WO2012096322A1 - 活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物、微細凹凸構造体及び微細凹凸構造体の製造方法 - Google Patents
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物、微細凹凸構造体及び微細凹凸構造体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012096322A1 WO2012096322A1 PCT/JP2012/050415 JP2012050415W WO2012096322A1 WO 2012096322 A1 WO2012096322 A1 WO 2012096322A1 JP 2012050415 W JP2012050415 W JP 2012050415W WO 2012096322 A1 WO2012096322 A1 WO 2012096322A1
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active energy ray-curable resin composition that has a decontamination effect excellent in removing fingerprint stains and the like, and is capable of forming a highly scratch-resistant member, in particular, a fine unevenness (nano unevenness) structure. . Furthermore, the present invention relates to an imprint raw material containing the resin composition, a fine concavo-convex structure formed using the resin composition, particularly a display member, and a method for producing a fine concavo-convex structure using the resin composition About.
- a fine concavo-convex structure in which nano-sized fine irregularities are regularly arranged on the surface exhibits an antireflection performance by continuously changing the refractive index. It is also known that the fine concavo-convex structure exhibits the same effect as the super water-repellent performance (lotus effect) exhibited by the lotus leaf with fine vellus hair.
- the method of transferring the fine concavo-convex structure by curing the resin composition by irradiation with active energy rays is suitable. This method is particularly suitable when a belt-shaped or roll-shaped stamper capable of continuous production is used, and is a method with excellent productivity.
- the fine concavo-convex structure exhibits good antireflection performance when adjacent convex portions or concave portions of the fine concavo-convex portions have an interval equal to or shorter than the wavelength of visible light.
- the fine concavo-convex structure having such a structure is inferior in scratch resistance as compared with a molded article having a smooth surface and subjected to an abrasion resistance treatment with a hard coat or the like, and has a problem in durability during use. .
- the resin composition used for the production of the fine concavo-convex structure is not sufficiently robust, a phenomenon in which the protrusions tend to come close to each other when being released from the mold or due to heat.
- the resin composition is cured by irradiation with active energy rays, and the fine concavo-convex structure or the fine concavo-convex structure formed by transferring the inverted fine concavo-convex structure of the stamper to form the fine concavo-convex structure
- a resin composition has been proposed.
- a fine concavo-convex structure having a convex portion (concave portion) interval equal to or smaller than the wavelength of visible light is prepared using a silica sol that is closely packed as a template, and a trimethylolpropane tripropylene is used as a resin composition for forming the fine concavo-convex structure.
- a polyfunctional monomer having an extremely large number of double bonds per molecular weight such as acrylate
- a film having a hard coat layer having fine irregularities is disclosed, and the hard coat layer is formed of a resin having a hardness of “H” or higher in a pencil hardness test according to JIS K5600-5-4.
- the resin a polyfunctional monomer having an extremely large number of double bonds per molecular weight such as dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate and the like is prepared (Patent Document 2).
- a photocurable resin composition comprising an acrylate oligomer such as urethane acrylate and a release agent as essential components (Patent Document 3); (2) A photocurable resin composition comprising a (meth) acrylate such as ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, a reactive diluent such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, a photopolymerization initiator, and a fluorosurfactant.
- a photocurable resin composition comprising an acrylate oligomer such as urethane acrylate and a release agent as essential components (Patent Document 3); (2) A photocurable resin composition comprising a (meth) acrylate such as ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, a reactive diluent such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, a photopolymerization initiator, and a fluorosurfactant.
- Patent Document 4 and (3) UV curable resin composition comprising a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, a photopolymerization initiator and a leveling agent such as polyether-modified silicone oil ( Patent Document 1).
- a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate
- a photopolymerization initiator and a leveling agent such as polyether-modified silicone oil
- each of the fine concavo-convex structures described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a cured product having a high crosslink density and a high elastic modulus, but does not necessarily satisfy the scratch resistance.
- the antireflection performance may be impaired due to breakage or bending of the fine protrusions particularly in the case of a fine concavo-convex structure. Applications will be limited. It is also difficult to wipe off dirt such as fingerprints adhering to the fine concavo-convex structure.
- a method for suppressing the adhesion of dirt by making the resin molded body hydrophobic with a silicone compound or a fluorine compound is known.
- the surface of the resin molded body is made hydrophilic to promote water intrusion between dirt such as attached fingerprints and the resin surface, and the dirt is floated and removed by wiping with water.
- the surface of the resin molded body is made hydrophilic, the water absorption of the molded body inevitably increases, and the molded body is softened and tends to be unable to maintain the fine uneven structure formed on the surface.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an active energy ray that exhibits an antireflection function due to a fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface, is excellent in removing contaminants such as fingerprint stain removability, and provides a cured product having high scratch resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a curable resin composition and a raw material for imprinting containing the same, and to provide a method for producing a fine concavo-convex structure, particularly a display member, and a fine concavo-convex structure formed using these.
- the inventors have prepared an active energy ray-curable resin composition containing at least a monomer (oligomer) having three or more radical polymerizable functional groups in a molecule as a stamper having an inverted structure of a substrate and a fine concavo-convex structure. It was found that the above problems could be solved if the resin composition was cured by irradiation with active energy rays, and the present invention was completed.
- the present invention is an active energy ray-curable resin composition containing a polyfunctional monomer having at least three radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule:
- the composition of the resin composition is (1) A polyfunctional monomer (A) and a mono (meth) acrylate (B) having a polyethylene glycol structure in which the number of repeating ethylene glycol units is 9 or more, and the content of the polyfunctional monomer (A) is 70 -95 parts by mass, the content of mono (meth) acrylate (B) is 5-30 parts by mass (the total content of all monomers contained in the resin composition is 100 parts by mass),
- the polyfunctional monomer (A) has 3 or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, and a value obtained by dividing the molecular weight by the number of radical polymerizable functional groups (molecular weight per functional group) is 110 to Or (2) the polymerizable component (X) has 3 or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, the molecular weight per functional group is less
- the first invention includes a polyfunctional monomer (A) and a mono (meth) acrylate (B) having a polyethylene glycol structure in which the number of repeating ethylene glycol units is 9 or more.
- a polyfunctional monomer (A) Is 70 to 95 parts by mass, and the mono (meth) acrylate (B) is 5 to 30 parts by mass (the total content of all monomers contained in the resin composition is 100 parts by mass).
- the polyfunctional monomer (A) has 3 or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, and a value obtained by dividing the molecular weight by the number of radical polymerizable functional groups (molecular weight per functional group) is 110 to 200, an active energy ray-curable resin composition.
- the second invention is an active energy ray-curable resin composition containing a polymerizable component (X) and a photopolymerization initiator (XE), wherein the polymerizable component (X) is 3 in the molecule. 15 to 70% by mass of a polyfunctional monomer (XA) having at least one radical polymerizable functional group, a molecular weight per functional group of less than 110, and no terminal ethyl group 15 to 50 mass of polyfunctional monomer (XB) having 3 or more radical polymerizable functional groups, a molecular weight per functional group of 110 or more, and having no ethyl group at the terminal And 2 to 40% by mass of a bifunctional monomer (XC) having two radical polymerizable functional groups and four or more oxyethylene groups in the molecule and having no methyl group at the terminal.
- a polyfunctional monomer (XA) having at least one radical polymerizable functional group, a molecular weight per functional group of less than 110, and no terminal ethyl
- the present invention also provides a material for imprinting containing the active energy ray-curable resin composition, a cured product of the active energy ray-curable resin composition, and a fine uneven structure having a fine uneven structure on the surface, and
- the present invention also relates to a display member provided with the fine concavo-convex structure.
- the present invention is a method for producing a fine uneven structure having a fine uneven structure on the surface,
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition is disposed between a stamper on which the inverted structure of the fine concavo-convex structure is formed and a base material, and the active energy ray-curable resin composition is irradiated with active energy rays.
- the stamper is peeled off to form a cured resin layer having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition of the present invention can form a fine concavo-convex structure having excellent scratch resistance and excellent contaminant removal effects such as fingerprint removability. Moreover, since the fine concavo-convex structure of the present invention has a very excellent antireflection effect, it is extremely useful as a display member.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition of the first invention includes a polyfunctional monomer (A) and a mono (meth) acrylate (B) having a polyethylene glycol structure in which the number of repeating ethylene glycol units is 9 or more.
- the content of the polyfunctional monomer (A) is 70 to 95 parts by mass
- the content of the mono (meth) acrylate (B) is 5 to 30 parts by mass (the content of all the monomers contained in the resin composition)
- the total amount is 100 parts by mass
- the polyfunctional monomer (A) has three or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, and the molecular weight divided by the number of radical polymerizable functional groups, the molecular weight / the number of radical polymerizable functional groups is 110 to 200.
- the polyfunctional monomer (A) is a main component of the active energy ray-curable resin composition (hereinafter referred to as “resin composition” unless otherwise specified), and has good mechanical properties, particularly scratch resistance, of the cured product. To play a role in maintaining.
- the polyfunctional monomer (A) has three or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule. Thereby, the distance between the crosslinking points of the cured product of the obtained resin composition is reduced, the crosslinking density is increased, the elastic modulus and hardness of the cured product are increased, and the scratch resistance can be improved.
- Typical examples of the radical polymerizable functional group include a methacryloyl group and an acryloyl group.
- the polyfunctional monomer (A) has a molecular weight divided by the number of radical polymerizable functional groups, and the molecular weight / number of radical polymerizable functional groups (molecular weight per functional group) is 110 to 200, preferably 120 to 180, more preferably 130 to 155.
- the molecular weight per functional group is 110 or more, it is possible to prevent the cured product from becoming brittle due to excessive crosslinking due to excessive crosslinking.
- the molecular weight per functional group is 200 or less, it can suppress that the elasticity modulus and hardness of hardened
- polyfunctional monomer (A) examples include urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, polyester (meth) acrylate, and polyether (meth) acrylate. Specifically, the following can be mentioned.
- trifunctional monomer examples include trimethylolpropane unmodified, ethoxy-modified, propoxy-modified, ethoxy-propoxy-modified or butoxy-modified tri (meth) acrylate; pentaerythritol unmodified, ethoxy-modified, propoxy Tri (meth) acrylate of modified product, ethoxy propoxy modified product or butoxy modified product; unmodified product of isocyanuric acid, ethoxy modified product, propoxy modified product, tri (meth) acrylate of ethoxy propoxy modified product or butoxy modified product; Examples include glycerin unmodified, ethoxy modified, propoxy modified, ethoxy propoxy modified or butoxy modified triacrylate.
- tetrafunctional monomers include pentaerythritol unmodified, ethoxy-modified, propoxy-modified, ethoxy propoxy-modified or butoxy-modified tetra (meth) acrylate; ditrimethylolpropane unmodified, ethoxy-modified, propoxy Examples thereof include tetra (meth) acrylates of modified products, ethoxy propoxy-modified products, or butoxy-modified products.
- polyfunctional monomer having five or more functions examples include dipentaerythritol unmodified product, ethoxy modified product, propoxy modified product, ethoxy / propoxy modified product, butoxy modified product hexa (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- (meth) acrylate refers to methacrylate or acrylate.
- urethane (meth) acrylate obtained by reacting a polyol or an isocyanate compound with (meth) acrylate having a hydroxyl group or the like may be used.
- examples of such commercially available urethane (meth) acrylates include “NK Oligo (trademark) U-6HA” manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. and “EBECRYL (registered trademark)” manufactured by Daicel-Sitec Co., Ltd. "220, 1290, 5129, 8210", 8200 of the "KRM (registered trademark)” series, "UA-306H” manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd. (all trade names).
- tri (meth) acrylate of ethoxy-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate of ethoxy-modified pentaerythritol, tetra (meth) of ethoxy-modified pentaerythritol Preferred are acrylate, tetra (meth) acrylate of ethoxy-modified ditrimethylolpropane, and hexa (meth) acrylate of ethoxy-modified dipentaerythritol.
- the molecular weight per functional group is the total mass of the raw materials charged.
- a value as an average value obtained by dividing by the number of moles of the radical polymerizable functional group can be adopted.
- the content of the polyfunctional monomer (A) is 70 to 95 parts by mass, preferably 75 to 95 parts by mass, when the total content of all the monomers contained in the resin composition is 100 parts by mass. More preferably, it is 80 to 90 parts by mass, particularly preferably 85 to 90 parts by mass. However, all the monomers contained in the resin composition, specifically, the total content of the polyfunctional monomer (A), mono (meth) acrylate (B) and monomer (C) is 100 parts by mass. Thus, the content ratio of the polyfunctional monomer (A) can be adjusted within the above range. If content of a polyfunctional monomer (A) is 70 mass parts or more, in the hardened
- the shape of the protrusion formed on the surface is elongated and the higher the height, the more difficult it is to maintain the shape, and a hard resin is required. If the content of the polyfunctional monomer (A) is in the above range with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the mono (meth) acrylate (B), even if the thickness exceeds 180 nm, the fine concavo-convex structure is maintained.
- the mono (meth) acrylate (B) having a polyethylene glycol structure in which the number of ethylene glycol unit repeats is 9 or more is polyethylene in which one radical polymerizable functional group and ethylene glycol unit repeats are 9 or more in the molecule. It is a compound having a glycol structure.
- the mono (meth) acrylate (B) has a polyethylene glycol structure, it can impart moderate hydrophilicity to the resulting cured product, and particularly removes contaminants attached to the surface having a fine concavo-convex structure, The removal of fingerprints can be facilitated, the water absorption of the cured product can be suppressed, and the fine uneven structure formed on the surface can be maintained.
- the number of repeating ethylene glycol units in the polyethylene glycol structure is preferably 12 or more, and can be 20 or less, in the cured product, the crosslinking density can be reduced and low hardness can be suppressed, and a fine uneven structure can be maintained. Therefore, it is preferable.
- the mono (meth) acrylate (B) has a (meth) acrylate group that is one radical polymerizable functional group in the molecule, and forms a polymer with the polyfunctional monomer (A) to obtain a cured product. Is preferable because bleeding out is suppressed. Moreover, when there is one radical polymerizable functional group, it is possible to impart water absorption resistance to the cured product, and to prevent water absorption from rising more than necessary.
- the mono (meth) acrylate (B) is a compound that is compatible with the polyfunctional monomer (A), and the resin composition may become cloudy or the cured product may become cloudy even if the resin composition is transparent. Since it can suppress that wrinkles generate
- the mono (meth) acrylate (B) includes a polyoxyalkylene structure other than the polyethylene glycol structure, for example, a polypropylene glycol structure, a polytetramethylene glycol structure, a bisphenol A skeleton, between the polyethylene glycol structure and the radical polymerizable functional group. , An alkyl chain, or a urethane bond.
- these groups other than the polyethylene glycol structure are preferably included within a range in which the crosslinking density is not lowered and the hardness is not lowered, and the mass proportion of these groups in the molecule of the mono (meth) acrylate (B) is 20% or less is preferable and 10% or less is more preferable.
- Examples of the mono (meth) acrylate (B) having such a structure include “Blenmer 55PET-800”, “Blenmer AAE-300” manufactured by NOF Corporation, and “Aronix M-114” manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd. , Commercially available monomers such as “Fancrill FA-318A” manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. (both trade names), and one-terminal methoxylated polyethylene glycol and “Karenz AOI” (trade name) manufactured by Showa Denko KK An acrylate monomer or the like obtained by reacting such a compound having an isocyanate group can be applied.
- the content of the mono (meth) acrylate (B) is 5 to 30 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 25, when the total content of all monomers contained in the resin composition is 100 parts by mass.
- the amount is 10 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 20 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 10 to 15 parts by mass.
- the total content of all the monomers contained in the resin composition is 100 parts by mass.
- the proportion of mono (meth) acrylate (B) can be adjusted within the above range.
- the content of the mono (meth) acrylate (B) is 5 parts by mass or more, the cured product is imparted with hydrophilicity that can promote the infiltration of water between the dirt adhered to the surface of the cured product and the surface of the cured product. If it is 30 mass parts or less, it can suppress that a crosslinking density falls, and can suppress hardened
- the fine concavo-convex structure when forming a fine concavo-convex structure, for example, even when the protrusion height exceeds 180 nm, the fine concavo-convex structure can be maintained as long as the content of mono (meth) acrylate (B) is in the above range.
- the resin composition may contain a monomer (C) having one or more radically polymerizable functional groups in the molecule.
- Monomer (C) is a monomer that can be polymerized with polyfunctional monomer (A) and mono (meth) acrylate (B), while maintaining good polymerization reactivity as a whole resin composition, It is preferable to further improve the adhesion.
- the monomer (C) is preferably used in adjusting the content of the mono (meth) acrylate (B).
- the monomer (C) it is preferable to exclude monomers that increase the hydrophilicity of the cured product more than necessary, such as polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the monomer (C) include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) ) Acrylate, alkyl (meth) acrylate such as lauryl (meth) acrylate; benzyl (meth) acrylate; isobornyl (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, adamantyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate (Meth) acrylates having an alicyclic structure such as dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylates having amino groups such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and dimethylaminopropyl (
- (meth) acryloylmorpholine, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylformamide, methyl (meth) acrylate and ethyl (meth) acrylate may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- methyl (meth) acrylate and ethyl (meth) acrylate are particularly preferable.
- the content of the monomer (C) is 0 to 20 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the polyfunctional monomer (A), mono (meth) acrylate (B) and monomer (C) in the resin composition. More preferably, it is 0 to 10 parts by mass, still more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 3 to 10 parts by mass. If the content of the monomer (C) is 10 parts by mass or less, the resin composition is efficiently cured, and the residual monomer acts as a plasticizer to adversely affect the elastic modulus and scratch resistance of the cured product. Can be suppressed.
- a resin composition contains a slip agent (D).
- the slip agent (D) is a compound that exists on the surface of the cured resin, reduces friction on the surface, and improves scratch resistance.
- a polyether-modified silicone compound particularly a silicone compound exhibiting an HLB value which is a characteristic value of a surfactant, is preferably 10 or more.
- slip agent (D) having an HLB value of 10 or more examples include “SH3746 FLUID” and “FZ-77” manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., “KF-355A” and “KF-” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. 6011 "(both are trade names). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the slip agent (D) is 0.01 with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the content of the polyfunctional monomer (A), mono (meth) acrylate (B) and monomer (C) in the resin composition. It is preferably ⁇ 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass. If the slip agent (D) is 0.01 parts by mass or more, the curability of the resin composition, the mechanical properties of the cured product, particularly the scratch resistance can be improved, and if it is 10 parts by mass or less, the cured product is obtained. Decrease in the elastic modulus and scratch resistance and coloring of the cured product due to the slip agent remaining inside can be suppressed.
- the resin composition preferably contains an active energy ray polymerization initiator.
- the active energy ray polymerization initiator is a compound that generates a radical that is cleaved by irradiation with active energy rays to initiate a polymerization reaction.
- the “active energy ray” means, for example, an electron beam, ultraviolet rays, visible rays, plasma, infrared rays or other heat rays. In particular, it is preferable to use ultraviolet rays from the viewpoint of apparatus cost and productivity.
- active energy ray polymerization initiator examples include benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, methyl orthobenzoyl benzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, t-butylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone; thioxanthones such as 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone; diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethyl ketal 1-hydroxycyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino (4-thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinofe Acetophenones such as butan-1-one; benzoin ethers such as
- a persulfate such as potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate, a peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide, or a thermal polymerization initiator such as an azo initiator may be used in combination.
- the content of the active energy ray polymerization initiator is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total content of monomers in the resin composition. Part, particularly preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by weight. If the content of the active energy ray polymerization initiator is 0.01 parts by mass or more, the curability of the resin composition, the mechanical properties of the cured product, particularly the scratch resistance can be improved, and the content of the active energy ray polymerization initiator should be 10 parts by mass or less. For example, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the elastic modulus and scratch resistance of the cured product and coloring due to the polymerization initiator remaining in the cured product.
- the resin composition may contain an active energy ray absorbent and / or an antioxidant.
- the active energy ray absorbent is preferably one that absorbs active energy rays irradiated upon curing of the resin composition and can suppress the deterioration of the resin.
- Examples of the active energy ray absorber include benzophenone-based UV absorbers, benzotriazole-based UV absorbers, and benzoate-based UV absorbers.
- Examples of commercially available products include 400 and 479 of the “TINUBIN (registered trademark)” series manufactured by BASF, 110 of the “Viosorb (registered trademark)” series manufactured by Kyodo Yakuhin Co., Ltd. (all are trade names). it can.
- antioxidants examples include phenolic antioxidants, phosphorus antioxidants, sulfur antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, and commercially available products such as “IRGANOX ( Registered trademark) ”series. These active energy ray absorbents and antioxidants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the active energy ray absorbent and / or the antioxidant is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total monomer content in the resin composition. 1 part by mass, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.5 part by mass. If the content of the active energy ray absorbent and / or the antioxidant is 0.01 parts by mass or more, yellowing and haze increase of the obtained cured product can be suppressed, and weather resistance can be improved. If it is 0.5 mass part, it can suppress that the curability of a resin composition and the abrasion resistance of the hardened
- the resin composition is a mold release agent, a lubricant, a plasticizer, an antistatic agent, and a light stabilizer as long as the functions of the polyfunctional monomer (A) and mono (meth) acrylate (B) are not impaired.
- Flame retardants, flame retardant aids, polymerization inhibitors, fillers, silane coupling agents, colorants, reinforcing agents, inorganic fillers, impact modifiers and the like may be included.
- the resin composition may contain a solvent, but preferably does not contain a solvent. When no solvent is contained, the residual solvent can be eliminated in the cured product of the resin composition, the environmental burden can be reduced, solvent treatment equipment is not required, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. .
- the viscosity of the resin composition is preferably 10,000 mPa ⁇ s or less when measured with a rotary B-type viscometer at 25 ° C. when a fine uneven structure is formed by a stamper and cured. More preferably, it is 5000 mPa * s or less, More preferably, it is 2000 mPa * s or less. In addition, even if the viscosity of the resin composition is 10000 mPa ⁇ s or more, when the resin composition having the above-mentioned viscosity can be applied by heating, the workability is not impaired and the viscosity at 25 ° C. It does not have to be. Moreover, it is preferable that the viscosity measured with the rotary B-type viscometer in 70 degreeC of a resin composition is 5000 mPa * s or less, More preferably, it is 2000 mPa * s or less.
- the viscosity of the resin composition is 100 mPa ⁇ as a viscosity measured with a rotary B-type viscometer at 25 ° C. It is preferably s or more, more preferably 150 mPa ⁇ s or more, and particularly preferably 200 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the viscosity of the resin composition is 100 mPa ⁇ s or more, leakage of the resin composition from the stamper can be suppressed, and the thickness of the cured product can be easily adjusted.
- the viscosity of the resin composition can be adjusted by adjusting the type and content of the monomer. Specifically, when a large amount of a monomer containing a functional group having a molecular interaction such as a hydrogen bond or a chemical structure is used, the viscosity of the resin composition increases. Further, when a large amount of a low molecular weight monomer having no intermolecular interaction is used, the viscosity of the resin composition becomes low.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition of the second aspect of the invention contains a polymerizable component (X) and a photopolymerization initiator (XE), and is irradiated with active energy rays to cause a polymerization reaction to proceed and cure.
- the polymerizable component (X) includes a polyfunctional monomer (XA), a polyfunctional monomer (XB), and a bifunctional monomer (XC).
- the polyfunctional monomer (XA) has three or more radically polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, the molecular weight per functional group is less than 110, and the terminal has an ethyl group in the molecule. It is not to be. Since the polyfunctional monomer (XA) has three or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, a cured product having a high crosslinking density and a high elastic modulus and hardness can be obtained, and its scratch resistance can be improved. Fulfill.
- the radically polymerizable functional group in a polyfunctional monomer (XA) molecule is 9 or less, it can suppress that the obtained hardened
- Representative examples of the radical polymerizable functional group include an acryloyl group and a vinyl group.
- the content ratio of the radically polymerizable functional group in the polyfunctional monomer (XA) is set so that the molecular weight of the polyfunctional monomer (XA) per functional group is less than 110. By setting it as such a content rate, the crosslinked density is ensured and the hardened
- the molecular weight per radical polymerizable functional group is a value obtained by dividing the molecular weight of the polyfunctional monomer (XA) by the number of radical polymerizable functional groups. For example, when the polyfunctional monomer (XA) is trimethylolpropane triacrylate, the molecular weight is 296, and the number of radical polymerizable functional groups is three. Therefore, the molecular weight per functional group is 98.7.
- the molecular weight per functional group is an average obtained by dividing the total mass by the number of moles of the radical polymerizable functional group contained. Use the value as the value.
- the polyfunctional monomer (XA) does not have an ethyl group at the terminal in the molecule.
- the ethyl group is present on the surface of the cured product, the surface free energy is reduced, which causes hydrophobicity. Therefore, the cured product surface is easily hydrophilized by not having an ethyl group at the terminal of the polyfunctional monomer (XA).
- Acrylates are preferred over methacrylates.
- the polyfunctional monomer (XB) described later does not have an ethyl group at the terminal in the molecule and the bifunctional monomer (XC) does not have a methyl group at the terminal in the molecule.
- polyfunctional monomer (XA) for example, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and the like can be used. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- the content ratio of the polyfunctional monomer (XA) in the polymerizable component (X) is 15 to 70% by mass, preferably 30 to 60% by mass, more preferably 40 to 50% in the polymerizable component (X). % By mass.
- the content ratio of the polyfunctional monomer (XA) is 15% by mass or more, a cured product having an appropriate elastic modulus, hardness, and scratch resistance can be obtained.
- the content rate of polyfunctional monomer (XA) is 70 mass% or less, it can suppress that the obtained hardened
- the polyfunctional monomer (XB) has 3 or more radical polymerizable functional groups in the molecule, a molecular weight per functional group of 110 or more, and no terminal ethyl group in the molecule. Is.
- the polyfunctional monomer (XB) suppresses the hardness of the cured product from becoming high and fragile by the polyfunctional monomer (XA) unit, and the function of hydrophilizing the cured product surface of the bifunctional monomer (XC) unit to be described later As a unit for assisting, it has a function of adjusting the balance of the entire polymerizable component (X) in the cured product.
- the number of radically polymerizable functional groups in the polyfunctional monomer (XB) may be 3 or more, preferably 4 or more, more preferably 5 or more, and 9 or less. It is preferable because the surface of the cured product has hydrophilicity and scratch resistance.
- Specific examples of the radical polymerizable functional group include the same functional groups as those in the polyfunctional monomer (XA).
- the content ratio of the radical polymerizable functional group in the polyfunctional monomer (XB) is such that the molecular weight of the polyfunctional monomer (XB) per functional group is 110 or more, preferably 150 or more, and 500 or less. However, it is preferable because the surface of the cured product has hydrophilicity and scratch resistance. Calculation method of molecular weight per radical polymerizable functional group and molecular weight per functional group when polyfunctional monomer (XB) is used as a mixture of monomers having different functional groups, the case of polyfunctional monomer (XA) It is the same.
- Examples of such polyfunctional monomer (XB) include alkylene oxide modified pentaerythritol triacrylate, alkylene oxide modified isocyanuric acid triacrylate, alkylene oxide modified glycerin triacrylate, alkylene oxide modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, alkylene oxide modified dipenta.
- Examples include erythritol pentaacrylate, alkylene oxide-modified dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate.
- examples of the alkylene oxide modification include ethylene oxide modification, propylene oxide modification, butylene oxide modification, and the like.
- ethylene oxide-modified pentaerythritol tetraacrylate ethylene oxide-modified dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, or the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content ratio of the polyfunctional monomer (XB) in the polymerizable component (X) is 15 to 50% by mass, preferably 25 to 40% by mass in the polymerizable component (X). If the content rate of polyfunctional monomer (XB) is the said range, in the obtained hardened
- the bifunctional monomer (XC) has two radical polymerizable functional groups and four or more oxyethylene groups (—CH 2 CH 2 O—) in the molecule, and has a methyl group at the terminal. There is nothing. When the bifunctional monomer (C) has four or more oxyethylene groups, hydrophilicity is imparted to the surface of the cured product and dirt such as fingerprints can be easily wiped off.
- the oxyethylene group preferably constitutes a continuous chain polyethylene glycol structure in order to impart hydrophilicity.
- the oxyethylene group preferably constitutes a polyethylene glycol structure having 4 to 30 repeats, more preferably 6 to 25 repeats, and still more preferably 9 to 23 repeats. It is. If the number of repeating oxyethylene groups is 30 or less, crystallization of the bifunctional monomer (XC) is suppressed, handling is easy, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in the crosslinking density in the cured product. it can.
- radical polymerizable functional group in the bifunctional monomer (XC) include the same functional groups as those in the polyfunctional monomer (XA) and the polyfunctional monomer (XB).
- bifunctional monomer (XC) examples include polyethylene glycol diacrylate having 4 to 30 repeating oxyethylene groups. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content ratio of the bifunctional monomer (XC) in the polymerizable component (X) is 15 to 40% by mass, preferably 20 to 30% by mass, more preferably 25% in the polymerizable component (X). ⁇ 30% by mass. If the content ratio of the bifunctional monomer (XC) is 15% by mass or more, sufficient hydrophilicity can be imparted to the surface of the obtained cured product, and if it is 40% by mass or less, a decrease in the crosslinking density is suppressed. A cured product having excellent scratch resistance can be obtained.
- Monofunctional monomer (XD) is a compound that has one radical polymerizable functional group in the molecule and is copolymerizable with the monomer, and is added as necessary within the range that does not inhibit the function of the monomer. Is done.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition is rarely cured by itself to form a molded body, and is usually molded integrally with a substrate and cured as described later.
- the monofunctional monomer (XD) is used for the purpose of increasing the permeability of the active energy ray-curable resin composition to the base material, improving the adhesion between the base material and the cured product, or reducing the viscosity. Therefore, it is preferable to use an optimum monomer for imparting adhesion depending on the material of the substrate.
- radical polymerizable functional group in the monofunctional monomer (XD) molecule examples include a methacryloyl group, an acryloyl group, an acrylamide group, and a vinyl group.
- a hydrophilic monomer as the monofunctional monomer (XD) in order to improve the fingerprint wiping property of the cured product.
- the hydrophilic monomer is a monomer that can be dissolved in 1 g or more in 100 g of water at 25 ° C.
- the monofunctional monomer (XD) may have an ethyl group at the terminal, but when it has an ethyl group at the terminal, it is used within a range that does not impair the hydrophilicity.
- hydrophilic monomers include monofunctional (meth) acrylates, such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, and i-butyl.
- Alkyl (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate; benzyl (meth) acrylate; isobornyl (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl ( (Meth) acrylates having an alicyclic structure such as (meth) acrylate, adamantyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate; dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylamino (Meth) acrylates having amino groups such as propyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylates having hydroxyl groups such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate; (meth)
- the monofunctional monomer (XD) from the viewpoint of polymerization reactivity, it is preferable to use a monomer having a small volume capable of suppressing steric hindrance and having a low hydrophobicity that does not inhibit the soil removal property.
- a monomer having a small volume capable of suppressing steric hindrance and having a low hydrophobicity that does not inhibit the soil removal property include acryloylmorpholine, hydroxyethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylformamide, methyl acrylate, and ethyl acrylate.
- the base material is an acrylic resin
- methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate are particularly preferable. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content ratio of the monofunctional monomer (XD) in the polymerizable component (X) is preferably 0 to 15% by mass, more preferably 0 to 10% by mass in the polymerizable component (X). More preferably, it is 1 to 5% by mass. If the content rate of a monofunctional monomer (XD) is 15 mass% or less, it will not inhibit hardening of an active energy ray-curable resin composition. For this reason, it can suppress that the unreacted monofunctional monomer (XD) which remains in hardened
- polymerizable component (X) does not impair the function of the monomer
- other polymerizable components such as a polyfunctional monomer, a bifunctional monomer, a monofunctional monomer, an oligomer or a polymer having a radical polymerizable functional group are used. May be included.
- the content of these polymerizable components in the polymerizable component (X) is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and still more preferably 10% by mass in the polymerizable component (X). It is as follows.
- the photopolymerization initiator (XE) contained in the active energy ray-curable resin composition of the second invention is a radical capable of initiating a polymerization reaction of the monomer contained in the polymerizable component (X) by irradiation with active energy rays.
- active energy rays include heat rays such as visible light, ultraviolet rays, electron beams, plasma, and infrared rays. Among these, ultraviolet rays are preferable from the viewpoint of apparatus cost and productivity.
- photopolymerization initiator (XE) those described in the first invention can be used. Specifically, benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, Methyl orthobenzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, t-butylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, thioxanthones (2,4-diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, etc.), acetophenones (diethoxyacetophenone, 2 -Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino (4-thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one, 2 Benzyl-2-dimethyla
- persulfates potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, etc.
- peroxides benzoyl peroxide, etc.
- azo initiators etc. can be used in combination as thermal polymerization initiators.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator (XE) is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.2 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable component (X). 3 parts by mass is more preferable. If the content of the photopolymerization initiator (XE) is 0.01 parts by mass or more, the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable component (X) can be completed, and a fine uneven structure can be precisely formed on the surface of the cured product. A cured product having excellent mechanical properties can be obtained.
- the ratio of the photopolymerization initiator (XE) is 10 parts by mass or less, the unreacted photopolymerization initiator (XE) remaining in the cured product acts as a plasticizer and reduces the elastic modulus of the cured product.
- the cured product having excellent scratch resistance can be obtained, and coloring of the cured product can be suppressed.
- the resin composition of the second invention may further contain an ultraviolet absorber and / or an antioxidant (XF), if necessary.
- the ultraviolet absorber and / or antioxidant (XF) absorbs excessive active energy rays that are not used for radical generation of the photopolymerization initiator (XE), and suppresses deterioration of the resin such as coloring. Used for.
- UV absorber examples include UV absorbers such as benzophenone, benzotriazole, hindered amine, benzoate, and triazine.
- UV absorbers such as benzophenone, benzotriazole, hindered amine, benzoate, and triazine.
- commercially available products include “TINUVIN 400” and “TINUVIN 479” manufactured by BASF, “Viosorb110” manufactured by Kyodo Yakuhin Co., Ltd. (all are trade names), and the like.
- antioxidants examples include hindered phenol-based, benzimidazole-based, phosphorus-based, sulfur-based and hindered amine-based antioxidants.
- examples of commercially available products include “IRGANOX (registered trademark)” series manufactured by BASF.
- ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total content of the ultraviolet absorber and / or antioxidant (XF) is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable component (X).
- the above active energy ray-curable resin composition is optionally provided with a surfactant, a release agent, a lubricant, a plasticizer, an antistatic agent, a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid, and a polymerization inhibitor.
- a surfactant e.g., silane coupling agents, colorants, reinforcing agents, inorganic fillers, impact modifiers, and other additives
- silane coupling agents e.g., silane coupling agents, colorants, reinforcing agents, inorganic fillers, impact modifiers, and other additives may be included.
- an oligomer or polymer that does not have a radical polymerizable functional group, a trace amount of an organic solvent, or the like may be included.
- the viscosity of the resin composition measured with a rotary B-type viscometer at 25 ° C. is preferably 10,000 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 5000 mPa ⁇ s or less, and still more preferably 2000 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the viscosity at 25 degreeC is 10,000 mPa * s or more
- the resin composition can contact a stamper by making it the viscosity of the said range by heating, it can use suitably.
- the viscosity of the resin composition at 70 ° C. with a rotary B-type viscometer is preferably 5000 mPa ⁇ s or less, and more preferably 2000 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- a viscosity is 10 mPa * s or more, a stamper can be contacted and it can be used for shape
- the viscosity of the resin composition can be adjusted by selecting the type and content of the monomer to be contained or using a viscosity modifier. Specifically, when a large amount of a monomer containing a functional group having a molecular interaction such as a hydrogen bond or a chemical structure is used, the viscosity of the resin composition increases. Further, when a large amount of a low molecular weight monomer having no intermolecular interaction is used, the viscosity of the resin composition becomes low.
- the resin composition of the present invention has a relatively low viscosity, the obtained cured product has an appropriate hardness. As a result, it has a fine uneven structure with good stamper peeling, and the structure is maintained, has high scratch resistance, and has a hydrophilic cured product with excellent dirt removal such as fingerprint wiping. can do.
- the resin composition of the present invention is polymerized and cured to form a molded product.
- a fine concavo-convex structure having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is extremely useful.
- the fine concavo-convex structure include those having a cured resin layer having a fine concavo-convex structure on the substrate and the surface.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of such a fine concavo-convex structure.
- the fine concavo-convex structure A shown in FIG. 1A is obtained by laminating a cured resin layer (surface layer) 2 obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition of the present invention on a substrate 1.
- the surface of the cured resin layer 2 has a fine uneven structure.
- conical convex portions 3 (concave portions 4) are formed at substantially equal intervals w1.
- the shape 3 of the convex part is a shape in which the cross-sectional area in the vertical plane is continuously increased from the apex side to the base material side, the refractive index can be continuously increased, and the reflectance by wavelength is increased. It is preferable because fluctuation (wavelength dependence) can be suppressed and visible light scattering can be suppressed to achieve a low reflectance.
- the interval w1 between the convex portions is a distance equal to or shorter than the wavelength of visible light (specifically, 400 to 780 nm). If the interval w1 between the convex portions is 400 nm or less, the scattering of visible light can be suppressed, and the antireflection film can be suitably used for optical applications.
- w1 is more preferably 200 nm or less, and particularly preferably 150 nm or less. Further, w1 is preferably 20 nm or more from the viewpoint of easy formation of the convex portion.
- the height of the convex portion (depth of the concave portion), that is, the vertical distance d1 between the bottom point 4a of the concave portion and the top portion 3a of the convex portion (hereinafter referred to as “the height of the convex portion” or “d1” unless otherwise specified).
- the height of the convex portion Is preferably set to such a depth that the reflectance can be prevented from varying with the wavelength. Specifically, 60 nm or more is preferable, 90 nm or more is more preferable, 150 nm or more is further preferable, and 180 nm or more is particularly preferable.
- d1 is around 150 nm, the reflectance of light in the wavelength region of 550 nm that is most easily recognized by humans can be minimized.
- d1 When d1 is 150 nm or more, the higher the d1 is, the higher the maximum reflectance and the lowest reflectance in the visible light region are. The difference in reflectance is reduced. For this reason, if d1 is 150 nm or more, the wavelength dependency of the reflected light is reduced, and the difference in visual color is not recognized.
- the interval w1 and the height d1 of the convex portions are arithmetic average values of measured values obtained by measurement in an image with an acceleration voltage of 3.00 kV using a field emission scanning electron microscope (JSM-7400F: manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). Can be adopted.
- the convex part 3 may have a bell shape as shown in FIG. 1 (b), and other shapes in which the cross-sectional area in the vertical plane continuously increases from the apex side to the base material side, for example, A truncated cone shape can be adopted.
- the cured resin layer is a film made of a cured product of the resin composition, and has a fine uneven structure on the surface.
- the fine concavo-convex structure is preferably a structure in which protrusions (convex portions) having a substantially conical shape or a pyramid shape are regularly arranged.
- the shape of the convex part is a shape in which the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the height direction decreases continuously from the substrate surface toward the top, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the convex part in the height direction is triangular, trapezoidal, bell-shaped Etc. are preferable.
- the fine uneven structure is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. Moreover, the fine concavo-convex structure should just be formed in the surface of a fine concavo-convex structure body, for example, is formed in the single side
- a moth-eye structure in which the interval between the convex portions is equal to or less than the wavelength of visible light is preferable, and the moth-eye structure on the surface of the cured product is continuously changed from the refractive index of air to the refractive index of the cured product.
- the average interval w1 between the convex portions is preferably not more than the wavelength of visible light, that is, not more than 400 nm. If w1 is 400 nm or less, the scattering of visible light is suppressed and an antireflection effect is obtained.
- w1 is more preferably 200 nm or less, and particularly preferably 150 nm or less. Further, w1 is preferably 20 nm or more from the viewpoint of easy formation of the convex portion.
- the average interval w1 between the convex portions is obtained by measuring 50 intervals between the adjacent convex portions (distance from the center of the convex portion to the center of the adjacent convex portion) in the electron microscope image, and calculating these measured values. The value obtained in this way is adopted.
- the height d1 of the convex portion is preferably 80 to 500 nm, more preferably 120 to 400 nm, and particularly preferably 150 to 300 nm when w1 is 100 nm. If d1 is 80 nm or more, the reflectance is sufficiently reduced, and the variation of the reflectance due to the wavelength, that is, the wavelength dependence of the reflectance is small. If d1 is 500 nm or less, the scratch resistance of the convex portion will be good.
- the height d1 of the convex portion was measured by measuring 50 points on the vertical plane between the topmost portion of the convex portion and the bottommost portion of the concave portion existing between the convex portions in the 30000 times image of the electron microscope. It is a value obtained by arithmetically averaging the measured values.
- the aspect ratio of the convex portions (height of convex portions d1 / average interval w1 between the convex portions) is preferably 0.8 to 5, more preferably 1.2 to 4, and particularly preferably 1.5 to 3. If the aspect ratio of the convex portion is 1.0 or more, the reflectance is sufficiently low, and if it is 5 or less, the scratch resistance of the convex portion is good.
- the difference in refractive index between the cured resin layer and the substrate is preferably within 0.2, more preferably within 0.1, and particularly preferably within 0.05. If the refractive index difference is within 0.2, reflection at the interface between the cured resin layer and the substrate can be suppressed.
- the substrate may be any material as long as it can support a cured resin layer having a fine concavo-convex structure.
- the fine concavo-convex structure when applied to a display member, it is transparent, that is, transmits light. Those are preferred.
- Examples of the material constituting the transparent substrate include synthetic polymers such as methyl methacrylate (co) polymer, polycarbonate, styrene (co) polymer, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, Semi-synthetic polymers such as cellulose acetate butyrate, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polylactic acid, polyamide, polyimide, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetal, polyether ketone, Examples thereof include polyurethane, composites of these polymers (composites of polymethyl methacrylate and polylactic acid, composites of polymethyl methacrylate and polyvinyl chloride, etc.), and glass.
- synthetic polymers such as methyl methacrylate (co) polymer, polycarbonate, styrene (co) polymer, methyl me
- the shape of the substrate may be any of a sheet shape, a film shape, and the like, and the manufacturing method thereof may be any one manufactured by any manufacturing method such as injection molding, extrusion molding, cast molding, and the like. Furthermore, the surface of the transparent substrate may be subjected to coating or corona treatment for the purpose of improving properties such as adhesion, antistatic properties, scratch resistance, and weather resistance.
- Such a fine concavo-convex structure can be applied as an antireflection film, and can provide high scratch resistance and contaminant removal effects such as excellent fingerprint removability.
- a resin composition is disposed between a stamper on which an inverted structure of a fine concavo-convex structure is formed and a substrate, and the resin composition is irradiated by active energy ray irradiation.
- the method (1) is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of the transferability of the fine concavo-convex structure and the degree of freedom of the surface composition.
- This method is particularly suitable when a belt-shaped roll stamper capable of continuous production is used, and is an excellent method of productivity.
- the stamper has an inverted structure of the fine uneven structure formed on the surface of the fine uneven structure on the surface.
- the material of the stamper include metals (including those having an oxide film formed on the surface), quartz, glass, resin, ceramics, and the like.
- the shape of the stamper include a roll shape, a circular tube shape, a flat plate shape, and a sheet shape.
- the method for forming the inverted structure of the fine concavo-convex structure on the stamper is not particularly limited, and specific examples thereof include an electron beam lithography method and a laser beam interference method.
- an appropriate photoresist film is applied on an appropriate support substrate, exposed to light such as an ultraviolet laser, an electron beam, or X-ray, and developed to obtain a mold having a fine concavo-convex structure. It can also be used as a stamper. It is also possible to form a fine concavo-convex structure directly on the support substrate itself by selectively etching the support substrate by dry etching through the photoresist layer and removing the resist layer.
- anodized porous alumina can be used as a stamper.
- a pore structure of 20 to 200 nm formed by anodizing aluminum with oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or the like as an electrolyte at a predetermined voltage may be used as a stamper. According to this method, after anodizing high-purity aluminum for a long time at a constant voltage, the oxide film is once removed and then anodized again, whereby extremely highly regular pores can be formed in a self-organized manner.
- the second anodic oxidation step by combining the anodic oxidation treatment and the hole diameter enlargement treatment, it is possible to form a fine concavo-convex structure whose cross section is not a rectangle but a triangle or a bell shape. Further, the angle of the innermost portion of the pore can be sharpened by appropriately adjusting the time and conditions of the anodizing treatment and the pore diameter expanding treatment.
- a replica mold may be produced from an original mold having a fine concavo-convex structure by electroforming or the like and used as a stamper.
- the shape of the stamper itself is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a flat plate shape, a belt shape, or a roll shape.
- the fine concavo-convex structure can be transferred continuously, and the productivity can be further increased.
- a resin composition is disposed between such a stamper and a base material.
- the resin composition is injected into the molding cavity by pressing the stamper and the base material in a state where the resin composition is arranged between the stamper and the base material. You can depend on how you do it.
- polymerization curing by ultraviolet irradiation is preferable.
- a high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, or a fusion lamp can be used as the lamp that irradiates ultraviolet rays.
- the integrated light quantity is preferably 400 ⁇ 4000mJ / cm 2, more preferably 400 ⁇ 2000mJ / cm 2.
- the resin composition can be sufficiently cured to suppress the scratch resistance from being insufficiently cured. Also. If the integrated light quantity is 4000 mJ / cm 2 or less, it is significant in terms of preventing coloration of the cured product and deterioration of the substrate.
- the irradiation intensity is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to suppress the output to a level that does not cause deterioration of the substrate.
- the stamper After polymerization and curing, the stamper is peeled off to obtain a cured product having a fine concavo-convex structure to obtain a fine concavo-convex structure.
- the formed fine concavo-convex structure can be attached to a separately shaped three-dimensional shaped body.
- the fine concavo-convex structure obtained in this way has the fine concavo-convex structure of the stamper transferred to the surface in the relationship between the key and the keyhole, has high scratch resistance, and is also provided between the contaminants adhering to the surface and the surface. It has hydrophilicity that promotes the introduction of water and has the effect of removing contaminants, and can exhibit excellent antireflection performance due to a continuous change in refractive index. Is preferred.
- Such a fine concavo-convex structure is suitable as a display member of an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display panel, an electroluminescence display, or a cathode ray tube display device such as a computer, a television set, or a mobile phone.
- an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display panel, an electroluminescence display, or a cathode ray tube display device such as a computer, a television set, or a mobile phone.
- it can be used by attaching a fine concavo-convex structure to the surface of an object such as a lens, a show window, a spectacle lens, and other optical applications such as an optical waveguide, a relief hologram, a lens, and a polarization separation element. It can also be applied to cell culture sheet applications.
- a stamper made of anodized porous alumina is useful for forming fine irregularities.
- a method for forming a stamper useful for the present invention by forming a plurality of fine pores having a predetermined shape on the surface of an aluminum substrate by anodic oxidation will be described with reference to the process diagram of FIG.
- Step (a) Step (a) is a step of forming an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum substrate by anodizing the aluminum substrate 10 in an electrolytic solution under a constant voltage.
- the aluminum substrate preferably uses aluminum having a purity of 99% or more, more preferably has a purity of 99.5% or more, and further preferably has a purity of 99.8% or more.
- the purity of aluminum is high, when anodized, it is difficult to form a concavo-convex structure having a size that scatters visible light due to segregation of impurities, and pores formed by anodization are regularly formed.
- the shape of the aluminum substrate may be a desired shape such as a roll shape, a tubular shape, a flat plate shape, or a sheet shape, and is preferably a roll shape when the fine concavo-convex structure is obtained as a continuous film or sheet.
- the aluminum base material may be attached with oil used when processing into a predetermined shape, it is preferable to degrease in advance and smooth the surface by electrolytic polishing (etching). .
- the electrolytic solution sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid or the like is used.
- oxalic acid when used as the electrolytic solution, when the oxalic acid concentration is 0.7 M or less, the current value can be kept low, and a dense oxide film can be formed.
- the formation voltage is 30 to 60 V, an anodized porous alumina layer in which pores are formed with a regularity of about 100 nm is formed. Regardless of whether the formation voltage is higher or lower than this range, the regularity of the formed pores tends to decrease.
- the temperature of the electrolytic solution is preferably 60 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 45 ° C. or lower. When the temperature of the electrolytic solution is 60 ° C. or lower, the generation of so-called “burn” is suppressed, and the pores are broken or the surface is melted to form irregular pores.
- the electrolytic solution is sulfuric acid
- the concentration of sulfuric acid when the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.7 M or less, the current value is kept low, and an oxide film having a dense structure can be formed.
- the formation voltage is 25 to 30 V
- the temperature of the electrolytic solution is preferably 30 ° C. or less, and more preferably 20 ° C. or less. If the temperature of the electrolytic solution is 30 ° C. or lower, the occurrence of so-called “burn” is suppressed, and the pores are broken or the surface is melted to form irregular pores.
- Step (b) In the step (b), the oxide film is removed, and a pore generation point for anodic oxidation is formed on the surface of the aluminum substrate in the portion of the pore 12 formed in the oxide film in the step (a). That is, when the oxide film 14 formed in the step (a) is removed, the recess 16 is formed in the aluminum base material in the portion of the pores 12. By using the recess 16 as a pore generation point for anodic oxidation, regularly arranged pores can be generated.
- a solution that does not dissolve aluminum but selectively dissolves the oxide film is used. Examples of such a solution include a chromic acid / phosphoric acid mixed solution.
- Step (c) is a step of forming pores by anodizing the aluminum substrate again and forming an oxide film at the pore generation points.
- the aluminum substrate 10 from which the oxide film has been removed in step (b) is anodized again to form an oxide film 15 having cylindrical pores 13.
- Anodization can be performed under the same conditions as in step (a). Deeper pores can be obtained as the anodic oxidation time is lengthened.
- Step (d) is a step of expanding the diameter of the pores.
- the diameter of the pores formed by anodic oxidation is increased by immersing the oxide film in a solution.
- a solution for example, a phosphoric acid aqueous solution of about 5% by mass can be used. Since the pore diameter 13 can be expanded as the time for the pore diameter expansion process is lengthened, the processing time is set according to the target shape.
- Step (e) is a step of anodizing the aluminum base material after the pore diameter expansion treatment again.
- the depth of the pores 13 is extended as the oxide film 15 becomes thicker.
- Anodization can be performed under the same conditions as in step (a) (step (c)). The longer the anodic oxidation time, the deeper the pores.
- Step (f) In this step, the step (d) and the step (e) are repeated, and the diameter expansion and expansion of the pores 13 are repeated.
- the stamper B in which the oxide film 15 having the pores 13 whose diameter continuously decreases in the depth direction from the opening is formed, and the convex portion of the anodized alumina is formed on the surface of the aluminum base material. Can be obtained. It is preferable that the last end is step (d).
- the total number of repetitions is preferably 3 times or more, and more preferably 5 times or more. If the number of repetitions is 3 times or more, it is possible to form pores whose diameter changes continuously, and to form a cured product having a surface of a moth-eye structure that can reduce the reflectance by such a stamper. Can do.
- the shape of the pores 13 is an inverted structure of fine irregularities formed on the surface of the article, and specifically includes a substantially conical shape, a pyramid shape, a cylindrical shape, etc., such as a conical shape, a pyramid shape, etc.
- a shape in which the pore cross-sectional area in the direction orthogonal to the depth direction continuously decreases from the outermost surface in the depth direction is preferable.
- the average interval between the pores 13 is preferably not more than the wavelength of visible light, that is, not more than 400 nm, and more preferably not less than 20 nm.
- the average interval between the pores the interval between adjacent pores in the electron microscope image (distance from the center of the pore to the center of the adjacent pore) is measured at 50 points, and the average value of these values is adopted. .
- the depth of the pores 13 is preferably 80 to 500 nm, more preferably 120 to 400 nm, and even more preferably 150 to 300 nm when the average interval is 100 nm.
- 50 points of the distance between the bottom and top of the pores in an electron microscope 30000 times image are measured, and an average value of these values is adopted.
- the aspect ratio (depth / average interval) of the pores 13 is preferably 0.8 to 5.0, more preferably 1.2 to 4.0, and still more preferably 1.5 to 3.0.
- the stamper can also treat the surface on which the fine relief structure is formed with a release agent.
- a silicone resin, a fluororesin, a fluorine compound or the like can be used, and a fluorine compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group is particularly preferable.
- fluorine compounds having hydrolyzable silyl groups include fluoroalkylsilanes, KBM-7803 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), MRAF (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), OPTOOL HD1100, HD2100 series (Co., Ltd.) Harvez), OPTOOL AES4, AES6 (Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Novec EGC-1720 (Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), FS-2050 series (Fluoro Technology Co., Ltd.) (all trade names), etc. Can be mentioned.
- the fine concavo-convex structure A created using the stamper having the shape created above has a cured resin layer 44 formed on the surface of the substrate 42 as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the cured resin layer 44 has a fine concavo-convex structure having a plurality of convex portions 46 formed of a resin composition cured by being brought into contact with the above-described stamper.
- the imprinting raw material is not particularly limited as long as it contains a resin composition, and the resin composition can be used as it is, but contains various additives depending on the intended molded product. It is also possible.
- the raw material for imprinting can also be used for forming a cured product by UV curing or heat curing using a stamper. It is also possible to use a method in which a stamper is pressed against a resin composition that has been semi-cured by heating, the shape is transferred, peeled off from the stamper, and completely cured by heat or UV.
- the resin composition can also be used as a raw material for forming a cured film on various substrates, and can form a coated film as a coating material and irradiate active energy rays to form a cured product. it can.
- the fine concavo-convex structure having the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface can be continuously produced, for example, using a production apparatus shown in FIG.
- a roll-shaped stamper 20 having a reverse structure (not shown) having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, and a tank 22 for storing a resin composition.
- the resin composition is supplied from the tank 22 between the roll-shaped stamper 20 and the base material 42 of the translucent belt-shaped film that moves along the surface thereof.
- the base material 42 and the resin composition are nipped between the roll stamper 20 and the nip roll 26 whose nip pressure is adjusted by the pneumatic cylinder 24, and the resin composition is interposed between the base material 42 and the roll stamper 20. And at the same time, it fills in the recesses of the fine uneven structure of the roll stamper 20.
- An active energy ray irradiation device 28 is installed below the roll-shaped stamper 20, and the resin composition is irradiated with active energy rays through the substrate 42 so that the resin composition is cured. Thereby, the cured resin layer 44 to which the fine uneven structure on the surface of the roll-shaped stamper 20 is transferred is formed. Then, the continuous fine concavo-convex structure 40 in which the cured resin layer 44 having the fine concavo-convex structure formed on the surface and the base material 42 are integrated is peeled off by the peeling roll 30.
- the active energy ray irradiation device 28 a high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp or the like is preferable.
- the amount of light irradiation energy is preferably 100 to 10,000 mJ / cm 2 .
- acrylic resin, polycarbonate, styrene resin, polyester, cellulose resin (such as triacetyl cellulose), polyolefin, alicyclic polyolefin, or the like can be used.
- the fine concavo-convex structure obtained in this way has high scratch resistance of the fine concavo-convex structure, good dirt removal properties such as fingerprint wiping properties, antireflection articles (antireflection film, antireflection film, etc.), optical Optical articles such as waveguides, relief holograms, lenses, polarization separation elements, etc .; application development as cell culture sheets can be expected, and it is particularly suitable for use as an antireflection article.
- antireflection article examples include an antireflection film provided on the surface of an image display device (liquid crystal display device, plasma display panel, electroluminescence display, cathode tube display device, etc.), lens, show window, glasses, etc.
- antireflection Examples thereof include a film and an antireflection sheet.
- an antireflection film may be directly attached to the image display surface, an antireflection film may be directly formed on the surface of a member constituting the image display surface, or an antireflection film is formed on the front plate. May be formed.
- part means “part by mass” unless otherwise specified.
- Various measurements and evaluation methods are as follows.
- a film having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is attached to a black acrylic plate, and 1 ⁇ l of artificial material is applied to the surface of the fine concavo-convex structure (surface having the fine concavo-convex structure) on the stamp surface.
- a disc-shaped rubber stamp with a diameter of 10 mm, to which a fingerprint liquid (prepared according to the description of JIS K2246: 2007) is attached, is pressed at a pressure of 100 g / cm 2 for 3 seconds, and the artificial fingerprint liquid is applied to the surface of the fine uneven structure. Attached.
- the attached artificial fingerprint liquid was wiped with a wet tissue (Nippon Ryutsu Sangyo Co., Ltd., non-alcohol type), then visually observed for appearance and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
- the evaluation was performed by tilting the sample in various directions under a fluorescent lamp (1000 lux) under an environment of a room temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65%.
- the evaluation of water droplets was performed by observing 1 ⁇ l of distilled water dropped from a syringe on the surface of the fine uneven structure of a sample placed horizontally.
- ⁇ Traces of fingerprints are not visible and does not play even if water drops are dropped.
- ⁇ The trace of fingerprint attachment is not visible, but it plays when a drop of water is dropped.
- X The trace of fingerprint adhesion is visible.
- the fine concavo-convex structure was held indoors over a fluorescent lamp, the appearance was visually observed, and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. ⁇ : Less than 5 scratches that can be confirmed ⁇ : 5 or more but less than 20 scratches that can be confirmed ⁇ : 20 or more scratches that can be confirmed
- An aluminum plate 30 having a purity of 99.99% was mirror polished by feather polishing and electrolytic polishing in a perchloric acid / ethanol mixed solution (1/4 volume ratio).
- Step (a) The aluminum plate 30 was anodized in a 0.3 M oxalic acid aqueous solution at a direct current of 40 V and a temperature of 16 ° C. for 30 minutes to cause cracks 31 in the oxide film 32.
- anodized film 34 was formed by performing anodization for 30 seconds at a direct current of 40 V and a temperature of 16 ° C. in a 0.3 M oxalic acid aqueous solution.
- the oxide film 34 had pores 31.
- Step (e) Steps (c) and (d) were repeated 5 times in total to obtain anodized porous alumina having substantially conical pores 31 with a period of 100 nm and a depth of 180 nm.
- the obtained anodized porous alumina was washed with deionized water, the water on the surface was removed by air blow, and the surface antifouling coating agent (manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd., trade name: OPTOOL DSX) with a solid content of 0.1 mass % was immersed in a solution diluted with a diluent (trade name HD-ZV, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) for 10 minutes and air-dried for 20 hours to obtain a stamper 20.
- a diluent trade name HD-ZV, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
- Table 1 shows the polyfunctional monomer (A) used in Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and the value obtained by dividing the molecular weight by the number of radical polymerizable functional groups (molecular weight per functional group).
- UA1 Urethane acrylate compound obtained in Synthesis Example 1
- ATM-4E Ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name NK ester ATM-4E)
- A-TMPT-3EO ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name NK ester TMPT-3EO)
- A-TMPT-9EO ethoxylated trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name NK ester TMPT-9EO)
- MA Methyl acrylate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation).
- DPHA dipentaerythritol (penta / hexa) acrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: NK ester A-DPH).
- AM121 Internal mold release agent (trade name Mold with AM-121, manufactured by ICMG)
- DAR TPO 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (trade name DAROCURE TPO manufactured by BASF).
- WE97A Polyethylene terephthalate film (Mitsubishi Resin Co., Ltd., trade name Mitsubishi Diafoil WE97A, thickness 38 ⁇ m).
- A-4300 Polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name Cosmo Shine A-4300, thickness 188 ⁇ m).
- Example 1 [Preparation of resin composition] 70 parts of UA1 obtained in Synthesis Example 1 as the polyfunctional monomer (A), 30 parts of AM90G as mono (meth) acrylate (B) having a polyethylene glycol structure in which the number of repeating ethylene glycol units is 9 or more, active energy As a linear polymerization initiator, 0.5 part of DAR TPO and 0.1 part of AM121 as an internal mold release agent were mixed to prepare an active energy ray-curable resin composition.
- This active energy ray-curable resin composition was poured onto the surface of the stamper having pores formed thereon, and a 38 ⁇ m-thick polyethylene terephthalate film (WE97A) was applied on the surface while being spread. Thereafter, the resin composition was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the film side using a fusion lamp at a belt speed of 6.0 m / min so as to obtain an integrated light quantity of 1000 mJ / cm 2 . Next, the film and the stamper were peeled off to obtain a fine concavo-convex structure.
- WE97A polyethylene terephthalate film
- the fine concavo-convex structure of the stamper is transferred, and as shown in FIG. A substantially conical fine concavo-convex structure with d1 of 180 nm or 150 nm was formed. Moreover, this fine concavo-convex structure was evaluated for fingerprint stain removal performance, appearance change due to water wiping, and scratch resistance. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 2 to 12 Comparative Examples 1 to 5
- a fine concavo-convex structure was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomer composition was changed as shown in Tables 2 to 4, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained results are shown in Tables 2 to 4.
- the unit of the blending amount in each table is “part”.
- Example 13 to 17 A fine concavo-convex structure was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomer composition was changed as shown in Table 5, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed.
- the scratch resistance is scratch resistance 2.
- the results obtained are shown in Table 5.
- the unit of the blending amount in each table is “part”.
- the fine concavo-convex structure obtained by curing the resin composition of the example has good fingerprint removal performance, water resistance that does not impair the appearance by water wiping, and scratch resistance (water wiping). Of repetition).
- Comparative Examples 1, 3 and 6 since hydrophilic monomers are not appropriate, fingerprint stains cannot be removed even when 30 parts are added. When 40 parts are added as in Comparative Example 2, the appearance of the film is damaged by wiping with water. It was. In Comparative Example 4, since the addition amount of the hydrophilic monomer was small, the fingerprint removability was impaired. In Comparative Examples 5 and 7, since the polyfunctional monomer is not appropriate, the resin hardness was low in Comparative Example 5, and the appearance of the film was damaged by wiping with water. In Comparative Example 7, the hardness of the resin was high, but it was brittle and cracked when peeled off from the stamper, and recovery / evaluation was not possible.
- Table 6 shows the abbreviations of compounds used in Examples 18 to 25 and Comparative Examples 8 to 13, the number of functional groups, and the molecular weight per functional group. Note that “′” attached to the monomer type indicates a monomer similar to the type.
- DPHA dipentaerythritol (penta / hexa) acrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: NK ester A-DPH).
- PETA Pentaerythritol (tri / tetra) acrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: NK ester A-TMM-3).
- DTMPTA ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate (Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: NK ester AD-TMP).
- TMPTA trimethylolpropane triacrylate (Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: NK Ester A-TMPT).
- MA Methyl acrylate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation).
- HEA Hydroxyethyl acrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- Example 18 As a monomer, 25 parts by mass of DPHA, 25 parts by mass of PETA, 25 parts by mass of DPHA-12E and 25 parts by mass of PEGDA-14E were taken, and as this, IRGACURE 184 (trade name, manufactured by BASF) was 1.0 part by mass. Part and IRGACURE819 (manufactured by BASF, trade name) 0.5 parts by mass were mixed to prepare an active energy ray-curable resin composition. The obtained active energy ray-curable resin composition was dropped on the surface of the stamper prepared in Production Example 1 and covered with a 188 ⁇ m-thick polyethylene terephthalate film (A-4300), and then coated from the film side.
- IRGACURE 184 trade name, manufactured by BASF
- IRGACURE819 manufactured by BASF, trade name
- Example 19 to 25 A fine concavo-convex structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the composition of the active energy ray-curable resin composition was changed to the composition shown in Table 7 or Table 8. Evaluation similar to Example 18 was performed about the obtained fine concavo-convex structure. The results are shown in Table 7 and Table 8.
- the articles obtained in Examples 18 to 25 had good scratch resistance, fingerprint wiping property, and water resistance.
- the article obtained in Comparative Example 8 and Comparative Example 9 that does not use the polyfunctional monomer (XA) and the article obtained in Comparative Example 10 that does not use the bifunctional monomer (XC) are impaired in the fingerprint wiping property. It was.
- the article obtained in Comparative Example 11 using a large amount of the bifunctional monomer (C) without using the polyfunctional monomer (XB) was impaired in scratch resistance and water resistance.
- the fine concavo-convex structure obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition of the present invention has high fingerprint stain removal performance while maintaining excellent optical performance as a fine concavo-convex structure, for example, It can be used for display materials such as mobile phones, TVs, personal computers, and building materials such as windows and showcases, and is extremely useful industrially.
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Abstract
Description
(i)微細凹凸構造の反転構造を表面に有するスタンパを用い、熱可塑性樹脂を射出成形またはプレス成形して、熱可塑性樹脂成形体の表面に微細凹凸構造を転写する方法;
(ii)微細凹凸構造の反転構造を表面に有するスタンパと透明基材との間に、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を充填し、活性エネルギー線の照射によって硬化させた後、スタンパを剥離して硬化物に微細凹凸構造を転写する方法;および
(iii)前記スタンパと透明基材との間に、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を充填した後、スタンパを剥離して活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物に微細凹凸構造を転写し、その後、活性エネルギー線の照射によって活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させる方法。
(1)ウレタンアクリレート等のアクリレートオリゴマーと離型剤を必須成分とする光硬化性樹脂組成物(特許文献3);
(2)エトキシ化ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリレート、N-ビニルピロリドン等の反応性希釈剤、光重合開始剤およびフッ素系界面活性剤から構成される光硬化性樹脂組成物(特許文献4);及び
(3)トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート等の多官能(メタ)アクリレート、光重合開始剤およびポリエーテル変性シリコーンオイル等のレベリング剤を含む紫外線硬化性樹脂組成物(特許文献1)。
該樹脂組成物の組成が、
(1)多官能モノマー(A)、およびエチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数が9以上であるポリエチレングリコール構造を有するモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)を含み、該多官能モノマー(A)の含有量が70~95質量部、モノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)の含有量が5~30質量部であり(樹脂組成物中に含まれる総てのモノマーの含有量の合計を100質量部とする)、
該多官能モノマー(A)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有し、かつその分子量をラジカル重合性官能基の数で除した値(官能基当たりの分子量)が110~200である;または
(2)重合性成分(X)が、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110未満であり、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない多官能モノマー(XA)15~70質量%、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110以上であり、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない多官能モノマー(XB)15~50質量%および分子内に2個のラジカル重合性の官能基及び4個以上のオキシエチレン基を有し、かつ、末端にメチル基を有さない2官能モノマー(XC)15~40質量%を含み、さらに、光重合開始剤(XE)を含む;
ことを特徴とする活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物である。
該多官能モノマー(A)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有し、かつその分子量をラジカル重合性官能基の数で除した値(官能基当たりの分子量)が110~200であることを特徴とする活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物である。
該微細凹凸構造の反転構造が形成されたスタンパと基材との間に、上記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を配し、活性エネルギー線を照射して該活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化した後、スタンパを剥離して、表面に微細凹凸構造を有する硬化樹脂層を形成する微細凹凸構造体の製造方法である。
多官能モノマー(A)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有し、かつその分子量をラジカル重合性官能基の数で除した値、分子量/ラジカル重合性官能基の数が110~200であることを特徴とする。
多官能モノマー(A)は、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物(以下、特に断らない限り、「樹脂組成物」という)の主成分であり、その硬化物の機械特性、特に耐擦傷性を良好に維持する役割を果たす。多官能モノマー(A)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有する。これにより、得られる樹脂組成物の硬化物の架橋点間距離が小さくなり、架橋密度を高くして、硬化物の弾性率や硬度を高くし、耐擦傷性に優れたものとすることができる。このラジカル重合性官能基として、代表的にはメタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基を挙げることができる。
エチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数が9以上であるポリエチレングリコール構造を有するモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)は、分子内に1個のラジカル重合性官能基とエチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数が9以上であるポリエチレングリコール構造を有する化合物である。モノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)が、ポリエチレングリコール構造を有することにより、得られる硬化物に適度な親水性を付与することができ、微細凹凸構造を有する表面に付着する汚染物の除去、特に、指紋の除去を容易にし、しかも、硬化物の吸水を抑制し、表面に形成された微細凹凸構造を維持することができる。ポリエチレングリコール構造中のエチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数は、12以上が好ましく、20以下であることが、硬化物において、架橋密度が低減し、低硬度になるのを抑制でき、微細凹凸構造を維持できることから、好ましい。
上記樹脂組成物は、分子内に1個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有するモノマー(C)を含んでいてもよい。モノマー(C)は、多官能モノマー(A)及びモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)と重合可能なモノマーで、樹脂組成物全体としての重合反応性を良好に維持しつつ、ハンドリング性や基材との密着性を更に向上するものであることが好ましい。本モノマー(C)は、モノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)の含有量の調整において使用することが好ましい。
本第1の発明においては、樹脂組成物が、スリップ剤(D)を含むことが好ましい。スリップ剤(D)は樹脂硬化物の表面に存在し、表面における摩擦を低減し、耐擦傷性を向上させる化合物である。スリップ剤(D)としては、得られる硬化物表面を親水性にするものが、付着した汚れと硬化物間への水の浸入を促進させ、汚れの除去性能を付与できることから、好ましい。このようなスリップ剤として、ポリエーテル変性したシリコーン化合物、特に界面活性剤の特性値であるHLB値として、10以上を示すシリコーン系化合物が好ましい。このようなHLB値が10以上のスリップ剤(D)として、例えば 東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製「SH3746FLUID」「FZ-77」、信越化学工業(株)製「KF-355A」、「KF-6011」等(いずれも商品名)を挙げることができる。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記樹脂組成物は、活性エネルギー線重合開始剤を含むことが好ましい。活性エネルギー線重合開始剤は、活性エネルギー線の照射によって開裂し、重合反応を開始させるラジカルを発生する化合物である。ここで「活性エネルギー線」とは、例えば、電子線、紫外線、可視光線、プラズマ、赤外線などの熱線等を意味する。特に、装置コストや生産性の観点から、紫外線を用いることが好ましい。
上記樹脂組成物の粘度は、スタンパにより微細凹凸構造を形成して硬化させる場合、25℃における回転式B型粘度計で測定される粘度が、10000mPa・s以下であることが、好ましい。より好ましくは5000mPa・s以下、更に好ましくは2000mPa・s以下である。なお、樹脂組成物の粘度が10000mPa・s以上であっても、加温により上記範囲の粘度の樹脂組成物を適用できる場合は、作業性を損なうことがなく、25℃における上記粘度を有するものでなくてもよい。また、樹脂組成物の70℃における回転式B型粘度計で測定される粘度が、5000mPa・s以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは2000mPa・s以下である。
[多官能モノマー(XA)]
多官能モノマー(XA)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110未満であり、かつ、分子内に末端にエチル基を有さないものである。多官能モノマー(XA)が、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有することにより、架橋密度が高く、弾性率や硬度の高い硬化物が得られ、その耐擦傷性を向上させる役割を果たす。また、多官能モノマー(XA)分子中のラジカル重合性の官能基は、9個以下であることが、得られる硬化物が脆弱になるのを抑制できることから、好ましい。ラジカル重合性の官能基として、代表的にはアクリロイル基、ビニル基等を挙げることができる。
多官能モノマー(XB)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基当りの分子量が110以上であり、かつ、分子内に末端にエチル基を有さないものである。多官能モノマー(XB)は、多官能モノマー(XA)単位によって硬化物の硬度が高くなり脆弱になるのを抑制すると共に、後述する2官能モノマー(XC)単位の硬化物表面の親水化の機能を補助する単位として、硬化物中における重合性成分(X)全体としてのバランスを調整する機能を有する。
2官能モノマー(XC)は、分子内に2個のラジカル重合性の官能基及び4個以上のオキシエチレン基(-CH2CH2O-)を有し、かつ、末端にメチル基を有さないものである。2官能モノマー(C)が4個以上のオキシエチレン基を有することにより、硬化物表面に親水性を付与し、指紋等の汚れの拭き取りを容易にする。
単官能モノマー(XD)は、分子内に1個のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、上記モノマーと共重合可能な化合物であり、上記モノマーの機能を阻害しない範囲において、必要に応じて添加される。上記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物は、それのみで硬化させて成形体を形成することは少なく、通常、後述するように、基材上にこれと一体化して硬化して成形される。単官能モノマー(XD)は、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の基材への浸透性を上昇させ基材と硬化物との密着性を向上させたり、粘度を低下させる目的で用いられる。そのため、基材の材質に応じて、密着性付与のための最適なモノマーを用いることが好ましい。
重合性成分(X)は、上記モノマーの機能を阻害しない範囲において、その他の重合性成分である、多官能モノマー、2官能モノマー、単官能モノマー、ラジカル重合性官能基を有するオリゴマーやポリマー等を含んでいてもよい。これらの重合性成分の重合性成分(X)中の含有割合は、重合性成分(X)のうち、30質量%以下が好ましく、より好ましくは20質量%以下であり、更に好ましくは10質量%以下である。
本第2発明の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物に含まれる光重合開始剤(XE)は、活性エネルギー線の照射により、重合性成分(X)に含まれるモノマーの重合反応を開始させ得るラジカルを発生する化合物である。活性エネルギー線としては、可視光線、紫外線、電子線、プラズマ、赤外線等の熱線等を挙げることができ、これらのうち紫外線が、装置コストや生産性の点から、好ましい。
本第2発明の樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて、紫外線吸収剤及び/又は酸化防止剤(XF)等を更に含んでもよい。紫外線吸収剤及び/又は酸化防止剤(XF)は、光重合開始剤(XE)のラジカル発生に用いられない過剰な活性エネルギー線を吸収し、着色等樹脂の劣化が発生するのを抑制するために用いられる。
本第2発明の樹脂組成物も、スタンパにより微細凹凸構造を形成して硬化させる場合、第1発明におけると同様に、スタンパの表面の微細凹凸構造への流れ込みやすさの点から、適度な粘度を有することが好ましい。25℃における回転式B型粘度計で測定した、樹脂組成物の粘度は10000mPa・s以下が好ましく、より好ましくは5000mPa・s以下であり、更に好ましくは2000mPa・s以下である。なお、樹脂組成物が、25℃における粘度が10000mPa・s以上であっても、加温により上記範囲の粘度とすることによりスタンパに接触可能であるならば、好適に用いることができる。この場合、樹脂組成物の70℃における回転式B型粘度計での粘度が、5000mPa・s以下であることが好ましく、2000mPa・s以下であることがより好ましい。また、粘度は、10mPa・s以上であれば、スタンパとの接触が可能であり、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する硬化物を成形するのに用いうる。
本発明の樹脂組成物は、重合及び硬化させて成形品とする。そのような成形品として、特に微細凹凸構造を表面に有する微細凹凸構造体は極めて有用である。微細凹凸構造体としては、例えば、基材と表面に微細凹凸構造を有する硬化樹脂層を有するものを挙げることができる。
微細凹凸構造体の製造方法としては、例えば、(1)微細凹凸構造の反転構造が形成されたスタンパと基材との間に樹脂組成物を配し、活性エネルギー線の照射により樹脂組成物を硬化して、スタンパの凹凸形状を転写し、その後スタンパを剥離する方法、(2)樹脂組成物にスタンパの凹凸形状を転写してからスタンパを剥離し、その後活性エネルギー線を照射して樹脂組成物を硬化する方法等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、微細凹凸構造の転写性、表面組成の自由度の点から、(1)の方法が特に好ましい。この方法は、連続生産が可能なベルト状ロール状のスタンパを用いる場合に特に好適であり、生産性に優れた方法である。
スタンパは、微細凹凸構造体の表面に形成する微細凹凸構造の反転構造を表面に有するものである。スタンパの材料としては、金属(表面に酸化皮膜が形成されたものを含む。)、石英、ガラス、樹脂、セラミックス等が挙げられる。スタンパの形状としては、ロール状、円管状、平板状、シート状等が挙げられる。
スタンパは陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナで作製されたものが微細凹凸形成に有用である。そこで、アルミニウム基板の表面に所定形状の複数の微細細孔を陽極酸化にて形成し、本発明に有用なスタンパを作成する方法を、図2の工程図で説明する。
工程(a)は、アルミニウム基材10を、定電圧下、電解液中で陽極酸化してアルミニウム基材の表面に酸化皮膜を形成する工程である。アルミニウム基材は、純度99%以上のアルミニウムを用いることが好ましく、より好ましくは純度99.5%以上、更に好ましくは純度99.8%以上である。アルミニウムの純度が高いと、陽極酸化したとき、不純物の偏析による可視光を散乱する大きさの凹凸構造が形成され難く、また、陽極酸化で形成される細孔が規則的に形成される。アルミニウム基材の形状は、ロール状、円管状、平板状、シート状等の所望の形状でよく、微細凹凸構造体を連続的なフィルムやシートとして得る場合はロール状とすることが好ましい。
工程(b)は、酸化皮膜を除去して、工程(a)において酸化皮膜に形成された細孔12部分のアルミニウム基材の表面に陽極酸化の細孔発生点を形成する。すなわち、工程(a)で形成された酸化皮膜14を除去すると、細孔12部分のアルミニウム基材に凹部16が形成されている。この凹部16を陽極酸化の細孔発生点にすることにより規則的に配列した細孔を発生させることができる。酸化皮膜の除去には、アルミニウムを溶解せず、酸化皮膜を選択的に溶解する溶液を用いる。このような溶液としては、例えば、クロム酸/リン酸混合液等がある。
工程(c)は、アルミニウム基材を再度陽極酸化し、細孔発生点に酸化皮膜を形成することにより、細孔を形成する工程である。工程(b)において酸化皮膜を除去したアルミニウム基材10を再度陽極酸化して、円柱状の細孔13を有する酸化皮膜15を形成する。陽極酸化は、工程(a)と同様の条件で行うことができる。陽極酸化の時間を長くするほど深い細孔を得ることができる。
工程(d)は、細孔の径を拡大させる工程である。細孔13の径を拡大させる処理(以下、「細孔径拡大処理」という)は、酸化皮膜を溶解する溶液に浸漬して陽極酸化で形成された細孔の径を拡大させる。このような溶液として、例えば、5質量%程度のリン酸水溶液等を用いることができる。細孔径拡大処理の時間を長くするほど、細孔径13を拡大することができるので、目的とする形状に応じて、処理時間を設定する。
工程(e)は、細孔径拡大処理後のアルミニウム基材を再び陽極酸化する工程である。アルミニウム基材を再び陽極酸化すると、酸化皮膜15が厚くなるのに伴い、細孔13の深さが伸張される。なお、陽極酸化は工程(a)(工程(c))と同様の条件で行うことができる。陽極酸化の時間を長くするほど細孔が深くなる。
工程(d)と工程(e)を繰り返し行い、細孔13の径拡大と伸張を反復する工程である。この工程により、直径が開口部から深さ方向に連続的に減少する形状の細孔13を有する酸化皮膜15が形成され、陽極酸化アルミナの凸部がアルミニウム基材の表面に形成されたスタンパBを得ることができる。最後は工程(d)で終わることが好ましい。
インプリント用原料は、樹脂組成物を含むものであれば、特に制限されるものではなく、樹脂組成物をそのまま用いることができるが、目的とする成形品に応じて、各種添加剤を含有させることも可能である。
微細凹凸構造を表面に有する微細凹凸構造体は、例えば、図4に示す製造装置を用いて、連続的に製造することができる。
陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナからなるスタンパの一部の縦断面を1分間Pt蒸着し、電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡(日本電子(株)製、商品名JSM-7400F)により加速電圧3.00kVで観察し、隣り合う細孔の間隔(周期)および細孔の深さを測定した。なお、それぞれ10点ずつ測定し、その平均値を測定値とした。
微細凹凸構造体の縦断面を10分間Pt蒸着し、上記(1)の場合と同じ装置および条件にて、隣り合う凸部または凹部の間隔および凸部の高さを測定した。なお、それぞれ10点ずつ測定し、その平均値を測定値とした。
微細凹凸構造体を表面に有するフィルムを黒色のアクリル板へ貼り付け、微細凹凸構造体の表面側(微細凹凸構造を有する面)に、スタンプ面に1μlの人工指紋液(JIS K2246:2007の記載に準じて調製した)を付着した直径10mmの円板状のゴム製スタンプを圧力100g/cm2で3秒間押しつけて、人工指紋液を微細凹凸構造の面に付着させた。付着した人工指紋液をウェットティッシュ(日本流通産業(株)製、ノンアルコールタイプ)にて水拭きした後、外観を目視観察し、以下の評価基準により評価した。なお、評価は、室温23℃、相対湿度65%の環境下で、蛍光灯(1000ルックス)の下で試料を多方面に傾けて行った。また、水滴の評価は、水平に置いた試料の微細凹凸構造の面に蒸留水1μlを注射器より滴下して観察した。
○:指紋付着の跡が見えず、水滴を落としても弾かない。
△:指紋付着の跡は見えないが、水滴を落とすと弾く。
×:指紋付着の跡が見える。
水道水1.0mlを染込ませたワイパー(大王製紙(株)製、商品名エリエール プロワイプ、128×126mm)を用い、指紋が付着した微細凹凸構造体の表面を一方向に拭き取った。引き取り1回ごとに微細凹凸構造体の表面の外観を目視観察し、以下の評価基準により評価した。なお、指紋付着は、(3)の評価におけると同じく、人工指紋液をゴム製スタンプにより微細凹凸構造の面に行った。
○:2回以下のふき取りで指紋が完全に除去できる
△:10回未満のふき取りで指紋が完全に除去できる
×:10回ふき取り後でも、指紋が残る
微細凹凸構造体を表面に有するフィルムを、黒色のアクリル板へ貼り付け、ウェットティッシュ(日本流通産業(株)製、ノンアルコールタイプ)にて水拭きした後の外観を目視観察し、以下の評価基準により評価した。
○:水拭きした箇所が強い光源下でどんな角度から眺めてもわからない。
△:水拭きした箇所が蛍光灯下ではわからないが、強い光源の下で低い角度から眺めるとわかる。
×:水拭きした箇所が蛍光灯下で明らかにわかる。
水道水を1.0cc染込ませたワイパー(大王製紙(株)製、商品名エリエール プロワイプ、128×126mm)を用い、表面に指紋が付着した物品の表面を一方向に拭き取った後、物品の表面の外観を観察し、以下の基準により評価した。
○:良好な反射防止性能を維持している。
△:わずかにフィルムが白く靄がかかる。
×:明らかにフィルムが白濁する。
磨耗試験機(新東科学(株)製、商品名HEIDON TRIBOGEAR TYPE-30S)に1cm四方のウェットティッシュ(日本流通産業(株)製、ノンアルコールタイプ)を装着し、荷重100gで、往復距離50mm、ヘッドスピード60mm/sにて微細凹凸構造体の表面を1000回擦傷した。その後、外観を目視観察し、以下の評価基準により評価した。
◎:傷が確認できない。
○:傷が1~2本確認される。
△:傷が3~5本確認される。
×:傷が6本以上確認される。
磨耗試験機(新東科学(株)製、商品名HEIDON TRIBOGEAR TYPE-30S)に1cm四方のキャンバス布を装着し、荷重100gで、往復距離50mm、ヘッドスピード60mm/sにて微細凹凸構造体の表面を1000回擦傷した。その後、外観を目視観察し、以下の評価基準により評価した。
◎:傷が確認できない。
○:傷が1~2本確認される。
△:傷が3~5本確認される。
×:傷が6本以上確認される。
磨耗試験機(新東科学(株)製、商品名HEIDON TRIBOGEAR TYPE-30S)を用い、微細凹凸構造体の表面に置かれた2cm角のスチールウール(日本スチールウール(株)製、商品名ボンスター#0000)に100gの荷重をかけ、往復距離30mm、ヘッドスピード30mm/秒にて10回往復させた。その後、透明な2.0mm厚のアクリル板(三菱レイヨン(株)製、商品名アクリライト)の片面に微細凹凸構造体を貼り付けた。その微細凹凸構造体を屋内で蛍光灯にかざして、外観を目視観察し、以下の評価基準により評価した。
○:確認できる傷が5本未満
△:確認できる傷が5本以上20本未満
×:確認できる傷が20本以上
[製造例1]スタンパ(深さ180nm)の製造
図2に示す工程図を参照して、スタンパの製造方法を以下に説明する。
アルミニウム板30を、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、直流40V、温度16℃で30分間陽極酸化を行い、酸化皮膜32に亀裂31を生じさせた。
アルミニウム板30を、6質量%リン酸/1.8質量%クロム酸混合水溶液に6時間浸漬して、酸化皮膜32を除去した。
このアルミニウム板について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中、直流40V、温度16℃で30秒陽極酸化を行い、酸化皮膜34を形成した。該酸化皮膜34は細孔31を有していた。
酸化皮膜34が形成されたアルミニウム板を、32℃の5質量%リン酸に8分間浸漬して、細孔31の径拡大処理を行った。
前記(c)工程および(d)工程を合計で5回繰り返し、周期100nm、深さ180nmの略円錐形状の細孔31を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを得た。得られた陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを脱イオン水で洗浄し、表面の水分をエアーブローで除去し、表面防汚コーティング剤(ダイキン工業(株)製、商品名オプツールDSX)を固形分0.1質量%になるように希釈剤(ダイキン工業(株)製、商品名HD-ZV)で希釈した溶液に10分間浸漬し、20時間風乾してスタンパ20を得た。
(d)工程のリン酸処理時間を8分から9分に変更した以外は製造例1と同様にして、周期100nm、深さ150nmの略円錐形状の細孔を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを得た。
[合成例1]ウレタンアクリレート化合物(UA1)の合成
硝子製フラスコに、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート117.6g(0.7モル)およびイソシアヌレート型のヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート3量体151.2g(0.3モル)と、2-ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート128.7g(0.99モル)およびペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート459g(1.54モル)をとり、触媒として、ジラウリル酸ジ-n-ブチル錫100ppmと、重合禁止剤として、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル0.55gを仕込み、70~80℃の条件にて残存イソシアネート濃度が0.1%以下になるまで反応させて、ウレタンアクリレート化合物(UA1)を得た。
UA1:合成例1で得たウレタンアクリレート化合物
ATM-4E:エトキシ化ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルATM-4E)
A-TMPT-3EO:エトキシ化トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルTMPT-3EO)
A-TMPT-9EO:エトキシ化トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート(新中村化学(株)製、商品名NKエステルTMPT-9EO)
AM90G:末端メトキシ化ポリエチレングリコールモノアクリレート(EO=約9モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルAM-90G)。
AM130G:末端メトキシ化ポリエチレングリコールモノアクリレート(EO=約13モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルAM-130G)。
AM230G:末端メトキシ化ポリエチレングリコールモノアクリレート(EO=約23モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルAM-230G)。
AE400:ポリエチレングリコール(EO=約9モル)モノアクリレート(日油(株)製、商品名ブレンマーAE-400)。
A-600:ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(EO=約12モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルA-600)。
AM60G:末端メトキシ化ポリエチレングリコールモノアクリレート(EO=約6モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルAM-60G)。
MA:メチルアクリレート(三菱化学(株)製)。
DPHA:ジペンタエリスリトール(ペンタ/ヘキサ)アクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名:NKエステルA-DPH)。
AM121:内部離型剤((株)ICMG製、商品名モールドウィズ AM-121)
DAR TPO:2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル-ジフェニル-ホスフィンオキサイド(BASF社製、商品名DAROCURE TPO)。
WE97A:ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(三菱樹脂(株)製、商品名三菱ダイアホイルWE97A、厚さ38μm)。
A-4300:ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡績(株)製、商品名コスモシャインA-4300、厚さ188μm)。
[樹脂組成物の調製]
多官能モノマー(A)として、合成例1で得たUA1 70部、エチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数が9以上であるポリエチレングリコール構造を有するモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)として、AM90G 30部、活性エネルギー線重合開始剤として、DAR TPO 0.5部および内部離型剤として、AM121 0.1部を混合し、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を調製した。
この活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、スタンパの細孔が形成された表面上に流し込み、その上に厚さ38μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(WE97A)を押し広げながら被覆した。その後、フィルム側からフュージョンランプを用いてベルトスピード6.0m/分で、積算光量1000mJ/cm2となるよう紫外線を照射して、樹脂組成物を硬化させた。次いで、フィルムとスタンパを剥離して、微細凹凸構造体を得た。
モノマー組成を、表2~表4に示すように変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして微細凹凸構造体を製造し、実施例1と同様の評価をした。得られた結果を表2~表4に示す。なお、各表中の配合量の単位は「部」である。
モノマー組成を、表5に示すように変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして微細凹凸構造体を製造し、実施例1と同様の評価をした。耐擦傷性は、耐擦傷性2である。得られた結果を表5に示す。なお、各表中の配合量の単位は「部」である。
DPHA:ジペンタエリスリトール(ペンタ/ヘキサ)アクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名:NKエステルA-DPH)。
PETA:ペンタエリスリトール(トリ/テトラ)アクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名;NKエステルA-TMM-3)。
DTMPTA:ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラアクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)、商品名:NKエステルAD-TMP)。
TMPTA:トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(新中村化学工業(株)、商品名:NKエステルA-TMPT)。
PETA-4E:エチレンオキサイド変性ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート(EO=4モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名NKエステルATM-4E)。
DPHA-12E:エチレンオキサイド変性ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(EO=12モル)(日本化薬(株)製、商品名:KAYARAD-12)。
PEGDA-4E:ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(EO=4モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名:NKエステルA-200)。
PEGDA-14E:ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(EO=14モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名:NKエステルA-600)。
PEGDA-23E:ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート(EO=23モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名:NKエステルA-1000)。
BisADA-17E:エチレンオキサイド変性化ビスフェノールAジアクリレート(EO=17モル)(新中村化学工業(株)製、商品名:NKエステルA-BPE-20)。
MA:メチルアクリレート(三菱化学(株)製)。
HEA:ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(大阪有機化学工業(株)製)。
モノマーとして、DPHA 25質量部、PETA 25質量部、DPHA-12E 25質量部およびPEGDA-14E 25質量部をとり、これに、重合開始剤として、IRGACURE184(BASF社製、商品名)1.0質量部およびIRGACURE819(BASF社製、商品名)0.5質量部を混合して、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を調製した。得られた活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を製造例1で作成したスタンパの表面に数滴垂らし、厚さ188μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(A-4300、)で押し広げながら被覆した後、フィルム側から高圧水銀灯を用いて2000mJ/cm2のエネルギーで紫外線を照射して硬化した。フィルムからスタンパを剥離して、凸部の平均間隔:100nm、高さ:180nmの微細凹凸構造を表面に有する微細凹凸構造体を得た。得られた微細凹凸構造体について、(9)耐擦傷性3、(4)指紋除去性および(6)耐水性を上記記載に従い測定し、評価した。結果を表7に示す。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の組成を表7または表8に示す組成に変更した以外は、実施例18と同様にして微細凹凸構造体を得た。得られた微細凹凸構造体について、実施例18と同様の評価を行った。結果を表7および表8に示す。
2、44 硬化樹脂層(表層)
3、46 凸部
3a 凸部の頂部
4 凹部
4a 凹部の底点
10 アルミニウム基材
12 細孔
13 円柱状の細孔
14 酸化被膜
15 円柱状の細孔13を有する酸化被膜
16 アルミニウム基材の凹部(陽極酸化の細孔発生点)
20 ロール状スタンパ
22 (活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を収納する)タンク
24 空気圧シリンダ
26 ニップロール
28 活性エネルギー線照射装置
30 剥離ローラ
40 連続した微細凹凸構造体
A 微細凹凸構造体
B スタンパ
d1 凹部の底点4aと凸部の頂部3aの垂直距離(凸部の高さ)
w1 凸部(凹部)の間隔
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有する多官能モノマーを含む活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物であって:
該樹脂組成物の組成が、
(1)多官能モノマー(A)、およびエチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数が9以上であるポリエチレングリコール構造を有するモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)を含み、該多官能モノマー(A)の含有量が70~95質量部、モノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)の含有量が5~30質量部であり(樹脂組成物中に含まれる総てのモノマーの含有量の合計を100質量部とする)、
該多官能モノマー(A)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有し、かつその分子量をラジカル重合性官能基の数で除した値(官能基当たりの分子量)が110~200である;または
(2)重合性成分(X)が、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110未満であり、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない多官能モノマー(XA)15~70質量%、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110以上であり、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない多官能モノマー(XB)15~50質量%および分子内に2個のラジカル重合性の官能基及び4個以上のオキシエチレン基を有し、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない2官能モノマー(XC)15~40質量%を含み、さらに、光重合開始剤(XE)を含む;
ことを特徴とする活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。 - 多官能モノマー(A)、およびエチレングリコール単位の繰り返し数が9以上であるポリエチレングリコール構造を有するモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)を含み、該多官能モノマー(A)の含有量が70~95質量部、モノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)の含有量が5~30質量部であり(樹脂組成物中に含まれる総てのモノマーの含有量の合計を100質量部とする)、
該多官能モノマー(A)は、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有し、かつその分子量をラジカル重合性官能基の数で除した値(官能基当たりの分子量)が110~200であることを特徴とする活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。 - 溶剤を含まない請求項2記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。
- さらに、分子内に1個以上のラジカル重合性官能基を有するモノマー(C)(但し、多官能モノマー(A)およびモノ(メタ)アクリレート(B)を除く)を、樹脂組成物中に含まれる総てのモノマーの含有量合計100質量部に対して0~20質量部含む請求項2または3記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。
- さらに、スリップ剤(D)を含む請求項1から4の何れか一項記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 重合性成分(X)と光重合開始剤(XE)を含む活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物であって、該重合性成分(X)が、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110未満であり、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない多官能モノマー(XA)15~70質量%、分子内に3個以上のラジカル重合性の官能基を有し、該官能基1個当りの分子量が110以上であり、かつ、末端にエチル基を有さない多官能モノマー(XB)15~50質量%および分子内に2個のラジカル重合性の官能基及び4個以上のオキシエチレン基を有し、かつ、末端にメチル基を有さない2官能モノマー(XC)15~40質量%を含むことを特徴とする活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 重合性成分(X)が、さらに、分子内に1個のラジカル重合性の官能基を有するモノマー(XD)を15質量%以下の量で含む請求項6記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7の何れか一項記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を含むインプリント用原料。
- 微細凹凸構造形成用である請求項8記載のインプリント用原料。
- 請求項1~7の何れか一項記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物からなるあるいは硬化樹脂層を有する成形品。
- 表面に微細凹凸構造を有する請求項10記載の成形品。
- ディスプレイ部材である請求項11記載の成形品。
- 少なくとも下記工程を有する表面に微細凹凸構造を有する硬化樹脂層を有する微細凹凸構造体の製造方法:
1)微細凹凸構造の反転構造を有するスタンパと基材の間に、請求項1~7の何れか一項記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を配する工程;
2)活性エネルギー線を照射して該活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化する工程、および
3)該スタンパを剥離する工程。 - 微細凹凸構造を表面に有する微細凹凸構造体であって、
請求項1~7記載の活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を、該微細凹凸構造の反転構造を表面に有するスタンパと接触させ、硬化させることによって形成された微細凹凸構造を表面に有する微細凹凸構造体。 - 反射防止物品である請求項14記載の微細凹凸構造体。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103282394A (zh) | 2013-09-04 |
CN103524683A (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
KR101389166B1 (ko) | 2014-04-24 |
US9234065B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
US20140314993A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
EP2664636A4 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
JP5260790B2 (ja) | 2013-08-14 |
EP2664636A1 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
US20130302564A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
CN103524683B (zh) | 2016-04-27 |
KR20140002095A (ko) | 2014-01-07 |
TWI446109B (zh) | 2014-07-21 |
EP2664636B1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
JPWO2012096322A1 (ja) | 2014-06-09 |
US9062142B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
KR20130084699A (ko) | 2013-07-25 |
CN103282394B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
KR101500897B1 (ko) | 2015-03-12 |
TW201234105A (en) | 2012-08-16 |
JP2013175733A (ja) | 2013-09-05 |
JP5352020B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
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