WO2012132317A1 - 減圧装置および冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
減圧装置および冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012132317A1 WO2012132317A1 PCT/JP2012/001917 JP2012001917W WO2012132317A1 WO 2012132317 A1 WO2012132317 A1 WO 2012132317A1 JP 2012001917 W JP2012001917 W JP 2012001917W WO 2012132317 A1 WO2012132317 A1 WO 2012132317A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- swirling
- flow rate
- space
- decompression device
- Prior art date
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 551
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 106
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 60
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
- F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
- B60H2001/3298—Ejector-type refrigerant circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
- F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a decompression device applied to a refrigeration cycle apparatus and a refrigeration cycle apparatus including the same.
- the pressure is reduced by a compressor that compresses and discharges at least the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the outside air to dissipate heat, a decompression device that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, and a decompressor.
- a vapor compression refrigeration cycle apparatus including, as a constituent element, an evaporator that exchanges heat with the blown air that is blown into the air-conditioning target space to evaporate the refrigerant.
- the state of the refrigerant flowing into the decompression device changes from the gas-liquid two-phase state to the liquid-phase state, or from the liquid-phase state to the gas-liquid two-phase.
- the state may change to cross the saturated gas line.
- Such a change in the state of the refrigerant straddling the saturated gas line is accompanied by a large change in the density of the refrigerant, and thus may greatly change the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the decompression device.
- a radiator that cools the refrigerant until it reaches a supercooled liquid phase state and flows out to the decompression device side is known. Yes. Further, in this type of subcooled condenser, by cooling the refrigerant until it reaches a supercooled liquid phase state, the enthalpy of the evaporator inlet side refrigerant can be reduced, and the refrigeration capacity exhibited by the evaporator can be expanded.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 in order to change the state of the refrigerant flowing into the nozzle portion of the ejector as a decompression device into a gas-liquid two-phase state, liquid phase refrigerant and gas phase refrigerant are caused to flow into the nozzle portion of the ejector.
- a configuration is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 also discloses that by causing a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant to flow into the nozzle portion of the ejector, boiling of the refrigerant in the nozzle portion can be promoted, and the nozzle efficiency can be improved. Yes.
- the nozzle efficiency is defined as the energy conversion efficiency when the pressure energy of the refrigerant is converted into kinetic energy in the nozzle portion.
- the refrigerant cannot be cooled until it reaches a supercooled liquid phase state.
- the state of the refrigerant flowing into the gas phase becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state. Therefore, it is difficult to reliably stabilize the refrigerant flow rate flowing out from the decompression device.
- the present disclosure has a first object to provide a decompression device that can suppress fluctuations in the flow rate of refrigerant flowing out to the downstream side with a simple configuration.
- a second object of the present disclosure is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a decompression device that can suppress fluctuations in the flow rate of refrigerant flowing out to the downstream side with a simple configuration.
- the decompression device applied to the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigerant inflow port through which the refrigerant flows in, a refrigerant outflow port through which the depressurized refrigerant flows out, and the refrigerant that has flowed in from the refrigerant inflow port. And a main body that forms a swirl space for swirling.
- the refrigerant outlet is configured to have a throttle that reduces the refrigerant passage area and depressurizes the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant swirling in the swirling space is a gas-phase refrigerant on the inner peripheral side rather than the outer peripheral side of the swirling center line.
- the swirl space is configured to swirl at a swirling flow velocity in which a large amount of swirl exists.
- the refrigerant outlet is disposed on an extension line of the turning center line.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the swirling space from the refrigerant inlet is swirled at a swirling flow velocity at which the gas-phase refrigerant increases from the outer peripheral side of the swirling center line to the inner peripheral side, and the refrigerant outlet is swirled. Since it is arranged on the extended line of the center line, the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant with a large gas phase ratio can be discharged from the refrigerant outlet while reducing the pressure.
- the refrigerant flowing into the swirling space from the refrigerant inlet is in a gas-liquid two-phase state
- the liquid phase refrigerant with high density is unevenly distributed on the outer peripheral side of the swirling center by the action of centrifugal force.
- More gas phase refrigerant is present on the inner peripheral side than on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state can be allowed to flow out while being decompressed from the refrigerant outlet arranged on the extension line of the turning center line.
- the refrigerant pressure near the swirling center line is reduced to a pressure at which the refrigerant boils under reduced pressure (causes cavitation) by the action of centrifugal force.
- it can be set as the state where there exists much gaseous-phase refrigerant
- the gas-liquid mixed phase refrigerant can be discharged from the refrigerant outlet while reducing the pressure.
- the refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed phase state does not mean only the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state, but also includes the refrigerant in a state where bubbles are mixed in the refrigerant in the supercooled liquid phase state.
- the refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed phase can be flowed out from the refrigerant outlet regardless of the state of the refrigerant flowing in from the refrigerant inlet.
- a decompression device that can suppress fluctuations in the flow rate of the refrigerant that flows out to the downstream side with a simple configuration without complicating the cycle configuration.
- the turning center line is not necessarily limited to one formed in a straight line, but includes one formed in a curved line depending on the shape of the swirling space and the swirling flow velocity of the refrigerant swirling in the swirling space.
- the turning center is the place where the pressure of the refrigerant is the lowest
- the turning center line is a line connecting the places where the pressure is the lowest in the cross section perpendicular to the opening direction of the refrigerant outlet in the turning space. It can also be expressed as
- the swirling flow velocity means the flow velocity of the swirling direction component of the refrigerant at a predetermined location on the vertical section of the swirling center line.
- the flow velocity in the swirling direction of the refrigerant on the outermost peripheral side of the swirling space can be adopted. Accordingly, the swirling flow velocity varies depending on the cross-sectional shape or cross-sectional area of the swirling space.
- the swirling space may be formed including a tapered space whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases in the opening direction of the refrigerant outlet.
- the refrigerant outlet is connected to the divergent taper portion that gradually increases the refrigerant passage area of the refrigerant passage on the downstream side, and further, by the refrigerant injected from the divergent taper portion.
- You may provide the body part in which the refrigerant
- the so-called Laval nozzle can be configured by changing the passage cross-sectional area of the refrigerant passage formed by the tapered space, the refrigerant outlet and the divergent taper portion, and the body portion is provided, the entire decompression device is The function as an ejector can be exhibited.
- a capillary tube may be connected to the refrigerant outlet.
- the decompression device may include a turning flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts the turning flow rate.
- the swirling flow rate adjusting unit may be configured by an inflow side flow rate adjusting valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the swirling space from the refrigerant inflow port.
- the main body portion is provided with the auxiliary refrigerant inlet that allows the refrigerant to flow into the swirling space, and the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirling space from the refrigerant inlet and the auxiliary
- the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space from the refrigerant inlet is in a different direction
- the swirl flow rate adjusting unit adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet into the swirl space.
- at least one may be comprised among the auxiliary inflow side flow regulating valves which adjust the flow volume of the refrigerant
- the swirling flow rate adjustment unit may be configured with an outflow-side flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus may include the above-described decompression apparatus. According to this, it is possible to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus including a decompression device that can suppress fluctuations in the flow rate of the refrigerant that flows out to the downstream side with a simple configuration.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 including a decompression device 14 of the present embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 is applied to a vehicle air conditioner, and is configured to cool blown air that is blown into a vehicle interior that is an air-conditioning target space.
- the compressor 12 sucks the refrigerant and discharges it until it becomes a high-pressure refrigerant.
- the compressor 12 of the present embodiment is an electric compressor configured by housing a fixed capacity type compression mechanism 12a and an electric motor 12b for driving the compression mechanism 12a in a common housing.
- the compression mechanism 12a various compression mechanisms such as a scroll type compression mechanism and a vane type compression mechanism can be adopted.
- the electric motor 12b is controlled in its operation (number of rotations) by a control signal output from a control device to be described later, and may adopt either an AC motor or a DC motor.
- the refrigerant inlet side of the condenser 13 a of the radiator 13 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor 12.
- the radiator 13 is a heat exchanger for radiating heat to dissipate and cool the high-pressure refrigerant by exchanging heat between the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 12 and the outside air (outside air) blown by the cooling fan 13a. is there.
- the radiator 13 is a condensing unit that exchanges heat between the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant discharged from the compressor 12 and the outside air blown from the cooling fan 13a, and radiates and condenses the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant.
- 13a a receiver unit 13b that separates the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing out from the condensing unit 13a and stores the liquid-phase refrigerant, and a liquid phase refrigerant that flows out from the receiver unit 13b and the outside air blown from the cooling fan 13a exchange heat.
- This is a so-called subcool type condenser having a supercooling section 13c for supercooling the liquid phase refrigerant.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 of the present embodiment employs an HFC refrigerant (specifically, R134a) as the refrigerant, and constitutes a subcritical refrigeration cycle apparatus in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant. is doing.
- an HFO-based refrigerant specifically, R1234yf
- R1234yf an HFO-based refrigerant or the like may be adopted as long as it is a refrigerant constituting the subcritical refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the cooling fan 13a is an electric blower in which the rotation speed (the amount of blown air) is controlled by a control voltage output from the control device.
- a refrigerant inlet 141 of the decompression device 14 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the supercooling portion 13 c of the radiator 13.
- the decompression device 14 is a decompression unit that decompresses the supercooled high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 13 and flows it downstream.
- FIGS. 2A is a sectional view in the axial direction of the decompression device 14, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. Furthermore, the up and down arrows in FIGS. 2A and 2B indicate the up and down directions in a state where the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 is applied to a vehicle air conditioner.
- the decompression device 14 includes a main body 140 that forms a swirl space SS in which the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet 141 is swirled.
- the main body 140 is constituted by a metal hollow container formed in a substantially conical shape whose outer shape tapers toward the vertically lower side.
- the swirl space SS formed inside the main body 140 is also formed to include a conical (tapered) space along the external shape of the main body 140.
- the refrigerant inflow port 141 is provided on the conical side surface of the main body 140 on the side where the axial vertical sectional area of the conical space is large (the upper side in this embodiment), and when viewed from the upper side, As shown in FIG. 2B, the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space SS and the tangential direction of the axially vertical cross section of the swirl space SS having a substantially circular shape coincide with each other.
- the refrigerant flowing in from the refrigerant inflow port 141 flows along the inner wall surface of the main body 140 as shown by the thick arrows in FIGS. 2A and 2B and swirls in the swirling space SS.
- the refrigerant inlet 141 does not have to be provided so that the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space SS completely coincides with the tangential direction of the axial vertical section of the swirl space SS, and at least the swirl space SS
- An axial component of the swirl space SS may be included as long as it includes a tangential component of the axial vertical cross section.
- the refrigerant outlet 142 is provided on one end side in the axial direction (the lower side in the present embodiment) that becomes the conical top portion of the main body 140, and the outflow direction of the refrigerant flowing out of the swirl space SS is that of the swirl space SS. It is arranged substantially coaxially with the axial direction. Therefore, the swirling space SS of the present embodiment is formed to include a tapered space in which the axial vertical sectional area of the swirling space SS gradually decreases toward the opening direction of the refrigerant outlet 142.
- the swirl space SS of the present embodiment is a space having a shape in which a columnar space and a conical space are coaxially coupled. Therefore, when a line connecting the swirling centers of the refrigerant swirling in the swirling space SS is defined as a swirling center line CL, the swirling center line CL is not always a straight line due to a disturbance of the refrigerant flow or the like. It almost coincides with the axial direction of SS. Therefore, the refrigerant outlet 142 of the present embodiment is disposed on an extension line on one end side of the turning center line CL.
- the swirl space SS is formed to include a tapered space, swirling of the refrigerant swirling on the side where the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction becomes smaller (one end side of the swirl center line CL) in the tapered space.
- the flow velocity and the swirling flow velocity of the refrigerant swirling on the side where the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction becomes larger (the other end side of the swiveling center line CL) in the tapered space have different values.
- the flow velocity in the swirl direction of the refrigerant in the vicinity of the outermost periphery of the swirl space SS in the vertical section of the swirl center line CL is adopted as the swirl flow velocity.
- the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the turning center line CL becomes lower than the outer peripheral side of the turning center line CL. Since the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the turning center line CL decreases as the centrifugal force increases, the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the turning center line CL increases as the turning flow speed of the refrigerant turning in the turning space SS increases. Decreases.
- the passage sectional area of the refrigerant inlet 141 is Ain
- the passage sectional area of the refrigerant outlet 142 is Aout
- the maximum sectional area perpendicular to the axial direction of the swirl space SS that is, FIG. 2.
- Ain, Aout, and Ass are determined so as to satisfy the following formulas F1 and F2, where As is the sectional area of the swirling space SS in (a).
- Ain / Aout is about 2
- Ass / Aout is about 10.
- Ain / Aout in Formula F1 is the ratio of the passage sectional area of the refrigerant inlet 141 to the passage sectional area of the first refrigerant outlet 142, the refrigerant inlet 141 decreases as Ain / Aout decreases.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space SS increases, and the flow rate of the refrigerant swirling in the swirl space SS can be increased.
- Ain / Aout has an appropriate range for sufficiently reducing the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the turning center line CL in the turning space SS.
- Ass / Aout in the formula F2 is a ratio of the maximum cross-sectional area of the swirling space SS to the passage cross-sectional area of the refrigerant outlet 142, and the refrigerant inlet 141 is disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the swirling space SS. Since the outflow port 142 is disposed on the extension of the turning center line CL, it can be used as an index indicating the distance between the turning center and the outermost peripheral side of the turning flow. Further, in order to sufficiently grow the swirling flow of the refrigerant swirling in the swirling space SS, it is desirable to secure a sufficient distance between the swirling center and the outermost periphery of the swirling flow.
- the present inventors conducted a confirmation test. As shown in FIG. 3, Ain, so as to satisfy Formulas F1 and F2, regardless of the state of the refrigerant flowing in from the refrigerant inlet 141, By determining Aout and Ass, even when the supercooled liquid phase refrigerant flows from the refrigerant inlet 141, the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the turning center line CL is reduced until the refrigerant boils under reduced pressure (that is, cavitation occurs). It has been confirmed that a swirling flow velocity can be reduced.
- the refrigerant outlet 142 refrigerant passage cross-sectional area is the smallest in the refrigerant passage through which the refrigerant flowing out of the swirling space SS flows. Accordingly, the refrigerant outlet 142 functions as a fixed throttle that reduces the refrigerant passage area and depressurizes the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant outlet 142 is formed at the conical top of the main body 140, the conical inner wall surface of the main body 140 and the refrigerant outlet 142 form a refrigerant passage that functions as a nozzle. . Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the shape of the refrigerant passage increases the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 so as to approach the speed of sound.
- the refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator 15 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 142 of the decompression device 14.
- the evaporator 15 evaporates the low-pressure refrigerant and exhibits an endothermic effect by exchanging heat between the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed when passing through the refrigerant outlet 142 and the blown air blown into the vehicle compartment from the blower fan 15a. This is an endothermic heat exchanger.
- the blower fan 15a is an electric blower in which the number of rotations (the amount of blown air) is controlled by a control voltage output from the control device.
- the outlet side of the evaporator 15 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 12.
- a control device includes a known microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like and its peripheral circuits. This control device performs various calculations and processes based on the control program stored in the ROM, and controls the operations of the above-described various electric actuators 12b, 13a, 15a and the like.
- control device is provided with a detection value of a sensor group (not shown) such as an outside air sensor for detecting an outside air temperature, an inside air temperature sensor for detecting a passenger compartment temperature, an operation switch for operating a vehicle air conditioner, and the like.
- a detection value of a sensor group such as an outside air sensor for detecting an outside air temperature, an inside air temperature sensor for detecting a passenger compartment temperature, an operation switch for operating a vehicle air conditioner, and the like.
- Various operation signals of an operation panel are input.
- control device of the present embodiment is configured integrally with a control unit that controls the operation of various control target devices connected to the output side of the control device.
- a configuration (hardware and software) for controlling the operation constitutes a control unit of each control target device.
- operation of the electric motor 12b of the compressor 12 comprises the discharge capability control part.
- the control device operates the electric motor 12b, the cooling fan 13a, the blower fan 15a, and the like of the compressor 12. Thereby, the compressor 12 sucks the refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it.
- the refrigerant that has dissipated heat in the condensing unit 13a is gas-liquid separated in the receiver unit 13b.
- the liquid phase refrigerant separated from the gas and liquid by the receiver unit 13b exchanges heat with the blown air blown from the cooling fan 13a by the supercooling unit 13c, and further dissipates heat to become a supercooled liquid phase refrigerant.
- the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the turning center line CL decreases as the refrigerant turns.
- the refrigerant in the vicinity of the turning center line CL is boiled under reduced pressure, and the refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed phase flows out from the refrigerant outlet 142 arranged on the extension line of the turning center line CL.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerant outlet 142 is decompressed in an enthalpy manner until it becomes a low-pressure refrigerant when passing through the refrigerant outlet 142.
- the refrigerant decompressed at the refrigerant outlet 142 flows into the evaporator 15 and absorbs heat from the blown air blown by the blower fan 15a to evaporate. Thereby, the blowing air blown into the passenger compartment is cooled.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 15 is sucked into the compressor 12 and compressed again.
- the evaporator 15 can cool the blown air blown into the passenger compartment by exerting an endothermic effect on the refrigerant. Furthermore, since the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 of the present embodiment employs the pressure reducing device 14, even if the state of the refrigerant flowing out from the radiator 13 changes, the refrigerant flow rate flowing out from the pressure reducing device 14 is stabilized. The refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 can exhibit a stable cooling capacity.
- a subcool type condenser is employed as the radiator 13, and therefore the supercooled liquid phase refrigerant can be supplied to the decompression device 14 under the normally assumed operating conditions.
- a subcool type condenser is employed, for example, when the outside temperature suddenly rises, the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 13 and flowing into the decompression device 14 becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state. There is a risk that.
- the refrigerant outlet 142 is provided regardless of whether the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet 141 is in the supercooled liquid phase state or the gas-liquid two phase state.
- the refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed phase state can be discharged while reducing the pressure.
- fluctuations in the flow rate of the refrigerant that flows out downstream can be suppressed.
- the gas phase refrigerant is present more on the inner peripheral side than on the outer peripheral side of the swivel center line CL.
- the change in the refrigerant flow rate can be greatly suppressed.
- the conical inner wall surface of the main body 140 and the refrigerant outlet 142 form a refrigerant passage functioning as a nozzle, and the flow velocity of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 is increased to a high speed close to the sound speed. Even if a disturbance occurs in the refrigerant flow on the downstream side of the refrigerant outlet 142, the disturbance of the refrigerant flow on the downstream side can be prevented from being transmitted into the swirl space SS via the first refrigerant outlet 142.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the swirling space SS through the refrigerant outlet 142 can be further stabilized, and the gas-phase refrigerant in the swirling space SS is more on the inner peripheral side than the outer peripheral side of the swirling center line CL.
- the effect obtained by swirling the refrigerant at a swirling flow velocity in which a large amount of is present can be reliably obtained.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the decompression device 14 with a simple configuration without causing complication of the cycle configuration regardless of the state of the refrigerant flowing in from the refrigerant inlet 141. Can be suppressed.
- the refrigeration cycle device 10 can exhibit a stable cooling capacity.
- FIG. 5 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment.
- the same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. The same applies to the following drawings.
- This inflow-side flow rate adjustment valve 143 changes the refrigerant passage area of the refrigerant inlet 141 and changes the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet 141 into the swirling space SS, thereby turning the refrigerant in the swirling space SS. The flow rate is changed.
- the inflow-side flow rate adjustment valve 143 includes a valve body 143a that adjusts the opening degree of the refrigerant inlet 141, and an electric actuator 143b that displaces the valve body 143a. Further, the operation of the electric actuator 143b is controlled by a control signal output from the control device.
- the control device detects the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 13, and calculates the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant from these detected values. Then, the control device refers to the control map stored in advance in the storage circuit of the control device based on the calculated degree of supercooling, and the gas phase ratio (dryness) of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 Controls the operation of the electric actuator 143b so as to approach the predetermined target dryness.
- the control device controls the operation of the electric actuator 143b and the valve body 143a changes the refrigerant passage area of the refrigerant inlet 141
- the refrigerant flow rate flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 also changes.
- the change in the refrigerant flow rate for adjusting the gas phase ratio of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet port 142 is extremely small with respect to the change in the refrigerant flow rate due to the state change of the refrigerant flowing in from the refrigerant inlet port 141.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the decompression device 14 can be reduced with a simple configuration without complicating the cycle configuration regardless of the state of the refrigerant flowing in from the refrigerant inlet 141. Variation can be suppressed. As a result, similarly to the first embodiment, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 can exhibit a stable cooling capacity.
- FIG. 6 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- the auxiliary refrigerant inlet 144 is on the other axial end side (the upper side in the present embodiment) that becomes the conical bottom surface of the main body 140, and the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space SS is the axial direction of the swirl space SS. And are arranged substantially coaxially.
- the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space SS from the refrigerant inlet 141 and the inflow direction of the refrigerant flowing into the swirl space SS from the auxiliary refrigerant inlet 144 are different from each other, and the refrigerant outlet 142
- the direction connecting the central portion of the auxiliary refrigerant inlet 144 and the central portion of the auxiliary refrigerant inlet 144 is parallel to the axial direction of the swirling space SS.
- the bypass passage 145 is a refrigerant passage through which the refrigerant flowing out of the supercooling portion 13 c of the radiator 13 flows through the inflow side flow rate adjustment valve 143.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 of the present embodiment when the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is operated, not only the same effects as in the second embodiment can be obtained, but also the refrigerant can enter the swirl space SS via the bypass passage 145 and the auxiliary refrigerant inlet 144. Therefore, fluctuations in the flow rate of the refrigerant that flows out from the decompression device 14 to the downstream side can be effectively suppressed as compared with the second embodiment. As a result, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 can exhibit a more stable cooling capacity.
- FIG. 7 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- the basic configuration of the auxiliary inflow side flow rate adjustment valve 146 is the same as that of the inflow side flow rate adjustment valve 143 of the second embodiment. Therefore, the auxiliary inflow side flow rate adjustment valve 146 also includes a valve body 146a that adjusts the opening degree of the auxiliary refrigerant inlet 144 and an electric actuator 146b that displaces the valve body 146a.
- the control device detects the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 13, and calculates the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant from these detected values. Then, the control device refers to the control map stored in advance in the storage circuit of the control device based on the calculated degree of supercooling, and the gas phase ratio (dryness) of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 Controls the operation of the electric actuator 146b so as to approach the predetermined target dryness.
- FIG. 8 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- the control device detects the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 13, and calculates the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant from these detected values. Then, the control device refers to the control map stored in advance in the storage circuit of the control device based on the calculated degree of supercooling, and the gas phase ratio (dryness) of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 Controls the operation of both the electric actuators 143b and 146b so as to approach the predetermined target dryness.
- FIG. 9 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- the outflow-side flow rate adjustment valve 147 changes the swirling flow velocity of the refrigerant in the swirling space SS by changing the refrigerant passage area of the refrigerant outlet 142 and changing the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the refrigerant outlet 142. is there.
- the outflow-side flow rate adjustment valve 147 includes a valve body 147a made of a spherical body that adjusts the opening degree of the refrigerant outlet 142, and an electric actuator 147b that displaces the valve body 147a. Yes. Furthermore, the electric actuator 147b is disposed on the downstream side of the refrigerant outlet 142, and its operation is controlled by a control signal output from the control device.
- the control device detects the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 13, and calculates the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant from these detected values. Then, the control device refers to the control map stored in advance in the storage circuit of the control device based on the calculated degree of supercooling, and the gas phase ratio (dryness) of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 142 Controls the operation of the electric actuator 147b so as to approach the predetermined target dryness.
- FIG. 10 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- the outflow side flow rate adjustment valve 147 of the present embodiment includes a valve body 147c formed of a needle valve that adjusts the opening degree of the refrigerant outlet 142, and an electric actuator 147b that displaces the valve body 147c. Configured.
- the electric actuator 147b of this embodiment is disposed on the upstream side of the refrigerant outlet 142.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the sixth embodiment. Even if the outflow side flow rate adjustment valve 147 is configured as in the present embodiment, the same effect as in the sixth embodiment can be obtained.
- FIG. 11 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the decompression device 14 of the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the fifth embodiment. Even if the swirl flow rate adjusting unit is configured by the inlet flow rate adjusting valve 143, the auxiliary inlet flow rate adjusting valve 146, and the outlet side flow rate adjusting valve 147 as in the present embodiment, the same effect as in the fifth embodiment is obtained. be able to.
- Non embodiment In this embodiment, the configuration of the decompression device is changed with respect to the first embodiment, and as shown in the overall configuration diagram of FIG. 12, a refrigeration cycle device including an ejector that functions as a refrigerant decompression unit and a refrigerant circulation unit ( An example in which the ejector refrigeration cycle apparatus 11 is configured will be described.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view in the axial direction of the decompression device 24 of the present embodiment.
- the decompression device 24 of the present embodiment includes a main body 240 having the same configuration as the main body 140 of the decompression device 14 of the first embodiment. Accordingly, the main body 240 has a swirl space SS for swirling the refrigerant therein, and is provided with a refrigerant inlet 241 and a refrigerant outlet 242.
- the decompression device 24 of the present embodiment has a divergent taper portion 244 that gradually widens the refrigerant passage area on the downstream side of the refrigerant outlet port 242, and a refrigerant suction that draws in the refrigerant by the jetted refrigerant ejected from the divergent taper portion 244.
- a body portion 245 formed with a diffuser portion 245b for mixing and increasing the pressure of the inlet 245a and the injected refrigerant and the suction refrigerant sucked from the refrigerant suction port 245a.
- the end wide taper portion 244 is connected to a refrigerant outlet 242 that functions as a throttle.
- the conical inner wall surface of the main body 240 of the decompression device 24, the inner wall surfaces of the refrigerant outlet 242 and the divergent taper portion 244 form a refrigerant passage that functions as a so-called Laval nozzle. That is, the refrigerant outlet 242 of the present embodiment constitutes the throat where the refrigerant passage area is reduced most in the Laval nozzle.
- the body part 245 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer peripheral side of the main body part 240 is fixed to one end thereof by a part such as press-fitting.
- the refrigerant suction port 245a is a suction port that sucks the refrigerant on the downstream side of the suction side evaporator 25, which will be described later, into the body portion 245, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the main body portion 240 and the divergent taper portion 244. It is provided so as to communicate with the refrigerant injection port.
- the space formed between the inner peripheral surface of the body portion 245 and the conical outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 240 and between the inner peripheral surface of the body portion 245 and the outer peripheral surface of the divergent taper portion is the refrigerant suction port 245a.
- the diffuser portion 245b is arranged on the downstream side of the refrigerant flow of the refrigerant injection port and the refrigerant suction port 245a of the divergent taper portion 244, and is formed in a shape that gradually increases the refrigerant passage area.
- the action of decelerating and increasing the flow velocity of the mixed refrigerant of the refrigerant injected from the refrigerant injection port of the divergent taper portion 244 and the suction refrigerant sucked from the refrigerant suction port 245a that is, the velocity energy of the mixed refrigerant is increased. It acts to convert pressure energy.
- the decompression device 240 of the present embodiment can form a Laval nozzle by the main body portion 240 and the divergent taper portion 244, and includes the body portion 245.
- the function as an ejector described in Patent Document 1 can be exhibited.
- the refrigerant outlet of the radiator 13 of the present embodiment is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the branch portion 21 that branches the refrigerant flow.
- the branch part 21 is configured by a three-way joint having three inlets and outlets, and one of the inlets and outlets is a refrigerant inlet and two of them are refrigerant outlets.
- Such a three-way joint may be constituted by joining pipes having different pipe diameters, or may be constituted by providing a plurality of refrigerant passages having different passage diameters in a metal block or a resin block.
- the refrigerant inlet 241 of the decompression device 24 is connected to one refrigerant outlet of the branch part 21, and the suction side evaporation is connected to the other refrigerant outlet via a fixed throttle 22 as a branch side decompression part.
- a device 25 is connected.
- An orifice, a capillary tube, or the like can be used as the fixed throttle 22.
- the suction-side evaporator 25 evaporates the low-pressure refrigerant and exchanges heat by exchanging heat between the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the fixed throttle 22 and the blown air that has passed through the evaporator 15 blown from the blower fan 15a. This is an endothermic heat exchanger to be exhibited.
- the basic configuration of the suction side evaporator 25 is the same as that of the evaporator 15.
- a refrigerant suction port 245 a of the decompression device 24 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the suction side evaporator 25.
- the evaporator 15 is referred to as the outflow side evaporator 15 in the following description.
- the refrigerant outlet side of the diffuser portion positioned on the refrigerant flow downstream side of the refrigerant outlet 242 of the decompression device 24 is connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the outlet side evaporator 15, and the refrigerant outlet side of the outlet side evaporator 15 is The suction side of the compressor 12 is connected. The suction side of the compressor 12 is connected to the second refrigerant outlet 142 of the decompression device 24.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the control device operates the compressor 12
- the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 12 flows into the radiator 13 and condenses.
- the flow of the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 13 is divided into a flow that flows into the refrigerant inlet 241 of the decompression device 24 and a flow that flows into the fixed throttle 22 at the branch portion 21.
- the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed from the branch portion 21 to the decompression device 24 side swirls in the swirling space SS and flows out from the refrigerant outlet 242.
- the refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed phase flows out from the refrigerant outlet 242 arranged on the extension line of the turning center line CL.
- the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 242 is decompressed when passing through the refrigerant outlet 242. More specifically, in the decompression device 24 of the present embodiment, the main body portion 240 and the divergent taper portion 244 constitute a Laval nozzle, so that the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant outlet 242 is isentropically depressurized and divergent taper. It is injected at a flow velocity exceeding the speed of sound from the refrigerant injection port of the portion 244.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the suction-side evaporator 25 is sucked from the refrigerant suction port 245a by the suction action of the injection refrigerant.
- the injection refrigerant injected from the divergent taper portion 244 and the suction refrigerant sucked from the refrigerant suction port 245a flow into the diffuser portion 245b of the decompression device 24.
- the velocity energy of the refrigerant is converted into pressure energy by expanding the refrigerant passage area.
- the pressure of the mixed refrigerant rises while the injected refrigerant and the suction refrigerant are mixed.
- the refrigerant flowing out from the second refrigerant outlet 243 is decompressed by an enthalpy until it becomes an intermediate pressure refrigerant when passing through the second refrigerant outlet 242 to reduce its pressure.
- the refrigerant decompressed at the second refrigerant outlet 242 merges with the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 12 and is sucked into the compressor 12.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out from the branch portion 21 toward the throttle mechanism 27 side is decompressed and expanded in an enthalpy manner by the fixed throttle 22 and flows into the suction-side evaporator 25.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the suction side evaporator 25 absorbs heat from the blown air that is blown by the blower fan 15 a and cooled by the outflow side evaporator 15, and evaporates. Thereby, the blowing air blown into the passenger compartment is further cooled.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the suction side evaporator 25 is sucked from the refrigerant suction port 245a.
- the blast air blown from the blower fan 16a can be cooled by passing it in the order of the outflow side evaporator 15 ⁇ the suction side evaporator 25.
- the refrigerant evaporation pressure of the outflow side evaporator 15 is increased after the pressure is increased by the diffuser portion 245b, and the refrigerant evaporation pressure of the suction side evaporator 25 is set to the lowest pressure immediately after being reduced at the refrigerant outlet 242. be able to.
- the refrigerant evaporation pressure (refrigerant evaporation temperature) of the suction side evaporator 25 can be made lower than the refrigerant evaporation pressure (refrigerant evaporation temperature) of the outflow side evaporator 15.
- the temperature difference between the refrigerant evaporation temperature of the outflow side evaporator 15 and the suction side evaporator 25 and the blown air can be secured, and the blown air can be efficiently cooled.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 11 of the present embodiment employs the pressure reducing device 24 that functions as an ejector, the refrigerant flow rate flowing out from the refrigerant outlet 241 of the pressure reducing device 24 is stabilized as in the first embodiment.
- the effect of improving the cycle efficiency as the above-described ejector refrigeration cycle apparatus can be obtained with certainty.
- the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant inlet 241 is brought into a gas-liquid mixed phase state (a gas-liquid two-phase state or a state where bubbles are mixed in the liquid phase refrigerant). it can.
- the main body portion 240, the refrigerant outlet port 242 and the divergent taper portion 244 form a refrigerant passage that functions as a Laval nozzle, and the refrigerant flows at a flow rate exceeding the speed of sound from the refrigerant injection port of the divergent taper portion 244. Therefore, even if a disturbance occurs in the refrigerant flow on the downstream side of the refrigerant distributor 24, the disturbance in the refrigerant flow on the downstream side may be transmitted into the swirl space SS via the refrigerant outlet 242. Can be suppressed.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the swirling space SS through the refrigerant outlet 242 can be stabilized, and more gas phase refrigerant is present in the swirling space SS on the inner peripheral side than on the outer peripheral side of the swirling center line CL.
- the effect obtained by swirling the refrigerant at the existing swirling flow velocity can be reliably obtained.
- the auxiliary inflow side flow rate adjusting valve 146 employed in the fourth, fifth, and eighth embodiments and the outflow side flow rate regulating valve 147 employed in the sixth to eighth embodiments may be applied.
- the effect of improving the cycle efficiency as an ejector-type refrigeration cycle apparatus can be obtained more effectively, and the decompression device 24 functioning as an ejector can exhibit more stable suction and pressure boosting capabilities.
- the configuration of the radiator is changed as shown in the overall configuration diagram of FIG. 14 with respect to the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 of the first embodiment.
- the radiator 23 of the present embodiment is not configured as a subcool condenser, but is configured from a condensing unit that condenses the refrigerant.
- the state of the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 23 may change due to changes in the outside air temperature or the like. That is, the state of the refrigerant flowing into the decompression device 14 may change from the gas-liquid two-phase state to the liquid-phase state or from the liquid-phase state to the gas-liquid two-phase state so as to cross the saturated gas line. is there.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes the decompression device 14, even if the state of the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet 141 is the supercooled liquid phase state, the gas-liquid two-phase state is obtained. Even in such a case, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid mixed phase state can be discharged from the refrigerant outlet 142 while reducing the pressure, so that the refrigeration cycle apparatus 10 can exhibit a stable cooling capacity as in the first embodiment. .
- a radiator 23 similar to that of the tenth embodiment is adopted for the refrigeration cycle apparatus 11 of the ninth embodiment as shown in the overall configuration diagram of FIG.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 11 of the present embodiment includes the decompression device 24, the effect of improving the cycle efficiency as the ejector-type refrigeration cycle apparatus can be obtained more reliably as in the second embodiment, and the ejector The decompression device 24 functioning as can exhibit more stable suction ability and pressure raising ability.
- the gas-phase refrigerant can be reliably supplied to the suction side of the compressor 12, and liquid compression of the compressor 12 can be prevented. Therefore, the operation of the compressor 12 can be controlled so that the cycle efficiency becomes a maximum value according to the temperature or pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 23. Therefore, a further effect of improving the cycle efficiency can be obtained.
- the gas-liquid refrigerant sucked into the compressor 12 is separated and the liquid-phase refrigerant is stored.
- An accumulator 26 is added.
- Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the eleventh embodiment. Therefore, also in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 11 of the thirteenth embodiment, the same effects as those of the eleventh embodiment can be obtained and liquid compression of the compressor 12 can be prevented.
- the swirl space SS of the decompression devices 14 and 24 has been described as an example of a space having a shape in which a cylindrical space and a conical space are coaxially coupled.
- the space shape is not limited to this.
- the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the direction connecting the central portion of the refrigerant outlet 142 and the central portion of the second refrigerant outlet 143 may be an elliptical shape or a polygonal shape. That is, the cross-sectional shape may not be circular.
- the turning center line CL does not coincide with the axis of the turning space SS, but the refrigerant outlets 142 and 242 are connected to the turning center line CL under the normally assumed operating conditions of the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 10 and 11. What is necessary is just to be arrange
- the formula F2 is adopted as an index indicating the distance between the turning center and the outermost peripheral side of the swirling flow. That is, according to the above formula F2, even if the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the opening direction of the refrigerant outlet 142 is an elliptical shape or a polygonal shape, the condition for sufficiently growing the swirling flow of the refrigerant swirling in the swirling space SS is satisfied. Can be derived.
- the refrigerant passage area of the refrigerant outlet 142 is reduced, so that the function as a fixed throttle similar to the orifice is exhibited.
- the refrigerant outlet 142 has a function as a throttle.
- the part to be exhibited is not limited to this.
- the refrigerant outlet 143 of the decompression device 14 may be configured by a capillary tube.
- two compressors a low-stage compression mechanism and a high-stage compression mechanism, are provided to increase the pressure of the refrigerant in multiple stages and to join the intermediate pressure refrigerant in the cycle with the refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compression mechanism.
- the present invention may be applied to a refrigeration cycle apparatus configured as a so-called economizer refrigeration cycle apparatus that is sucked into a high-stage compression mechanism.
- the branch portion 21 that branches the flow of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiators 13 and 23 is provided, and one of the refrigerant outlets branched by the branch portion 21 is provided.
- the ejector-type refrigeration cycle apparatus connected to the refrigerant inlet 241 of the decompression apparatus 24 functioning as an ejector has been described, the ejector-type refrigeration cycle apparatus to which the decompression apparatus 24 can be applied is not limited thereto.
- a low-pressure side branch portion that branches the flow of the refrigerant flowing out of the diffuser portion 245b of the decompression device 24 is provided, and one refrigerant branched at the low-pressure side branch portion is caused to flow into the outflow evaporator 15, and the other refrigerant May be configured to flow into the suction-side evaporator 25.
- the same air-conditioning target space (vehicle interior) is cooled by the outflow side evaporator 15 and the suction side evaporator 25, but the outflow side evaporator 15 and the suction side evaporator 25 are different.
- the air-conditioning target space may be cooled.
- the suction side evaporator 25 having a lower refrigerant evaporation pressure (refrigerant evaporation temperature) than the outflow side evaporator 15 is used for cooling in the freezer, and the outflow side evaporator 15 is used for cooling in the refrigerator. May be.
- the example in which the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 10 and 11 including the decompression apparatuses 14 and 24 of the present disclosure are applied to a vehicle air conditioner has been described, but the decompression apparatuses 14 and 24 of the present disclosure are provided.
- the application of the refrigeration cycle apparatuses 10 and 11 is not limited to this.
- the present invention may be applied to a stationary air conditioner, a cold storage container, a cooling / heating device for a vending machine, and the like.
- the radiators 13 and 23 are outdoor heat exchangers for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air, and the evaporator (outflow side evaporator) 15 and the suction side evaporator 25 are used as the indoor blown air.
- the evaporator (outflow side evaporator) 15 and the suction side evaporator 25 are outdoor heat exchangers that absorb heat from a heat source such as outside air, and the radiator 13, You may comprise the heat pump cycle which uses 23 as an indoor side heat exchanger which heats to-be-heated fluids, such as air or water.
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Abstract
Description
1<Ain/Aout<12
となっていてもよい。
図1~4により、本開示の第1実施形態について説明する。図1は、本実施形態の減圧装置14を備える蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクル装置10の全体構成図である。この冷凍サイクル装置10は、車両用空調装置に適用されており、空調対象空間である車室内へ送風される送風空気を冷却するように構成される。
1<Ass/Aout…(F2)
より具体的には、本実施形態では、Ain/Aoutを2程度とし、Ass/Aoutを10程度としている。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態に対して、減圧装置14の構成を変更した例を説明する。具体的には、本実施形態の減圧装置14では、図5に示すように、旋回空間SS内で旋回する冷媒の旋回流速を調整する旋回流速調整部としての流入側流量調整弁143を追加している。なお、図5は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図である。また、図5では、第1実施形態と同一もしくは均等部分には同一の符号を付している。このことは、以下の図面でも同様である。
本実施形態では、図6に示すように、第2実施形態に対して、本体部140に、旋回空間SS内へ冷媒を流入させる補助冷媒流入口144を設けた例を説明する。なお、図6は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図であり、第2実施形態の図5に対応する図面である。
本実施形態では、図7に示すように、第2実施形態に対して、流入側流量調整弁143を廃止して、旋回流速調整部としての補助流入側流量調整弁146を設けた例である。なお、図7は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図であり、第2実施形態の図5に対応する図面である。
本実施形態では、図8に示すように、第2実施形態に対して、第4実施形態と同様の補助流入側流量調整弁146を設けた例である。従って、本実施形態では、流入側流量調整部143および補助流入側流量調整弁146の双方によって、旋回流速調整部が構成される。なお、図8は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図であり、第2実施形態の図5に対応する図面である。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態に対して、減圧装置14の構成を変更した例を説明する。具体的には、本実施形態の減圧装置14では、図9に示すように、旋回空間SS内で旋回する冷媒の旋回流速を調整する旋回流速調整部としての流出側流量調整弁147を追加している。なお、図9は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図であり、第2実施形態の図5に対応する図面である。
本実施形態では、第6実施形態に対して、図10に示すように、流出側流量調整弁147の構成を変更している。なお、図10は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図であり、第2実施形態の図5に対応する図面である。
具体的には、本実施形態の流出側流量調整弁147は、冷媒流出口142の開度を調整するニードル弁からなる弁体147cと、この弁体147cを変位させる電動アクチュエータ147bとを有して構成されている。
本実施形態では、図11に示すように、第5実施形態に対して、さらに、第6実施形態の流出側流量調整弁147を追加してものである。なお、図11は、本実施形態の減圧装置14の一部断面を示す側面図であり、第2実施形態の図5に対応する図面である。その他の構成および作動は、第5実施形態と同様である。本実施形態のように、流入口流量調整弁143、補助流入口流量調整弁146および流出側流量調整弁147によって旋回流速調整部を構成しても、第5実施形態と全く同様の効果を得ることができる。
本実施形態では、第1実施形態に対して、減圧装置の構成を変更して、図12の全体構成図に示すように、冷媒減圧部および冷媒循環部として機能するエジェクタを備える冷凍サイクル装置(エジェクタ式冷凍サイクル装置)11を構成した例を説明する。
第10実施形態では、第1実施形態の冷凍サイクル装置10に対して、図14の全体構成図に示すように、放熱器の構成を変更したものである。具体的には、本実施形態の放熱器23は、サブクール型の凝縮器として構成されておらず、冷媒を凝縮させる凝縮部から構成されている。
第12実施形態では、第10実施形態の冷凍サイクル装置10に対して、図16の全体構成図に示すように、圧縮機12へ吸入される冷媒の気液を分離して液相冷媒を蓄えるアキュムレータ26を追加したものである。その他の構成および作動は第10実施形態と同様である。従って、第12実施形態の冷凍サイクル装置10においても、第01実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
本開示は上述の実施形態に限定されることなく、本開示の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、以下のように種々変形可能である。
Claims (10)
- 冷凍サイクル装置(10、11)に適用されて減圧装置であって、
冷媒を流入させる冷媒流入口(141、241)と、
減圧させた冷媒を流出させる冷媒流出口(142、242)と、
前記冷媒流入口(141、241)から流入した冷媒を旋回させる旋回空間(SS)を形成する本体部(140、240)とを備え、
前記冷媒流出口(142、242)は、冷媒通路面積を縮小させて冷媒を減圧させる絞りを有するように構成され、
前記旋回空間(SS)内で旋回する冷媒の旋回中心を結んだ線を旋回中心線(CL)としたときに、前記旋回空間(SS)内で旋回する冷媒は、前記旋回中心線(CL)の外周側よりも内周側に気相冷媒が多く存在する旋回流速で旋回するように前記旋回空間(SS)は構成され、
前記冷媒流出口(142、242)は、前記旋回中心線(CL)の延長線上に配置されている減圧装置。 - 前記旋回空間(SS)は、前記冷媒流出口(142、242)の開口方向に向かって断面積が徐々に縮小するテーパ状の空間を含むように構成されている請求項1に記載の減圧装置。
- 前記冷媒流出口(242)には、その下流側の冷媒通路の冷媒通路面積を徐々に広げる末広テーパ部(244)が接続されており、
さらに、前記末広テーパ部(244)から噴射される噴射冷媒によって冷媒を吸引する冷媒吸引口(245a)、および、前記噴射冷媒と前記冷媒吸引口(245a)から吸引された吸引冷媒との混合冷媒を昇圧させるディフューザ部(245b)が形成されたボデー部(245)を備えている請求項2に記載の減圧装置。 - 前記冷媒流出口(142)には、キャピラリチューブが接続されている請求項1または2に記載の減圧装置。
- 前記冷媒流入口(141、241)の通路断面積をAinとして、
前記冷媒流出口(142、242)の通路断面積をAoutとしたときに、
1<Ain/Aout<12
となるように前記冷媒流入口(141、241)と前記冷媒流出口(142、242)は構成されている請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載の減圧装置。 - さらに、前記旋回流速を調整する旋回流速調整部(143、146、147)を備えている請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載の減圧装置。
- 前記旋回流速調整部は、前記冷媒流入口(141)から前記旋回空間(SS)内へ流入する冷媒の流量を調整する流入側流量調整弁(143)にて構成されている請求項6に記載の減圧装置。
- 前記本体部(140)には、前記旋回空間(SS)内へ冷媒を流入させる補助冷媒流入口(144)が設けられており、
前記冷媒流入口(141)から前記旋回空間(SS)内へ流入する冷媒の流入方向と前記補助冷媒流入口(144)から前記旋回空間(SS)内へ流入する冷媒の流入方向は、異なる方向となっており、
前記旋回流速調整部は、前記冷媒流入口(141)から前記旋回空間(SS)内へ流入する冷媒の流量を調整する流入側流量調整弁(143)および前記補助冷媒流入口(144)から前記旋回空間(SS)内へ流入する冷媒の流量を調整する補助流入側流量調整弁(146)のうち少なくとも一方で構成されている請求項6に記載の減圧装置。 - 前記旋回流速調整部は、前記冷媒流出口(142)から流出する冷媒流量を調整する流出側流量調整弁(147)で構成されている請求項6ないし8のいずれか1つに記載の減圧装置。
- 請求項1ないし9のいずれか1つに記載の減圧装置(14、24)を備えている冷凍サイクル装置。
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CN201280014959.XA CN103477160B (zh) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-03-21 | 减压装置和制冷循环装置 |
DE112012001472.3T DE112012001472B4 (de) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-03-21 | Dekompressionseinrichtung und Kälteerzeugungskreis-Einrichtung |
US14/007,183 US9784487B2 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-03-21 | Decompression device having flow control valves and refrigeration cycle with said decompression device |
KR1020137027535A KR101558307B1 (ko) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-03-21 | 감압 장치 및 냉동 사이클 장치 |
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CN103477160A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
US9784487B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
DE112012001472T5 (de) | 2013-12-19 |
US20140020424A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
CN103477160B (zh) | 2015-10-14 |
KR20130142180A (ko) | 2013-12-27 |
KR101558307B1 (ko) | 2015-10-07 |
JP2012202653A (ja) | 2012-10-22 |
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DE112012001472B4 (de) | 2019-03-14 |
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