WO2006073057A1 - 固体撮像装置 - Google Patents
固体撮像装置Info
- Publication number
- WO2006073057A1 WO2006073057A1 PCT/JP2005/023459 JP2005023459W WO2006073057A1 WO 2006073057 A1 WO2006073057 A1 WO 2006073057A1 JP 2005023459 W JP2005023459 W JP 2005023459W WO 2006073057 A1 WO2006073057 A1 WO 2006073057A1
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- Prior art keywords
- period
- signal
- imaging device
- line
- state imaging
- Prior art date
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 127
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 186
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 32
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- 101100421503 Arabidopsis thaliana SIGA gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 101150117326 sigA gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100441244 Caenorhabditis elegans csp-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14609—Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/57—Control of the dynamic range
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/148—Charge coupled imagers
- H01L27/14806—Structural or functional details thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/50—Control of the SSIS exposure
- H04N25/57—Control of the dynamic range
- H04N25/58—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures
- H04N25/587—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures acquired sequentially, e.g. using the combination of odd and even image fields
- H04N25/589—Control of the dynamic range involving two or more exposures acquired sequentially, e.g. using the combination of odd and even image fields with different integration times, e.g. short and long exposures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid-state imaging device, and more particularly to a solid-state imaging device capable of obtaining a video signal with a wide dynamic range.
- pixels are deleted by partially extracting an image called thinning.
- an amplification type solid-state imaging device addition of pixel signals in the vertical direction is performed in the imaging device.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a “solid-state imaging device” (see Patent Document 1), and is an example of a solid-state imaging device that performs addition of pixel signals in the vertical direction within the imaging device.
- the conventional solid-state imaging device transmits the unit cell 500, the image area 510 in which nX m unit cells 500 are arranged in a matrix, and the signal voltage of the unit cell 500 to the signal processing unit 550 in units of columns.
- the first vertical signal line 520, the row selection circuit 530 that selects the unit cell 500 in a row unit, the load transistor group 540, and the signal voltage transmitted through the first vertical signal line 520 are held,
- a signal processing unit 550 that cuts noise
- a column selection circuit 560 that selects unit cells 500 in units of columns, a horizontal signal line 570 that transmits a signal voltage output from the signal processing unit 550 to an output amplifier 580, and an output It consists of an amplifier 580.
- FIG. 1 for simplification of description, an n-row, m-column unit cell 500 is shown.
- the unit cell 500 includes a photodiode 501 that converts light into a signal charge and stores it.
- the readout transistor 502 that reads the signal of the photodiode 501
- the amplification transistor 503 that amplifies the signal voltage of the photodiode 501
- the reset transistor 504 that resets the signal voltage of the photodiode 501
- the row that reads the amplified signal voltage
- the vertical selection transistor 505 for selecting the FD and the FD (floating diffusion) unit 506 for detecting the signal voltage of the photodiode 501 are also configured.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the signal processing unit 550.
- the signal processing unit 550 includes a sample hold transistor 600 connected to the first vertical signal line 520, a clamp capacitor 610 connected to the first vertical signal line 520 via the sample hold transistor 600, A second vertical signal line 620 connected to the first vertical signal line 520 through the clamp capacitor 610, a sampling transistor 630a, 630b, 630c connected to the second vertical signal line 620, and a clamp ⁇ transistor 640, a column selection transistor 650 connected to the second vertical signal line 620, a sampling capacitor 660a connected to the second vertical signal line 620 through the sampling transistor 630a, and a first through the sampling transistor 630b.
- the sampling capacitor 660b connected to the second vertical signal line 620 and the sampling capacitor 660 connected to the second vertical signal line 620 via the sampling transistor 630c.
- the sample hold transistor 600 is turned on in response to the application of the sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the high level, and transmits the signal voltage transmitted by the first vertical signal line 520 to the clamp capacitor 610. .
- the clamp transistor 640 is turned on, and a CPDC voltage is applied to the terminal B of the clamp capacitor 610.
- the clamp capacitor 610 retains the voltage between terminals A and B at reset, thereby eliminating fixed pattern noise that differs for each unit cell 500.
- the second vertical signal line 620 transmits the signal voltage transmitted from the first vertical signal line 520 via the clamp capacitor 610.
- the sampling transistor 630a is turned on in response to the application of the capacitance selection pulse A that sets the SWA line to the noise level, and transfers the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 to the sampling capacitor 660a. Or signal voltage of sampling capacity 660a Is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- the sampling transistor 630b is turned on in response to the application of the capacitance selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the noise level, and is capable of transferring the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 to the sampling capacitor 660b.
- the signal voltage of the sampling capacitor 660b is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- the sampling transistor 630c is turned on in response to the application of the capacitor selection pulse C that sets the SWC line to the high level, and transfers the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 to the sampling capacitor 660c. Alternatively, the signal voltage of the sampling capacitor 660c is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- the clamp transistor 640 is turned on in response to the application of the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the high level, the second vertical signal line 620, the clamp capacitor 610, and the sampling capacitors 660a, 660b, 660c. To the potential of the CPDC line.
- the column selection transistor 650 is turned on in response to the application of the column selection pulse that brings the CSEL line to the high level, and the charge stored in the sampling capacitors 660a, 660b, and 660c is converted into a horizontal signal. Forward to line 570.
- Sampling capacitors 660a, 660b, and 660c each store the signal voltage read for each row.
- the sampling capacitor 660a stores the signal voltage read from the unit cell 500 in the nth row
- the sampling capacitor 660b stores the signal voltage read from the unit cell 500 in the n ⁇ 1th row
- the sampling capacitor 660c stores the signal voltage read from the unit cell 500 in the n ⁇ second row.
- a row selection pulse n that sets the LSET (n) line to the noise level is applied to the vertical selection transistor 505 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplification transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 has its source follower circuit power as the first vertical signal line 520. Is output.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied to the sample hold transistor 600.
- the sample and hold transistor 600 is turned on and the source The voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 from the lower circuit force is held in the clamp capacitor 610.
- a clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the noise level is applied to the clamp transistor 640.
- the clamp transistor 640 is turned on, and the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the CPDC line potential.
- the sampling transistor 630a since the capacitor selection pulse A that applies the SWA line to the noise level is applied, the sampling transistor 630a is turned on, and the sampling capacitor 660a is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a reset pulse n for setting the RESET (n) line to a high level is applied to the reset transistor 504.
- the reset transistor 504 is turned on, and the potential of the FD unit 506 is reset.
- the gate voltage of the amplifying transistor 503 connected to the FD section 506 becomes the potential of the FD section 506, and the voltage corresponding to this voltage, specifically, the voltage given by (FD section potential-Vt) X is the first. Is output to the vertical signal line 520.
- Vt is the threshold voltage of the amplification transistor 503
- a is the voltage amplification factor.
- a clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the clamp transistor 640 is turned off, and the second vertical signal line 620 is floated.
- a read pulse n that sets the READ (n) line to a high level is applied to the read transistor 502.
- the reading transistor 502 is turned on and transferred to the signal charge force FD unit 506 accumulated in the photodiode 501.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD section 506 becomes the potential of the FD section 506, and the voltage corresponding to this voltage, specifically, the voltage given by (FD section potential-Vt) Xa is the first voltage. 1 is output to the vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the clamp transistor 640 is turned off, and the sampling capacitor 660a is reset when the potential of the FD section 506 is reset.
- n The unit cell 500 in the first row is selected, and the capacity is selected to set the SWB line to the noise level.
- the selection pulse B By selecting the selection pulse B and repeating the same operation, the signal voltage of the unit cell 500 in the n ⁇ lth row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 660b. Then, the capacitor selection pulse B that makes the SWB line low is applied, and the sampling transistor 630b is turned off.
- the unit cell 500 in the n-second row is selected, and the capacitor selection pulse C for setting the SWC line to the high level is applied.
- the sampling capacitor 660c has n—The signal voltage of the unit cell 500 in the second row is stored. Then, the capacitance selection pulse C that makes the SWC line low is applied, and the sampling transistor 630c is turned off.
- capacitance selection pulse A, capacitance selection pulse B, and capacitance selection pulse C that set the SWA line, SWB line, and SWC line to the noise level are applied simultaneously, and sampling transistors 630a, 630b, and 630c are turned on. It becomes a state.
- any one of capacitance selection pulse A, capacitance selection pulse B, and capacitance selection pulse C is applied, and only one of sampling transistors 630a, 630b, and 630c is turned on. State.
- the column selection pulse m for setting the CSEL (m) line to the high level, the column selection pulse m-1 for setting the CSEL (m-1) line to the high level, and so on are sequentially applied to the column selection transistor 650.
- each column selection transistor 650 is sequentially turned on, and the signal voltages accumulated in the sampling capacitor 660a, the sampling capacitor 660b, and the sampling capacitor 660c are added and sequentially output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-260783
- the conventional solid-state imaging device can detect only the amount of light in the range until the signal charge generated by the photodiode 501 overflows, that is, the range up to the saturation level of the photodiode 501. If the amount of light exceeds the saturation level, only a certain amount of signal charge is transferred to the FD unit 506, so the potential of the FD unit 506 becomes constant and becomes saturated. Therefore, it is extremely bright when shooting indoors and outdoors.
- a V, (high brightness) subject and a relatively low (low brightness) subject are mixed, there is a problem that the high brightness part is overexposed or the low intensity part is overshadowed. That is, the conventional solid-state imaging device has a problem that the dynamic range is narrow.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-313257 which aims to solve the above problem, discloses a solid-state imaging device having an expanded dynamic range by outputting a signal corresponding to the logarithm of the incident light quantity. Yes.
- this solid-state imaging device has a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size because there are many components of the pixel circuit.
- an object of the present invention is to realize a solid-state imaging device with a high dynamic range.
- the solid-state imaging device of the present invention is an amplification type solid-state imaging device, a photoelectric conversion unit that converts light into signal charges and stores the signal, and a signal of the photoelectric conversion unit.
- a readout control unit that controls the readout unit so that signal charges are read out.
- the solid-state imaging device further includes a row selection unit for selecting a row, a first capacitor element and a second capacitor element connected to the unit cell for each column, and the first capacitor element.
- a capacitance selection means for selecting one of the second capacitance elements, wherein the capacitance selection means respectively receives the amplified signals corresponding to the signal charges accumulated in the first period and the second period.
- the first capacitor element and the second capacitor element may be selected to be stored, and the first period and the second period may be shorter than one vertical scanning period, or the first period One of the period and the second period, whichever is shorter This period may be shorter than one horizontal scanning period.
- the first capacitor element and the second capacitor element may have different capacitance values.
- signal charges are accumulated in the unit cells in different accumulation periods, and amplified signals corresponding to the signal charges are accumulated in different capacitive elements, so that the photodiodes of the unit cells are not saturated. It is possible to shoot in a short time and a sufficiently long time, and the dynamic range can be expanded.
- the solid-state imaging device further includes a horizontal signal line connected to the first capacitor element and the second capacitor element, and the capacitor selection unit includes the first capacitor element and the first capacitor element.
- the amplified signal of the second capacitive element may be selected so as to be simultaneously read out to the horizontal signal line.
- the amplified signals accumulated in the different capacitive elements are added by the horizontal signal line, so that the dynamic range can be expanded without newly providing a frame memory or the like, and the chip area is increased.
- the dynamic range can be expanded without causing
- the row selection unit sequentially selects two rows separated by two or more rows
- the read control unit is configured to read a signal charge of a unit cell in one of the two rows. Is controlled so that the signal charge accumulated in the first period is read, and when the signal charge of the unit cell in the other row is read, the signal charge accumulated in the second period is You may control so that it may be read.
- the solid-state imaging device further includes a horizontal signal line connected to the first capacitor element and the second capacitor element, and the capacitor selection unit includes the first capacitor element and the second capacitor. The amplified signal of the element may be selected so as to be read out separately to the horizontal signal line, and the solid-state imaging device is further connected to each of the first capacitor element and the second capacitor element. Have one horizontal signal line and a second horizontal signal line.
- the accumulation period has a high degree of freedom. You can set it.
- the row selection means may include a selection circuit that controls selection of two rows separated by two or more rows.
- a selection circuit such as a logic circuit, and it is not necessary to provide a shift register for generating a plurality of read signals.
- the dynamic range can be expanded without increasing the value.
- the capacitance selection means may select based on a ratio of the first period and the second period, and the capacitance selection means may include the first capacitance element and the second capacitance. You can select the amplified signal stored in the element so that the SZN ratio is close.
- the capacitive element, the period setting unit, the capacitance selection unit, and the row selection unit may be configured by NMOS transistors.
- the capacitor is configured as an N-type MOS transistor, response characteristics can be increased. Furthermore, it is possible to form a capacitor with a single layer of polysilicon compared to a double layer of polysilicon, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the present invention is an amplification type solid-state imaging device, comprising: photoelectric conversion means for converting light into signal charges and storing; and reading means for reading signal charges of the photoelectric conversion means, A plurality of unit cells arranged in a matrix that outputs an amplified signal corresponding to the signal charge, and the readout means so that the signal charge accumulated in different accumulation periods of the first period and the second period is read out
- Read control means for controlling the signal, and the read control means does not add the amplification signals of the unit cells of the plurality of rows, in some cases, in different accumulation periods of the first period and the second period.
- the solid-state imaging device further includes a row selection means for selecting a row, a first capacitor element and a second capacitor element connected to the unit cell for each column, and the first capacitor.
- Capacitance selecting means for selecting an arbitrary capacitance element from the element and the second capacitance element, and the capacitance selection means does not add the amplified signals of the unit cells in the plurality of rows.
- the amplified signal having different unit cell power corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the period may be selected so as to be accumulated in either the first capacitor element or the second capacitor element.
- the sensitivity can be improved by using the addition mode at low illuminance, and the dynamic range can be expanded by using the non-addition mode at high illuminance, so that it can cope with various imaging situations.
- An amplification type solid-state imaging device can be realized.
- the solid-state imaging device it is possible to realize a solid-state imaging device capable of expanding the dynamic range without increasing the chip area. In addition, it is possible to realize a solid-state imaging device capable of setting the accumulation period with a high degree of freedom. In addition, it is possible to realize an amplification type solid-state imaging device that can cope with various imaging situations.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional solid-state imaging device.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of a signal processing unit of a conventional solid-state imaging device.
- FIG. 3 is a drive timing chart showing the operation of a conventional solid-state imaging device.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an amplification type solid-state imaging device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of a signal processing unit of the amplification type solid-state imaging device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a drive timing chart showing the operation (first mode operation) of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a drive timing chart showing the operation (second mode operation) of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing signal output single incident light intensity in the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment. It is a figure which shows a degree characteristic.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of an amplification type solid-state imaging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration diagram of a signal processing unit of the amplification type solid-state imaging device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a drive timing chart showing the operation (first mode operation) of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a circuit configuration diagram of a signal processing unit of a modification of the amplification type solid-state imaging device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a drive timing chart showing an operation (first mode operation) of a variation of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a signal output single incident light intensity characteristic in a modification of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit configuration diagram of a signal processing unit of a modification of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a drive timing chart showing an operation (first mode operation) of a modification of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of an amplification type solid-state imaging device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a circuit configuration diagram of a signal processing unit of the amplification type solid-state imaging device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a drive timing chart showing an operation (first mode operation) of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a method of arbitrarily setting the first period and the second period in the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment.
- the same elements as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment has a signal processing unit and a row selection circuit different from those of the conventional solid-state imaging device, and the first solid-state imaging device does not add the signal voltages of the unit cells in different rows. It has a second mode for adding modes.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device includes a signal processing unit 100, a row selection circuit 110, a unit cell 500, an image area 510, a first vertical signal line 520, a load transistor group 540, and a column selection circuit 560. And a horizontal signal line 570 and an output amplifier 580.
- FIG. 4 for simplicity of explanation, an n-row, m-column unit cell 500 is shown.
- the unit cell 500 includes a photodiode 501, a read transistor 502, an amplification transistor 503, a reset ⁇ transistor 504, a vertical selection ⁇ transistor 505, and an FD 506.
- the row selection circuit 110 forms row selection means together with the vertical selection transistor 505, and selects the unit cell 500 in units of rows.
- the row selection circuit 110 constitutes a read control unit and controls a period during which signal charges are accumulated in the photodiode 501. That is, in the first mode, the accumulation period is set to a first period shorter than one vertical scanning period and a second period shorter than the first period, and in the second mode, one accumulation scanning period is set.
- the accumulation period is set for a certain third period. For example, the second period is shorter than one horizontal period, and the first period is a period obtained by subtracting the second period from one vertical scanning period.
- FIG. 5 a circuit configuration diagram of the signal processing unit 100 is shown in FIG.
- the same elements as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the signal processing unit 100 includes sampling transistors 200a and 200b, a sampling capacitor 210a connected to the second vertical signal line 620 through the sampling transistor 200a, and a second vertical signal through the sampling transistor 200b.
- Sampling capacity connected to signal line 620 210b, pulse generation circuit 220, sample and hold transistor 600, clamp capacity 610, second vertical signal line 620, clamp transistor 640, column select transistor 650, and horizontal signal line 570.
- a horizontal signal line capacitor 230 At this time, the capacitance value of the clamp capacitor 610 is Ccp.
- the sampling transistor 200a is turned on in response to the application of the capacitance selection pulse A that sets the SWA line to the noise level, and transfers the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 to the sampling capacitor 21 Oa.
- the signal voltage of the sampling capacitor 21 Oa is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- the sampling transistor 200b is turned on in response to the application of the capacitance selection pulse B that sets the SWB line to the noise level, and transfers the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 to the sampling capacitor 210b. ⁇ or the signal voltage of the sampling capacitor 210b is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- the sampling capacitors 210a and 210b store signal voltages corresponding to the signal charges stored in the photodiodes 501 in the same row in the first period and the second period, respectively. Then, signal voltages corresponding to the signal charges stored in the photodiodes 501 in different rows in the third period are stored. At this time, the capacitance value of the sampling capacitor 210a is Csp, and the capacitance value of the sampling capacitor 210b is Csp.
- the horizontal signal line capacitance 230 represents the floating capacitance due to the column selection transistor 650 and the horizontal signal line 570. At this time, the capacity value of the horizontal signal line capacity 230 is Ccom.
- the pulse generation circuit 220 constitutes a capacity selection means together with the sampling transistors 200a and 200b, and selects an arbitrary sampling capacity for storing the signal voltage from the sampling capacity 210a and 210b. That is, in the first mode, the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the first period is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210a, and the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the second period is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210b. In the second mode, the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge of different unit cell force accumulated in the third period is accumulated in one of the sampling capacitors 210a and 210b.
- the pulse generation circuit 220 selects a sampling capacitor so that the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitors 210a and 210b is simultaneously read out to the horizontal signal line 570.
- the operation (first mode operation) of the amplification type solid-state imaging device having the above configuration will be described with reference to the drive timing chart shown in FIG.
- the row selection pulse for setting the LSET (n) line to the high level is applied to the vertical selection transistor 505 of the unit cell 500 in the (n) -th row.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplifying transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 also has the source follower circuit power of the first vertical signal line. Output to 520.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied to the sample hold transistor 600.
- the sample hold transistor 600 is turned on, and the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 is also held in the clamp capacitor 610 in the source follower circuit force.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the high level is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the clamp transistor 640 is turned on, and the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the high level is applied to the sampling transistor 200a, the sampling transistor 200a is turned on, and the sampling capacitor 210a is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a reset pulse (n) for setting the RESET (n) line to a high level is applied to the reset transistor 504 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row.
- the reset transistor 504 is turned on, and the potential of the FD section 506 is reset.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD section 506 becomes the potential of the FD section 506, and the voltage corresponding to this voltage, specifically, the voltage given by (FD section potential-Vt) X ⁇ Is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- a clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied, the clamp transistor 640 is turned off, and the second vertical signal line 620 is in a floating state.
- a read pulse for setting the READ (n) line to a high level is applied to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the (n) th row.
- the reading transistor 502 is turned on and transferred to the signal charge force FD unit 506 accumulated in the photodiode 501.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD section 506 becomes the potential of the FD section 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the difference between the output voltage and the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 when transferred to the SFD unit 506 is the signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501. Stored as the signal voltage for the first period. Then, the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the low level and the read pulse (n) for setting the READ (n) line to the same level are applied, and the sampling transistor 200a and the reading transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row are applied. Are turned off.
- the signal voltage of the first period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210a is a read pulse (n) for setting the READ (n) line to high level for reading the signal voltage of the second period.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level and a clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the high level are applied.
- the sampling transistor 200b since the capacitor selection pulse B that applies the SWB line to the noise level is applied at the same time, the sampling transistor 200b is turned on, and the sampling capacitor 210b is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a reset pulse (n) that sets the RESET (n) line to a high level is applied, and the potential of the FD unit 506 is reset.
- a clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied to the clamp transistor 640, and the second vertical signal line 620 enters a floating state.
- the read pulse (n) for setting the READ (n) line to the high level is applied again to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row, and the signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501 is changed. Transferred to FD section 506.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied, the signal voltage of the second period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210b.
- the capacitance selection pulse B that applies the SWB line to the low level is applied.
- the sampling transistor 200b is turned off.
- the signal voltage of the second period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210b is a read pulse (n) for setting the READ (n) line to the high level for reading the signal voltage of the first period.
- the column selection pulse (k) for setting the CSEL (k) line to the high level, the column selection pulse (k + 1) for setting the CSEL (k + 1) line to the noise level, are column selection transistors. Sequentially applied to 650. The column selection transistors 650 are sequentially turned on, and the signal voltages accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210a and the sampling capacitor 210b are added and sequentially output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- the row selection pulse for setting the LSET (n) line to the high level is applied to the vertical selection transistor 505 of the unit cell 500 in the (n) -th row.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplifying transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 also has the source follower circuit power of the first vertical signal line. Output to 520.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied to the sample hold transistor 600, and the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 as the source follower circuit force is also held in the clamp capacitor 610.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the high level is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the high level is applied to the sampling transistor 200a !, so the sampling capacitor 210a is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the reset pulse (n) for setting the RESET (n) line to the high level is the unit cell 50 in the n-th row. Applied to zero reset transistor 504.
- the reset transistor 504 is turned on, and the potential of the FD unit 506 is reset.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage corresponding to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- a clamp pulse for applying the CP line to a low level is applied, the clamp transistor 640 is turned off, and the second vertical signal line 620 is in a floating state.
- the signal charge that is applied to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 5000 in the read pulse (n) row of the read (n) line and stored in the photodiode 501 is the FD unit. Forwarded to 506.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the low level is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the signal voltage of the third period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210a.
- the capacitor selection pulse A that sets the SWA line to the low level and the read pulse (n) that sets the READ (n) line to the low level are applied.
- the unit cell 500 in the (n + 1) th row is selected, and the capacitor selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the low and high levels is applied.
- the sampling capacitor 210b has The signal voltage in the third period of the unit cell 500 in the (n + 1) th row is accumulated. Then, the capacitor selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the low level is applied, and the sampling transistor 200b is turned off.
- the signal voltage of the third period accumulated in the sampling capacitors 210a and 210b is set to the READ (n) line at the noise level for reading the signal voltage of the third period.
- the column selection pulse (k) for setting the CSEL (k) line to the high level and the CSEL (k + 1) line for the noise is sequentially applied to the column selection transistor 650.
- the column selection transistors 650 are sequentially turned on, and the signal voltages accumulated in the sampling capacitor 210a and the sampling capacitor 210b are added and sequentially output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a signal output single incident light intensity characteristic in the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment.
- the signal output corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the first period is saturated with the incident light intensity A and does not increase in the region where the incident light intensity is greater than the incident light intensity A.
- the signal output corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the second period does not saturate with the incident light intensity A, and it is obvious that the signal output increases even in a region where the incident light intensity is greater than the incident light intensity A. Therefore, it can be seen that the signal output corresponding to the signal charges accumulated in the first period and the second period thus added does not saturate even in a region where the incident light intensity is high. That is, it can be seen that the dynamic range is expanded.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment As described above, according to the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment, signal charges are accumulated in the photodiode 501 with different accumulation times, and the signal voltages corresponding to these signal charges have different sampling capacities. Accumulated. Therefore, since it is possible to shoot in a short time and a sufficiently long time that the photodiode does not saturate, the amplification type solid-state imaging device of this embodiment can expand the dynamic range.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment can expand the dynamic range without increasing the chip area. .
- both the second mode in which the signal voltages of the unit cells 500 in different rows are added and the first mode in which the addition is not added can be realized. . Therefore, since the sensitivity can be improved by using the second mode that is added at low illuminance and the dynamic range can be expanded by using the first mode that is not added at high illuminance, the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment is Amplified type that can handle various imaging situations A body imaging device can be realized.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment.
- the same elements as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment has a signal processing unit and a row selection circuit different from those of the solid-state imaging device of the first embodiment, and includes a signal processing unit 700, a row selection circuit 710, 7, a unit cell 500, an image area 510, a first vertical signal line 520, a load transistor group 540 and a column selection circuit 560, a horizontal signal line 570, and an output amplifier 580.
- the row selection circuits 710 and 720 constitute row selection means together with the vertical selection transistor 505, and select unit cells 500 separated by two or more rows in units of rows.
- the row selection circuits 710 and 720 constitute a read control unit and control a period during which signal charges are accumulated in the photodiode 501. That is, in the first mode, the accumulation period is set to a first period shorter than one vertical scanning period and a second period shorter than the first period, and in the second mode, one accumulation period is set. An accumulation period is set for a third period. For example, the second period is longer than one horizontal period, and the first period is a period obtained by subtracting the second period from one vertical scanning period.
- FIG. 10 a circuit configuration diagram of the signal processing unit 700 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the same elements as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the signal processing unit 700 includes sampling transistors 800a and 800b, a sampling capacitor 810a connected to the second vertical signal line 620 via the sampling transistor 800a, and a second vertical via the sampling transistor 800b.
- Sampling capacity 810b connected to signal line 620, pulse generation circuit 820, sample and hold transistor 600, clamp capacity 610, second vertical signal line 620, clamp transistor 640, and column selection transistor 6 50 And a horizontal signal line capacitor 230.
- Sampling transistor 800a has capacitance selection pulse A for setting SWA line to the noise level.
- the signal is turned ON and the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 is transferred to the sampling capacitor 810a, or the signal voltage of the sampling capacitor 810a is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- the sampling transistor 800b is turned on in response to the application of the capacitor selection pulse B that sets the SWB line to the noise level, and transfers the signal voltage transmitted by the second vertical signal line 620 to the sampling capacitor 810b. ⁇ or the signal voltage of the sampling capacitor 810b is transferred to the second vertical signal line 620.
- Sampling capacitors 810a and 810b store a signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge stored in the photodiode 501 in the first period and the second period, respectively, in the first mode, and in the second mode, Signal voltages corresponding to the signal charges accumulated in the photodiodes 501 in different rows in the period 3 are accumulated.
- the capacitance value of the sampling capacitor 810a is Csp
- the capacitance value of the sampling capacitor 810b is Csp.
- the pulse generation circuit 820 constitutes a capacity selection unit together with the sampling transistors 800a and 800b, and selects an arbitrary sampling capacity for storing a signal voltage from the sampling capacity 810a and 810b. That is, in the first mode, the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the first period is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a, and the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the second period is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b. In the second mode, the sampling voltage is selected so that the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the third period is accumulated in one of the sampling capacitors 810a and 810b. Select the capacity. Further, the pulse generation circuit 820 selects the sampling capacity so that the signal voltages accumulated in the sampling capacitors 810a and 810b are read out separately to the horizontal signal line 570.
- the operation (first mode operation) of the amplification type solid-state imaging device having the above configuration will be described with reference to the drive timing chart shown in FIG. Since the operation in the second mode is the same as that of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- the row selection pulse (nl) for setting the LSET (n) line to the high level is sent from the row selection circuit 710 to the vertical direction of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row.
- select transistor 505. The vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplification transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the power supply power of the unit cell 500 is The voltage following the pressure is also output to the first vertical signal line 520 as its source follower circuit force.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied, and the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 as the source follower circuit force is held in the clamp capacitor 610.
- the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the sampling transistor 800a is turned on, and the sampling capacitor 810a is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a reset pulse (nl) for setting the RESET (n) line to a high level is applied from the row selection circuit 710 to the reset transistor 504 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row, and the potential calibration of the FD section 506 is performed. Is done.
- a read pulse (nl) that sets the READ (n) line to the noise level is applied from the row selection circuit 710 to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row and accumulated in the photodiode 501.
- Signal charge force is transferred to the SFD unit 506.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied, the signal voltage of the first period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the low level and the read pulse (nl) for setting the READ (n) line to the low level are applied.
- the signal voltage of the first period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a is determined by scanning the READ (n) line for reading the signal voltage of the second period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row. After the read pulse (n2) to be set to the high level is applied from the row selection circuit 720, the READ (n) line is set to high level for reading the signal voltage in the first period of the unit cell 500 in the nth row. Corresponds to the signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501 until the read pulse (nl) is applied from the row selection circuit 710 this time.
- the row selection pulse (m2) for setting the LSET (m) line to the high level is applied to the vertical direction of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row from the row selection circuit 720.
- select transistor 505. The vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplification transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 is also the source follower circuit force of the first vertical signal line 520. Is output.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level and a clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the high level are applied.
- the sampling transistor 800b since the capacitor selection pulse B that applies the SWB line to the noise level is applied at the same time, the sampling transistor 800b is turned on, and the sampling capacitor 810b is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a reset pulse (m2) that sets the RESET (m) line connected to the reset transistor 504 of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row to a noise level is applied from the row selection circuit 720, and the potential of the FD section 50 6 Is reset.
- a read pulse (m2) that sets the READ (m) line connected to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row to a noise level is applied from the row selection circuit 720 and accumulated in the photodiode 501.
- Signal charge power is transferred to the FD unit 506.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the low level is applied, the signal voltage in the second period of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b.
- the capacitor selection pulse B that applies the SWB line to the low level is applied.
- the signal voltage of the second period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b is set high for the READ (m) line to accumulate the signal voltage of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row for the first period.
- the read pulse (ml) to be leveled is applied from the row selection circuit 710, and then the READ (m) line is set to high level in order to read the signal voltage in the second period of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row Before the read pulse (m2) is applied from the row selection circuit 720 this time This corresponds to the signal charge stored in the node 501.
- the column selection pulse (k) for setting the CSEL (k) line to the high level is applied, and the column selection transistor 650 in the k-th column is turned on.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the noise level is applied, and the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a is output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- a capacitor selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the noise level is applied, and the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b is output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- column selection pulse imprinting, capacitance selection pulse A imprinting, and capacitance selection pulse B are applied to all column selection transistors 650.
- the solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment As described above, according to the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment, as with the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the first embodiment, the solid-state imaging device capable of expanding the dynamic range. Can be realized.
- an amplification type solid-state imaging device capable of dealing with various imaging situations is realized in the same manner as the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the first embodiment. can do.
- the shorter one of the first period and the second period can be set to a period longer than one horizontal period, so that a solid-state imaging device capable of setting the accumulation period with a high degree of freedom can be realized.
- sampling capacitors 810a and 810b are connected to the second vertical signal line 620 via the sampling transistors 800a and 800b.
- Each sampling voltage is used to store the signal voltage and the signal voltage in the second period.
- a plurality of sampling capacitors are connected to the second vertical signal line 620, and a plurality of sampling capacitors are used for storing the signal voltage in the first period and the signal voltage in the second period, respectively. Also good.
- three sampling capacitors 810a, 810b, and 810c are connected to the second vertical signal line 620 via sampling transistors 800a, 800b, and 800c.
- one or two A ring capacity may be used.
- the number of sampling capacitors used for storing the signal voltage in the first period and the number of sampling capacitors used for storing the signal voltage in the second period are optimized as follows. Is done.
- Equation (1) is derived to optimize the capacitance value Csp2.
- the left side is the gain for the signal for the first period multiplied by the first period
- the right side is the gain for the signal for the second period multiplied by the second period.
- the pulse generation circuit 1020 stores the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the first period in the sampling capacitors 810a and 810b, and the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the second period is sampled.
- the sampling capacitor is selected so as to be stored in the capacitor 810c, and the sampling capacitor is selected so that the signal voltages stored in the sampling capacitors 810a and 810b and the sampling capacitor 810c are read out separately to the horizontal signal line 570.
- the signals in the first period and the second period and the added signals are output as shown in FIG.
- the plurality of second vertical signal lines 620 are connected to one horizontal signal line 570 via the column selection transistor 650, respectively.
- the plurality of second vertical signal lines may be connected to the plurality of horizontal signal lines via column selection transistors, respectively.
- a plurality of second vertical signal lines 620 may be connected to two first horizontal signal lines 570a and second horizontal signal lines 570b through column selection transistors 650, respectively.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device operates in accordance with a drive timing chart as shown in FIG.
- the sampling capacitor 810a is connected to the first horizontal signal line 570a, and the sampling capacitor 810b is connected to the second horizontal signal line 570b in response to the application of the column selection pulse (k2) that sets CSEL2 (k) to the noise level. .
- the signal voltages accumulated in the sampling capacitors 810a and 810b are output separately without being added on the horizontal signal line.
- FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment.
- the same elements as those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment has a signal processing unit and a row selection circuit different from those of the solid-state imaging device of the second embodiment, and includes a signal processing unit 1500, a row selection circuit 1510, A logic circuit 1520 having a plurality of AND gates connected to the unit cells 500 in each row, a unit cell 500, an image area 510, a first vertical signal line 520, a load transistor group 540 and a column selection circuit 560, It consists of a signal line 570 and an output amplifier 580.
- the row selection circuit 1510 and the logic circuit 1520 constitute row selection means together with the vertical selection transistor 505, and select unit cells 500 separated by two or more rows in units of rows.
- the row selection circuit 1510 and the logic circuit 1520 constitute a read control unit, and control a period in which signal charges are accumulated in the photodiode 501. That is, in the first mode, the accumulation period is set to a first period shorter than one vertical scanning period and a second period shorter than the first period. In the second mode, one accumulation scanning period is set. An accumulation period is set for a third period. For example, the second period is a period longer than one horizontal period, and the first period is a period obtained by subtracting the second period from one vertical scanning period.
- FIG. 18 a circuit configuration diagram of the signal processing unit 1500 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 18, the same elements as those in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the signal processing unit 1500 includes sampling transistors 800a and 800b, sampling capacitors 810a and 810b, a sample hold transistor 600, a clamp capacitor 610, a second vertical signal line 620, a clamp transistor 640, and a column. It consists of a selection transistor 650, a pulse generation circuit 1620, and a horizontal signal line capacitor 230.
- the pulse generation circuit 1620 constitutes a capacity selection unit together with the sampling transistors 800a and 800b, and selects an arbitrary sampling capacity for storing a signal voltage from the sampling capacity 810a and 810b. That is, in the first mode, the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge stored in the first period is stored in the sampling capacitor 810a, and the signal voltage corresponding to the signal charge stored in the second period is stored in the sampling capacitor 810b. In the second mode, the sampling capacitor is selected so as to be accumulated in the third period, and the signal corresponding to the signal charge accumulated in the third period is selected. Select the sampling capacity so that the voltage is stored in one of the sampling capacity 810a and 810b. In addition, the pulse generation circuit 1620 selects the sampling capacity so that the signal voltages accumulated in the sampling capacitors 810a and 810b are read out separately to the horizontal signal line 570.
- n rows are odd rows and m rows are even rows.
- an output signal control pulse ODD that sets the ODD line that transmits a signal to the other input terminal of the AND gate connected to the unit cell 500 in the odd-numbered row to a noise level is supplied to the logic circuit 1520.
- the AND of the AND cell connected to the unit cell 500 in the nth row is 1, and the pulse supplied to one input terminal of the AND gate, that is, the row selection pulse (nl, m2) is applied to the vertical selection transistor 500 of the unit cell 500 in the nth row.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplification transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 is also the source follower circuit force of the first vertical signal line 520. Is output.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to a noise level is applied, and the source follower circuit force also holds the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 in the clamp capacitor 610.
- the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the high level is applied !, so the sampling capacitor 8 10a is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- one of the AND gates connected to the unit cells 500 in the n-th and m-th rows is a reset pulse (nl, m2) that sets the RESET (n) and RESET (m) lines to high level.
- a reset pulse (nl, m2) that sets the RESET (n) and RESET (m) lines to high level.
- ODD output signal control pulse
- RESET A reset pulse (nl, m2) for setting the (n) line to a high level is applied to the reset transistor 504 of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row.
- the reset transistor 504 is turned on, and the potential of the FD section 506 is reset.
- one of the AND gates connected to the unit cell 500 in the n-th row and the m-th row is a read pulse (nl, m 2) that sets the READ (n) line and READ (m) line to the high level.
- a read pulse (nl, m 2) that sets the READ (n) line and READ (m) line to the high level.
- the reading transistor 502 is turned on and transferred to the signal charge force FD unit 506 accumulated in the photodiode 501.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equivalent to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the low level is applied, the signal voltage of the first period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the low level and the read pulse (nl, m2) for setting the READ (n) line to the low level are applied.
- an output signal control pulse ODD that applies a low level to the ODD line is applied.
- the signal voltage of the first period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a is determined by checking the READ (n) line to read the signal voltage of the second period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row.
- Read pulse (n2, ml) is applied to make the READ (n) line a noise level in order to read the signal voltage in the first period of the unit cell 500 in the n-th row after applying the read pulse (n2, ml).
- nl, m2 signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501 until this time is applied
- an output signal control pulse EVEN that sets the EVEN line that transmits a signal to the other input terminal of the AND gate connected to the unit cells 500 in the even-numbered rows to a noise level is supplied to the logic circuit 1520.
- the AND of the AND cell connected to the unit cell 500 in the m-th row is 1, and the pulse supplied to one input terminal of the AND gate, that is, the row selection pulse (nl) that makes the LSET (m) line high. , M2) is applied to the vertical selection transistor 505 of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplifying transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 has the source follower circuit power as well as the first vertical signal line 520. Is output.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied, and the source follower circuit force also holds the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 in the clamp capacitor 610.
- the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the sampling capacitor 81 Ob is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a reset pulse (nl, m2) that sets the RESET (n) line and RESET (m) line to the high level is connected to the unit cell 500 in the n-th row and m-th row, respectively. It is supplied from the row selection circuit 1510 to the input terminal.
- the output signal control pulse EVEN that sets the EVEN line to the high level is supplied to the other input terminal of the AND gate, the logical product of the AND gate connected to the unit cell 500 in the m-th row becomes 1, and RESET A reset pulse (nl, m2) for bringing the (m) line to a high level is applied to the reset transistor 504 of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row.
- the reset transistor 504 is turned on, and the potential of the FD section 506 is reset.
- a clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied, and the second vertical signal line 620 enters a floating state.
- one of the AND gates connected to the unit cells 500 in the n-th row and the m-th row are read pulses (nl, m 2) for setting the READ (n) line and the READ (m) line to the high level. of Supplied to the input terminal.
- the output signal control pulse EVEN that sets the EVEN line to high level is supplied to the other input terminal of the AND gate, so the logical product of the AND gate connected to the unit cell 500 in the m-th row is 1.
- the read pulse (nl, m2) for setting the READ (m) line to the high level is applied to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row.
- the reading transistor 502 is turned on and transferred to the signal charge force FD unit 506 stored in the photodiode 501.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp transistor 640 is turned off, and the signal voltage in the second period of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row is applied to the sampling capacitor 8 10b. Accumulated.
- the capacitance selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the low level and the read pulse (nl, m2) for setting the READ (m) line to the low level are applied.
- the output signal control pulse EVEN is applied to make the EVEN line low.
- the signal voltage of the second period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b is set to READ (m) high level for reading the signal voltage of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row for the first period.
- Read pulse (n1, ml) is applied, and then the read pulse (nl) that sets the READ (m) line to the noise level for reading the signal voltage in the second period of the unit cell 500 in the m-th row , M2) corresponds to the signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501 until this time is applied.
- a column selection pulse (k) for setting the CSEL (k) line to a high level is applied, and the column selection transistor 650 in the kth column is turned on.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the noise level is applied, and the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a is output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- a capacitor selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the noise level is applied, and the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b is output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- the column selection pulse, the capacitance selection pulse A, and the capacitance selection pulse B are applied to all the column selection transistors 650.
- the LSET (n + l) line And the LSET (m + 1) line high-level row selection pulse (nl + 1, m2 + 1) is input to one of AND gates connected to unit cells 500 in the n + 1st row and m + 1st row, respectively. It is supplied from the row selection circuit 1510 to the terminal. At this time, n + 1 rows are even rows and m + 1 rows are odd rows.
- the output signal control pulse EVEN for setting the EVEN line to the high level is supplied to the other input terminal of the AND gate.
- the AND of the AND cell connected to the unit cell 500 in the n + first row is 1, and the row selection pulse (nl + l, m2 + 1) that sets the LSET (n + l) line to the noise level is the unit in the n + first row.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplification transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 has its source follower circuit power as well as the first vertical signal line 520. Is output.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied to the sample-and-hold transistor 600, and the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 as the source follower circuit force is also held in the clamp capacitor 610.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the high level is applied, the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the noise level is printed, the sampling capacitor 810a is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- a clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied to the clamp transistor 640, and the second vertical signal line 620 enters a floating state.
- a read pulse that sets the READ (n + 1) and READ (m + 1) lines to high level (nl + 1, m2 + 1) is supplied from the row selection circuit 1510 to one input terminal of the AND gate connected to the unit cells 500 in the n + 1st row and the m + 1st row.
- the output signal control pulse EVEN that sets the EVEN line to the non-level is supplied to the other input terminal of the AND gate, the logical product of the AND gate connected to the unit cell 500 in the (n + 1) th row is 1.
- READ pulse (nl + 1, m2 + l) that sets the (n + 1) line to the noise level is applied to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the (n + 1) th row.
- the read transistor 502 is turned on and transferred to the signal charge force FD unit 506 accumulated in the photodiode 501.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equal to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the signal voltage of the first period of the unit cell 500 in the (n + 1) th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a.
- the capacitance selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the low level and the reading pulse (nl + 1, m2 + l) for setting the READ (n + 1) line to the low level are marked.
- an output signal control pulse EVEN that makes the EVEN line low is applied.
- the signal voltage of the first period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a is set to READ (n + 1) line for reading the signal voltage of the second period of the unit cell 500 in the (n + 1) th row.
- the READ (n + 1) line is set high to read the signal voltage of the unit cell 500 in the n + 1 first row for the first period. This corresponds to the signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501 until the readout pulse (nl + l, m2 + l) to be bell is applied this time.
- an output signal control pulse ODD for setting the ODD line to the high level is supplied to the other input terminal of the AND gate.
- AND of AND gate connected to unit cell 500 in the first row is 1 and the row selection pulse (nl + l, m2 + 1) that sets the LSET (m + l) line to high level is the unit in the first row Applied to cell 500 vertical select transistor 505.
- the vertical selection transistor 505 is turned on, and a source follower circuit is formed by the amplification transistor 503 and the load transistor group 540, and the voltage following the power supply voltage of the unit cell 500 also has the source follower circuit power of the first vertical signal line. Output to 520.
- a sampling pulse for setting the SP line to the noise level is applied to the sample hold transistor 600, and the source follower circuit force also holds the voltage output to the first vertical signal line 520 in the clamp capacitor 610.
- the clamp pulse for setting the CP line to the noise level is applied to the clamp transistor 640, the second vertical signal line 620 side of the clamp capacitor 610 is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the capacitor selection pulse B that applies the SWB line to the high level is applied, the sampling capacitor 810b is reset to the potential of the CPDC line.
- the reset pulses (nl + 1, m2 + 1) that set the RESET (n + 1) and RESET (m + 1) lines to the high level are connected to the unit cells 500 in the n + 1 first row and m + 1 first row, respectively. Supplied to one input terminal of the AND gate. At this time, since the output signal control pulse ODD that sets the ODD line to the high level is supplied to the other input terminal of the logic gate, the logical product of the AND gate connected to the unit cell 500 in the (m + 1) th row is 1.
- the reset pulse (nl + 1, m2 + l) that sets the RESET (m + 1) line to the high level is generated by the reset transistor 504 in the unit cell 500 of the m + first row. The reset transistor 504 is turned on, and the potential of the FD unit 506 is reset.
- a clamp pulse for lowering the CP line is applied to the clamp transistor 640, and the second vertical signal line 620 enters a floating state.
- the read pulse (n 1 + 1, m2 + 1) that sets the READ (n + 1) and READ (m + 1) lines to the high level is the unit cell 500 in the n + 1 first row and the m + 1 first row, respectively.
- the signal is supplied from the row selection circuit 1510 to one input terminal of the connected AND gate.
- the output signal control pulse ODD that makes the ODD line low or high is supplied to the other input terminal of the logic gate, so the logical product of the AND gate connected to the unit cell 500 in the (m + 1) th row is 1.
- a read pulse (n 1 +1, m2 + 1) for setting the READ (m + 1) line to a high level is applied to the read transistor 502 of the unit cell 500 in the m + 1st row.
- the read transistor 502 is turned on and transferred to the signal charge force FD unit 506 stored in the photodiode 501.
- the gate voltage of the amplification transistor 503 connected to the FD unit 506 becomes the potential of the FD unit 506, and a voltage substantially equivalent to this voltage is output to the first vertical signal line 520.
- the clamp pulse that sets the CP line to low level is applied to the clamp transistor 640.
- the signal voltage for the second period of the unit cells 500 in the (m + 1) th row is accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b. Then, a capacitance selection pulse for setting the SWB line to the low level and a read pulse (nl + 1, m2 + l) for setting the READ (m + 1) line to the low level are applied. In addition, an output signal control pulse ODD that makes the ODD line low is applied.
- the signal voltage of the second period accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b is set to the READ (m + 1) line for reading the signal voltage of the unit cell 500 in the first line of m + 1 row.
- the READ (m + 1) line is read in order to read the signal voltage in the second period of the unit cell 500 in the m + 1 first row. This corresponds to the signal charge accumulated in the photodiode 501 until the read pulse (nl + 1, m2 + 1) to be leveled is applied this time.
- the column selection pulse (k) for setting the CSEL (k) line to the high level is applied, and the column selection transistor 650 in the k-th column is turned on.
- the capacitor selection pulse A for setting the SWA line to the noise level is applied, and the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810a is output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- a capacitor selection pulse B for setting the SWB line to the noise level is applied, and the signal voltage accumulated in the sampling capacitor 810b is output to the horizontal signal line 570.
- the column selection pulse, the capacitance selection pulse A, and the capacitance selection pulse B are applied to all the column selection transistors 650.
- the solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment similarly to the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the second embodiment, the solid-state imaging device capable of expanding the dynamic range. Can be realized.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment it is possible to set the accumulation period with a high degree of freedom, as in the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the second embodiment.
- a solid-state imaging device can be realized.
- signal voltages of different rows are read by providing logic circuit 1520 between row selection circuit 1510 and unit cell 500.
- the amplification type solid-state imaging device of the present embodiment can expand the dynamic range without increasing the chip area.
- the first period and the second period are controlled by controlling the timing of applying the read pulse in the first mode.
- the row selection circuit may apply the electronic shutter pulse at an arbitrary timing, and set the first period and the second period according to the timing at which the electronic shutter pulse is applied.
- the first period or the second period is a period from when the electronic shutter pulse is applied until the reading pulse is applied for accumulation of the signal voltage during the first period or the second period.
- the read pulse (n) is applied to accumulate the signal voltage in the first period after the electronic shutter pulse is applied. It is a period until it is done.
- the third period in the second mode can be reduced to one vertical scanning period or less by using an electronic shirt pulse.
- the capacitance selection pulse A and the capacitance selection pulse B are applied, and then the column selection pulse (k) and the column selection pulse (k + 1) lines are sequentially applied.
- the capacitor selection pulse A and the capacitor selection pulse B are also possible to apply the capacitor selection pulse A and the capacitor selection pulse B in sequence after applying the column selection pulse (k).
- the transistor and the capacitor may be configured, for example, as an N-type MOS transistor.
- the column selection transistor also has an N-type MOS transistor power, which has a lower on-resistance when selecting a column than a PMOS transistor, so that the gate size of the column selection transistor can be reduced. It is possible to reduce the influence of jump noise caused by the selection transistor.
- the N-type MOS transistor is used for the capacitance, the response characteristics can be increased.
- the present invention can be used for a solid-state imaging device, and in particular, for an image input element of a portable device such as a digital still camera.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/721,241 US8149308B2 (en) | 2005-01-06 | 2005-12-21 | Solid-state image pickup device |
EP05820155A EP1835733A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 | 2005-12-21 | Solid-state image pickup device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-001877 | 2005-01-06 | ||
JP2005001877A JP4485371B2 (ja) | 2005-01-06 | 2005-01-06 | 固体撮像装置 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006073057A1 true WO2006073057A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/023459 WO2006073057A1 (ja) | 2005-01-06 | 2005-12-21 | 固体撮像装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8149308B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1835733A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4485371B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070091104A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101099380A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200633195A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006073057A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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JP5374110B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-22 | 2013-12-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像センサ及び撮像装置 |
JP5250474B2 (ja) | 2009-04-28 | 2013-07-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
GB2504111A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2014-01-22 | Stfc Science & Technology | Image sensor device with external addressing and readout circuitry located along same edge of the sensor device |
CN105594197A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-05-18 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 摄像装置及摄像方法 |
KR101689665B1 (ko) | 2014-07-04 | 2016-12-26 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 이미지 센서, 이미지 센싱 방법, 그리고 이미지 센서를 포함하는 이미지 촬영 장치 |
JP6735515B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-08-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
US11082643B2 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-08-03 | Waymo Llc | Systems and methods for binning light detectors |
CN114205543A (zh) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-18 | 三星电子株式会社 | 图像传感器 |
KR20220082566A (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이미지 센서 |
Citations (2)
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JPH05145859A (ja) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-06-11 | Hitachi Ltd | 固体撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
JPH0955888A (ja) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-25 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像素子およびこれを用いた撮像装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
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JPH04313268A (ja) * | 1991-04-10 | 1992-11-05 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像装置 |
JP2988557B2 (ja) | 1992-09-25 | 1999-12-13 | 松下電子工業株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及びそれを用いたカメラ装置 |
WO1997017800A1 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-15 | California Institute Of Technology | An image sensor with high dynamic range linear output |
US6836291B1 (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2004-12-28 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Image pickup device with integral amplification |
JP3724188B2 (ja) | 1998-04-30 | 2005-12-07 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
JP3657780B2 (ja) * | 1998-06-30 | 2005-06-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 撮像装置 |
US6850278B1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2005-02-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Solid-state image pickup apparatus |
JP3634976B2 (ja) | 1999-03-11 | 2005-03-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体装置,その製造方法,高周波電力増幅装置および無線通信装置 |
JP2001245213A (ja) | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-07 | Nikon Corp | 撮像装置 |
JP3562649B1 (ja) | 2003-03-20 | 2004-09-08 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 固体撮像装置およびその駆動方法 |
JP5080794B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-17 | 2012-11-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | 固体撮像装置およびカメラ |
-
2005
- 2005-01-06 JP JP2005001877A patent/JP4485371B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-21 US US11/721,241 patent/US8149308B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-21 EP EP05820155A patent/EP1835733A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-21 KR KR1020077009066A patent/KR20070091104A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-12-21 CN CNA2005800460381A patent/CN101099380A/zh active Pending
- 2005-12-21 WO PCT/JP2005/023459 patent/WO2006073057A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-12-23 TW TW094146170A patent/TW200633195A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05145859A (ja) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-06-11 | Hitachi Ltd | 固体撮像装置およびその制御方法 |
JPH0955888A (ja) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-25 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像素子およびこれを用いた撮像装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090237538A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
EP1835733A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
TW200633195A (en) | 2006-09-16 |
CN101099380A (zh) | 2008-01-02 |
KR20070091104A (ko) | 2007-09-07 |
US8149308B2 (en) | 2012-04-03 |
JP2006191397A (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
JP4485371B2 (ja) | 2010-06-23 |
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