WO2012011398A1 - 導電性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
導電性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012011398A1 WO2012011398A1 PCT/JP2011/065725 JP2011065725W WO2012011398A1 WO 2012011398 A1 WO2012011398 A1 WO 2012011398A1 JP 2011065725 W JP2011065725 W JP 2011065725W WO 2012011398 A1 WO2012011398 A1 WO 2012011398A1
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- conductive
- resin composition
- pyrazole
- isocyanate compound
- conductive resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
- C08G18/8061—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/807—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/54—Polycondensates of aldehydes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34926—Triazines also containing heterocyclic groups other than triazine groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/095—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks for polymer thick films, i.e. having a permanent organic polymeric binder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive resin composition, and in particular, relates to a conductive resin composition capable of obtaining a cured product having excellent resistance value and heat resistance stability.
- a conductive paste used to screen-print printed circuit boards and form conductive circuit patterns binder resin made of thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin, metal powder such as silver or copper, carbon black, graphite Conventionally, carbon conductive powders are blended and dispersed.
- the conductive paste is required to have properties such as conductivity, printability, adhesion, solder heat resistance, high temperature heat resistance, moisture resistance, thermal shock resistance, and wear resistance. In order to satisfy these required characteristics, Various resin components and conductive powders have been proposed.
- thermosetting resin used as a binder for example, a resol type phenol resin is known.
- Resole-type phenolic resin is excellent in heat resistance, and when used in a conductive paste, as a result of volume shrinkage due to self-condensation, the contact area between the blended conductive powders increases, the resistance value decreases, and the conductivity is good Is expected to be.
- it has excellent adhesiveness, mechanical properties, electrical properties, etc., and it is widely used not only as a binder but also as a molding material, adhesive, and coating agent for various substrates. in use.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a resin composition containing a resol type phenol resin is used as a binder resin for a conductive paste.
- resol-type phenolic resins are required to have further improved printability, brittleness of a cured coating film, improvement in storage stability, and the like.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose a conductive paste containing a polyester polyol, an isocyanate compound, and conductive powder.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a conductive resin composition that contains a conductive powder, a resol type phenol resin, and an isocyanate compound, and that can obtain a cured product having stable physical properties.
- the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies focusing on the fact that the above problems can be solved by giving selectivity to a reaction under a specific temperature condition and preferentially proceeding one reaction. If the condensation reaction is dominant, the resin properties such as boiling resistance will be affected. However, if the isocyanate addition reaction is dominant, the resin properties are hardly adversely affected and the physical properties are stabilized. I found out that And it discovered that the condensation reaction of a resol type phenol could be suppressed with a pyrazole compound, and came to complete this invention.
- the conductive resin composition of the present invention is characterized by containing (A) a resol type phenol resin, (B) a pyrazole compound, (C) an isocyanate compound, and (D) a conductive powder.
- the (B) pyrazole compound is preferably 3,5-dimethylpyrazole.
- the (C) isocyanate compound is preferably a blocked isocyanate.
- the conductive resin composition of the present invention is characterized by comprising (A) a resol type phenol resin, (F) an isocyanate compound blocked with pyrazole, and (D) a conductive powder.
- the (F) pyrazole blocked isocyanate compound is preferably a 1,5-hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer 3,5-dimethylpyrazole block.
- the conductive resin composition of the present invention preferably further contains (E) a polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the (D) conductive powder is preferably at least one of carbon black and graphite.
- the cured conductive resin of the present invention is obtained by curing the conductive resin composition.
- the conductive circuit pattern of the present invention is characterized by using the conductive resin cured product.
- a conductive resin composition containing a conductive powder, a pyrazole compound, a resol type phenol resin and an isocyanate compound, and capable of obtaining a cured product having stable physical properties.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the gel content and the solid content ratio of a resol type phenol resin and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole.
- the conductive resin composition of the present invention comprises (A) a resol type phenol resin, (B) a pyrazole compound, (C) an isocyanate compound, and (D) a conductive resin composition characterized by comprising: Alternatively, it is a conductive resin composition comprising (A) a resol type phenol resin, (F) an isocyanate compound blocked with pyrazole, and (D) a conductive powder.
- the resin means (A), (B), (C), (E) and (F).
- any known (A) resol type phenolic resin can be used as long as it is used for the binder resin of the conductive paste. Further, it may be modified with an alkoxy group or the like.
- the molecular weight of a resol type phenol resin is not specifically limited, It is preferable that the weight average molecular weights MW are 500-5000.
- a resol-type phenol resin is obtained, for example, by methylolation of a phenol compound with formaldehyde in the presence of a base, and is subjected to a condensation reaction by placing it under acidic conditions or heating to cause gelation and curing. .
- Examples of the phenol compound used as a raw material for the resol type phenol resin include phenol, m-cresol, o-cresol, p-cresol, p-tert-butylphenol, p-ethylphenol, 2,3-xylenol, and 2,5-xylenol.
- the formaldehydes include formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, or trioxane, and these may be one type or two or more types.
- the obtained methylol group is desirably 1.0 or more per nucleus of the aromatic ring.
- the compounding amount of the resol type phenol resin is preferably 10 to 55% by mass, more preferably 20 to 45% by mass, based on the resin solid content in the composition, in terms of solid content.
- the blending amount of the resol type phenol resin is less than 10% by mass, characteristics such as solder heat resistance and high temperature heat resistance required for the conductor circuit pattern are deteriorated.
- it exceeds 55% by mass boiling resistance and flexibility are obtained. , Because it adversely affects printability and the like.
- the (A) resol type phenol resin one having a formaldehyde content of 0.1% or less is preferable because of its excellent environmental performance.
- ⁇ (B) pyrazole compound The reason is not necessarily clear, but when the pyrazole compound is present in the resin composition, the condensation reaction of the resol type phenol resin is suppressed, and the reaction of the resin composition containing the resol type phenol resin and the isocyanate compound is controlled, Stabilization of physical properties of the cured product can be achieved.
- the pyrazole compound may be contained alone in the resin composition, or may be contained as a blocking agent for the isocyanate compound as described below.
- examples of the (B) pyrazole compound include unsubstituted pyrazole, 3-methylpyrazole, 4-methylpyrazole, 5-methylpyrazole, 3-pentylpyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, and 3-chloropyrazole. And pyrazole in which at least one of the 3, 4, and 5 positions of the pyrazole ring such as 3,4-dibromopyrazole is substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl group, or an acetyl group. It is done.
- These substituents on the pyrazole ring may be one kind or two or more kinds.
- the pyrazole compound is preferably one or more pyrazole compounds selected from unsubstituted pyrazole, alkyl-substituted pyrazole, and derivatives thereof, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole is selected from the balance between thermal dissociation and thermal stability as a blocking agent. Is particularly preferred.
- the compounding amount of the pyrazole compound is preferably 1 to 35% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass, based on the solid content of the resol type phenol resin, in terms of solid content.
- the amount of the pyrazole compound is less than 1% by mass, it is not sufficient to suppress the self-condensation of the resole resin under the curing conditions of the present invention.
- it exceeds 35% by mass the reactivity is suppressed more than necessary. This is not preferable because it causes deterioration of coating film characteristics.
- the (C) isocyanate compound any known compound can be used as long as it is used for the binder resin of the conductive paste.
- examples of such isocyanate compounds include aliphatic isocyanate compounds, aromatic isocyanate compounds, terminal isocyanate prepolymers obtained from isocyanate compounds and polyhydroxy compounds or polyamine compounds, or high molecular weight isocyanate group-containing polymers.
- a preferable blending amount of the isocyanate compound is 20 to 80% by mass and more preferably 35 to 75% by mass with respect to the resin solid content in the composition in terms of solid content. When the blending amount of the isocyanate compound is less than 20% by mass, the boiling resistance is reduced. On the other hand, when it exceeds 80% by mass, characteristics such as solder heat resistance and high temperature heat resistance are deteriorated.
- Examples of the aliphatic isocyanate compound include 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI or HMDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), methylcyclohexane 2,4- (2,6) -diisocyanate (hydrogenated TDI), 4, 4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylisocyanate) (hydrogenated MDI), 1,3- (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (hydrogenated XDI), norbornene diisocyanate (NDI), lysine diisocyanate (LDI), trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), dimer Acid diisocyanate (DDI), N, N ′, N ′′ -tris (6-isocyanate, hexamethylene) biuret and the like.
- HDI or HMDI 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- aromatic isocyanate compound examples include tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), and the like.
- the terminal isocyanate prepolymer and the low molecular weight polyhydroxy compound used to obtain the polymer include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, hexamethylene glycol Neopentyl glycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene adipate glycol, polypropylene adipate glycol and the like.
- a blocked isocyanate blocked with a known blocking agent as the isocyanate compound.
- the blocking agent include alcohols such as ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, t-butanol and isobutanol, phenols such as phenol, chlorophenol, cresol, xylenol and p-nitrophenol, and pt-butylphenol.
- Alkylphenols such as p-sec-butylphenol, p-sec-aminophenol, p-octylphenol and p-nonylphenol, basic nitrogen-containing compounds such as 3-hydroxypyridine, 8-hydroxyquinoline and 8-hydroxyquinaldine, malon Active methylene compounds such as diethyl acid, ethyl acetoacetate, and acetylacetone, acid amides such as acetamide, acrylamide, and acetanilide, and acid imides such as succinimide and maleic acid imide Imidazoles such as 2-ethylimidazole and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, lactams such as 2-pyrrolidone and ⁇ -caprolactam, oximes of ketones or aldehydes such as acetoxime, methylethylketoxime, cyclohexanone oxime, acetoaldoxime , Ethyleneimine, bisulfit
- the conductive powder (D) any known powder can be used as long as it is used for the binder resin of the conductive paste.
- the conductive powder include metal powder such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, and palladium alloy, carbon black such as furnace black, thermal black, channel black, acetylene black, and ketjen black, graphite, and a mixture of carbon black and graphite.
- carbon powders such as carbon nanotubes, and carbon black, graphite, and a mixture of carbon black and graphite are preferable.
- the content of the conductive powder is preferably 70 to 95% by mass, more preferably 75 to 90% by mass in terms of solid content in the composition in the case of metal powder, and the composition in the case of carbon powder. It is preferably 35 to 65% by mass, more preferably 45 to 55% by mass in terms of solid content in the medium.
- the blending amount is less than the above range, sufficient conductivity cannot be obtained, whereas when the blending amount is more than the above range, the mechanical strength of the cured film is lowered, which is not preferable.
- (E) Polyvinyl acetal resin> In the present invention, from the viewpoint of dispersibility and printing characteristics of conductive powder, (A) resol type phenol resin, (B) pyrazole compound, (C) isocyanate compound, and (D) conductive resin containing conductive powder. Any of the composition or the conductive resin composition containing (A) a resol type phenol resin, (F) an isocyanate compound blocked with pyrazole, and (D) conductive powder, It is preferable to contain a polyvinyl acetal resin. (E) As a polyvinyl acetal resin, as long as it is used for the binder resin of an electrically conductive paste, any well-known thing can be used. (E) A polyvinyl acetal resin is obtained by acetalizing a polyvinyl alcohol resin with an aldehyde, for example.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited. For example, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, amylaldehyde, hexylaldehyde, heptylaldehyde, 2-ethylhexylaldehyde, cyclohexylaldehyde, furfural, benzaldehyde, 2-methylbenzaldehyde, 3- Examples include methylbenzaldehyde, 4-methylbenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, ⁇ -phenylpropionaldehyde, and the like, butyraldehyde is preferred. These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the product names of commercially available polyvinyl acetal resins include, for example, SREC BL-1, BL-1H, BL-2, BL-2H, BL-5, BL-10, BL-S, BM-1, and BM. -2, BM-S, BH-3, BX-1, BX-2, BX-5, BX-55, BX-L, BH-3, BH-S, BM-S, KS-3Z, KS-5 KS-5Z, KS-8, KS-23Z (above, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), electrified butyral 4000-2, 5000A, 6000C, 6000EP (above, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Co., Ltd.), etc. . These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 1.5 to 20% by mass and more preferably 3 to 15% by mass with respect to the resin solid content in the composition in terms of solid content.
- the blending amount is less than 1.5% by mass, no additive effect is observed in the dispersibility and printing characteristics of the conductive powder, and when the blending amount exceeds 20% by mass, the heat resistance of the coating film such as solder heat resistance is lowered. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the isocyanate compound blocked with (F) pyrazole is one in which the isocyanate compound is blocked with a pyrazole compound.
- the isocyanate compound is the same as that exemplified for the (C) isocyanate compound
- the pyrazole compound is the same as that exemplified for the (B) pyrazole compound.
- the conductive resin composition of the present invention contains an isocyanate compound blocked with (F) pyrazole, it may or may not contain (B) a pyrazole compound.
- the amount of the isocyanate compound blocked with pyrazole is preferably 25 to 85% by mass, more preferably 40 to 80% by mass, based on the resin solid content in the composition, in terms of solid content.
- the conductive resin composition of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the above components.
- other components include solvents, antifoaming agents, thixotropic agents, coupling agents, antioxidants, dispersants, leveling agents, and the like, and any known one can be used.
- the conductive resin cured product of the present invention is obtained by curing the conductive resin composition.
- the curing method is preferably thermosetting.
- the curing temperature is preferably 100 to 200 ° C, more preferably 120 to 180 ° C.
- the conductor circuit pattern of this invention has the conductive resin hardened
- the conductive circuit pattern of the present invention can be obtained by applying the conductive resin composition of the present invention to a known printed wiring board by screen printing or the like and curing it.
- a conductive resin composition containing (A) a resol-type phenol resin, (B) a pyrazole compound, (C) an isocyanate compound, and (D) a conductive powder is 100 to 100
- a method of curing by heating at 200 ° C. is preferred.
- Each component of the conductive resin composition is as described above.
- the above-mentioned other components may be included.
- the curing temperature is more preferably 120 to 180 ° C.
- the heating method is not particularly limited, and any known method such as a batch-type oven, a hot-air circulation type drying furnace, or a far-infrared conveyor oven can be employed.
- Part means part by mass unless otherwise specified.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the solid content ratio of resol type phenol resin and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole and gel time.
- Examples 1 to 6 Comparative Examples 1 to 5
- conductive resin compositions conductive paste
- Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 conductive paste
- the unit in Table 3 is a mass part.
- ⁇ represents a volume resistivity ( ⁇ ⁇ cm)
- R represents a resistance value ( ⁇ )
- w represents a width (cm)
- t represents a thickness (cm)
- l represents a length (cm).
- a volume resistance value is so preferable that a numerical value is small.
- Adhesiveness / tape peel resistance A pattern film having a copper foil surface of 15 mm ⁇ 15 mm of a glass epoxy copper clad laminate was formed by the screen printing method in the same manner as in the above (1) and cured by heating. On the obtained cured film, 100 squares of 1 mm ⁇ 1 mm were made with a cutter knife, and the number of squares remaining on the substrate when the coating film was peeled off with a cellophane tape was examined to evaluate adhesion. (JIS K5400-8.5). A result with a larger amount of residual mesh indicates a preferable result.
- evaluation of tape peel resistance attaches a cellophane tape to the obtained cured film, peels a tape at 90 degrees with respect to a coating film, and confirms the deposit
- the evaluation criteria are as follows. ⁇ : Cellophane tape has no deposit ⁇ : Cellophane tape has deposit
- solder heat resistance A printed wiring board produced in the same manner as in (1) above is immersed in a solder bath at 260 ° C. for 10 seconds, and then the cured film after treatment is processed by a milliohm high tester (3540 m ⁇ HiTESTER manufactured by HIOKI). The resistance value was measured. From the calculated volume resistance value, the rate of change was calculated based on the volume resistance value before treatment. The rate of change after soldering is preferably smaller in absolute value.
- Boiling resistance A printed wiring board produced in the same manner as (1) above in boiling water was immersed for 2 hours and boiled. About the cured film after the boiling treatment, the resistance value was measured by a milliohm high tester (3540 m ⁇ HiTESTER manufactured by HIOKI), and the rate of change was calculated. The rate of change after soldering is preferably smaller in absolute value.
- Pencil hardness When a printed wiring board produced in the same manner as in (1) is subjected to a load of 1 kg using a pencil hardness tester according to the test method of JIS K5600-5-6, the coating film is not damaged. Displayed with the highest hardness.
- the pencil used was Mitsubishi High Uni (Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd.).
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 it can be confirmed from Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that the addition of the pyrazole compound suppresses the condensation of the resol and affects the coating film properties.
- Comparative Examples 3 to 5 in the system in which the resole resin and the isocyanate compound are mixed, boiling resistance improves as the composition ratio of the isocyanate compound increases, while the rate of change in resistance after soldering increases. Recognize. This is probably because the self-condensation of resole proceeds simultaneously with the addition reaction with the isocyanate compound during thermal curing, and the hydroxyl group necessary for the addition reaction is reduced and the isocyanate compound remains, which affects the soldering process. is expected.
- the same excellent solder heat resistance was exhibited. From these things, the cured film formed using the conductive resin composition (conductive paste) of the present invention exhibits excellent solder heat resistance and boiling resistance, and has high conductivity and adhesion to a substrate. Since it has, it can utilize suitably for the circuit formation of a printed wiring board.
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Abstract
Description
一方で、レゾール型フェノール樹脂には、印刷性のさらなる向上、硬化塗膜の脆さ、保存安定性の改善などが求められている。
しかしながら、この場合、レゾール型フェノール自身の縮合反応と、イソシアネート化合物との付加反応系が共存することになって反応系を制御することが困難になり、抵抗値やはんだ耐熱性といった、得られる硬化物の物性のバラツキが大きくなってしまうという問題があった。
以下、各成分について具体的に説明する。
なお、本発明において、樹脂とは、(A)、(B)、(C)、(E)および(F)を意味する。
本発明において、(A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂は、導電性ペーストのバインダー樹脂に使用されるものであれば公知のものをいずれも使用可能である。また、アルコキシ基等によって変性されていてもよい。(A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂の分子量は特に限定されないが、重量平均分子量MWが500から5000であることが好ましい。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂は、例えば、フェノール化合物を塩基の存在下でホルムアルデヒド類にてメチロール化することで得られ、酸性条件下に置くか、加熱することで縮合反応が起こり、ゲル化、硬化が起こる。
その理由は必ずしも明らかではないが、ピラゾール化合物が樹脂組成物中に存在すると、レゾール型フェノール樹脂の縮合反応が抑制され、レゾール型フェノール樹脂およびイソシアネート化合物が含まれる樹脂組成物の反応を制御し、硬化物の物性の安定化を図ることができる。ピラゾール化合物は、樹脂組成物中に単独で含まれていてもよく、また、下記するようにイソシアネート化合物のブロック剤として含まれていてもよい。
本発明において、(B)ピラゾール化合物としては、例えば、無置換のピラゾール、3-メチルピラゾール、4-メチルピラゾール、5-メチルピラゾール、3-ペンチルピラゾール、3,5-ジメチルピラゾール、3-クロロピラゾール、3,4-ジブロモピラゾールなどのピラゾール環の3、4、5位のいずれか一つ以上が炭素原子数1~5のアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、フェニル基またはアセチル基で置換されたピラゾールが挙げられる。これらのピラゾール環上の置換基は1種でもよく、2種以上であってもよい。ピラゾール化合物は、無置換ピラゾール、アルキル置換ピラゾールおよびそれらの誘導体から選ばれる1つ以上のピラゾール化合物であることが好ましく、ブロック剤としての熱解離性と熱安定性のバランスから3,5-ジメチルピラゾールが特に好ましい。
ピラゾール化合物の配合量は固形分換算で、レゾール型フェノール樹脂の固形分に対して1~35質量%が好ましく、10~30質量%がより好ましい。ピラゾール化合物の配合量が1質量%未満の場合、本発明の硬化条件下ではレゾール樹脂の自己縮合を抑制するには十分ではなく、一方で35質量%を超えると、必要以上に反応性を抑制することになり、塗膜特性の低下を引き起こすため好ましくない。
本発明において、(C)イソシアネート化合物としては、導電性ペーストのバインダー樹脂に使用されるものであれば公知のものをいずれも使用可能である。そのようなイソシアネート化合物としては、脂肪族イソシアネート化合物、芳香族イソシアネート化合物、イソシアネート化合物とポリヒドロキシ化合物またはポリアミン化合物とから得られる末端イソシアネートプレポリマーないしは高分子量のイソシアネート基含有ポリマーなどが挙げられる。
イソシアネート化合物の好ましい配合量は固形分換算で、組成物中の樹脂固形分に対して、20~80質量%であり、35~75質量%がより好ましい。イソシアネート化合物の配合量が20質量%未満では、耐煮沸性の低下を引き起こすのに対し、80質量%を超えると、はんだ耐熱性、高温耐熱性などの特性低下を引き起こすため好ましくない。
本発明において、(D)導電粉としては、導電性ペーストのバインダー樹脂に使用されるものであれば公知のものをいずれも使用可能である。導電粉としては、例えば、金、銀、銅、白金、パラジウム合金などの金属粉、ファーネスブラック、サーマルブラック、チャンネルブラック、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラックなどのカーボンブラック、グラファイト、カーボンブラックとグラファイトの混合物、カーボンナノチューブなどの炭素粉末が挙げられ、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、カーボンブラックとグラファイトとの混合物が好ましい。
(D)導電粉の含有量は、金属粉の場合、組成物中の固形分換算で、好ましくは70~95質量%、より好ましくは75~90質量%であり、炭素粉の場合、組成物中の固形分換算で、好ましくは35~65質量%、より好ましくは45~55質量%である。配合量が、上記範囲より少ない場合、十分な導電性が得られないのに対し、上記範囲より多い場合は、硬化膜の機械強度が低下するので好ましくない。
本発明においては、導電粉の分散性や印刷特性などの観点から、(A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂、(B)ピラゾール化合物、(C)イソシアネート化合物、および、(D)導電粉を含む導電性樹脂組成物、または、(A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂、(F)ピラゾールでブロックされたイソシアネート化合物、および、(D)導電粉を含む導電性樹脂組成物のいずれであっても、さらに、(E)ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含有することが好ましい。(E)ポリビニルアセタール樹脂としては、導電性ペーストのバインダー樹脂に使用されるものであれば公知のものをいずれも使用可能である。(E)ポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂をアルデヒドでアセタール化することで得られる。
本発明の導電性樹脂組成物において、(F)ピラゾールでブロックされたイソシアネート化合物は、イソシアネート化合物が、ピラゾール化合物でブロックされたものである。イソシアネート化合物は、上記(C)イソシアネート化合物で例示したものと同様であり、ピラゾール化合物は、上記(B)ピラゾール化合物で例示したものと同様である。本発明の導電性樹脂組成物が(F)ピラゾールでブロックされたイソシアネート化合物を含む場合、(B)ピラゾール化合物を含んでいてもいなくてもよい。
(F)ピラゾールでブロックされたイソシアネート化合物の配合量は固形分換算で、組成物中の樹脂固形分に対して、25~85質量%が好ましく、40~80質量%がより好ましい。
本発明の導電性樹脂組成物は、上記各成分以外に、その他の成分を含んでいてもよい。その他の成分としては、溶剤、消泡剤、チキソトロピー剤、カップリング剤、酸化防止剤、分散剤、レベリング剤等が挙げられ、公知のものをいずれも使用可能である。
本発明の導電性樹脂硬化物は、上記導電性樹脂組成物を硬化させることで得られるものである。硬化方法は、熱硬化が好ましい。硬化温度は、100~200℃が好ましく、120~180℃がより好ましい。また、本発明の導体回路パターンは、本発明の導電性樹脂硬化物をプリント配線基板上に有するものである。本発明の導体回路パターンは、公知のプリント配線基板に、本発明の導電性樹脂組成物をスクリーン印刷などにより塗布し、硬化させることで得ることができる。
本発明の導電性硬化物の製造方法としては、(A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂、(B)ピラゾール化合物、(C)イソシアネート化合物、および、(D)導電粉を含む導電性樹脂組成物を100~200℃で加熱して硬化させる方法が好ましい。導電性樹脂組成物の各成分は上記のとおりである。また、上記したその他の成分を含んでいてもよい。硬化温度は、120~180℃がより好ましい。加熱方法は特に限定されず、バッチ式オーブン、熱風循環式乾燥炉、遠赤外線のコンベアオーブンなど公知の方法をいずれも採用することができる。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂の固形分100質量部に対して8.8質量部の下記表1に示す塩基性触媒を添加し、150℃に加熱したときのゲル化するまでの時間(ゲルタイム)を測定した。ゲル化は目視により確認した。結果を下記表1に示す。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂に対して、下記表2に示すように、本発明における(B)成分のひとつである3,5-ジメチルピラゾールを加え、150℃に加熱したときのゲル化するまでの時間(ゲルタイム)を測定した。ゲル化は目視により確認した。結果を下記表1に示す。また、レゾール型フェノール樹脂と3,5-ジメチルピラゾールの固形分比とゲルタイムの関係を表したグラフを図1に示す。
下記表3に示すように、各成分を、三本ロールミルで混合分散し、導電性樹脂組成物(導電性ペースト)を作製した(実施例1~6及び比較例1~5)。なお、表3中の単位は質量部である。
※2:積水化学工業株式会社製 エスレックBM‐Sのブチルカルビトールアセテートカットワニス(NV=20%)
※3:1,6-ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)3量体のメチルエチルケトオキシム付加体(NV=70%)
※4:Baxenden社製 BI‐7982(NV=70%)
※5:3,5-ジメチルピラゾール
※6:ライオン株式会社製 ケッチェンブラックEC‐300J
※7:日本黒鉛株式会社製 SP‐20
※8:協和発酵ケミカル株式会社製 ブチセノール20アセテート(ブチルカルビトールアセテート)
電極を形成したガラスエポキシ基板の銅回路部に、上記実施例1~6及び比較例1~5の導電性ペーストを、それぞれスクリーン印刷法により塗布し、幅1mm×100mmのパターン皮膜を形成した。次いで熱風循環式乾燥炉において、150℃で30分間加熱硬化させた。次に、得られた硬化膜について、ミリオームハイテスター(HIOKI社製 3540 mΩHiTESTER)により抵抗値(R)を測定し、体積抵抗率を算出した。体積抵抗値の測定は、サーフコーダーを用いて導電成形体の厚み(t)を測定し、光学顕微鏡を用いて反射光に基づく導電成形体の正確なライン幅(w)および長さ(l)を測定し、これら測定値に基づいて、体積抵抗値を式「ρ=R・w・t/l」から算出した。ここで、ρは体積抵抗率(Ω・cm)、Rは抵抗値(Ω)、wは幅(cm)、tは厚さ(cm)、lは長さ(cm)を表している。なお、体積抵抗値は、数値が小さいほど好ましい。
ガラスエポキシ銅張積層板の銅箔面15mm×15mmのパターン皮膜を上記(1)と同様にスクリーン印刷法により形成し、加熱硬化した。得られた硬化膜に、カッターナイフで1mm×1mmの升目を100個作り、その上からセロハンテープで塗膜を引き剥がした時の基板上に残った升目の個数を調べ、密着性を評価した(JIS K5400-8.5)。升目残りが多い方が好ましい結果を示す。また、耐テープピール性の評価は、得られた硬化膜にセロハンテープを貼り付け、塗膜に対して90°でテープを剥離して、テープの付着物を目視で確認する。評価基準は以下の通り。
○:セロハンテープに付着物が全くないもの
×:セロハンテープに付着物があるもの
上記(1)と同様に作製したプリント配線板を、260℃のはんだ槽に10秒間浸漬した後、処理後の硬化膜につき、ミリオームハイテスター(HIOKI社製 3540 mΩHiTESTER)により抵抗値を測定した。算出した体積抵抗値から、処理前の体積抵抗値を基準に変化率を算出した。なお、はんだ処理後の変化率は、絶対値が小さい方が好ましい。
煮沸水中に上記(1)と同様に作製したプリント配線板を、2時間浸漬し煮沸した。煮沸処理後の硬化膜につき、ミリオームハイテスター(HIOKI社製 3540 mΩHiTESTER)により抵抗値を測定し、変化率を算出した。なお、はんだ処理後の変化率は、絶対値が小さい方が好ましい。
(1)と同様に作製したプリント配線板を、JIS K5600-5-6の試験方法に従って、鉛筆硬度試験機を用いて荷重1kgを掛けたときの塗膜に傷が付かない最も高い硬度をもって表示した。使用した鉛筆は三菱ハイユニ(三菱鉛筆(株)製)である。
Claims (11)
- (A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂、(B)ピラゾール化合物、(C)イソシアネート化合物、および、(D)導電粉を含むことを特徴とする導電性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(B)ピラゾール化合物が、3,5-ジメチルピラゾールである請求項1記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(C)イソシアネート化合物が、ブロック化イソシアネート化合物である請求項1または2記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- さらに、(E)ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含む請求項1記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(D)導電粉が、カーボンブラック、および、グラファイトのうち1種以上である請求項1記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- (A)レゾール型フェノール樹脂、(F)ピラゾールでブロックされたイソシアネート化合物、および、(D)導電粉を含むことを特徴とする導電性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(F)ピラゾールでブロックされたイソシアネート化合物が1,6-ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートの3量体の3,5-ジメチルピラゾールブロック体である請求項6記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- さらに、(E)ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を含む請求項6記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(D)導電粉が、カーボンブラック、および、グラファイトのうち1種以上である請求項6記載の導電性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の導電性樹脂組成物を硬化させて得られることを特徴とする導電性樹脂硬化物。
- 請求項10記載の導電性樹脂硬化物を用いることを特徴とする導体回路パターン。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2012041517A (ja) | 2012-03-01 |
CN103025782A (zh) | 2013-04-03 |
CN103025782B (zh) | 2015-09-23 |
KR20140003370A (ko) | 2014-01-09 |
KR101979034B1 (ko) | 2019-05-15 |
TWI478979B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
TW201219483A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
JP5650477B2 (ja) | 2015-01-07 |
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