WO2015037910A1 - 액체 내 용존 수소가스 농도 측정용 수소센서소자 및 이를 이용한 수소가스 농도 측정방법 - Google Patents
액체 내 용존 수소가스 농도 측정용 수소센서소자 및 이를 이용한 수소가스 농도 측정방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015037910A1 WO2015037910A1 PCT/KR2014/008461 KR2014008461W WO2015037910A1 WO 2015037910 A1 WO2015037910 A1 WO 2015037910A1 KR 2014008461 W KR2014008461 W KR 2014008461W WO 2015037910 A1 WO2015037910 A1 WO 2015037910A1
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- hydrogen
- pumping
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 154
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 112
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910001233 yttria-stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2835—Specific substances contained in the oils or fuels
- G01N33/2841—Gas in oils, e.g. hydrogen in insulating oils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/404—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors
- G01N27/4045—Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors for gases other than oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4073—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
- G01N27/4074—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte for detection of gases other than oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/411—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing of liquid metals
- G01N27/4112—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte
- G01N27/4114—Composition or fabrication of the solid electrolyte for detection of gases other than oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/005—H2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen sensor element capable of measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a liquid and a method of measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a liquid using the same.
- the characteristic or change in the characteristics of the liquid is carried out by measuring the concentration of dissolved gas dissolved in the liquid.
- concentration of hydrogen gas increases as the deterioration progresses. Therefore, by measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas in the oil, it is possible to detect whether the oil is deteriorated. .
- transformers it is reported that there is a risk of explosion when more than 1000 ppm of dissolved hydrogen is generated.
- an optical method To measure the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas dissolved in the liquid, an optical method, a viscosity measuring method, an electrochemical method, a gas chromatograph method, or a gas separation method may be used. Since it is not a method that can be measured, it is not necessary to determine whether or not deterioration in real time in the field, for example, it is not a suitable method for applying to the determination of degradation of oil.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen sensor element capable of simply measuring the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in a liquid in real time without expensive and complicated equipment.
- another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen sensor element that prevents the hydrogen sensor, in particular, the sensing electrode of the hydrogen sensor is exposed to the liquid does not deteriorate.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen sensor element capable of minimizing the influence of the accuracy of the measurement by the presence of gases other than hydrogen in measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas.
- another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen sensor element and a hydrogen gas concentration measuring method which can ensure the accuracy and reproducibility of the measurement and allow the user to know the measurement result even at a distance.
- Hydrogen sensor element for achieving the above object, as a hydrogen sensor element for measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid, a sensor unit for measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas, coupled to the sensor unit and at least A housing including a housing body having an opening formed in a portion thereof, and a gas separation membrane configured to seal the gas and liquid in the opening portion, wherein the housing body and the gas separation membrane are separated from the liquid and external air in the housing. A sealed space is formed, and the gas separation membrane transmits dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid into the sealed space.
- it may further include a pumping unit coupled to the housing.
- the sensor unit may be a heterojunction of an oxygen ion conductor and a hydrogen ion conductor, a sensing electrode formed on the surface of the hydrogen ion conductor, a reference electrode formed on the surface of the oxygen ion conductor, and an electromotive force between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode.
- an electromotive force measuring unit for measuring wherein the sensing electrode is exposed to the enclosed space, and the reference electrode is in communication with external air or is covered with a reference material which fixes the oxygen partial pressure on the reference electrode side. As the gas concentration changes, the electromotive force may change.
- the sensor unit may include a hydrogen ion conductor, a sensing electrode and a reference electrode formed on a surface of the hydrogen ion conductor, and an electromotive force measuring unit configured to measure an electromotive force between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode, wherein the sensing electrode is the enclosed space.
- the reference electrode is covered with a reference material for fixing the hydrogen partial pressure on the reference electrode side, and the electromotive force may change as the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration changes.
- the gas separation membrane may be a metal membrane, and the metal membrane may include palladium (Pd), and a thickness thereof may be 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the hydrogen sensor device may further include a fixing cap for coupling the gas separation membrane to the housing, the sealed space inside the housing may be filled with a filler.
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the present invention may include a heater for heating the sensor to a sensing temperature.
- the pumping unit for pumping oxygen in the closed space to the outside, the oxygen ion conductor, the oxygen ion conductor and the spacer is spaced apart by a predetermined interval, the spaced interval is provided heater heater substrate, the oxygen ion conductor A voltage applied to a first pumping electrode formed on one surface of the sealed space side, a second pumping electrode formed on one surface of the external air side of the oxygen ion conductor, the first pumping electrode and the second pumping electrode; And a pumping power source, wherein the oxygen in the sealed space side is pumped to the outside air side by applying a voltage or a current between the first pumping electrode and the second pumping electrode by the pumping power source.
- the pumping part may be formed integrally with the sensor part, wherein the sensor part is spaced apart by a predetermined interval by an oxygen ion conductor, the oxygen ion conductor and a spacer, and the spaced interval is provided to communicate with outside air.
- a heater substrate a hydrogen ion conductor bonded to at least a portion of the oxygen ion conductor exposed to the sealed space side, a sensing electrode formed on a surface exposed to the sealed space of the hydrogen ion conductor, the outside air of the oxygen ion conductor
- a reference electrode formed on a side surface
- an electromotive force measuring unit for measuring an electromotive force between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode, and a first pumping formed on the surface of the closed space that is not bonded to the hydrogen ion conductor of the oxygen ion conductor
- the oxygen of the sealed space is pumped to the outside air by applying a voltage or a current
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the invention may be coupled to the opening of the container containing the liquid to measure the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in the liquid contained in the container, wherein the gas separation membrane and the inside of the container through the opening Communicate with each other to allow dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid to permeate into the confined space.
- the hydrogen sensor element may be coupled to the opening with the sealing member inserted between the gas separation membrane and the opening, and between the housing body and the gas separation membrane, and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the sensor unit. At least one of the liquid inflow sensor for detecting the inflow of the liquid may be further provided.
- dissolved hydrogen measuring device for measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid contained in the container, comprising a hydrogen sensor element coupled to the opening provided on one side of the container,
- the hydrogen sensor element includes a sensor unit for measuring hydrogen gas concentration and a housing coupled to the sensor unit, wherein the housing is coupled to the housing body with an opening formed at least in part and gas and liquid sealable to the opening.
- a sealed space separated from the liquid and the outside air is formed inside the gas separation membrane, and the gas separation membrane communicates with the inside of the container through the opening to pass dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid into the sealed space. It is done.
- the hydrogen sensor element may be detachably coupled to the opening.
- the dissolved hydrogen measuring device may further include a control device electrically connected to a sensor unit to control the operation of the sensor unit, the temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the sensor unit or detects the inflow of the liquid.
- the liquid inlet sensor is further provided, and the control device may be configured to receive the sensing result from the temperature sensor or the liquid inlet sensor.
- the opening and closing valve is installed in the opening, the control device may be configured to control the operation of the opening and closing valve.
- the control device may include a measurement unit for receiving a measurement result from the sensor unit, a controller for controlling the operation of the hydrogen sensor element, a display unit for displaying the measured dissolved hydrogen gas concentration, and the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration measurement result in a wired or It may include a transmitting unit for transmitting wirelessly.
- the hydrogen sensor element further comprises a pumping unit for pumping out the oxygen in the sealed space to the outside, the pumping unit is an oxygen ion conductor, the first pumping electrode formed on the side of the sealed space of the oxygen ion conductor And a second pumping electrode formed on the outer side surface of the oxygen ion conductor, and the control unit may be configured to control an operation of the pumping unit.
- the pumping unit may also perform an oxygen sensor function for measuring the partial pressure of oxygen gas in the closed space by measuring an electromotive force between the first pumping electrode and the second pumping electrode, wherein the controller performs the oxygen sensor function. After receiving the oxygen gas partial pressure measurement result in the sealed space from the pumping unit, it may be configured to control the pumping operation of the pumping unit based on the result.
- Method for measuring the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in the liquid using the dissolved hydrogen measuring device the step of measuring the temperature of the sensor unit using the temperature sensor, based on the temperature measurement results And controlling the temperature of the sensor unit to be the measured temperature, and measuring the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the closed space using the sensor unit, and calculating the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration using the result.
- the hydrogen sensor element further comprises a pumping unit for pumping out the oxygen in the sealed space to the outside, the pumping unit is an oxygen ion conductor, the first pumping electrode formed on the side of the sealed space of the oxygen ion conductor And a second pumping electrode formed on the outer side of the oxygen ion conductor, wherein the pumping part measures the electromotive force between the first pumping electrode and the second pumping electrode to reduce the partial pressure of oxygen gas in the sealed space.
- the pumping unit is an oxygen ion conductor
- the first pumping electrode formed on the side of the sealed space of the oxygen ion conductor
- a second pumping electrode formed on the outer side of the oxygen ion conductor
- the pumping unit performing the oxygen sensor function to measure the oxygen gas partial pressure in the sealed space, it is determined whether the measured oxygen gas partial pressure is more than the reference value, and when the determination result is more than the reference value Controlling the pumping operation of the pumping unit to discharge the oxygen gas in the closed space to the outside; If the specified oxygen gas partial pressure is not more than the reference value it may be to perform the step of measuring the hydrogen gas partial pressure.
- the method may further include transmitting the measured and calculated dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in a wired or wireless manner, wherein the hydrogen sensor element is further provided with a liquid inflow sensor for detecting whether the liquid is introduced. Receiving the sensing result from the inflow sensor may be further included if it is determined that the liquid is introduced.
- a hydrogen sensor element is a hydrogen sensor element for measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a liquid, wherein at least a portion of the region is open in the shape of a cylinder, and the liquid does not penetrate the open portion.
- the gas is a sensor unit having a gas permeable membrane is coupled to the permeation, at least a first electrode and a second electrode, the sensor unit is coupled to the housing such that the first electrode is inserted into the housing, the housing through the gas separation membrane It is characterized in that the concentration of hydrogen gas coming into the contact with the first electrode.
- the hydrogen sensor device is a hydrogen sensor device for measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid at least partly inserted into the liquid, the sensing unit having a reference electrode and a sensing electrode on both sides of the solid electrolyte
- a reference gas passage for supplying a reference gas to the reference electrode in isolation from the liquid, a heater unit for heating the sensing unit to a sensing temperature, and an electromotive force measurement for measuring an electromotive force between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode
- the sensing electrode is exposed to the dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid, characterized in that the electromotive force changes as the concentration of the dissolved hydrogen gas changes.
- the reference gas partial pressure fixing reference material for fixing the reference gas partial pressure on the reference electrode side by covering the reference electrode may be provided.
- the solid electrolyte is composed of a heterojunction of an oxygen ion conductor and a hydrogen ion conductor, or a hydrogen ion conductor, and the sensing electrode may be formed on the surface of the hydrogen ion conductor.
- the protective material may be formed of a porous material or glass ceramic through which hydrogen gas can pass.
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the present invention there is an effect that the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in the liquid can be simply measured in real time without expensive equipment.
- a housing for exposing at least the sensing electrode of the hydrogen sensor to the dissolved hydrogen gas while isolating it from the liquid, whereby the hydrogen electrode, in particular the sensing electrode of the hydrogen sensor is degraded by the liquid The effect is to reduce the problem.
- the hydrogen sensor device by providing a pumping unit for discharging the interference gas existing in the housing to the outside, the effect of the other gases, such as oxygen gas in minimizing the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas can be minimized There is.
- the accuracy and reproducibility of the measurement can be ensured, and there is an effect that the user can know the measurement result even at a long distance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen sensor element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensor unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the sensor unit of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (a) is a perspective view from below, and FIG. 3 (b) is a perspective view from above.
- FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the principle of sensing the hydrogen gas concentration sensor unit of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensor unit of another structure that can be used in the hydrogen sensor element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensor unit of another structure that can be used in the hydrogen sensor element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a view illustrating an example of a coupling method of a gas separation membrane.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pumping unit capable of discharging oxygen gas in a closed space to the outside.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen sensor element according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensor unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the results of measuring the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in oil using the hydrogen sensor device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a view schematically showing a state in which the hydrogen sensor element according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed in a container containing a liquid to be measured.
- FIG. 16 is a view illustrating an example of a method of coupling a hydrogen sensor element to a container containing liquid.
- 17 is an exemplary functional block diagram of a control device.
- 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen sensor element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the hydrogen sensor element 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a sensor unit 110 and a housing 130, and optionally further includes a pumping unit 120. It can be configured to include.
- the sensor unit 110 is a configuration corresponding to the hydrogen sensor for measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas surrounding
- the housing 130 is a closed space 140 to isolate one end of the sensor unit 110 from the liquid and the outside air It is a structure for forming.
- the sensor unit 110 Even when the hydrogen sensor element 100 is inserted into the liquid, the sensor unit 110 is separated from the liquid by the housing 130, but the gas separation membrane 132 provided in at least a portion of the hydrogen sensor element 100 is inserted into the liquid of the housing 130. Since the dissolved hydrogen gas is permeated into the closed space 140, the sensor unit 110 may measure the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration without directly contacting the liquid.
- each configuration of the hydrogen sensor device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.
- Sensor unit 110 is a configuration corresponding to a hydrogen sensor for measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas in the closed space 140, if the hydrogen sensor capable of measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas is not particularly limited, but is a solid electrolyte hydrogen sensor desirable.
- the structure of the preferred sensor unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the sensor unit 110 includes the oxygen ion conductor 211 and the other surface of the hydrogen ion conductor 212 and the oxygen ion conductor 211 that are bonded to one surface of the oxygen ion conductor 211. That is, the sensing unit 210 and the sensing unit 210 including the reference electrode 213 formed on the reference gas passage 250 and the sensing electrode 214 formed on the surface of the hydrogen ion conductor 212.
- the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214 are electrically connected to the electromotive force measuring unit 240 through the lead wire 241, the hydrogen gas concentration can be measured according to the principle described later by the electromotive force measurement.
- a stabilized zirconia made by adding various materials to zirconia (ZrO 2 ), for example, a solid electrolyte such as Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), calcium stabilized zirconia (CSZ), magnesium stabilized zirconia (MSZ) or CeO 2 compound, such as Gd 2 O 3 and the like can be used
- the hydrogen ion conductor 212 is a substance in which a number of substances are substituted in place B of the material having a perovskite structure of the ABO 3 form , for example, CaZr 0.9 In 0.1 O 3-x CaZrO 3 series, including, SrZr 0.95 Y 0.05 O 3- x SrZrO 3 based, such as, SrCe 0.95 Yb 0.05 O 3- x SrCeO 3 series, including, BaCe 0.9 Nd 0.1 BaCeO 3 series, such as O 3-x, may be used Ti-based
- the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214 is preferably formed of a precious metal such as platinum (Pt).
- the spacer 220 is formed between the sensing unit 210 and the heater 230 to form the reference gas passage 250 so that the reference electrode 213 communicates with the reference gas, and is formed of alumina. Can be.
- the reference gas is not particularly limited as long as the oxygen partial pressure is maintained substantially constant, but is preferably external air.
- the heater 230 is configured to heat the sensing unit 210 to a sensing temperature, and may have a form in which a heater wire 232 is formed on a heater substrate 231 made of an insulating material such as alumina.
- the heater wire 232 may be a platinum (Pt) line, although not shown may further include a power source for flowing a current to the heater wire 232.
- the heater wire 232 is preferably embedded in the heater substrate 231 to be cut off from the outside.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the sensor unit 110 of FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (a) is a perspective view from below, and FIG. 3 (b) is a perspective view from above.
- the oxygen ion conductor 211 is formed in a rectangular thin plate shape, and a hydrogen ion conductor 212 is joined to an upper surface of one end portion which is located in the sealed space 140 inside the housing 130.
- a sensing electrode 214 is formed on an upper surface thereof, and a reference electrode 213 is formed on a lower surface of the sensing electrode 214 opposite to the hydrogen ion conductor 212 and the sensing electrode 214.
- a pair of sensor terminals 244 and 245 are formed in each of the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214 so that the lead wire 241 extends to the other end thereof to which the electromotive force measuring unit 240 is connected.
- the reference electrode 213 and the lead wire 241 extending from the reference electrode 213 are formed on the lower surface of the oxygen ion conductor 211, but form through holes in the oxygen ion conductor 211 and fill the conductive material.
- the sensor terminal 244 connected to the lead wire 241 extending from the reference electrode 213 may be formed on the upper surface of the oxygen ion conductor 211, and the electromotive force measuring unit ( The connection with 240 can be made easier.
- the oxygen ion conductor 211 is illustrated as one plate member in the drawing, a plurality of thin plate members may be stacked.
- the spacer 220 is formed in a 'c' shape so that the reference gas passage 250 having one side open between the sensing unit 210 and the heater unit 230 is formed. Since the reference gas passage 250 is a portion communicating with external air even when the hydrogen sensor element 100 is inserted into the liquid as shown in FIG. 1, the reference electrode 213 is isolated from the hydrogen gas in the sealed space 140. In a state in which the reference gas passage 250 is in contact with the reference gas, that is, outside air.
- the heater unit 230 may include the heater upper substrate 231-1, the heater wire 232 formed on the lower surface of the heater upper substrate 231-1, and the heater upper substrate 231 so that the heater wire 232 is not exposed to the outside.
- the heater wire 232 may be formed on the upper surface of the heater lower substrate 231-2 instead of the lower surface of the heater upper substrate 231-1.
- the heater wire 232 may be formed by printing platinum Pt on a heater upper substrate 231-1 or a heater lower substrate 231-2 in a predetermined pattern. In the well-known because it is detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- a pair of heaters connected to the heater wires 232 by forming a through hole in the heater lower substrate 231-2 and filling a conductive material for easy connection of a power supply for supplying current to the heater wires 232.
- the terminals 234 and 235 are formed on the lower surface of the heater lower substrate 231-2.
- the sensor unit 110 illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 has a rectangular cylindrical shape when the sensing unit 210, the spacer 220, and the heater unit 230 are integrally combined with each other. It can manufacture.
- the sensing unit 210, the spacer 220, and the heater unit 230 have been described in separate configurations, but the packaging body shape in which the respective components are integrally combined using a manufacturing technique such as ceramic extrusion.
- the sensor unit 110 may be manufactured.
- the spacer 220 and the heater unit 230 are also formed of an oxygen ion conductive material such as YSZ, the heater wire 232 is embedded in the heater unit 230.
- the substrate be embedded after the surface insulating film treatment so as to be insulated from the oxygen ion conductor.
- a separate heater unit may be installed to be inserted into the reference gas passage 250 or installed close to the outer surface of the sensor unit 110.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion in which the sensing electrode 214 and the reference electrode 213 of the sensing unit 210 are formed among the sensor unit 110 of FIGS. 2 and 3, and the oxygen ion conductor 211 as shown in FIG. )
- a hydrogen ion conductor 212 is a structure of a solid electrochemical cell (Solid Electro-chemical cell) is heterojunction.
- the electromotive force E measured between the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214 is the oxygen partial pressure P O2 of the reference electrode 213 and hydrogen of the sensing electrode 214.
- the partial pressure (P H2 ) and the following relationship are established.
- the oxygen partial pressure (P O2 ) of the reference electrode 213 side Is fixed at 0.21 atmospheres, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air. Therefore, by measuring the electromotive force E in Equation (1), it is possible to calculate the hydrogen partial pressure (P H2 ) on the sensing electrode 214 side.
- the partial pressure of hydrogen P H2 on the side of the sensing electrode 214 is the partial pressure of hydrogen gas present in the closed space 140 through the gas separation membrane 132, and the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the closed space 140 in the thermodynamic equilibrium state. Since the dissolved hydrogen gas concentrations in the liquid and the liquid are in proportional relationship with each other, when the proportional expression or data is experimentally derived and databased in advance, the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in the liquid is measured by measuring the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the closed space 140. Can be calculated. In addition, the proportional relation between the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the confined space 140 and the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid may be theoretically derived.
- the amount of hydrogen dissolved in the liquid is proportional to the square root of the vaporized hydrogen partial pressure. Therefore, it is also possible to calculate the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in the liquid from the hydrogen gas concentration measured by the hydrogen sensor element 100 using this law.
- the temperature of the sensing unit 210 is preferably about 500 ° C. or more when measuring the hydrogen gas concentration, an electromotive force measuring unit is applied to the heater wire 232 so that the sensing unit 110 is heated to a corresponding temperature. It is preferable to measure the electromotive force between the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214 at 240.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another structure of the sensor unit that can be used in the hydrogen sensor element 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- descriptions common to those described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 will be omitted, but it should be understood that the contents may be equally applied to the sensor unit of FIG. 5 and the hydrogen sensor element 100 including the same.
- the sensor unit 510 of another structure that can be used in the first embodiment of the present invention exposes the reference electrode 213 to the reference gas passage so that the reference electrode 213 is in direct contact with the outside air. Is different from the sensor unit 110 of FIGS. 2 and 3 in that the structure is covered with the oxygen partial pressure fixing reference material 261 and the sealing cover 270 is sealed thereon.
- the reference material for fixing the oxygen partial pressure 261 As the reference material for fixing the oxygen partial pressure 261, a mixture of metal and metal oxide such as Cu / CuO, Ni / NiO, Ti / TiO 2 , Fe / FeO, Cr / Cr 2 O 3 , Mo / MoO, or Cu 2 O / Mixtures of metal oxides with different oxidation levels, such as CuO and FeO / Fe 2 O 3 , may be used.
- oxygen at the reference electrode 213 side may be used.
- the partial pressure can be thermodynamically fixed.
- the partial pressure of oxygen on the side of the reference electrode 213 is determined by the oxygen partial pressure fixing reference material 261 instead of the external air, and the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode are similar to those described with reference to FIG. 4.
- the electromotive force between (214) can be measured to determine the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in the oil by equation (1).
- the sealing cover 270 is configured to prevent external air from affecting the reference electrode 213 through the oxygen partial pressure fixing reference material 261, and is formed of a dense ceramic material or the like that can prevent the penetration of air. can do.
- the sealing cover 270 may be omitted if the influence of the outside air is insignificant.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another structure of a sensor unit that can be used in the hydrogen sensor element 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- descriptions common to those described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 will be omitted, but it should be understood that the contents may be equally applied to the sensor unit of FIG. 6 and the hydrogen sensor element 100 including the same.
- the sensor unit 610 of another structure which can be used in the first embodiment of the present invention is formed of only a hydrogen ion conductor instead of a sensing unit formed by heterojunction of an oxygen ion conductor and a hydrogen ion conductor. That is, the sensing electrode 214 is formed on one side of the hydrogen ion conductor 212 and the reference electrode 213 is formed on the other side, and the reference electrode 213 is covered with the reference material 262 for fixing the hydrogen partial pressure, and the upper side thereof.
- the sealing cover 270 is a structure.
- a mixed phase of metal and metal hydrate such as Ti / TiH 2 , Zr / ZrH 2 , Ca / CaH 2 , and Nd / NdH 2 may be used.
- Hydrogen partial pressure (P 2 H 2 ) can be thermodynamically fixed.
- the sensing electrode 214 Since the sensing electrode 214 is in contact with the hydrogen gas in the sealed space 140 formed by the housing 130, it is well known if the electromotive force E between the sensing electrode 214 and the reference electrode 213 is measured.
- the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the enclosed space 140 can be measured by the Nernst equation, and the partial pressure of dissolved hydrogen gas P 1 H 2 in the liquid can be calculated therefrom.
- R is by the gas constant
- F Faraday's constant
- T is a constant both as measured temperature
- the reference electrode 213 side hydrogen partial pressure (P 2 H2) is also a reference substance (262) for fixing the hydrogen partial pressure Since the value is determined, it is possible to determine the dissolved hydrogen gas partial pressure (P 1 H 2 ) in the liquid from the measured electromotive force (E) value.
- the reference electrode 213 is isolated from the hydrogen gas in the sealed space 140 by the sensing unit 210, the spacer 220, and the heater 230.
- the sensor portion of this structure is not necessarily used, and various sensor portion structures may be used. .
- it may be provided with a separate handle portion connected to the oxygen ion conductor or the hydrogen ion conductor in a gas sealable manner, these modifications will be briefly described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 7 is a modified example of the sensor unit 110 of FIG. 2, wherein the oxygen ion conductor 211 and the hydrogen ion conductor 212 are formed in a circular or polygonal pellet form, and are bonded to each other.
- the electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214 are formed.
- a separate handle part 280 is provided and coupled to the oxygen ion conductor 211 to be gas-sealed.
- the handle part 280 may have a hollow tube shape in communication with external air.
- the heater unit is not illustrated in FIG. 7, the heater unit may be installed at an appropriate position adjacent to the oxygen ion conductor or the hydrogen ion conductor such as the reference gas passage 250.
- FIG. 8 is a modified example of the sensor unit 510 of FIG. 5.
- the reference electrode 213 is exposed to the reference gas passage so that the reference electrode is directly contacted with external air.
- 213 is covered with an oxygen partial pressure fixing reference material 261 and a structure is sealed thereon with a sealing cover 270. Covering the reference electrode 213 with the oxygen partial pressure fixing reference material 261 can thermodynamically fix the oxygen partial pressure on the reference electrode 213 side, and thus, between the reference electrode 213 and the sensing electrode 214.
- the heater unit is not illustrated in FIG. 8, the heater unit may be installed at a suitable position adjacent to the oxygen ion conductor or the hydrogen ion conductor, such as the handle unit 280.
- FIG. 9 is a modified example of the sensor unit 610 of FIG. 6, in which a reference electrode 213 and a sensing electrode 214 are formed on both surfaces of a hydrogen ion conductor 212 in the form of a circular or polygonal pellet.
- the reference electrode 213 is covered with a hydrogen partial pressure fixing reference material 262 and sealed thereon with a sealing cover 270, where a separate handle part 280 seals the gas to the hydrogen ion conductor 212. Possibly combined.
- the hydrogen sensor element having such a configuration, since the hydrogen partial pressure on the reference electrode 213 side is fixed by the hydrogen partial pressure fixing reference material 262, the sealed space by the equation (2) similarly to the sensor part 610 of FIG.
- the hydrogen gas concentration in 140 can be measured.
- the heater unit is not illustrated in FIG. 9, the heater unit may be installed at a suitable position adjacent to the hydrogen ion conductor such as inside the handle unit 280.
- the housing 130 is configured to form a sealed space 140 that isolates one end of the sensor unit 110 from liquid and external air.
- the housing 130 has an empty interior and at least a portion of both ends thereof is opened.
- a gas separation membrane 132 coupled to one end of the housing body 131 in the direction in which the liquid is inserted into the liquid to prevent the liquid from penetrating into the sealed space 140 and to selectively permeate the dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid. It is configured by.
- the housing body 131 is not particularly limited as long as the material does not pass through the liquid and gas, and may be, for example, a glass material. Although glass is a material through which hydrogen gas can penetrate through diffusion, gas is penetrated into the enclosed space 140 through the housing body 131 because the housing body is very thick as compared with the gas separation membrane 132. .
- the gas separation membrane 132 is coupled to an open area of one end of the housing body 131 to transmit dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid into the sealed space 140.
- the material does not pass through the liquid and the dissolved gas molecules may pass therethrough.
- polymer materials such as PTFE (Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene) membranes or polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes, porous ceramic materials, or metal foils may be used.
- the gas separation membrane 132 has a large diffusion coefficient of hydrogen and a thin thickness. It is preferably made of a material that can be made in the form of a foil.
- the diffusion distance x of hydrogen through the gas separation membrane 132 is expressed by the following equation (3).
- D is the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the gas separation membrane 132
- t is the diffusion time. That is, according to equation (3), the larger the diffusion coefficient (D), the longer the diffusion time (t), the longer the distance (x) at which the hydrogen gas is diffused, and the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the sealed space 140 becomes liquid.
- a metal foil is more preferable as the gas separation membrane 132 of the present invention than a material such as glass or plastic, which is difficult to make the thickness thin.
- the hydrogen diffusion coefficient is large at a level of 10 ⁇ 6 cm / s 2 , and may be manufactured in the form of a thin foil of 100 ⁇ m or less, and thus, the hydrogen sensor element 100 according to the present invention. It is suitable as the gas separation membrane 132 to be applied to.
- the gas separation membrane 132 is coupled to the bottom surface of the housing body 131, but the coupling position may be changed, for example, may be coupled to the side surface of the housing body 131.
- the gas separation membrane 132 is coupled to the housing body 131 with the gas separation membrane 132 interposed therebetween.
- the method using the fixing cap 135 may be used.
- the openings 136 and 137 are formed at both the housing body 131 and the fixing cap 135 at the portion where the gas separation membrane 132 is fixed, so that dissolved hydrogen gas can be permeated into the sealed space 140.
- the sealing member 134 such as an O-ring is inserted between the housing body 131 and the gas separation membrane 132 and between the fixing cap 135 and the gas separation membrane 132 so that the gas separation membrane 132 is provided only. It can be sealed to allow hydrogen gas to pass through.
- the fixing cap 135 and the packaging body 131 may be screwed to form a screw thread, in addition, various coupling methods may be used.
- the sensor unit 110 of the hydrogen sensor element 100 is such that the reference gas passage 250 communicates with the outside air, or even when the reference materials 261 and 262 are used instead of the reference gas passage 250.
- a part may be drawn out of the housing 130 to be electrically connected to the electromotive force measuring unit 240 or a power source for the heater.
- the sealing member 133 is disposed between the sensor unit 110 and the housing body 131. It is preferred that the entire housing 130 is gas sealed except for the gas separation membrane 132.
- the glass member 133 may be a glass frit.
- the hydrogen sensor element 100 may optionally include a pumping unit 120 capable of discharging the disturbing gas existing in the closed space 140 to the outside.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a preferred structure of the pumping unit 120 that can discharge the oxygen gas in the closed space 140 to the outside.
- the structure of the pumping unit 120 will be described with reference to FIG. 11, but the structure of the pumping unit 120 according to the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the pumping unit 120 includes a pumping cell 310, a spacer 320, and a pumping cell heating unit 330.
- the pumping cell 310 has a structure in which a first pumping electrode 312 and a second pumping electrode 313 are formed at both ends of the oxygen ion conductor 311, and the second pumping electrode 313 is a positive electrode.
- a predetermined voltage or current is applied from the pumping power source 340 between the first and second pumping electrodes 312 and 313, the oxygen gas toward the first pumping electrode 312 moves through the oxygen ion conductor 311 to be formed. 2 is moved toward the pumping electrode 313.
- the pumping cell heating unit 330 is configured for such heating.
- the pumping cell heating unit 330 is spaced apart from the pumping cell 310 by a spacer 320 to form an oxygen discharge space 350 in communication with the outside air, and the pumping cell heating unit 330 and the spacer.
- the same configuration as that of the heating unit 230 and the spacer 220 provided in the sensor unit 110 of FIG. 2 may be used.
- the pumping unit 120 of FIG. 11 has a structure in which the first pumping electrode 312 is located in the sealed space 140 and the second pumping electrode 313 communicates with the outside air through the oxygen discharge space 350. It is coupled to the housing body 131, the coupling portion may be sealed with a sealing member 133.
- the pumping power source 340 When a predetermined voltage or current is applied from the pumping power source 340 between the first and second pumping electrodes 312 and 313 such that the second pumping electrode 313 becomes a positive electrode in the coupled state, The oxygen gas existing in the first pumping electrode 312, that is, in the closed space 140 is discharged to the outside through the oxygen discharge space 350.
- the oxygen partial pressure in the closed space 140 can be predicted by the Nernst equation, for example, fixing 1 V between the first and second pumping electrodes 312 and 313 while the pumping cell 310 is heated to 700 ° C.
- the voltage applied to the oxygen partial pressure in the sealed space 140 is dropped to about 2.15X10 -10 atm. It can be said that the state is virtually free of oxygen at a pressure corresponding to about 2 ppb, so that the hydrogen sensor element 100 according to the present invention having such a pumping unit 120 can provide an accurate hydrogen gas concentration without interference of oxygen gas. You can measure it. In order to accurately measure the hydrogen gas concentration, it is preferable to operate the pumping unit 120 such that the oxygen concentration in the closed space 140 is about several hundred to several thousand ppm.
- the pumping unit 120 may also be used for measuring the oxygen gas concentration in the closed space 140. That is, instead of applying a voltage or a current from the pumping power source 340 between the first and second pumping electrodes 312 and 313 of the oxygen ion conductor 311, the first and second electromotive force measuring units (not shown) are used. When the electromotive force between the two pumping electrodes 312 and 313 is measured, the oxygen gas partial pressure Po 2 in the closed space 140 may be calculated by the following equation (4).
- Equation (4) since R is a gas constant, F is a Faraday constant, and T is a constant as a measurement temperature, the electromotive force E between the first and second pumping electrodes 312 and 313 measured using the electromotive force measuring unit is The partial pressure of oxygen gas in the closed space 140 may be calculated.
- the oxygen gas concentration sensing characteristic of the pumping unit 120 may be used to measure the hydrogen gas concentration using the sensor unit 110 when the oxygen gas partial pressure in the closed space 140 is reduced to a predetermined value or less. The measuring method will be described later with reference to FIG. 18.
- a filler may be filled in the housing 130 of the hydrogen gas sensor 100 according to the present invention.
- the filling is filled in the housing 130 as described above, high heat generated from the heating units 230 and 330 is blocked from being transferred to other components such as the housing body 131 or the gas separation membrane 132, and the sensor unit 110.
- 510, 610, 710, 810, 910 and the temperature of the pumping unit 120 is kept constant, in particular the effective volume in the closed space 140 is reduced effect of the reaction time of the hydrogen sensor element 100 is shortened There is.
- the filler ceramic powder such as alumina or metal powder may be used.
- a hydrogen sensor element 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13.
- the hydrogen sensor device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the sensor unit and the pumping unit are integrally formed.
- the hydrogen sensor device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a sensor unit 400. And a housing 130.
- the sensor unit 400 is a hydrogen sensor function for measuring the concentration of hydrogen gas around, that is, the same function as the sensor unit 110 of the first embodiment, the function to discharge the oxygen gas in the closed space 140 to the outside That is, the configuration of performing the function of the pumping unit 120 of the first embodiment at the same time, as described above may also perform the oxygen sensor function for measuring the oxygen gas concentration in the closed space 140.
- the housing 130 is configured to form a sealed space 140 that isolates one end of the sensor unit 400 from the liquid and the outside air, and the sensor unit 400 is isolated from the liquid by the housing 130.
- dissolved hydrogen gas is permeated into the sealed space 140 through the gas separation membrane 132 provided in at least a portion of the housing 130.
- the sensor unit 400 may measure the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration without directly contacting the liquid.
- Other configurations except for the sensor unit 400 are identical to those of the hydrogen sensor element 100 according to the first embodiment, and thus, a preferred structure of the sensor unit 400 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 13. It explains in detail.
- the sensor unit 400 includes the oxygen ion conductor 411 and the other surface of the hydrogen ion conductor 412 and the oxygen ion conductor 411 bonded to one surface of the oxygen ion conductor 411. That is, the sensing unit 410 and the sensing unit 410 including the reference electrode 413 formed on the reference gas passage 460 and the sensing electrode 414 formed on the surface of the hydrogen ion conductor 412.
- the heater unit 430 for heating the temperature to a predetermined temperature, and the spacer 420 for forming the reference gas passage 460 between the sensing unit 410 and the heater unit 430 by a predetermined interval therebetween; Can be.
- the reference electrode 413 and the sensing electrode 414 are electrically connected to the electromotive force measuring unit 440 through the lead wire 441, so that the hydrogen gas concentration can be measured by electromotive force measurement. Same as described in
- the spacer 420 is inserted between the sensing unit 410 and the heater unit 430 to be formed of alumina as a configuration for forming the reference gas passage 460 so that the reference electrode 413 communicates with the reference gas.
- the reference gas is preferably outside air.
- the heater unit 430 is configured to heat the sensing unit 410 to a sensing temperature.
- the heater unit 430 may have a heater wire 432 formed on a heater substrate 431 made of an insulating material such as alumina. The same as the heater unit 230 of the embodiment.
- the sensor unit 400 is configured to perform the function of the pumping unit for discharging oxygen gas in the closed space 140 to the outside through the reference gas passage 460. That is, the first pumping electrode 415 is formed on one surface (that is, one surface exposed to the closed space) in the direction in which the hydrogen ion conductor 412 of the oxygen ion conductor 411 is formed, and the reference of the oxygen ion conductor 411 is provided.
- the second pumping electrode 416 is formed on the other surface exposed to the gas passage 460, and the first and second pumping electrodes 415 and 416 are connected to the pumping power 450 by the lead wire 451. In this case, the second pumping electrode 416 may not be separately formed, and the reference electrode 413 may be used as the second puncture electrode 416.
- the sensor unit 400 having such a structure is coupled to the housing 130 in a sealed state by the sealing member 133, as shown in FIG. 12, wherein the hydrogen ion conductor 412 and the sensing electrode 414, The first pumping electrode 415 is included in the sealed space 140.
- the pumping power supply is such that the second pumping electrode 416 becomes positive between the first and second pumping electrodes 415 and 416.
- the oxygen gas existing in the closed space 140 is discharged to the outside through the reference gas passage 460.
- the discharge of the oxygen gas is preferably performed until the oxygen concentration in the closed space 140 is about several hundred to several thousand ppm.
- the reference electrode 413 is moved by the electromotive force measuring unit 440.
- the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid is calculated therefrom.
- the hydrogen sensor device 200 according to the second embodiment described above does not need to include a separate pumping unit by providing a pumping electrode and a pumping power to the sensor unit 400, the hydrogen sensor device 100 according to the first embodiment 100. Compared to), the structure is simpler.
- the partial pressure of oxygen gas in the sealed space 140 can be measured by Equation (4).
- the oxygen gas in the sealed space 140 is applied to the outside by applying a voltage or a current between the first and second pumping electrodes 415 and 416 using the pumping power source 450. Can be discharged.
- the hydrogen sensor elements 100 and 200 according to the present invention can be used in a wide range of applications for measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a liquid, and in particular, by measuring the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in oil, it is possible to simply measure the degradation of oil in real time. It can be usefully used.
- 14 is a graph showing the results of measuring the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration in oil using the hydrogen sensor device according to the present invention.
- Figure 14 (a) is a graph of the result of measuring the electromotive force (EMF) value over time while changing the hydrogen gas concentration in the oil
- Figure 14 (b) is a graph showing the electromotive force value as a function of the hydrogen gas concentration.
- the hydrogen sensor elements 100 and 200 according to the present invention may be inserted and used in a liquid each time to measure the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a liquid, but may be installed in a container containing the liquid.
- FIG. 15 is a view schematically showing a state in which the hydrogen sensor element 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed in a container containing a liquid to be measured.
- an opening 520 is formed at one side of the container 510 in which the liquid is accommodated.
- the gas separation membrane 132 is formed in the opening 520. It is installed in the container 510 to be in contact. At this time, since the hydrogen sensor element 200 may need to be detached for the purpose of repair or replacement, the hydrogen sensor element 200 is preferably installed to be detachable to the container 510. In this case, the liquid does not flow out through the opening 520. It is preferable that an opening / closing valve 550 capable of opening and closing the opening 520 is provided in the opening.
- the opening and closing valve 550 may be used after the liquid is in contact with the gas separation membrane 132, and may be used only when the measurement is performed to prevent deterioration of the gas separation membrane 132. 550 may be opened manually or automatically.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of such a coupling method.
- a stepped portion 521 is formed in the opening 520, and an O-ring is formed between the housing body 131 and the gas separation membrane 132 and between the stepped portion 521 and the gas separation membrane 132.
- a sealing material 134 such as may be inserted. Comparing FIG. 16 with FIG. 10, in the coupling structure of FIG. 16, the opening 520 serves as the fixing cap 135 of FIG.
- the opening 520 and the housing body 131 may be screwed to form a screw line.
- the hydrogen sensor element 200 mounting structure as shown in FIG. 15 is particularly useful when the hydrogen sensor element 200 is to be measured periodically or aperiodically in a state in which the hydrogen sensor element 200 is installed in a container containing liquid.
- oils of various mechanical devices for example, transformer oil, etc.
- the measurement can proceed easily without the need to insert the device 200 into the transformer oil.
- the hydrogen sensor device 200 according to the second embodiment is described as an example.
- the hydrogen sensor device 100 according to the first embodiment may be used in the same manner.
- the opening 520 is illustrated as being formed on the side of the container 510, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the opening 520 may be formed on the top or bottom surface of the container 510.
- the gas separation membrane 132 may not directly contact the liquid, but according to Sievert's law, the amount of hydrogen dissolved in the liquid is proportional to the square root of the vaporized hydrogen partial pressure. Therefore, the dissolved hydrogen gas concentration can be calculated according to the same principle by measuring the partial pressure of hydrogen introduced through the gas separation membrane 132.
- the opening and closing valve 550 may be omitted.
- the hydrogen sensor element 200 when the hydrogen sensor element 200 is installed in the container 510, it is preferable to provide a control device 600 for controlling the overall operation of the hydrogen sensor element 200 as shown in FIG. .
- the control device 600 is connected to the sensor unit 400 of the hydrogen sensor element 200 to control the overall operation of the sensor unit 400, and optionally for measuring the temperature near the sensor unit 400.
- a liquid inflow sensor 540 is additionally provided in the hydrogen sensor element 200 to detect whether or not the liquid flows in the vicinity of the temperature sensor 530 and the gas separation membrane 132, and the sensors 530 and 540 are provided with a control device ( 600).
- control device 600 may be connected to the on / off valve 550 installed in the opening 520 of the container 510 to control the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 550.
- the temperature sensor 530 a thermistor, thermocouple, platinum resistance temperature sensor, or the like may be used.
- FIG. 17 is an exemplary functional block of the control device 600.
- the control device 600 may include a measurement unit 610, a control unit 620, a display unit 630, and a transmitter 640.
- the measuring unit 610 is electrically connected to the sensor unit 400, the temperature sensor 530, the liquid inflow sensor 540, and the like, and receives the measurement results of the respective sensors and provides them to the control unit 620.
- the control unit 620 is configured to control the operation of the hydrogen sensor element 200 based on the measurement result of the measuring unit 610, for example, the sensor unit 400 after receiving the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 530.
- the control device 600 receives the sensing result of the liquid inlet sensor 540 through the measuring unit 610, and determines that the liquid has flowed into the closed space 140.
- the controller 620 may operate the hydrogen gas sensors 100 and 200. It is desirable to stop.
- the method for measuring dissolved hydrogen gas concentration according to the present invention includes measuring the temperature of the sensor unit 400 using the temperature sensor 530 (S10), based on the measured temperature value. Controlling the heater unit 430 to be a set measurement temperature (S20), measuring the oxygen gas concentration in the sealed space 140 (S30), and whether the measured oxygen gas concentration is a set value, for example, 1000 ppm or less.
- the determination result in step S40 is more than 1000ppm when the oxygen gas in the closed space 140 by pumping oxygen gas to the outside (S50)
- the determination result in step S40 when the oxygen gas concentration is less than 1000ppm It may include the step of measuring the hydrogen gas concentration (S60) and the step of transmitting the measured hydrogen gas concentration by wire or wirelessly through the transmitter (S70).
- the measurement can be started after reaching the preset measurement conditions, that is, the desired measurement temperature and the oxygen gas concentration in the closed space, it is possible to secure the accuracy and reproducibility of the measurement.
- the preset measurement conditions that is, the desired measurement temperature and the oxygen gas concentration in the closed space
- Dissolved hydrogen gas measuring method can be performed periodically. That is, when the control device 600 is provided with a timer and it is determined that the measurement period has arrived, the steps of FIG. 18 may be programmed to proceed sequentially. In this case, since the measurement result is transmitted to a remote user by wire or wirelessly, for example, whether or not the oil is deteriorated can be managed more systematically.
- the housing coupled to the sensor unit while including the gas separation membrane is described as an essential configuration of the hydrogen sensor element.
- the sensor unit does not have a housing depending on the liquid to be measured or the purpose of the measurement.
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the third embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the housing is omitted from the hydrogen sensor elements of the first and second embodiments.
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the third embodiment since the sensing electrode is inserted into a liquid such as oil and comes into direct contact with the dissolved hydrogen gas in the liquid, it is necessary to wait until the partial pressure of hydrogen in the sealed space inside the housing becomes equilibrium. There is no advantage in that the reaction time is improved.
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention like the third embodiment, omits the housing in the first and second embodiments, and instead, a protective material covering at least the sensing electrode to prevent the sensing electrode from directly contacting the liquid. 710 is provided. 19 illustrates a hydrogen sensor device 700 according to the fourth embodiment in which the sensing electrode 214 of the sensor unit 110 according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 is covered with a protective material 710.
- the protective material 710 is formed to cover the sensing electrode 214 as shown in FIG. 19, the sensing unit 210 heated by the heater unit 230 is prevented from being deprived of heat to the outside to at least the temperature of the sensing unit 230. It is advantageous to keep the constant, and a side effect of preventing the deterioration from being promoted by directly contacting the sensing electrode 214 with the liquid can be expected.
- the protective material 710 is at least hydrogen.
- the gas must pass through, and for this purpose, a porous structure including a plurality of pores, for example, a polymer material having a porous structure, a porous ceramic, a porous graphite or a metal powder, or a glass membrane layer having selective permeability to hydrogen gas Or the like.
- the protection material 710 is a part inserted into the liquid, it should be formed of a material capable of maintaining its shape with sufficient strength, and should not be dissolved or reacted with the liquid to be measured, so an appropriate material should be selected and formed according to the type of liquid. .
- the protective member 710 is formed in the sensor unit 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- this is illustrative and the protective material in the sensor unit 400 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the protective material 710 may be formed to cover the sensing electrode 414 and the first pumping electrode 415 together.
- the hydrogen sensor element according to the present invention can be usefully used to detect the oil deterioration of various mechanical devices such as transformer oil.
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- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (31)
- 액체 내의 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하기 위한 수소센서소자로서,수소가스 농도를 측정하는 센서부;상기 센서부에 결합되고, 적어도 일부에 개방부가 형성되는 하우징 몸체 및 상기 개방부에 기체 및 액체 밀봉 가능하게 결합되는 가스분리막을 포함하는 하우징;을 포함하고,상기 하우징 몸체 및 가스분리막에 의해 상기 하우징 내부에는 상기 액체 및 외부 공기와 격리된 밀폐공간이 형성되며,상기 가스분리막은 상기 액체 내의 용존 수소가스를 상기 밀폐공간 내로 투과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소를 외부로 펌핑하여 제거하기 위한 펌핑부를 더 포함하며,상기 펌핑부는 상기 하우징에 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 펌핑부는 상기 센서부와 일체로 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 센서부는,산소이온전도체와 수소이온전도체의 이종 접합체;상기 수소이온전도체의 표면에 형성되는 감지전극;상기 산소이온전도체의 표면에 형성되는 기준전극;상기 기준전극과 상기 감지전극 사이의 기전력을 측정하는 기전력측정부;를 포함하며,상기 감지전극은 상기 밀폐공간에 노출되고,상기 기준전극은 외부 공기와 연통되거나, 또는 상기 기준전극 측의 산소 분압을 고정시켜주는 기준물질로 덮여 있으며,상기 용존 수소가스 농도가 변화함에 따라 상기 기전력이 변화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 센서부는,수소이온전도체;상기 수소이온전도체 표면에 형성되는 감지전극 및 기준전극;상기 기준전극과 상기 감지전극 사이의 기전력을 측정하는 기전력측정부;를 포함하며,상기 감지전극은 상기 밀폐공간에 노출되고,상기 기준전극은 상기 기준전극 측의 수소 분압을 고정시켜주는 기준물질로 덮여 있으며,상기 용존 수소가스 농도가 변화함에 따라 상기 기전력이 변화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 가스분리막을 상기 하우징에 결합하기 위한 고정캡을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 하우징 내부의 밀폐공간은 충진물로 채워지는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 센서부를 센싱 온도까지 가열하기 위한 히터가 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 펌핑부는,산소이온전도체;상기 산소이온전도체와 스페이서에 의해 소정 간격 이격되고, 상기 이격된 간격은 외부 공기와 연통되도록 구비되는 히터기판;상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 밀폐공간측 일면에 형성되는 제1 펌핑전극;상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 외부 공기측 일면에 형성되는 제2 펌핑전극;상기 제1 펌핑전극 및 상기 제2 펌핑전극 사이에 전압 또는 전류를 인가하는 펌핑전원;을 포함하며,상기 펌핑전원에 의해 상기 제1 펌핑전극 및 상기 제2 펌핑전극 사이에 전압 또는 전류를 인가함으로써 상기 밀폐공간 측의 산소가 상기 외부 공기 측으로 펌핑되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 센서부는,산소이온전도체;상기 산소이온전도체와 스페이서에 의해 소정 간격 이격되고, 상기 이격된 간격은 외부 공기와 연통되도록 구비되는 히터기판;상기 밀폐공간 측에 노출되는 상기 산소이온전도체의 적어도 일부분에 접합되는 수소이온전도체;상기 수소이온전도체의 상기 밀폐공간에 노출되는 표면에 형성되는 감지전극;상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 외부 공기 측 표면에 형성되는 기준전극;상기 기준전극과 상기 감지전극 사이의 기전력을 측정하는 기전력측정부;상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 수소이온전도체와 접합되어 있지 않은 상기 밀폐공간 측 표면에 형성되는 제1 펌핑전극;상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 외부 공기측 표면에 형성되는 제2 펌핑전극;상기 제1 펌핑전극 및 상기 제2 펌핑전극 사이에 전압을 인가하는 펌핑전원;을 포함하며,상기 용존 수소가스 농도가 변화함에 따라 상기 기전력이 변화하고,상기 펌핑전원에 의해 상기 제1 펌핑전극 및 상기 제2 펌핑전극 사이에 전압을 인가함으로써 상기 밀폐공간 측의 산소가 상기 외부 공기 측으로 펌핑되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 기준전극과 상기 제2 펌핑전극은 하나의 전극인 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 수소센서소자는 상기 액체가 수용된 용기의 개구부에 결합되어 상기 용기에 수용된 액체 내의 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하기 위한 수소센서소자이고,상기 가스분리막은 상기 개구부를 통해 상기 용기 내부와 연통되어 상기 액체 내의 용존 수소가스를 상기 밀폐공간 내로 투과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 가스분리막과 상기 개구부 사이 및 상기 하우징 몸체와 상기 가스분리막 사이에 밀봉부재가 삽입된 상태로, 상기 개구부에 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 센서부의 온도를 측정하기 위한 온도센서 및 상기 액체의 유입 여부를 감지하기 위한 액체 유입 센서 중 적어도 하나가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 용기에 수용된 액체 내의 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하기 위한 용존 수소측정장치로서,상기 용기의 일측에 구비된 개구부에 결합된 수소센서소자를 포함하고,상기 수소센서소자는 수소가스 농도를 측정하는 센서부 및 상기 센서부에 결합되는 하우징을 포함하며, 상기 하우징은 적어도 일부에 개방부가 형성되는 하우징 몸체 및 상기 개방부에 기체 및 액체 밀봉 가능하게 결합되는 가스분리막을 포함하여 내부에 상기 액체 및 외부 공기와 격리된 밀폐공간이 형성되고,상기 가스분리막은 상기 개구부를 통해 상기 용기 내부와 연통되어 상기 액체 내의 용존 수소가스를 상기 밀폐공간 내로 투과시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 수소센서소자는 상기 개구부에 탈착 가능하게 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 센서부에 전기적으로 연결되어 상기 센서부의 동작을 제어하는 제어장치를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 센서부의 온도를 측정하기 위한 온도센서가 더 구비되고,상기 제어장치는 상기 온도센서로부터 그 온도 센싱 결과를 전달받는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 액체의 유입 여부를 감지하기 위한 액체 유입 센서가 더 구비되고,상기 제어장치는 상기 액체 유입 센서로부터 그 센싱 결과를 전달받는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 개구부에는 개폐 밸브가 설치되고,상기 제어장치는 상기 개폐 밸브의 동작을 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 제어장치는,상기 센서부로부터 측정 결과를 입력받는 측정부;상기 수소센서소자의 동작을 제어하는 제어부;상기 측정된 용존 수소가스 농도를 표시하는 표시부; 및상기 용존 수소가스 농도 측정 결과를 유선 또는 무선으로 송신하는 송신부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 수소센서소자는 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소를 외부로 펌핑하여 제거하기 위한 펌핑부를 더 포함하며,상기 펌핑부는 산소이온전도체, 상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 밀폐공간측 면에 형성되는 제1 펌핑전극 및 상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 외부측 면에 형성되는 제2 펌핑전극을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 제어부는 상기 펌핑부의 동작을 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제22항에 있어서,상기 펌핑부는 상기 제1 펌핑전극 및 제2 펌핑전극 사이의 기전력을 측정함으로써 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소가스 분압을 측정하는 산소센서 기능도 수행하고,상기 제어부는 상기 산소센서 기능을 수행하는 펌핑부로부터 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소가스 분압 측정 결과를 전달 받은 후, 그 결과에 기초하여 상기 펌핑부의 펌핑 동작을 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소측정장치.
- 제18항의 용존 수소측정장치를 이용하여 액체 내 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하는 방법으로서,상기 온도센서를 이용하여 상기 센서부의 온도를 측정하는 단계;상기 온도 측정 결과에 기초하여 상기 센서부의 온도를 측정온도가 되도록 제어하는 단계; 및상기 센서부를 이용하여 상기 밀폐공간 내 수소가스 분압을 측정하고 그 결과를 이용하여 용존 수소가스 농도를 연산하는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소가스 농도 측정방법.
- 제24항에 있어서,상기 수소센서소자는 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소를 외부로 펌핑하여 제거하기 위한 펌핑부를 더 포함하며,상기 펌핑부는 산소이온전도체, 상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 밀폐공간측 면에 형성되는 제1 펌핑전극 및 상기 산소이온전도체의 상기 외부측 면에 형성되는 제2 펌핑전극을 포함하여 이루어지고,상기 펌핑부는 상기 제1 펌핑전극 및 제2 펌핑전극 사이의 기전력을 측정함으로써 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소가스 분압을 측정하는 산소센서 기능도 수행하며,상기 산소센서 기능을 수행하는 펌핑부가 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소가스 분압을 측정하여, 상기 측정된 산소가스 분압이 기준치 이상인지 여부를 판단하고, 상기 판단 결과 기준치 이상인 경우 상기 밀폐공간 내의 산소가스를 외부로 배출하도록 상기 펌핑부의 펌핑 동작을 제어하며, 상기 측정된 산소가스 분압이 기준치 이하인 경우 상기 수소가스 분압을 측정하는 단계를 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소가스 농도 측정방법.
- 제24항 또는 제25항에 있어서,상기 측정 및 연산된 용존 수소가스 농도를 유선 또는 무선으로 송신하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용존 수소가스 농도 측정방법.
- 액체 내의 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하기 위한 수소센서소자로서,적어도 일부 영역이 개방된 통 형상으로서 상기 개방된 일부 영역에 가스분리막이 결합되는 하우징 - 상기 가스분리막은 액체는 투과하지 못 하고 수소가스는 투과함;적어도 제1 전극 및 제2 전극을 구비하는 센서부;상기 센서부는 상기 제1 전극이 상기 하우징 내에 삽입되도록 상기 하우징에 결합되어, 상기 가스분리막을 통해 하우징 내로 들어와 상기 제1 전극에 접하는 수소가스의 농도를 측정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 액체 내에 적어도 일부가 삽입되어 액체 내의 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하기 위한 수소센서소자로서,고체전해질의 양쪽에 기준전극 및 감지전극을 구비한 센싱부;상기 액체와는 격리된 상태로 상기 기준전극에 기준가스를 공급하기 위한 기준가스통로;상기 센싱부를 센싱 온도까지 가열하기 위한 히터부;상기 기준전극과 상기 감지전극 사이의 기전력을 측정하는 기전력측정부;를 포함하며,상기 감지전극은 액체 내의 용존 수소가스에 노출되어 상기 용존 수소가스 농도가 변화함에 따라 상기 기전력이 변화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 액체 내에 적어도 일부가 삽입되어 액체 내의 용존 수소가스 농도를 측정하기 위한 수소센서소자로서,고체전해질의 양쪽에 기준전극 및 감지전극을 구비한 센싱부;상기 기준전극을 덮어 기준전극 측의 기준가스 분압을 고정시켜주는 기준가스 분압 고정용 기준물질;상기 센싱부를 센싱 온도까지 가열하기 위한 히터부;상기 기준전극과 상기 감지전극 사이의 기전력을 측정하는 기전력측정부;를 포함하며,상기 감지전극은 액체 내의 용존 수소가스에 노출되어 상기 용존 수소가스 농도가 변화함에 따라 상기 기전력이 변화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제28항 또는 제29항에 있어서,상기 고체전해질은 산소이온전도체와 수소이온전도체의 이종접합, 또는 수소이온전도체로 이루어지며,상기 감지전극은 수소이온전도체의 표면에 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
- 제28항 또는 제29항에 있어서,적어도 상기 감지전극을 덮도록 형성된 보호재를 더 포함하며,상기 보호재는 수소가스가 통과할 수 있는 다공성 물질 또는 글래스세라믹으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소센서소자.
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JP2016542633A JP6165343B2 (ja) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-09-11 | 液体内の溶存水素ガス濃度測定用水素センサ素子およびこれを用いた水素ガス濃度測定方法 |
US15/021,609 US9977006B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-09-11 | Hydrogen sensor element for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas dissolved in liquid and method for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas using same |
EP14844519.0A EP3045900B1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-09-11 | Hydrogen sensor element for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas dissolved in liquid and method for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas using same |
CN201480062090.5A CN105723211B (zh) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-09-11 | 用于测量溶解在液体中的氢气浓度的氢传感器元件以及使用氢传感器元件测量氢气浓度的方法 |
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KR1020140006159A KR101581941B1 (ko) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | 액체 내 용존 수소가스 농도 측정용 수소센서소자 |
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KR1020140092371A KR20160011722A (ko) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | 액체 내 용존 수소가스 농도 측정용 수소센서소자 및 이를 이용한 수소가스 농도 측정방법 |
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