JP7477096B2 - 水素センサ及び水素利用装置 - Google Patents
水素センサ及び水素利用装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 214
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 214
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 138
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 76
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 114
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 15
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002668 Pd-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010340 TiFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonofluoridic acid Chemical compound OC(F)=O ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021480 group 4 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021476 group 6 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021474 group 7 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003907 kidney function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRTYPQGPARWINR-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium platinum Chemical compound [Pd].[Pt] JRTYPQGPARWINR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001650 tertiary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- COEYXIBLSAIEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dihydride Chemical compound [TiH2] COEYXIBLSAIEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium dihydride Chemical compound [ZrH2] QSGNKXDSTRDWKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
E=(-RT/2F)ln(P1/P2)
ここで、Eは起電力、Rは気体定数、Tは温度(K)、Fはファラデー定数、P1は試料極12の水素ポテンシャルに相当する水素分圧、P2は標準極14の水素ポテンシャルに相当する水素分圧である。この方法によれば、試料1中の水素をほとんど消費せずに水素濃度を測定することができる。標準極14と試料極12との間の電位差を測定するための回路を高抵抗にしておけば、電位差の測定中に回路に電流が流れることにより試料1中の水素が消費されるのを更に抑えることができる。なお、この式における温度Tは、水素センサ10の温度であり、厳密には上述した標準極14の水素供給手段の温度とは異なるので、標準極14の温度を測定する手段に加えて、又は代えて、水素センサ10又は試料1の温度を測定する手段を設けてもよい。
Claims (5)
- 試料極と、
前記試料極と試料との間に存在し、水素と水素以外の物質との透過率が異なる分離部と、
前記試料極に接触する試料極側電解質と、
を備え、
所定の濃度の水素を含む標準試料に接触する標準試料側電解質と前記試料極側電解質とが、それらの間で化学種が移動しない態様で電気的に接続されている水素センサ。 - 前記分離部は、水素の透過率よりも一酸化炭素の透過率の方が低い
請求項1に記載の水素センサ。 - 前記分離部は、水素の透過率よりも硫黄化合物の透過率の方が低い
請求項1に記載の水素センサ。 - 前記分離部は多孔質膜である請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の水素センサ。
- 請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の水素センサと、
水素を含む流体を保持する保持部と、
前記保持部に保持された流体を利用する利用部と、
を備え、
前記水素センサは、前記利用部に供給される流体に含まれる水素、前記利用部において水素が添加された流体、又は前記利用部から排出される流体に含まれる水素を検知する水素利用装置。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000275209A (ja) | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-06 | Yamari Sangyo Kk | 水素センサ |
JP2005201639A (ja) | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 水素濃度検出器及びこれを用いた燃料電池システム |
JP2005257457A (ja) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | ガスセンサ |
US20160231303A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2016-08-11 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Hydrogen sensor element for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas dissolved in liquid and method for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas using same |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57165756A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-10-12 | Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd | Hydrogen detector |
JPS59194054U (ja) * | 1983-06-09 | 1984-12-24 | 理研計器株式会社 | 電気化学的ガス検知装置 |
-
2020
- 2020-02-19 JP JP2020026294A patent/JP7477096B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000275209A (ja) | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-06 | Yamari Sangyo Kk | 水素センサ |
JP2005201639A (ja) | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 水素濃度検出器及びこれを用いた燃料電池システム |
JP2005257457A (ja) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | ガスセンサ |
US20160231303A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2016-08-11 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Hydrogen sensor element for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas dissolved in liquid and method for measuring concentration of hydrogen gas using same |
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