WO2011055813A1 - 被覆工具 - Google Patents
被覆工具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011055813A1 WO2011055813A1 PCT/JP2010/069791 JP2010069791W WO2011055813A1 WO 2011055813 A1 WO2011055813 A1 WO 2011055813A1 JP 2010069791 W JP2010069791 W JP 2010069791W WO 2011055813 A1 WO2011055813 A1 WO 2011055813A1
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- film
- metal compound
- aluminum oxide
- coated tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
- Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coated tool in which a surface of a substrate is coated with a coating, and at least one layer of the coating is an ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film.
- a coated tool in which a surface of a cemented carbide base material is coated with a TiCN film or an aluminum oxide film is often used.
- the grain size (S) is 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ S ⁇ 1 ⁇ m when 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ d ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ m, and 2
- the alumina layer is larger than 1.3 in the (012) growth direction of the equivalent crystal plane.
- a coated cemented carbide coated with an ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film for example, Table 2 on page 417 of Non-Patent Document 1). reference.
- this coated cemented carbide has a problem in that the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide particles in the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film are very coarse, and therefore the wear resistance at high temperatures is poor.
- the inventor conducted research on a coated tool coated with an ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film.
- the average film thickness of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film was reduced to about 0.5 to about 10 ⁇ m
- the aluminum oxide in the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film was The average particle size of the particles is controlled to be about 0.5 to about 1.5 ⁇ m
- the (104) plane organization coefficient TC A ((012) to the (012) plane organization coefficient TC A (012) of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film 104): When the orientation of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film is controlled so that TC A (104) / TC A (012) is 2.0 or more, the film adhesion, wear resistance, crater resistance, and resistance The knowledge that chipping property is improved was obtained.
- a B1 type metal compound film is coated between the base material and the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film, and the average particle size of the B1 type metal compound particles in the B1 type metal compound film is about 0.15 to about 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the B1 type metal compound film has a maximum particle size of about 1.0 ⁇ m or less in the B1 type metal compound film, and a B1 type metal compound film corresponding to an organization factor TC B (311) of the (311) plane of the B1 type metal compound film
- the ratio of the organization coefficient TC B (422) of the (422) surface of TC B (422) / TC B (311) is controlled to 1.5 or more, the film adhesion, wear resistance, crater resistance and The knowledge that chipping resistance was further improved was obtained.
- the coated tool of the present invention is excellent in film adhesion, abrasion resistance, crater resistance and chipping resistance.
- the coated tool of the present invention is used as a cutting tool or a wear-resistant tool, the tool life is increased.
- the substrate of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a member having both hardness and toughness, and examples thereof include ceramics, alloy steel, cemented carbide, and cermet.
- cemented carbide and cermet are preferable.
- Cemented carbide, cermet is Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Al, Si carbide, nitride, carbonitride, oxide, carbonate, nitride oxide, carbonitride oxidation
- a cemented carbide containing WC as a main component is more preferable because it has excellent toughness.
- a cubic phase ( ⁇ phase) such as (W, Ti) C, (W, Ti, Ta) C is present in the vicinity of the surface of the cemented carbide substrate. It is preferable to provide a de ⁇ layer composed of the disappeared WC and the binder phase in a depth direction from the alloy surface to a thickness of about 5 to about 40 ⁇ m.
- the coating of the present invention is an ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention, or Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Al, Si carbide, nitride, oxide, carbonitride. , Carbonates, nitrides, oxynitrides, borides, and one or more metal compound films of these solid solutions, and the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention.
- the surface of the substrate of the present invention may be directly coated with the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention. However, in order to improve the wear resistance and chipping resistance, the substrate surface is coated with a metal compound film, and further the metal The surface of the compound film may be coated with an ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film.
- base material components such as W, C, Co, Mo, Cr, and V may diffuse from the base material into the metal compound film. Even in this case, the essential effect of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention is not changed.
- the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention has an average film thickness of about 0.5 to about 10 ⁇ m and an average particle size of about 0.5 to about 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the organization coefficient TC A (012) of the (012) plane of the aluminum film and the organization coefficient TC A (104) of the (104) plane of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film expressed by the following formula 2 are expressed as TC A (104) / TC A (012) ⁇ 2.0 is satisfied.
- TC A (104) / TC A (012) is more preferably 4.0 or more
- TC A (104) / TC A (012) is more preferably 6.0 or more. Since the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention has high grain boundary strength, it is difficult to cause cracks and is excellent in adhesion to the base, so that dropping and destruction of crystal grains in the coating are reduced during cutting. Therefore, the coated tool coated with the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention is excellent in film adhesion, wear resistance, crater resistance and chipping resistance.
- the X-ray diffraction intensity of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention can be measured by the 2 ⁇ / ⁇ method using a normal X-ray diffractometer equipped with a Cu tube.
- the X-ray diffraction intensity in the present invention is the peak height of an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement.
- Table 1 shows the JCPDS card No.
- the interplanar spacing d ( ⁇ ) corresponding to each crystal plane of ⁇ -type aluminum oxide described in 10-173 and the standard X-ray diffraction intensity I A0 are shown.
- Table 1 shows 2 ⁇ (°) of each crystal plane obtained by calculation from the wavelength 1.54056 ⁇ of the K ⁇ 1 line of Cu and the interplanar spacing d ( ⁇ ) of each crystal plane.
- the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention exhibits columnar crystals.
- the columnar crystal in the present invention means a crystal having a longer particle size measured in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface than a particle size measured in a direction parallel to the substrate surface.
- the average particle diameter of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide particles in the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention is 10,000 times the surface texture of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film in the direction parallel to the substrate surface by SEM (scanning electron microscope). Take an enlarged SEM photograph, draw three or more straight lines in random directions on this SEM photograph, measure the distance between the grain boundaries of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film across the straight line, and the average value Was the average particle size of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide particles. In the case where the surface of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention is coated with a metal compound film, the surface of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film may be observed by removing it with hydrofluoric acid or the like.
- the average particle size of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide particles in the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention is less than about 0.5 ⁇ m, the fracture resistance is lowered, and the average particle size of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide particles in the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film is reduced. Since the wear resistance decreases when the diameter exceeds about 1.5 ⁇ m, the average particle diameter of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide particles in the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film is set to about 0.5 to about 1.5 ⁇ m. Further, when the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention has an average film thickness of less than about 0.5 ⁇ m, the wear resistance is lowered, and when the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film has an average film thickness of more than about 10 ⁇ m, the chipping resistance is reduced. Therefore, the average film thickness of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film was set to about 0.5 to about 10 ⁇ m.
- the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention may contain sulfur, sulfide, selenium, and tellurium as unavoidable impurities in an amount of 1 atomic% or less with respect to the entire ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention.
- the B1 type metal compound film of the present invention is composed of carbides, nitrides, charcoal of periodic group 4 (Ti, Zr, Hf, etc.), 5 (V, Nb, Ta, etc.), 6 (Cr, Mo, W, etc.) group elements. Since it is excellent in abrasion resistance, it is further more preferable that it is at least 1 sort in nitride and these mutual solid solutions. Among these, it is more preferable to consist of Ti carbonitride.
- the average particle diameter of the B1 type metal compound particles in the B1 type metal compound film of the present invention is about 0.15 to about 0.3 ⁇ m, and the maximum particle size of the B1 type metal compound particles in the B1 type metal compound film is about
- An organization coefficient TC B (422) of the (422) plane of the B1 type metal compound film which is 1.0 ⁇ m or less and represented by the following formula 3, and a B1 type metal compound represented by the following formula 4
- the organization coefficient TC B (311) of the (311) plane of the film preferably satisfies TC B (422) / TC B (311) ⁇ 1.5.
- the X-ray diffraction intensity of the B1-type metal compound film of the present invention can be measured by the 2 ⁇ / ⁇ method using an X-ray diffractometer equipped with a Cu tube.
- Table 2 shows the JCPDS card No. 32-1383, the interplanar spacing d ( ⁇ ) corresponding to each crystal plane of TiC, standard X-ray diffraction intensity I 0 , JCPDS card no. 38-1420, the interplanar spacing d ( ⁇ ) corresponding to each crystal plane of TiN, standard X-ray diffraction intensity I 0 , TiC standard X-ray diffraction intensity I 0, and TiN standard X-ray diffraction intensity I 0 .
- the average value I B0 is shown.
- Table 2 shows 2 ⁇ (°) of each crystal plane obtained by calculation from the wavelength of K ⁇ 1 line of Cu of 1.54056 ⁇ and the interplanar spacing d ( ⁇ ).
- the X-ray diffraction intensity from the (111) plane to the (511) plane of the B1 type metal compound film can be measured.
- the X-ray diffraction peak of the (311) plane of the B1 type metal compound film may overlap with the X-ray diffraction peak of the WC (111) plane of the substrate.
- the B1-type metal compound film The value obtained by subtracting 0.25 times the X-ray diffraction intensity of the WC (101) plane from the X-ray diffraction intensity where the (311) plane and the WC (111) plane overlap is X of the (311) plane of the B1 type metal compound film Considered as line diffraction intensity I B (311).
- the B1-type metal compound film of the present invention exhibits columnar crystals.
- the columnar crystal in the present invention means a crystal having a longer particle size measured in a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface than a particle size measured in a direction parallel to the substrate surface.
- the average particle diameter of the B1 type metal compound film of the present invention is a range within 1 ⁇ m in the depth direction from the interface between the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film and the B1 type metal compound film or the interface between the adhesion film and the B1 type metal compound film. Means the average particle diameter of the B1 type metal compound particles in the B1 type metal compound film in the direction parallel to the substrate surface. If there are irregularities at the interface, the measurement is performed within a range of 1 ⁇ m from the position closest to the substrate (valley). Specifically, the average particle diameter of the B1 type metal compound film can be measured from the lap surface of the B1 type metal compound film that appears by removing the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film or the adhesion film by diamond lapping on the surface of the coated tool.
- the distance is within 1 ⁇ m from the interface between the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film and the B1-type metal compound film or the interface between the adhesion film and the B1-type metal compound film can be confirmed by cross-sectional observation.
- the lap surface of the B1 type metal compound film is corroded with hydrofluoric acid or the like, the particle size of the B1 type metal compound film can be easily measured.
- the lap surface of the B1 type metal compound film was magnified 10,000 times with SEM, and an SEM photograph was taken.
- the wear resistance tends to decrease.
- the average film thickness of the B1 type metal compound film of the present invention is less than about 3 ⁇ m, the wear resistance tends to decrease, and when the average film thickness of the B1 type metal compound film exceeds about 20 ⁇ m, the chipping resistance is reduced. Therefore, the average film thickness of the B1 type metal compound film is preferably about 3 to about 20 ⁇ m.
- the adhesion between the base material and the film is increased, A uniform columnar structure is obtained in the B1-type metal compound film, which is preferable because the uniformity of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film structure and the smoothness of the surface of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film are improved.
- Specific examples include TiN and TiCN.
- the average film thickness of the lowermost film of the present invention is less than about 0.1 ⁇ m, the adhesion between the substrate and the film tends to decrease, and when the average film thickness of the lowermost film exceeds about 1 ⁇ m, chipping resistance Therefore, the average film thickness of the lowermost film is preferably about 0.1 to about 1 ⁇ m.
- the adhesion film of at least one kind of metal compound is preferable because the adhesion between the B1 type metal compound film and the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film is improved.
- Specific examples include TiCO, TiNO, TiCNO, TiAlCO, TiAlNO, and TiAlCNO.
- the adhesion film is more preferably a metal compound composed of at least one of carbonates, nitrides, and oxynitrides containing Ti and Al, and among them, the adhesion film is a carbon compound containing Ti and Al.
- TiAlCNO has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, AlCl 3 : 1.0 to 2.0 mol%, CO: 0.4 to 1.0 mol%, N 2 when chemical vapor deposition is used. : 30 to 40 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 975 to 1025 ° C, pressure: 90 to 110 hPa.
- the average film thickness of the adhesion film of the present invention is less than about 0.3 ⁇ m, the adhesion between the B1 type metal compound film and the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film tends to be reduced, and the average film thickness of the adhesion film is about 2 ⁇ m. If the thickness exceeds this range, the fragile adhesive film tends to break, so the average film thickness of the adhesive film is preferably about 0.3 to about 2 ⁇ m.
- the corner used for cutting is identified by the difference in color or the like. Is preferable because it becomes easier. Specific examples include TiN and TiCN.
- the average film thickness of the entire outer film of the present invention is less than about 0.1 ⁇ m, it is difficult to obtain a uniform color tone, and when the average film thickness of the entire outer film exceeds about 2 ⁇ m, the welding resistance tends to decrease. Therefore, the average film thickness of the entire outer membrane is preferably about 0.1 to about 2 ⁇ m.
- the coated tool of the present invention can be produced by coating the surface of a substrate with a physical vapor deposition method or a chemical vapor deposition method.
- a physical vapor deposition method or a chemical vapor deposition method.
- coating by chemical vapor deposition is preferable because high adhesion between the substrate and the coating can be obtained.
- the raw material gas composition is AlCl 3 : 2.1 to 5.0 mol%, CO 2 : 2.5 to 4.0 mol%, HCl: 2.0 to 3.0 mol%, H 2 : remaining After coating a film thickness of about 0.1 to about 0.3 ⁇ m under the first stage coating conditions of temperature: 990 to 1000 ° C.
- the raw material gas composition is AlCl 3 : 2.1 to 5 0.0 mol%, CO 2 : 2.5 to 4.0 mol%, HCl: 2.0 to 3.0 mol%, H 2 S: 0.28 to 0.45 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 990 to
- the film thickness of about 0.4 to about 9.9 ⁇ m is coated under the second coating conditions of 1000 ° C. and pressure: 60 to 80 hPa, the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention can be obtained.
- ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film of the present invention coated 5-20 minutes in a first stage condition without addition of H 2 S, then covered with the second stage of coating conditions with the addition of H 2 S Yes.
- the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide nucleation and film formation speed can be optimized, and a uniform and dense ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film base can be obtained.
- 0.28 to 0.45 mol% of H 2 S is added to increase the grain growth rate of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film, so that ⁇ -type oxidation having a uniform structure, high adhesion and high strength is achieved.
- An aluminum film can be obtained.
- the coating conditions of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film in the first stage and the second stage for example, when the temperature is 1000 ° C. and the pressure is 70 hPa, if the CO 2 contained in the source gas exceeds 4.0 mol%, TC A (104) / TC A (012) is less than 2.0, and cutting performance decreases. On the contrary, when the CO 2 contained in the raw material gas is less than 2.5 mol%, the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide grain growth rate is remarkably lowered to reduce the film strength, and the film adhesion, wear resistance, crater resistance And chipping resistance are reduced. For example, in the case of temperature: 1000 ° C.
- the B1 type metal compound film of the present invention has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 10 to 15 mol%, CH 3 CN: 1 to 3 mol%, N 2 : 0 to 20 mol%, H 2 : remaining. , Temperature: 780 to 830 ° C., pressure: 80 to 100 hPa.
- the temperature is 800 ° C. and the pressure is 90 hPa
- CH 3 CN contained in the raw material gas is less than 1.0 mol%, the grain growth rate of the B1-type metal compound film is remarkably lowered, and the strength of the film is lowered. There is a case.
- the X-ray diffraction peak intensity of the (311) plane of the B1 type metal compound film may increase, and TC B (422) / TC B (311) may be less than 1.5, and the average particle size of the B1-type metal compound film exceeds 0.3 ⁇ m, and as a result, film adhesion, abrasion resistance, crater resistance, and chipping resistance. May decrease. For example, when the temperature is 800 ° C.
- the bottom film, the adhesion film, and the outer film of the present invention can be coated by a conventional physical vapor deposition method or chemical vapor deposition method.
- the application of the coated tool of the present invention includes a cutting tool typified by an insert and a wear resistant tool typified by a mold.
- a high effect can be obtained by applying the coated tool of the present invention to such a high-stress tool.
- the coated tool of the present invention is used as a cutting tool, chipping at an edge portion where stress is particularly concentrated hardly occurs and the tool life is increased.
- the coated tool of the present invention is used as a wear-resistant tool, chipping particularly near the edge hardly occurs and the tool life is increased.
- a mixed powder composed of Co powder having an average particle diameter of 1.5 ⁇ m: 7% by weight was sintered to obtain a cemented carbide.
- the cemented carbide was processed into an ISO standard CNMG120212-shaped insert and used as a base material.
- the de-beta layer which consists only of WC and Co is formed in the surface vicinity of the cemented carbide base material.
- the thickness of the de- ⁇ layer on the flank face was 15 ⁇ m.
- the substrate was coated with a film having a film structure shown in Table 3.
- the TiN film of the first layer on the most substrate side has coating conditions in which the raw material gas composition is TiCl 4 : 9.0 mol%, N 2 : 40 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 850 ° C., and pressure: 160 hPa. Covered.
- the TiCN film of the second layer was coated under the coating conditions shown in Table 4.
- the third layer of TiAlCNO film has a source gas composition of TiCl 4 : 4.0 mol%, AlCl 3 : 1.2 mol%, N 2 : 34 mol%, CO: 0.6 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 1000 It coat
- the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film of the fourth layer was coated under the first-stage coating conditions shown in Table 5, and subsequently coated under the second-stage coating conditions shown in Table 6.
- the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film of the fourth layer was coated under the coating conditions shown in Table 7.
- the TiCN film of the fifth layer has a source gas composition of TiCl 4 : 7.3 mol%, N 2 : 11.6 mol%, CH 3 CN: 1.2 mol%, H 2 : the rest, Coating was performed under coating conditions of temperature: 1000 ° C. and pressure: 90 hPa.
- the TiN film of the sixth layer on the most surface side is coated under the coating conditions in which the raw material gas composition is TiCl 4 : 9.0 mol%, N 2 : 40 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 1000 ° C., pressure: 160 hPa. did.
- the obtained sample was subjected to X-ray diffraction measurement using CuK ⁇ ray to obtain TC A (104) and TC A (012).
- the value of TC A (104) / TC A (012) was calculated, and the value is shown in Table 8.
- the fifth layer and the sixth layer of the sample of the present invention were removed with hydrofluoric acid, and the surface texture of the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film was magnified 10,000 times with SEM (scanning electron microscope), and SEM photographs were taken. Three straight lines are drawn in a random direction on the SEM photograph, the distance between the crystal grain boundaries of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film crossing the straight line is measured, and the average value is calculated as the average grain size of the ⁇ -type aluminum oxide film. did.
- the fourth-layer ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film of the invention is a columnar crystal
- the fourth-layer ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film of the comparative product 1 is a columnar crystal. It was confirmed that the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film of No. 5 was a lump.
- the sample from which the fifth layer and the sixth layer were removed with hydrofluoric acid was subjected to X-ray diffraction measurement using a CuK ⁇ 1 line with a 2 ⁇ measurement range of 20 ° to 145 °, and the TC of the TiCN film of the second layer was measured.
- B (422) and TC B (311) of the second layer were determined.
- the X-ray diffraction intensity of the TiCN film (311) surface of the second layer and the X-ray diffraction peak of the WC (111) surface of the base material overlapped, the X-ray diffraction intensity of the TiCN film (311) surface A value obtained by subtracting 0.25 times the X-ray diffraction intensity of the WC (101) plane was regarded as the X-ray diffraction intensity of the (311) plane of the TiCN film.
- Table 9 shows the ratio of TC B (422) / TC B (311) of the TiCN film of the second layer. Table 9 shows crystal planes showing the highest X-ray diffraction intensity in the TiCN film from the (111) plane to the (511) plane.
- the lap surface of the second TiCN film that appeared after removing the third to sixth layers by diamond lapping on the sample surface was treated with hydrofluoric acid and magnified 10,000 times with SEM, and an SEM photograph was taken. .
- Three straight lines are drawn in a random direction with respect to this SEM photograph, the distance between the grain boundaries of the TiCN film crossing the straight line is measured, and the maximum value thereof is taken as the maximum grain size of the TiCN film.
- Table 9 shows the average particle size and the maximum particle size of the TiCN film. Moreover, it was confirmed from cross-sectional observation that the TiCN film of the second layer of the invention product and the comparative product was a columnar crystal.
- the inventive product has better film adhesion than the comparative product, and thus the substrate is not easily exposed, and the chipping resistance, crater resistance, fracture resistance, and wear resistance are excellent. I found it excellent.
- the comparative product was judged to have a tool life because chipping and chipping occurred, and the flank wear amount was 1.50 mm or more.
- the inventive product is free from chipping and chipping, and the flank wear amount is 1.20 mm or less, so that the cutting time can be extended. That is, it can be seen that the inventive product has a longer tool life than the comparative product.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
、
但し、I(hkl)=(hkl)反射の測定強度、Io(hkl)=ASTM標準パワーパターン回折データの標準強度、n=反射の数、(hkl)反射は(012)、(104)、(110)、(113)、(024)、(116)である、ことを特徴とする被覆物体がある(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。しかし、この被覆物体は、耐チッピング性を要する加工、特に鋼の切削加工において十分な性能を示すことができないという問題がある。
1試料当たり5個のサンプルを用意し、ロックウェル硬度測定機を用いてサンプル表面にロックウェル圧子を印加荷重60kgfで押し込み、基材からの被膜の剥離を調べるという密着性評価試験を行なった。その結果を表10に示した。
切削速度:220m/min
切込み:2mm
送り:0.35mm/rev
切削形態:湿式(水溶性エマルジョン使用)
1回の切削時間:15min
試験回数:5回
Claims (18)
- α型酸化アルミニウム膜が柱状晶である請求項1に記載の被覆工具。
- 被膜が、α型酸化アルミニウム膜単独、または、Ti、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Al、Siの炭化物、窒化物、酸化物、炭窒化物、炭酸化物、窒酸化物、炭窒酸化物、ホウ化物およびこれらの相互固溶体の1種または2種以上の金属化合物膜とα型酸化アルミニウム膜とからなる請求項1または2に記載の被覆工具。
- TCA(104)/TCA(012)が4.0以上である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
- TCA(104)/TCA(012)が6.0以上である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
- B1型金属化合物膜が柱状晶である請求項6に記載の被覆工具。
- B1型金属化合物膜がTiの炭窒化物からなる金属化合物膜である請求項6または7に記載の被覆工具。
- B1型金属化合物膜の平均膜厚が約3μm~約20μmである請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
- 基材とB1型金属化合物膜との間に最下膜があり、最下膜が、Tiの窒化物、炭窒化物の1種または2種からなる金属化合物膜である請求項6~9のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
- 最下膜の平均膜厚が約0.1μm~約1μmである請求項10に記載の被覆工具。
- B1型金属化合物膜とα型酸化アルミニウム膜との間に密着膜があり、密着膜が、Tiの炭酸化物、窒酸化物、炭窒酸化物、TiとAlとを含む炭酸化物、窒酸化物、炭窒酸化物の中の少なくとも1種からなる金属化合物膜である請求項6~11のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
- 密着膜が、TiCO、TiNO、TiCNO、TiAlCO、TiAlNO及びTiAlCNOから成る群より選択された少なくとも1種である請求項12に記載の被覆工具。
- 密着膜が、TiとAlとを含む炭酸化物、窒酸化物、炭窒酸化物の中の少なくとも1種からなる金属化合物膜である請求項12に記載の被覆工具。
- 密着膜の平均膜厚が約0.3μm~約2μmである請求項12~14のいずれか1に記載の被覆工具。
- α型酸化アルミニウム膜の表面に外膜が被覆され、外膜が、Tiの窒化物、炭窒化物の1種または2種からなる金属化合物膜である請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
- 外膜の平均膜厚が約0.1μm~約2μmである請求項16に記載の被覆工具。
- α型酸化アルミニウム膜が、化学蒸着法により形成されたものであり、原料ガス組成がAlCl3:2.1~5.0mol%、CO2:2.5~4.0mol%、HCl:2.0~3.0mol%、H2:残りとし、温度:990~1000℃、圧力:60~80hPaとする第1段階の被覆条件で形成された膜厚約0.1~約0.3μmの被膜、および原料ガス組成がAlCl3:2.1~5.0mol%、CO2:2.5~4.0mol%、HCl:2.0~3.0mol%、H2S:0.28~0.45mol%、H2:残りとし、温度:990~1000℃、圧力:60~80hPaとする第2段階の被覆条件で形成された膜厚約0.4~約9.9μmの被膜からなる請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の被覆工具。
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KR1020127011761A KR101395625B1 (ko) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-11-08 | 피복 공구 |
US13/508,010 US8747990B2 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-11-08 | Coated tool |
EP10828371.4A EP2497590B1 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-11-08 | Coated tool |
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Also Published As
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CN102612417A (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
US8747990B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
EP2497590A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
US20120225247A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
KR101395625B1 (ko) | 2014-05-16 |
EP2497590B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
KR20120073322A (ko) | 2012-07-04 |
JPWO2011055813A1 (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
EP2497590A4 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
JP5715570B2 (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
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