WO2014050694A1 - 半導体装置および電子機器 - Google Patents
半導体装置および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- H01L25/16—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits
- H01L25/167—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits comprising optoelectronic devices, e.g. LED, photodiodes
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Definitions
- the present technology relates to a semiconductor device and an electronic device, and more particularly to a semiconductor device capable of maintaining the reliability of a fine transistor while improving signal output characteristics in a device configured by stacking semiconductor substrates. And electronic devices.
- One of the causes of dark current is an increase in the interface state of the semiconductor substrate due to plasma damage such as charge-up in plasma processing (CVD or dry etching) or UV irradiation in the manufacturing process of a solid-state imaging device. Yes.
- the passivation film serving as a hydrogen supply source is set to have different residual hydrogen amounts on the pixel portion and the peripheral circuit portion, and from the passivation film to the semiconductor surface portion in the pixel portion and the peripheral circuit portion by the sintering process.
- Has been proposed see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present technology is disclosed in view of such a situation, and in a device configured by stacking semiconductor substrates, the reliability of a fine transistor can be maintained while improving signal output characteristics. To do.
- a first aspect of the present technology includes a first semiconductor substrate, a second semiconductor substrate that provides a function different from the function provided by the first semiconductor substrate, the first semiconductor substrate, and the first semiconductor substrate. And a diffusion prevention film for preventing the diffusion of dangling bond terminal atoms used to reduce the interface state of the two semiconductor substrates. At least two semiconductor substrates are laminated, and each semiconductor substrate is electrically The first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are connected and the diffusion prevention film is inserted between the interface of the first semiconductor substrate and the interface of the second semiconductor substrate. Is a stacked semiconductor device.
- the interface state of the first semiconductor substrate can be less than the interface state of the second semiconductor substrate.
- the dangling bond terminal atom is hydrogen, and the insulating thin film in the first semiconductor substrate constituted by a silicon nitride thin film can be used as the atom supply film.
- the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are in a state where an atomic storage film that stores the dangling bond terminal atoms is further inserted between the diffusion prevention film and the second semiconductor substrate. It can be made to be laminated.
- the dangling bond terminal atom is hydrogen, and a multilayer metal layer in the second semiconductor substrate or a barrier metal covering the extraction electrode, which is made of titanium, can be used as the atomic storage film. .
- It can be configured as a solid-state imaging device, wherein a pixel portion is formed on the first semiconductor substrate and a logic circuit is formed on the second semiconductor substrate.
- the first semiconductor substrate to the third semiconductor substrate are in a state where a diffusion preventing film for preventing diffusion of the dangling bond terminal atoms is further inserted between the interface of the third semiconductor substrate and the third semiconductor substrate. It can be made to be laminated.
- the diffusion preventing film can be a SiN film formed by plasma CVD.
- the diffusion prevention film is formed on a support substrate by a film forming process at 600 ° C. or higher, the diffusion prevention film formed on the support substrate is bonded to the second semiconductor substrate, and the support substrate is The first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor in a state where the diffusion preventing film is inserted between the interface of the first semiconductor substrate and the interface of the second semiconductor substrate.
- the substrates can be stacked.
- the diffusion prevention film can be a SiN film formed by LP-CVD.
- the film density of the diffusion preventing film can be set to 2.7 g / cm to 3.5 g / cm.
- the thickness of the diffusion preventive film can be 150 nm or less.
- the diffusion preventing film may be a SiN film formed by ALD-CVD.
- the multilayer wiring layers of the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate can be stacked to face each other.
- the multilayer wiring layers of the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate can be stacked so as not to face each other.
- a second aspect of the present technology includes a first semiconductor substrate, a second semiconductor substrate that provides a function different from the function provided by the first semiconductor substrate, the first semiconductor substrate, and the first semiconductor substrate. And a diffusion prevention film for preventing the diffusion of dangling bond terminal atoms used to reduce the interface state of the two semiconductor substrates. At least two semiconductor substrates are laminated, and each semiconductor substrate is electrically The first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are connected and the diffusion prevention film is inserted between the interface of the first semiconductor substrate and the interface of the second semiconductor substrate. Is an electronic device having a semiconductor device stacked.
- At least two semiconductor substrates are stacked, each semiconductor substrate is electrically connected, and the diffusion preventing film is an interface of the first semiconductor substrate.
- the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are stacked in a state of being inserted between the second semiconductor substrate and the interface of the second semiconductor substrate.
- the reliability of a fine transistor can be maintained while improving signal output characteristics.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic schematic configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment of the present technology. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example which concerns on one embodiment of the solid-state imaging device to which this technique is applied. It is a figure explaining the manufacturing system of the solid-state imaging device of FIG. It is a figure explaining the manufacturing system of the solid-state imaging device of FIG. It is a figure explaining the manufacturing system of the solid-state imaging device of FIG. It is a figure explaining the manufacturing system of the solid-state imaging device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example which concerns on another embodiment of the solid-state imaging device to which this technique is applied.
- a metal electrode is connected to a source and a drain on a semiconductor substrate (semiconductor wafer) usually made of silicon (Si).
- SiO 2 film is formed on the surface of silicon (Si) by oxidation.
- the SiO2 film is also called a gate oxide film.
- the interface state as described above exists on the surface of the Si substrate on which the PD is formed, for example, a current flows through the interface state, and dark current characteristics in the solid-state imaging device using the PD. Is known to deteriorate.
- the interface state of the semiconductor substrate increases due to charge-up in plasma processing (CVD or dry etching) in the manufacturing process of the solid-state imaging device or plasma damage such as UV irradiation.
- CVD plasma processing
- plasma damage such as UV irradiation.
- Generation of dark current, flicker noise of pixel transistors, and random telegraph noise deteriorates image quality in a solid-state imaging device such as an image sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a general configuration example of a semiconductor substrate constituting a pixel portion. As shown in the figure, in this semiconductor substrate, an interlayer film is formed on a substrate made of silicon, and a multilayer wiring layer is formed on the interlayer film.
- a transistor is formed in the center of the figure, a gate oxide film is formed on the substrate, and a gate electrode is formed on the gate oxide film.
- a source electrode, a channel, a drain electrode, and a PD (photodiode) are formed on the substrate surface.
- the portion indicated by a cross is an interface of the semiconductor substrate. That is, the horizontal plane in the drawing parallel to the boundary surface between the gate oxide film and the channel is the interface. As described above, the dangling bond is terminated at this interface and the interface state is reduced, whereby dark current, flicker noise of the pixel transistor, and random telegraph noise can be suppressed.
- the dangling bond at the SiO2-Si interface is inactivated by hydrogen and exists as Si-H.
- high temperature and high bias stress and the presence of holes may cause an electrochemical reaction and release hydrogen.
- dangling bonds (Si +) become interface states, and hydrogen diffuses into the gate oxide film.
- NBTI deteriorates due to such an increase in interface state and traps in the oxide film.
- CHI hot carrier deterioration
- a solid-state imaging device in which a semiconductor chip in which a pixel region in which a plurality of pixels are arranged is formed and a semiconductor chip in which a logic circuit for performing signal processing is electrically connected is configured as one device.
- Various devices have been proposed. For example, a semiconductor module in which a back-illuminated image sensor chip and a signal processing chip on which a signal processing circuit is formed are connected by micro bumps has been proposed.
- only the semiconductor substrate having the pixel portion can reduce the interface state, improve the image quality, and maintain the reliability of the fine transistor.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied.
- the solid-state imaging device 1 is configured as a CMOS image sensor, for example.
- pixel region 3 in which pixels 2 including a plurality of photoelectric conversion units are regularly arranged in a two-dimensional array on a semiconductor substrate 11, for example, a silicon substrate, and a peripheral circuit unit. And is configured.
- the pixel 2 includes, for example, a photodiode serving as a photoelectric conversion unit and a plurality of pixel transistors (so-called MOS transistors).
- the plurality of pixel transistors can be constituted by three transistors, for example, a transfer transistor, a reset transistor, and an amplification transistor.
- a selection transistor may be added to configure the transistor with four transistors.
- the pixel 2 can be configured as one unit pixel.
- the pixel 2 can have a shared pixel structure.
- This pixel sharing structure is composed of a plurality of photodiodes, a plurality of transfer transistors, one shared floating diffusion, and one other shared pixel transistor. That is, in the shared pixel, a photodiode and a transfer transistor that constitute a plurality of unit pixels are configured by sharing each other pixel transistor.
- the peripheral circuit section includes a vertical drive circuit 4, a column signal processing circuit 5, a horizontal drive circuit 6, an output circuit 7, a control circuit 8, and the like.
- the control circuit 8 receives an input clock and data for instructing an operation mode, and outputs data such as internal information of the solid-state imaging device. That is, the control circuit 8 generates a clock signal and a control signal that serve as a reference for operations of the vertical drive circuit 4, the column signal processing circuit 5, and the horizontal drive circuit 6 based on the vertical synchronization signal, the horizontal synchronization signal, and the master clock. To do. These signals are input to the vertical drive circuit 4, the column signal processing circuit 5, the horizontal drive circuit 6, and the like.
- the vertical drive circuit 4 is constituted by, for example, a shift register, selects a pixel drive wiring, supplies a pulse for driving the pixel to the selected pixel drive wiring, and drives the pixels in units of rows. That is, the vertical drive circuit 4 selectively scans each pixel 2 in the pixel region 3 in the vertical direction sequentially in units of rows, and according to the amount of light received in, for example, a photodiode serving as a photoelectric conversion unit of each pixel 2 through the vertical signal line 9. A pixel signal based on the generated signal charge is supplied to the column signal processing circuit 5.
- the column signal processing circuit 5 is arranged, for example, for each column of the pixels 2 and performs signal processing such as noise removal on the signal output from the pixels 2 for one row for each pixel column. That is, the column signal processing circuit 5 performs signal processing such as CDS, signal amplification, and AD conversion for removing fixed pattern noise unique to the pixel 2.
- a horizontal selection switch (not shown) is connected to the horizontal signal line 10 at the output stage of the column signal processing circuit 5.
- the horizontal drive circuit 6 is constituted by, for example, a shift register, and sequentially outputs horizontal scanning pulses to select each of the column signal processing circuits 5 in order, and the pixel signal is output from each of the column signal processing circuits 5 to the horizontal signal line. 10 to output.
- the output circuit 7 performs signal processing on the signals sequentially supplied from each of the column signal processing circuits 5 through the horizontal signal line 10 and outputs the signals. For example, only buffering may be performed, or black level adjustment, column variation correction, various digital signal processing, and the like may be performed.
- the input / output terminal 12 exchanges signals with the outside.
- FIG. 3 shows a basic schematic configuration of a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment of the present technology.
- the conventional solid-state imaging device 151 is configured by mounting a pixel region 153, a control circuit 154, and a logic circuit 155 for signal processing in one semiconductor chip 152.
- the Normally, the image sensor 156 is configured by the pixel region 153 and the control circuit 154.
- the solid-state imaging device includes the pixel region 23 and the control region 24 mounted on the first semiconductor chip unit 22 as illustrated in FIG.
- a logic circuit 25 including a signal processing circuit for signal processing is mounted on the semiconductor chip unit 26.
- the solid-state imaging device includes the pixel region 23 mounted on the first semiconductor chip unit 22 and the second semiconductor chip unit 26 as illustrated in FIG.
- a control area 24 and a logic circuit 25 including a signal processing circuit are mounted.
- the first and second semiconductor chip portions 22 and 26 are electrically connected to each other to constitute a solid-state imaging device as one semiconductor chip.
- the solid-state imaging device is configured by stacking semiconductor chips (semiconductor substrates).
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example according to an embodiment of a solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied.
- This solid-state imaging device is configured as a back-illuminated CMOS image sensor configured by stacking a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate.
- a semi-finished image sensor that is, a pixel array (hereinafter referred to as a pixel region) 23 and a control region 24 are formed in each region of the first semiconductor substrate 31.
- a photodiode (PD) serving as a photoelectric conversion unit of each pixel is formed in each region of a semiconductor substrate (for example, a silicon substrate) 31, and a source / drain region 33 of each pixel transistor is formed in the semiconductor well region 32. .
- a semiconductor substrate for example, a silicon substrate
- the semiconductor well region 32 is formed by introducing a first conductivity type, for example, a p-type impurity, and the source / drain region 33 is formed by introducing a second conductivity type, for example, an n-type impurity.
- the photodiode (PD) and the source / drain region 33 of each pixel transistor are formed by ion implantation from the substrate surface.
- a photodiode (PD) is formed having an n-type semiconductor region 34 and a p-type semiconductor region 35 on the substrate surface side.
- a gate electrode 36 is formed on a substrate surface constituting a pixel via a gate insulating film, and a pixel transistor Tr1 and a pixel transistor Tr2 are formed by a source / drain region 33 paired with the gate electrode 36.
- the plurality of pixel transistors are represented by two pixel transistors (Tr1, Tr2).
- the pixel transistor Tr1 adjacent to the photodiode (PD) corresponds to a transfer transistor, and its source / drain region corresponds to a floating diffusion (FD).
- Each unit pixel 30 is separated by an element isolation region 38.
- the element isolation region 38 is a so-called LOCOS that forms a silicon oxide film by oxidizing the semiconductor substrate 31, an STI (Shallow Trench Isolation) that opens a trench in the semiconductor substrate 31 and fills the trench with a silicon oxide film, It is formed of an impurity diffusion layer having a conductivity type different from that of the diffusion layer to be a node.
- a MOS transistor constituting a control circuit is formed on the semiconductor substrate 31.
- the MOS transistors constituting the control region 24 are represented by the MOS transistors Tr3 and Tr4.
- Each MOS transistor is formed by an n-type source / drain region 33 and a gate electrode 36 formed through a gate insulating film.
- a first interlayer insulating film 39 is formed on the surface of the first semiconductor substrate 31, and then a connection hole is formed in the interlayer insulating film 39, and a connection conductor 44 connected to a required transistor is formed. .
- the first insulating thin film 43a for example, a silicon oxide film
- contact openings (later connection conductors) connected to the gate electrode 36 and the source / drain regions 33 are formed on the entire surface including the upper surface of the transistor.
- the second insulating thin film 43b serving as an etching stopper in the etching for filling with (44) is laminated.
- a silicon nitride thin film is used as the second insulating thin film 43b, for example, SiCN having a thickness of about 35 to 150 nm is used.
- the second insulating thin film 43b also functions as a hydrogen supply film. That is, the second insulating thin film 43b provided on the first semiconductor substrate 31 has a higher hydrogen concentration than the second insulating thin film 43z described later.
- a first interlayer insulating film 39 is formed on the second insulating thin film 43b. Then, connection holes having different depths are selectively formed in the first interlayer insulating film 39 up to the second insulating thin film 43b serving as an etching stopper. Subsequently, the first insulating thin film 43a and the second insulating thin film 43b having the same film thickness are selectively etched at each portion so as to be continuous with each connection hole, thereby forming a connection hole.
- connection conductor 44 is embedded in each connection hole.
- a multilayer wiring layer 41 is formed by forming a plurality of layers (three layers in this example) of metal wirings 40 via an interlayer insulating film 39 so as to be connected to each connection conductor 44.
- the metal wiring 40 is formed of a copper (Cu) wiring. Normally, each copper wiring is covered with a barrier metal film that prevents Cu diffusion. Therefore, a cap film for the copper wiring 40, a so-called protective film 42 is formed on the multilayer wiring layer 41.
- a metal pad constituting an extraction electrode used for signal input / output with the outside is also covered with a barrier metal film as necessary.
- an atomic / molecular diffusion preventing film 99a suitable for termination of dangling bonds on a semiconductor surface such as hydrogen is formed.
- a SiN film formed by plasma CVD with a film thickness of about 500 to 1500 ⁇ m is used for the diffusion preventing film 99a.
- both 43b and 99a are silicon nitride thin films, but it is possible to control the hydrogen content in the thin film by changing the manufacturing method. By changing the hydrogen content, a film having a high hydrogen content can be obtained. A hydrogen supply film or a film having a low hydrogen content can be made to function as a hydrogen diffusion preventing film.
- the first semiconductor substrate 31 having the pixel region 23 and the control region 24 in a semi-finished product state is formed.
- a logic circuit 25 including a signal processing circuit for signal processing in a semi-finished product state is formed in each region of the second semiconductor substrate (semiconductor chip) 45. That is, a plurality of MOS transistors constituting a logic circuit are formed in the p-type semiconductor well region 46 on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate (for example, silicon substrate) 45 so as to be isolated by the element isolation region 50.
- the plurality of MOS transistors are represented by a MOS transistor Tr6, a MOS transistor Tr7, and a MOS transistor Tr8.
- Each MOS transistor Tr6, Tr7, Tr8 is formed having a pair of n-type source / drain regions 47 and a gate electrode 48 formed through a gate insulating film.
- the logic circuit 25 can be composed of CMOS transistors.
- a first interlayer insulating film 49 is formed on the surface of the second semiconductor substrate 45, and then a connection hole is formed in the interlayer insulating film 49, and a connection conductor 54 connected to a required transistor is formed. .
- a first insulating thin film 43a for example, a silicon oxide film
- a second insulating thin film 43z serving as an etching stopper are stacked on the entire surface including the upper surface of the transistor.
- the second insulating thin film 43z provided on the second semiconductor substrate 45 is formed under a film forming condition different from that of the second insulating thin film 43b, so that the film has a lower hydrogen concentration than the second insulating thin film 43b. Formed as.
- the first interlayer insulating film 49 is formed on the second insulating thin film 43z. Then, connection holes having different depths are selectively formed in the first interlayer insulating film 49 up to the second insulating thin film 43z serving as an etching stopper. Next, the first insulating thin film 43a and the second insulating thin film 43z having the same film thickness are selectively etched in each part so as to be continuous with each connection hole, thereby forming a connection hole. Then, the connection conductor 54 is embedded in each connection hole.
- connection hole is formed from the surface of the first interlayer insulating film 49 to a desired depth position in the semiconductor substrate 45 at a required position in each region, and a connection conductor 51 for the lead-out electrode is formed in the connection hole.
- the connection conductor 51 can be formed of, for example, copper (Cu), tungsten (W), polysilicon, or the like.
- an insulating film 52 for insulating the connection conductor 51 and the semiconductor substrate 45 is formed on the inner wall surface of the connection hole.
- a multilayer wiring layer 55 is formed by forming a plurality of layers, in this example, three layers of metal wirings 53 via an interlayer insulating film 49 so as to be connected to each connection conductor 54 and electrode connection connection conductor 51. .
- the metal wiring 53 is formed of copper (Cu) wiring. Similar to the above, a cap film of the copper wiring (metal wiring) 53, a so-called protective film 56 is formed on the multilayer wiring layer 55.
- an atomic / molecular diffusion preventing film 99b suitable for dangling bond termination on a semiconductor surface such as hydrogen is formed.
- a SiN film formed by plasma CVD with a film thickness of about 300 to 1500 ⁇ m is used for the diffusion preventing film 99b.
- the second semiconductor substrate 45 having the semi-finished logic circuit 25 is formed.
- the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the second semiconductor substrate 45 are bonded so that the multilayer wiring layers 41 and 55 face each other.
- the bonding includes, for example, plasma bonding and bonding with an adhesive.
- a film 57 such as a film is formed.
- the bonding surface on which the film 57 is formed is overlapped by plasma treatment, and then annealed to bond the two.
- the bonding process is preferably performed by a low-temperature process of 400 ° C. or lower that does not affect the wiring or the like.
- Hydrogen is supplied from the second insulating thin film 43b to the interface of the first semiconductor substrate 31 by heat treatment during the bonding process.
- an adhesive layer 58 is formed on one of the bonding surfaces of the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the second semiconductor substrate 45, and the two layers are bonded together via the adhesive layer 58.
- the first semiconductor substrate 31 is thinned by grinding and polishing from the back surface 31b side of the first semiconductor substrate 31. This thinning is performed so that the photodiode (PD) faces. After thinning, a p-type semiconductor layer for dark current suppression is formed on the back surface of the photodiode (PD).
- the thickness of the semiconductor substrate 31 is, for example, about 600 ⁇ m, but it is thinned to be, for example, about 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, preferably about 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- an interlayer insulating film 59 made of, for example, a silicon oxide film is formed on the back surface of the substrate.
- the back surface 31b of the first semiconductor substrate 31 is a light incident surface when configured as a back-illuminated solid-state imaging device.
- a through-connection hole 61 that penetrates the first semiconductor substrate 31 from the back surface 31b side and reaches the uppermost wiring 53 of the second semiconductor substrate 45 is formed at a required position with respect to the first semiconductor substrate 31 that has been thinned.
- a connection hole 62 is formed in the first semiconductor substrate 31 so as to be close to the through-connection hole 61 and reach the first layer wiring 40 on the first semiconductor substrate 31 side from the back surface 31b side.
- the contact diameter of the through-connection hole 61 and the connection hole 62 can be formed with a size of 1 to 5 ⁇ m. Since the through-connection hole 61 and the connection hole 62 are formed after the first semiconductor substrate 31 is thinned, the aspect ratio becomes small and can be formed as fine holes.
- the contact depth of the through-hole 61 or the connection hole 62 can be set to a depth of about 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, for example.
- an insulating film 63 for electrically insulating the semiconductor substrate 31 is formed on the inner wall surfaces of the through connection hole 61 and the connection hole 62.
- the through connection conductor 64 and the connection conductor 65 are embedded in the through connection hole 61 and the connection hole 62.
- a metal such as copper (Cu) or tungsten (W) can be used for the through connection conductor 64 and the connection conductor 65.
- an insulating protective film 66 is formed on the entire back surface of the first semiconductor substrate 31.
- a SiCN film, a plasma / silicon nitride film, a SiC film, or the like can be used as the insulating protective film 66.
- a light shielding film 67 is formed on the region to be shielded from light.
- a metal film such as tungsten can be used.
- the light shielding film 67 can be electrically connected to the semiconductor well region 32 having a ground potential, so that the light shielding film 67 can be prevented from being in an electrically floating state.
- the semiconductor well region 32 can be prevented from being in an electrically floating state.
- a passivation film 68 is formed on the entire surface so as to cover the light shielding film 67.
- a passivation film 68 for example, a plasma silicon nitride film, a CVD-SiV film, or the like is used.
- connection wiring 72 made of an aluminum film is formed through the barrier metal film 71.
- the barrier metal film 71 is formed of, for example, a laminated film of Ti (lower) / TiN (upper).
- connection wiring 72 is connected to the through connection conductor 64 and the connection conductor 65 through the connection hole 69.
- the connection wiring 72 is used to connect the pixel region 23 and the control region 24 to the logic circuit 25, and also serves as an extraction electrode from the upper surface, that is, a so-called electrode pad.
- the connection wiring 72 is referred to as an electrode pad.
- the image sensor composed of the pixel region 23 and the control region 24 formed on the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the logic circuit 25 formed on the second semiconductor substrate 45 are connected to the connection conductor 65, the electrode pad 72, and the through-hole. Electrical connection is made through the connection conductor 64.
- planarizing film 73 is formed.
- red (R), green (G), and blue (B) on-chip color filters 74 corresponding to the respective pixels are formed, and on that, An on-chip microlens 75 is formed.
- Each on-chip color filter 74 and on-chip microlens 75 are formed corresponding to each unit pixel of the pixel array.
- the lens material film 75a and the planarizing film 73 are selectively removed by etching to expose the electrode pads 72.
- the surface of the connection conductor 51 serving as an extraction electrode is exposed by grinding and polishing the surface.
- connection conductor 51 of the second semiconductor substrate 45 After forming the passivation film 76 on the exposed surface of the connection conductor 51 of the second semiconductor substrate 45, an opening 77 corresponding to the connection conductor 51 is formed, and a spherical electrode electrically connected to the connection conductor 51 through the opening 77. Bumps 78 are formed.
- the pixel region 23 and the control region 24 are in a completed product state
- the logic circuit 25 is in a completed product state.
- the diffusion prevention film 99 a and the diffusion prevention film 99 b are arranged on the joint surface between the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the second semiconductor substrate 45. It will be. Thereby, the movement of hydrogen atoms / molecules between the stacked semiconductor substrates is suppressed, and the hydrogen concentration of the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the hydrogen concentration of the second semiconductor substrate 45 are leveled. Can be deterred.
- the second insulating thin film 43b provided on the first semiconductor substrate 31 functions as a hydrogen supply film. Therefore, the hydrogen concentration can be increased only for the first semiconductor substrate 31 without performing a sintering process or the like.
- the present technology in the solid-state imaging device configured by stacking semiconductor substrates, only the semiconductor substrate having the pixel portion can reduce the interface state.
- FIG. 8 is a configuration example according to another embodiment of a solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied, and is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a solid-state imaging device manufactured by Cu—Cu bonding.
- This solid-state imaging device is also configured as a backside illumination type CMOS image sensor configured by laminating a first semiconductor chip and a second semiconductor chip.
- an image sensor in a semi-finished state that is, a pixel region 23 and a control region 24 are formed in each region of the first semiconductor substrate 31. Since this formation process is the same as that of the embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the multilayer wiring layer 41 is formed on the first semiconductor substrate 31, but the process ends when the uppermost wiring 40 is formed. That is, the uppermost wiring 40 is exposed, and the protective film 42 shown in FIG. 5 is not formed thereon.
- an atomic / molecular diffusion prevention film 99 suitable for terminating a dangling bond on a semiconductor surface such as hydrogen is formed on the interlayer insulating film 39, for example.
- a SiN film formed by plasma CVD having a film thickness of about 500 to 1500 ⁇ m is used.
- an interlayer insulating film 39 is also formed on the diffusion preventing film 99.
- a logic circuit 25 for signal processing in a semi-finished product state is formed in each region of the second semiconductor substrate 45. Since this forming process is the same as that of the embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the multilayer wiring layer 55 is formed on the second semiconductor substrate 45, but the process ends when the uppermost layer wiring 53 is formed. That is, the uppermost wiring 53 is exposed, and the protective film 56 shown in FIG. 6 is not formed thereon.
- the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the second semiconductor substrate 45 are joined to each other with the wiring 40 and the wiring 53 so that the multilayer wiring layer 41 and the multilayer wiring layer 55 face each other, and the interlayer insulating film 39. And the interlayer insulating film 49 are bonded together.
- the wiring 40 and the wiring 53 are copper (Cu) wiring
- the interlayer insulating film 39 and the interlayer insulating film 49 are silicon oxide films.
- the semiconductor substrate 31 and the semiconductor substrate 45 are overlaid so that the wiring 40 and the wiring 53 are in direct contact with each other, and the wiring 40 and the wiring 53 are directly joined by heating while applying a required weight.
- the interlayer insulating film 39 and the interlayer insulating film 49 are also bonded.
- the heating temperature at the time of joining is set to a temperature that does not damage the Cu wiring, for example, about 200 to 400 ° C.
- hydrogen is supplied from the second insulating thin film 43b to the interface of the first semiconductor substrate 31 by heat treatment during bonding.
- the diffusion prevention film 99 is arranged below the uppermost wiring 40 (upper side in the drawing) in the first semiconductor substrate 31. . Thereby, the movement of hydrogen atoms / molecules between the stacked semiconductor substrates is suppressed, and the hydrogen concentration of the first semiconductor substrate 31 and the hydrogen concentration of the second semiconductor substrate 45 are leveled. Can be deterred.
- the second insulating thin film 43b provided on the first semiconductor substrate 31 also functions as a hydrogen supply film. Therefore, the hydrogen concentration can be increased only for the first semiconductor substrate 31 without performing a sintering process or the like.
- the second insulating thin film 43b is the hydrogen supply film
- other members may be the hydrogen supply film.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied in a simpler manner.
- the solid-state imaging device 200 to which the present technology is applied is configured as a stacked solid-state imaging device having two active element layers.
- the device layer 201 is disposed on the upper portion that is the light receiving surface of the solid-state imaging device 200, and the device layer 202 is disposed on the lower portion that is opposite to the light receiving surface.
- the device layer 201 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a pixel portion
- the device layer 202 is, for example, a second semiconductor substrate having a logic circuit.
- a diffusion prevention film 203 is inserted between the device layer 201 and the device layer 202.
- the diffusion preventing film 203 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 203 is illustrated as being inserted between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate, but in actuality, the interface in the first semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 203 may be inserted between the interface with the second semiconductor substrate.
- a diffusion prevention film is formed on the interlayer insulating film 39 prior to forming the uppermost wiring 40 of the multilayer wiring layer 41 on the first semiconductor substrate 31. You may be made to do.
- an atom supply film 204 is inserted between the diffusion prevention film 203 and the device layer 201.
- the atom supply film 204 is configured by, for example, the second insulating thin film 43b described above, and supplies hydrogen or the like as dangling bond terminal atoms.
- the second insulating thin film 43b is an example of the atom supply film 204, and the atom supply film 204 may be configured by other members.
- the device layer 201 and the atom supply film 204 constitute an active element layer A
- the device layer 202 constitutes an active element layer B
- the diffusion prevention film 203 is inserted between the active element layer A and the active element layer B.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the pixel portion.
- a contrivance may be made to reduce the concentration of dangling bond termination atoms in the active element layer having no pixel portion.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram simply illustrating another configuration example of the solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied.
- the solid-state imaging device 220 to which the present technology is applied is also configured as a stacked solid-state imaging device having two active element layers.
- the device layer 221 is disposed on the upper portion that is the light receiving surface of the solid-state imaging device 220, and the device layer 222 is disposed on the lower portion that is opposite to the light receiving surface.
- the device layer 221 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a pixel portion, and the device layer 222 is, for example, a second semiconductor substrate having a logic circuit.
- a diffusion prevention film 223 is inserted between the device layer 221 and the device layer 222.
- the diffusion preventing film 223 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 223 is illustrated as being inserted between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate, but in actuality, the interface in the first semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 223 may be inserted between the second semiconductor substrate and the interface.
- a diffusion prevention film is formed on the interlayer insulating film 39 prior to forming the uppermost wiring 40 of the multilayer wiring layer 41 on the first semiconductor substrate 31. You may be made to do.
- an atom supply film 224 is inserted between the diffusion prevention film 223 and the device layer 221.
- the atom supply film 224 is configured by, for example, the second insulating thin film 43b described above, and supplies hydrogen or the like as dangling bond termination atoms.
- an atomic storage film 225 is inserted between the diffusion prevention film 223 and the device layer 221.
- the atomic storage film 225 is made of a material suitable for storing dangling bond terminal atoms (for example, hydrogen).
- a barrier metal that covers the metal wiring 53 shown in FIG. 6 can be used as the atomic storage film 225.
- a plurality of layers of metal wirings 53 are formed via the interlayer insulating film 49 so as to be connected to the connection conductors 54 and the connection conductors 51 for taking out the electrodes.
- Layer 55 is formed.
- the metal wiring 53 is formed of copper (Cu) wiring. At this time, each copper wiring is covered with a barrier metal that prevents Cu diffusion.
- a barrier metal that prevents Cu diffusion.
- hydrogen is used as a dangling bond terminal atom
- titanium suitable for storing hydrogen is used as the barrier metal.
- a cap film of the copper wiring 53 that is, a so-called protective film 56 is formed on the multilayer wiring layer 55.
- the atomic storage film 225 shown in FIG. 10 can be constituted by a barrier metal that covers the metal wiring of the second semiconductor substrate.
- barrier metal is an example of the atomic storage film 225, and the atomic storage film 225 may be configured by other members.
- the device layer 221 and the atom supply film 224 constitute an active element layer A
- the device layer 222 constitutes an active element layer B.
- the diffusion prevention film 223 and atoms The occlusion film 225 may be inserted.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the pixel portion, and the concentration of dangling bond termination atoms in the active element layer not having the pixel portion is further reduced. It becomes possible.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram simply showing still another configuration example of the solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied.
- a solid-state imaging device 240 to which the present technology is applied is configured as a stacked solid-state imaging device having three active element layers.
- the device layer 241 is disposed on the upper portion that is the light receiving surface of the solid-state imaging device 240, and the device layer 243 is disposed on the lower portion that is opposite to the light receiving surface, and the device layer 241 and the device layer 243 A device layer 242 is disposed therebetween.
- the device layer 241 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a pixel portion
- the device layer 242 is, for example, a second semiconductor substrate having a logic circuit
- the device layer 243 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a memory circuit. 3 semiconductor substrate.
- the third semiconductor substrate included in the device layer 243 is manufactured in the same manner as the first semiconductor substrate or the second semiconductor substrate, and is replaced with a memory circuit such as a DRAM or SRAM instead of the function of the pixel portion or the logic circuit.
- the semiconductor substrate is patterned in function.
- the solid-state imaging device 240 it is desirable to reduce the interface state of the device layer 243 as in the device layer 241.
- a diffusion prevention film 244 is inserted between the device layer 241 and the device layer 242.
- the diffusion preventing film 244 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 244 is illustrated as being inserted between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate, but in actuality, the interface in the first semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 244 may be inserted between the interface of the second semiconductor substrate.
- an atom supply film 245 is inserted between the diffusion prevention film 244 and the device layer 241.
- the atom supply film 245 supplies hydrogen or the like as dangling bond terminal atoms.
- a diffusion prevention film 246 is inserted between the device layer 242 and the device layer 243.
- the diffusion prevention film 246 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 246 is illustrated as being inserted between the second semiconductor substrate and the third semiconductor substrate, but in actuality, the interface in the second semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 246 may be inserted between the interface in the third semiconductor substrate.
- an atom supply film 247 is inserted between the diffusion prevention film 246 and the device layer 243.
- the atom supply film 245 supplies hydrogen or the like as dangling bond terminal atoms.
- the active layer A is configured by the device layer 241 and the atom supply film 245
- the active element layer B is configured by the device layer 242
- the active element layer C is configured by the device layer 243 and the atom supply film 247.
- the diffusion prevention film 244 may be inserted between the layer A and the active element layer B
- the diffusion prevention film 246 may be inserted between the active element layer B and the active element layer C.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the pixel portion and the active element layer having the memory circuit.
- the solid-state imaging device may be configured without providing an atom supply film.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram simply showing still another configuration example of the solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied.
- the solid-state imaging device 260 to which the present technology is applied is configured as a stacked solid-state imaging device having three active element layers.
- the device layer 261 is disposed on the upper portion that is the light receiving surface of the solid-state imaging device 260, and the device layer 263 is disposed on the lower portion that is opposite to the light receiving surface, and the device layer 261 and the device layer 263 A device layer 262 is disposed therebetween.
- the device layer 261 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a pixel portion
- the device layer 262 is, for example, a second semiconductor substrate having a logic circuit
- the device layer 263 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a memory circuit. 3 semiconductor substrate.
- the third semiconductor substrate included in the device layer 263 is manufactured in the same manner as the first semiconductor substrate or the second semiconductor substrate, and instead of the function of the pixel portion or the logic circuit, a memory circuit such as a DRAM or SRAM is used.
- the semiconductor substrate is patterned in function.
- the solid-state imaging device 260 it is desirable to reduce the interface state of the device layer 263 similarly to the device layer 261.
- a diffusion prevention film 264 is inserted between the device layer 261 and the device layer 262.
- the diffusion prevention film 264 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 264 is illustrated as being inserted between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate, but in actuality, the interface in the first semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 264 may be inserted between the second semiconductor substrate and the interface.
- the atom supply film is not inserted between the diffusion prevention film 264 and the device layer 261.
- a diffusion prevention film 266 is inserted between the device layer 262 and the device layer 263.
- the diffusion prevention film 266 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 266 is illustrated as being inserted between the second semiconductor substrate and the third semiconductor substrate, but in practice, the interface in the second semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 266 may be inserted between the interface with the third semiconductor substrate.
- the atom supply film is not inserted between the diffusion prevention film 266 and the device layer 263.
- the active element layer A is constituted by the device layer 261
- the active element layer B is constituted by the device layer 262
- the active element layer C is constituted by the device layer 263, and the active element layer A and the active element layer B are interposed.
- the diffusion preventing film 264 may be inserted between the active element layer B and the active element layer C.
- a hydrogen sintering process at about 200 to 400 ° C. is performed to reduce the interface state between the device layer 261 and the device layer 263. .
- hydrogen hardly penetrates into the device layer 262 sandwiched between the diffusion prevention film 264 and the diffusion prevention film 266.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the pixel portion and the active element layer having the memory circuit.
- the atomic supply film may not be inserted even in a stacked solid-state imaging device having two active element layers.
- the atom supply film 204 may not be inserted.
- the present technology can also be applied to devices other than the solid-state imaging device.
- the present technology can be applied to a bipolar device such as a wireless transceiver.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram simply showing a configuration example of a bipolar device to which the present technology is applied.
- the bipolar device 280 to which the present technology is applied is configured as, for example, a stacked wireless transceiver having two active element layers.
- the device layer 281 is disposed on the upper part of the bipolar device 280, and the device layer 282 is disposed on the lower part.
- the device layer 281 is, for example, a first semiconductor substrate having a bipolar element
- the device layer 282 is, for example, a second semiconductor substrate having a logic circuit.
- the bipolar device 280 it is desirable that only the device layer 281 reduce the interface state.
- a diffusion prevention film 283 is inserted between the device layer 281 and the device layer 282.
- the diffusion preventing film 283 is a film made of a material suitable for preventing diffusion of a substance (for example, hydrogen) used for reducing the interface state.
- the diffusion prevention film 283 is illustrated as being inserted between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate, but in actuality, the interface in the first semiconductor substrate, The diffusion prevention film 283 may be inserted between the interface with the second semiconductor substrate.
- an atom supply film 284 is inserted between the diffusion prevention film 283 and the device layer 281.
- the atom supply film 284 supplies, for example, hydrogen as dangling bond terminal atoms.
- the active element layer A is configured by the device layer 281 and the atom supply film 284, the active element layer B is configured by the device layer 282, and the diffusion prevention film 283 is inserted between the active element layer A and the active element layer B.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the bipolar element.
- the diffusion preventing film is an SiN (denoted as P-SiN) film formed by plasma CVD.
- a SiN (denoted as LP-SiN) film formed by LP-CVD has a higher hydrogen diffusion preventing effect than a P-SiN film.
- the diffusion preventing film formed using LP-SiN has a high film density and is about 2.7 g / cm to 3.5 g / cm.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the pixel portion, and dangling bond termination atoms of the active element layer not having the pixel portion can be reduced.
- the effect of the present technology of lowering the concentration of can be further increased.
- LP-CVD film formation is performed at a higher temperature than in the case of plasma CVD.
- a film forming process is performed at about 400 ° C.
- a film forming process at a high temperature exceeding 600 ° C. is performed.
- a film forming process at a high temperature exceeding 600 ° C. affects a metal wiring formed as a copper thin film on a semiconductor substrate. That is, there is a concern that device characteristics deteriorate due to diffusion of copper at a high temperature.
- a plurality of layers of metal wirings 40 are formed via the interlayer insulating film 39 to form the multilayer wiring layer 41, and after forming the protective film 42 on the multilayer wiring layer 41, It has been described that the diffusion prevention film 99a is formed.
- the diffusion prevention film is desirably formed after the metal wiring is formed. If a metal wiring is to be formed after forming a diffusion prevention film, a hole for wiring or the like must be provided in the diffusion prevention film, and hydrogen diffuses through such a hole. It is.
- a solid-state imaging device is manufactured by the following process.
- 14 to 17 are diagrams for explaining the manufacturing process of the solid-state imaging device when LP-SiN is used as the diffusion preventing film.
- This solid-state imaging device is configured by stacking semiconductor substrates.
- a device layer 301 which is a semiconductor substrate constituting the active element layer B is manufactured. It is assumed that a wiring layer 301a having metal wiring is already formed in the device layer 301.
- the wiring layer 301a corresponds to, for example, the multilayer wiring layer 55 in FIG.
- a high temperature film 303 is formed on the support substrate 302.
- the high temperature film represents a diffusion prevention film using LP-SiN
- the support substrate 302 is, for example, plate-like silicon that does not include metal wiring or the like.
- the diffusion prevention film using LP-SiN is formed by a high-temperature film formation process using LP-CVD.
- the support substrate 302 does not include metal wiring or the like, it is formed at a high temperature. There is no problem even if it forms a film.
- the support substrate 302 on which the high temperature film 303 is formed is referred to as a dummy element layer.
- the active element layer B and the dummy element layer are bonded together.
- the bonding is performed by, for example, the above-described plasma bonding or bonding with an adhesive. Note that plasma bonding is performed by a low-temperature process of 400 ° C. or lower that does not affect wiring and the like.
- the active element layer B and the dummy element layer are bonded so that the wiring layer 301 a and the high temperature film 303 form a bonding surface.
- the support substrate 302 is polished and removed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 16, the high temperature film 303 is formed on the active element layer B.
- the active element layer A is bonded onto the high temperature film 303.
- the active element layer A is composed of a device layer 305 that is a semiconductor substrate, and a wiring layer 305 a having metal wiring is already formed in the device layer 305.
- the wiring layer 305a corresponds to, for example, the multilayer wiring layer 41 in FIG.
- the bonding in FIG. 17 is also performed by, for example, the above-described plasma bonding or bonding with an adhesive. Note that plasma bonding is performed by a low-temperature process of 400 ° C. or lower that does not affect wiring and the like.
- the active element layer A and the high temperature film 303 are bonded so that the wiring layer 305a and the high temperature film 303 form a bonding surface.
- the atom supply film is also inserted between the high temperature film 303 and the device layer 301 (or the device layer 305).
- LP-SiN can be used as a diffusion preventing film without affecting the metal wiring.
- the interface state can be reduced only in the active element layer having the pixel portion, and the effect of the present technology of reducing the concentration of dangling bond termination atoms in the active element layer not having the pixel portion can be achieved. , Can be raised more.
- the diffusion preventing film when P-SiN is used as the diffusion preventing film, a film thickness of about 500 nm to 1500 nm is required to obtain the diffusion preventing ability. However, if the diffusion preventing film is thick, it is difficult to form the through-hole. .
- the diffusion prevention capability can be obtained if the film thickness is about 20 nm to 150 nm, so that the through-connection hole can be easily formed. For example, the yield of the solid-state imaging device is increased. improves.
- the wiring layers of the active element layer A and the active element layer B face each other with the high temperature film 303 serving as a diffusion preventing film interposed therebetween.
- the semiconductor substrates may be stacked in a different manner.
- a solid-state imaging device may be configured by stacking semiconductor substrates as shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 18, the wiring layer 301a of the active element layer B and the surface located on the opposite side of the wiring layer 305a of the active element layer A are opposed to each other with the high temperature film 303 serving as a diffusion preventing film interposed therebetween.
- a semiconductor substrate may be stacked to constitute a solid-state imaging device.
- FIGS. 17 to 19 an example in which a solid-state imaging device is configured by stacking two semiconductor substrates has been described.
- a solid-state imaging device may be configured by stacking three semiconductor substrates. .
- a solid-state imaging device may be configured by stacking three semiconductor substrates.
- an active element layer C including a device layer 307 on which a wiring layer 307a is formed is laminated.
- the active element layer A and the active element layer B are configured, and the surface of the active element layer B opposite to the wiring layer 301a and the wiring of the active element layer C
- the layers 307a are laminated so as to face each other.
- a high temperature film may be provided between the active element layer B and the active element layer C.
- the active element layer A and the active element layer B are opposed to each other with the high temperature film 303 serving as a diffusion prevention film interposed therebetween, and further, the high temperature film 304 serving as a diffusion prevention film is interposed between the active element layer A and the active element layer B.
- the surface of the element layer B located on the opposite side of the wiring layer 301a is opposed to the wiring layer 307a of the active element layer C.
- the present technology has been described as applied to a solid-state imaging device, but the present technology can also be applied to devices other than the solid-state imaging device.
- the present technology can be applied to a bipolar device such as a wireless transceiver.
- the high temperature film may be constituted by SiN (expressed as ALD-SiN) formed by CVD.
- the present technology is not limited to application to a solid-state imaging device such as an image sensor. That is, the present technology is applied to an image capturing unit (photoelectric conversion unit) such as an imaging device such as a digital still camera or a video camera, a portable terminal device having an imaging function, or a copying machine using a solid-state imaging device as an image reading unit.
- an image capturing unit photoelectric conversion unit
- an imaging device such as a digital still camera or a video camera
- a portable terminal device having an imaging function such as a digital still camera or a video camera
- a portable terminal device having an imaging function such as a portable terminal device having an imaging function
- a copying machine using a solid-state imaging device as an image reading unit.
- the present invention can be applied to all electronic devices using a solid-state imaging device.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a camera device as an electronic apparatus to which the present technology is applied.
- the 22 includes an optical unit 601 including a lens group, a solid-state imaging device (imaging device) 602 in which each configuration of the pixel 2 described above is employed, and a DSP circuit 603 that is a camera signal processing circuit.
- the camera device 600 also includes a frame memory 604, a display unit 605, a recording unit 606, an operation unit 607, and a power supply unit 608.
- the DSP circuit 603, the frame memory 604, the display unit 605, the recording unit 606, the operation unit 607, and the power supply unit 608 are connected to each other via a bus line 609.
- the optical unit 601 takes in incident light (image light) from a subject and forms an image on the imaging surface of the solid-state imaging device 602.
- the solid-state imaging device 602 converts the amount of incident light imaged on the imaging surface by the optical unit 601 into an electrical signal in units of pixels and outputs it as a pixel signal.
- the solid-state imaging device 602 the solid-state imaging device according to the above-described embodiment can be used.
- the display unit 605 includes a panel type display device such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) panel, and displays a moving image or a still image captured by the solid-state imaging device 602.
- the recording unit 606 records a moving image or a still image captured by the solid-state imaging device 602 on a recording medium such as a video tape or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk).
- the operation unit 607 issues operation commands for various functions of the camera device 600 under the operation of the user.
- the power supply unit 608 appropriately supplies various power sources serving as operation power sources for the DSP circuit 603, the frame memory 604, the display unit 605, the recording unit 606, and the operation unit 607 to these supply targets.
- the present technology is not limited to application to a solid-state imaging device that senses the distribution of the amount of incident light of visible light and captures it as an image.
- solid-state imaging devices physical quantity distribution detection devices
- fingerprint detection sensors that detect the distribution of other physical quantities such as pressure and capacitance and capture images as images.
- this technology can also take the following structures.
- Semiconductor device (2) The semiconductor device according to (1), wherein the interface state of the first semiconductor substrate is less than the interface state of the second semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor device according to (2) wherein an atom supply film that supplies the dangling bond terminal atoms is further inserted between the first semiconductor substrate and the diffusion prevention film.
- the dangling bond termination atom is hydrogen;
- the semiconductor device according to (3) wherein an insulating thin film in the first semiconductor substrate configured by a silicon nitride thin film is used as the atom supply film.
- the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are in a state where an atomic storage film that stores the dangling bond terminal atoms is further inserted between the diffusion prevention film and the second semiconductor substrate.
- the dangling bond termination atom is hydrogen;
- (7) Configured as a solid-state imaging device, The semiconductor device according to any one of (2) to (6), wherein a pixel portion is formed on the first semiconductor substrate and a logic circuit is formed on the second semiconductor substrate.
- the second semiconductor substrate is disposed between the first semiconductor substrate and the third semiconductor substrate;
- a diffusion preventing film for preventing diffusion of the dangling bond terminal atoms is further inserted between the interface of the second semiconductor substrate and the interface of the third semiconductor substrate, the first semiconductor
- the diffusion prevention film is a SiN film formed by plasma CVD.
- the diffusion preventing film is formed on a support substrate by a film forming process at 600 ° C.
- the diffusion-preventing film formed on the support substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are bonded, the support substrate is polished and removed, The first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are stacked in a state where the diffusion prevention film is inserted between the interface of the first semiconductor substrate and the interface of the second semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor device according to 1). (11) The semiconductor device according to (10), wherein the diffusion prevention film is a SiN film formed by LP-CVD. (12) The semiconductor device according to (10), wherein a film density of the diffusion preventing film is set to 2.7 g / cm to 3.5 g / cm. (13) The thickness of the said diffusion prevention film shall be 150 nm or less.
- the multilayer wiring layers of the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are stacked to face each other.
- the multilayer wiring layers of the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are stacked so as not to face each other.
- An electronic device having a semiconductor device.
- 1 solid-state imaging device 31 first semiconductor substrate, 45 second semiconductor substrate, 99 diffusion prevention film, 200 solid-state imaging device, 201 device layer, 202 device layer, 203 diffusion prevention film, 204 atom supply film, 221 device layer , 222 device layer, 223 anti-diffusion film, 224 atomic supply film, 225 atomic storage film, 240 solid-state imaging device, 241 device layer, 242 device layer, 243 device layer, 244 anti-diffusion film, 245 atomic supply film, 246 anti-diffusion film Film, 247 atom supply film, 301 device layer, 301a wiring layer, 302 support substrate, 303 high temperature film, 304 high temperature film, 305 device layer, 305a wiring layer, 307 device layer, 307a distribution Layer
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Abstract
Description
第1の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板により提供される機能とは異なる機能を提供する第2の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板および前記第2の半導体基板の界面準位を減少させるために用いられるダングリングボンド終端原子の拡散を防止する拡散防止膜とを備え、
少なくとも2枚の半導体基板が積層されて、各半導体基板が電気的に接続され、
前記拡散防止膜が、前記第1の半導体基板の界面と、前記第2の半導体基板の界面との間に挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される
半導体装置。
(2)
前記第1の半導体基板の界面準位が前記第2の半導体基板の界面準位より少ない
(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(3)
前記第1の半導体基板と前記拡散防止膜との間に、前記ダングリングボンド終端原子を供給する原子供給膜がさらに挿入される
(2)に記載の半導体装置。
(4)
前記ダングリングボンド終端原子は水素であり、
シリコン窒化物薄膜により構成される、前記第1の半導体基板内の絶縁薄膜を、前記原子供給膜として用いる
(3)に記載の半導体装置。
(5)
前記拡散防止膜と前記第2の半導体基板との間に、前記ダングリングボンド終端原子を吸蔵する原子吸蔵膜がさらに挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される
(2)乃至(4)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(6)
前記ダングリングボンド終端原子は水素であり、
チタンにより構成される、前記第2の半導体基板内の多層配線層、または取り出し電極を覆うバリアメタルを、前記原子吸蔵膜として用いる
(5)に記載の半導体装置。
(7)
固体撮像装置として構成され、
前記第1の半導体基板に画素部が形成され、前記第2の半導体基板にロジック回路が形成される
(2)乃至(6)のいずれかに記載の半導体装置。
(8)
メモリ回路が形成される第3の半導体基板をさらに備え、
前記第1の半導体基板と前記第3の半導体基板の間に前記第2の半導体基板が配置され、
前記第2の半導体基板の界面と、前記第3の半導体基板の界面との間に、前記ダングリングボンド終端原子の拡散を防止する拡散防止膜がさらに挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板乃至前記第3の半導体基板が積層される
(7)に記載の半導体装置。
(9)
前記拡散防止膜は、プラズマCVDにより形成されたSiN膜とされる
(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(10)
前記拡散防止膜が600℃以上の成膜処理によって支持基板上に成膜され、
前記支持基板上に成膜された前記拡散防止膜と前記第2の半導体基板とが接合され、前記支持基板が研磨されて除去され、
前記第1の半導体基板の界面と前記第2の半導体基板の界面との間に前記拡散防止膜が挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される
(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(11)
前記拡散防止膜は、LP-CVDにより形成されたSiN膜とされる
(10)に記載の半導体装置。
(12)
前記拡散防止膜の膜密度が2.7g/cm乃至3.5g/cmとされる
(10)に記載の半導体装置。
(13)
前記拡散防止膜の厚さが150nm以下とされる
(10)に記載の半導体装置。
(14)
前記拡散防止膜は、ALD-CVDにより形成されたSiN膜とされる
(10)に記載の半導体装置。
(15)
前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板の多層配線層どうしが対向して積層される
(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(16)
前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板の多層配線層どうしが対向しないように積層される
(1)に記載の半導体装置。
(17)
第1の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板により提供される機能とは異なる機能を提供する第2の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板および前記第2の半導体基板の界面準位を減少させるために用いられるダングリングボンド終端原子の拡散を防止する拡散防止膜とを備え、
少なくとも2枚の半導体基板が積層されて、各半導体基板が電気的に接続され、
前記拡散防止膜が、前記第1の半導体基板の界面と、前記第2の半導体基板の界面との間に挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される半導体装置を有する
電子機器。
Claims (17)
- 第1の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板により提供される機能とは異なる機能を提供する第2の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板および前記第2の半導体基板の界面準位を減少させるために用いられるダングリングボンド終端原子の拡散を防止する拡散防止膜とを備え、
少なくとも2枚の半導体基板が積層されて、各半導体基板が電気的に接続され、
前記拡散防止膜が、前記第1の半導体基板の界面と、前記第2の半導体基板の界面との間に挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される
半導体装置。 - 前記第1の半導体基板の界面準位が前記第2の半導体基板の界面準位より少ない
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の半導体基板と前記拡散防止膜との間に、前記ダングリングボンド終端原子を供給する原子供給膜がさらに挿入される
請求項2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ダングリングボンド終端原子は水素であり、
シリコン窒化物薄膜により構成される、前記第1の半導体基板内の絶縁薄膜を、前記原子供給膜として用いる
請求項3に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜と前記第2の半導体基板との間に、前記ダングリングボンド終端原子を吸蔵する原子吸蔵膜がさらに挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される
請求項2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記ダングリングボンド終端原子は水素であり、
チタンにより構成される、前記第2の半導体基板内の多層配線層、または取り出し電極を覆うバリアメタルを、前記原子吸蔵膜として用いる
請求項5に記載の半導体装置。 - 固体撮像装置として構成され、
前記第1の半導体基板に画素部が形成され、前記第2の半導体基板にロジック回路が形成される
請求項2に記載の半導体装置。 - メモリ回路が形成される第3の半導体基板をさらに備え、
前記第1の半導体基板と前記第3の半導体基板の間に前記第2の半導体基板が配置され、
前記第2の半導体基板の界面と、前記第3の半導体基板の界面との間に、前記ダングリングボンド終端原子の拡散を防止する拡散防止膜がさらに挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板乃至前記第3の半導体基板が積層される
請求項7に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜は、プラズマCVDにより形成されたSiN膜とされる
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜が600℃以上の成膜処理によって支持基板上に成膜され、
前記支持基板上に成膜された前記拡散防止膜と前記第2の半導体基板とが接合され、前記支持基板が研磨されて除去され、
前記第1の半導体基板の界面と前記第2の半導体基板の界面との間に前記拡散防止膜が挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜は、LP-CVDにより形成されたSiN膜とされる
請求項10に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜の膜密度が2.7g/cm乃至3.5g/cmとされる
請求項10に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜の厚さが150nm以下とされる
請求項10に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記拡散防止膜は、ALD-CVDにより形成されたSiN膜とされる
請求項10に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板の多層配線層どうしが対向して積層される
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板の多層配線層どうしが対向しないように積層される
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板により提供される機能とは異なる機能を提供する第2の半導体基板と、
前記第1の半導体基板および前記第2の半導体基板の界面準位を減少させるために用いられるダングリングボンド終端原子の拡散を防止する拡散防止膜とを備え、
少なくとも2枚の半導体基板が積層されて、各半導体基板が電気的に接続され、
前記拡散防止膜が、前記第1の半導体基板の界面と、前記第2の半導体基板の界面との間に挿入された状態で、前記第1の半導体基板と前記第2の半導体基板が積層される半導体装置を有する
電子機器。
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US11569287B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
US9362325B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 |
KR102133067B1 (ko) | 2020-07-10 |
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US20150221694A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
TW201413926A (zh) | 2014-04-01 |
US20200006416A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
CN104662662B (zh) | 2017-09-08 |
US20160247851A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
CN104662662A (zh) | 2015-05-27 |
TWI595637B (zh) | 2017-08-11 |
US10431620B2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
US20180053802A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
US9818784B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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