as to correspond to the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22.
  • the upper adhesive layer 40B has second openings 41B corresponding to the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22, and the lower adhesive layer 50B has a third opening corresponding to the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22.
  • An opening 51B is formed.
  • the peripheral edge of the second opening 41B is located outside the peripheral edge of the first opening 31B.
  • the peripheral edge of the third opening 51B is also located outside the peripheral edge of the first opening 31B.
  • the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10 is opposed to the edge portion 43B via a gap. Therefore, when the pressing force is applied to the upper base material 11 through the rubber dome 60 and the upper base material 11 is recessed, the upper base material 11 approaches the edge 43B of the upper adhesive layer 40B. And when the upper side base material 11 contacts the edge 43B of the upper side adhesive layer 40B, the adhesive force of the edge part 43B of the upper side adhesive layer 40B acts on the upper side base material 11, and the elastic deformation of the upper side base material 11 is carried out. Resist the restoring force from the state.
  • the edge 53B of the lower adhesive layer 50B approaches the spacer 30B.
  • the thickness of the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10 and the lower base material 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20 is small in order to reduce the thickness (for example, this embodiment) 50 ⁇ m) as in the case of the form. Therefore, the rigidity of the upper base material 11 and the lower base material 21 is low. Thereby, when a pressing force is applied to the upper base material 11 via the rubber dome 60, the portion of the upper base material 11 that faces the edge portion 43B of the upper adhesive layer 40B is easily bent and is likely to contact the edge portion 43B. .
  • the edge of the lower adhesive layer 50B of the lower substrate 21 is shown in FIG. A portion corresponding to the portion 53B is likely to bend following the upper base material 11, thereby making it easier for the edge portion 43B to contact the spacer 30B. Furthermore, since the adhesive force of the edge 43B of the upper adhesive layer 40B exceeds the restoring force from the elastic deformation state of the upper substrate 11, the upper substrate 11 follows the shape of the edge 43B of the upper adhesive layer 40B. Thus, the state where the contact portion of the upper electrode sheet 10 is recessed is maintained.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed around the upper electrode 12 on the lower surface 111 of the upper base material 11, and The upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 are integrated, whereby the upper base material 11 is stiffened by the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the portion of the upper base material 11 provided with the upper electrode 12 is recessed, whereas the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer are recessed.
  • the portion integrated with 30 is difficult to bend and is difficult to approach the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed around the lower electrode 22 on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21, and the lower substrate 21 and the lower insulating layer 40 are integrated around the lower electrode 22.
  • the lower base material 21 is stiffened by the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the rigidity of the integrated body of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 is set so that the restoring force from the elastic deformation state of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 exceeds the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 50. ing. Therefore, even if the edge 32 of the upper insulating layer 30 and the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50 come into contact with each other by applying an excessive pressing force to the upper substrate 11 via the rubber dome 60, the upper substrate 11 and The upper insulating layer 30 is restored from an elastically deformed state, that is, a recessed state.
  • the upper base material 11 is adhered in a state following the shape of the edge portion 53 of the adhesive layer 50, that is, the upper electrode sheet 10 is kept in a depressed state. This can prevent the on-state from being maintained.
  • the membrane switch 1 according to the present embodiment can be made thinner than the membrane switch 1B according to the comparative example. That is, in this embodiment, the upper insulating layer 30 is formed by printing on the upper electrode sheet 10 and curing, and the lower insulating layer 40 is formed by printing on the lower electrode sheet 20 and curing. Here, the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 are formed by printing and curing the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 as compared with the spacer 30B made of the PET film of the comparative example. Can be thinned. In the present embodiment, one adhesive layer 50 is formed, whereas in the comparative example, the upper and lower adhesive layers 40B and 50B are formed.
  • the thickness of an adhesive can be made small compared with a comparative example.
  • the membrane switch 1 according to this embodiment can be made thinner than the membrane switch 1B according to the comparative example.
  • the total thickness of the upper insulating layer 30, the adhesive layer 50, and the lower insulating layer 40 is set to be smaller than the thickness of the upper substrate 11 or the lower substrate 21. Accordingly, the membrane switch 1 can be thinned, and depressions generated at the contact portions of the upper electrode sheet 10 and the lower electrode sheet 20 can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the membrane switch 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the membrane switch 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the membrane switch 1 includes a plurality of electrode pairs 2 including an upper electrode 12 and a lower electrode 22.
  • the membrane switch 1 includes a plurality of upper lead wires 13 provided on the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10, and a plurality of lead wires 23 provided on the lower base material 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20.
  • the upper tail portion 14 provided on one side of the upper base material 11 and the lower tail portion 24 provided on one side of the lower base material 21 are provided.
  • the upper lead wire 13 is connected to connect a plurality of upper electrodes 12 arranged in a row and extends to the tip of the upper tail portion 14.
  • the plurality of lead wires 13 are wired so as not to cross each other. Therefore, the lead-out wiring 13 does not include a jumper portion.
  • the lower lead wiring 23 connects a plurality of lower electrodes 22 arranged in a row and extends to the tip of the lower tail portion 24.
  • the plurality of lead wires 23 are wired so that the two lead wires 23 and the remaining one lead wire 23 cross each other. Therefore, as shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. 6, jumper portions 25 are provided at two intersections where the two lead wires 23 and the remaining one lead wire 23 intersect.
  • the detailed configuration of the jumper unit 25 will be described later.
  • the “remaining one lead-out wiring 23” corresponds to “first lead-out wiring” in the present invention, and “two lead-out wirings 23” corresponds to “second lead-out wiring” in the present invention.
  • the upper lead wiring 13 is formed by printing and curing a conductive paste such as silver paste, copper paste, or carbon paste on the lower surface 111 of the upper base 11 and the lower surface of the upper tail portion 14.
  • the lower lead-out wiring 23 is printed and cured with a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste on the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21 and the upper surface of the lower tail portion 24. It is formed by.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed directly and integrally with the upper base material 11 so as to cover the upper lead wiring 13.
  • the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper base material 11 is covered with the upper insulating layer 30 except for the position facing the first opening 31.
  • the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper tail portion 14 may be covered with the upper insulating layer 30, or may be covered with another insulating layer formed on the upper tail portion 14 separately from the upper insulating layer 30. .
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed directly and integrally with the lower base material 21 so as to cover the lower lead wiring 23.
  • the lead-out wiring 23 on the lower base material 21 is covered with the lower insulating layer 40 except for the position facing the second opening 41.
  • the lead-out wiring 23 on the lower tail portion 24 may be covered with the lower insulating layer 40, or covered with another insulating material formed on the lower tail portion 24 separately from the lower insulating layer 40. May be. Further, it is not essential that the lead-out wiring 23 on the lower base 21 is covered with the lower insulating layer 40 over the entire area of the lower base 21. Some may be coated with other insulating materials.
  • the adhesive layer 50 includes a plurality of third openings 51 and an air vent 52 that allows the third openings 51 to communicate with each other. Air vents 52 are provided between the plurality of third openings 51 arranged in a line. One air vent 52 is provided between one third opening 51 and one side of the adhesive layer 50, and the third opening 51 communicates with the outside of the adhesive layer 50. Yes.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of the partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • one lead-out wiring 23 includes a straight line portion 231 extending along one side of the lower substrate 21, and the remaining two lead-out wirings 23 intersect with the straight line portion 231.
  • the straight portion 232 is provided.
  • the straight portion 232 is divided into a first straight portion 2321 and a second straight portion 2322 so as not to intersect with the straight portion 231.
  • the end of the first straight part 2321 and the end of the second straight part 2322 are connected by a jumper part 25.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 includes jumper openings 43 formed at positions facing the end of the first straight portion 2321 and positions facing the end of the second straight portion 2322, respectively. A part of the first straight line portion 2321 and the second straight line portion 2322 is exposed from the lower insulating layer 40 by overlapping with the jumper opening 43.
  • the jumper portion 25 includes a pair of jumper connection portions 25A each filled in the jumper opening 43, and a jumper wiring portion 25B that connects the pair of jumper connection portions 25A.
  • the jumper connection portion 25 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the end portion of the first straight portion 2321 or the end portion of the second straight portion 2322 in the jumper opening 43.
  • a jumper part insulating layer 70 is formed on the lower insulating layer 40 only at the position of the jumper part 25.
  • a jumper wiring portion 25 ⁇ / b> B is formed on the jumper portion insulating layer 70.
  • the “jumper portion 25” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper portion” in the present invention
  • the “jumper connection portion 25A” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper connection portion” in the present invention.
  • the “jumper wiring portion 25B” in the embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper wiring portion” in the present invention
  • the “jumper opening 43” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper opening” in the present invention.
  • the space defined by the jumper portion 25 and the upper surface of the lower base material 21 is filled with an insulating material constituting the lower insulating layer 40 and an insulating material constituting the jumper portion insulating layer 70. .
  • the inner peripheral side of the jumper part 25 is covered with the jumper part insulating layer 70 and the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the jumper insulating layer 70 is formed by applying and curing a resist material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin on the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the adhesive layer 50 is also present at the position where the jumper insulating layer 70 is formed and overlaps with the jumper insulating layer 70, but corresponds to the position where the jumper insulating layer 70 is formed. Then, by forming an opening in the adhesive layer 50, the adhesive layer 50 and the jumper part insulating layer 70 may be configured not to overlap each other.
  • the “jumper insulating layer 70” in the present embodiment corresponds to the “jumper insulating layer” in the present invention.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is directly formed on the upper base material 11 so as to cover the upper outgoing wiring 13. Can be improved.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is directly formed on the lower base material 21 so as to cover the lower extraction wiring 23, so that Waterproofness and insulation can be improved.
  • each layer is formed individually. In comparison, effects such as reduction in thickness and reduction of the process can be obtained.
  • the jumper portion 25 formed on the lower base material 21 is covered with the lower insulating layer 40, the jumper portion insulating layer 70, and the upper insulating layer 30. 25 waterproofness and insulation can be ensured.
  • the layer for waterproofing and insulating the jumper portion 25 and the spacer for adjusting the distance between the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 can be shared, so that each layer is formed individually. Thus, it is possible to obtain an effect that the thickness can be reduced and the number of steps can be reduced.
  • FIG. 9 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the membrane switch 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the manufacturing method of the membrane switch 1 according to the present embodiment includes an electrode and wiring forming step (S10), an upper insulating layer forming step (S20), and a lower insulating layer forming step (S30).
  • the jumper part insulating layer forming step (S40), the jumper part forming step (S50), and the bonding step (S60) are provided.
  • the upper electrode 12 and the upper lead wiring 13 are formed on the upper substrate 11. Further, the lower electrode 22 and the lower lead wiring 23 are formed on the lower base material 21.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed and cured on the lower surface 111 of the upper base 11 and the lower surface of the upper tail portion 14.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 and the upper surface of the lower tail portion 24 and cured.
  • the first straight portion 2321 and the second straight portion 2322 are formed so that the straight portion 232 does not intersect the straight portion 231 without forming the jumper portion 25. It forms in the state divided
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper base material 11.
  • a resist material constituting the upper insulating layer 30 is printed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 by a printing method such as a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, or an ink jet printing method.
  • a layer of a resist material having the first opening 31 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11.
  • the layer of the resist material formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 is cured.
  • a UV curable resin is used as a resist material, and a UV curing process is performed as a curing process.
  • thermosetting process is easier to control the film thickness of the layer to be cured than the thermosetting process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the accuracy of the film thickness of the upper insulating layer 30 can be increased as compared with the case where the thermosetting resin is used as the resist material and the thermosetting treatment is performed to cure the resist material.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21.
  • a resist material constituting the lower insulating layer 40 is printed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 by a printing method such as a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, or an ink jet printing method.
  • a layer of a resist material having the second opening 41 and the jumper opening 43 is formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21.
  • the resist material layer formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 is cured.
  • a UV curable resin is used as a resist material, and a UV curing process is performed as a curing process.
  • This UV curing process is easier to control the film thickness of the layer to be cured than the thermosetting process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the accuracy of the film thickness of the upper insulating layer 40 can be increased as compared with the case where the thermosetting resin is used as the resist material and the thermosetting treatment is performed to cure the resist material.
  • the jumper part insulating layer 70 is formed at a position where the jumper part 25 on the lower insulating layer 40 is formed.
  • a resist material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin is applied on the lower insulating layer 40 and cured.
  • the jumper part 25 is formed on the lower electrode sheet 20.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed and cured on the lower insulating layer 40 and the jumper insulating layer 70 so as to be filled in the jumper opening 43.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive material constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is subjected to upper insulation using a known method such as gravure coating, roll coating, screen printing, gravure offset printing, or ink jet printing. It is applied on the layer 30 or on the lower insulating layer 40. At this time, a layer of the adhesive material having the third opening 51 is formed on the upper insulating layer 30 or the lower insulating layer 40. Thereafter, the adhesive layer 50 is formed by curing the adhesive material applied on the upper insulating layer 30 or the lower insulating layer 40 by drying or the like. Next, the lower surface of the upper insulating layer 30 and the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 40 are bonded together by laminating.
  • a known method such as gravure coating, roll coating, screen printing, gravure offset printing, or ink jet printing. It is applied on the layer 30 or on the lower insulating layer 40.
  • a layer of the adhesive material having the third opening 51 is formed on the upper insulating layer 30 or the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the adhesive material is cured before bonding the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer, but before the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 are bonded, the adhesive material is The adhesive material may be cured only after the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower insulating layer 40 are bonded together without being cured.
  • the insulating material constituting the upper insulating layer 30 is printed on the lower surface 111 of the upper base material 11 by the above printing method and cured. Further, the insulating material constituting the lower insulating layer 40 is printed and cured on the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21 by the above printing method.
  • a printing technique is used. According to this, the diameter and position of the opening can be set with high accuracy. Therefore, the ON load of the membrane switch 1 can be set easily and with high accuracy.
  • a spacer 30B having openings at positions corresponding to the upper and lower electrodes 12 and 22 is formed, and the upper and lower adhesive layers 40B are formed on the upper and lower substrates 11 and 21 with the spacer 30B. , 50B (see FIGS. 3 and 4), a high positioning accuracy between the spacer 30B and the upper and lower base materials 11 and 21 is required in the joining process. At this time, a high positioning accuracy between the upper and lower substrates 11 and 21 and the upper and lower insulating layers 30 and 40 is required.
  • the diameter and position of the first opening 31 and the second opening 41 are set with high accuracy by a printing technique, and then the upper insulating layer 30 can be formed on the upper base material 11 and the lower insulating layer 40 can be formed on the lower base material 21, respectively. Therefore, in the bonding step, the upper insulating layer 30 and the upper base material 11 are integrated with high positioning accuracy. Two positions of the electrode sheet 10 and the lower electrode sheet 20 in which the lower insulating layer 40 and the lower base material 21 are integrated with high positioning accuracy are sufficient. Therefore, effects such as process simplification and man-hour reduction can be obtained with respect to the above-described comparative example.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a membrane switch 100 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the first embodiment is used.
  • the membrane switch 100 of the present embodiment includes an upper electrode sheet 10, a lower electrode sheet 20, an adhesive layer 50, and a rubber dome 60.
  • the upper electrode sheet 10 includes an upper substrate 11, an upper electrode 12, and an upper insulating layer 30.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10, and the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20 and the lower surface of the upper insulating layer 30. Are adhered by the adhesive layer 50.
  • the lower electrode sheet 20 is firmly fixed to a device such as a keyboard device to which the membrane switch 100 is attached. Therefore, an insulating layer for stiffening is not formed on the lower electrode sheet 20.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper base material 11, and the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 are integrated, so that the upper side The base material 11 is stiffened by the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the rigidity of the integrated body of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 is set so that the restoring force from the elastic deformation state of the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 exceeds the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 50. ing. Therefore, after the pressing operation of the membrane switch 100 is performed, the upper base material 11 and the upper insulating layer 30 are restored from the elastically deformed state, that is, the recessed state.
  • the upper base material 11 is adhered in a state following the shape of the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50, that is, the upper base material 11 is maintained in a recessed state. This can prevent the on-state from being maintained.
  • the membrane switch 100 of this embodiment only the upper electrode sheet 10 to which a pressing force is applied is stiffened by the upper insulating layer 30, and the lower electrode sheet 20 is firmly fixed to a device such as a keyboard device. .
  • the membrane switch 100 can be reduced in thickness.
  • the thicknesses of the upper insulating layer 30 and the adhesive layer 50 are set so that the sum thereof is smaller than the thickness of the upper substrate 11 or the lower substrate 21. Thereby, while being able to make the membrane switch 100 thin, the dent which arises in the contact part of the upper side electrode sheet 10 or the lower side electrode sheet 20 can be suppressed.
  • the “membrane switch 100” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “switch” in the present invention
  • the “upper insulating layer 30” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “first spacer” in the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the membrane switch 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing the membrane switch 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • the membrane switch 100 of FIG. 11 is shown upside down.
  • the membrane switch 100 includes a plurality of electrode pairs 2 each composed of an upper electrode 12 and a lower electrode 22.
  • the membrane switch 100 includes a plurality of upper lead wires 13 provided on the upper base material 11 of the upper electrode sheet 10 and a plurality of lead wires 23 provided on the lower base material 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20.
  • the upper tail portion 14 provided on one side of the upper base material 11 and the lower tail portion 24 provided on one side of the lower base material 21 are provided.
  • the lower lead wire 23 is connected so as to connect a plurality of lower electrodes 22 arranged in a row and extend to the tip of the lower tail portion 24.
  • the plurality of lead wires 23 are wired so as not to cross each other. Therefore, the lead wiring 23 does not include a jumper portion.
  • the upper lead wiring 13 connects a plurality of upper electrodes 12 arranged in a row, and extends to the tip of the upper tail portion 14.
  • the plurality of lead wires 13 are wired so that the two lead wires 13 and the remaining one lead wire 13 intersect each other. Therefore, jumper portions 15 are provided at two intersections where the two lead wires 13 and the remaining one lead wire 13 intersect each other.
  • the detailed configuration of the jumper unit 15 will be described later. “Remaining one lead wiring 13” corresponds to an example of “first lead wiring” in the present invention, and “two lead wirings 13” corresponds to an example of “second lead wiring” in the present invention. To do.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed directly and integrally with the upper base material 11 and is formed so as to cover the upper lead wiring 13.
  • the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper base material 11 is covered with the upper insulating layer 30 except for the position facing the first opening 31.
  • the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper tail portion 14 may be covered with the upper insulating layer 30, or may be covered with another insulating layer formed on the upper tail portion 14 separately from the upper insulating layer 30. . Further, it is not essential that the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper base material 11 is covered with the upper insulating layer 30 over the entire area of the upper base material 11, and a part of the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper base material 11 is You may coat
  • the lower base material 21 is not formed with an insulating layer covering the lead wiring 23.
  • the lead-out wiring 23 formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 is covered with the adhesive layer 50 and the upper insulating layer 30 except for the position facing the second opening 41 and the third opening 51. Yes.
  • the lead wiring 23 on the lower tail portion 24 is covered with an insulating material formed on the lower tail portion 24.
  • FIG. 13 is an XIII-XIII sectional view of the partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • one lead-out wiring 13 includes a straight portion 131 that extends along one side of the upper base member 11, and the remaining two lead-out wires 13 are straight portions that intersect the straight portion 131.
  • 132 On the upper base material 11, the straight portion 132 is divided into a first straight portion 1321 and a second straight portion 1322 so as not to intersect with the straight portion 131. The end of the first straight part 1321 and the end of the second straight part 1322 are connected by the jumper part 15.
  • the upper insulating layer 30 includes jumper openings 33 formed at positions facing the end of the first straight portion 1321 and positions facing the end of the second straight portion 1322, respectively. A portion of the first straight portion 1321 and the second straight portion 1322 overlaps the jumper opening 33 and is exposed from the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the jumper portion 15 is formed so as to straddle the straight portion 131 on the upper base material 11, and includes a pair of jumper connection portions 15A and a jumper wiring portion 15B that connects the pair of jumper connection portions 15A.
  • Each jumper connection portion 15 ⁇ / b> A is filled in the jumper opening 33 and connected to the end portion of the first straight portion 1321 or the end portion of the second straight portion 1322.
  • the jumper wiring portion 15B is formed on the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the “jumper portion 15” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper portion” in the present invention
  • the “jumper connection portion 15A” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper connection portion” in the present invention
  • the “jumper wiring portion 15B” in the embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper wiring portion” in the present invention
  • the “jumper opening 33” in the present embodiment corresponds to an example of the “jumper opening” in the present invention.
  • the space defined by the jumper portion 15 and the upper surface of the upper base material 11 is filled with an insulating material constituting the upper insulating layer 30.
  • the inner peripheral side of the jumper part 15 is covered with the upper insulating layer 30.
  • a jumper portion insulating layer 80 is formed on the upper insulating layer 30 so as to cover the jumper wiring portion 15B.
  • This jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed only at the position where the jumper part 15 is provided.
  • the jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed by applying and curing a resist material such as epoxy resin, urethane resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin on the upper insulating layer 30 so as to cover the jumper part 15. .
  • the adhesive layer 50 is also present at the position where the jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed and overlaps the jumper part insulating layer 80, but corresponds to the position where the jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed.
  • the adhesive layer 50 and the jumper part insulating layer 80 may be configured not to overlap each other.
  • the “jumper insulating layer 80” in the present embodiment corresponds to the “jumper insulating layer” in the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a process diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of the membrane switch 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • the manufacturing method of the membrane switch 100 according to this embodiment includes an electrode and wiring formation step (S110), an upper insulating layer formation step (S120), a jumper portion formation step (S140), a jumper A partial insulating layer forming step (S150) and a bonding step (S160).
  • the upper electrode 12 and the upper lead wiring 13 are formed on the upper substrate 11. Further, the lower electrode 22 and the lower lead wiring 23 are formed on the lower base material 21.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed and cured on the lower surface 111 of the upper base 11 and the lower surface of the upper tail portion 14.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 and the upper surface of the lower tail portion 24 and cured.
  • the first straight portion 1321 and the second straight portion 1322 are not formed so as not to intersect the straight portion 131 without forming the jumper portion 15. It forms in the state divided
  • the upper insulating layer 30 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper base material 11.
  • a resist material constituting the upper insulating layer 30 is printed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 by a printing method such as a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, or an ink jet printing method.
  • a layer of a resist material having the first opening 31 and the jumper opening 33 is formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11.
  • the layer of the resist material formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 is cured.
  • a UV curable resin is used as a resist material, and a UV curing process is performed as a curing process.
  • This UV curing process is easier to control the film thickness of the layer to be cured than the thermosetting process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the accuracy of the film thickness of the upper insulating layer 30 can be increased as compared with the case where the thermosetting resin is used as the resist material and the thermosetting treatment is performed to cure the resist material.
  • the jumper part 15 is formed on the upper electrode sheet 10.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed on the upper insulating layer 30 so as to be filled in the jumper opening 33 and cured.
  • the jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed at the position where the jumper part 15 on the upper insulating layer 30 is formed.
  • a resist material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin is applied on the upper insulating layer 30 and the jumper portion 15 and cured.
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive material constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is subjected to upper insulation using a known method such as gravure coating, roll coating, screen printing, gravure offset printing, or ink jet printing. It is applied on the layer 30 or on the lower substrate 21. At this time, a layer of the adhesive material having the third opening 51 is formed on the upper insulating layer 30 or the lower substrate 21. Thereafter, the adhesive layer 50 is formed by curing the adhesive material applied on the upper insulating layer 30 or the lower substrate 21 by drying or the like. Next, the lower surface of the upper insulating layer 30 and the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21 are bonded together by lamination.
  • a known method such as gravure coating, roll coating, screen printing, gravure offset printing, or ink jet printing. It is applied on the layer 30 or on the lower substrate 21.
  • a layer of the adhesive material having the third opening 51 is formed on the upper insulating layer 30 or the lower substrate 21.
  • the adhesive layer 50 is formed by curing the adhesive material applied on the
  • the adhesive material is cured before the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower base material 21 are bonded together.
  • the adhesive material is bonded before the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower base material 21 are bonded together.
  • the adhesive material may be cured only after the upper insulating layer 30 and the lower base material 21 are bonded together without curing.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a membrane switch 200 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the first and second embodiments, and the descriptions in the first and second embodiments are cited.
  • the membrane switch 200 of this embodiment includes an upper electrode sheet 10, a lower electrode sheet 20, an adhesive layer 50, and a rubber dome 60.
  • the lower electrode sheet 20 includes a lower base material 21, a lower electrode 22, and a lower insulating layer 40.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 of the lower electrode sheet 20, and the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 and the lower insulating layer 40 of the upper electrode sheet 10.
  • the upper surface of the adhesive layer is adhered to the adhesive layer 50.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed around the lower electrode 22 on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21, and the lower substrate 22 is formed around the lower electrode 22. Since the lower insulating layer 40 and the lower insulating layer 40 are integrated, the lower base material 21 is stiffened by the lower insulating layer 40. Thereby, even when the lower base material 21 is not firmly fixed to a device such as a keyboard device on which the membrane switch 200 is mounted, the pressing force is applied to the upper base material 11 through the rubber dome 60. At this time, the portion where the lower base 21 and the lower insulating layer 40 are integrated is difficult to bend.
  • the edge 32 of the upper insulating layer 30 and the edge 53 of the adhesive layer 50 come into contact with each other by applying an excessive pressing force to the upper substrate 11 via the rubber dome 60, the upper substrate 11 and The upper insulating layer 30 can be easily restored from the elastically deformed state, that is, the recessed state. Therefore, after the pressing operation of the membrane switch 200 is performed, the state in which the upper base material 11 is adhered in a state following the shape of the edge portion 53 of the adhesive layer 50, that is, the state in which the upper electrode sheet 10 is recessed is maintained. This can prevent the on-state from being maintained.
  • the thickness of the lower insulating layer 40 and the adhesive layer 50 is set so that the total is smaller than the thickness of the upper substrate 11 or the lower substrate 21.
  • FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the membrane switch 200 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view showing the membrane switch 200 according to the present embodiment.
  • the upper lead-out wiring 13 is connected so as to connect a plurality of upper electrodes 12 arranged in a row and extend to the tip of the upper tail portion 14.
  • the plurality of lead wires 13 are wired so as not to cross each other. Therefore, the lead-out wiring 13 does not include a jumper portion.
  • the lower lead wiring 23 connects a plurality of lower electrodes 22 arranged in a row and extends to the tip of the lower tail portion 24.
  • the plurality of lead wires 23 are wired so that the two lead wires 23 and the remaining one lead wire 23 cross each other.
  • jumper portions 25 are provided at two intersections where the two lead wires 23 and the remaining one lead wire 23 cross each other.
  • the detailed configuration of the jumper unit 25 will be described later.
  • the “remaining one lead-out wiring 23” corresponds to an example of the “first lead-out wiring” in the present invention
  • the “two lead-out wirings 23” corresponds to an example of the “second lead-out wiring” in the present invention. To do.
  • the upper lead wiring 13 is formed by printing and curing a conductive paste such as silver paste, copper paste, or carbon paste on the lower surface 111 of the upper base 11 and the lower surface of the upper tail portion 14.
  • the lower lead-out wiring 23 is printed and cured with a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste on the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21 and the upper surface of the lower tail portion 24. It is formed by.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed directly and integrally with the lower base material 21 and is formed so as to cover the lower lead wiring 23.
  • the lead-out wiring 23 on the lower base material 21 is covered with the lower insulating layer 40 except for the position facing the second opening 41.
  • the lead-out wiring 23 on the lower tail portion 24 may be covered with the lower insulating layer 40, or covered with another insulating layer formed on the lower tail portion 24 separately from the lower insulating layer 40. May be. Further, it is not essential that the lead-out wiring 23 on the lower base 21 is covered with the lower insulating layer 40 over the entire area of the lower base 21. Some may be coated with other insulating materials.
  • the upper base material 11 is not formed with an insulating layer covering the lead wiring 13.
  • the lead-out wiring 13 formed on the lower surface 111 of the upper substrate 11 is covered with the adhesive layer 50 and the lower insulating layer 40 except for the position facing the first opening 31 and the third opening 51. Yes.
  • the lead-out wiring 13 on the upper tail portion 14 is covered with an insulating material formed on the upper tail portion 14.
  • one lead wire 23 includes a straight portion 231 extending along one side of the lower base material 21, and the remaining two lead wires 23 are straight lines intersecting the straight portion 231.
  • Part 232 On the lower base material 21, the straight portion 232 is divided into a first straight portion 2321 and a second straight portion 2322 so as not to intersect with the straight portion 231. The end of the first straight part 2321 and the end of the second straight part 2322 are connected by a jumper part 25.
  • the lower insulating layer 40 includes jumper openings 43 formed at positions facing the end of the first straight portion 2321 and positions facing the end of the second straight portion 2322, respectively. A part of the first straight line portion 2321 and the second straight line portion 2322 is exposed from the lower insulating layer 40 by overlapping with the jumper opening 43.
  • the jumper portion 25 is formed so as to straddle the straight portion 231 on the lower base material 21, and includes a pair of jumper connection portions 25A and a jumper wiring portion 25B that connects the pair of jumper connection portions 25A. .
  • Each jumper connection portion 25 ⁇ / b> A is filled in the jumper opening 43 and is connected to the end portion of the first straight portion 2321 or the end portion of the second straight portion 2322. Further, the jumper wiring portion 25B is formed on the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the space defined by the jumper portion 25 and the upper surface of the lower base 21 is filled with an insulating material constituting the lower insulating layer 40.
  • the inner peripheral side of the jumper part 25 is covered with the lower insulating layer 40.
  • a jumper insulating layer 80 is formed on the lower insulating layer 40 so as to cover the jumper wiring portion 25B.
  • This jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed only at the position where the jumper part 25 is provided.
  • the jumper insulating layer 80 is formed by applying a resist material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin on the lower insulating layer 40 and curing it.
  • a resist material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin on the lower insulating layer 40 and curing it.
  • an opening is formed in the adhesive layer 50 corresponding to the position where the jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed, and the adhesive layer 50 and the jumper part insulating layer 80 are configured not to overlap each other.
  • the upper base material 11 is configured to be flat.
  • FIG. 19 is a process diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of the membrane switch 200 according to the present embodiment.
  • the manufacturing method of the membrane switch 200 according to this embodiment includes an electrode and wiring forming step (S210), a lower insulating layer forming step (S230), a jumper portion forming step (S240), A jumper insulating layer forming step (S250) and a bonding step (S260) are provided.
  • the upper electrode 12 and the upper lead wiring 13 are formed on the upper base material 11. Further, the lower electrode 22 and the lower lead wiring 23 are formed on the lower base material 21.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed and cured on the lower surface 111 of the upper base 11 and the lower surface of the upper tail portion 14.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 and the upper surface of the lower tail portion 24 and cured.
  • the first straight portion 2321 and the second straight portion 2322 are formed so that the straight portion 232 does not intersect the straight portion 231 without forming the jumper portion 25. It forms in the state divided
  • the lower insulating layer 40 is formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower base material 21.
  • a resist material constituting the lower insulating layer 40 is printed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 by a printing method such as a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, or an ink jet printing method.
  • a layer of a resist material having the second opening 41 and the jumper opening 43 is formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21.
  • the resist material layer formed on the upper surface 211 of the lower substrate 21 is cured.
  • a UV curable resin is used as a resist material, and a UV curing process is performed as a curing process.
  • This UV curing process is easier to control the film thickness of the layer to be cured than the thermosetting process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the accuracy of the film thickness of the upper insulating layer 30 can be increased as compared with the case where the thermosetting resin is used as the resist material and the thermosetting treatment is performed to cure the resist material.
  • the jumper part 25 is formed on the lower electrode sheet 20.
  • a conductive paste such as a silver paste, a copper paste, or a carbon paste is printed on the lower insulating layer 40 so as to be filled in the jumper opening 43 and cured.
  • the jumper part insulating layer 80 is formed at the position where the jumper part 25 on the lower insulating layer 40 is formed.
  • a resist material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyester resin, or an acrylic resin is applied on the lower insulating layer 40 and the jumper portion 25 and cured.
  • the adhesive material constituting the adhesive layer 50 is formed by using a known method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, an ink jet printing method, etc. It is applied on the insulating layer 40 or the upper substrate 11. At this time, a layer of the adhesive material having the third opening 51 is formed on the lower insulating layer 40 or the upper substrate 11. Thereafter, the adhesive layer 50 is formed by curing the adhesive material applied on the lower insulating layer 40 or the upper substrate 11 by drying or the like. Next, the upper surface of the lower insulating layer 40 and the lower surface 111 of the upper base material 11 are bonded together by lamination.
  • a known method such as a gravure coating method, a roll coating method, a screen printing method, a gravure offset printing method, an ink jet printing method, etc. It is applied on the insulating layer 40 or the upper substrate 11. At this time, a layer of the adhesive material having the third opening 51 is formed on the lower insulating layer 40
  • the adhesive material is cured before the lower insulating layer 40 and the upper base material 11 are bonded together.
  • the adhesive material is used before the lower insulating layer 40 and the upper base material 11 are bonded.
  • the adhesive material may be cured only after the lower insulating layer 40 and the upper base material 11 are bonded together without curing.
  • the adhesive layer 50 having the third opening 51 and having the adhesive spread in a planar shape is formed.
  • the plurality of dot-like adhesives include the first and second openings 31. , 41 may be formed around the adhesive layer.
  • the upper electrode electrode 12 and the lower electrode 22 are brought into contact with each other by the pressing force applied to the upper electrode sheet 10, but are added to the lower electrode 20.
  • the upper electrode 12 and the lower electrode 22 may be configured to come into contact with each other by pressing force, or the upper electrode 12 and the lower electrode may be connected to each other by pressing force applied to the upper electrode 10 and the lower electrode 20. You may comprise so that the electrode 22 may contact and be conducted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
PCT/JP2016/088069 2015-12-21 2016-12-21 スイッチ、及びその製造方法 WO2017110857A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017558180A JP6714615B2 (ja) 2015-12-21 2016-12-21 スイッチ、及びその製造方法
US16/062,230 US20200273637A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2016-12-21 Switch and method for manufacturing same
CN201680059118.9A CN108140505B (zh) 2015-12-21 2016-12-21 开关及其制造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015-248390 2015-12-21
JP2015248390 2015-12-21

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US (1) US20200273637A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6714615B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN108140505B (zh)
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WO (1) WO2017110857A1 (zh)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59186215A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-23 松下電器産業株式会社 キ−ボ−ドスイツチ
JPS6258528A (ja) * 1985-09-05 1987-03-14 キヤノン株式会社 キ−ボ−ドを有する薄型電子機器
JPH04311086A (ja) * 1991-04-08 1992-11-02 Teikoku Tsushin Kogyo Co Ltd フレキシブル基板
JPH0927244A (ja) * 1996-08-01 1997-01-28 Alps Electric Co Ltd 薄膜スイッチおよびその製造方法
JPH10255591A (ja) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-25 Alps Electric Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチ、およびこのメンブレンスイッチを用いた圧力検出装置。
JP2000021258A (ja) * 1998-07-03 2000-01-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチと照光式スイッチ装置
JP2002140954A (ja) * 2000-10-31 2002-05-17 Alps Electric Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチ
JP2005038809A (ja) * 2003-06-23 2005-02-10 Teikoku Tsushin Kogyo Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチ

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2511093Y (zh) * 2001-10-16 2002-09-11 新巨企业股份有限公司 改进型薄膜式电路板的跳线构造
WO2015020151A1 (ja) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 株式会社フジクラ スイッチ

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59186215A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-23 松下電器産業株式会社 キ−ボ−ドスイツチ
JPS6258528A (ja) * 1985-09-05 1987-03-14 キヤノン株式会社 キ−ボ−ドを有する薄型電子機器
JPH04311086A (ja) * 1991-04-08 1992-11-02 Teikoku Tsushin Kogyo Co Ltd フレキシブル基板
JPH0927244A (ja) * 1996-08-01 1997-01-28 Alps Electric Co Ltd 薄膜スイッチおよびその製造方法
JPH10255591A (ja) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-25 Alps Electric Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチ、およびこのメンブレンスイッチを用いた圧力検出装置。
JP2000021258A (ja) * 1998-07-03 2000-01-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチと照光式スイッチ装置
JP2002140954A (ja) * 2000-10-31 2002-05-17 Alps Electric Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチ
JP2005038809A (ja) * 2003-06-23 2005-02-10 Teikoku Tsushin Kogyo Co Ltd メンブレンスイッチ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TWI642076B (zh) 2018-11-21
JP6714615B2 (ja) 2020-06-24
TW201737278A (zh) 2017-10-16
US20200273637A1 (en) 2020-08-27
CN108140505B (zh) 2019-10-18
JPWO2017110857A1 (ja) 2018-07-26
CN108140505A (zh) 2018-06-08

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