WO2009110344A1 - 通気管の消音構造及びケースの消音構造 - Google Patents
通気管の消音構造及びケースの消音構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009110344A1 WO2009110344A1 PCT/JP2009/053198 JP2009053198W WO2009110344A1 WO 2009110344 A1 WO2009110344 A1 WO 2009110344A1 JP 2009053198 W JP2009053198 W JP 2009053198W WO 2009110344 A1 WO2009110344 A1 WO 2009110344A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- silencer
- activated carbon
- vent pipe
- cover
- vent
- Prior art date
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 108
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001743 silencing effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical class [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/24—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using sound-absorbing materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
- F01N1/04—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance having sound-absorbing materials in resonance chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/085—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using a central core throttling gas passage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/0218—Air cleaners acting by absorption or adsorption; trapping or removing vapours or liquids, e.g. originating from fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
- F02M35/1205—Flow throttling or guiding
- F02M35/1216—Flow throttling or guiding by using a plurality of holes, slits, protrusions, perforations, ribs or the like; Surface structures; Turbulence generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
- F02M35/1255—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using resonance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
- F02M35/1272—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification using absorbing, damping, insulating or reflecting materials, e.g. porous foams, fibres, rubbers, fabrics, coatings or membranes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/14—Combined air cleaners and silencers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
- F02M35/1288—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification combined with or integrated into other devices ; Plurality of air intake silencers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silencer structure for a vent pipe and a silencer structure for a case.
- Ventilation pipes for example, ducts, intake pipes, exhaust pipes, etc.
- cases for example, cases for air cleaners
- ventilation pipes are prone to noise, and in particular, internal combustion engines, fuel cells, blowers, etc.
- Large noise is likely to occur in the ventilation pipe and the case provided in the intake system.
- the ventilation pipe and the case provided with the ventilation pipe are usually provided with a silencing structure as a noise countermeasure.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known as conventional techniques related to the sound deadening structure of a vent pipe.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-231881 discloses a silencing structure in which a porous portion is provided inside a vent pipe. In such a muffling structure, it is possible to mute a wide frequency range by the action of the porous portion.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-231882 discloses a silencing structure using a Helmholtz type resonator. In such a silencing structure, it is possible to effectively silence a specific frequency range by the action of the Helmholtz type resonator. Moreover, in such a muffler structure, since the Helmholtz resonator is provided outside the vent pipe, the Helmholtz resonator is less likely to become a barrier to ventilation, and deterioration of the ventilation resistance in the vent pipe can also be prevented. It becomes.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a silencer structure for a vent pipe and a silencer structure for a case.
- the present invention has the following means.
- the present invention relates to a sound deadening structure of a vent pipe, wherein the vent pipe is a primary duct, and a vent hole is provided in a peripheral wall of the primary duct, and the vent hole is provided outside the peripheral wall so as to cover the vent hole.
- a cover is provided, activated carbon is stored in the cover, and a breathable member is interposed between the activated carbon and the peripheral wall.
- the vent hole is provided in a region excluding a bottom portion of the peripheral wall.
- the present invention also provides a sound deadening structure for a case provided with an introduction vent pipe and a lead-out vent pipe, and communicates with the introduction vent pipe or the lead-out vent pipe in the case.
- An inner pipe is provided, a vent hole is provided in the peripheral wall of the inner pipe, a cover is provided outside the peripheral wall so as to cover the vent hole, activated carbon is stored in the cover, A breathable member is interposed between the activated carbon and the peripheral wall.
- the vent hole is provided in a region excluding a bottom portion of the peripheral wall.
- the present invention it is possible to mute a wide frequency range, and it is also possible to prevent the deterioration of the ventilation resistance in the ventilation pipe or the case.
- a test apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a sound level meter 1, a primary side duct 2, a silencer 3, an air cleaner 4, a secondary side duct 5, a rubber hose 6 with a bellows, an intake manifold 7, a four-cylinder gasoline engine 8, and an exhaust pipe 9. I have.
- the sound level meter 1 is provided at 45 degrees with respect to the upstream end portion at a location 100 mm away from the upstream end portion of the primary duct 2.
- the primary duct 2 has a diameter of 56 mm (inner diameter) x 620 mm (length).
- a silencer 3 is attached almost at the center of the primary duct 2.
- 100 vent holes are provided on the peripheral wall of the primary duct 2.
- the silencer 3 has a silencer volume of 0.5L.
- a bag-like body made of a breathable sheet is disposed. In this bag-like body, 300 cc of granular activated carbon (average pore diameter: about 20 cm) is stored.
- the material of the breathable sheet is a non-woven fabric, and specifically has a thickness of about 3 mm and a hole diameter (average pore size) of about 80 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the volume of the air cleaner 4 is 5L.
- the rubber hose 6 with bellows is of ⁇ 70 mm (inner diameter) ⁇ 350 mm (length).
- the volume of the 4-cylinder gasoline engine 8 is 2.3L.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotational speed (RPM) of the four-cylinder gasoline engine 8 and the sound pressure (dB) of noise measured by the sound level meter 1.
- the meaning of each symbol (“A”, “P”, “G”, “S”, and “V”) shown in FIG. 2 is as follows. “A” indicates a test result when the silencer 3 is provided in the primary duct 2. “P” indicates a test result when the silencer is not provided in the primary duct 2 (Comparative Example 1). “G” indicates a test result when a silencer filled with glass wool is provided in the primary duct 2 (Comparative Example 2). “S” indicates a test result when a silencer filled with sponge (50 cells) is provided in the primary duct 2 (Comparative Example 3). “V” indicates a test result when an empty silencer is provided in the primary duct 2 (Comparative Example 4).
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotational speed (RPM) of the 4-cylinder gasoline engine 8 and the noise frequency (Hz) measured by the sound level meter 1.
- FIG. 3A shows the test results when the silencer 3 is provided in the primary duct 2 (with a silencer).
- FIG.3 (b) shows the test result when the silencer is not provided in the primary side duct 2 (there is no silencer).
- the noise frequency (Hz) is greatly increased over a wide range as compared with the case where the silencer is not provided in the primary duct 2. It was reduced. Therefore, according to the present invention, it can be said that it is possible to mute over a wide frequency range. Furthermore, in this invention, the obstruction which becomes ventilation resistance is not provided in the ventilation pipe (in the case of FIG. 1, primary side duct 2). Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the ventilation resistance.
- FIGS. 4 to 8 are diagrams showing the main part of the present invention in Examples 1 to 5, respectively.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the silencer 310 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is a side view of the silencer 310.
- FIG. 4B is a view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- a silencer 310 shown in FIG. 4 includes a vent pipe 11, a cover 12, a bag-like body 13, and activated carbon.
- a vent hole 11 a is provided in the peripheral wall of the vent pipe 11.
- the cover 12 includes a cover 12a and a cover 12b, and a non-breathable material is used as the material.
- the bag-like body 13 is composed of a breathable member (breathable sheet or the like), and for example, a nonwoven fabric, paper, sponge, felt or the like is used as the material.
- the activated carbon 14 granular activated carbon, honeycomb activated carbon, fiber activated carbon, activated carbon-mixed paper, or the like is used.
- the ventilation pipe 11 is attached to the cover 12 so as to be fitted inside the cover 12.
- a bag-like body 13 is disposed in a space formed by the peripheral wall of the ventilation pipe 11 and the inner wall of the cover 12. Activated carbon 14 is accommodated inside the bag-like body 13.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the silencer 320 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the silencer 320.
- FIG. 5B is an exploded perspective view of the silencer 320.
- the silencer 320 shown in FIG. 5 has the same configuration as the silencer 310 shown in FIG. 4, and specifically includes a vent pipe 21, a cover 22, a bag-like body 23, and activated carbon 24.
- a vent hole 21 a is provided in the peripheral wall of the vent pipe 21.
- the cover 22 includes a cover 22a and a cover 22b.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the silencer 330 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the silencer 330.
- FIG. 6B is an exploded perspective view of the silencer 330.
- the silencer 330 shown in FIG. 6 has the same configuration as the silencer 320 shown in FIG. 5, and specifically includes a vent pipe 31, a cover 32, a bag 33, and activated carbon 34.
- the cover 32 includes a cover 32a and a cover 32b.
- the ventilation pipe 31 is attached to the cover 32 so as to pass through the inside of the cover 32.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the silencer 340 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the silencer 340.
- FIG.7 (b) is the figure which looked at the silencer 340 shown to Fig.7 (a) from upper direction.
- FIG. 7C is a BB line arrow view of the silencer 340 shown in FIG. 7B.
- a vent hole 41a is provided in a part of the peripheral wall of the vent pipe 41, and a cover 42 is provided so as to cover the vent hole 41a.
- a bag-like body 43 is disposed in a space formed by the peripheral wall of the vent pipe 41 and the inner wall of the cover 42. Activated carbon 44 is accommodated inside the bag-like body 43.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the silencer 350 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the silencer 350
- FIG. 8B is an exploded perspective view of the silencer 350.
- the silencer 350 shown in FIG. 8 includes a casing 350a, a casing 350b, a bag-like body 53, and activated carbon 54.
- a lid 52a is integrally formed with the casing 350a.
- a ventilation hole 51a is provided in the peripheral wall of the casing 350b, and a storage portion 52b is integrally formed so as to cover the ventilation hole 51a.
- the vent pipe provided with the silencer of Examples 1 to 5 can be silenced over a wide frequency range by the action of activated carbon. Further, in any case, there is no obstacle in the vent pipe that causes ventilation resistance. Therefore, according to these silencers, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the ventilation resistance.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a silencing structure of the case.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram of the case 400 viewed from above
- FIG. 9B is a diagram of the case 400 illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 9C is a view taken along the line DD of the case 400 shown in FIG. 9B.
- a case 400 shown in FIG. 9 is an air cleaner for an internal combustion engine.
- the case 400 includes a casing 400a, a casing 400b, a filter element 400c, and a silencer 410.
- the casing 400a is provided with an introduction vent pipe 401 (specifically, a primary duct) for introducing outside air.
- the casing 400b is provided with a lead-out ventilation pipe (not shown).
- the silencer 410 is provided in the inner pipe 411, and the inner pipe 411 is provided in the case 400 so as to communicate with the vent pipe 401.
- the silencer 410 includes a cover 412, a bag-like body 413, and activated carbon 414.
- a vent hole 411a is provided on the peripheral wall of the inner tube 411, and a cover 412 is provided so as to cover the vent hole 411a.
- a bag-like body 413 containing activated carbon 414 is disposed in a space formed by the peripheral wall of the inner tube 411 and the inner wall of the cover 412.
- the silencer 410 In the case 400 provided with the silencer 410, it is possible to mute a wide frequency range by the action of the activated carbon 414.
- the silencer 410 is provided in the inner tube 411, no obstacle that provides ventilation resistance is provided in the inner tube 411. Therefore, according to the silencer 410, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the ventilation resistance.
- silencers 500, 510, 520, 530, and 540 as shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 are conceivable, and any of these is included in the present invention.
- the silencer 500 shown in FIG. 10 is provided in the vent pipe 503.
- the vent pipe 503 is configured by welding an upper side vent pipe 501 and a lower side vent pipe 502 to each other.
- a housing portion 501a is integrally formed on the upper side of the upper side air pipe 501.
- a large number of air holes 501c are provided on the upper surface portion of the upper side air pipe 501 covered by the housing portion 501a.
- activated carbon 512 is stored inside the storage unit 501a, and a cover body 501b is provided above the storage unit 501a.
- a breathable member 511 is provided between the activated carbon 512 and the upper surface portion of the upper side ventilation pipe 501, and a cushion material 513 is provided between the activated carbon 512 and the lid 501 b.
- the silencer 510 shown in FIG. 11, the silencer 520 shown in FIG. 12, and the silencer 530 shown in FIG. 13 all have substantially the same configuration as the silencer 500 shown in FIG.
- a nonwoven fabric 514, a compression plate 515, and a leaf spring 516 are provided between the activated carbon 512 and the lid 501b in order from the activated carbon 512 side to the lid 501b. Yes.
- a nonwoven fabric 514, a compression plate 517, and a spring 518 are provided between the activated carbon 512 and the lid 501b in order from the activated carbon 512 side to the lid 501b. .
- a foam material (sponge or the like) 519 is provided between the activated carbon 512 and the lid body 501b.
- the silencer 540 shown in FIG. 14 is provided in a vent pipe 504 having an opening 504a formed on the upper side, and a container 600 is attached to the opening 504a.
- the container 600 includes a storage unit 601 and a lid 602, and activated carbon (not shown) is stored therein.
- a large number of ventilation holes 601 a are provided at the bottom of the storage unit 601.
- attachment portions 601 b are provided on the side portions of the storage portion 601, respectively, and these attachment portions 601 b are all fixed to the wall surface of the vent pipe 504.
- silencers that is, the silencers 500, 510, 520, 530, and 540 shown in FIGS. 10 to 14
- Particle size A particle having a size corresponding to a size captured by a test method of JIS K1474 using a sieve screen having an aperture of 0.5 mm to 4.5 mm specified in JIS Z8801. Hardness: 95% or more according to JIS K1474.
- Silencer shape Silencers with activated carbon of the same volume have the same noise reduction effect even if there is a difference in shape such as a box shape or a cylindrical shape.
- the silencing effect in each resonance frequency region is large, but not realistic. Although it overlaps with the conclusion of the range of the communication hole, when emphasizing the silencing effect in overhaul, it is most effective to take measures against the primary resonance frequency of the duct, so when installing a silencer containing activated carbon alone, the center of the duct A large silencing effect can be obtained when installed in position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2008年3月4日付けで出願した国際出願(PCT/JP2008/53815に基づく優先権の主張を伴う出願であって、当該国際出願の内容が援用されたものである。
11,21,31,41,51,401,503,504 通気管
11a,21a,31a,41a,51a,411a,501c,601a 通気孔
12,22,32,42,52,412 カバー
13,23,33,43,53,413 袋状体
14,24,34,44,54,414,512 活性炭
400 ケース
411 内管
511 通気性部材
本発明者は、活性炭に消音作用があることに着目し、この活性炭の消音作用を利用して、本発明を見出した。そして、本発明者は、本発明の効果を確認するために、図1に示す試験装置10を用いて、4気筒ガソリンエンジンによる吸気騒音試験を実施した。この吸気騒音試験の結果を図2、図3に示す。
次に、図4~8を参照しながら、本発明の通気管の消音構造について説明する。図4~8は、それぞれ実施例1~5における本発明の主要部を示す図である。
図4は、本発明の実施例1におけるサイレンサ310を示す図である。図4(a)は、サイレンサ310の側面図である。図4(b)は、図4(a)のA-A線矢視図である。
図5は、本発明の実施例2におけるサイレンサ320を示す図である。図5(a)は、サイレンサ320の斜視図である。図5(b)は、サイレンサ320の分解斜視図である。
図6は、本発明の実施例3におけるサイレンサ330を示す図である。図6(a)は、サイレンサ330の斜視図である。図6(b)は、サイレンサ330の分解斜視図である。
図7は、本発明の実施例4におけるサイレンサ340を示す図である。図7(a)は、サイレンサ340の斜視図である。図7(b)は、図7(a)に示したサイレンサ340を上方から視た図である。図7(c)は、図7(b)に示したサイレンサ340のB-B線矢視図である。
図8は、本発明の実施例5におけるサイレンサ350を示す図である。図8(a)は、サイレンサ350の斜視図、図8(b)は、サイレンサ350の分解斜視図である。
実施例1~5のサイレンサを備えた通気管にあっては、いずれの場合にも、活性炭の作用により、広い周波数域について消音を行うことが可能となる。また、いずれの場合にも、通気管内には、通気抵抗となるような障害物が設けられていない。従って、これらのサイレンサによれば、通気抵抗の悪化を防止することも可能である。
次に、図9を参照しながら、本発明のケースの消音構造について説明する。図9は、ケースの消音構造の一例を示す図であり、図9(a)は、ケース400を上方から視た図、図9(b)は、図9(a)に示したケース400のC-C線矢視図、図9(c)は、図9(b)に示したケース400のD-D線矢視図である。
以上の説明は、本発明の理解を容易にするためのものであり、本発明を限定するものではない。本発明は、その趣旨、目的を逸脱することなく、変更、改良され得るとともに、本発明にはその等価物が含まれることは勿論である。
なお、本発明者は、サイレンサの最適形状について、次の(1)~(7)の通り、考えた。
使用する活性炭は、被表面積の大きいものほど消音特性に優れると考えられる。活性炭を容器に効率よく(高密度)で詰める場合は、粒径は小さいほど有利であるが、微粉末になると通気シートの目詰まりを発生させたり、詰め込み作業時に飛散するような要因となり得るため、粒径分布の管理が必要となる。また、振動により活性炭同士が擦れ合うと粉末状に粉砕されるため、使用中の劣化防止については硬さも重要な要素となる。よって、以下の条件で管理された活性炭を使用するのが望ましい。粒径(初期):JIS Z8801に規定された目開き0.5mm~4.5mmの篩い網を使用し、JIS K1474の試験方法により捕捉される大きさ相当の物。硬度:JIS K1474による95%以上の物。
連通穴の範囲は、ダクトの前後方向に対してできるだけ広範囲に(それに伴いサイレンサ部も拡大する)に設ける方が消音効果は大きい。但し、ダクト全長すべてに設置することは現実的ではない。現実的な活性炭量やサイレンサ形状を考慮すると、ダクト前後方向中央位置にダクト全長の1/6の範囲で連通穴(及びサイレンサ)を設けるとよい。ダクトの気柱共鳴では、1次共鳴の周波数域が最もオーバーオールへの影響が大きいため、1次共鳴の低減が大きく、C2での音圧悪化を最小限にできるダクト中央部が最適である。なお、連通穴の穴径の違いは、消音特性に影響を及ぼさない。また、サイレンサ投影面積の10%以上の連通穴が満遍なく設けられていれば、消音効果に大差はない。
活性炭入りサイレンサの高さ(連通穴部から垂直方向の寸法)を変化させた場合、消音効果はダクト径が違っても高さが80mm程度で横ばいになる。これ以上高さを高くしても更なる消音効果は望めない。よって、サイレンサの高さは80mmまでが消音に効果的といえる。また、活性炭入りサイレンサの長さ(ダクト前後方向)を変化させた場合は、ダクト周壁の連通穴の項目で結論つけられるように、ダクト全長に対して1/6程度をダクト中央位置に設けるのが最も好ましい。また、連通穴を一定にし、サイレンサ部のみ長さを変化させた場合、消音への影響はほとんど無く、サイレンサの長さは、連通穴範囲を確保するだけの長さがあればよい。さらに、活性炭入りサイレンサの幅は、ダクトの内径と同等であればよい。以上のことより、消音に効果があり、実用的である活性炭量を求めるには、サイレンサ内寸:長さ(ダクト全長/6)×幅(ダクト内径)×高さ(80mm)=最適活性炭量(cc)となる。ダクトφ56mm(内径)×600mm(長さ)の場合は、100×56×80≒450ccが活性炭の適量である。
同じ容積の活性炭入りサイレンサの場合、箱型や筒型等の形状の違いがあっても、消音効果は同等である。
連通穴範囲を100mmの長さとした活性炭入りサイレンサをダクトの前後方向中央に取付けた場合、一次共鳴に消音効果が大きく、二次共鳴の消音効果は小さくなる。ダクト両端部の位置(ダクト全長1/4の位置)に活性炭入りサイレンサを取付けた場合は、一次共鳴の消音効果は小さくなるが、二次共鳴での消音効果は大きくなる。対策したい共鳴周波数の波長の節の位置に活性炭入りサイレンサを設置することが最も効果的である。一次共鳴、二次共鳴、もしくはそれ以上の共鳴周波数の節の位置に複数個のサイレンサを取付けた場合、各共鳴周波数域の消音効果は大きいが現実的でない。連通穴の範囲の結論とも重複するが、オーバーホールでの消音効果を重視した場合、ダクトの一次共鳴周波数を対策するのが最も効果的なため、活性炭入りサイレンサを単体で取付ける場合は、ダクトの中央位置に取付けると大きな消音効果が得られる。
サイレンサの中身を変え、活性炭、グラスウール、スポンジ(自動車専用吸音スポンジ)を比較したところ、活性炭はオーバーオール、C2共に最も良好な結果が得られ、音圧レベル、各次成分ごとの消音特性に優れている。
ポーラスメディアと活性炭入りサイレンサを比較した場合、吸気先端音はほぼ同等であり、透過音、通気抵抗においては、活性炭入りサイレンサが良好な結果である。また、ポーラスメディアはエンジンルーム内の暖気を吸入してしまうが、活性炭入りサイレンサは、ダクト周壁の連通穴以外外部に開口している場所がない為、暖気吸入の心配が無い。
Claims (4)
- 通気管の消音構造であって、
前記通気管は、一次側ダクトであり、
前記一次側ダクトの周壁に通気孔が設けられ、当該通気孔を覆うようにして前記周壁の外側にカバーが設けられており、前記カバー内に活性炭が収納され、前記活性炭と前記周壁との間に通気性部材が介在することを特徴とする通気管の消音構造。 - 請求項1において、
前記通気孔は、前記周壁のうち底部を除いた領域に設けられていることを特徴とする通気管の消音構造。 - 導入用の通気管及び導出用の通気管が設けられたケースの消音構造であって、
前記ケース内に、前記導入用の通気管若しくは前記導出用の通気管と連通する内管が設けられ、且つ、前記内管の周壁に通気孔が設けられ、当該通気孔を覆うようにして前記周壁の外側にカバーが設けられており、前記カバー内に活性炭が収納され、前記活性炭と前記周壁との間に通気性部材が介在することを特徴とするケースの消音構造。 - 請求項3において、
前記通気孔は、前記周壁のうち底部を除いた領域に設けられていることを特徴とするケースの消音構造。
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JP2010501854A JP5514713B2 (ja) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-23 | 通気管の消音構造及びケースの消音構造 |
CN2009801076202A CN101965448B (zh) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-23 | 通风管的消声结构和壳体的消声结构 |
US12/918,550 US8316987B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-23 | Muffling structure of vent pipe and muffling structure of case |
EP09716927.0A EP2249020B1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-23 | Muffling structure of vent pipe and muffling structure of case |
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PCT/JP2009/053198 WO2009110344A1 (ja) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-23 | 通気管の消音構造及びケースの消音構造 |
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EP2249020B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
US20110011670A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
EP2249020A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
US8316987B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
WO2009110060A1 (ja) | 2009-09-11 |
CN101965448A (zh) | 2011-02-02 |
CN101965448B (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
EP2249020A4 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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