WO2006038362A1 - 反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとその製法 - Google Patents
反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとその製法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006038362A1 WO2006038362A1 PCT/JP2005/013312 JP2005013312W WO2006038362A1 WO 2006038362 A1 WO2006038362 A1 WO 2006038362A1 JP 2005013312 W JP2005013312 W JP 2005013312W WO 2006038362 A1 WO2006038362 A1 WO 2006038362A1
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- porous film
- polymer
- battery
- reactive
- crosslinkable
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention is useful for the production of a battery, and can provide a reactive polymer-supported porous film that can contribute to safety during use of the battery thus produced, and a battery using the same. Further, the present invention relates to a battery having a separator that can obtain such a reactive polymer-supported porous film force.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode are laminated with a separator for preventing a short circuit between them, or a positive (negative) electrode, a separator, a negative (positive) electrode, and Laminate the separators in this order, roll them to make an electrode / separator laminate, charge the electrode / separator laminate into the battery container, and then inject the electrolyte into the battery container and seal it.
- Methods are known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- a porous membrane for a battery separator has been produced, for example, by a method of stretching a molded sheet at a high magnification (see, for example, Patent Document 4). Therefore, a battery separator composed of such a porous membrane contracts significantly in a high temperature environment such as when the battery is abnormally heated due to an internal short circuit or the like, and in some cases, the separator itself melts and breaks the membrane. Therefore, there is a problem that it does not function as a partition between electrodes. [0006] Therefore, in order to improve the safety of the battery, it is important to improve both the heat resistance and the heat shrinkage rate of the battery separator in such a high temperature environment.
- Patent Documents in order to suppress thermal contraction of the battery separator in a high temperature environment, a method of manufacturing a porous film by a method that does not include a stretching process in the manufacturing process has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents). 5).
- this method has a problem that sufficient strength cannot be obtained because the porous membrane is not stretched.
- it is still possible to achieve both improvement in heat resistance and reduction in thermal shrinkage rate to prevent the separator from melting and breaking in a high temperature environment! /.
- a conventional lithium secondary battery using a polyethylene porous film as a separator is used in a high-temperature environment such as inside a notebook personal computer (hereinafter referred to as notebook PC) or in a car in summer.
- notebook PC notebook personal computer
- the initial performance is not necessarily maintained for a long time.
- a lithium secondary battery is used in a high-temperature environment such as 50 ° C to 90 ° C assumed inside a notebook PC or an automobile as described above, or left in a charged state for a long time.
- the porous film due to the internal tension and pressure of the electrode Z separator element, the porous film gradually deforms or deteriorates in acidity, and the air permeability of the porous film decreases (i.e., the Gurley value increases). In addition, the battery life is reduced. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for the development of a lithium secondary battery that can withstand use in a high temperature environment or leave it in a charged state, and maintain high battery characteristics. Yes.
- Patent Document 1 JP 09-161814 A
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-329439
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-172606
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-012756
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-310989
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in the production of a battery in which an electrode is bonded to a separator, and has sufficient adhesion between electrode Z separators.
- the battery itself does not melt or break at high temperatures.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a porous film carrying a reactive polymer useful as a battery separator that functions as a small separator, and further to a method for producing a battery using such a porous film carrying a reactive polymer. It is intended to provide.
- the present invention can be used in a high temperature environment such as 50 to 90 ° C assumed inside a notebook PC or in a car in summer, or left in a charged state for a long time. Even in such a case, the object is to provide a lithium secondary battery with a long battery life that maintains excellent battery characteristics.
- a probe having a diameter of 1 mm is placed on a porous film under a load of 70 g using a probe probe thermomechanical analyzer, and the temperature is increased from room temperature at a rate of 2 ° CZ.
- the thickness of the porous film is measured while heating the porous film. At this time, the temperature when the thickness of the porous film becomes 1Z2 of the thickness when the probe is mounted is 200 ° C or higher.
- the porous film is a porous film with a reactive group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group and a crosslinkable monomer having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule.
- a crosslinkable polymer obtained by copolymerizing a crosslinkable monomer is reacted with a polyfunctional isocyanate, and a partially crosslinked polymer is supported on a substrate porous film. That the reactive polymer-supported porous film for separator over motor battery is provided.
- the base porous film is preferably a polyolefin resin comprising a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000 and a crosslinkable rubber having a double bond in the molecular chain. It also has a composition strength and is formed by crosslinking the crosslinkable rubber.
- a reactive polymer-supported porous film for a battery separator according to the present invention comprises a crosslinkable monomer and isocyanate having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule.
- a crosslinkable polymer obtained by copolymerizing a crosslinkable monomer having a reactive group capable of reacting with a group is reacted with a polyfunctional isocyanate to partially crosslink to form a reactive polymer, which is used as a porous substrate.
- the base porous film is preferably a crosslinkable rubber having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000 polyolefin resin and a double bond in the molecular chain. And a cross-linked rubber.
- an electrode is laminated on such a reactive polymer-supported porous film to form an electrode Z-reactive polymer-supported porous film laminate, which is charged into a battery container, and then a thione polymerization catalyst is used. Injecting the electrolyte solution into the battery container, at least a part of the reactive polymer swells in the electrolyte solution or elutes into the electrolyte solution at least in the vicinity of the interface between the porous film and the electrode. Then, the reactive group remaining in the reactive polymer, that is, at least one reactive group selected from 3-oxetanyl group and epoxy group is cationically polymerized, and the reactive polymer is further cross-linked. By at least partially gelling, the porous film and the electrode can be firmly bonded to obtain an electrode Z porous film (separator) joined body.
- the electrode Z-reactive polymer-supported porous film laminate is contained in the electrolyte solution.
- the electrode is immersed in the electrode, the elution and diffusion of the reactive polymer from the electrode z reactive polymer-supported porous film laminate into the electrolyte is suppressed, and the reactive polymer swells, resulting in a small amount of reactivity.
- the electrode can be adhered to a porous film (separator), and the porous film has excellent on-permeability and functions well as a separator.
- the reactive polymer is not excessively dissolved and diffused in the electrolytic solution, and does not adversely affect the electrolytic solution.
- the porous film in the reactive polymer-supported porous film is preferably in a molecular chain with a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000. It is made of a polyolefin resin composition with a crosslinkable rubber having a double bond, and is formed by crosslinking the above crosslinkable rubber and has a heat resistant temperature of 200 ° C or higher. As such, it can function as a separator having a low heat shrinkage even at a high temperature by using the porous film that carries the reactive polymer according to the present invention. A battery with excellent safety can be obtained.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention has a separator capable of obtaining the reactive polymer-supported porous film force as described above.
- the electrode is formed as described above. Because it has a body, it is close to 90 ° C! It can withstand use, storage and charging in high temperature environments, and maintain high battery characteristics.
- the reactive polymer-supported porous film for a battery separator according to the present invention is mounted on a porous film with a probe having a diameter of 1 mm under a load of 70 g using a probe probe thermomechanical analyzer.
- a probe probe thermomechanical analyzer When the porous film is heated at a room temperature force heating rate of 2 ° CZ, its thickness is measured, and when the thickness of the porous film becomes 1Z2 of the thickness when the probe is mounted
- the base porous film preferably comprises a polyolefin resin composition comprising a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000 and a crosslinkable rubber having a double bond in the molecular chain. It is obtained by crosslinking a crosslinkable rubber.
- the porous substrate film having the above-described thermal characteristics has at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetal group and an epoxy group in the molecule.
- a crosslinkable polymer obtained by copolymerizing a radical polymerizable monomer having a reactive group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group and a multifunctional isocyanate supported on a porous substrate film Therefore, the crosslinkable polymer is Reacting with the above polyfunctional isocyanate and partially cross-linking to form a reactive polymer, forcibly forming a reactive polymer-supported porous film for a battery separator, and this porous film is a battery as described later. If this is functioned as a separator, the ceno-router does not melt or break easily even at high temperatures, maintains its thickness, and well prevents short-circuiting between electrodes with low thermal shrinkage. The safety of the battery can be improved.
- the temperature of the porous film when the thickness of the porous film continues to decrease and reaches the initial thickness of 1Z2 is defined as the heat resistant temperature of the porous film. If this heat-resistant temperature is high, the porous film can maintain its thickness without melting and rupturing up to a higher temperature. Therefore, by using such a porous film as a separator, A battery with excellent safety under the environment can be obtained.
- the substrate porous film is not particularly limited as long as it has solvent resistance and oxidation-reduction resistance in addition to the thermal characteristics described above, for example, polyethylene, A porous film having a strength such as polyolefin resin such as polypropylene and polybutylene, polyamide, cellulose acetate, polyacrylonitrile and the like can be used.
- a polyolefin resin comprising a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more and a crosslinkable rubber having a double bond in the molecular chain.
- a porous film obtained by crosslinking the crosslinkable rubber is preferably used because of its compositional strength.
- the polyolefin resin composition may have a weight average molecular weight of less than 500,000, if necessary, and may include polyolefin resin or thermoplastic elastomer!
- Examples of the polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. These polyolefin resins may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. However, according to the present invention, among these, an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene resin having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more is preferably used because the resulting porous film has high strength.
- the crosslinkable rubber is preferably a gen-based polymer having a double bond in the molecular chain, such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polynorbornene, ethylene propylene terpolymer terpolymer.
- polynorbornene can be obtained as a commercial product as Nasolex NB manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- dicyclopentagen ethylidene norbornene, hexagen, etc.
- ethylidene norbornene is preferably used from the viewpoint of crosslinking reactivity.
- the terpolymer having ethylidene norbornene as a constituent component is excellent in cross-linking reactivity, and the heat resistance of the resulting porous film can be improved more reliably.
- a terpolymer having ethylidene norbornene as a constituent component has an alicyclic structure derived from a gen monomer and a double bond, but a part of the double bond is used.
- a hydrogenated product can also be used.
- These ternary copolymers may be any of random copolymers, block copolymers, graft copolymers and the like. Such ternary copolymers are marketed as various EPDMs.
- the proportion of the monomer monomer component in the ternary copolymer is preferably 3% by weight or more based on the total weight of ethylene, propylene and gen monomer. A range of 4 to 20% by weight is particularly preferred.
- the proportion of ethylene Z propylene Z-gen monomer component is 0.5 to 0.75 / weight ratio.
- a terpolymer of 0.05 to 0.47 / 0.03 to 0.2 is preferably used.
- polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of less than 500,000 examples include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and modified polyolefin resins such as an ethylene acrylic monomer copolymer and an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer.
- thermoplastic elastomers include thermoplastic elastomers such as polystyrene, polyolefin, polygen, chlorinated butyl, and polyester. These polyolefin resins and thermoplastic elastomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of the above thermoplastic elastomers, those having a double bond in the molecule can also be used as the crosslinkable rubber.
- the polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of less than 500,000 includes, among these, a polyethylene resin having a low melting point, a polyolefin elastomer having crystallinity, a melting temperature, among others.
- the graft copolymer having a polymethacrylic acid ester in the side chain is preferable because it has a low shutdown temperature.
- the base porous film includes a polyolefin resin comprising a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more and a crosslinkable rubber having a double bond in the molecular chain.
- the strength of the composition, and the force obtained by crosslinking the crosslinkable rubber is preferably used.
- the proportion of the polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more is the composition of the polyolefin resin composition.
- the range of 5 to 95% by weight in the polyolefin resin composition is preferable, and the range of 10 to 90% by weight is particularly preferable.
- the proportion of the crosslinkable rubber is 3% by weight or more, and particularly preferably in the range of 5 to 35% by weight.
- the polyolefin resin composition for producing the porous film is made of a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of less than 500,000 as required.
- the proportion of polyolefin resin In the composition is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by weight.
- a polyolefin resin composition composed of a polyolefin resin having a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000 as described above and a crosslinkable rubber having a double bond in the molecular chain, and the crosslinking rubber is crosslinked.
- the production of the porous film will be described.
- Such a porous film is obtained by forming a film by an appropriate method such as a conventionally known dry film forming method or wet film forming method, and then crosslinking the crosslinkable rubber in the film. I can do it.
- the polyolefin resin composition is mixed with a solvent, kneaded and heated and melted to form a slurry-like kneaded product, which is then formed into a sheet using appropriate means.
- a porous film can be obtained by rolling the sheet, further stretching it uniaxially or biaxially to obtain a film, and extracting and removing this film force solvent.
- the crosslinkable rubber can be crosslinked to give the porous film the required heat resistance.
- examples of the solvent for obtaining the slurry-like kneaded product include aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons such as nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, decalin, liquid paraffin, and the like. Mineral oil fractions having boiling points corresponding to these solvents are used, and among these, non-volatile solvents containing a large amount of alicyclic hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin are preferably used.
- the proportion of the polyolefin resin composition in the slurry kneaded material is preferably 5 to 30% by weight, more preferably 10 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 10 to 25% by weight. . That is, the proportion of the polyolefin resin composition in the slurry-like kneaded product is preferably 5% by weight or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the resulting porous film, while the weight average molecular weight is 500,000 or more. It is preferably 30% by weight or less so that the resin can be sufficiently dissolved in a solvent and kneaded to near the stretched state, and sufficient entanglement of the polymer chain can be obtained.
- additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, nucleating agents, pigments, antistatic agents and the like are blended in the kneaded material as necessary within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention. be able to.
- any conventionally known method can be used.
- the polyolefin resin composition and the solvent are kneaded batch-wise using a banner mixer, a kneader, etc., and the resulting kneaded material is rolled between a pair of cooled rolls, or
- the sheet may be sandwiched between a pair of cooled metal plates and cooled to form a sheet by rapid crystallization, or may be formed into a sheet using an extruder or the like equipped with a T die or the like.
- the kneading temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 100 to 200 ° C.
- the thickness of the sheet thus obtained is not particularly limited! However, usually the range of 3 to 20 mm is preferred. Further, the obtained sheet is rolled using a heat press or the like. Thus, the thickness may be 0.5 to 3 mm. This rolling is usually preferably performed at a temperature of 100 to 140 ° C. In order to stretch the obtained sheet, it is not particularly limited, but the usual tenter method, roll method, inflation method or a combination of these methods may be used. Any method such as biaxial stretching can be employed. In the case of biaxial stretching, both longitudinal and transverse simultaneous stretching or sequential stretching may be used. The temperature of the stretching treatment is preferably in the range of 100 to 140 ° C.
- the solvent removal treatment is a treatment for removing the solvent from the sheet to form a porous structure, and can be performed, for example, by washing the sheet with a solvent and removing the remaining solvent.
- Solvents include hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, decane, methylene chloride
- Chlorinated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride, fluorinated hydrocarbons such as tantalum trifluoride, ethers such as ethyl ether and dioxane, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, etc.
- ethers such as ethyl ether and dioxane
- alcohols such as methanol and ethanol
- ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone
- this heat treatment may be a single-stage heat treatment in which the porous film is heated once, or may be a multi-stage heat treatment in which the porous film is first heated at a relatively low temperature and then heated at a higher temperature. Also many A temperature raising type heat treatment that heats the porous film while raising the temperature may be used. However, it is desirable that this heat treatment be performed so as not to impair the desirable characteristics inherent in the porous film, such as air permeability.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the range of a force of 40 to 140 ° C depending on the composition of the porous film.
- the crosslinkable rubber in the porous film can also be cross-linked. Since heat resistance is gradually improved, heat treatment can be performed without impairing desirable properties inherent in the porous film such as air permeability by heating, and the required heat treatment can be performed in a short time.
- the first heating temperature is a force depending on the composition of the porous film, preferably in the range of 40 to 90 ° C
- the second heating temperature is the composition of the porous film.
- it is preferably in the range of 90 to 140 ° C.
- the crosslinkable rubber in the porous film is cross-linked in order to increase the heat resistance of the obtained porous film in or before and after the heat treatment step.
- the heat resistance (film resistance) at a high temperature of the resulting porous film can be remarkably improved.
- the porous film is heated in the presence of oxygen, ozone, oxygen compound, etc., and the crosslinkable rubber is subjected to a crosslinking reaction.
- oxygen for example, by heating the porous film in the air or by irradiating with ultraviolet rays or electron beams.
- a conventionally known peracid compound can be used in combination to promote the intended crosslinking reaction.
- a plurality of crosslinking methods may be used in combination.
- hydroxyl groups (one OH) are confirmed to be absorbed, and it is confirmed that polar groups such as hydroxyl groups, ester groups, and carboxyl groups are also generated by heat treatment.
- the glass transition temperature is greatly increased by the disappearance of the carbon-carbon double bond of the crosslinkable rubber and the conversion to a carbon-carbon single bond (CC).
- the glass transition temperature of polynorbornene is 35 ° C. If a carbon-carbon double bond is hydrogenated and converted into a carbon-carbon single bond, the glass transition temperature is 110 ° C. Yes.
- the reason why the glass transition temperature is increased due to the conversion of the carbon-carbon double bond to the carbon-carbon single bond is because it has an aliphatic ring in its main chain, and such a glass has high heat resistance. It is speculated that the rise in transition temperature is also a major factor.
- the porous substrate film functions as a separator after the battery is manufactured, a film with a film thickness in the range of 3 to 60 ⁇ m is particularly preferable. It should be in the range of ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness is less than 3 m, the strength is insufficient, which may cause an internal short circuit when used as a separator in a battery.
- the substrate porous film has pores having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 5 / ⁇ ⁇ , and its porosity is preferably in the range of 20 to 80%, particularly 25 to 75%.
- the power of being in range is good.
- the base material is porous
- the film should have an air permeability determined in accordance with JIS P 8117 in the range of 100 to 1000 seconds ZlOOcc, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 900 seconds / lOOcc.
- the reactive polymer-supported porous film for a battery separator according to the present invention includes a radical polymerizable monomer having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule.
- a reactive polymer obtained by reacting a crosslinkable polymer obtained by copolymerizing a radically polymerizable monomer having a reactive group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group with a polyfunctional isocyanate and partially crosslinking the polymer is described above.
- Such a substrate is supported on a porous film.
- an isocyanate reactive group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group of the crosslinkable polymer obtained by the copolymerization with a polyfunctional isocyanate.
- the reactive polymer is partially crosslinked to form a reactive polymer, and this is supported on a porous substrate film to form a reactive polymer-supported porous film for battery separators.
- the isocyanate reactive group is not particularly limited as long as it is a functional group having an active hydrogen that can react with the isocyanate group. Examples include a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, an imino group, a urethane group, and a urea group. Among them, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group is preferable.
- the crosslinkable polymer is a radical polymerization having a radical polymerizable monomer having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group and an isocyanate reactive group in the molecule. This can be obtained by radical copolymerization of the functional monomer using a radical polymerization initiator.
- a radical polymerizable monomer having an isocyanate reactive group is used.
- Isocyanate-reactive group-containing radical polymerizable monomer is used in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of the total amount of monomers.
- the resulting cross-linkable polymer was reacted with a polyfunctional isocyanate to partially cross-link the cross-linkable polymer.
- the resulting crosslinkable polymer having a high crosslink density becomes dense and is difficult to swell sufficiently in the electrolytic solution, so that a battery having excellent characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the above-mentioned isocyanate-reactive group-containing radical polymerizable monomers are all monomers.
- the amount is less than 0.1% by weight, elution and diffusion of the reactive polymer obtained by partially crosslinking the crosslinkable polymer into the electrolytic solution is not sufficiently suppressed, and most of the reactive polymer is present. Because it elutes and diffuses in the electrolyte, it is not possible to obtain sufficient adhesion between the porous film and the electrode, and it is impossible to obtain a battery with excellent characteristics!
- examples of the isocyanate-reactive group-containing radical polymerizable monomer include carboxyl group-containing radical copolymerizable monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and the like.
- carboxyl group-containing radical copolymerizable monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and the like.
- —Hydroxyl group content such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate
- radical copolymerizable monomers in particular hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates.
- (meta) acrylate refers to acrylate or (meth) acrylate.
- an electrode is laminated on such a reactive polymer-supported porous film to form an electrode Z porous film laminate, which is an electrolytic solution containing a cationic polymerization catalyst, preferably a cationic polymerization catalyst. So that at least a part of the reactive polymer supported on the porous film is swollen in the electrolytic solution or eluted and diffused in the electrolytic solution to be reactive.
- the polymer is further cross-linked by cationic polymerization of the 3-oxetal group or epoxy group it contains, and the electrolyte is gelled in the vicinity of the interface between the porous film and the electrode, thereby bonding the electrode and the porous film.
- a crosslinkable polymer having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule is copolymerized with a crosslinkable monomer having an isocyanate reactive group.
- a crosslinkable monomer having an isocyanate reactive group in obtaining the cross-linked polymer, 3 Okiseta - Le group-containing radically polymerizable monomer and Z or epoxy group-containing radical-polymerizable monomer, 5 to 50 wt 0/0 of the total amount thereof total amount of monomers, preferably And 10 to 30% by weight.
- the radically polymerizable monomer containing a 3-oxetal group is 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight of the total amount of monomers.
- the epoxy group-containing radical polymerizable monomer It is used in the range of 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight of the monomer amount.
- the 3-oxetal group-containing radical polymerizable monomer and an epoxy group-containing radical polymerizable monomer are also used.
- the total amount of monomers is in the range of 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight of the total amount of monomers.
- the radically polymerizable monomer containing 3-oxetal group and the radically polymerizable monomer containing epoxy group are used so that it is 90% by weight or less.
- the total amount of the 3-oxetal group-containing radical polymerizable monomer and the epoxy group-containing radical polymerizable monomer is equal to the total monomer amount.
- the amount is less than 5% by weight, as described above, the amount of the crosslinkable polymer required for the gel of the electrolytic solution is increased, so that the performance of the obtained battery is deteriorated.
- it is more than 50% by weight, the retention property of the electrolyte solution of the formed gel is lowered, and the adhesiveness of the electrode Z separator in the obtained battery is lowered.
- 3-oxetal group-containing (meth) acrylate is preferably used as the 3-oxetanyl group-containing radical polymerizable monomer.
- specific examples of such (ox) tal group-containing (meth) acrylates include, for example, 3- (oxetalmethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-methyl-3-oxetalmethyl (meth) acrylate, 3—Ethyl—3-oxetalmethyl (meth) atarylate, 3—butyl—3-oxetal methyl
- an epoxy group-containing (meth) acrylate is preferably used as the epoxy group-containing radical polymerizable monomer.
- Specific examples of such an epoxy group-containing (meth) acrylate include, for example, 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the like. it can. These (meth) acrylates are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- radical polymerizable monomers in addition to the 3-oxetal group-containing radical polymerizable monomer and / or the epoxy group-containing radical polymerizable monomer, other radical polymerizable monomers are required. Depending on the case, it may be copolymerized.
- radical polymerizable monomers (meth) acrylate and vinyl
- (meth) acrylate include, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2, 2, 2-trifluoro Examples include chill (meth) acrylate and 2, 2, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropyl (meth) acrylate.
- Specific examples of the bull ester include, for example, bull acetate, bull propionate and the like.
- a crosslinkable monomer having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule and a crosslinkable monomer having an isocyanate reactive group are present in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator.
- the radical copolymerization may be performed by any polymerization method such as solution polymerization, bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, etc., but it is easy to polymerize, adjust molecular weight, post-treatment, etc. Preference is given to suspension polymerization.
- the radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include N, N′-azobisisobutyro-tolyl, dimethyl N, N, azobis (2-methylpropionate), benzoyl peroxide, and lauroyl. Peroxide or the like is used.
- a molecular weight modifier such as mercabtan can be used as necessary.
- the crosslinkable polymer preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the crosslinkable polymer is less than 10,000, a large amount of the crosslinkable polymer is required to gel the electrolyte solution, so that the characteristics of the obtained battery are deteriorated.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight of the crosslinkable polymer is not particularly limited, but is about 3 million, and preferably about 2500,000 so that the electrolytic solution can be held as a gel.
- the crosslinkable polymer preferably has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 100,000 to 2 million.
- Crosslinkable polymers having at least one reactive group selected from a 3-oxetanyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule as described above are disclosed in JP-A-2001-176555 and JP-A-2002-1110245. As described in the publication, it is already known.
- the polyfunctional isocyanate for partially crosslinking the crosslinkable polymer is not particularly limited.
- phenolic diisocyanate phenolic diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate.
- cyanate diphenylmethane diisocyanate, diphenyl ether diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, cyclohexane diisocyanate, triphenol-methane triisocyanate, tris (phenylisocyanate) thiophosphate, etc.
- Aromatic, araliphatic, alicyclic, aliphatic polyfunctional isocyanates, etc., and the ability to use dimerized isocyanates of these isocyanates Isocyanates obtained by adding polyols such as trimethylolpropane to diisocyanates Adduct bodies are also preferably used.
- the reactive polymer-supported porous film for a battery separator according to the present invention is obtained by reacting the crosslinkable polymer with a polyfunctional isocyanate compound as described above, and partially crosslinking it.
- a reactive polymer which is supported on a porous film.
- the crosslinkable polymer is polyfunctional in an appropriate solvent such as acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and toluene.
- means and method for supporting a reactive polymer obtained by partially crosslinking a crosslinkable polymer with a polyfunctional isocyanate compound on a substrate porous film is limited to the above examples.
- a solution of a crosslinkable polymer is applied to a porous film and dried, and then a solution of a polyfunctional isocyanate compound is applied to the porous film, impregnated, dried, and then dried. You may heat to appropriate temperature.
- a solution containing a crosslinkable polymer may be applied to a peelable sheet, dried, transferred to a porous substrate film, and then heated to an appropriate temperature.
- the reactive polymer when the reactive polymer is supported on the base porous film, the reactive polymer may be supported on both sides of the base porous film or on one side. When the reactive polymer is supported only on one side of the quality film, it will be described later.
- the reactive film In order to prevent the deterioration of the battery characteristics in such a high temperature environment by suppressing the deterioration of the acidity of the porous film (separator) due to the use of the battery in a high temperature environment or leaving it in a charged state.
- it is important that the reactive film is supported on at least the surface of the porous film facing the positive electrode.
- Whether or not the discharge characteristics remain high even if the battery is left in a high temperature environment for a long time in a charged state is evaluated, for example, by comparing its discharge capacity before and after storage of the battery in a high temperature environment. If a severer environment is assumed, it can be said that it is desirable to evaluate by comparing the discharge capacity before and after storage in a high temperature environment of 70 ° C or higher. Thus, it is desirable that the discharge capacity after storing the battery in a high temperature environment is large even if the discharge rate is high, but if the discharge capacity at the rate of 1 C mA can be kept high, it will be practical. Can be said to be sufficient.
- deterioration of the material constituting the battery for example, carbonization such as polyethylene, for example.
- the deterioration of the conventional separator which is a porous film force obtained by forming a hydrogen-based polymer, is caused by selective oxidation of the separator surface facing the positive electrode, particularly the electrode Z separator interface. It seems to be related.
- Such deterioration of the separator surface facing the positive electrode side is confirmed, for example, by the color of the surface being changed to brown, and the color change of the separator surface to brown constitutes the separator. This is probably because hydrogen atoms were extracted from carbon atoms in the polymer chain of the hydrocarbon polymer, resulting in the formation of conjugated double bonds in the polymer chain.
- one cause of the deterioration of the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery in a high temperature environment is, for example, the case of a separator made of a porous film obtained by forming a hydrocarbon polymer such as polyethylene. Therefore, if it is possible to suppress such deterioration of the separator at the positive electrode Z separator interface, the battery can be used in a high temperature environment or under a high temperature environment. Even if stored for a long period of time, it is expected that the deterioration of charge / discharge characteristics can be suppressed.
- the reactive polymer-supported porous film according to the present invention when used as a separator, the reactive polymer supported on the substrate porous film is interposed at the positive electrode Z separator interface, and faces the positive electrode. It is considered possible to suppress the deterioration of acidity on the separator surface.
- the reactive polymer is supported on the porous film so as to face at least the positive electrode, and this is used as a separator, whereby the separator surface facing the positive electrode is colored or conjugated with a carbon-conjugated double bond. No formation was observed, and almost no decrease in the permeability of the separator was observed.
- the reactive polymer is supported on the porous film so as to face at least the positive electrode, and by using this as the separator, it is possible to effectively prevent the deterioration of the acidity of the separator. .
- the reactive polymer obtained by partially crosslinking the crosslinkable polymer in this way has a gel fraction in the range of 5 to 80%.
- the gel fraction in the present invention is that the crosslinkable polymer Z polyfunctional isocyanate compound mixture (A + B) parts by weight of the crosslinkable polymer A and polyfunctional isocyanate compound B in the porous film. And react to form a reactive polymer by partially crosslinking the crosslinkable polymer, and then the porous film carrying the reactive polymer in this manner is put into ethyl acetate at a temperature of 23 ° C. The film remains on the porous film after being immersed for a day and then dried. The value defined as (CZ (A + B)) xlOO (%), where C parts by weight is the responsive polymer.
- the isocyanate group possessed by the polyfunctional isocyanate compound is 0.01 to 5.0 mole parts, preferably 0,1 mole part of the isocyanate reactive group possessed by the crosslinkable polymer. It is obtained by mixing a crosslinkable polymer and a polyfunctional isocyanate in an appropriate solvent so as to be in a range of 05 to 3.0 parts, preferably applying to a porous substrate film, drying and then heating. It can be obtained by allowing the crosslinkable polymer to undergo a cross-linking reaction until the reactive polymer is characteristically stable.
- the heat-curing temperature and the time required for it depend on the crosslinkable polymer and polyfunctional isocyanate used, but these reaction conditions can be determined by experiments. Usually, when heated and reacted at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 48 hours, the crosslinking reaction is completed, and a reactive polymer having the above gel fraction and stable in characteristics can be obtained.
- the gel fraction of the reactive polymer is less than 5%, an electrode is pressure-bonded to a porous film supporting such a reactive polymer to form an electrode Z porous film laminate.
- the resin is immersed in the electrolyte, most of the reactive polymer elutes and diffuses in the electrolyte, and even if the reactive polymer is further cationically polymerized and crosslinked, effective adhesion between the electrode and the porous film is achieved. Can't get.
- the gel fraction of the reactive polymer is more than 80%, an electrode Z porous film laminate is obtained, and when this is immersed in an electrolyte, the reactive polymer swellability is low.
- a battery having a porous film joined body has a high internal resistance, which is not preferable for battery characteristics.
- the gel fraction of the reactive polymer is preferably in the range of 10-60%, most preferably in the range of 10-40%.
- a reaction product obtained by reacting a cross-linkable polymer with a polyfunctional isocyanate to react and crosslink a part thereof, that is, a reactive polymer is added to an electrolyte solution. Even when immersed, elution and diffusion into the electrolyte are suppressed. Therefore, a reactive polymer having a gel fraction of 5 to 80% is supported on the porous film. If an electrode is laminated on this to form an electrode Z porous film laminate, and this is charged into a battery container, an electrolyte containing an electrolyte containing a cationic polymerization catalyst is injected into the battery container.
- the reactive polymer in the electrode Z porous film laminate is swollen in the electrolytic solution, or is dissolved in the electrolytic solution, and the cationic polymerizable functional group.
- the cationic polymerization catalyst in the electrolytic solution preferably further cationic polymerization with an electrolyte that also serves as the cationic polymerization catalyst, gels the electrolytic solution, and firmly adheres the electrode to the porous film with good adhesion.
- an electrode z porous film that is, a separator in the obtained battery
- the reactive polymer is stable in the absence of a cationic polymerization catalyst, and does not react or crosslink. Even when stored for a long period of time, it does not deteriorate.
- an electrode is laminated on such a reactive polymer-supported porous film to form an electrode z porous film laminate, which includes a cationic polymerization catalyst.
- At least a part of the cross-linkable polymer, that is, the reactive polymer on the porous film is immersed in an electrolytic solution, preferably an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte that also serves as a cationic polymerization catalyst.
- the reactive polymer is further cross-linked by cation polymerization of the remaining reactive groups, and the electrolyte solution is gelled in the vicinity of the interface between the porous film and the electrode. Adhere the electrode and the porous film by letting it go.
- the reactive polymer-supported porous film according to the present invention functions as a separator after being incorporated in a battery, and the porous film (separator) according to the present invention has an area even under high temperature.
- the heat shrinkage rate is usually small, 25% or less, preferably 20% or less.
- an electrode is laminated on the above-mentioned reactive polymer-supported porous film or wound to obtain an electrode Z-reactive polymer-supported porous film laminate, and then this laminate is used as a metal can or laminate film.
- this is performed, and then an electrolytic solution in which the cationic polymerization catalyst is dissolved is placed in the battery container. A fixed amount is injected, the battery container is sealed and sealed, and the reactive polymer supported on the reactive polymer-supported porous film is at least partially in the vicinity of the interface between the porous film and the electrode.
- a battery can be obtained in which the electrode is firmly bonded to the separator.
- the reactive polymer is obtained by gelling the electrolytic solution at least in the vicinity of the interface between the porous film and the electrode by crosslinking the reactive group by cationic polymerization. It functions to bond the porous film.
- the reactive polymer may be cationically polymerized and crosslinked at room temperature, depending on its structure, the amount supported on the porous film, and the type and amount of the cation polymerization catalyst. it can.
- cationic polymerization can also be promoted by heating. In this case, although it depends on the heat resistance and productivity of the material constituting the battery, it is usually sufficient to heat at a temperature of about 40 to 100 ° C. for about 0.5 to 24 hours.
- the electrolyte may be injected into the battery container and then left at room temperature for several hours. .
- the electrode Z-reactive polymer-supported porous film laminate is not limited as long as the electrode is laminated on the reactive polymer-supporting porous film.
- the negative electrode is not limited as long as the electrode is laminated on the reactive polymer-supporting porous film.
- the negative electrode is not limited as long as the electrode is laminated on the reactive polymer-supporting porous film.
- the negative electrode is not limited as long as the electrode is laminated on the reactive polymer-supporting porous film.
- the negative electrode Z reactive polymer-supported porous film laminate for example, the negative electrode
- the electrolytic solution is a solution obtained by dissolving an electrolyte salt in an appropriate solvent.
- the electrolyte salt include alkaline metals such as hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and strontium, and tertiary or quaternary ammonium salts as cation components.
- Hydrochloric acid nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, borohydrofluoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hexafluorophosphoric acid, inorganic acids such as perchloric acid, organic acids such as carboxylic acid, organic sulfonic acid, or fluorine-substituted organic sulfonic acid.
- -A salt as an ON component can be used. Among these, especially
- An electrolyte salt containing an alkali metal ion as a cation component is preferably used.
- the electrolyte salt having such an alkali metal ion as a cation component include, for example, lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate such as lithium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, tetra Lithium fluoroborate, sodium tetrafluoroborate, alkali metal tetrafluoroborate such as potassium tetrafluoroborate, alkali metal hexafluorophosphate such as lithium hexafluorophosphate, potassium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoroacetate
- alkali metal trifluoroacetates such as alkali metal trifluoromethanesulfonates such as lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
- lithium hexafluorophosphate lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, or the like is preferably used. It is done.
- Non-aqueous solvent includes ethylene carbonate, Cyclic esters such as propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, and y-butyl latatatone, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane, and chain esters such as dimethyl carbonate, jetyl carbonate, and ethylmethyl carbonate alone or It can be used as a mixture of two or more.
- the electrolyte salt is appropriately determined according to the type and amount of the solvent to be used. Usually, an amount of 1 to 50% by weight in the obtained gel electrolyte is used.
- an onium salt is preferably used as the cationic polymerization catalyst.
- such salts include cation components such as ammonium salts, phospho- um salts, arso-um salts, stibo-um salts, and ododonium salts, and tetrafluoroborates.
- cation components such as ammonium salts, phospho- um salts, arso-um salts, stibo-um salts, and ododonium salts, and tetrafluoroborates.
- examples of such salts include acid salts, hexafluorophosphates, trifluoromethanesulfonates, peronates and other ion components.
- lithium tetrafluoroborate and lithium hexafluorophosphate also function as a cationic polymerization catalyst. It is preferably used as a combination. In this case, either lithium tetrafluoroborate or lithium hexafluorophosphate may be used alone, or both may be used in combination.
- lithium tetrafluoroborate or lithium hexafluorophosphate may be used alone, or both may be used in combination.
- Norbornene ring-opening polymer powder (Neonsolex NB manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 2 million or more) 8% by weight, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE8 24 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 12% by weight and 16 parts by weight of polyethylene sachet composed of 80% by weight of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with a weight average molecular weight of 3.5 million and 84 parts by weight of liquid paraffin are mixed in a slurry form and 160 ° Dissolved and kneaded at a temperature of C for about 1 hour.
- the obtained kneaded material was sandwiched between metal plates cooled to 0 ° C., and rapidly cooled to form a sheet.
- this sheet was heat-pressed at a temperature of 115 ° C. until the thickness became 0.5 mm. Further, the sheet was biaxially stretched 4.5 ⁇ 4.5 times at the same temperature, and then removed using heptane. Solvent treated.
- the porous film thus obtained was heated in air at 85 ° C. for 6 hours, then heated at 118 for 1.5 hours to heat-treat the porous film, and in the porous film
- the target porous film A was obtained by crosslinking the crosslinkable rubber.
- the film properties of this porous film A were evaluated by the method described later. As a result, the thickness was 25 111, the porosity was 50%, and the heat resistant temperature was 370 ° C.
- the weight per unit area S (cm 2 ) of the porous film W (g), the average thickness t (cm), and the density d (g / cm 3 ) of the resin constituting the porous film were calculated by the following equation. .
- a sample of a 5 mm square porous film is placed on the sample stage of a needle-insertion probe thermomechanical analyzer (EXSTAR6000 manufactured by Seiko Denshi Co., Ltd.), and the tip diameter lmm is placed on this sample.
- a needle-in probe was placed.
- a weight of 70 gf was applied on the probe, the sample was heated from room temperature at a rate of 2 ° CZ, and the thickness change of the sample was measured.
- the temperature when the thickness of the sample reached 1Z2 of the sample thickness (initial thickness) when a weight was applied to the sample was defined as the heat resistant temperature of the sample.
- the polymer solution lOOg was added to 600 mL of methanol while stirring with a high-speed mixer to precipitate the polymer.
- the polymer was separated by filtration, washed several times with methanol, put in a drying tube, and dried by passing dry nitrogen gas (dew point temperature of 150 ° C. or lower) in which liquid nitrogen was vaporized. Furthermore, it was vacuum-dried in a desiccator for 6 hours to obtain a crosslinkable polymer.
- the crosslinkable polymer thus obtained was a pure white powder.
- the weight average molecular weight was 314,000 and the number average molecular weight was 16,000.
- the crosslinkable polymer AlOg was added to 90 g of ethyl acetate and stirred at room temperature to obtain a uniform crosslinkable polymer solution.
- Polyfunctional isocyanate as a crosslinking agent in this crosslinkable polymer solution (hexamethylene diisocyanate Z trimethylolpropane adduct, solid solution of ethyl acetate, solid content 75%, Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd. Coronate HL) 0.204 g
- the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature.
- the ratio of the number of moles of isocyanate groups of the polyfunctional isocyanate to the number of moles of reactive groups possessed by the crosslinkable polymer was 0.2.
- a mixed solution of this crosslinkable polymer and polyfunctional isocyanate was applied to both sides of the porous film A with a wire bar (# 16), and then heated at 60 ° C to evaporate ethyl acetate.
- a crosslinkable polymer-supported porous film having a crosslinkable polymer supported at a coating density of 2. lgZm 2 per side was obtained.
- the crosslinkable polymer-supported porous film is put into a thermostat at 70 ° C. for 96 hours, the crosslinkable polymer supported on the porous film and the polyfunctional isocyanate are reacted, and the crosslinkable polymer is converted into the crosslinkable polymer.
- Part of the film was bridged and reinforced to obtain a reactive polymer-supported porous film.
- the gel fraction of the reactive polymer was 55.3%.
- Lithium cobaltate as positive electrode active material Cell Seed C 10 manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 85 parts by weight and acetylene black (Denka Black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) as conductive additive 10 parts by weight and binder Bi-Ridene fluoride resin (Kuha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. KF polymer L # 1120) 5 parts by weight was mixed, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was used so that the solid content would be 15% by weight. To make a slurry.
- This slurry is applied to a 20 m thick aluminum foil (current collector) to a thickness of 200 m, dried in a vacuum at 80 ° C for 1 hour, and at 120 ° C for 2 hours, and then pressed by a roll press to activate.
- a positive electrode sheet with a material layer thickness of 100 m was prepared.
- This slurry was applied to a copper foil (current collector) having a thickness of 20 m to a thickness of 200 m, dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour, dried at 120 ° C for 2 hours, and then pressed with a roll press.
- a negative electrode sheet having an active material layer thickness of 100 m was prepared.
- the negative electrode sheet, the reactive polymer-supported porous film, and the positive electrode sheet are laminated in this order to form a separator Z electrode laminate, and a 2016 size doubles as a positive and negative electrode plate.
- an electrolyte consisting of a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate Z jetyl carbonate (weight ratio 1Z2) in which lithium hexafluorophosphate was dissolved at a 1.2 molar ZL concentration, then the battery can was sealed did. After that, heating is performed at 50 ° C. for 24 hours, the reactive polymer is cationically polymerized and crosslinked, and the electrode sheet is adhered to the porous film (separator) and part of the electrolyte is gelled. To obtain a coin-type battery.
- the coin-type battery was charged again at a rate of 0.2 CmA to reach a fully charged state. After storing this battery in a constant temperature room at 85 ° C for 2 days, take out the constant temperature power, and when the coin battery reaches ambient temperature (25 ° C), discharge twice at a rate of 0.2CmA, lCmA Discharge was performed once at the rate, and the discharge capacity at the rate of 1 CmA was determined, and this was used as the discharge capacity at the rate of 1 C mA after the high-temperature storage test. The charge after each discharge was performed at a rate of 0.2 CmA. Discharge capacity at lCmA after the above high-temperature storage test Z Discharge capacity maintenance rate after the high-temperature storage test defined by the ratio of discharge capacity at 0.2C mA before the above high-temperature storage test is 81%.
- the positive electrode Z porous film punched to a predetermined size is impregnated with the electrolyte solution in the Z negative electrode laminate, and then sandwiched between glass plates and wrapped on a fluorine sheet to suppress the volatilization of the electrolyte solution.
- a 100 g weight was placed. This was placed in a thermostatic chamber at a temperature of 50 ° C. for 24 hours, and the reactive polymer supported on the porous film in the negative electrode Z porous film Z positive electrode laminate was cationically polymerized and crosslinked to produce positive and negative electrodes.
- a porous film that is, a separator. Thereafter, the negative electrode Z porous film Z positive electrode laminate sandwiched between the glass plates was placed in a dryer at 200 ° C.
- the heat shrinkage rate of the porous film of this example was 16%.
- Example 1 instead of the crosslinkable polymer A, the crosslinkable polymer B was used, and the same amount of the polyfunctional isocyanate as in Example 1 was added to 0.5 lg (based on the number of moles of reactive groups of the crosslinkable polymer).
- a reactive polymer-supported porous film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of the number of moles of isocyanate groups in the polyfunctional isocyanate was 0.5. In this reactive polymer-supported porous film, the gel fraction of the reactive polymer was 31.5%.
- EPDM Esprene 512F manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Ethylidene norbornene content: 4% by weight
- EPDM Esprene 512F manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Ethylidene norbornene content: 4% by weight
- a polyethylene resin composition comprising 80% by weight of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight of 1.5 million And 85 parts by weight of liquid paraffin were mixed in a slurry state, and dissolved and kneaded at a temperature of 160 ° C. for about 1 hour using a small-size mixer. Thereafter, the obtained kneaded material was sandwiched between metal plates cooled to 0 ° C. and rolled into a sheet while rapidly cooling.
- this sheet was heat-pressed at a temperature of 115 ° C until the thickness became 0.4 mm, and further, biaxially stretched 4.0 times and 4.0 times vertically and horizontally at 123 ° C, and then heptane was used. The solvent was removed.
- the porous film thus obtained was heated in air at 85 ° C. for 6 hours, then heated at 116 for 1.5 hours to heat-treat the porous film, and crosslink in the porous film.
- the target porous film B was obtained by crosslinking the functional rubber.
- This porous film B had a thickness of m, a porosity of 42%, and a heat resistant temperature of 320 ° C. examined by using a probe-in probe thermomechanical analyzer.
- Example 2 a reactive polymer-supported porous film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the porous film B was used instead of the porous film A. Using the porous film B carrying the reactive polymer, a coin-type battery was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the discharge capacity retention rate of lCmAZO.2CmA of this battery was 94%, and the thermal shrinkage rate of the porous film of this example was 15%. In addition, the discharge capacity retention after the high temperature storage test was 86%.
- the crosslinkable polymer BlOg was placed in 90 g of ethyl acetate and stirred at room temperature to obtain a uniform crosslinkable polymer solution.
- 0.51 g of the same polyfunctional isocyanate as in Example 1 was added as a crosslinker, and dissolved by stirring at room temperature.
- Anti-crosslinking polymer The ratio of the number of moles of isocyanate groups in the polyfunctional isocyanate to the number of moles of reactive groups was 0.5.
- the positive electrode sheet is laminated on the reactive polymer-carrying surface of the reactive polymer-carrying porous film, and the negative electrode is laminated on the back surface (the surface not carrying the reactive polymer) of the porous film.
- a coin-type battery was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the separator Z electrode laminate was used.
- the lCmAZO.2CmA discharge capacity retention rate of this battery was 97%, and the thermal shrinkage rate of the porous film of this example was 29%. In addition, the discharge capacity retention rate after the high temperature storage test was 84%.
- a coin-type battery was assembled in the same manner as in Example 1, using the same porous film A as in Example 1 without supporting the reactive polymer.
- the discharge capacity retention rate of lCmAZO.2C mA of this battery was 97%, and the thermal shrinkage rate of the porous film of this example was 73%.
- the discharge capacity retention rate after the high temperature storage test was 63%.
- a polyethylene resin composition comprising 60% by weight of polyethylene resin having a weight average molecular weight of 200,000 and 40% by weight of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight of 1,500,000 and 85 parts by weight of liquid paraffin are mixed in a slurry form.
- the solution was melted and kneaded at a temperature of 160 ° C. for about 1 hour using a small-sized der. Thereafter, the obtained kneaded material was sandwiched between metal plates cooled to 0 ° C. and rolled into a sheet while rapidly cooling.
- this sheet was heat-pressed at a temperature of 115 ° C until the thickness became 0.5 mm, and further biaxially stretched 4.0 times and 4.0 times in length and breadth at the same temperature, and then heptane was used. The solvent was removed. Obtained in this way
- the porous film was heated in air at 85 ° C. for 6 hours, and then heated at 116 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain the intended porous film C.
- This porous film C had a thickness of 24 / ⁇ ⁇ , a porosity of 39%, and a heat resistance temperature of 160 ° C. examined using a probe-type thermomechanical analyzer.
- a reactive polymer-supported porous film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the porous film C was used instead of the porous film A in Example 1.
- a coin-type battery was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the lCmAZO.2CmA discharge capacity retention rate of this battery was 94%.
- the porous film broke and was unable to measure the heat shrinkage rate.
- the discharge capacity retention rate after the high temperature storage test was 82%.
- the present invention it is possible to manufacture a battery having sufficient adhesiveness between the electrode Z separators and having a high rate characteristic with low internal resistance. As such, it is possible to provide a porous film carrying a reactive polymer useful as a battery separator that functions as a separator having a low heat shrinkage even at a high temperature without melting or breaking. Furthermore, a battery manufacturing method using such a reactive polymer-supported porous film can be provided.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05766261A EP1819000B1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-07-20 | Reactive-polymer-carrying porous film and process for producing the same |
US11/664,219 US8092935B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-07-20 | Reactive polymer-carrying porous film and process for producing the same |
AT05766261T ATE525758T1 (de) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-07-20 | Reaktiven polymer tragender poröser film und prozess zu seiner herstellung |
KR1020077007361A KR100875331B1 (ko) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-07-20 | 반응성 중합체 담지 다공질 필름과 그의 제조 방법 |
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JP2004-286078 | 2004-09-30 | ||
JP2004286078 | 2004-09-30 | ||
JP2005-171916 | 2005-06-13 | ||
JP2005171916A JP4791087B2 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-06-13 | 反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとその製法 |
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PCT/JP2005/013312 WO2006038362A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2005-07-20 | 反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとその製法 |
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US (1) | US8092935B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1819000B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4791087B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100875331B1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE525758T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006038362A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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US20110135988A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-06-09 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Battery separator and battery using the same |
US20110135989A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-06-09 | Ntto Denko Corporation | Battery separator and battery using the same |
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JP4791087B2 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2011-10-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | 反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとその製法 |
JP4791044B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-11 | 2011-10-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用セパレータのための反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとそれを用いた電池の製造方法 |
JP5286001B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-13 | 2013-09-11 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用セパレータとこれを用いてなる非水リチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2009110683A (ja) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-05-21 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電池用セパレータのための反応性ポリマー層担持多孔質フィルムとその利用 |
JP5373349B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-26 | 2013-12-18 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用セパレータとこれを用いてなる非水リチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP5260075B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2013-08-14 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用セパレータ用反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルムとそれより得られる電極/セパレータ接合体 |
JP5260074B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2013-08-14 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用セパレータとそれより得られる電極/セパレータ接合体 |
JP5260073B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2013-08-14 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用セパレータとそれより得られる電極/セパレータ接合体 |
CN102582200B (zh) * | 2011-11-27 | 2014-07-09 | 中国海诚工程科技股份有限公司 | 一种锂电池隔膜预干燥薄膜转移涂布的装置和方法 |
JP6269366B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-18 | 2018-01-31 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
US20220094019A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2022-03-24 | Ceigard, LLC | Coated microporous membranes, and battery separators, batteries, vehicles, and devices comprising the same |
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- 2005-06-13 JP JP2005171916A patent/JP4791087B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-20 KR KR1020077007361A patent/KR100875331B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-07-20 EP EP05766261A patent/EP1819000B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-07-20 WO PCT/JP2005/013312 patent/WO2006038362A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-07-20 US US11/664,219 patent/US8092935B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-20 AT AT05766261T patent/ATE525758T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110135988A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-06-09 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Battery separator and battery using the same |
US20110135989A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-06-09 | Ntto Denko Corporation | Battery separator and battery using the same |
US9142817B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2015-09-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Battery separator and battery using the same |
US9142818B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2015-09-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Battery separator and battery using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20070057895A (ko) | 2007-06-07 |
US8092935B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
JP2006128069A (ja) | 2006-05-18 |
EP1819000B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
EP1819000A4 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
KR100875331B1 (ko) | 2008-12-22 |
ATE525758T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
US20090202898A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
EP1819000A1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
JP4791087B2 (ja) | 2011-10-12 |
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