WO2005124795A1 - 自己組織化希土類-鉄系ボンド磁石の製造方法とそれを用いたモータ - Google Patents
自己組織化希土類-鉄系ボンド磁石の製造方法とそれを用いたモータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005124795A1 WO2005124795A1 PCT/JP2005/009642 JP2005009642W WO2005124795A1 WO 2005124795 A1 WO2005124795 A1 WO 2005124795A1 JP 2005009642 W JP2005009642 W JP 2005009642W WO 2005124795 A1 WO2005124795 A1 WO 2005124795A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
- C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/148—Agglomerating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0578—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0273—Imparting anisotropy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/03—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/059—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and Va elements, e.g. Sm2Fe17N2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an anisotropic rare earth iron-based bonded magnet mounted on a brushless motor or a DC motor, and a small motor using the same.
- bond magnets there are two types of typical rare-earth iron-based magnets: sintered magnets and quenched magnets by the melt spinning method. Among them, isotropic rare-earth iron-based bond magnets using quenched magnets (hereinafter referred to as bond magnets) are used as drive sources for OA, AV, PC, peripheral devices, and information and communication equipment. Widely used as small-diameter magnets for small high-performance motors. On the other hand, as the performance and added value of electric and electronic devices increase, the demand for smaller, lighter, and higher power small magnet motors is increasing. To meet this demand, anisotropic bonded magnets are being actively developed.
- anisotropic bonded magnet with a maximum energy product (hereinafter referred to as MEP) of 150 kjZm 3 has also been obtained.
- magnet powder Stone powder
- bonded magnets with high MEP using the above-mentioned anisotropic magnet powder are manufactured in cylinders or cubes, and are hardly used in general small motors.
- the shape of the magnet mounted on the small motor to which the present invention is applied is not a simple cylinder or a cube, but is, for example, an annular shape having a diameter of 25 mm or less or an arc shape having a wall thickness of 1 mm or less.
- a radially anisotropic bond magnet magnetically anisotropic in the radial direction is required.
- Such means for generating a radial alignment magnetic field is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-170501. That is, the method uses a molding die surrounding the annular molding cavity and alternately combining magnetic yoke and non-magnetic yoke, and disposing an excitation coil outside. In this method, a high-voltage large-current power supply that generates a large magnetomotive force such as 170 kAT is used to generate a radially oriented magnetic field of a predetermined strength in the annular mold cavity.
- the magnet powder Due to the decrease in the degree of orientation, the MEP of the bonded magnet decreases.
- LZD length-to-diameter ratio
- the present invention provides a first step of coating a rare-earth iron-based magnet powder with an oligomer or a prepolymer having at least two or more reaction substrates in one molecule to obtain a surface-treated magnet powder,
- the present invention provides a method for producing a self-assembled rare earth iron-based bond magnet having the same.
- the present invention provides a motor using the bonded magnet.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a surface-treated rare earth iron-based magnet powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a granule according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a compound according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a green compact according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a chemical structure of self-organization according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a molecular chain orientation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a magnetizing direction and a shape change of a bonded magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a magnetizing direction and a shape change of a bonded magnet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7C is a diagram showing a magnetizing direction and a shape change of a bonded magnet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7D is a diagram showing a magnetizing direction and a shape change of a bonded magnet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the temperature dependence of the disk flow according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the temperature dependence of the disk flow including the sliding flow according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the dependency of the disk flow on the amount of lubricant added in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing the molding pressure dependency of the density in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the orientation time dependence of the magnetic powder magnetic flux amount according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a relationship between relative density and MEP at the time of orientation in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a change in the particle size distribution of the magnet powder according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram based on an SEM photograph of a fractured surface according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the heating temperature dependency of the tensile strength in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a change in surface magnetic flux due to rolling according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective external view showing an example of assembling a magnetic circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of reference numerals
- the present invention provides a high-performance bond that does not reduce MEP (maximum energy product) even when a small diameter is formed using anisotropic rare earth iron-based magnet powder (hereinafter referred to as magnet powder!).
- magnet powder anisotropic rare earth iron-based magnet powder
- a bond magnet having a high MEP of, for example, 160 kj / m3 or more which can be applied to a small motor and has an arbitrary circular or arc shape, can be easily manufactured, the performance of electric and electronic equipment in recent years will be improved. Can be encouraged. That is, it is possible to provide a new high-output and power-saving small motor. Because, MEP conventional isotropic bonded magnet is approximately 80kjZm 3.
- the above-described annular force for a small motor and the various magnet shapes and magnetic characteristics leading to an arc shape are considered.
- the compatible method for producing a self-assembled bonded magnet of the present invention includes the following steps.
- the polymer 21 and the surface-treated magnet powder 30 are melt-kneaded at a melting point of 21 or higher, and are coarsely pulverized into a dala-yur 31 to react with the oligomer or prepolymer 20 and the reaction substrate of the polymer 21.
- Stretching the bonded magnet 34 it is a manufacturing method comprising a sixth step of shape conversion by utilizing the flexibility expressed in the stretching direction in an annular or arc-shaped.
- the lubricant is simultaneously melt-kneaded and coarsely pulverized into granules 31.
- PETE pentaerythritol C17 triester
- the amount of addition is 3 to 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer 21.
- the flow phenomenon appears.
- the direction of the anisotropy can be vertical or in-plane.
- various shapes and shapes ranging from an annular shape to an arc shape can be obtained.
- the magnetic field of a high performance permanent magnet type motor having a simple magnetic circuit configuration can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a surface-treated magnet powder 30 in which a magnet powder 10 is coated with an oligomer or a prepolymer 20 having at least two or more reaction substrates in one molecule.
- the arrow in the figure indicates the magnetically anisotropic polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11 and the magnetically anisotropic single magnetic domain.
- 2 shows the easy axis (C axis) of each of the particle type SmFeN fine powder 13.
- the polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11 according to the present invention is prepared by hot upsetting (Die-Up-Setting).
- the coercive force H at 20 ° C after the m pulse magnetization is desirably IMAZm or more.
- the magnetically anisotropic single magnetic domain particle type SmFeN fine powder 13 of the present invention is reduced and expanded.
- R-Fe alloys or R- (Fe, Co) alloys are manufactured by the dusting method, nitrided, and then pulverized.
- the pulverization can be carried out by a known technique such as a jet mill, a vibration ball mill, a rotary ball mill and the like.
- the particle size is finely pulverized so as to have a Fisher average particle size of 1. or less, preferably 1.2 m or less.
- a known method of forming a metal film or a method of forming an inorganic film may be used for stabilization.
- SmFeN fine powder combining these stabilizing treatments may be used.
- polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11 or single domain particle type SmFeN fine powder is used.
- the surface-treated magnet powder 30 is obtained by coating the outermost surface of the powder 13 with an oligomer or a prepolymer 20. Specifically, polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11 or single domain particle type SmF
- the oligomer or prepolymer 20 referred to in the present invention is preferably an organic compound having a melting point of 70-100 ° C. and having at least two or more oxysilane rings in the molecular chain.
- Representative compounds include those obtained by the reaction of bisphenols with epichlorohydrin or substituted epichlorohydrin.
- epoxy oligomers obtained by various methods. Preferably Has an epoxy equivalent of 205-220 gZeq and a melting point of 70-76.
- the polyglycidyl ether of C is a sonocresol novolak type epoxy oligomer (hereinafter referred to as novolak type epoxy oligomer and ⁇ ⁇ ).
- FIG. 2 shows the second step, that is, the uppermost table of the polymer 21, the polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11, and the single-domain particle type SmFeN fine powder 13 at or above the melting point of the stretchable polymer 21.
- the figure shows a granule 31 mainly composed of the surface-treated magnet powder 30 in the step of melt-kneading and coarsely pulverizing the surface-treated magnet powder 30 whose surface is covered with the oligomer or pre-polymer 20.
- the magnet powder 10 contained in the Dalla-Yule 31 is preferably a combination of a polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11 and a single magnetic domain particle type SmFeN fine powder 13 as shown in the figure.
- the total of the two in the magnet powder 10 should be at least 95% by weight, of which single domain particle type Sm Fe
- N fine powder 13 is 40% by weight or more, high MEP can be obtained and initial irreversibility can be obtained.
- the melt-kneading of the polymer 21 and the surface-treated magnet powder 30 coated with the oligomer or the prepolymer 20 uses a heatable kneading device such as a roll mill or a twin-screw extruder.
- the stretchable polymer 21 of the present invention is preferably a polyamide.
- Polyamides include those synthesized from ratatams or aminocarboxylic acids, and those synthesized from diamines and dicarboxylic acids, or their esters or halides.
- examples of polyamides that can be used in the present invention include crystalline nylon such as nylon 6, nylon 6-6, nylon 6-10, nylon 6-12, nylon 11, nylon 12, and the like, amorphous nylon, and copolymerized nylon. Nail joints, blended products, and the like. And a low melting point polyamide is more preferable.
- polyamide examples include polyamide copolymers having a melting point of 80 to 150 ° C., an acid value of 10 or less, an amine value of 20 or less, and a molecular weight of 4000 to 12000, and alcohol-soluble polyamides.
- the stretchable polymer 21 is softened or melted, or at least partially dissolved in the oligomer or the epoxy oligomer 20 as the prepolymer 20 in the manufacturing step of the self-assembled bonded magnet 34 of the present invention, Excellent adhesion strength can be exhibited while maintaining reactivity at low temperatures.
- the low melting point means that the magnetic powder 10 has a melting point or a softening point at a temperature (about 80 to 150 ° C.) at which the magnetic powder 10 is rearranged by the oriented magnetic field.
- a lubricant exhibiting melt flow accompanied by slippage is used. It is preferable to sometimes melt-knead and coarsely pulverize to obtain Dala-Yule 31.
- a lubricant that exhibits a melt flow accompanied by slip is, for example, a compound in which the internal lubricating effect on the magnet powder 10 and the external lubricating effect on the mold wall surface are expressed with good consistency, for example, pentaerythritol C17 triester. (PETE).
- PETE is obtained by the condensation reaction of 1 mole of pentaerythritol and 3 moles of stearic acid, and its melting point is about 51 ° C. If the amount of added calories in PETE is 3 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer 21, a melt flow accompanied by remarkable slippage appears.
- the ratio of the magnet powder 10 in the compound 32 is set to 95% by weight or more under the condition that the melt flow accompanied by the sufficient slip occurs as described above, the self-organized bond magnet of the present invention is used. It is advantageous for high MEP of stone.
- FIG. 3 shows the compound 32 obtained in the third step. That is, the composition of the compound 32 obtained by dry-mixing the dala-yur 31 obtained in the second step and the curing agent 22 is shown. As shown in the figure, the stiffener 22 is physically attached to the surface of the granule 31. Note that the additive 23 may be added in the second step as needed.
- a powdery latent epoxy resin curing agent composed of a hydantoin derivative represented by (Idani 1) can be mentioned.
- Rl and R2 represent H or an alkyl group.
- hydrazine derivatives dicyandiamide, and the like can also be used.
- FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the green compact 33 in the fourth step. That is, the compound 33 obtained in the previous step is oriented while being heated above the melting point of the polymer 21.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a green contact 33 compressed at 50 MPa or less after a magnetic field is applied to rearrange the magnet powder 10.
- the oligomer or prepolymer 20 and the stretchable polymer 21 are brought into a molten state by heat conduction from the mold. As a result, polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 11 and
- Magnetic domain particle type Sm Fe N fine powder 13 is easily magnetized (C axis) as shown in the figure by the orientation magnetic field.
- the compound 32 is compressed at 50 MPa or less, and a magnetically anisotropic green compact 33 is obtained.
- the direction of imparting anisotropy may be either a direction perpendicular to the plane of the plate-shaped magnet or an in-plane direction.
- the compound 32 is compressed in an orthogonal magnetic field or parallel magnetic field orientation, and in the in-plane direction, the compound 32 is compressed in an orthogonal magnetic field orientation.
- Green compact 33 is desirable. Further, it is preferable that the relative density of the green compact 33 that works in the present invention is 98% or more. When the relative density of the green compact 33 is reduced, if the green compact 33 is heated in the atmosphere during self-organization, the reduction of the MEP corresponding to the permanent deterioration of the magnet powder 10 increases in accordance with the void amount. It is.
- the oligomer or prepolymer 20 the polymer 21 contained in the compound 32 filled in the mold cavity is sufficiently heated to the melting point of the lubricant, and then the orientation magnetic field is 1.4 MAZm or more.
- the green compact 33 is manufactured by compressing under the condition that the pressure is less than 100MPa. However, under conditions where sufficient sliding flow is exhibited, compression molding can be performed at 25-50 MPa under an orientation magnetic field of IMAZm or more. Under such low pressure compression conditions, inexpensive non-magnetic stainless steel or the like that does not require the use of expensive non-magnetic cemented carbide as the material of the mold can be used. Further, since a compression mold made of a non-magnetic material having a plurality of cavities can be used, productivity is high.
- FIG. 5 shows the chemical structure of the self-assembled bonded magnet 34 in the fifth step. That is, the oligomer or prepolymer 20 and the polymer 21 in the green compact 33 are reacted with the curing agent 22.
- the oligomer or prepolymer 20 in the figure has at least two or more organic functional groups in one molecule and covers the surface of the magnet powder 10. In this case, a novolak type epoxy oligomer is shown.
- the extensible Lima 21 indicates a polyamide having a carboxyl group at the terminal.
- the curing agent 22 in the figure shows the hydantoin derivative shown in (I-Dani 1).
- the functional group of the oligomer or pre-polymer 20 for fixing the magnetic powder 10 and the functional group of the polymer 21 responsible for molecular chain orientation by stretching react with the curing agent 22 by heat, respectively.
- oligomer or prepolymer 20 and polymer 21 react directly. Then, self-organization is performed by these reactions.
- the curing agent 22, which is a hydantoin derivative penetrates by dissolving in the oligomer or the prepolymer 20 or the polymer 21 at a temperature equal to or higher than its melting point, and the chemical bonding proceeds.
- a part or all of the fifth step of manufacturing the self-assembled bonded magnet 34 can be incorporated in the fourth step of manufacturing the green compact 33. That is, it is also possible to perform self-organization while compressing in the molding die. In such a case, it is preferable to use the additive 23 together as a catalyst for promoting self-organization.
- a bisphenol-type amine conjugate is effective. Specific examples include aromatic diamine conjugates such as metaphenylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenylsulfone, and diaminodecyldiphenylmethane. The amount of addition
- the green compact 33 having a relative density of 98% or more becomes a self-assembled bonded magnet 34 having a relative density of 98% or more by heating and pressing in the fifth step.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which, in the sixth step, the self-filament bonded magnet 34 is extended in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and the molecular chains of the extensible polymer 21 are oriented in the extending direction. It is.
- the present invention provides a desired bonded magnet by changing the shape into an annular or arc shape by utilizing the flexibility developed in the stretching direction as shown in the figure.
- rolling is preferable in the case of an annular magnet
- stamping is preferable in the case of an arc-shaped magnet, but they may be used in combination.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the magnetizing direction of the self-organizing bond magnet 34 of the present invention and an example of the shape conversion of the magnet.
- 7A to 7D illustrate the structure of the four-pole inner magnet type rotor.
- the radial anisotropic magnet 34a imparts anisotropy in the direction perpendicular to the plate thickness and is transformed in shape.
- the anisotropic magnet 34b is anisotropically oriented in the in-plane direction.
- Fig. 7 A is a radially anisotropic magnet whose shape has been changed to an annular shape, Figs.
- FIGS. 7B and 7C are examples of a structure in which an arc-shaped radial anisotropic magnet and an in-plane anisotropic magnet are appropriately combined, and Fig. 7C is an in-plane anisotropic magnet.
- This is an example of a structure in which is appropriately combined.
- annular or arc-shaped anisotropic magnets are limited to magnets having anisotropy in the thickness direction.
- FIGS. 7B and 7C it is possible to produce a magnet having a high permeance coefficient Pc and a high MEP with anisotropy in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped magnet. It is to be noted that such a magnet may be converted in shape after magnetizing in advance.
- Permeance coefficient Pc is higher than that with an annular magnet.
- the permeance coefficient Pc of the magnet decreases temporarily as the pole center is the highest and the pole center force increases. Therefore, an extremely strong static magnetic field can be generated in the gap with the iron core, and the permeance coefficient Pc is high, so that there is an advantage that demagnetization is difficult.
- the self-assembled bonded magnet of the present invention has a MEP at 120 ° C when magnetized at 1.2 MAZm of 120 kjZm 3 or more, and at a temperature of 20 ° C when magnetized at OMAZm.
- MEP can be 160 kJ Zm 3 or more.
- a radial static anisotropic ring magnet or an in-plane anisotropic arc magnet can be converted into various shapes as shown in Fig. 7A to Fig. 7D to obtain a strong static magnetic field in the air gap between the rotor and the iron core. Can be. In this way, the performance of a small motor can be improved.
- a polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder ll (NdDyFeCoBGaZr), RD (
- extendable polymer 21 has a melting point of 80 ° C, an acid value of 10 or less, an amine value of 20 or less, and a molecular weight of 4000-12.
- hardener 22 is a latent epoxy resin hardener (hydantoin derivative) with an average particle diameter of 3 ⁇ m and a melting point of 80-100 ° C having the structure shown in (Chemical formula 1), and a melting point of about PET at 52 ° C was used.
- the average particle diameter of 70 mu m, MEP is magnetically isotropic flake powder (alloy composition Nd Fe Co B by melt spin Jung method 130KjZm 3, thereafter magnetically as comparative examples
- isotropic flaky powder Two the average particle diameter of 105 mu m
- MEP is magnetically isotropic bulk powder (alloy composition by strip casting method of 105kjZm 3 Nd Fe Co B Ti
- Nb V hereinafter referred to as magnetically isotropic bulk powder
- the method for producing a self-assembled bonded magnet of the present invention comprises a compound and a step magnet for producing a bonded magnet.
- the characteristic of compound production is polycrystalline aggregated NdFeB powder 1
- pre-bolimer 20 solid epoxy oligomer
- pre-bolimer 20 melt-knead it with a mechanically stretchable polymer 21, so that each particle is Nd Fe B powder
- the particle size of the cod 31 is 355 ⁇ m or less.
- a hardening agent 22 and an additive 23 that can be appropriately kneaded as needed are attached to the surface of the granule 31 to form a compound 32.
- the addition ratio was determined as follows.
- Binder 20 is 0.8 parts by weight. Binder 20 is prepared as acetone solution in advance, and Nd Fe B powder
- the processed magnet powder 30 is obtained.
- Example 1 0.3 parts by weight of the curing agent 22 was added to 100 parts by weight of each of the granules 31a and 31b, and the mixture was dry-mixed using a V-type blender to obtain two types of granulated compounds. Get 32a and 32b. These are called Example 1 and Example 2, respectively.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the temperature dependence of the disk flow of the compounds of Example 1 and Comparative Example 14.
- the flow shows the average value of the minor axis and major axis of the disk formed when 5 g of each dura-yule compound is measured and compressed at 500 MPa. This value is large! This indicates that the liquidity is large.
- Comparative Example 14 the fluidity of the compound decreases as the temperature increases.
- melt flow occurs at 80 to 160 ° C., which is higher than the melting point of the oligomer or prepolymer 20 and polymer 21, and the flow does not decrease as the temperature rises as in Comparative Example 14.
- Such a melt flow observed in Example 1 is based on the Sm FeN fine powder 13 melt-kneaded with the polymer 21 having a molecular weight of 4000-12000.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the temperature dependence of the disk flow showing the melt flow accompanied by slip of each compound of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 14 and 15. However, as for the flow, the average value of the minor axis and the major axis of the disk formed when 5 g of each granulated compound was weighed and compressed at 50 kN is shown by standardizing the measured value at room temperature in Example 1. Te ru.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the disc flow of the compound and the amount of lubricant (PETE) added.
- Example 2 the amount of the lubricant was 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer 21.
- Example 1 corresponds to Example 1 in which the amount of the lubricant added is zero.
- the melt flow with remarkable slippage is observed when the amount of the lubricant (PETE) added is 2 parts by weight or more per 100 parts by weight of the polymer 21 (polyamide). Further, even if the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, no further flow improvement effect is seen, so the amount is preferably 15 parts by weight or less.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the density of the green compact and the molding pressure.
- the density was determined by the Archimedes method.
- an isotropic bonded magnet containing about 3% by weight of a solid epoxy resin by powder molding to obtain a predetermined density, as shown in Comparative Example 14 in the figure, as shown in Comparative Example 14 near the room temperature and at room temperature by pressure, as in Comparative Example 14, It was necessary to densify while crushing.
- Example 1 when the surface-treated magnet powder 30 and polymer 21 (polyamide) were melt-kneaded at a time and compressed under the temperature conditions under which the melt flowability was exhibited, a comparison was made at 50 MPa.
- Comparative Example 1 is obtained by dry-mixing the surface-treated magnet powder 30 and the polymer 21 without melt-kneading. That is, melt fluidity is essential to ensure low-pressure moldability, and it is necessary to melt-knead the surface-treated magnet powder 30 and the polymer 21 all together.
- the affinity with the polymer 21 can be obtained by directly melting and kneading the SmFeN fine powder 13 which does not coat the oligomer or the prepolymer 20 in particular.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the orientation time dependence of the amount of magnetic flux of the magnet powder 10.
- a green compact 33 with a thickness of lmm manufactured using a rectangular cavity with a width of 6 mm and a length of 60 mm under the conditions of a temperature of 140 to 150 ° C, a magnetic field of orthogonal orientation of 1.5 MAZm, and a pressure of 30 MPa is used.
- the relative magnetic flux on the vertical axis is a value obtained by pulse magnetizing the green compact 33 as a sample at 4 MAZm in the orientation direction and standardizing the magnetic flux for an orientation time of 30 seconds obtained with a magnetometer.
- Example 2 in which the lubricant was melt-kneaded together with the surface-treated magnet powder 30 and the polymer 21, the oligomer or prepolymer 20, the polymer 21, the curing agent 22, and the remarkable sliding flow under the molten state of the lubricant. Occurs.
- This phenomenon means an apparent decrease in melt viscosity. In other words, it means that not only the shear stress between the polymer 21 and the mold die wall is reduced, but also a lubricating effect is exerted on the interface between the polymer 21 and the magnet powder 10.
- the sliding flow as in the second embodiment also has an effect of shortening the orientation time of the magnet powder 10 as compared with the first embodiment in which only the melt flow is performed.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the relative density of the compound of Example 2 and the MEP when the Darin compact compacted at 30 MPa was magnetized in a direction anisotropic with a pulse magnetic field of 4 MAZm. It is. However, the apparent density of the compound of Example 2 is 2.46 Mg / m 3. Relative density is expressed as a percentage of the true density including the magnet powder 10 and the oligomer or prepolymer 20, the polymer 21, the hardener 22, and the lubricant. As can be seen, the relative density of Konpaundo in mold Kiyabiti acceptable when applying an orientation magnetic field is approximately 50%, 160KjZm 3 or more MEP is obtained if 50% or less.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a change in the particle size distribution of the magnet powder 10 in low-pressure molding.
- the method for measuring the particle size distribution is as follows. Using the compound of Example 2, a square composed of a 6 mm wide and 60 mm long SUS304 upper and lower punch and die under the conditions of a temperature of 140 to 150 ° C, a parallel orientation magnetic field of 1.4 MAZm and a pressure of 30 MPa using the compound in Example 2. Use a cavity to make a 1 mm thick green compact.
- the particle size distribution of B powder 11 and Sm Fe N fine powder 13 in the ratio of 6: 4) was determined by laser diffraction particle size distribution.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram based on an SEM photograph showing a fractured surface of the green compact 33 of the present invention.
- Nd Fe B powder 11 A continuous phase with fine particle force around Sm Fe N fine powder
- the density of the green compact 33 determined by the Archimedes method is 5.92 Mg / m 3
- the theoretical density including the resin component is 5.976 Mg / m 3
- the relative density is 99.06. %Met.
- the theoretical density of the green compact was calculated using the following values as the density of each component. Nd Fe B powder 11 7. Sm Fe N fine powder 13 was set to 7.6 MgZm 3 and the resin component was set to 1.02 MgZm 3 .
- the green compact 33 of Example 2 has a lower pressure of 30 MPa compared to the conventional compression-molded isotropic NdFeB bonded magnet.
- the present invention can provide a production method with high productivity.
- Compound 32 of Example 2 was made of a rectangular cavity composed of upper and lower punches and dies made of SUS304 having a width of 6 mm and a length of 60 mm at a temperature of 140-150 ° C, a cross-alignment magnetic field of 1.4 MA / m, a pressure of 30 MPa, and a thickness of 140 mm.
- a lmm green compact 33 was prepared and heated in the air for 20 minutes to form a self-organized bond magnet 34.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the heating temperature dependence of the relative tensile strength when the green compact 33 is heated in the air for 20 minutes.
- the relative tensile strength is a value obtained by standardizing the tensile strength at 20 ° C. of the unheated Green Contact 33.
- the molding temperature of the green compact 33 of the present invention utilizing the melt flow (sliding flow) is preferably not lower than the melting point of the oligomer or prepolymer 20, polymer 21, curing agent 22, and lubricant and not higher than 160 ° C.
- the optimum temperature of the self-organizing process by the reaction between the resin component (the oligomer or the prepolymer 20 and the polymer 21) and the curing agent 22 is around 150-160 ° C.
- the chemical structure of the self-assembled bonded magnet 34 is estimated as shown in FIG. The tensile strength of the bonded magnet 34 reached about 5.5 times that of the Green Compact 33, and the absolute value after heating at 160 ° C for 20 minutes was 17.6 MPa.
- PETE as a lubricant lowers the mechanical strength of a bonded magnet like a general non-reactive plasticizer.
- the absolute value of the tensile strength after heating at 160 ° C for 20 minutes of the Darline Compact of Example 1, which does not actually contain PETE, is 18.3 MPa. That the difference between the second embodiment is only a few 0/0.
- PETE which is the lubricant of the present invention, goes out of the polymer 21 system and forms a green compact. It is estimated that the amount of PETE remaining in 3 decreases. It is considered that the PETE out of the system of the polymer 21 reduces the shear stress at the interface between the mold 21 and the magnet powder.
- the tensile strength of each of them is 15 MPa or more, which is equivalent to about three times the tensile strength of a known ferrite rubber magnet.
- Epoxy which is a reaction product of the component oligomer or prepolymer 20 and the curing agent 22 by self-filamentation by the reaction of the oligomer or prepolymer 20 or polymer 21 with the hardener 22, as described above.
- the cured fat firmly fixes the magnet powder 10. Further, the polymer 21 reacting with them improves moisture resistance and heat resistance, and brings flexibility to the whole bonded magnet 34 by stretching.
- the compound of Example 2 was made into a green compact with a square cavity composed of upper and lower punches and dies made of SUS304 with a width of 6 mm and a length of 60 mm under the conditions of a temperature of 140 to 150 ° C, a magnetic field of orthogonal orientation of 1.4 MAZm, and a pressure of 30 MPa. Make it. Next, a self-assembled bonded magnet 34 having a thickness of 0.4-2.5 mm is obtained by heating at 160 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram in which a change in the amount of magnetic flux (Y axis) due to rolling is plotted against a thickness (X axis) when the bond magnet 34 is magnetized in advance with a pulse magnetic field of 4 MAZm and rolled at a constant speed. It is. However, the magnetic flux is shown as a relative magnetic flux standardized based on the magnetic flux of the magnet before rolling, with a thickness of 2.5 mm.
- the square symbol indicates the amount of magnetic flux before rolling
- the round symbol indicates the amount of magnetic flux after rolling.
- the regression curve shows the relationship between the magnet thickness before rolling and the relative amount of magnetic flux.
- the relative magnetic flux of a magnet with a thickness of 2.1-2.5 mm is greatly reduced by a slight decrease in thickness due to rolling.
- this decrease was apparently due to the decrease in relative magnetic flux due to the disorder of the orientation of the magnet powder 10 due to rolling, which reduced the degree of orientation. I can say.
- the plot of the amount of magnetic flux after rolling of a bonded magnet having a thickness of about 1.3 mm almost matches the regression curve of the amount of magnetic flux with respect to the thickness of the bonded magnet without rolling.
- Example 2 Using a rectangular cavity composed of SUS304 upper and lower punches and dies having a temperature of 140-150 ° C and a width of 25mm x a length of 160mm, the compound of Example 2 was used, and the relative density of the compound in the cavity was 41% and the parallel orientation magnetic field was 1. After applying 4 MAZm and resting for 0.5 seconds, the pressure is reduced to 25 MPa under melt-flow conditions with slip. In this way, Green Compact 33, which was anisotropic in the vertical direction on a 1.05 mm-thick surface, was produced. Furthermore, by heating at 160 ° C.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective external view showing the appearance of winding a 40 on a laminated electromagnetic steel sheet 41 having an outer diameter of 48 mm and a stack thickness of 25 mm.
- the bond magnet 34 exhibits flexibility in the rolling direction (in this case, the longitudinal direction) by rolling. This is the result of polymer 21 being uniaxially stretched in the rolling direction.
- a radially anisotropic annular bonded magnet having a MEP of 164 kj / m 3 can be manufactured regardless of the diameter of the magnet.
- the MEP at 20 ° C. when the above magnet was magnetized at 1.2 MAZm was about 120 kjZm 3 , and the MEP exceeded 160 kjZm 3 when magnetized at OMAZm.
- the MEP of the bonded magnet of the present invention was subjected to isotropic NdFeB bonding under the same magnetization conditions.
- At least 1.2 MAZm of magnetizing force is required to make it about twice as large as the MEP of 2 14 magnets.
- the self-threaded bonded magnet 34 of the present invention can be transformed into an arc shape.
- an arc-shaped bonded magnet having an unequal thickness with a maximum thickness of 1 mm or less can be used, motor performance can be improved while suppressing cogging torque.
- the compound 32b of Example 2 was heated at 140-150 ° C, orthogonally oriented magnetic field of 1.4MA Zm, and pressure of 25MPa with a 6mm wide, 60mm long SUS304 upper and lower punch and a die.
- a green compact 33 with anisotropy in the in-plane direction is manufactured using the configured rectangular cavity.
- a self-assembled bonded magnet 34 having a density of 5.84 MgZm 3 (98% relative density), a length of 160 mm, and a width of 25 mm is obtained.
- Magnetic properties after magnetizing the plane direction the anisotropy magnet 34 by means of a pulse magnetic field of 4MAZm the residual ⁇ I [Hr;. 0 97T, the coercive force H; 965kAZm, MEP; a 161kjZm 3.
- the MEP of the bonded magnet 34 can be set to 160 kjZm 3 or more. Therefore, it is possible to cope with various permanent magnet field magnetic circuits in which the shape of the in-plane anisotropic magnet is changed as shown in FIGS. 7B to 7D.
- the polymer 21 which can be stretched with the Sm FeN fine powder 13 is thickened, and the compound 32
- a self-assembled bonded magnet 34 is produced by imparting melt flow (sliding flow) to the material and utilizing the low-pressure formability under the conditions in which the melt flow is developed.
- Melt flow sliding flow
- a non-magnetic material such as SUS304, which is less expensive than a cemented carbide, can be used as a mold. 2. Under the melt flow accompanied by sliding flow, high-speed orientation of the magnet powder 10 becomes possible, and mechanical orientation disturbance due to compression is suppressed. Therefore, a self-organizing bonded magnet 34 in which the plate-shaped magnet is anisotropic in the direction perpendicular to the plane and in-plane is formed. 3.Since relative density is 98% or more, polycrystalline aggregated Nd by oxidation during heat treatment in air
- Another advantage is that a self-assembled bonded magnet 34 having a MEP of 160 kj / m 3 or more can be manufactured.
- the bonded magnet of the present invention can be applied to a permanent magnet rotor type or a permanent magnet field type brushless motor / DC motor. It is widely used for controlling and driving computer peripherals and printers.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2006514678A JP4525678B2 (ja) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-05-26 | 自己組織化希土類−鉄系ボンド磁石の製造方法とそれを用いたモータ |
EP05743724A EP1752994A4 (en) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-05-26 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A SELF-ASSEMBLED RARE-IRON BOND MAGNET AND MOTOR THEREWITH |
US11/597,624 US7967919B2 (en) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-05-26 | Process for producing self-assembled rare earth-iron bonded magnet and motor utilizing the same |
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JP2004-179255 | 2004-06-17 | ||
JP2004179255 | 2004-06-17 |
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PCT/JP2005/009642 WO2005124795A1 (ja) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-05-26 | 自己組織化希土類-鉄系ボンド磁石の製造方法とそれを用いたモータ |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US7967919B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1752994A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4525678B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100505117C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005124795A1 (ja) |
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JP2006073880A (ja) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 繊維強化層一体型可撓性希土類ボンド磁石 |
JP2011077082A (ja) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-14 | Minebea Co Ltd | 異方性希土類−鉄系樹脂磁石 |
JP2013045902A (ja) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-04 | Minebea Co Ltd | 希土類樹脂磁石の製造方法 |
JP2013085356A (ja) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-05-09 | Minebea Co Ltd | インナーロータ型永久磁石モータ |
US10511212B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2019-12-17 | Minebea Mitsumi Inc. | Inner rotor-type permanent magnet motor with annular magnetic poles |
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WO2006022101A1 (ja) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 自己組織化した網目状境界相を有する異方性希土類ボンド磁石とそれを用いた永久磁石型モータ |
US8072109B2 (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2011-12-06 | Panasonic Corporation | Radial anisotropic magnet manufacturing method, permanent magnet motor using radial anisotropic magnet, and iron core-equipped permanent magnet motor |
CN101485065B (zh) * | 2006-11-27 | 2011-07-20 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 永久磁铁转子及使用其的马达 |
US8040007B2 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2011-10-18 | Direct Drive Systems, Inc. | Rotor for electric machine having a sleeve with segmented layers |
JP5267800B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2013-08-21 | ミネベア株式会社 | 自己修復性希土類−鉄系磁石 |
US9322399B2 (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2016-04-26 | Oilfield Equipment Development Center Limited | Encapsulated rotor for permanent magnet submersible motor |
US20140072470A1 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | Advanced Materials Corporation | Consolidation of exchange-coupled magnets using equal channel angle extrusion |
JPWO2014054618A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-03 | 2016-08-25 | 戸田工業株式会社 | 銀ハイブリッド銅粉とその製造法、該銀ハイブリッド銅粉を含有する導電性ペースト、導電性接着剤、導電性膜、及び電気回路 |
DE102013213645A1 (de) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochgefüllte matrixgebundene anisotrope Hochleistungspermanentmagnete und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
JP2017022191A (ja) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-26 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 磁石の製造方法及び磁石 |
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CN110491615A (zh) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-11-22 | 山东科技大学 | 一种用于小型直流电机的钕铁硼磁体制备方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7967919B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
JP4525678B2 (ja) | 2010-08-18 |
EP1752994A4 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
CN100505117C (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
US20070228845A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
EP1752994A1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
JPWO2005124795A1 (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
CN1969346A (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
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