WO2009110503A1 - 重合体、硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、及び物品 - Google Patents
重合体、硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物、及び物品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009110503A1 WO2009110503A1 PCT/JP2009/054063 JP2009054063W WO2009110503A1 WO 2009110503 A1 WO2009110503 A1 WO 2009110503A1 JP 2009054063 W JP2009054063 W JP 2009054063W WO 2009110503 A1 WO2009110503 A1 WO 2009110503A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated side groups
- C08F290/14—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F290/142—Polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/16—Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen
- C08F216/165—Carbocyclic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/40—Esters of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. allyl (meth)acrylate
Definitions
- the present invention is a polymer having an unsaturated group capable of radical polymerization in the side chain, and contains such a polymer. For example, when it is applied to a plastic substrate and cured and laminated, it has good low warpage and scratch resistance.
- the present invention relates to a curable resin composition from which a cured film having adhesiveness and adhesion can be obtained, a cured product obtained by curing the curable resin composition, and an article obtained by laminating the cured product.
- a polymer of a vinyl ether monomer can be usually produced by performing a polymerization reaction by a cationic polymerization method.
- polymers of alkyl vinyl ethers are used in, for example, pressure-sensitive adhesives, tackifiers, adhesives, softeners, paints, leather paints, fabric finishes, synthetic rubber modifiers, and the like.
- the vinyl ether polymer is generally produced by cationic polymerization of alkyl vinyl ether using a Lewis acid polymerization catalyst (hereinafter referred to as a Lewis acid catalyst).
- a Lewis acid catalyst a Lewis acid polymerization catalyst
- a compound having a lone electron pair such as water, alcohol, acid, ether, halogen compound or the like is usually used as a cocatalyst.
- the degree of polymerization is controlled by the polymerization catalyst, the amount of cocatalyst used, the polymerization temperature, and the like.
- a desired alkyl vinyl ether is cationically polymerized in the presence of a co-catalyst such as alcohol and a Lewis acid catalyst such as boron trifluoride complex and anhydrous aluminum chloride, and then the catalyst is deactivated.
- a co-catalyst such as alcohol
- a Lewis acid catalyst such as boron trifluoride complex and anhydrous aluminum chloride
- a low molecular weight polymer having a molecular weight of about several hundreds a so-called oligomer is often obtained.
- a higher molecular weight polymer can be obtained by carrying out the reaction at a lower temperature, but in order to obtain a polymer having a molecular weight of several thousand or more, depending on the reaction temperature, It is known that it is necessary to set reaction conditions such that the temperature is 0 ° C. or lower, which is disadvantageous for production at an industrial level. It is difficult to obtain a polymer having a high molecular weight, and it is difficult to design a molecule according to the purpose as compared with an anionic polymerization method and a radical polymerization method, so that applicable applications are limited.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for conducting living cationic polymerization of ⁇ -methylstyrene using a polymerization initiator composed of a specific organic halogen compound and a Lewis acid halide.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a method of conducting living cationic polymerization in the presence of Lewis acid such as organoaluminum compound and tin compound.
- Lewis acid such as organoaluminum compound and tin compound.
- a method of introducing an unsaturated group into the polymer by reacting with an unsaturated compound is used.
- a method of introducing an unsaturated group by an acid epoxy reaction using an epoxy group-containing unsaturated compound such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate (2) A method of introducing an unsaturated group by urethanization reaction using an unsaturated compound having an isocyanate group, (3) The method etc. which introduce
- transduce an unsaturated group by esterification reaction of carboxylic acid, a hydroxyl group, or an amine group, or amidation reaction, etc. are mentioned.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a monomer having a functional group polymerizable by a cationic polymerization method and further having a radical polymerizable unsaturated group is a monomer having a cyclic ether skeleton. And a polymer having an unsaturated group capable of radical polymerization in the side chain and capable of molecular design according to the purpose, and a curable resin composition containing the polymer
- An object is to provide an article, a cured product obtained by curing the curable resin composition, and an article obtained by laminating the cured product on a substrate.
- the “cured product” means a substance having no fluidity.
- the vinyl ether group selectively undergoes a polymerization reaction, and as a heat / ultraviolet / electron beam curable polymer, a (meth) acryloyl group having a double bond capable of radical polymerization (anionic polymerization) in the side chain. A pendant polymer is obtained.
- the above-mentioned side chain polymerizable group-containing polymer is a cured product obtained by curing a curable resin composition containing the side chain polymerizable group-containing polymer when the molecular weight of the polymer, particularly the number average molecular weight, is large. Therefore, molecular design according to the application is necessary.
- the molecular weight can be adjusted by adjusting the reaction temperature or using alcohol or the like as a chain transfer agent.
- a high molecular weight polymer having a molecular weight of several thousand or more is difficult to polymerize, and must be polymerized at a low temperature of, for example, ⁇ 10 ° C. or less, or use a special initiator, and is not suitable for mass production.
- the present inventors have introduced a cyclic ether skeleton as a copolymerization component into a (meth) acryloyl group pendant polymer having a double bond capable of radical polymerization in the side chain, thereby achieving a relatively high reaction.
- a polymer having a high molecular weight can be obtained even at a temperature (for example, 40 ° C.), and by setting the mass ratio of the copolymerization component within a specific range, a molecular design according to the purpose can be achieved, and the above problems can be solved at once. I found out that I can.
- a curable resin composition containing the polymer capable of obtaining a cured product having good low warpage, scratch resistance, and adhesion when applied to a substrate such as plastic and cured and laminated.
- the present invention was completed by finding that the cured product and an article formed by laminating the cured product were obtained.
- the polymer according to the first invention is obtained from at least a vinyl monomer represented by the following general formula (1) and a cyclic ether compound represented by the following general formula (2). To do.
- R 1 is an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- m is a positive integer
- n is an integer of 1 to 5
- the polymer according to the second invention is the polymer represented by the general formula (1) in the first invention represented by 1% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less of the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (2). It is obtained by polymerizing 0.1% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less of the cyclic ether compound and 0% by mass or more and 98.9% by mass or less of other cationically polymerizable monomers. .
- the polymer according to the third invention is the mass ratio of the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) and the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) in the first or second invention. Is 50/50 or more and 99.9 / 0.1 or less.
- the curable resin composition according to the fourth invention is characterized by containing the polymer of any one of the first to third inventions.
- the cured product according to the fifth invention is obtained by curing the curable resin composition of the fourth invention.
- the article according to the sixth invention is characterized in that the cured product of the fifth invention is laminated.
- the present invention in the production of a cationic polymer containing a radically polymerizable unsaturated group in the side chain, without using a highly active metal compound or setting the reaction temperature at a low temperature, a simple method, for example, The molecular design according to the purpose became possible, such as obtaining a high molecular weight polymer.
- the curable resin composition containing the polymer obtained by the present invention it is formed when coated on a base material made of plastic or the coating on the base material and cured.
- the coated film has a high surface hardness, is not easily damaged, is less likely to cause warping and curling of the laminate, cracks, peeling, etc., and has excellent adhesion to a substrate such as a plastic or a coating film.
- a cured product having light transmittance and an article obtained by laminating the cured product are obtained.
- the polymer (vinyl polymer) (A) of the present invention polymerizes at least a vinyl monomer represented by the following general formula (1) and a cyclic ether compound represented by the following general formula (2). Is obtained.
- R 1 is an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- m is a positive integer
- n is an integer of 1 to 5
- Examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R 1 include an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, Propylene group, tetramethylene group, pentamethylene group, hexamethylene group, heptamethylene group, octamethylene group, cyclohexylene group, 1,4-dimethylcyclohexane- ⁇ , ⁇ '-diyl group, 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane- ⁇ , ⁇ '-diyl group, 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane- ⁇ , ⁇ '-diyl group, 1,4-dimethylphenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ '-diyl group, 1,3-dimethylphenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ '-diyl Group, 1,2-dimethylphenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ '-diyl group and the like.
- R 1 There are m substituents represented by R 1 in the general
- m is a positive integer, preferably an integer of 1 to 20, more preferably an integer of 1 to 10, and further preferably an integer of 1 to 5.
- the polymer (A) of the present invention is prepared by conventionally known cationic polymerization using a vinyl monomer which is a heteropolymerizable monomer represented by the general formula (1) as a copolymerization component. It can also be prepared by living cationic polymerization by the method described in JP-A-2006-241189.
- the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resulting copolymer may be a random copolymer, an alternating copolymer, a periodic copolymer, a block copolymer, or a combination thereof.
- a graft copolymer may be sufficient.
- vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) examples include, for example, 2-vinyloxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-vinyloxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methacrylic acid 2- Vinyloxypropyl, 1-vinyloxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 1-methyl-2-vinyloxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 4-vinyloxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 3-vinyloxybutyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic 2-vinyloxybutyl acid, 1-methyl-3-vinyloxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methyl-3-vinyloxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 1-methyl-2-vinyloxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 1,1-dimethyl-2-vinyloxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 6-vinyloxyhexyl (meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylic acid 4-vinyl
- the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) can be produced using a conventionally known method.
- R 1 is an ethylene group and m is 1
- a metal salt of (meth) acrylic acid and 2-halogenoethyl vinyl ether are condensed or methyl (meth) acrylate
- 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether can be transesterified, or (meth) acrylic acid halide and 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether can be condensed.
- Cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) In the general formula (2), n is an integer of 1 to 5, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 1. Specific examples of the cyclic ether compound (oxygen-containing monocyclic monomer) represented by the general formula (2) include 2,3-dihydrofuran, 2,3-dihydropyran and the like. Of these, 2,3-dihydrofuran is preferred.
- the polymer (A) of the present invention is, if necessary, a vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) and the general formula (2). In addition to the cyclic ether compound represented, it can be obtained by polymerizing the following cationic polymerizable monomers as copolymerization components.
- Examples of the cationically polymerizable monomer include ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, t-butyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, 4- Vinyl ether compounds such as hydroxybutyl vinyl ether and cyclohexyl vinyl ether; styrene, 4-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 2,5-dimethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylstyrene Styrene derivatives such as 4-t-butylstyrene, 2-chlorostyrene, 3-chlorostyrene, 4-chlorostyrene, 4-methoxystyrene, 4-chloromethylstyrene;
- cationically polymerizable monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- vinyl ether compounds such as isobutyl vinyl ether and cyclohexyl vinyl ether are preferred.
- the polymer (A) of the present invention is a copolymer obtained by polymerizing the monomer capable of cationic polymerization
- the copolymer is a vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1). It can be easily prepared by cationic polymerization of the product, the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2), and the monomer capable of cationic polymerization.
- polymer (A) of the present invention polymerizes at least a vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2). Obtained.
- the polymer (A) of the present invention comprises 1% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less of a vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a cyclic ether represented by the general formula (2). It is preferably obtained by polymerizing 0.1% by mass to 99% by mass of the compound and 0% by mass to 98.9% by mass of other cationically polymerizable monomers.
- the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) has an upper limit of preferably 99% by mass, more preferably 98% by mass, and a lower limit of preferably 5% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass. More preferably, it is 15% by mass.
- the upper limit of the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) is preferably 98% by mass, more preferably 50% by mass, still more preferably 47% by mass, and the lower limit is preferably 0.5% by mass. More preferably, it is 1% by mass.
- the other cationic polymerizable monomer has an upper limit of preferably 90% by mass, more preferably 80% by mass, still more preferably 70% by mass, particularly preferably 60% by mass, and a lower limit of preferably 5% by mass. %, More preferably 10% by mass, still more preferably 15% by mass.
- the upper limit of the mass ratio of the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) and the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) is 99.9. /0.1, preferably 99.5 / 0.5, more preferably 99/1, still more preferably 98/2, and the lower limit is 50/50, preferably 51/49, more preferably 52/48, More preferably, it is 53/47.
- the upper limit of the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer (A) of the present invention is preferably 500,000, more preferably 100,000, still more preferably 50,000, and the lower limit is preferably 4,000. Preferably it is 5,000, more preferably 5,500, particularly preferably 6,000.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- the polymer (A) of the present invention introduces a cyclic ether skeleton derived from the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2), thereby allowing the active cationic species during polymerization. Can stabilize and have a high molecular weight even when reacted at a relatively high temperature (eg, 40 ° C.).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) is 2 columns TSK-gel SuperHM-H manufactured by Tosoh Corporation under the conditions of a temperature of 40 ° C. and a flow rate of 0.3 mL / min using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a mobile phase.
- a TSK-gel SuperH2000 is used, and is a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) apparatus manufactured by Tosoh Corporation using an HLC-8220GPC and converted to standard polystyrene.
- the polymer (A) of the present invention can be obtained as a liquid viscous material, unless the content of the monomer is high so that the polymer (A) is solid. If it is a liquid viscous body, since the solubility with an organic solvent and a (meth) acrylate type monomer is good, the improvement of work efficiency can be aimed at when preparing a curable resin composition. When the viscosity is low, workability is good, and wettability with the base material is improved when a laminate is produced.
- the manufacturing method of the polymer (A) of this invention is explained in full detail.
- various reaction conditions such as a polymerization catalyst, a cocatalyst, a polymerization solvent, a polymerization temperature, and a polymerization concentration can be selected as appropriate.
- the polymerization catalyst can be used for cationic polymerization. Any conventionally known polymerization catalyst can be used.
- the polymerization catalyst include Bronsted acids such as hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, trichloroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid; boron trifluoride and its complexes Lewis acids such as aluminum trichloride, aluminum tribromide, tin tetrachloride, zinc dichloride, ferric chloride; organometallic compounds such as diethyl aluminum chloride, ethyl aluminum chloride, diethyl zinc; phosphotungstic acid, phosphorus Molybdic acid, phosphomolybdotungstic acid, phosphomolybdovanadic acid, phosphomolybdotungstovanadic acid, phosphotungstovanadic acid, phosphomolybdoniobic acid, silicotungstic acid, silicomolybdic acid, silicomolybdotungstic acid Gustobanaic acid, germanium tungs
- heteropoly acids are preferred, and heteropoly acids are more preferred.
- the heteropolyacids at least one oxide of Mo, W, V and oxyacid generated by condensation of oxyacids of other elements (for example, P, Si, As, Ge, B, Ti, Ce, etc.)
- An acid or a salt thereof is preferred, and the atomic ratio of the former to the latter is preferably from 2.5 to 12, particularly preferably 12.
- the cocatalyst is used in combination with this polymerization catalyst, the reaction may be accelerated.
- the addition amount of the polymerization catalyst used in the present invention may be appropriately adjusted.
- the heteropolyacid is highly active, the polymerization reaction proceeds sufficiently even when the amount used relative to vinyl ether is 100 ppm or less.
- the addition amount of the polymerization catalyst may be increased.
- the upper limit of the amount of the polymerization catalyst used is 3% by mass, preferably 5000 ppm, and the lower limit is 1 ppm, preferably 10 ppm, based on the total amount of monomers capable of cationic polymerization.
- the upper limit is more preferably 100 ppm, and the lower limit is more preferably 10 ppm.
- the polymerization solvent is preferably an aprotic solvent.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, xylene and benzene; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane; saturated cyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane Halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and trichloroethylene; esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and butyl propionate; ethers such as propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether; tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane Cyclic ethers such as nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile can be used.
- the amount of water, alcohol and other protic compounds in the reaction system is very important to control the amount of water, alcohol and other protic compounds in the reaction system.
- the amount of protic compounds such as moisture and alcohol in the reaction system is preferably 3000 ppm or less, and more preferably 2000 ppm or less. More preferably, it is 1000 ppm or less.
- the amount of the protic compound in the reaction system exceeds 3000 ppm, the high molecular weight polymer (A) cannot be obtained. In some cases, the apparent polymerization stops, and there is a possibility that no polymer can be obtained.
- the temperature at which the above cationic polymerizable monomer is polymerized is not particularly limited, but is preferably ⁇ 10 to 100 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature is preferably adjusted to 10 to 60 ° C. by heating or cooling. Since the molecular weight distribution of the resulting polymer (A) is narrowed by polymerization so that the temperature of the polymerization solution in the reaction vessel becomes substantially constant during the polymerization, it is preferable to adjust the polymerization temperature as much as possible.
- the polymerization temperature is less than ⁇ 10 ° C., temperature adjustment may be very difficult industrially, or handling may be difficult due to solidification or increased viscosity.
- polymerization temperature exceeds 100 degreeC, the molecular weight of the polymer (A) obtained may become low.
- the reaction pressure may be any of reduced pressure, normal pressure and increased pressure, but is usually carried out at normal pressure.
- the polymerization method is not particularly limited and can be carried out in a batch, semi-batch, or continuous method, but a batch method is preferred.
- the monomer and the catalyst may be charged all at once into the reaction apparatus, or a part or the whole may be charged by a method such as dividing or dropping.
- the polymerization catalyst is preferably added dropwise.
- the reaction may be stopped by adding a protic compound such as water or alcohol; an organic base such as ammonia or amine; or an inorganic base such as NaOH or KOH as necessary.
- a protic compound such as water or alcohol
- an organic base such as ammonia or amine
- an inorganic base such as NaOH or KOH as necessary.
- nitrogen / air mixed gas is preferable, particularly preferably nitrogen whose oxygen concentration is controlled to 3 to 10% by volume. It is preferable to perform polymerization while blowing the oxygen mixed gas into the gas phase part or the liquid phase part.
- Use of a radical polymerization inhibitor and polymerization in a light-shielding reactor are also effective.
- a conventionally known compound can be appropriately selected as the radical polymerization inhibitor.
- a hindered phenol type inhibitor more preferably at least a phenyl group having a phenolic hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom bonded to one of the carbon atoms adjacent to the carbon atom to which the phenolic hydroxyl group is bonded, and the other Is a compound having a structure in which an alkyl group is bonded to.
- radical polymerization inhibitor for example, the following compounds are suitable. These can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. 2-t-butylhydroquinone, 2-t-amylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-t-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-t-amylhydroquinone, tris (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanate , Tris (3-t-amyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanate, 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, 1,1,3-tris (2 -Ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-amylphenyl) butane, 4.4-butylidene-bis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4-butylidene-bis (3-methyl-6-t) -Amylphenol), tetrakis [methylene-3- (3-tert-
- the amount of the radical polymerization inhibitor used is preferably 1 mass ppm as the lower limit relative to the solid content of the polymer. If it is less than 1 ppm by mass, there is a possibility that the polymerization preventing performance cannot be sufficiently improved. More preferably, it is 5 mass ppm, More preferably, it is 10 mass ppm, More preferably, it is 20 mass ppm, Especially preferably, it is 50 mass ppm, Most preferably, it is 100 mass ppm.
- the upper limit is preferably 10,000 ppm by mass. If it exceeds 10,000 mass ppm, the curability may be lowered. More preferably, it is 8,000 mass ppm, More preferably, it is 6,000 mass ppm, Most preferably, it is 4,000 mass ppm.
- the polymer (A) obtained in the present invention is preferably maintained in the gas phase part with a nitrogen / air mixed gas, particularly preferably with a nitrogen / oxygen mixed gas controlled to an oxygen concentration of 3 to 10% by volume. Is preferred. Further, storage at a low temperature of 30 ° C. or lower, transfer and storage in a light-shielding container are also effective. Use of the above-mentioned radical polymerization inhibitor is also effective.
- the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) has a radically polymerizable or anionically polymerizable (meth) acryloyl group and a cationically polymerizable vinyl ether group at the same time, the polymerization method should be selected.
- a polymer (A) having a (meth) acryloyl group or a vinyl ether group as a pendant group is obtained.
- the vinyl ether group of the vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) can be combined with the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) and, if necessary, other cationic polymerization.
- a polymer (A) having a (meth) acryloyl group as a pendant group is obtained by cationic polymerization together with a monomer.
- the curable resin composition of this invention contains the polymer (A) of this invention as an essential component.
- a co-curable compound (B) such as a polymerizable monomer, an oligomer, or a polymer having another polymerizable group.
- the co-curable compound (B) may be a compound containing at least one functional group having a polymerizable group in the molecule, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, unless the effect of this invention is impaired, the other component may be contained further.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention preferably contains a polymerization initiator in addition to the polymer (A) of the present invention and the co-curable compound (B).
- the curable resin composition can be cured with light such as heat, ultraviolet light, and visible light.
- the total content of the polymer (A) and the co-curable compound (B) is 80% by mass or more, preferably 85% by mass, more preferably 90% by mass or more.
- the total content is less than 80% by mass, the hardness of the cured product may not be obtained or the scratch resistance may be reduced.
- the blending amount of the polymer (A) of the present invention is 100% by mass with respect to the total amount of the curable resin composition, 10% by mass, and preferably 20% with the lower limit. It is 40 mass%, More preferably, it is 40 mass%.
- the blending amount of the polymer (A) is less than 10% by mass, the crosslinking density is lowered, so that the curing rate is lowered and the coating strength of the cured product may be insufficient.
- polymer of the co-curable compound (B) examples include acrylic resins, urethane acrylate resins, epoxy acrylate resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, polystyrene resins, silicon resins, rubber resins, and the like. .
- the polymerizable monomer of the co-curable compound (B) is not particularly limited as long as it can be co-cured with the polymer (A).
- styrene Styrene monomers such as vinyltoluene, 4-t-butylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 4-chlorostyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-chloromethylstyrene, divinylbenzene; diallyl phthalate, diallyl isophthalate, Allyl ester monomers such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl ( (Meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, 1-ad
- the blending amount of the polymerizable monomer is preferably 0 to 70% by mass, more preferably 0 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the curable resin composition.
- the compounding amount of the polymerizable monomer exceeds 70% by mass, curing shrinkage increases, and internal distortion and warpage of the cured product may increase.
- the polymerizable monomer represented by the general formula (1) has a radical polymerizable (meth) acryloyl group, for example, a thermal polymerization initiator that generates a polymerization initiating radical by heating; And a photopolymerization initiator that generates a polymerization initiating radical upon irradiation with ultraviolet rays or visible light.
- a thermal polymerization initiator that generates a polymerization initiating radical by heating
- a photopolymerization initiator that generates a polymerization initiating radical upon irradiation with ultraviolet rays or visible light.
- These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It is also preferable to further add a thermal polymerization accelerator, a photosensitizer, a photopolymerization accelerator and the like.
- thermal polymerization initiator examples include methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, cumene hydroperoxide, benzoyl peroxide, bis (4-t-butyl).
- Organic peroxide initiators such as hexanoate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxybenzoate; 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azo (2,4-dimethyl-4-methoxyvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methyl-N-phenylpropionamidine) Hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [N- (4-chlorophenyl) -2-methylpropionamidine)] dihydroch
- thermal polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- radicals can be efficiently generated by the catalytic action of metal soaps such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butylperoxybenzoate, benzoyl peroxide, and / or amine compounds.
- metal soaps such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butylperoxybenzoate, benzoyl peroxide, and / or amine compounds.
- Preferred compounds are 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile and 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile).
- photopolymerization initiator examples include diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethyl ketal, 4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl- (2-hydroxy-2 -Propyl) ketone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholino Acetophenones such as phenyl) butanone and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- [4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl] propanone oligomers; benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether Benzo etc.
- Benzophenone methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4′-methyl-diphenyl sulfide, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-tetra (t-butylperoxycarbonyl) benzophenone, 2 , 4,6-Trimethylbenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-N, N-dimethyl-N- [2- (1-oxo-2-propenyloxy) ethyl] benzenemethananium bromide, (4-benzoylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride
- Benzophenones such as 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 4-isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, 1-chloro-4-propoxythioxanthone, 2- (3-dimethylamino-2-hydroxy) -3,4 Thiox
- photopolymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- acetophenones, benzophenones, and acylphosphine oxides are preferable, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 2-methyl 2-morpholino (4- Thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one is particularly preferred.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.05 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, and still more preferably 0.2 to 10% with respect to the total amount of the curable resin composition. % By mass.
- a composition may not fully harden
- the blending amount of the polymerization initiator exceeds 20% by mass, the physical properties of the cured product will not be further improved, rather adversely affected and the economy may be impaired.
- thermal polymerization initiator When a thermal polymerization initiator is used as the polymerization initiator, the thermal polymerization can accelerate the decomposition of the thermal polymerization initiator and effectively generate radicals in order to lower the decomposition temperature of the thermal polymerization initiator.
- An agent can be used.
- the thermal polymerization accelerator include metal soaps such as cobalt, copper, tin, zinc, manganese, iron, zirconium, chromium, vanadium, calcium, potassium, etc., primary, secondary, tertiary amine compounds, quaternary ammonium. Examples thereof include salts, thiourea compounds, and ketone compounds. These thermal polymerization accelerators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- cobalt octylate, cobalt naphthenate, copper octylate, copper naphthenate, manganese octylate, manganese naphthenate, dimethylaniline, trietalamine, triethylbenzylammonium chloride, di (2-hydroxy) Ethyl) p-toluidine, ethylenethiourea, acetylacetone, methyl acetoacetate are preferred.
- the blending amount of the thermal polymerization accelerator is preferably 0.001 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass or more, further preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the curable resin composition. It is in the range of 5% by mass. When the blending amount of the thermal polymerization accelerator is within such a range, it is preferable from the viewpoints of curability of the composition, physical properties of the cured product, and economical efficiency.
- the photosensitizer which can be used can be used.
- examples of the photosensitizer include 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, and 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone. These photosensitizers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the photosensitizer is preferably 0.05 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, and still more preferably 0.2 to 10% with respect to the total amount of the curable resin composition. It is in the range of mass%. If the compounding quantity of a photosensitizer is in such a range, it is preferable at the point of sclerosis
- a photopolymerization accelerator capable of promoting the decomposition of the photopolymerization initiator and effectively generating radicals can be used.
- the photopolymerization accelerator include triethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, methyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, isoamyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, and 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid.
- Examples include -2-n-butoxyethyl, 2-dimethylaminoethyl benzoate, N, N-dimethylparatoluidine, 4,4′-dimethylaminobenzophenone, 4,4′-diethylaminobenzophenone, and the like.
- These photopolymerization accelerators may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these photopolymerization accelerators, triethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, and triisopropanolamine are preferable.
- the blending amount of the photopolymerization accelerator is preferably 0.05 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15% by mass, and further preferably 0.2 to 10% with respect to the total amount of the curable resin composition. It is in the range of mass%. When the blending amount of the photopolymerization accelerator is within such a range, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the curability of the composition, the physical properties of the cured product, and the economical efficiency.
- the total amount of the blending amount is preferably relative to the total amount of the composition. Is in the range of 0.05 to 20 mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15 mass%, and still more preferably 0.2 to 10 mass.
- the total amount of the combination blending amount of the polymerization initiator and the like is within such a range, it is preferable in terms of the curability of the composition, the physical properties of the cured product, and the economical efficiency.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention preferably contains no solvent other than the polymerizable monomer, but may be added if necessary.
- the solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and chlorobenzene; aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane and heptane; halogenated carbonization such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and ethylene dichloride.
- Nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitrobenzene; ethers such as diethyl ether, methyl t-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate and amyl acetate; dimethylformamide; methanol Alcohols such as ethanol and propanol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; and the like can be used.
- ethers such as diethyl ether, methyl t-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane
- esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate and amyl acetate
- dimethylformamide methanol Alcohols such as ethanol and propanol
- ketones such as
- the curable resin composition of the present invention may contain fine particles made of a metal oxide in addition to the polymer (A) of the present invention.
- fine particles made of a metal oxide the hardness of the coating film after curing is improved, and there is an effect that it is less likely to be damaged.
- the metal oxide constituting the fine particles contains at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Zr, Zn, Sn, In, La, and Y.
- the metal oxide constituting the fine particles may be a single oxide containing these elements or a complex oxide containing these elements.
- Specific examples of the metal oxide constituting the fine particles include, for example, SiO, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , ZnO, SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , SiO 2 —Al.
- Examples thereof include 2 O 3 , SiO 2 —Zr 2 O 3 , SiO 2 —Ti 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 —ZrO 2 , and TiO 2 —ZrO 2 .
- the fine particles comprising these metal oxides may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these fine particles made of a metal oxide, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , and ZnO 2 are preferable.
- the average particle diameter of the fine particles made of metal oxide is preferably 1 to 100 nm, more preferably 1 to 20 nm. If the average particle diameter of the fine particles exceeds 100 nm, the transparency of the cured product may be impaired.
- the average particle diameter of fine particles means the volume average particle diameter calculated
- the blending amount of the metal oxide fine particles is preferably 0 to 5% by mass, more preferably 1 to 3% by mass, based on the total amount of the curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention further includes, as necessary, a non-reactive resin (for example, acrylic resin, urethane acrylate resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, etc.) , Color pigments, plasticizers, polymerization inhibitors, light stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, matting agents, dyes, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, antistatic agents, dispersants, slip agents, surface modification An agent, thixotropic agent, thixotropic agent and the like can be added.
- a non-reactive resin for example, acrylic resin, urethane acrylate resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, etc.
- Color pigments for example, acrylic resin, urethane acrylate resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, etc.
- Color pigments for example,
- the compounding amount of the additive may be set as appropriate according to the type and purpose of use of the additive, the use and usage of the composition, and is not particularly limited.
- non-reactive resins for example, non-reactive resins, color pigments, plasticizers, polymerization inhibitors, UV absorbers, antioxidants, matting agents, dyes, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, antistatic agents, dispersants, slip agents, surface modification Quality agents, water repellents, oil repellents, thixotropic agents, thixotropic aids, and the like.
- the blending amount is preferably 0 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention comprises the polymer (A) of the present invention, the co-curable compound (B), and the initiation of polymerization. It can be obtained by blending, mixing and stirring various additives such as an agent, a thermal polymerization accelerator, a photosensitizer, a photopolymerization accelerator, a solvent, and metal oxide fine particles.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention is irradiated with an electron beam.
- the thermal polymerization initiator is blended, the photopolymerization initiator is blended by heating. In this case, it can be cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays or visible light.
- the cured product of the present invention is obtained by curing a curable resin composition or a material containing the composition.
- a curable resin composition or a material containing the composition.
- infrared rays, far infrared rays, hot air, high frequency heating or the like may be used.
- the heating temperature may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of substrate and the like, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 80 to 200 ° C, more preferably 90 to 180 ° C, and still more preferably 100 to 170 ° C. Within range.
- the heating time may be appropriately adjusted according to the application area and the like, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 minute to 24 hours, more preferably 10 minutes to 12 hours, and further preferably 30 minutes to 6 hours. Is within the range.
- a light source including light within a wavelength range of 150 to 450 nm may be used.
- light sources include sunlight, low-pressure mercury lamp, high-pressure mercury lamp, ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, metal halide lamp, gallium lamp, xenon lamp, xenon flash lamp, and carbon arc lamp.
- the cumulative amount of irradiation is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 J / cm 2 , more preferably 0.15 to 8 J / cm 2 , and still more preferably 0.2 to 5 J / cm 2 .
- an electron beam having an acceleration voltage of preferably 10 to 500 kV, more preferably 20 to 300 kV, and still more preferably 30 to 200 kV may be used.
- the irradiation dose is preferably in the range of 2 to 500 kGy, more preferably 3 to 300 kGy, and still more preferably 4 to 200 kGy.
- the upper limit of the coating amount is preferably 1,000 g / m 2 , more preferably 700 g / m 2 , and the lower limit is preferably 0.2 g / m 2 , more preferably 0.5 g / m 2 .
- the upper limit of the coating thickness is preferably 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 200 ⁇ m, and the lower limit is preferably 1 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- a simultaneous molding method using a decorative film containing the curable resin composition there is a simultaneous molding method using a decorative film containing the curable resin composition.
- This method is a resin molding in which a decorative film composed of at least a film and a decorative layer is placed in a mold for injection molding, and after closing the mold, a molding resin is injected into a cavity and the molding resin is solidified.
- a decorative sheet is obtained by integrally bonding a decorative sheet to the surface of the product.
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PMMA polyacrylate
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PS polystyrene
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT Polybutylene terephthalate
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- AS acrylonitrile styrene
- ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- COP polycarbonate
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PAI polyamideimide
- PI polyimide
- PEI polyetheramide
- nylon NY
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- polyester Thermoplastic resins disclosed in vinylidene chloride, epoxy resin, urethane resin, silicone resin, Japanese Patent No. 20151562, Japanese Patent No.
- Resin moldings and films such as: Coated paper such as polyethylene coated paper and polyethylene terephthalate coated paper, paper such as uncoated paper; wood; glass; stainless steel, iron, aluminum, copper, zinc, galvanized steel, titanium, tin Metals such as chrome molybdenum steel and alloys; concrete, ceramics, FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), metal / glass / polymer fiber materials, and the like.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- COP cycloolefin polymer
- PC polycarbonate
- heat-resistant acrylic are preferable.
- the laminate includes an antistatic layer, an adhesive layer, an adhesive layer, an easy adhesion layer, a strain relaxation layer, an antiglare layer (non-glare) layer, a photocatalytic layer and other antifouling layers, and an antireflection layer.
- Various functional coating layers such as decorative layer, conductive layer, water repellent layer, oil repellent layer, release layer, adhesion layer, high refractive index layer, low refractive index layer, gas barrier layer, etc. Or you may.
- the lamination order of the cured film layer which uses the curable resin composition of this invention and each layer is not specifically limited, A lamination method is not specifically limited, either.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention includes a cross-linking material, a hard coat material, an adhesive, an adhesive material, a dental material, an optical member, an optical fiber application, an information recording material, various resist materials (colored resist, photo spacer, etching resist, solder) Resist, etc.), binder for baking paste, solid electrolyte, insulator, sealing material, printing ink, paint, powder paint, casting material, decorative board, WPC (Wood Plastic Combination), coating material, lining material, civil engineering and construction Various materials such as materials, putty, repair materials, floor materials, overcoats, undercoats, primers, hand lay-ups, spray-ups, pultrusion, molding materials such as SMC (Sheet Molding Compound) and BMC (Bulk Molding Compound) Can be applied to optical recording media, plastic film, OA equipment, mobile phones and other communication equipment, household appliances, automobiles Interior / exterior parts for furniture, exterior parts for furniture, plastic lenses, cosmetic containers, beverage containers, displays such as
- the cured product obtained by curing the curable resin composition of the present invention is particularly excellent in scratch resistance and hardness, and particularly excellent in adhesion to a substrate made of plastic, metal, etc.
- the composition is more suitably used as a coating agent for optical recording media, a coating agent for films, a coating agent for plastic molded articles, and a primer agent.
- the curable resin composition of the present invention is more preferably used for a coating agent for an optical recording medium, and particularly preferably for a coating agent for a transparent cover layer of a Blu-ray disc and a coating agent for a transparent hard coat layer.
- ⁇ Number average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution> The number average molecular weight (Mn) and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the polymer of this example were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in terms of standard polystyrene. The measurement conditions were as follows. Mobile phase: THF, temperature: 40 ° C., flow rate: 0.3 mL / min; Column: TSK-gel SuperHM-H 2 TSK-gel SuperH2000 1 (both manufactured by Tosoh Corporation); Measuring instrument: HLC-8220GPC (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- Example 1 80 g of ethyl acetate was added to a four-necked flask equipped with a stir bar, thermometer, dropping line, and nitrogen / air mixed gas introduction tube, and the temperature was raised to 40 ° C. After raising the temperature, a mixture of 128 g of 2- (2-vinyloxyethoxy) ethyl acrylate (VEEA) and 72 g of 2,3-dihydrofuran (DHF), and a mixed solution of 13 g of ethyl acetate and 13 mg of phosphotungstic acid were added over 2 hours. The solution was dropped to carry out polymerization. After completion of the polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding triethylamine.
- VEEA 2- (2-vinyloxyethoxy) ethyl acrylate
- DHF 2,3-dihydrofuran
- a polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) as a polymer (A) was obtained.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.1% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) was 9840, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 1.97.
- Example 2 80 g of ethyl acetate was added to a four-necked flask equipped with a stir bar, thermometer, dropping line, and nitrogen / air mixed gas introduction tube, and the temperature was raised to 20 ° C. After raising the temperature, a mixture of 81 g of VEEA, 109 g of cyclohexyl vinyl ether (CHVE) and 10 g of DHF, and a mixed solution of 13 g of ethyl acetate and 13 mg of phosphotungstic acid were added dropwise over 2 hours for polymerization. After completion of the polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding triethylamine.
- a polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE / DHF) -1) was obtained.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.1% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE / DHF) -1) was 8,060, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 1.66.
- Example 3 80 g of ethyl acetate was added to a four-necked flask equipped with a stir bar, thermometer, dropping line, and nitrogen / air mixed gas introduction tube, and the temperature was raised to 20 ° C. After the temperature increase, a mixture of 196 g of VEEA and 4 g of DHF and a mixed solution of 13 g of ethyl acetate and 13 mg of phosphotungstic acid were added dropwise over 2 hours to carry out polymerization. After completion of the polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding triethylamine. Subsequently, after concentrating with an evaporator, a polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -2) was obtained.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.0% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -2) was 9,800, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 2.50.
- Example 4 80 g of ethyl acetate was added to a four-necked flask equipped with a stir bar, thermometer, dropping line, and nitrogen / air mixed gas introduction tube, and the temperature was raised to 20 ° C. After raising the temperature, a mixture of 107 g of VEEA and 93 g of DHF and a mixed solution of 13 g of ethyl acetate and 13 mg of phosphotungstic acid were added dropwise over 2 hours to perform polymerization. After completion of the polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding triethylamine. Subsequently, after concentrating with an evaporator, a polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -3) was obtained.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.0% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -3) was 10,420, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 2.06.
- Example 5 80 g of ethyl acetate was added to a four-necked flask equipped with a stir bar, thermometer, dropping line, and nitrogen / air mixed gas introduction tube, and the temperature was raised to 20 ° C. After raising the temperature, a mixture of 88 g of VEEA, 79 g of CHVE, and 33 g of DHF, and a mixed solution of 13 g of ethyl acetate and 13 mg of phosphotungstic acid were added dropwise over 2 hours for polymerization. After completion of the polymerization, the reaction was terminated by adding triethylamine.
- a polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE / DHF) -2) was obtained.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.1% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE / DHF) -2) was 6,360, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 1.69.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.1% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC). Further, the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE) -1) was 2,100, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 2.12.
- the reaction rate of the monomer was found to be 99.1% by analyzing the mixed solution after stopping the reaction by gas chromatography (GC).
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer (P (VEEA) -1) was 2,610, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) was 1.86.
- the polymer (A) of the present invention has a high molecular weight of 6,000 or more by introducing a cyclic ether skeleton derived from the cyclic ether compound (DHF) represented by the general formula (2). It can be seen that it is possible to have various molecular weights by setting the charged mass ratio of the raw materials to a predetermined value. From the above, it was confirmed that the polymer (A) of this example was produced without setting the reaction temperature to a low temperature, and the molecular weight could be easily adjusted according to the purpose.
- a curable resin composition containing each of the polymers of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was applied onto a substrate and cured to obtain a laminate (article) in which the cured product was laminated.
- Examples 6 to 10, Comparative Examples 3 and 4 The methods for evaluating the coatability and curability of the cured products of Examples 6 to 10, Comparative Examples 3 and 4, and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 described below, and the cured product properties of light transmittance, hardness, and warpage are as follows. It is as follows.
- the coating property was determined by visual observation of the coating layer of the curable resin composition at the time of spin coating (before curing) according to the following criteria. ⁇ : Uniformly applied to the entire laminate, and no bubbles or traces are observed. (Triangle
- UV curing was performed using a UV irradiation machine (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) having an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, and the surface curability was evaluated by touch with the irradiation integrated light quantity being changed to 100, 250, 500 mJ / cm 2 .
- a UV irradiation machine manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.
- the surface curability was evaluated by touch with the irradiation integrated light quantity being changed to 100, 250, 500 mJ / cm 2 .
- Tack-free ⁇ Fingerprints attached ⁇ Uncured
- the light transmittance at 400 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer (model UV-3100, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) with a cured product having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m obtained by ultraviolet curing.
- ⁇ Pencil hardness> The surface of the laminate was measured according to JIS-K5400 using a pencil scratch hardness tester (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.). The load was 1,000 g.
- Example 6 82 parts by mass of the polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) obtained in Example 1, 9 parts by mass of tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (trade name “Light Acrylate THF-A”, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), 9 parts by weight of 9-nonanediol diacrylate (trade name “Light acrylate 1.9ND-A”, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), photopolymerization initiator 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (trade name “Irgacure 184”, Ciba Specialty -2 parts by mass of Chemicals Co., Ltd.
- a coating liquid (curable resin composition).
- the film was applied on a polycarbonate (PC) plate having a length and width of 12 cm and a thickness of 1 mm using a spin coater.
- the applied resin layer was UV cured using a UV irradiator (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.) having an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp.
- a UV irradiator manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.
- Examples 7 to 10, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 instead of the polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) used in Example 6, the polymers (P (VEEA / CHVE / DHF) obtained in Examples 2 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were used. -1), polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -2), polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -3), polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE / DHF) -2), polymer (P (VEEA / CHVE) -1) and the polymer (P (VEEA) -1) were used in the same manner as in Example 6 except that Example 7 to Example 10, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 A laminate was obtained. Table 2 shows the results of the above evaluations on the cured products of Examples 7 to 10, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4.
- Comparative Example 5 instead of the polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) used in Example 6, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (trade name “Light Acrylate DPE-6A”, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. In the same manner as in Example 6, a laminate of Comparative Example 5 was obtained. Table 2 shows the results of the above evaluation for the cured product of Comparative Example 5.
- Example 6 Except that the polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) used in Example 6 was used, urethane acrylate resin (trade name “NK Oligo U-15HA”, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. In the same manner as in Example 6, a laminate of Comparative Example 6 was obtained. Table 2 shows the results of the above evaluation for the cured product of Comparative Example 6.
- a curable resin composition containing a polymer obtained by polymerizing a vinyl monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) Examples obtained by using the laminates of Examples 6, 8 and 9, and further using a curable resin composition containing a polymer obtained by polymerizing other cationically polymerizable monomers. It turns out that the laminated body of Example 7 and 10 is excellent in coating property, sclerosis
- the conventional laminates of Comparative Examples 5 and 6 obtained using a curable resin composition containing an acrylate oligomer are inferior in coating properties and warpage suppressing properties, and in Comparative Examples 5 and Comparative Examples. It turns out that the laminated body of 6 is inferior in curability.
- the laminates of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 obtained using a curable resin composition containing a polymer that does not have the cyclic ether compound represented by the general formula (2) as a copolymerization component have curability. It turns out that it is inferior.
- a curable resin composition containing the polymer of Example 1 (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) and the following polymer (PMMA) was applied on a substrate and cured to obtain a primer.
- a layer was formed, and a resin composition for a topcoat layer was applied onto the primer layer and cured to form a topcoat layer, thereby producing a laminate (article) (Example 11 and Comparative Example 7). .
- the evaluation method of the adhesion of this laminate is as follows. ⁇ Adhesion> In accordance with JIS K5600-5-6, 100 squares of 1 mm ⁇ 1 mm grids were prepared on the cured product layer with a cutter knife, and cellophane adhesive tape (Nichiban cello tape (registered trademark)) was pressure-bonded. . The visual appearance after peeling was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : No peeling was observed in 100 squares after peeling. X: Peeling was observed in some squares.
- Example 11 23 parts by mass of the polymer (P (VEEA / DHF) -1) obtained in Example 1, 77 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, phosphate ester (trade name “Light Ester P-1M”, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1 Parts by weight, polymerization initiator (trade name “Nyper FF”, manufactured by NOF Corporation), 6 parts by weight, curing accelerator (N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine), 1 part by weight, paraffin wax 140 (Nippon Seiki Co., Ltd.) A coating solution (curable resin composition) was prepared by mixing and stirring 0.1 parts by mass of the product.
- a surface sandblasted product (manufactured by Nippon Test Panel Co., Ltd.) of steel plate SS400 (JISG3101) is degreased with acetone, and the curable resin composition is applied so that the coating liquid has an adhesion amount of 0.1 kg / m 2 on the steel plate.
- coated with the roller and the resin layer (primer layer) was left and hardened.
- the coating liquid and the steel sheet were adjusted to 5 ° C., cured at 5 ° C., and the degree of curing / drying of the resin layer was touched with a finger. Confirmed and measured the time to dry. As a result, the time until drying was 10 minutes, and it was evaluated that it had quick drying properties.
- the resin composition for the topcoat layer previously prepared was applied to the surface of the resin layer of the steel plate / resin layer obtained by drying.
- the top coat layer was UV-cured using a UV irradiation machine (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.).
- the irradiation integrated light amount was 500 mJ / cm 2 , and the thickness of the top coat layer after curing was 5 ⁇ m.
- PMMA syrup for comparative example having a solid content concentration of 46% was obtained.
- the obtained polymer (PMMA) had an average molecular weight of 15,300 and a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of 1.70.
- phosphoric acid ester trade name “Light Ester P-1M”, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.
- polymerization initiator trade name “Nyper FF”, NOF Corporation Comparative Example by mixing and stirring 6 parts by mass
- the time until drying was measured and found to be 90 minutes, and it took a long time to dry as compared with Example 11.
- the resin composition for the topcoat layer prepared previously was applied to the surface of the resin layer of the steel plate / comparative resin layer obtained by drying.
- the top coat layer was UV-cured using a UV irradiation machine (manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.).
- the irradiation integrated light amount was 500 mJ / cm 2 , and the thickness of the top coat layer after curing was 5 ⁇ m.
- Table 3 shows the results of the quick drying and adhesion evaluation.
- the polymer (A) of this example is contained in the curable resin composition, applied to a metal base material, cured to form a primer layer, and a top coat layer is further formed on the primer layer.
- these cured products were confirmed to have good adhesion to the substrate.
- the curable resin composition of a present Example has favorable quick-drying property compared with the conventional primer resin composition.
- the polymer of the present invention contains a radically polymerizable unsaturated group in the side chain, the molecular weight can be adjusted according to the purpose, and the curable resin composition of the present invention containing the polymer of the present invention is a resin. Since it has a low viscosity and is easy to handle, has excellent adhesion to the substrate, is hard to damage the cured coating film, has a low curing shrinkage rate, and has a high transparency, it can provide a transparent cured article layer such as an optical recording medium. It can be said that it is extremely useful for forming a cover layer, a primer layer and an intermediate layer, or for bonding.
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Abstract
Description
(2)イソシアナート基を有する不飽和化合物を用い、ウレタン化反応により不飽和基を導入する方法、
(3)カルボン酸と水酸基又はアミン基のエステル化反応、又はアミド化反応により不飽和基を導入する方法
等が挙げられる。
前記カチオン重合は、反応温度を調整したり、アルコール等を連鎖移動剤として用いたりすることで分子量を調整することができる。しかし、分子量が数千以上である高分子量体は重合が困難であり、例えば-10℃以下の低温で重合したり、特殊な開始剤を用いたりしなければならず、大量生産には不向きであった。
本発明者らは鋭意検討の結果、側鎖にラジカル重合可能な二重結合を有する(メタ)アクリロイル基ペンダント型重合体に、共重合成分として環状エーテル骨格を導入することにより、比較的高い反応温度(例えば40℃)でも高分子量の重合体を得ることができ、共重合成分の質量比を特定の範囲に設定することによって、目的に応じた分子設計ができ、前記課題を一気に解決することができることを見出した。さらに、前記重合体を含有し、例えばプラスチック等の基材に塗布、硬化させて積層した場合に、良好な低反り性、耐擦傷性、密着性を有する硬化物が得られる硬化性樹脂組成物、該硬化物、及び該硬化物を積層してなる物品が得られることを見出して、本発明を完成した。
また、本発明により得られた重合体を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物によれば、プラスチック製等の基材、又は該基材上の塗膜上に塗工して硬化させた場合に、形成された塗膜の表面硬度が高く、傷つきにくく、積層体の反り及びカール、塗膜ひび割れ及び剥がれ等が生じにくく、かつプラスチック製等の基材、又は塗膜との密着性に優れ、良好な光線透過性を有する硬化物、並びに該硬化物を積層してなる物品が得られる。
(1)重合体(A)
本発明の重合体(ビニル系重合体)(A)は、少なくとも下記一般式(1)で表されるビニル系単量体と、下記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物とを重合して得られる。
前記一般式(1)において、R1 で表される炭素数2~8のアルキレン基としては、例えば、エチレン基、トリメチレン基、プロピレン基、テトラメチレン基、ペンタメチレン基、ヘキサメチレン基、ヘプタメチレン基、オクタメチレン基、シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-ジメチルシクロヘキサン-α,α’-ジイル基、1,3-ジメチルシクロヘキサン-α,α’-ジイル基、1,2-ジメチルシクロヘキサン-α,α’-ジイル基、1,4-ジメチルフェニル-α,α’-ジイル基、1,3-ジメチルフェニル-α,α’-ジイル基、1,2-ジメチルフェニル-α,α’-ジイル基等が挙げられる。R1 で表される置換基は、前記一般式(1)中にm個存在するが、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
これらのビニル系単量体のうち、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ビニロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸3-ビニロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ビニロキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸1-メチル-2-ビニロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸4-ビニロキシブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸6-ビニロキシヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸4-ビニロキシシクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸4-ビニロキシメチルシクロヘキシルメチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-(2-ビニロキシエトキシ)エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-(2-ビニロキシイソプロポキシ)プロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-{2-(2-ビニロキシエトキシ)エトキシ}エチルが好適である。
前記一般式(2)において、nは1~5の整数、好ましくは1~3の整数、より好ましくは1である。
一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物(含酸素単環系単量体)の具体例としては、2,3-ジヒドロフラン、2,3-ジヒドロピラン等が挙げられる。これらのうち、2,3-ジヒドロフランが好ましい。
本発明の重合体(A)は、必要に応じ、前記一般式(1)で表されるビニル系単量体、及び前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物の他に、以下のカチオン重合可能な単量体を共重合成分として重合させて得られる。
これらのカチオン重合可能な単量体のうち、イソブチルビニルエーテル、シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル化合物が好適である。
本発明の重合体(A)は、上述したように、少なくとも前記一般式(1)で表されるビニル系単量体と、前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物とを重合して得られる。
前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物は、上限が、好ましくは98質量%、より好ましくは50質量%、さらに好ましくは47質量%であり、下限が、好ましくは0.5質量%、より好ましくは1質量%である。
その他のカチオン重合可能な単量体は、上限が、好ましくは90質量%、より好ましくは80質量%、さらに好ましくは70質量%、特に好ましくは60質量%であり、下限が、好ましくは5質量%、より好ましくは10質量%、さらに好ましくは15質量%である。
本発明の重合体(A)の数平均分子量(Mn)は、上限が好ましくは500,000、より好ましくは100,000、さらに好ましくは50,000であり、下限が好ましくは4,000、より好ましくは5,000、さらに好ましくは5,500、特に好ましくは6,000である。
重合体(A)の数平均分子量(Mn)が4,000未満である場合、硬化速度の低下、硬化物の強度低下、及び耐折り曲げ性の低下が生じることがある。また、数平均分子量(Mn)が500,000を超える場合、基材との濡れ性が低下したり、硬化性樹脂組成物を調整する際の混合時間が長くなったり、粘度が高くなり、例えば塗工性等の取り扱い性が低下することがある。
詳細なメカニズムは不明であるが、本発明の重合体(A)は、前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物に由来する環状エーテル骨格を導入することで、重合中の活性カチオン種が安定化し、比較的高い温度(例えば40℃)で反応させても高分子量を有することが可能である。
本発明の重合体(A)の製造条件としては、重合触媒、共触媒、重合溶媒、重合温度、重合濃度等の各種の反応条件を適宜選択することができ、重合触媒はカチオン重合に採用可能な従来公知の重合触媒が使用できる。
共触媒として、具体的には、水;メタノール、エタノール、フェノール等の水酸基含有化合物等が挙げられる。
また、反応圧力は、減圧、常圧及び加圧のいずれでもよいが、通常は常圧で実施する。
2-t-ブチルハイドロキノン、2-t-アミルハイドロキノン、2,5-ジ-t-ブチルハイドロキノン、2,5-ジ-t-アミルハイドロキノン、トリス(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)イソシアネート、トリス(3-t-アミル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)イソシアネート、1,1,3-トリス(2-メチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-t-ブチルフェニル)ブタン、1,1,3-トリス(2-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-t-アミルフェニル)ブタン、4.4-ブチリデン-ビス(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4-ブチリデン-ビス(3-メチル-6-t-アミルフェノール)、テトラキス[メチレン-3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン、トリエチレングリコールビス[3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、3,9-ビス[1,1-ジ-メチル-2-{β-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピノニルオキシ}エチル]-2,4,8,10-テトラオキサスピロ[5,5]ウンデカン、1,3,5-トリメチル-2,4,6-トリス(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)ベンゼン、N,N′-ビス[3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニル]ヘキサメチレンジアミン、3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジルホスフェートジエチルエステル、ジ(2-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト、トリス(2-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ホスファイト、2,2′-オキサミドビス[エチル-3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]等が好ましく用いることができる。
より好ましくは、2,5-ジ-t-ブチルハイドロキノン、2,5-ジ-t-アミルハイドロキノン、トリス(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)イソシアネート、トリス(3-t-アミル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)イソシアネ-ト、1,1,3-トリス(2-メチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-t-ブチルフェニル)ブタン、1,1,3-トリス(2-エチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-t-アミルフェニル)ブタン、4,4-ブチリデン-ビス(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4-ブチリデン-ビス(3-メチル-6-t-アミルフェノール)、1,3,5-トリメチル-2,4,6-トリス(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)ベンゼン等である。
本発明においては、前記一般式(1)で表されるビニル系単量体のビニルエーテル基を、前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物と、必要に応じ、その他の前記カチオン重合可能な単量体と共に、カチオン重合させることにより、(メタ)アクリルロイル基をペンダント基として有する重合体(A)が得られる。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、本発明の重合体(A)を必須成分として含有する。重合体(A)に加え、例えば重合性単量体、オリゴマー、又は他の重合性基を有する重合体等の共硬化可能な化合物(B)を含有することが好ましい。共硬化可能な化合物(B)は重合性基を有する官能基を分子内に1個以上含む化合物であればよく、1種で用いてもよく、2種以上で用いてもよい。
なお、本発明の作用効果を損なわない限り、他の成分をさらに含有していてもよい。
これらの熱重合開始剤のうち、メチルエチルケトンペルオキシド、シクロヘキサノンペルオキシド、クメンヒドロペルオキシド、t-ブチルペルオキシベンゾエート、ベンゾイルペルオキシド等の金属石鹸及び/又はアミン化合物等の触媒作用により効率的にラジカルを発生させることができる化合物や2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)が好適である。
これらの光重合開始剤のうち、アセトフェノン類、ベンゾフェノン類、アシルホスフィンオキシド類が好適であり、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン、2-メチル2-モルホリノ(4-チオメチルフェニル)プロパン-1-オンが特に好適である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、本発明の重合体(A)、共硬化可能な化合物(B)、重合開始剤、熱重合促進剤、光増感剤、光重合促進剤、溶媒、及び金属酸化物微粒子等の各種の添加物等を配合し、混合・攪拌することにより得ることができる。
例えば、加熱による硬化の場合、赤外線、遠赤外線、熱風、高周波加熱等を用いればよい。加熱温度は、基材の種類等に応じて適宜調節すればよく、特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは80~200℃、より好ましくは90~180℃、さらに好ましくは100~170℃の範囲内である。加熱時間は、塗布面積等に応じて適宜調節すればよく、特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは1分間~24時間、より好ましくは10分間~12時間、さらに好ましくは30分間~6時間の範囲内である。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、さらに好適には光記録媒体用コート剤に用いられ、特に好適にはブルーレイディスクの透明カバー層用コート剤、及び透明ハードコート層用コート剤に用いられる。
本実施例の重合体の数平均分子量(Mn)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)により、標準ポリスチレン換算で求めた。測定条件は、以下の通りであった。
移動相:THF、温度:40℃、流速:0.3mL/min;
カラム:TSK-gel SuperHM-H 2本
TSK-gel SuperH2000 1本(いずれも東ソー株式会社製);計測機器:HLC-8220GPC(東ソー株式会社製)。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、40℃まで昇温した。昇温後、2-(2-ビニロキシエトキシ)エチルアクリレート(VEEA)128gと2,3-ジヒドロフラン(DHF)72gの混合物、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(A)としての重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.1%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)の数平均分子量(Mn)は9840、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は1.97であった。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、20℃まで昇温した。昇温後、VEEA81gとシクロヘキシルビニルエーテル(CHVE)109gとDHF10gの混合物、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE/DHF)-1)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.1%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE/DHF)-1)の数平均分子量(Mn)は8,060、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は1.66であった。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、20℃まで昇温した。昇温後、VEEA196gとDHF4gの混合物、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-2)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.0%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-2)の数平均分子量(Mn)は9,800、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は2.50であった。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、20℃まで昇温した。昇温後、VEEA107gとDHF93gの混合物、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-3)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.0%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-3)の数平均分子量(Mn)は10,420、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は2.06であった。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、20℃まで昇温した。昇温後、VEEA88gとCHVE79gとDHF33gの混合物、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE/DHF)-2)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.1%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE/DHF)-2)の数平均分子量(Mn)は6,360、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は1.69であった。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、40℃まで昇温した。昇温後、VEEA99gとCHVE101gの混合物、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE)-1)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.1%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE)-1)の数平均分子量(Mn)は2,100、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は2.12であった。
攪拌棒、温度計、滴下ライン、窒素/空気混合ガス導入管を取り付けた4つ口フラスコに酢酸エチル80gを加え、20℃まで昇温した。昇温後、VEEA200g、酢酸エチル13gとリンタングステン酸13mgの混合溶解物をそれぞれ2時間かけて滴下し重合を行った。重合終了後はトリエチルアミンを加えて反応を終了した。
次いで、エバポレーターで濃縮した後、重合体(P(VEEA)-1)を得た。単量体の反応率は、反応停止後の混合液をガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)で分析することにより、99.1%であることが判明した。また、得られた重合体(P(VEEA)-1)の数平均分子量(Mn)は2,610、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は1.86であった。
表1より、本発明の重合体(A)は、前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物(DHF)に由来する環状エーテル骨格が導入されることで、6,000以上の高分子量を有しており、前記原料の仕込み質量比を所定値に設定することで、種々の分子量を有することが可能であることが分かる。
以上より、本実施例の重合体(A)は、反応温度を低温に設定することなく製造され、容易に目的に応じた分子量の調整が可能であることが確認された。
塗工性はスピンコート時(硬化前)の硬化性樹脂組成物の塗布層を目視により、以下の基準で判定した。
○:積層体全体に均一に塗布され、気泡や流痕がみられない。
△:積層体のごく一部に流痕が認められる。
×:積層体に多数の流痕や気泡が認められる。
超高圧水銀ランプを有するUV照射機(アイグラフィックス株式会社製)を用いて紫外線硬化させ、照射積算光量100、250、500mJ/cm2 に変えて表面硬化性を指触で評価した。
○ タックフリー
△ 指紋がつく
× 未硬化
紫外線硬化させて得られた厚さ100μmの硬化物で400nmにおける光線透過率を分光光度計(型式UV-3100、株式会社島津製作所製)を用いて測定した。
積層体の表面に対して、鉛筆引っかき硬度試験機(株式会社安田精機製作所製)を用いて、JIS-K5400に準拠して測定した。なお、荷重は1,000gであった。
12cm×12cmの積層体を、温度25℃の条件下で水平台に硬化物層を上面側に置いた後、四隅の水平台からの浮き高さの平均値を測定し、以下の基準で評価した。
○:1mm未満
×:1mm以上
実施例1で得られた重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)82質量部、テトラヒドロフルフリルアクリレート(商品名「ライトアクリレートTHF-A」、共栄社化学株式会社製)9質量部、1,9-ノナンジオールジアクリレート(商品名「ライトアクリレート1.9ND-A」、共栄社化学株式会社製)9質量部、光重合開始剤1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン(商品名「イルガキュア184」、チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ株式会社製)2質量部を混合・攪拌して、塗工液(硬化性樹脂組成物)を調製した。
縦横12cm、厚さ1mmのポリカーボネート(PC)板上に、スピンコーターで塗布した。この塗布した樹脂層を、超高圧水銀ランプを有するUV照射機(アイグラフィックス株式会社製)を用いて紫外線硬化させた。
得られた積層体のコート層(硬化物)の厚さを測定したところ、100μmであった。
実施例6の硬化物につき、上述の評価を行った結果を下記の表2に示す。
実施例6で使用した重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)に代えて、実施例2~実施例5、及び比較例1及び2で得られた重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE/DHF)-1)、重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-2)、重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-3)、重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE/DHF)-2)、重合体(P(VEEA/CHVE)-1)、及び重合体(P(VEEA)-1)を使用した以外は、実施例6と同様にして、実施例7~実施例10、比較例3及び比較例4の積層体を得た。
実施例7~実施例10、比較例3及び比較例4の硬化物につき、上述の評価を行った結果を前記表2に示す。
実施例6で使用した重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)に代えて、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(商品名「ライトアクリレートDPE-6A」、共栄社化学株式会社製)を使用した以外は、実施例6と同様にして、比較例5の積層体を得た。
比較例5の硬化物につき、上述の評価を行った結果を前記表2に示す。
実施例6で使用した重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)に代えて、ウレタンアクリレート樹脂(商品名「NKオリゴU-15HA」、新中村化学株式会社製)を使用した以外は、実施例6と同様にして、比較例6の積層体を得た。
比較例6の硬化物につき、上述の評価を行った結果を前記表2に示す。
また、一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物を共重合成分として有しない重合体を含有する硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて得られた比較例3及び4の積層体は、硬化性が劣っていることが分かる。
<密着性>
JIS K5600-5-6に準じ、硬化物層にカッターナイフで1mm×1mmの碁盤目を100マス作成し、セロハン粘着テープ(ニチバン製セロテープ(登録商標))を圧着した後、一気にセロテープを剥離した。剥離後の目視による外観を以下の基準により評価した。
○:剥離した後のマス目において100マスとも剥離が見られない。
×:一部のマス目に剥離が見られた。
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート30質量部、比較例6で用いたウレタンアクリレート35質量部、VEEA30質量部、N-ビニルピロリドン(株式会社日本触媒製)5質量部、光重合開始剤2-メチル-1-[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モルホリノプロパン-1-オン(商品名「イルガキュア907」、チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ株式会社製)5質量部を混合・攪拌してトップコート層用樹脂組成物を調整した。
実施例1で得られた重合体(P(VEEA/DHF)-1)23質量部、メチルメタクリレート77質量部、リン酸エステル(商品名「ライトエステルP-1M」、共栄社化学株式会社製)1質量部、重合開始剤(商品名「ナイパーFF」、日油株式会社製)6質量部、硬化促進剤(N,N-ジメチル-p-トルイジン)1質量部、パラフィンワックス140(日本精鑞株式会社製)0.1質量部を混合・攪拌して塗工液(硬化性樹脂組成物)を調整した。
鋼板SS400(JISG3101)の表面サンドブラスト加工品(日本テストパネル社製)をアセトンで脱脂処理し、鋼板にこの塗工液を0.1kg/m2 の付着量となるように、前記硬化性樹脂組成物をローラーで塗布し、樹脂層(プライマー層)を放置・硬化させた。前記硬化性樹脂組成物の速乾性を評価するために、塗工液、鋼板は5℃に調温したものを用い、硬化を5℃で行い、樹脂層の硬化・乾燥度合いを指で触って確かめて、乾燥するまでの時間を測定した。その結果、乾燥までの時間は10分であり、速乾性を有すると評価された。
この鋼板/硬化物層(樹脂層(プライマー層)+トップコート層)の密着性の評価を上述の方法により行ったところ剥離は見られなかった。
速乾性及び密着性の評価結果を下記の表3に示す。
温度計、冷却管、ガス導入管及び撹拌機を備えた容器に、メチルメタクリレート100質量部を仕込み、反応器内を窒素ガスで置換した。次いで、撹拌しながら80℃に昇温して、アゾイソブチロニトリル0.1質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン(連鎖移動剤)1.4質量部を添加し、3.5時間重合した。反応器内に空気を吹き込むと同時にハイドロキノン0.01質量部を添加して、重合を終了させた。これにより固形分濃度が46%の比較例用PMMAシラップが得られた。得られた重合体(PMMA)の平均分子量は15,300、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は1.70であった。
前記PMMAシラップ50質量部、メチルメタクリレート50質量部、リン酸エステル(商品名「ライトエステルP-1M」、共栄社化学株式会社製)1質量部、重合開始剤(商品名「ナイパーFF」、日油株式会社製)6質量部、硬化促進剤(N,N-ジメチル-p-トルイジン)1質量部、パラフィンワックス140(日本精鑞株式会社製)0.1質量部を混合・攪拌して比較例7の塗工液(硬化性樹脂組成物)を調整した。
実施例11と同様に5℃にて鋼板に塗布し、比較用樹脂層(プライマー層)を放置・硬化させた。乾燥までの時間を測定したところ90分であり、実施例11と比較して乾燥までに長時間を要した。
この乾燥して得られた鋼板/比較用樹脂層の樹脂層表面に先に調整したトップコート層用樹脂組成物を塗工した。次にUV照射機(アイグラフィックス株式会社製)を用いてトップコート層を紫外線硬化させた。照射積算光量は500mJ/cm2 であり、硬化後のトップコート層の厚みは5μmであった。
この鋼板/硬化物層(比較用樹脂層(プライマー層)+トップコート層)の密着性評価を行ったところ剥離は見られなかった。
速乾性及び密着性の評価結果を前記表3に示す。
Claims (6)
- 前記一般式(1)で表されるビニル系単量体を1質量%以上99.9質量%以下と、 前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物を0.1質量%以上99質量%以下と、
その他のカチオン重合可能な単量体を0質量%以上98.9質量%以下と
を重合して得られる請求項1に記載の重合体。 - 前記一般式(1)で表されるビニル系単量体と前記一般式(2)で表される環状エーテル化合物との質量比が50/50以上99.9/0.1以下である請求項1又は2に記載の重合体。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の重合体を含有することを特徴とする硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させてなることを特徴とする硬化物。
- 請求項5に記載の硬化物を積層させてなることを特徴とする物品。
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JP7240509B2 (ja) | 2019-08-27 | 2023-03-15 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 硬化性組成物 |
JP7265018B2 (ja) | 2019-08-27 | 2023-04-25 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 硬化性組成物 |
KR20240028645A (ko) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-03-05 | 아주대학교산학협력단 | 광분해성 고분자 화합물 및 이의 중합 방법 |
KR102678335B1 (ko) | 2022-08-25 | 2024-06-25 | 아주대학교산학협력단 | 광분해성 고분자 화합물 및 이의 중합 방법 |
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JP4418850B2 (ja) | 2010-02-24 |
JPWO2009110503A1 (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
US8399583B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
US20110009586A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
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