WO2014126246A1 - ガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤ、ガスシールドアーク溶接金属、溶接継手、溶接部材、溶接方法、および溶接継手の製造方法 - Google Patents
ガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤ、ガスシールドアーク溶接金属、溶接継手、溶接部材、溶接方法、および溶接継手の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid wire for welding a steel plate such as a galvanized steel plate used for a structural member around an automobile undercarriage by a gas shield arc welding method.
- the present invention also relates to a weld metal, a welded joint, and a welded member welded by a gas shield arc welding method.
- the present invention also relates to a welding method using a gas shield arc welding method and a welded joint.
- a galvanized steel sheet or a galvanized steel sheet is often used as a structural steel sheet for an automobile undercarriage that is painted after welding.
- gas shield arc welding represented by carbon dioxide shielded arc welding is often applied to welding structural members around the automobile undercarriage.
- blow holes may occur in the welded joint portion, that is, in the weld metal.
- arc welding is performed on a galvanized steel sheet or a galvanized steel sheet (herein, zinc or galvanized steel sheet is a generic term for both galvanized steel sheets and galvanized steel sheets), blow holes are likely to occur. It is known.
- a blowhole is formed by the heat input during welding, the gasification of CO 2 gas due to the reaction of carbon in the weld metal with oxygen, or various adsorbed components, and the gasification by the reaction of low temperature gasification reaction components. Bubbles are generated and these bubbles remain as voids as a result of being trapped in the weld metal as the weld metal solidifies. Particularly in a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet, zinc or zinc alloy having a low melting point plated on the steel sheet surface evaporates during welding, and the zinc vapor becomes bubbles in the weld metal in a molten state, so that blow holes are likely to occur. If a large number of such blowholes occur, the strength of the welded joint is reduced, causing problems as structural members, coating defects are likely to occur, and the appearance and shape of the weld bead are also likely to be poor.
- steel plates used for structural members for automobile undercarriages are generally coated by electrodeposition after welding.
- the deoxidizing elements such as Si and Mn in the welding wire are combined with the oxygen component of the shielding gas in the welding process. Reacts to oxide.
- the oxide floats on the surface of the molten weld metal and becomes slag. Since such slag (oxide) is not conductive, electrodeposition coating is not applied on the slag on the surface of the weld bead, resulting in poor coating and defective coating, resulting in corrosion resistance and aesthetics of the weld after coating. May decrease.
- blow holes should be avoided as much as possible in the weld metal at the weld joint.
- Patent Document 1 The proposed welding wire of Patent Document 1 is C: 0.03 to 0.15%, Si: 1.00 to 2.50%, Mn; 0.10 to 1.00% by weight%, provided that Mn / Si is in the range of 0.65% or less, P: 0.013% or less, 0.005 to 0.200% in total of one or two of Al and Ti, one or two of S and O
- the total amount of seeds is 0.0050 to 0.0500%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
- Si, Mn, Al, and Ti, which are deoxidizing elements contained in a welding wire, are adjusted as described above, and in particular, Si is contained in a large amount of 1.00 to 2.50%. It is said that generation of pits and blow holes can be suppressed.
- Patent Document 2 as a method of lap fillet arc welding and a lap fillet arc welded joint of zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet, pit / blowhole porosity defects, spatter defects such as spatter and undercut, gap resistance A technique for improving the above has been proposed.
- Patent Document 2 in the lap fillet arc welding method of zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet, the Si content in the weld metal is 0.5% or less, and the upper and lower two pieces of zinc or zinc that are lap fillet arc welded.
- the total of the content rate of Si and Al in the steel plate which is a base material of the upper plate among the alloy-plated steel plates is set to 0.35% or more, and a welded joint adjusted as such is disclosed. That is, by restricting the Si content in the weld metal to 0.5% or less, the occurrence of blowholes can be suppressed, and the total content of Si and Al in the base steel plate as the welded material is also reduced to 0. It is said that the gap resistance (welding stability with respect to the gap dimension) can be maintained by setting the ratio to 35% or more.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an invention for improving slag peelability. That is, the slag generated after welding is mainly composed of a SiO 2 —FeO—MnO-based metal oxide, and its properties are determined by the composition ratio of Si and Mn in the weld metal, and the amount of Si and Mn in the weld metal However, it is disclosed that high Si and low Mn are obtained. In addition, it has been found that the slag to be produced is thin and fine in this way and the peelability is improved (Patent Document 3, page 3, upper left column, upper right column and FIG. 1). A solid wire for gas shielded arc welding containing a low Mn component and a method for lap fillet welding using the same are disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an invention for reducing generated slag. That is, it is disclosed to suppress pits and blowholes by appropriately adding Si, Mn, Al or the like having strong deoxidizing power to slag and adjusting the deoxidation effect (Patent Document 4 [0012], [0012] 0013]). Along with this, by setting the amount of S and O within the optimum range, the slag encapsulation area adhering to the bead surface can be reduced (Patent Document 4 [0015]). A gas shielded arc welding wire is disclosed. Has been.
- Patent Document 5 discloses an invention for reducing generated slag. That is, in gas shielded arc welding with high heat input and high pass temperature for CO 2 arc welding, B and Mo are added together with C, Si, Mn, Al, Ti and Cu limited to a specific range. Is disclosed. As a result, a gas shielded arc welding wire (Patent Document 5 [0012]) that combines the prevention of strength reduction and toughness reduction of weld metal, low slag generation, stable welding workability, and the like has been disclosed.
- Patent Document 6 discloses an invention for reducing generated slag. That is, in gas-shielded arc welding of high heat input and high interpass temperature intended for the CO 2 arc welding, preventing the mechanical properties decrease of the weld, low slag generation rate, the slag removability good gas shielded arc welding Welding
- An example of a wire is disclosed.
- the present invention can reduce the amount of slag produced by defining the upper limit values of the contents of Mn, Ti and O in the wire, and can also contain S and the upper limit of Mn, Mo and Cu. By defining the value, the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding (Patent Document 6 [0010]) can improve the slag peelability.
- Patent Document 7 the composition is appropriately selected and limited for the purpose of maintaining a stable arc during welding, smoothing the transition state of the droplets, and improving the welding workability.
- a welding wire concentrated on the surface has been proposed.
- Patent Document 8 discloses that 1) the content of C, Si, Ti, and Al having strong deoxidizing power at high temperatures is reduced to activate the oxidation reaction and promote the oxidation of zinc. 2) By increasing the oxygen potential by activating this oxidation reaction, the viscosity of the molten pool is reduced to facilitate gas discharge from the molten pool, and 3) Ti, Al, and Nb, which have a high affinity for nitrogen, are added. There has been proposed a welding wire that reduces the influence of zinc and nitrogen and suppresses the generation of pits and blowholes by a combined action such as fixing nitrogen to the ground.
- Patent Document 9 proposes a welding method in which a predetermined steel plate and a welding wire are combined for the purpose of improving the fatigue characteristics of the weld joint even when the welding speed exceeds 80 cm / min. ing.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-80478
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-101232
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-1224095
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7- Patent Document No. 80678
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-237361
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-26643
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-150494
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-204195
- Patent Document 9 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-226476
- Patent Document 1 focuses on suppressing the generation of pits formed by the blowhole appearing on the surface of the weld metal after solidification, rather than suppressing the generation of the blowhole itself. It is understood. That is, in Patent Document 1, in consideration of applications such as building materials, a welding wire used for gas shielded arc welding of a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet having a thick galvanized layer (that is, having a thick texture) is targeted. .
- the example of Patent Document 1 is intended for a galvanized steel sheet having a basis weight of 270 g / m 2 per side by double-sided hot dip galvanization. In the case of such thickening, it is difficult to completely prevent the occurrence of blow holes.
- galvanized steel sheets used for structural members for automobiles are usually thin in the thickness of the galvanized layer compared to the use of building materials, and the basis weight of zinc per side is about 30 to 120 g / m 2. In many cases, the weight is relatively thin.
- the gas shielded arc welding method it is difficult to confine the blowhole in the weld metal even if the viscosity of the weld metal in the molten state is increased.
- blowholes are less likely to be discharged from the weld metal, which may increase blowholes.
- the amount of Si is increased to increase the viscosity, there is a problem that the amount of slag increases. Therefore, in the technique of Patent Document 1, in the gas shield arc welding of a relatively thin galvanized steel sheet, it is practically possible to suppress the generation of slag at the same time as suppressing the generation of blowholes reliably and stably. It was difficult.
- Patent Document 2 the components of the welding wire used for arc welding are not shown at all except Si and Al in the examples, and the components of the weld metal are not shown at all except Si. Absent. It is known that the content of elements other than Si and Al also affects the generation of blowholes. Therefore, even if the technique of Patent Document 2 is applied as it is, blowholes can be reliably suppressed. Not exclusively. Moreover, in the proposal of patent document 2, sufficient consideration is not made about generation
- Patent Documents 3 to 6 and other Patent Documents 7 to 8 are not yet sufficient to reduce the generated slag, and the corrosion resistance and aesthetics of the welded portion are sufficiently obtained due to the resulting coating failure. It is not done.
- Patent Document 9 shows a technique for improving the fatigue characteristics of a weld joint with a good weld toe shape, but does not show a technique for suppressing the generation of blowholes and slag. Not in.
- the present invention has been made against the background described above.
- gas shielded arc welding of a steel sheet such as a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solid wire for welding that can reliably and stably suppress both occurrence and generation.
- this invention makes it a subject to provide the weld metal with few blowholes and slags as the weld metal which carried out the gas shield arc welding of the zinc or zinc alloy plating steel plate by gas shield arc welding.
- this invention makes it a subject to provide a welded joint with few blowholes and slag, and a welding member as a welded joint of the zinc or zinc alloy plating steel plate by gas shield arc welding. Moreover, this invention makes it a subject to provide the manufacturing method of the welding method and welding joint which reduce a blowhole and a slag, when zinc or zinc alloy plating steel plate by gas shield arc welding is welded.
- each X value is within a range of 1.5 to 3.5%. Adjust the amount of ingredients.
- the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the basic aspect (first aspect) of the present invention is: In mass% with respect to the total mass of the wire including plating, C: 0.03-0.15%, Si: 0.2 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 0.8% P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.1 to 0.3%, Ti: 0.001 to 0.2% Cu: 0 to 0.5%, Cr: 0 to 2.5%, Nb: 0 to 1.0%, V: 0 to 1.0% And the balance consists of Fe and impurities, The value of X defined by the following formula (1) is in the range of 1.5 to 3.5% by mass.
- the Si content in the welding solid wire is kept relatively low in the range of 0.2 to 0.5%, so that the viscosity of the molten metal during welding does not become excessively high. .
- the blowhole is likely to float inside the molten metal and be released from the surface of the molten metal to the outside, which also has an advantageous effect on reducing the amount of blowhole remaining in the weld metal.
- the Si content is made relatively high, and thereby the viscosity of the molten metal at the time of welding is made relatively high so as to confine the blowhole inside the surface of the weld metal.
- the Si content is kept low, thereby suppressing the viscosity of the molten metal and facilitating the discharge of the blowhole, thereby reducing the amount of blowhole remaining in the molten metal. Is suppressed.
- the type and composition of the steel plate (base material steel plate; welded steel plate) to be subjected to gas shield arc welding using the welding solid wire of the first aspect are not particularly limited.
- the effect of the solid wire for welding according to the first aspect becomes remarkable. That is, when zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet is used as the base material steel sheet, blowholes are likely to occur remarkably due to the zinc in the plating layer, but when zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet is gas-shielded arc welded in this way Even so, if the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the first aspect is used, blowholes can be reliably reduced.
- the value of X is set while appropriately regulating the amount of Si, Al, Ti that is particularly likely to be a slag generation source.
- the amount of slag generated during welding can also be suppressed.
- the amount of each component of the welding solid wire within the above range, when gas shielded arc welding is performed using the welding solid wire, there is less spatter generation, and the bead appearance and shape Even a good joint can be obtained.
- the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the second aspect of the present invention is the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the first aspect, In mass% with respect to the total mass of the wire including plating, Cu: 0.05 to 0.5%, Cr: 0.005 to 2.5%, Nb: 0.005 to 1.0%, V: 0.005 to 1.0% 1 type or 2 types or more are included.
- Such a solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the second aspect may contain Cu derived from copper plating applied to the surface of the wire as a component of the weld metal. Moreover, the intensity
- a weld metal to be welded by gas shield arc welding is defined.
- the gas shielded arc weld metal of the third aspect of the present invention is C: 0.03 to 0.15% by mass% relative to the total mass of the weld metal, Si: 0.1 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 1.2%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.05-0.3% Ti: 0.001 to 0.2% And the balance consists of Fe and impurities,
- X defined by the following formula (2) is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0% by mass.
- the content of each component in the weld metal is adjusted so that the value of X defined by the formula (2) is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0%. adjust.
- the blowhole can be suppressed to a very small amount as a weld metal by gas shield arc welding in which a zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel plate that is likely to generate blowholes is used as a base steel plate (welded steel plate). . That is, when the value of X is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0%, the amount of blowholes in the weld metal compared to the case of less than 1.0% and the case of exceeding 4.0% Is significantly reduced.
- the Si content in the weld metal is kept relatively low in the range of 0.1 to 0.5%, so that the viscosity of the molten metal during welding does not become excessively high. For this reason, the blowhole is likely to float inside the molten metal and be released from the surface of the molten metal to the outside, which also has an advantageous effect on the suppression of the blowhole.
- the amount of slag generation is also large. Can be suppressed.
- the amount of each component of the weld metal within the above range, it is possible to obtain a weld metal with less spatter and a good bead appearance and shape.
- the weld metal of the fourth aspect of the present invention is the weld metal of the third aspect, Further, Cu: 0 to 0.3% by mass% with respect to the total mass of the weld metal, Cr: 0 to 1.5%, Nb: 0 to 0.7%, V: 0 to 0.7% 1 type or 2 types or more are included.
- Cu derived from copper plating applied to the surface of the wire may be contained as a component of the weld metal.
- Cr, Nb, and V as a component of the weld metal in an appropriate amount, the strength of the weld metal can be reduced without impairing the blowhole suppression effect and the slag suppression effect. Can be improved.
- the welded joint by gas shielded arc welding is prescribed
- the welded joint of the fifth aspect of the present invention is A weld metal of the joint portion, and two base materials sandwiching the weld metal and at least one of which is made of zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel plate (galvanized steel plate or zinc alloy plated steel plate), and by gas shielded arc welding A welded joint forming a weld metal,
- the weld metal is the gas shield arc weld metal of the third aspect or the fourth aspect.
- the welded joint of the sixth aspect of the present invention is the welded joint of the sixth aspect,
- a zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet (galvanized steel sheet or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet) contains 0.01 to 0.3% of Al by mass% with respect to the total mass of the steel sheet.
- the zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet when the welding wire of the first aspect or the second aspect is used, contains 0.01 to 0.01% by mass with respect to the total mass of the steel sheet.
- the value of X defined by the formula (2) is within the range of 1.0 to 4.0%, and the Al content is 0.05 to 0.3%. It is easy to be within the range, and it is easy to suppress the blow hole generation amount and slag generation amount.
- the welding member by gas shield arc welding is prescribed
- a welding method by gas shielded arc welding and a method for manufacturing a welded joint are defined.
- the welding method of the eighth aspect of the present invention is Using the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the first aspect or the second aspect, the weld metal of the joint is formed by gas shielded arc welding, and at least one of them is zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel sheet (galvanized steel sheet or Two base materials made of a zinc alloy-plated steel sheet) are welded.
- the manufacturing method of the welded joint according to the ninth aspect of the present invention includes: A method for producing a welded joint having a weld metal of a joint part and two base materials sandwiching the weld metal and at least one of which is made of zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel sheet (galvanized steel sheet or zinc alloy plated steel sheet),
- the weld metal is formed by gas shielded arc welding using the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the first aspect or the second aspect.
- the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the present invention when a steel plate such as zinc or zinc alloy plated steel plate is gas-shielded arc welded using the wire, the generation of blowholes in the weld metal and welding after solidification are performed. Both generation of slag on the metal surface can be reliably and stably suppressed. In addition, the occurrence of spatter during welding is reduced, and a weld joint with a good weld bead shape and appearance can be obtained.
- the gas shielded arc welded metal of the present invention has less blowholes and slag as a welded metal obtained by gas shielded arc welding of zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet by gas shielded arc welding.
- the welded joint and welded member of the present invention have fewer blowholes and slag as a welded joint and welded member by gas shield arc welding using a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel plate as a base material (material to be welded). Further, a welded joint and a welded member with less spatter during welding and a good weld bead shape and appearance are obtained.
- the welding method and the welded joint manufacturing method of the present invention when gas shield arc welding is performed using zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel plate as a base material (material to be welded), blowholes and slag are reduced. In addition, the generation of spatter during welding is small, and the shape and appearance of the weld bead are also good. That is, it becomes a high-quality welding method with few welding defects and a manufacturing method for a welded joint, and is optimal for manufacturing a structural member around an automobile undercarriage, for example.
- the basic aspect (first aspect) of the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the present invention is mass% with respect to the total mass of the wire including plating, C: 0.03 to 0.15%, Si: 0.00. 2 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 0.8%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.1 to 0.3%, Ti: 0.001 -0.2%, Cu: 0-0.5%, Cr: 0-2.5%, Nb: 0-1.0%, V: 0-1.0%, the balance being Fe and impurities X defined by the following formula (1) is in the range of 1.5 to 3.5% by mass%.
- each element described above that is, C: 0.03 to 0.15 in mass% with respect to the total mass of the wire including plating. %, Si: 0.2 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.3 to 0.8%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.1 to 0.3% Ti: 0.001 to 0.2%, Cu: 0.05 to 0.5%, Cr: 0.005 to 2.5%, Nb: 0.005 to 1.0%, V : Containing one or more of 0.005 to 1.0%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and X defined by the formula (1) is 1. It is within the range of 5 to 3.5%.
- Si, Mn, Al, and Ti are respectively Si: 0.3 to 0.5% and Mn: 0.4 to 0.8. %, Al: 0.15 to 0.3%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.2% are preferable.
- C has the effect of stabilizing the arc and making the droplets finer. If the C content is less than 0.03%, the droplets become large, the arc becomes unstable, and the amount of spatter generated increases. On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.15%, not only the viscosity of the molten metal becomes low and the bead shape becomes poor, but also the weld metal is cured and the crack resistance is lowered. Therefore, the C content of the welding solid wire is set in the range of 0.03 to 0.15%.
- Si 0.2 to 0.5%, preferably 0.3 to 0.5%
- Si is an element (deoxidation element) that promotes deoxidation of molten metal during arc welding, and is effective in suppressing the generation of blowholes.
- Si deoxidation element
- slag It is also an element that makes the occurrence of If the Si content is less than 0.2%, deoxidation is insufficient and blowholes are likely to occur. If the Si content exceeds 0.5%, the slag increases remarkably. Therefore, the Si content of the welding solid wire is set in the range of 0.2 to 0.5% in consideration of the suppression of the generation of blowholes and the suppression of the slag amount. Even within this range, particularly within the range of 0.3 to 0.5%, blowhole suppression and slag amount suppression can be more effectively achieved.
- Mn is also a deoxidizing element and has the effect of suppressing the generation of blowholes by promoting deoxidation of the molten metal during arc welding, but on the other hand, it is also an element that increases the viscosity of the molten metal. If the Mn content is less than 0.3%, deoxidation is insufficient and blowholes are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 0.8%, the viscosity of the molten metal becomes high, and when the welding speed is high, the molten metal cannot appropriately flow into the welded part, resulting in a humping bead, and a bead shape defect. It tends to occur. Therefore, the Mn content of the welding solid wire is set in the range of 0.3 to 0.8%. In order to reliably suppress the generation of blowholes, the Mn content is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.8%.
- Al 0.1 to 0.3%, preferably 0.15 to 0.3%
- Al is a strong deoxidizing element and has a strong effect of promoting deoxidation of the molten metal during arc welding. On the other hand, it is also an element that makes slag noticeable. If the Al content of the welding solid wire is less than 0.1%, deoxidation is insufficient and blowholes are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the Al content exceeds 0.3%, the slag increases remarkably. Therefore, the Al content of the welding solid wire is set in the range of 0.1 to 0.3% in consideration of the suppression of the generation of blowholes and the suppression of the slag amount. Even within this range, particularly within the range of 0.15 to 0.3%, it is possible to more effectively achieve both the suppression of blowhole generation and the suppression of the amount of slag.
- Ti 0.001 to 0.2%, preferably 0.05 to 0.2%
- Inclusion of Ti has an effect of improving the arc stability in a high current region, and Ti is also an element that is effective in suppressing the occurrence of blowholes because Ti is also a deoxidizing element.
- the Ti content is less than 0.001%, these effects are not sufficiently exhibited.
- the Ti content exceeds 0.2%, the slag generation reaction is promoted and the slag amount increases. Therefore, the Ti content in the welding solid wire is set in the range of 0.001 to 0.2%. Even within this range, particularly within the range of 0.05 to 0.2%, the above effects can be sufficiently exhibited without causing an increase in the amount of slag.
- P is an element that is generally mixed as an inevitable impurity in steel, and is usually also included as an impurity in the solid wire for arc welding.
- P is one of the main elements that generate hot cracks in the weld metal and is desirably suppressed as much as possible. If the P content exceeds 0.02%, the hot cracks in the weld metal become significant. . Therefore, the P content of the welding solid wire is regulated to 0.02% or less.
- the lower limit of the P content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001% from the viewpoints of de-P cost and productivity.
- S is also an element which is generally mixed as an inevitable impurity in steel, and is usually contained as an impurity in the solid wire for arc welding.
- S is an element that inhibits the crack resistance of the weld metal, and is preferably suppressed as much as possible. If the S content exceeds 0.02%, the crack resistance of the weld metal deteriorates. Therefore, the S content of the welding solid wire is regulated to 0.02% or less.
- the lower limit value of the S content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001% from the viewpoint of the cost of removing S and productivity.
- Cu is an element derived from copper plating applied to the wire surface as necessary.
- Cr, Nb, and V are elements that improve the strength of the weld metal.
- Cu, Cr, Nb, and V elements are contained in the welding solid wire as necessary.
- Cu, Cr, Nb, V may contain only 1 type, and may contain 2 types or 3 types simultaneously.
- Cu content should be in the range of 0-0.5%.
- Cu is an element that may be contained in steel by about 0.02% as an impurity.
- Cu is mainly derived from copper plating applied to the wire surface.
- copper plating is an extremely important surface treatment method for stabilizing the wire feedability and the electric conductivity.
- the Cu content is less than 0.05%, the required wire feedability and electrical conductivity cannot be obtained.
- the Cu content exceeds 0.5%, the weld crack sensitivity increases. Therefore, the Cu content in the entire wire including plating is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.5%.
- the Cr content should be in the range of 0 to 2.5%.
- the Cr content is preferably in the range of 0.005% to 2.5%. This is because the effect of improving the strength of the weld metal appears by containing 0.005% or more of Cr, but if the Cr content exceeds 2.5%, the toughness of the weld metal decreases. From the viewpoint of the strength improvement effect, Cr is preferably contained in an amount of 0.3% or more, and more preferably 0.8% or more.
- the Nb content is in the range of 0 to 1.0%.
- the Nb content is preferably in the range of 0.005% to 1.0%. This is because, by containing Nb in an amount of 0.005% or more, an effect of improving the strength of the weld metal appears, but if the Nb content exceeds 1.0%, the toughness of the weld metal is lowered.
- V content should be in the range of 0-1.0%.
- the content of V is preferably in the range of 0.005% to 1.0%. This is because, when V is contained in an amount of 0.005% or more, an effect of improving the strength of the weld metal appears, but if it exceeds 1.0%, the toughness of the weld metal is lowered.
- An impurity refers to a component contained in a raw material or a component mixed in a manufacturing process and not intentionally included in a solid wire.
- the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding of the present invention not only the individual contents of the respective component elements are regulated, but the contents of Si, Mn, Ti, and Al, based on the mutual relationship, It is important to adjust so that the value of X determined by the equation (1) falls within the range of 1.5 to 3.5%.
- blowholes may occur remarkably even if the individual content of elements contained in the wire is within the above range.
- the value of X obtained by the above equation (1) depending on the contents of Si, Mn, Ti, and Al as deoxidizing elements strongly correlates with the blowhole generation status.
- the X value is 1.5 to 3.5%. It has been found that blowholes become prominent when out of the range of 5%.
- Example 1 a part of the result of Experiment 1 conducted by the present inventors is shown in FIG.
- the composition of the solid wire including the plating layer is as follows: C: 0.01 to 0.2%, Si: 0.08 to 0.8%, Mn: 0.2 to 1.5%, P: 0.02 %: S: 0.02% or less, Cu: 0.03-0.8%, Al: 0.05-0.4%, Ti: 0.001-0.3%, the balance being substantially Fe. Is in range.
- Zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheets are overlapped and welded by gas shielded arc welding using each solid wire and carbon dioxide gas as the shielding gas by the method described in the examples described later, and blown after the weld metal is solidified.
- the occurrence of holes was investigated.
- the blowhole generation situation was evaluated by the blowhole area ratio by the method described in the examples described later.
- the zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet used was obtained by subjecting a base steel sheet to double-sided zinc plating, and the composition of the components was as follows: C: 0.01 to 0.5%, Si: 0.00. 01 to 2.0%, Mn: 0.2 to 4.0%, P: 0.001 to 0.04%:
- the thickness of the base steel plate is 2.3 mm, zinc
- the basis weight of plating is 45 g / m 2 per side.
- the vertical axis is the blowhole area ratio
- the coefficient for each element content in the equation (1) that defines the value of X is a statistical treatment of the relationship between the amount of each component of the welding solid wire and the blowhole generation area ratio based on numerous experiments. Referring to the Ellingham diagram showing the standard free energy of formation of various oxides, the magnitude of the coefficient for each element content in equation (1) is based on the rank of the likelihood of oxidation reaction. It turns out that it corresponds.
- the slag area ratio can be suppressed to a remarkably low value of 10% or less.
- the slag area ratio is 10% or less, a coating defect does not substantially occur when the electrodeposition coating is performed on the surface of the weld metal using the solid wire.
- the Al content is less than 0.1%, the slag area ratio rapidly increases to 20% or more, and the Al content is greater than 0.3%. It has been found that the slag area ratio increases to 20% or more. Therefore, from such experimental results, it is found that the range of 0.1 to 0.3% of the Al content of the solid wire has a sufficient critical value regarding the slag area ratio, that is, the slag generation situation. it is obvious.
- 1 is a steel plate
- 2 is a weld bead
- 3 is a large slag generated on the surface of the weld bead when gas shielded arc welding is performed with a conventional welding wire
- It shows the fine slag generated on the surface of the weld bead when gas shielded arc welding is performed with a solid wire.
- C 0.03 to 0.15%, Si in mass% with respect to the total mass of the wire including plating. : 0.3-0.5%, Mn: 0.4-0.8%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.15-0.3%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.2%, Cu: 0 to 0.5%, Cr: 0 to 2.5%, Nb: 0 to 1.0%, V: 0 to 1.0%, the balance being It consists of Fe and impurities, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is in the range of 1.5 to 3.5% by mass.
- the above-mentioned elements that is, C: 0.03 to 0 in mass% with respect to the total mass of the wire including plating. 15%, Si: 0.3-0.5%, Mn: 0.4-0.8%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.15-0.
- the wire material (steel base material) of the present invention After producing an ingot whose components are adjusted to an appropriate range, the wire is produced by forging or rolling, and then drawn as necessary. Can be manufactured. You may anneal in the said process middle or the last of a process.
- the ingot may be a batch type or a continuous casting method.
- the solid wire of this invention can be manufactured by performing Cu plating to the raw material of the manufactured solid wire as needed.
- the type and composition of the steel sheet to be welded using the solid wire of the present invention are not particularly limited. However, when applied to gas shielded arc welding of zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet, a particularly great effect is obtained. Can do. That is, as already described, blowholes are likely to occur in zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheets. Therefore, when the welding solid wire of the present invention is applied to gas shielded arc welding of zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheets, This is because the generation of blow holes can be remarkably reduced as compared with the case of using a solid wire for welding.
- Example 1 in which the operation and effect of the present invention for the solid wire for gas shielded arc welding as described above was verified is shown in Example 1 below.
- Example 1 The manufacturing method of the solid wire for welding is as follows. That is, an ingot is prepared by vacuum melting, forged, rolled, drawn, annealed to form a wire, and copper wire is plated on the wire, and then cold drawing is performed. A solid wire of ⁇ 1.2 mm was manufactured. The chemical components (components of the entire wire including the plating layer) of the manufactured solid wires are shown in Table 1. Shown in 1-28. In addition, in Table 1, the chemical components having a content not included in the scope of claims are underlined. Wire No. in Table 1 Using the wires having chemical components shown in 1-28, the steel plate No. 1 in Table 3 was used. 1, no. No. 2 steel plate having a chemical composition shown in FIG.
- Slag area ratio total sum of slag area ⁇ total image area ⁇ 100 (%) (3)
- the reference value of the slag area ratio was 10%, 10% or less was judged as ⁇ (passed), and the value exceeding 10% was judged as x (failed). The reason is that when the slag area ratio is 10% or less, the electrodeposition paintability after welding including the slag portion is good.
- Bead appearance evaluation Visually observe the bead appearance, evaluate the product with no problem on the product as ⁇ (pass), and reject the product with product problems such as hamping beads, etc. It was evaluated. “Bead is disturbed” means that the bead is meandering, the bead width is not uniform, or there is a pit (such as a hole) on the bead surface.
- blowhole occurrence evaluation The blowhole generation state was evaluated by the blowhole area ratio when the inside of the weld metal after solidification was observed with an X-ray transmission image. Specifically, the weld metal part after solidification is photographed by X-ray transmission, and the value obtained by dividing the total area of the blue hole by the total area of the weld metal part is defined as the blow hole area ratio, and the blow hole area ratio is 10% or less. Were evaluated as ⁇ (passed), and those exceeding 10% were evaluated as ⁇ (failed). This is because if the blowhole area ratio exceeds 10%, the tensile strength of the weld metal often fails to satisfy the reference value.
- Comparative Example No. No. 18 is an example in which the C content of the components of the welding solid wire is too small, and the value of X defined by the equation (1) is lower than 1.5%.
- the amount of C that is a CO 2 generation source is small and the value of X is close to 1.5% of the lower limit of the present invention, in the case of a bare steel plate, it was possible to suppress the occurrence of blowholes.
- blowholes were noticeably generated due to the zinc in the plating layer. In this example as well, spatter frequently occurred, and the bead appearance was disordered and was poor.
- No. 19 is an example in which the C content of the welding solid wire is too high, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is higher than 4.0%.
- the galvanized steel sheet blowholes were remarkably generated. Also in this example, spatter frequently occurred and the generation condition was bad, and the bead appearance was also disordered and was poor.
- No. 20 is an example in which the Si content of the welding solid wire is too small, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is lower than 1.5%. In this example, a large amount of slag is generated. In any case of the bare steel plate and the galvanized steel plate, blow holes were remarkably generated.
- No. 21 is an example in which the Si content of the welding solid wire is too large, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is higher than 3.5%. In this example, a large amount of slag is generated, In any case of the bare steel plate and the galvanized steel plate, blow holes were remarkably generated.
- No. 22 is an example in which the Mn content of the welding solid wire is too small, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is lower than 1.5%.
- a bare steel plate or a galvanized steel plate is used. In this case, blowholes were remarkably generated.
- No. 23 is an example in which the Mn content of the welding solid wire is too high, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is higher than 3.5%.
- X defined by the formula (1)
- No. 24 is an example in which the amount of Cu in the welding solid wire is too large, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is higher than 3.5%.
- a bare steel plate or a galvanized steel plate is used. Even in this case, blowholes were remarkably generated, and weld metal cracks occurred in the beads.
- No. 25 is an example in which the amount of Al in the solid wire for welding is too small, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is lower than 1.5%.
- X defined by the formula (1) is lower than 1.5%.
- blow holes are generated in the case of a bare steel plate.
- blowholes were remarkably generated and a large amount of slag was generated.
- No. 26 is an example in which the amount of Al in the solid wire for welding is too large, and the value of X defined by the equation (1) is higher than 3.5%.
- the galvanized steel sheet blowholes were remarkably generated and a large amount of slag was generated.
- No. 27 is an example in which the amount of Ti of the solid wire for welding is too large, and the value of X defined by the formula (1) is higher than 3.5%.
- any of a bare steel plate and a galvanized steel plate is used. Even in this case, blowholes were generated, particularly in the galvanized steel sheet, and the occurrence of blowholes was remarkable. Further, spatter occurred frequently and the beads became discontinuous.
- No. 28 is an example in which the value of X defined by the equation (1) is higher than 3.5%.
- blow holes were generated in the galvanized steel sheet.
- the basic aspect of the invention for the weld metal (third aspect) is C: 0.03 to 0.15%, Si: 0.1 to 0.5%, Mn in mass% with respect to the total mass of the weld metal. : 0.3-1.2%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.05-0.3%, Ti: 0.001-0.2%
- the balance consists of Fe and impurities, and X defined by the following formula (2) is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0% by mass.
- X 2 ⁇ [Si] + [Mn] + 3 ⁇ [Ti] + 5 ⁇ [Al] (2)
- [Si], [Mn], [Ti], and [Al] in the formula (2) represent the content (mass%) of each element.
- the weld metal of the joint portion is further added in addition to the above components, in terms of mass%, Cu: 0 to 0.3%, Cr: One or more of 0 to 1.5%, Nb: 0 to 0.7%, and V: 0 to 0.7% are contained.
- Si, Mn, Al, and Ti are respectively Si: 0.3 to 0.5% and Mn: 0.4 to 1.0. %, Al: 0.1 to 0.2%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.2% are preferable.
- C has the effect of stabilizing the arc and making the droplets finer. If the C content is less than 0.03%, the droplets become large, the arc becomes unstable, and the amount of spatter generated increases. On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.15%, the viscosity of the molten metal becomes too low and the bead shape becomes poor, and the weld metal is hardened and crack resistance decreases. Therefore, the C content of the weld metal is set in the range of 0.03 to 0.15%.
- Si 0.1 to 0.5%, preferably 0.3 to 0.5%
- Si is an element (deoxidation element) that promotes deoxidation of molten metal during arc welding, and is effective in suppressing the generation of blowholes.
- Si deoxidation element
- slag It is also an element that makes the occurrence of If the Si content is less than 0.1%, deoxidation is insufficient, and blow holes are likely to occur. If the Si content exceeds 0.5%, the slag amount increases remarkably. Therefore, the Si content of the weld metal is set in the range of 0.1 to 0.5% in consideration of the suppression of blowhole generation and the suppression of the slag amount. Even within this range, particularly within the range of 0.3 to 0.5%, it is possible to more effectively achieve both blow hole reduction and slag amount suppression.
- Mn 0.3 to 1.2%, preferably 0.4 to 1.0%
- Mn is also a deoxidizing element and has the effect of suppressing the generation of blowholes by promoting deoxidation of the molten metal during arc welding, but on the other hand, it is also an element that increases the viscosity of the molten metal. If the Mn content is less than 0.3%, deoxidation is insufficient and blowholes are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 1.0%, the viscosity of the molten metal becomes high, and when the welding speed is high, the molten metal cannot flow properly into the welded part, resulting in a humping bead and a bead shape defect. It tends to occur. Therefore, the Mn content of the weld metal is set in the range of 0.3 to 1.2%. In order to reliably reduce the blowhole amount, the Mn content is preferably within the range of 0.4 to 1.0%.
- Al 0.05 to 0.3%, preferably 0.1 to 0.2%
- Al is a strong deoxidizing element and has a strong effect of promoting deoxidation of the molten metal during arc welding. On the other hand, it is also an element that makes slag noticeable. If the Al content is less than 0.05%, deoxidation is insufficient and blowholes are likely to occur. If the Al content exceeds 0.3%, the slag increases remarkably. Therefore, the Al content of the weld metal is set in the range of 0.05 to 0.3% in consideration of the reduction of blowholes and the suppression of the slag amount. Even within this range, particularly within the range of 0.1 to 0.2%, it is possible to more effectively achieve both blowhole reduction and slag amount suppression.
- Ti 0.001 to 0.2%, preferably 0.05 to 0.2%
- Ti is a deoxidizing element, it is an element effective in suppressing the generation of blowholes. If the Ti content is less than 0.001%, the effect is not sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if the Ti content exceeds 0.2%, the slag generation reaction is promoted and the slag amount increases. Therefore, the Ti content of the weld metal is set in the range of 0.001 to 0.2%. Even within this range, particularly within the range of 0.05 to 0.2%, the above effects can be sufficiently exhibited without causing an increase in the amount of slag.
- P is an element that is generally mixed as an impurity in steel, and is usually also included as an impurity in the solid wire for arc welding, and is therefore also included in the weld metal.
- P is one of the main elements that generate hot cracks in the weld metal, so it is desirable to suppress it as much as possible. If the P content exceeds 0.02%, hot cracking of the weld metal becomes remarkable, so the P content of the weld metal is regulated to 0.02% or less.
- the lower limit of the P content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001% from the viewpoints of de-P cost and productivity.
- S is also an element that is generally mixed as an impurity in steel, and is usually also included as an impurity in the solid wire for arc welding, and is also included in the weld metal.
- S is an element that inhibits the crack resistance of the weld metal, and is preferably suppressed as much as possible. If the S content exceeds 0.02%, the crack resistance of the weld metal deteriorates, so the S content of the weld metal is regulated to 0.02% or less.
- the lower limit value of the S content is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001% from the viewpoint of the cost of removing S and productivity.
- Cu is an element that may be generally contained as an impurity in steel.
- Cr, Nb, and V are elements that improve the strength of the weld metal.
- Cu, Cr, Nb, and V elements are contained in the weld metal as necessary.
- Cu, Cr, Nb, V may contain only 1 type, and may contain 2 types or 3 types simultaneously.
- the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0 to 0.3%.
- Cu is an element that is generally contained in steel as an impurity in an amount of about 0.02%. However, if the Cu content of the weld metal exceeds 0.3%, the weld cracking sensitivity becomes high.
- the Cu content in the metal is limited to 0 to 0.3%.
- the Cr content is preferably in the range of 0 to 1.5%.
- the Cr content is more preferably within the range of 0.003% to 1.5%. This is because, by containing 0.003% or more of Cr, an effect of improving the strength of the weld metal appears, but if the Cr content exceeds 1.5%, the toughness of the weld metal decreases. From the viewpoint of the strength improvement effect, Cr is preferably contained in an amount of 0.3% or more, and more preferably 0.8% or more.
- the Nb content is preferably in the range of 0 to 0.7%.
- the Nb content in the weld metal is more preferably in the range of 0.003% to 0.7%. This is because when Nb is contained in an amount of 0.003% or more, an effect of improving the strength of the weld metal appears, but if the Nb content exceeds 0.7%, the toughness of the weld metal is lowered.
- the V content is preferably in the range of 0 to 0.7%.
- the V content is more preferably within the range of 0.003% to 0.7%. This is because, when V is contained in an amount of 0.003% or more, an effect of improving the strength of the weld metal appears, but if it exceeds 0.7%, the toughness of the weld metal decreases.
- An impurity refers to a component contained in a raw material or a component mixed in the manufacturing process and not intentionally included in a weld metal.
- the contents of Si, Mn, Ti, and Al are determined based on the above relation (2 It is important to adjust so that the value of X determined by the above formula is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0%.
- the present inventors may have a large amount of blowholes in the solidified weld metal even if the individual content of elements contained in the weld metal is within the above-mentioned range. I found out.
- the value of X determined by the equation (2) according to the content of Si, Mn, Ti, and Al as deoxidizing elements Is strongly correlated with the amount of blowholes.
- blowholes can be reliably reduced, and conversely, the value of X is It was found that blow holes would increase significantly if they were out of the range of 1.0 to 4.0%.
- FIG. 3 shows a part of the result of Experiment 3 conducted by the inventors regarding the invention of the weld metal, following the result of Experiment 1 (FIG. 1) for the welding solid wire.
- the method described in Example 2 to be described later is performed by a gas shielded arc welding method using a solid wire for welding similar to that in Experiment 1 whose result is shown in FIG. 1 and carbon dioxide gas as a shielding gas.
- the galvanized steel sheets were stacked and welded on the fillet, and the occurrence of blowholes was investigated after solidification of the weld metal.
- the blowhole generation situation was evaluated by the blowhole area ratio by the method described in Example 1 described above.
- the galvanized steel sheet used is the same as in Experiment 1.
- the vertical axis is the blowhole area ratio
- the slag area ratio can be suppressed to a remarkably low value of 10% or less.
- the slag area ratio is 10% or less, a coating defect does not substantially occur when electrodeposition coating is performed on the surface of the weld metal.
- the Al content is less than 0.3%, the slag area ratio rapidly increases to 20% or more, and the Al content is greater than 0.3%. It has been found that the slag area ratio increases to 20% or more. Therefore, from such experimental results, it is found that the Al content of the weld metal in the range of 0.05 to 0.3% has a sufficient critical value regarding the slag area ratio, that is, the slag generation status. it is obvious.
- C 0.03 to 0.15%
- Si 0.3 to 0.5, preferably in terms of mass% with respect to the total mass of the weld metal.
- Mn 0.4 to 1.0%
- P 0.02% or less
- S 0.02% or less
- Al 0.1 to 0.2%
- Ti 0.05 to 0.2%
- X defined by the formula (2) is in the range of 1.0 to 4.0% by mass.
- the weld metal of the joint portion is in addition to the above components, that is, C: 0.03 to 0.15%, Si: 0.3 to 0.5%, Mn: 0.4 to 1.0%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.1 to 0.2%, Ti: 0 In addition to 0.05 to 0.2%, Cu: 0 to 0.3%, Cr: 0 to 1.5%, Nb: 0 to 0.7%, V: 0 to 0. It contains one or more of 7%.
- the weld metal of the joint portion is in addition to the above components, that is, C: 0.03 to 0.15%, Si : 0.3-0.5%, Mn: 0.4-1.0%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.1-0.2%, Ti: In addition to 0.05 to 0.2%, further, by mass, Cu: 0 to 0.3%, Cr: 0.003 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.003 to 0.7%, V : Containing one or more of 0.003 to 0.7%.
- the welded joint is not limited by the component of the solid wire for welding, as long as the component of the weld metal after welding satisfies the conditions specified in the third or fourth aspect. It can be obtained using various wires depending on the components of the material.
- Example 2 An example in which the actions and effects of the invention regarding the above welded joint are verified is shown as Example 2 below.
- Example 2 As the solid wire for welding, the same wire as that used in Example 1 described above, that is, the wire having the composition shown in Table 1 (wire No. 1 to No. 27) was used. With respect to a galvanized steel sheet having a thickness of 2.3 mm having chemical components shown in 1 to 12 (wherein the steel plate components shown in Table 3 indicate the components of the base steel plate before galvanization), the overlap corner is obtained by gas shield arc welding. Meat welding was performed. The welding conditions are as shown in Table 4 as in Example 1. In addition, the galvanized steel plate used for welding is obtained by performing hot dip galvanizing on both sides with a plating basis weight of 45 g / m 2 per side.
- Table 5 shows the results of analysis of the composition of the weld metal components in the welded joint obtained by arc welding experiments on the galvanized steel sheet as described above, and also shows the slag generation status, spatter generation status during welding, and bead appearance of the welded joint. And the occurrence of blowholes in the weld metal after solidification were examined and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 6.
- Each investigation method and evaluation criteria are the same as those described in connection with the first embodiment.
- the individual content of the weld metal component of the weld joint is within the scope of the present invention, but the X value defined by the formula (2) is higher than 4.0%, so that the weld metal melts. Viscosity at the time was excessively high, blowholes were remarkably generated, slag was generated in a large amount, spatter generation was poor, and the bead appearance was poor.
- No. 44 is an example in which the C content of the weld metal of the welded joint is too small, and the value of X defined by the formula (2) is lower than 1.0%. In this example, blow holes are remarkably generated. Moreover, the spatter generation state was poor and the bead appearance was also poor.
- No of comparison example. 45 is an example in which the content of the weld metal in the welded joint is too large, and the value of X defined by the formula (2) is higher than 4.0%. In this example, blowholes are remarkably generated, Moreover, spatter occurred frequently, and the bead appearance was disordered and was poor.
- No. 48 is an example in which the Mn content in the weld metal of the welded joint is too small, and the value of X defined by the formula (2) is lower than 1.0%. In this example, blowholes were significantly generated. .
- No. 49 is an example in which the Mn content in the weld metal of the welded joint is too large, and the value of X defined by the formula (2) is higher than 4.0%. In this example, blow holes are remarkably generated. In addition, spatter frequently occurred and the spatter generation state was poor, and further a humping bead was generated, resulting in a poor bead appearance.
- No of comparison example. 50 is an example in which the amount of Al in the weld metal of the welded joint is too small, and the value of X defined by the formula (2) is lower than 1.0%. In this example, blowholes are remarkably generated, A large amount of slag was generated.
- No. 51 is an example in which the amount of Al in the weld metal of the welded joint is too large, and the value of X defined by the formula (2) is higher than 4.0%. Even in this example, blowholes are remarkably generated, A large amount of slag was generated.
- No. 52 is an example in which the amount of Ti in the weld metal of the welded joint is too large, and the value of X defined by the expression (2) is higher than 4.0%. Spattering occurred frequently and the beads became discontinuous.
- a basic aspect (fifth aspect) of the invention relating to a welded joint is that the weld metal of the joint part and the weld metal are sandwiched, at least one of which is zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet (galvanized steel sheet or zinc alloy plated steel sheet).
- At least one zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet (zinc-plated steel sheet or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet) of the base material is mass% relative to the total mass of the steel sheet. And 0.01 to 0.3% of Al.
- At least one of the two base metal side steel materials (materials to be welded) sandwiching the weld metal of the joint portion is zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel plate.
- the zinc alloy-plated steel sheet is basically a known Zn-based alloy containing zinc as a main component and containing elements such as Al: 0.1 to 0.25% and impurities such as Pb and Sn. It is plated.
- the method for producing the zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet itself is not particularly limited, and a known method such as hot dip galvanizing or alloyed hot dip galvanizing may be generally followed.
- the type and composition of the steel plate before zinc plating including zinc alloy plating (the base steel plate portion of zinc or zinc alloy plated steel plate) and the component composition are not particularly limited. 0.5%, Si: 0.01-2.0%, Mn: 0.2-4.0%, P: 0.001-0.04%, other uses and needs
- steel sheets containing one or more of Cr: 0.01 to 1.5%, V 0.05 to 1.0%, Nb 0.05 to 1.0%, etc. can be used. .
- the steel material when using zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet for only one of them, there are no particular limitations on the type and composition of the components (not limited to the plate material, which may be a tube material or a rod material), and the same steel as the steel of the base steel plate portion in the above zinc or zinc alloy plated steel plate is used. be able to.
- the weld metal is formed by the welding wire of the first aspect or the second aspect.
- the X value defined by the formula (2) is easily in the range of 1.0 to 4.0%, and the Al content is easily in the range of 0.05 to 0.3%. It becomes easier to reduce the amount of holes and slag. That is, even if zinc or zinc alloy-plated steel sheet with a reduced Al content is used as one of the base materials, a welded joint in which the amount of blowhole generation and slag generation of the weld metal in the joint portion is suppressed is easily obtained.
- the zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet may be either double-sided plating or single-sided plating.
- the thickness of the plating layer of the zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet is not particularly limited. However, when the object is an automobile undercarriage member, it is desirable that the coating weight per side is usually about 30 to 120 g / m 2. .
- the alloy-plated steel sheet preferably has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 4 mm or less.
- the specific shape of the welded joint and the specific mode of welding (welding posture) for obtaining the welded joint are not particularly limited.
- lap fillet welding or fillet welding of a T-shaped joint can be applied. That's fine. (Welded parts)
- the basic aspect (seventh aspect) of the invention relating to the welding member includes the welded joint according to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect.
- examples of the welding member provided with the welded joint include a structural member for a prefabricated house in addition to a structural member for an automobile undercarriage.
- the basic aspect (eighth aspect) of the invention relating to the welding method is to weld the joint by gas shield arc welding using the solid wire for gas shield arc welding of the first aspect or the second aspect.
- a metal is formed and at least one of them is welded to two base materials made of zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel plate (zinc plated steel plate or zinc alloy plated steel plate).
- the basic aspect (9th aspect) about the manufacturing method of a welded joint has the weld metal of a joint part, and a weld metal, and at least one is zinc or a zinc alloy plated steel plate (galvanized steel plate or zinc alloy plated steel plate).
- gas shield arc welding of zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet is performed using the solid wire for gas shield arc welding of the first aspect or the second aspect. And compared with the case where the conventional general solid wire for welding is used, generation
- the zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet to be applied is the same as the zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet described in the welded joint of the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect.
- a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet containing 0.01 to 0.3% Al by mass% with respect to the total mass of the steel sheet is applied. Blow hole generation and slag generation can be easily suppressed.
- the specific mode of welding is not particularly limited, and can be applied to, for example, lap fillet welding or fillet welding of a T-shaped joint.
- the kind of shielding gas to be used is not particularly limited, and 100% CO 2 gas, Ar + 20% CO 2 gas, Ar + 2% O 2 gas, or the like can be used as the shielding gas. In particular, when 100% CO 2 gas or Ar + 20% CO 2 gas is used as the shielding gas, the remarkable effects of the present invention are exhibited.
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Abstract
Description
ところで鋼板をアーク溶接した場合、溶接継手部分すなわち溶接金属中にブローホールが生じることがある。特に亜鉛めっき鋼板や亜鉛合金めっき鋼板(本明細書では、亜鉛めっき鋼板と亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の両者の総称として亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板と称する)をアーク溶接した場合には、ブローホールが生じやすいことが知られている。
この特許文献1においては、溶接ワイヤに含まれる脱酸元素であるSi、Mn、Al、Tiを上記のように調整し、特にSiを1.00~2.50%と多量に含有させることによって、ピット及びブローホールの発生を抑制できるとされている。
特許文献1:日本国特開平7-80478号公報
特許文献2:日本国特開2012-101232号公報
特許文献3:日本国特開昭62-124095号公報
特許文献4:日本国特開平7-80678号公報
特許文献5:日本国特開2004-237361号公報
特許文献6:日本国特開2006-26643号公報
特許文献7:日本国特開平1-150494号公報
特許文献8:日本国特開平3-204195号公報
特許文献9:日本国特開2009-226476号公報
ブローホールの発生には、Si及びAl以外の元素の含有量も影響を与えることが知られており、したがって特許文献2の技術をそのまま適用しても、ブローホールを確実に抑制し得るとは限らない。また特許文献2の提案では、スラグの発生及びその抑制については十分な考慮がなされておらず、したがって特許文献2の技術を適用しても、スラグの発生を抑制し得るか否かも定かではない。
また、本発明は、ガスシールドアーク溶接による亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を、ガスシールドアーク溶接した溶接金属として、ブローホール及びスラグの少ない溶接金属を提供することを課題としている。
また、本発明は、ガスシールドアーク溶接による亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の溶接継手として、ブローホール及びスラグの少ない溶接継手、及び溶接部材を提供することを課題としている。
また、本発明は、ガスシールドアーク溶接による亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を溶接したとき、ブローホール及びスラグを少なくする溶接方法、溶接継手の製造方法を提供することを課題とする。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕
の値をパラメータとして用いれば、そのXの値がブローホールの発生傾向に大きな影響を与えることを見い出した。そして、特に溶接用ソリッドワイヤに含まれる成分として、各元素の個別の含有量を規制するだけではなく、前記のXの値が特に1.5~3.5%の範囲内となるように各成分量を調整する。これにより、ブローホールの発生を確実に抑制し得ると同時に、スラグの発生を抑え得ることを見い出し、ガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤについての本発明をなすに至った。
めっきを含めたワイヤ全質量に対する質量%で、
C:0.03~0.15%、
Si:0.2~0.5%、
Mn:0.3~0.8%、
P:0.02%以下、
S:0.02%以下、
Al:0.1~0.3%、
Ti:0.001~0.2%
Cu:0~0.5%、
Cr:0~2.5%、
Nb:0~1.0%、
V:0~1.0%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
下記の(1)式で定義されるXの値が、質量%で1.5~3.5%の範囲内にあるものである。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕・・・・(1)
ただし、(1)式において〔Si〕、〔Mn〕、〔Ti〕、〔Al〕は、それぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。
めっきを含めたワイヤ全質量に対する質量%で、
Cu:0.05~0.5%、
Cr:0.005~2.5%、
Nb:0.005~1.0%、
V:0.005~1.0%
のうちの1種または2種以上を含有するものである。
溶接金属全質量に対する質量%で
C:0.03~0.15%、
Si:0.1~0.5%、
Mn:0.3~1.2%、
P:0.02%以下、
S:0.02%以下、
Al:0.05~0.3%、
Ti:0.001~0.2%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
下記の(2)式で定義されるXの値が、質量%で1.0~4.0%の範囲内にあるものである。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕・・・・(2)
ただし、(2)式において〔Si〕、〔Mn〕、〔Ti〕、〔Al〕は、それぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。
さらに、前記溶接金属全質量に対する質量%で
Cu:0~0.3%、
Cr:0~1.5%、
Nb:0~0.7%、
V:0~0.7%
のうちの1種または2種以上を含有するものである。
継手部の溶接金属と、前記溶接金属を挟み、少なくとも一方が亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板(亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板)からなる二つの母材とを有し、かつガスシールドアーク溶接により前記溶接金属を形成した溶接継手であって、
前記溶接金属を、第3の態様、または第4の態様のガスシールドアーク溶接金属としたものである。
亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板(亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板)が、鋼板全質量に対する質量%でAlを0.01~0.3%含有するものである。
このような第6の態様の溶接継手においては、第1の態様もしくは第2の態様の溶接ワイヤを用いたとき、亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板が鋼板全質量に対する質量%でAlを0.01~0.3%含有していると、(2)式で規定されるXの値が1.0~4.0%の範囲内に、またAlの含有量が0.05~0.3%の範囲内となり易く、ブローホール発生量、スラグ発生量を抑えやすくなる。
すなわち本発明の第7の態様の溶接部材は、
第5の態様または第6の態様の溶接継手を備える溶接部材である。
第1の態様または第2の態様のガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤを用いて、ガスシールドアーク溶接により継手部の溶接金属を形成して、少なくとも一方が亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板(亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板)からなる二つの母材を溶接するものである。
継手部の溶接金属と、前記溶接金属を挟み、少なくとも一方が亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板(亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板)からなる二つの母材とを有する溶接継手の製造方法であって、
第1の態様または第2の態様のガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤを用いて、ガスシールドアーク溶接により前記溶接金属を形成するものである。
本発明のガスシールドアーク溶接金属は、ガスシールドアーク溶接による亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を、ガスシールドアーク溶接した溶接金属として、ブローホール及びスラグが少なくなる。また溶接時におけるスパッタの発生も少なくかつ溶接ビードの形状、外観も良好な溶接金属、すなわち各種溶接欠陥が少ない高品質の溶接金属となり、例えば自動車の足回りの構造部材などに最適となる。
また、本発明の溶接継手及び溶接部材は、亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を母材(被溶接材)とするガスシールドアーク溶接による溶接継手及び溶接部材として、ブローホール及びスラグが少なくなる。また溶接時におけるスパッタの発生も少なくかつ溶接ビードの形状、外観も良好な溶接継手及び溶接部材となる。すなわち各種溶接欠陥が少ない高品質の溶接継手及び溶接部材となり、例えば自動車の足回りの構造部材などに最適となる。
また、本発明の溶接方法、及び溶接継手の製造方法によれば、亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を母材(被溶接材)として、ガスシールドアーク溶接するとき、ブローホール及びスラグが少なくなる。また溶接時におけるスパッタの発生も少なくかつ溶接ビードの形状、外観も良好となる。すなわち各種溶接欠陥が少ない高品質の溶接方法、及び溶接継手の製造方法となり、例えば自動車の足回りの構造部材の製造などに最適となる。
本発明のガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤの基本的な態様(第1の態様)は、めっきを含めたワイヤ全質量に対する質量%で、C:0.03~0.15%、Si:0.2~0.5%、Mn:0.3~0.8%、P:0.02%以下、S:0.02%以下、Al:0.1~0.3%、Ti:0.001~0.2%、Cu:0~0.5%、Cr:0~2.5%、Nb:0~1.0%、V:0~1.0%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、下記の(1)式で定義されるXが、質量%で1.5~3.5%の範囲内にあるものである。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕・・・・(1)
なおここで(1)式における〔Si〕、〔Mn〕、〔Ti〕、〔Al〕は、それぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。
Cは、アークを安定化し溶滴を細粒化する作用があり、C含有量が0.03%未満では、溶滴が大きくなってアークが不安定になり、スパッタ発生量が多くなる。一方、C含有量が0.15%を超えれば、溶融金属の粘性が低くなってビード形状が不良となるばかりではなく、溶接金属を硬化させ、耐割れ性が低下する。そこで溶接用ソリッドワイヤのC含有量は0.03~0.15%の範囲内とした。
Siは、アーク溶接時における溶融金属の脱酸を促進する元素(脱酸元素)であって、ブローホールの発生の抑制に効果があり、その一方では、Siが過剰に含有されれば、スラグの発生を顕著にする元素でもある。Si含有量が0.2%未満では、脱酸不足となって、ブローホールが発生しやすくなり、Si含有量が0.5%を超えればスラグが著しく増加する。そこで、ブローホールの発生の抑制とスラグ量抑制との兼ね合いから、溶接用ソリッドワイヤのSi含有量は、0.2~0.5%の範囲内とした。なおこの範囲内でも、特に0.3~0.5%の範囲内であれば、ブローホールの抑制とスラグ量抑制とを、より有効に両立させることができる。
Mnも脱酸元素であって、アーク溶接時に溶融金属の脱酸を促進して、ブローホールの発生を抑制する効果があるが、その一方では溶融金属の粘性を高くする元素でもある。Mn含有量が0.3%未満では脱酸不足となり、ブローホールが発生しやすくなる。一方Mn含有量が0.8%を超えれば、溶融金属の粘性が高くなり、溶接速度が大きい場合に溶接部位に適切に溶融金属が流れ込むことができず、ハンピングビードとなり、ビード形状不良が発生しやすくなる。そこで、溶接用ソリッドワイヤのMn含有量は、0.3~0.8%の範囲内とした。なおブローホールの発生を確実に抑制するためには、Mn含有量は0.4~0.8%の範囲内が好ましい。
Alは強力な脱酸元素であって、アーク溶接時に溶融金属の脱酸を促進する効果が強いが、その一方ではスラグの発生を顕著にする元素でもある。溶接用ソリッドワイヤのAl含有量が0.1%未満では、脱酸不足となって、ブローホールが発生しやすくなり、一方Al含有量が0.3%を超えればスラグが著しく増加する。そこで、ブローホールの発生の抑制とスラグ量抑制との兼ね合いから、溶接用ソリッドワイヤのAl含有量は、0.1~0.3%の範囲内とした。なおこの範囲内でも、特に0.15~0.3%の範囲内であれば、ブローホールの発生の抑制とスラグ量抑制とを、より有効に両立させることができる。
Tiの含有は、高電流域におけるアーク安定性を向上させる効果があり、またTiは脱酸元素でもあるため、ブローホール発生の抑制にも効果がある元素である。Ti含有量が0.001%未満ではこれらの効果が十分に発現されない。一方Ti含有量が0.2%を超えれば、スラグ生成反応が促進されて、スラグ量が増加してしまう。そこで溶接用ソリッドワイヤにおけるTi含有量は、0.001~0.2%の範囲内とした。なおこの範囲内でも、特に0.05~0.2%の範囲内であれば、スラグ量の増加を招くことなく上記の効果を充分に発現させることができる。
Pは、一般に鋼中に不可避的不純物として混入する元素であって、アーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤ中にも不純物として含まれるのが通常である。ここでPは、溶接金属の高温割れを発生させる主要元素の一つであり、できる限り抑制することが望ましく、P含有量が0.02%を越えれば、溶接金属の高温割れが顕著になる。そこで溶接用ソリッドワイヤのP含有量は0.02%以下に規制することとした。なお、Pの含有量の下限値は、特に制限はないが、脱Pのコスト及び生産性の観点から、0.001%とすることが好ましい。
Sも、一般に鋼中に不可避的不純物として混入する元素であって、アーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤ中にも不純物として含まれるのが通常である。ここで、Sは、溶接金属の耐割れ性を阻害する元素であり、できる限り抑制することが好ましく、S含有量が0.02%を超えれば、溶接金属の耐割れ性が悪化する。そこで溶接用ソリッドワイヤのS含有量は0.02%以下に規制することとした。なお、Sの含有量の下限値は、特に制限はないが、脱Sのコスト及び生産性の観点から、0.001%とすることが好ましい。
Cuは、必要に応じてワイヤ表面に施した銅めっきに由来する元素である。Cr、Nb、Vは、溶接金属の強度を向上させる元素である。本発明では、必要に応じて、Cu、Cr、Nb、Vの元素を溶接用ソリッドワイヤに含有する。Cu、Cr、Nb、Vは、1種類のみ含有してもよいし、2種類あるいは3種類を同時に含有してもよい。
不純物とは、原材料に含まれる成分、または、製造の過程で混入する成分であって、意図的にソリッドワイヤに含有させたものではない成分を指す。
ここで、本発明者等が行った実験1の結果の一部を図1に示す。
この実験1では、種々の鋼組成のインゴットを溶製し、熱間圧延して室温で伸線し、焼鈍後、銅めっきした後、さらに室温で伸線して、φ1.2mmのソリッドワイヤを作製した。なおめっき層を含むソリッドワイヤの成分組成は、C:0.01~0.2%、Si:0.08~0.8%、Mn:0.2~1.5%、P:0.02%以下、S:0.02%以下、Cu:0.03~0.8%、Al:0.05~0.4%、Ti:0.001~0.3%、残部実質的にFeの範囲内にある。
なお使用した亜鉛又は亜鉛合金めっき鋼板は、母材鋼板に両面亜鉛めっきを施したものであって、その成分組成は、必須成分として、C:0.01~0.5%、Si:0.01~2.0%、Mn:0.2~4.0%、P:0.001~0.04%:を含有するものであり、また母材鋼板の板厚は、2.3mm、亜鉛めっきの目付量は、片面あたり45g/m2である。
この実験2では、質量%で、C:0.05%、Si:0.8%、Mn:1.58%、P:0.005%、S:0.02%、Ti:0.16%、を含有し、かつ種々の量のAlを含有するφ0.9mmのソリッドワイヤを用い、シールドガスとしてAr+20%CO2ガスを用いて、板厚2.3mmの亜鉛めっき鋼板(亜鉛めっき目付量は45g/m2)について、ビードオンプレート溶接を150mmの長さについて実施した。そして、後述の実施例1に記載したスラグ面積率測定方法と同じ方法によって、下記(3)式にしたがってスラグ面積率を算出した。図2に示すように、ソリッドワイヤ中のAl含有量とスラグ面積率との関係をグラフ上にプロットした。
本発明のソリッドワイヤの素材(鋼母材)は、適切な範囲に成分調整されたインゴットを製造した後、鍛造や圧延などにより、線材を製造し、次いで、必要に応じて伸線を行うことにより製造することができる。上記工程途中あるいは工程の最後に焼鈍してもよい。インゴットはバッチタイプでもよいし、連続鋳造法によってもよい。そして、必要に応じて、製造されたソリッドワイヤの素材にCuめっきを行うことによって、本発明のソリッドワイヤを製造することができる。
溶接用ソリッドワイヤの製造方法は次の通りである。すなわち、真空溶解法によりインゴットを作製し、鍛造、圧延、伸線して、焼鈍して、ワイヤ素線とし、さらにそのワイヤ素線に銅めっきを施した後、冷間での伸線を行い、φ1.2mmのソリッドワイヤを製造した。製造したソリッドワイヤの化学成分(めっき層を含むワイヤ全体での成分)を、表1のワイヤNo.1~28に示す。なお、特許請求の範囲に含まれない含有量の化学成分については、表1において下線を付した。
表1のワイヤNo.1~28に示す化学成分を有する各ワイヤを用いて、表3の鋼板No.1、No.2に示す化学成分を有する板厚2.3mmの鋼板(亜鉛めっきを施していない裸鋼板)、及び同じ成分組成の鋼板No.1~12に溶融亜鉛めっきを施した亜鉛めっき鋼板のそれぞれについて、ガスシールドアーク溶接によって重ね隅肉溶接を行った。溶接施工条件を表4に示す。なおワイヤNo.に対する鋼板No.の組み合わせを、表1の右側に示す。
ここで、互いに溶接するべき二つの母材鋼板としては、同じ鋼板を用いた。また亜鉛めっき鋼板の場合は、両面に溶融亜鉛めっきを、片面あたりめっき目付量45g/m2で施したものを用いた。
スラグ発生状況は、スラグ面積率により評価した。すなわち、溶接ビード150mmのうち終始端50mmの部分を除いた中央の50mmの長さの部分のビードについて、ビード表面の写真撮影行なって画像を採取し、当該画像におけるスラグ部位をマーキングし、マーキングした部位の面積の総和を求め、全画像面積とから次の(3)式により、スラグ面積率を計算した。
スラグ面積率=スラグ部位面積の総和÷全画像面積×100(%)・・・(3)
スラグ発生状況の評価にあたっては、スラグ面積率の基準値を10%とし、10%以下を○(合格)と判定し、10%を超えたものを×(不合格)と判定した。その理由は、スラグ面積率が10%以下では、スラグ部を含めて溶接後の電着塗装性が良好であるからである。
溶接中のスパッタ発生状況を目視で観察し、通常の溶接作業に支障がないレベルのものを○(合格)と評価し、それ以外を×(不合格)と評価した。なお「通常の溶接作業に支障がないレベル」とは、溶接後、鋼板表面に後処理(グラインダー研削等)が必要なほど大粒なスパッタが付着していない状況をいう。後処理が必要なスパッタの粒径は1mm以上を目安としている。
ビード外観を目視にて行い、製品上問題のないものを○(合格)と評価し、ハンピングビード等のようにビードが乱れているなど、製品上の問題を有するものを×(不合格)と評価した。なお「ビードが乱れている」とは、ビードが蛇行している、ビード幅が均一でない、ビード表面にピット(穴のようなもの)がある等の状況があるものをいう。
ブローホール発生状況は、凝固後の溶接金属内部をX線透過像で観察した際のブローホール面積率により評価した。
具体的には、凝固後の溶接金属部をX線透過撮影し、ブルーホールの合計面積を溶接金属部全面積で除した値をブローホール面積率と定義し、ブローホール面積率が10%以下のものを○(合格)と評価し、10%超のものを×(不合格)と評価した。これは、ブローホール面積率が10%を超えれば、溶接金属の引張強度が基準値を満足できない場合が多くなるためである。
No.1~No.13の本発明例は、いずれも溶接用ソリッドワイヤの各成分の含有量が、本発明で規定する範囲内となっているのみならず、前記の(1)式で規定されるXの値が本発明の溶接用ソリッドワイヤについて規定する1.5~3.5の範囲内となっている。これらの本発明例では、裸鋼板、亜鉛めっき鋼板のいずれを溶接した場合も、ブローホール面積率が確実に10%を下回り、ブローホールの発生が十分に抑制されていることが確認された。また本発明例のNo.1~No.13では、スラグ面積率が10%を大幅に下回り、スラグ発生も確実に抑制されていることが明らかとなり、さらにスパッタ発生も少なく、またビード外観も良好であることが確認された。
次に溶接金属に関する発明、すなわち前記第3の態様、第4の態様について詳細に説明する。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕・・・(2)
なおここで(2)式における〔Si〕、〔Mn〕、〔Ti〕、〔Al〕は、それぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。
Cは、アークを安定化し溶滴を細粒化する作用があり、C含有量が0.03%未満では、溶滴が大きくなってアークが不安定になり、スパッタ発生量が多くなる。一方、C含有量が0.15%を超えれば、溶融金属の粘性が低くなりすぎてビード形状が不良となるばかりではなく、溶接金属を硬化させ、耐割れ性が低下する。そこで溶接金属のC含有量は、0.03~0.15%の範囲内とした。
Siは、アーク溶接時における溶融金属の脱酸を促進する元素(脱酸元素)であって、ブローホールの発生の抑制に効果があり、その一方では、Siが過剰に含有されれば、スラグの発生を顕著にする元素でもある。Si含有量が0.1%未満では、脱酸不足となって、ブローホールが発生しやすくなり、Si含有量が0.5%を超えればスラグ量が著しく増加する。そこで、ブローホールの発生の抑制とスラグ量抑制との兼ね合いから、溶接金属のSi含有量は、0.1~0.5%の範囲内とした。なおこの範囲内でも、特に0.3~0.5%の範囲内であれば、ブローホールの低減とスラグ量抑制とを、より有効に両立させることができる。
Mnも脱酸元素であって、アーク溶接時に溶融金属の脱酸を促進して、ブローホールの発生を抑制する効果があるが、その一方では溶融金属の粘性を高くする元素でもある。Mn含有量が0.3%未満では脱酸不足となり、ブローホールが発生しやすくなる。一方Mn含有量が1.0%を超えれば、溶融金属の粘性が高くなり、溶接速度が大きい場合に溶接部位に適切に溶融金属が流れ込むことができず、ハンピングビードとなり、ビード形状不良が発生しやすくなる。そこで溶接金属のMn含有量は、0.3~1.2%の範囲内とした。なおブローホール量を確実に低減するためには、Mn含有量は0.4~1.0%の範囲内が好ましい。
Alは強力な脱酸元素であって、アーク溶接時に溶融金属の脱酸を促進する効果が強いが、その一方ではスラグの発生を顕著にする元素でもある。Al含有量が0.05%未満では、脱酸不足となって、ブローホールが発生しやすくなり、Al含有量が0.3%を超えればスラグが著しく増加する。そこで、ブローホールの低減とスラグ量抑制との兼ね合いから、溶接金属のAl含有量は、0.05~0.3%の範囲内とした。なおこの範囲内でも、特に0.1~0.2%の範囲内であれば、ブローホールの低減とスラグ量抑制とを、より有効に両立させることができる。
Tiは脱酸元素であるため、ブローホール発生の抑制に効果がある元素である。Ti含有量が0.001%未満ではその効果が十分に発現されない。一方Ti含有量が0.2%を超えれば、スラグ生成反応が促進されて、スラグ量が増加してしまう。そこで溶接金属のTi含有量は、0.001~0.2%の範囲内とした。なおこの範囲内でも、特に0.05~0.2%の範囲内であれば、スラグ量の増加を招くことなく上記の効果を充分に発現させることができる。
Pは、一般に鋼中に不純物として混入する元素であって、またアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤワイヤ中にも不純物として含まれるのが通常であるため、溶接金属中にもに含まれる。ここでPは、溶接金属の高温割れを発生させる主要元素の一つであるから、できる限り抑制することが望ましい。P含有量が0.02%を越えれば、溶接金属の高温割れが顕著になるから、溶接金属のP含有量は0.02%以下に規制することとした。なお、Pの含有量の下限値は、特に制限はないが、脱Pのコスト及び生産性の観点から、0.001%とすることが好ましい。
Sも、一般に鋼中に不純物として混入する元素であって、またアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤワイヤ中にも不純物として含まれるのが通常であるため、溶接金属中にも含まれる。ここで、Sは、溶接金属の耐割れ性を阻害する元素であり、できる限り抑制することが好ましい。S含有量が0.02%を超えれば、溶接金属の耐割れ性が悪化するから、溶接金属のS含有量は0.02%以下に規制することとした。なお、Sの含有量の下限値は、特に制限はないが、脱Sのコスト及び生産性の観点から、0.001%とすることが好ましい。
Cuは、一般に鋼中に不純物として含有することがある元素である。Cr、Nb、Vは、溶接金属の強度を向上させる元素である。本発明では、必要に応じて、Cu、Cr、Nb、Vの元素を溶接金属に含有する。Cu、Cr、Nb、Vは、1種類のみ含有してもよいし、2種類あるいは3種類を同時に含有してもよい。
不純物とは、原材料に含まれる成分、または、製造の過程で混入する成分であって、意図的に溶接金属に含有させたものではない成分を指す。
本発明者等が溶接金属の発明に関して行った実験3の結果の一部を、溶接用ソリッドワイヤについての実験1の結果(図1)に倣って、図3に示す。
この実験3では、図1に結果を示した実験1の場合と同様な溶接用ソリッドワイヤ用い、かつ炭酸ガスをシールドガスに用いたガスシールドアーク溶接法によって、後述する実施例2に記載した方法により亜鉛めっき鋼板を重ね隅肉溶接し、溶接金属の凝固後にブローホール発生状況を調査した。ブローホール発生状況は、上述した実施例1に記載した方法によって、ブローホール面積率により評価した。
なお使用した亜鉛めっき鋼板は、実験1の場合と同様である。
この実験4では、質量%で、C:0.05%、Si:0.8%、Mn:1.58%、P:0.005%、S:0.02%、Ti:0.16%、を含有し、かつ種々の量のAlを含有するφ0.9mmのソリッドワイヤを用い、シールドガスとしてAr+20%CO2ガスを用いて、板厚2.3mmの亜鉛めっき鋼板(亜鉛めっき目付量は45g/m2)について、ビードオンプレート溶接を150mmの長さについて実施した。そして、前述の実施例1に記載したスラグ面積率測定方法と同じ方法によって、前記(3)式にしたがってスラグ面積率を算出した。そして溶融金属中のAl含有量を調べ、図4に示すように、溶融金属中のAl含有量とスラグ面積率との関係をグラフ上にプロットした。
溶接用ソリッドワイヤとして、前述の実施例1で用いたと同じワイヤ、すなわち表1に示した成分組成のワイヤ(ワイヤNo.1~No.27)を用い、表3の鋼板No.1~12に示す化学成分(但し表3に示した鋼板の成分は、亜鉛めっき前の母鋼板の成分を示す)を有する板厚2.3mmの亜鉛めっき鋼板について、ガスシールドアーク溶接によって重ね隅肉溶接を行った。溶接施工条件は、実施例1と同様に表4に示した通りである。なお溶接に使用した亜鉛めっき鋼板は、両面に溶融亜鉛めっきを、片面あたりめっき目付量45g/m2で施したものである。
No.31~No.41の本発明例は、いずれも溶接継手の溶接金属における各成分の含有量が、本発明の溶接継手について規定する範囲内となっているのみならず、前記の(2)式で規定されるXの値が本発明の溶接継手について規定する1.0~4.0の範囲内となっており、これらの本発明例では、ブローホール面積率が確実に10%を下回り、ブローホールが十分に低減されていることが確認された。また本発明例のNo.31~No.41では、スラグ面積率が10%を下回り、スラグ発生も確実に抑制されていることが明らかとなり、そのほかスパッタ発生も少なく、またビード外観も良好であることが確認された。
次に溶接継手に関する発明、すなわち前記第5の態様、第6の態様について詳細に説明する。
〔溶接部材〕
次に溶接方法、溶接継手の製造方法に関する発明、すなわち前記第8の態様、前記第9の態様について詳細に説明する。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、および技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、および技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。
Claims (9)
- めっきを含めたワイヤ全質量に対する質量%で、
C:0.03~0.15%、
Si:0.2~0.5%、
Mn:0.3~0.8%、
P:0.02%以下、
S:0.02%以下、
Al:0.1~0.3%、
Ti:0.001~0.2%
Cu:0~0.5%、
Cr:0~2.5%、
Nb:0~1.0%、
V:0~1.0%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
下記の(1)式で定義されるXの値が、質量%で1.5~3.5%の範囲内にあるガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤ。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕・・・・(1)
ただし、(1)式において〔Si〕、〔Mn〕、〔Ti〕、〔Al〕は、それぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。 - めっきを含めたワイヤ全質量に対する質量%で、
Cu:0.05~0.5%、
Cr:0.005~2.5%、
Nb:0.005~1.0%、
V:0.005~1.0%
のうちの1種または2種以上を含有する請求項1に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤ。 - 溶接金属全質量に対する質量%で、
C:0.03~0.15%、
Si:0.1~0.5%、
Mn:0.3~1.2%、
P:0.02%以下、
S:0.02%以下、
Al:0.05~0.3%、
Ti:0.001~0.2%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
下記の(2)式で定義されるXの値が、質量%で1.0~4.0%の範囲内にあるガスシールドアーク溶接金属。
X=2×〔Si〕+〔Mn〕+3×〔Ti〕+5×〔Al〕・・・・(2)
ただし、(2)式において〔Si〕、〔Mn〕、〔Ti〕、〔Al〕は、それぞれの元素の含有量(質量%)を表す。 - さらに、溶接金属全質量に対する質量%で、
Cu:0~0.3%、
Cr:0~1.5%、
Nb:0~0.7%、
V:0~0.7%
のうちの1種または2種以上を含有する請求項3に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接金属。 - 継手部の溶接金属と、前記溶接金属を挟み、少なくとも一方が亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板からなる二つの母材とを有し、かつガスシールドアーク溶接により前記溶接金属を形成した溶接継手であって、
前記溶接金属が、請求項3または請求項4に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接金属である溶接継手。 - 前記亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板が、鋼板全質量に対する質量%でAlを0.01~0.3%含有する請求項5に記載の溶接継手。
- 請求項5または請求項6に記載の溶接継手を備える溶接部材。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤを用いて、ガスシールドアーク溶接により継手部の溶接金属を形成して、少なくとも一方が亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板からなる二つの母材を溶接する溶接方法。
- 継手部の溶接金属と、前記溶接金属を挟み、少なくとも一方が亜鉛めっき鋼板または亜鉛合金めっき鋼板からなる二つの母材とを有する溶接継手の製造方法であって、
請求項1または請求項2に記載のガスシールドアーク溶接用ソリッドワイヤを用いて、ガスシールドアーク溶接により前記溶接金属を形成する溶接継手の製造方法。
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JPWO2014126246A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
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MX2015010292A (es) | 2015-10-26 |
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