WO2005083881A1 - 弾性表面波装置 - Google Patents
弾性表面波装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005083881A1 WO2005083881A1 PCT/JP2005/002895 JP2005002895W WO2005083881A1 WO 2005083881 A1 WO2005083881 A1 WO 2005083881A1 JP 2005002895 W JP2005002895 W JP 2005002895W WO 2005083881 A1 WO2005083881 A1 WO 2005083881A1
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- acoustic wave
- surface acoustic
- electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/08—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of resonators or networks using surface acoustic waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02535—Details of surface acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02984—Protection measures against damaging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/125—Driving means, e.g. electrodes, coils
- H03H9/145—Driving means, e.g. electrodes, coils for networks using surface acoustic waves
- H03H9/14538—Formation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/25—Constructional features of resonators using surface acoustic waves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface acoustic wave device used for, for example, a resonator or a bandpass filter.
- the present invention relates to a surface acoustic wave device having a structure in which an insulator layer is formed so as to cover an electrode.
- DPX and RF filters used in mobile communication systems are required to satisfy both broadband and good temperature characteristics.
- a surface acoustic wave device that has been used for a DPX or RF filter uses a piezoelectric substrate that is a 36 ° -50 ° rotating Y-plate X-propagating LiTaO force.
- This piezoelectric substrate has a frequency temperature coefficient of about ⁇ 40 ⁇ 30 ppm / ° C. Therefore, in order to improve the temperature characteristics, a method of forming a SiO film having a positive frequency temperature coefficient on the piezoelectric substrate so as to cover the IDT electrode is known.
- FIG. 18 shows an example of a method of manufacturing this type of surface acoustic wave device.
- a resist pattern 52 is formed on a piezoelectric substrate 51 except for a portion where an IDT electrode is formed.
- an electrode film 53 for forming an IDT electrode is formed on the entire surface.
- the resist 52 and the metal film adhering to the resist 52 are removed using a resist stripper.
- the IDT electrode 53A is formed as shown in FIG.
- an SiO film 54 is formed so as to cover the IDT electrode 53A.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the surface acoustic wave device described in the prior art.
- an IDT electrode 63 made of an alloy mainly composed of A or A1 is formed on a piezoelectric substrate 62.
- an insulating or anti-conductive electrode finger film 64 is formed in an area other than the area where the IDT electrode 63 is provided.
- the IDT electrode 63 and the inter-electrode finger film 64 should be An edge or anti-conductive protective film 65 is formed.
- the inter-electrode finger film 64 and the protective film 65 are made of an insulating material such as SiO, or an anti-conductive material such as silicon. .
- the formation of the electrode inter-electrode film 63 suppresses deterioration of characteristics due to discharge between electrode fingers due to pyroelectricity of the piezoelectric substrate 61.
- Patent Document 2 an electrode made of a metal such as aluminum or gold is formed on a piezoelectric substrate made of quartz or lithium niobate.
- a one-port type surface acoustic wave resonator formed by flattening the SiO film is disclosed. Here, it is stated that good resonance characteristics can be obtained by flattening.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-11-186866
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-61-136312
- the IDT electrode 63 is made of an alloy mainly composed of A or A1.
- the interdigital electrode 64 was formed so as to be in contact with the IDT electrode 63, a sufficient reflection coefficient could not be obtained in the IDT electrode 63. For this reason, for example, there is a problem that a lip is likely to occur in resonance characteristics and the like.
- the resist formed on the inter-electrode-finger film 64 must be removed using a resist stripper.
- the IDT electrode 63 may be corroded by the resist stripper. Therefore, IDT As a metal constituting the pole, a metal which is easily corroded could not be used. That is, there were restrictions on the types of metal constituting the IDT electrode.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a surface acoustic wave device in which an insulating layer is formed on an electrode, in view of the above-mentioned state of the art, in which deterioration of characteristics due to ripples appearing in resonance characteristics and the like is achieved. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a surface acoustic wave device having good resonance characteristics and filter characteristics.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a good resonance characteristic can be obtained by flattening the upper surface of the Si ⁇ film. Therefore, the present inventors used a LiTaO substrate having a large electromechanical coupling coefficient as a piezoelectric substrate to obtain a broadband filter, and otherwise used a one-port elastic surface in the same manner as the structure described in Patent Document 2.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show IDT electrodes made of aluminum, gold or platinum with various thicknesses on a LiTaO substrate with Euler angles (0 °, 126 °, 0 °), and a Si film.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electrode thickness ⁇ / ⁇ of the surface acoustic wave device and the reflection coefficient.
- the solid line in FIGS. 2 and 3 shows the change in the reflection coefficient when the surface of the Si film was flattened as schematically shown in FIGS. Shows the change in the reflection coefficient when the surface of the Si ⁇ film is flattened. As is clear from FIGS.
- the density of the electrode is not less than 1.5 times the density of the first SiO layer
- a second SiO layer formed so as to cover the second SiO layer, and a second SiO layer formed on the second SiO layer.
- a surface acoustic wave device further comprising a silicon nitride compound layer formed.
- the thickness of the second Si layer is
- the silicon nitride compound layer is made of a SiN layer, the thickness of the SiN layer is h, and the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave is I; Then, when it is 0 ⁇ /l ⁇ 0.1, it is considered that it is.
- the silicon nitride compound layer may be SiN other than SiN.
- the second SiO layer may be SiN other than SiN.
- the device further comprises a diffusion prevention film made of SiN disposed between the electrode and the electrode, wherein the thickness of the diffusion prevention film is h, and ⁇ 0 ⁇ 05.
- the electrode is made of Cu or a Cu alloy, or a laminated film having a main metal layer made of Cu or a Cu alloy.
- the piezoelectric substrate is made of a rotating Y-plate X-propagating LiTa ⁇ or LiNbO, and the thickness of the second SiO layer is set to h.
- the cut angle is in the range of ⁇ ⁇ 5 °.
- a metal having a high beam density, an alloy containing the metal as a main component, or a metal having a higher density than A1 or the metal is mainly provided on the piezoelectric substrate.
- An electrode composed of a laminated film having a main metal layer made of an alloy to be formed is formed, and in a region other than a region where the electrode is formed, a film thickness substantially equal to that of the electrode is formed.
- the first SiO layer is formed, and covers the electrode and the ISiO layer.
- the second SiO layer is formed, and the electrode density is 1.5 times or more the density of the first SiO layer.
- the upper surface of the second SiO layer is flattened, and resonance characteristics and filter characteristics are not improved.
- the ripple that appears is moved out of the band, and the ripple is suppressed. Further, good frequency-temperature characteristics can be realized.
- the characteristics can be adjusted.
- the thickness of the second SiO layer is h and the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave is ⁇ , 0.008 ⁇ h /
- a diffusion barrier film made of SiN is provided between the second SiO layer and the electrode.
- the thickness of the diffusion barrier film is h and the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave is I, and if it is in the range of 0.005 ⁇ h / ⁇ 0.05, the variation of the frequency-temperature characteristic TCF Can be reduced, and the resistance when a DC voltage is added can be increased. In addition, when the above diffusion prevention film is provided, the diffusion of the electrode material into the second Si layer is prevented.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic partially cutaway front sectional view of a surface acoustic wave device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows that Al, with various film thicknesses, were formed on a LiTaO substrate having Euler angles (0 °, 126 °, 0 °).
- An IDT electrode made of Au or Pt is formed, and a SiO film with a normalized thickness HsZ of 0.2
- the surface of the SiO film was flattened in a 1-port type surface acoustic wave resonator formed with 2.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a relationship between the electrode thickness and the reflection coefficient in the case and when the surface is not flat.
- Fig. 3 shows that Al, with various film thicknesses, were deposited on a LiTaO substrate with Euler angles (0 °, 126 °, 0 °).
- An IDT electrode made of Cu or Ag is formed, and a SiO film with a normalized thickness Hs /
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a relationship between the electrode thickness and the reflection coefficient in the case and when the surface is not flat.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining an electrode structure of the surface acoustic wave device according to the first embodiment, in which a state before a SiN layer is formed is shown.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in the resonance frequency fa when the thickness of the SiN film is changed in the surface acoustic wave device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a frequency and a frequency temperature coefficient TCF when frequency adjustment is performed by adjusting FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows the case where the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the SiN film in the surface acoustic wave device of the first embodiment, and the case of the SiO film in the surface acoustic wave device for comparison.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between frequency and fractional bandwidth when frequency adjustment is performed by adjusting the film thickness.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in impedance frequency characteristics and phase frequency characteristics of the surface acoustic wave device when the thickness of the SiN film is increased in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in fractional band when the thickness of a SiN film is changed in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a change in anti-resonance resistance Ra when the thickness of the SiN film is changed in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 shows that the surface of the insulator layer made of SiO, which was the premise of the first embodiment, was flattened.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating impedance-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of a surface acoustic wave device.
- FIG. 12 shows the second embodiment in which the surface of the second Si layer made of SiO is flattened.
- the thickness of the SiN film was changed when the thickness of the SiN film was changed, and in a surface acoustic wave device in which the surface of the second Si ⁇ layer was not flattened.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of SiN and the fractional band when formed.
- FIG. 13 shows the present embodiment in which the surface of the second Si ⁇ layer made of SiO is flattened.
- the thickness of the SiN film was changed when the thickness of the SiN film was changed, and in a surface acoustic wave device in which the surface of the second Si ⁇ layer was not flattened.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between the thickness of SiN and the anti-resonance resistance Ra when the SiN is formed.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic partial cutaway front sectional view of a surface acoustic wave device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 15 (a) and (b) are SIM photographs showing the state in which Cu as an electrode material is diffused from the IDT electrode when the SiN film as the diffusion prevention film is not formed
- FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph showing a state in which diffusion has occurred and a void has occurred in the electrode.
- FIG. 16 shows (a) and (b) SIMs showing a state in which almost no diffusion from the IDT electrode occurs in the second embodiment in which a SiN film as a diffusion prevention film is formed. It is a photograph and a scanning electron micrograph.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the results of a high-temperature load test of the surface acoustic wave device of the second embodiment and the surface acoustic wave device of the comparative example in which the diffusion preventing film made of SiN is not formed.
- (a)-(d) are front cross-sectional views of respective partially cutouts for explaining a method of manufacturing a conventional surface acoustic wave device.
- FIG. 19 is a cutaway front sectional view showing an example of a conventional surface acoustic wave device.
- FIGS. 20 (a) to 20 (g) are schematic partial cutaway sectional views for explaining a method of manufacturing a surface acoustic wave device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between the normalized film thickness of the Si ⁇ film of the surface acoustic wave resonator obtained by the manufacturing method of the comparative example, and the phase characteristics and the impedance characteristics.
- Figure 22 shows the thickness of the Si ⁇ film in the surface acoustic wave resonator prepared for comparison.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the resonator and the MF.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing changes in impedance characteristics and phase characteristics when the normalized thickness of the Si film is changed in the manufacturing method of the reference example.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the SiO film and the ⁇ of the resonator in the surface acoustic wave resonator obtained by the manufacturing method of the reference example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 25 is a view showing the relationship between the thickness of the SiO film and the MF of the resonator in the surface acoustic wave resonator obtained by the manufacturing method of the reference example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the Si film in the surface acoustic wave resonators prepared in the reference example and the comparative example and the change in the frequency temperature characteristic TCF.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a surface acoustic wave resonator provided with an SiO film prepared in a second comparative example, and impedance-frequency characteristics without an SiO film.
- FIGS. 28 (a) and (e) show the first Si ⁇ layer having the average density of the IDT electrode and the protective metal film.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in impedance characteristics when the ratio of the density of No. 2 to the density is changed.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing changes in electromechanical coupling coefficient when IDT electrodes made of various metals are formed in various thicknesses on a LiTaO substrate having Euler angles (0 °, 126 °, 0 °). It is.
- Fig. 30 shows the electrode film thickness range and electrode material where the electromechanical coupling coefficient is larger when the IDT electrode is formed with various metals on the LiTaO substrate than when the A1 strong electrode is used.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship with density.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a change in anti-resonance Ra when the thickness of a SiN film as a diffusion prevention film is changed in an experimental example of the surface acoustic wave device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a change in a ratio band (%) of a filter when the thickness of a SiN film as a diffusion prevention film is changed in an experimental example of the surface acoustic wave device according to the second embodiment. It is.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a change in frequency temperature characteristic TCF when the thickness of a SiN film as a diffusion prevention film is changed in an experimental example of the surface acoustic wave device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a cut of a LiTaO substrate in the surface acoustic wave device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in anti-resonance Q value when an angle is changed.
- the anti-resonance Ra is considered to be a good value. It is a figure which shows the change of the optimal cut angle obtained.
- a LiTaO substrate 1 is prepared as a piezoelectric substrate. Ginseng
- a piezoelectric single crystal may be used.
- a first Si layer 2 is formed on the entire surface of the LiTaO substrate 1.
- Layer 2 is formed of a SiO film.
- the first SiO layer 2 is formed by an appropriate method such as printing, vapor deposition, or sputtering.
- the thickness of the first SiO layer 2 is the same as the thickness of the IDT electrode formed later.
- a portion of the first Si layer 2 below the resist 3 is formed by a reactive ion etching (RIE) method of irradiating ions. Excluding the part
- the region where the first SiO layer 2 is removed that is, the region where the IDT is formed is
- the Cu film 4 is provided, and the Cu film 4 is also provided on the resist pattern 3 at the same time.
- a Ti film 5 is formed as an entire surface protective metal film. As shown in FIG. 20E, the Ti film 5 is provided on the upper surface of the IDT electrode 4A and on the Cu film 4 on the resist pattern 3. Therefore, the IDT electrode 4A has the side surface covered with the first SiO layer 2 and the upper surface covered with the Ti film 5.
- the IDT electrode 4A and the protective metal film are formed, and the total thickness of the IDT electrode 4A and the thickness of the Ti film 5 as the protective metal film is equal to the thickness of the first SiO layer 2.
- the ID is assigned to the remaining area excluding the area where the first SiO layer 2 is provided.
- an SiO film is formed as the second SiO layer 6 on the entire surface.
- the surface acoustic wave resonator 11 includes reflectors 12 and 13 on both sides of the IDT electrode 4A in the surface acoustic wave propagation direction.
- the reflectors 12, 13 are also formed by the same process as the IDT electrode 4A.
- a single IDT electrode 4A is formed on the LiTaO substrate 1 depending on the application of the force surface acoustic wave device.
- a plurality of IDT electrodes may be formed, or the reflector may be formed by the same process as the IDT as described above, and the reflector may not be provided.
- a one-port surface acoustic wave resonator was manufactured according to the conventional method for manufacturing a surface acoustic wave device having a SiO film shown in FIG.
- the substrate material a 36 ° rotated Y-plate X-propagation ((0 °, 126 °, 0 °) Euler angle) LiTa ⁇ substrate was used, and the IDT electrode was formed of Cu. .
- the Si film 54 was formed after the IDT electrode 53A was formed, irregularities had to be generated on the surface of the SiO film 54.
- the normalized thickness hZ ⁇ (h is the thickness of the IDT electrode, ⁇ is the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave) of the IDT electrode made of Cu is 0.042
- the normalized thickness HsZ (Hs is FIG. 21 shows the impedance characteristics and the phase characteristics when the thickness of the Si film was 0.11, 0.22, and 0.33.
- the impedance ratio which is the ratio of the impedance at the anti-resonance point to the impedance at the resonance point, decreases as the normalized thickness of the SiO 2 film increases.
- FIG. 22 shows the normalized film thickness Hs of the SiO film of the surface acoustic wave resonator manufactured in the comparative example.
- the IDT electrode and the SiO film are formed in accordance with the conventional method shown in FIG. 18, even if the IDT electrode is formed of Cu, the characteristics are increased as the thickness of the SiO film is increased. Degraded significantly. This is inevitable because the above-mentioned irregularities must be formed on the surface of the SiO film.
- FIGS. 23-25 show that the characteristics are unlikely to deteriorate even when the thickness of the SiO film is increased according to the manufacturing method of the present reference example.
- FIG. 23 shows the impedance characteristic and phase when the surface acoustic wave resonator 11 is obtained according to the above reference example, that is, when the thickness of the second Si layer 6 is changed.
- FIG. 24 and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in the capacitance ratios ⁇ and MF of the resonator when the thickness Hs / ⁇ of the SiO film is changed.
- the volume ratio gamma the electromechanical coupling coefficient is k 2
- the piezoelectric Balta waves from theoretical ⁇ l / k 2 - 1 and is approximated, gamma force Micromax, is, the more, the electromechanical coupling coefficient k 2 Is large, which is preferable.
- FIG. 23 is clearly evident.
- the normalized thickness Hs / ⁇ of the SiO film is increased as compared with the comparative example. It can be seen that the impedance hardly decreases.
- FIG. 26 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the SiO film and the frequency temperature characteristic TCF of the surface acoustic wave resonator obtained by the manufacturing method of the comparative example and the reference example.
- the frequency temperature characteristic TCF can be ideally improved in accordance with the increase in the thickness. I understand. As is clear from FIG. 26, assuming that the thickness of the SiO film is h and the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave is ⁇ .
- the frequency temperature characteristic TCF is larger than 20 pp mZ ° C, that is, the absolute value of the frequency temperature characteristic TCF is smaller than 20 ppmZ ° C. It can be seen that the variation of the frequency temperature characteristic TCF can be effectively improved. Therefore, also in the surface acoustic wave device according to the embodiment of the present invention described later, assuming that the thickness of the second SiO layer is h, h / ⁇ is 0.08 or more and 0.5 or less, as described later. Power to do S desired
- a surface acoustic wave resonator according to a second comparative example was manufactured in the same manner as in the above reference example, except that an A1 film was used instead of Cu. However, the normalized thickness of the Si ⁇ film
- the normalized thickness of the first Si layer was set to 0.08. Obtained in this way
- the solid line shows the impedance and phase characteristics of the surface acoustic wave resonator thus obtained.
- the configuration was the same as that of the second comparative example.
- a surface acoustic wave resonator was manufactured in the same manner as in the above-mentioned Reference Example, except that the density of the metal constituting the IDT electrode 4 was varied in accordance with the same manufacturing method as in the above-mentioned Reference Example.
- the impedance characteristics of the surface acoustic wave resonator obtained in this way are shown in Figs. 28 (a) and (e).
- Figure 28 (a)-(e) shows the ratio p ZP force of the average density p of the stacked structure of the IDT electrode and the protective metal film to the density ⁇ of the first Si ⁇ layer, 2.5 and 2.0, respectively. 1.5, 1.2 and
- the first SiO layer having the laminated structure of the IDT electrode and the protective metal film It can be seen that if the density ratio with respect to is more than 1.5 times, the ripple A is shifted to the outside of the resonance frequency-anti-resonance frequency band, and good characteristics can be obtained. Further, it can be seen that, more preferably, when the above-mentioned density ratio is 2.5 times or more, the ripple itself can be reduced.
- the average density was used because the Ti film was laminated on the IDT electrode 4A according to the above reference example.
- the protective metal film may not be provided on 4A. In this case, the thickness of the IDT electrode 4A is
- the density of the IDT electrode or the average density of the stacked body of the IDT electrode and the protective metal film is located on the side of the IDT electrode. If the density is higher than the density of the first Si ⁇ layer, the reflection coefficient of the IDT electrode is increased.
- Examples of the metal or alloy having a high beam density include Ag, Au, and alloys mainly composed of these, in addition to Cu.
- first and second Si ⁇ layers may be formed of an insulating material other than Si ⁇ , such as SiO N, having an effect of improving temperature characteristics.
- the first and second Si ⁇ layers are made of different insulating materials.
- It may be composed of 2 2 or may be composed of materials, as described above.
- Fig. 29 shows various thicknesses of LiTaO substrates with Euler angles (0 °, 126 °, 0 °).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a normalized film thickness ⁇ / ⁇ of an IDT and an electromechanical coupling coefficient when an IDT electrode is formed using a suitable metal.
- the normalized film thickness of the electrode having an electromechanical coupling coefficient larger than that of Al obtained from FIG. 29 was examined for each metal, the result shown in FIG. 30 was obtained. That is, FIG. 30 shows the case where IDT electrodes made of metals of various densities are formed on the LiTaO substrate.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an electrode film thickness range in which the electromechanical coupling coefficient is larger than that when an IDT electrode made of A1 is formed as described above.
- the upper limit of the electrode film thickness range of each metal is the limit value of the range where the electromechanical coupling coefficient is larger than A1
- the lower limit of the electrode film thickness range of each metal is the fabrication limit. Is shown.
- the range of the electrode film thickness with a large electromechanical coupling coefficient is y and the density is X
- Electrodes are formed on a piezoelectric substrate with a thickness of Hs / ⁇ SiO.
- the normalized film thickness H / of the electrode is 0.005 ⁇ / ⁇ 0.00025 X ⁇ -0.010 01056 X ⁇ +0.16473... Equation (1)
- ⁇ indicates the average density of the electrode.
- the electrode is formed using a metal having a higher density than aluminum described above.
- the electrode may be made of a metal having a higher density than aluminum, or may be made of an alloy mainly composed of aluminum. Further, it may have a laminated structure of a main metal film made of aluminum or an alloy containing aluminum as a main component, and a sub metal film made of a metal different from the metal film. If the electrode is composed of a laminated film and the average density of the electrode is ⁇ and the metal density of the main electrode layer is ⁇ 0, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.3 If it is an average density.
- the surface of the second SiO layer is flattened as described above.
- the flattening of the electrode is 30 times the thickness of the electrode. /. What is necessary is just to have the following irregularities. If it exceeds 30%, the effect of flattening may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the planarization of the second SiO layer is performed by various methods.
- Examples include a flattening method by etch back, a flattening method using an oblique incidence effect by a reverse sputtering effect, a method of polishing the surface of an insulating layer, and a method of polishing an electrode. Two or more of these methods may be used in combination.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front sectional view of a surface acoustic wave device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode structure of the surface acoustic wave device of the present embodiment is the same as that of the surface acoustic wave device 11 described above. That is, the electrode structure shown in FIG. 4 is also formed in the surface acoustic wave device of the present embodiment. Therefore, FIG. 4 is also a schematic plan view for explaining the electrode structure of the surface acoustic wave device of the present embodiment. However, FIG. 4 does not show the SiN layer described later.
- the surface acoustic wave device 21 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the surface acoustic wave device 11 described above, except that the SiN layer 22 is provided on the top. It is composed of
- the surface acoustic wave device 21 has the piezoelectric substrate 1 made of a 36 ° rotation Y-plate X-propagation LiTaO substrate. IDT electrodes as electrodes are placed on the piezoelectric substrate 1.
- an IDT electrode 4A shown in FIG. 4 and reflectors 12 and 13 arranged on both sides of the IDT electrode 4A in the surface wave propagation direction are formed as electrodes. That is, the IDT electrode 4A and the reflectors 12 and 13 are formed to form a one-port surface acoustic wave resonator.
- the IDT electrode 4A has a pair of comb electrodes having a plurality of electrode fingers, and the electrode fingers of the pair of comb electrodes are interposed.
- Each of the reflectors 12 and 13 has a structure in which a plurality of electrode fingers are short-circuited at both ends.
- a first SiO layer 2 is formed in the remaining region of the region where the electrodes are provided.
- the thickness of the first SiO layer 2 is made equal to the thickness of the electrode. Therefore, the electrode and the first
- the upper surface of the structure consisting of the Si ⁇ layer 2 is flattened as in the case of the above-mentioned reference example.
- the upper surface of the electrode and the upper surface of the first SiO layer 2 are at the same height.
- a second SiO layer 6 is formed so as to cover the electrode and the first Si layer 2.
- the second SiO layer 6 is formed by using a thin film forming method such as sputtering, the second SiO layer 6
- the upper surface of the SiO layer 6 can be a flat surface. That is, as described above, the first Si ⁇ layer 2
- the second SiO layer 6 was formed by the thin film formation method.
- the upper surface of the second Si ⁇ layer 6 is made almost flat, thereby undesired ripple.
- the upper surface of the second Si ⁇ ⁇ layer 6 is planarized using the various planarization methods described above.
- 2 ⁇ ⁇ is preferably 0.08 or more and 0.5 or less from the results shown in Fig. 26, so that the absolute value of the variation of the frequency temperature characteristic TCF should be 20 ppm / ° C or less. Can be.
- the surface acoustic wave device 21 has substantially the same configuration as the surface acoustic wave device 1 of the above-described reference example except for the SiN layer 22. That is, in the surface acoustic wave device 21 as well, the electrodes are made of (1) a metal having a high density of the A beam or an alloy containing the metal as a main component, or (2) a metal having a high density of the A beam. A metal layer made of an alloy containing a metal as a main component is used as a main metal layer, and a stacked film in which a metal layer made of another metal is stacked on the main metal layer. The density of the electrode is 1% of the density of the first SiO layer 2.
- the surface acoustic wave device 21 of the present embodiment similarly exhibits the operational effects obtained by the surface acoustic wave device 11 of the reference example.
- the SiN layer 2 is covered so as to cover the second SiO layer 6.
- the SiN layer 22 is formed by forming a SiN film. That is, the SiN layer 22 is made of a material having a different sound velocity from the second SiO layer 6.
- the relative bandwidth (fa-fc) / fc (%) can be increased.
- fc indicates the resonance frequency
- fa indicates the anti-resonance frequency. Since the resistance at the anti-resonance frequency fa, that is, the anti-resonance resistance Ra increases, the Q at the anti-resonance frequency fa increases.For example, in a bandpass filter configured using a plurality of The amount of attenuation in the attenuation region on the high frequency side can be increased, and the sharpness of the filter characteristics can be increased. [0086] The fact that the surface acoustic wave device 21 of the present embodiment has the various functions and effects described above will be described based on more specific experimental examples.
- a first SiO layer 2 was formed on a 36-degree rotated Y-plate X-propagation LiTaO substrate as the piezoelectric substrate 1.
- a Si ⁇ film having a thickness h / ⁇ 0.04 constituting 32 was formed on the entire surface.
- the SiO film was patterned.
- the pattern jung was performed so that the Si film in the region where the electrode was formed was removed.
- the Ti film and the Cu film on the resist pattern on the SiO film were removed.
- the first SiO layer 2 and the electrode were formed.
- a SiN film was formed by sputtering to form a SiN layer 22.
- the frequency can be adjusted by processing the SiN layer 22 after measuring the frequency characteristics. This will be described with reference to FIG.
- the data such as the frequency characteristics in Fig. 5 and the following other figures are based on the case where a one-port type surface acoustic wave resonator in the 1.9GHz band having the electrode structure schematically shown in Fig. 4 was manufactured. This is the characteristic of
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in the anti-resonance frequency fa when the thickness of the SiN film 22 in the surface acoustic wave device 1 is changed.
- the anti-resonance frequency fa is greatly changed. Therefore, for example, reactive ion etching or inactivation of Ar, N, etc.
- the frequency can be easily adjusted by reducing the thickness of the SiN film as the SiN layer 22 by, for example, physical etching by irradiation with neutral ions.
- the frequency adjustment by adjusting the film thickness of the SiN layer 22 can be easily performed at the stage of a mother wafer for obtaining the surface acoustic wave device 21.
- the SiN layer 22 is formed by reactive ion etching or physical etching by irradiation with inert ions such as Ar and N.
- the frequency When the frequency is adjusted so as to reduce the film thickness, the frequency can be adjusted even when the surface acoustic wave device 21 is mounted on the package.
- a surface acoustic wave device 11 of a reference example configured in the same manner as described above was prepared.
- the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the second SiO layer 6.
- the frequency temperature coefficient TCF (ppm / ° C) and the relative bandwidth [%] fluctuated greatly.
- the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the SiN layer 22 made of the SiN film.
- changes in the frequency temperature coefficient TCF and the relative bandwidth can be suppressed. This will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the reason why the fractional bandwidth changes is that the electromechanical coupling coefficient fluctuates by adjusting the film thickness.
- FIG. 6 shows a case where the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the SiN film in the present embodiment, and a case where the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the SiO film in the surface acoustic wave device 11 of the reference example.
- Fig. 7 shows the frequency-dependent change in the frequency temperature coefficient TCF when frequency adjustment is performed, and Fig. 7 shows the change in the relative bandwidth [%] with frequency.
- the frequency temperature coefficient TCF and the fractional bandwidth vary greatly depending on the frequency.
- the frequency temperature coefficient TCF and the relative bandwidth change. You don't invite Therefore, as described above, in the present embodiment, it can be seen that by forming the SiN layer 22, the frequency adjustment can be performed without causing a large change in the relative bandwidth and the frequency temperature coefficient TCF. In particular, as is apparent from FIG.
- h / ⁇ is set to 0 and h / ⁇ 0.1.
- the variation of the frequency temperature characteristic TCF can be set to 10 PP m / ° C or less.
- the SiN layer 22 is made of SiN
- the second Si layer 22 is made of SiN
- the film thickness of the SiN layer 22 can be easily adjusted by reactive ion etching, and the process of removing the insulating film on the electrode pad portion that needs to be exposed for electrical connection to the outside at the electrode. Simplification can be achieved.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show changes in the relative bandwidth and the anti-resonance resistance Ra when the thickness of the SiN film is changed.
- the resonance frequency fr and the antiresonance frequency fa increase.
- the specific bandwidth increases as the thickness of the SiN layer 22 increases.
- the thickness of the SiN layer 22 is 100-200 nm, that is, when h / e is in the range of 0.05-0.1, the relative bandwidth can be increased to 3.1% or more. s power.
- the anti-resonance resistance Ra can be increased by increasing the thickness of the SiN film, and thereby the Q at the anti-resonance frequency increases. Therefore, in the bandpass filter configured by using the surface acoustic wave device 21, the steepness of the filter characteristic on the high band side of the pass band is effectively increased.
- the normalized thickness hZ ⁇ is 0.05-0.
- the anti-resonance resistance Ra is S57.5 dB or more, and in the case of 150 nm, that is, 0.075 in h / ⁇ , the anti-resonance resistance Ra is the largest at about 60 dB.
- the surface of the second Si layer 6 is flattened, and the second Si layer
- the SiN layer 22 was formed on the upper surface of the layer 6, and the characteristics were improved as described above.
- the effect of the formation of the SiN layer 22 is that the surface of the second SiO layer 6 is flattened as described above.
- FIG. 11 shows the frequency characteristics of the surface acoustic wave device of the above embodiment before forming the SiN layer 22, except that the upper surface of the SiO film is not flattened for comparison. Indicates the frequency characteristic of the surface acoustic wave device configured in the same manner.
- a surface acoustic wave device for comparison was obtained by forming an SiO film with a thickness of 2).
- Figure 1 A surface acoustic wave device for comparison was obtained by forming an SiO film with a thickness of 2).
- the resistance at the anti-resonance frequency that is, the anti-resonance resistance and the specific bandwidth can be increased by flattening.
- the thickness of the SiO film forming the second SiO layer 6 is the thickness of the SiO film forming the second SiO layer 6 .
- Fig. 34 shows an example of the change in the anti-resonance Q value depending on the cut angle.
- the normalized thickness of the SiO film constituting the second Si ⁇ layer 6 is 0.28
- the normalized thickness of the SiN constituting the SiN layer 22 is 0.28.
- the normalized film thickness is set to 0.075, and the cut angle of the piezoelectric substrate made of LiTaO is changed.
- the anti-resonance Q value is preferably as high as about 500 or more, which is preferable.
- LiTaO that realizes the range where the antiresonance Q value is about 500 or more
- H is the thickness of the SiN film forming the SiN layer, and h is the second SiO layer 6
- FIG. 14 is a schematic front sectional view showing a surface acoustic wave device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a 36 ° rotation Y-plate X-propagation LiTaO substrate In the surface acoustic wave device 31, a 36 ° rotation Y-plate X-propagation LiTaO substrate
- Electrodes are formed on the conductive substrate 1.
- the electrode has the same planar shape as the electrode of the first embodiment. That is, also in the present embodiment, the electrodes are formed so as to have the IDT electrode 4A and the pair of reflectors 12 and 13 so as to constitute a 1.9 GHz band one-port elastic surface wave resonator.
- the electrodes are formed of a Ti film, a Cu film, and a Ti film so as to have a thickness of 5 nm, 65 nm, and 10 nm, respectively.
- the first SiO layer 32 therefore has a thickness of 80 nm
- diffusion prevention is performed so as to cover the electrode and the first Si layer 32.
- a film 35 is formed.
- the diffusion prevention film 35 is configured by a SiN film.
- a second Si layer 36 is formed on the diffusion preventing film 35.
- the diffusion prevention film 35 made of SiN since the diffusion prevention film 35 made of SiN is formed, the diffusion of metal particles from the electrode into the second SiO layer 36 is effectively suppressed.
- the second SiO layer 36 as a temperature characteristic improving film for improving the temperature characteristics is formed of a Si layer.
- the insulating material on the electrode pad of the electrode is removed in order to expose the electrode pad by reactive ion etching, which is formed by depositing a 22 film.
- the electrode material, in this embodiment Cu diffuses. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, when the diffusion preventing film 35 is not provided, voids are generated in the electrodes due to the diffusion of Cu, or the surface of the second SiO layer 32 is not formed. Is lost.
- Table 1 below shows the case of the surface acoustic wave device according to the second embodiment in which the diffusion prevention film 35 is provided and the case in which the diffusion prevention film 35 is provided.
- the diffusion prevention film 35 is made of SiN
- the obtained surface acoustic wave device 11 was housed in a knock cage, and subjected to shear bonding and sealing to obtain a surface acoustic wave device component.
- a high-temperature load test was performed on the obtained surface acoustic wave device parts for about 600 hours in the following manner.
- High-temperature load test With a DC 6 V voltage applied to the surface acoustic wave device components, the components were put into a high-temperature bath at 125 ° C, and the elapsed time of insulation resistance was measured.
- the thickness h of the diffusion preventing film 35 made of SiN is in the range of 0.005 ⁇ h / X ⁇ 0.05 when the wavelength of the surface acoustic wave is ⁇ . . This will be described with reference to FIGS. 31 to 33 and Table 2 below.
- FIG. 31 to FIG. 33 are diagrams showing changes in the above-described anti-resonance resistance, filter specific band (%), and temperature characteristic TCF of the resonance frequency when the thickness of the SiN film is changed.
- each surface acoustic wave filter was similar to the above except that the thickness of the SiN film was changed to 5 nm, 10 nm, and 30 nm.
- the device 11 was manufactured, and for comparison, a surface acoustic wave device 11 having no diffusion barrier film was manufactured, and a high-temperature load test was performed. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- ⁇ indicates no failure (insulation resistance is 10 6 ⁇ or more), ⁇ indicates that some effect was observed although some suppression effect was observed, and X indicates that all were faulty due to poor tolerance. Means To taste.
- the thickness of the diffusion prevention film 35 made of the SiN film is in the range of 10—100 nm, that is, 0.0005-0 in the normalized film thickness h / ⁇ .
- the value in the range of .05 it is possible to provide a surface acoustic wave device 11 having a stable temperature characteristic with a variation of TCF of 10 ppm / ° C or less and also having excellent resistance when a DC voltage is applied. I understand.
- the diffusion barrier film 35 is made of SiN, but another nitride film may be used. Such other nitride films include A1N, TiN, TaN, Wn, and the like. Further, the diffusion prevention film may be composed of an oxide film. Examples of such an oxide film include TaO.
- the diffusion prevention film 35 may be configured to cover the side surfaces of the force electrode formed so as to cover the upper surface of the electrode. This is desirable because diffusion can be more effectively prevented.
- the diffusion barrier film 35 is disposed between the electrode and the second SiO layer 36.
- the provided SiN layer 22 may be provided. In that case, both effects obtained in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be obtained.
- a LiTaO substrate with a 36 ° rotation Y plate and X propagation is used as the piezoelectric substrate, but a LiTaO substrate with another cut angle may be used.
- LiNbO substrate Use any other piezoelectric substrate.
- a one-port surface acoustic wave resonator has been described.
- the present invention provides a ladder using a plurality of such one-port surface acoustic wave resonators. It should be pointed out that the present invention can be applied to various surface acoustic wave devices such as surface acoustic wave filters such as type filters.
- the electrodes are not limited to the one-port type surface acoustic wave resonator, and the electrodes may be formed to have various filters and resonator structures.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2006510429A JP4453701B2 (ja) | 2004-03-02 | 2005-02-23 | 弾性表面波装置 |
US11/469,505 US7327071B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2006-09-01 | Surface acoustic wave device |
US11/960,074 US20080160178A1 (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2007-12-19 | Surface acoustic wave device |
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JP2004057935 | 2004-03-02 | ||
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US11/469,505 Continuation US7327071B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2006-09-01 | Surface acoustic wave device |
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JP (1) | JP4453701B2 (ja) |
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US20080160178A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
JPWO2005083881A1 (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
JP4453701B2 (ja) | 2010-04-21 |
CN1926762A (zh) | 2007-03-07 |
US7327071B2 (en) | 2008-02-05 |
US20060290233A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
CN100563100C (zh) | 2009-11-25 |
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