WO2005059609A1 - 複屈折フィルムの製造方法、それを用いた光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 - Google Patents
複屈折フィルムの製造方法、それを用いた光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005059609A1 WO2005059609A1 PCT/JP2004/014479 JP2004014479W WO2005059609A1 WO 2005059609 A1 WO2005059609 A1 WO 2005059609A1 JP 2004014479 W JP2004014479 W JP 2004014479W WO 2005059609 A1 WO2005059609 A1 WO 2005059609A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/42—Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/031—Polarizer or dye
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a birefringent film, an optical film using the same, and various image display devices.
- a birefringent film is usually used for the purpose of improving display characteristics, for example, for the purpose of eliminating coloring, expanding the viewing angle, and the like.
- Such a birefringent film is generally produced by subjecting a polymer film to uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching to adjust its birefringence and phase difference.
- the two films are usually set so that the slow axis of the birefringent film is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing film. Need to be placed.
- the slow axis of the birefringent film matches the stretching direction
- the transmission axis of the polarizing film matches the direction perpendicular to the stretching direction.
- the arrangement of the birefringent film and the polarizing film in this manner while applying force has the following manufacturing problems. That is, when a polymer film is stretched industrially, it is common to simultaneously stretch the film in the longitudinal direction and wind it on a roll while stretching the film. Then, when bonding the birefringent film wound on the roll and the polarizing film wound on the roll in this way, if the films are aligned in the longitudinal direction, they are wound on the roll again while being bonded together. Continuous bonding can be achieved.
- the polarizing film is stretched in the longitudinal direction, whereas the polarizing film is stretched in the longitudinal direction.
- the refractive film needs to be stretched in the width direction.
- the birefringent film is oriented in the width direction. Stretch to It is necessary.
- the uniformity of the slow axis in the width direction is improved by performing relaxation treatment for stretching the polymer film in the width direction and then returning to the original width position.
- the method of letting it be adopted is adopted.
- a polymer film is generally formed directly on a base material and then stretched together with the base material, this method may be affected by variations in the physical properties of the base material, or depending on the polymer film. Because some materials have a small relaxation effect, it is difficult to produce an industrially stable and uniform birefringent film. There are also attempts to reduce the bowing phenomenon by cooling after stretching, but it is not possible to completely avoid the phenomenon (for example, see Non-Patent Documents).
- Patent Document 1 a method of loosening the base on which the polymer film is formed between the chucks of the tenter stretching machine and thermally shrinking the base is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1). If the substrate is limited to a heat-shrinkable substrate or if the thickness of the substrate is too large, it is difficult to loosen the substrate stably when loosening the substrate. There is also a problem.
- Non-Patent Document l T. Yamada et al. Intn.Polym.Process., Vo.X, Issue 4, 334-340 (1995)
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-6-51116
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-3-23405
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-2-191904
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-5-249316
- an object of the present invention is to provide a birefringent film by stretching a polymer film in the width direction, to have excellent appearance and to suppress variations in birefringence, retardation, and orientation axis angle. And a method for producing a birefringent film having excellent uniformity of optical characteristics.
- the polymer film in the stretching step, is stretched in the width direction and simultaneously in the longitudinal direction (the direction perpendicular to the width direction). ), And when the length in the width direction and the length in the width direction of the polymer film before stretching are respectively set to 1, the change ratio (STD) of the length in the width direction due to the stretching and the shrinkage
- STD change ratio
- the polymer film is stretched in the width direction and simultaneously contracted in the longitudinal direction, and the degree of stretching in the width direction and the degree of contraction in the longitudinal direction are set in the condition of the above formula (1).
- the appearance is excellent, the refractive index in the plane and in the thickness direction can be controlled to a high degree, and the birefringence, retardation and alignment axis, particularly the alignment axis accuracy in the width direction, in particular, are uniform.
- the obtained birefringent film can be obtained efficiently.
- the birefringent film obtained by such a manufacturing method can improve the display characteristics of various image display devices such as a liquid crystal display device from the characteristics thereof, and can also be used in combination with the polarizing film as described above. It can be said that it is extremely industrially useful because it is possible to perform a natural bonding.
- Table 1 is a table showing the change ratio in three dimensions (longitudinal direction, width direction, and thickness direction) of the polymer film.
- the change ratio is defined by the width, length, and thickness of the unstretched polymer film as “1”.
- the magnification in the width direction is STD
- the magnification in the longitudinal direction is SMD.
- the polymer film is stretched in the width direction and, at the same time, contracted in the longitudinal direction, so that the width of the polymer film before stretching is increased.
- the length in the direction and the length in the longitudinal direction are each set to 1
- the magnification in the width direction due to the stretching (STD) and the magnification in the longitudinal direction due to the shrinkage (SMD) Satisfy the following expression (1).
- the longitudinal direction indicates a direction in which the distance between both ends is long when the polymer film is rectangular
- the width direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- any direction may be used as long as both directions are perpendicular.
- SMD (1ZSTD) 1/2 .
- the SMD is specifically preferably less than 0.99, more preferably 0.85-0.95, and particularly preferably 0.85-0.93.
- the value of (1 / STD) 1/2 is preferably less than 0.99, more preferably less than 0.99, more preferably 0.85 to 0.95, particularly preferably 0. 88-0.93, that is, the STD is preferably less than 1.5, more preferably 1.01 or more and less than 1.5, and particularly preferably Kuma 1. 1-1.
- the SMD force is preferably 9) -0.92.
- the SMD is 0.86-0.90.
- the stretching treatment and the shrinking treatment performed simultaneously as described above can be directly applied to the polymer film.
- the polymer film may be indirectly applied to the polymer film by disposing the polymer film on a substrate and simultaneously subjecting the substrate to stretching and shrinking, or laminating the substrate and the polymer film. It may be applied to the body at the same time.
- the polymer film is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known polymer film used as a material for forming a birefringent film can be used.
- the polymer include: polycarbonate; polyarylate; polysulfone; polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate; polyether sulfone; polyvinyl alcohol; polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; Polystyrene, polymethacrylate, polychlorinated vinyl; polychlorinated vinylidene; polyamide; norbornane-based polymer; alternating copolymer of isobutene and N-methylmaleimidoca; And a mixture containing a copolymer.
- the polymer film preferably has a light transmittance, for example, and more preferably has a light transmittance of 85% or more, more preferably 90%. Further, it is preferable that uneven alignment is small.
- a non-liquid crystalline polymer As shown below.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer for example, only application is performed in relation to the orientation of the base material, and optically negative uniaxiality (nx> nz) and (ny> nz) are caused by its own property.
- the birefringent polymer film shown can be formed, and the optical property can be changed to negative biaxiality (nx>ny> nz) by further performing a stretching treatment. For this reason, the birefringence and the phase difference can be more easily adjusted, and the base material is not limited to the alignment base material.
- nx, ny, and nz indicate the refractive indices of the polymer film in the X-axis (slow axis), Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively.
- An axial direction showing the maximum refractive index in the plane of the polymer film a Y-axis direction is an axial direction perpendicular to the X-axis in the plane, and a ⁇ -axis is the X-axis and ⁇ ⁇ Indicates the thickness direction perpendicular to the axis.
- non-liquid crystalline polymer examples include polyamide, polyimide, polyester, polyetherketone, polyaryletherketone, polyamideimide, and polyester, because they have excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, transparency, and high rigidity.
- Polymers such as imides are preferred. Any one of these polymers may be used alone, or may be used as a mixture of two or more kinds having different functional groups, for example, a mixture of a polyaryletherketone and a polyamide. Good.
- polyimide and the like are preferable because high birefringence can be obtained.
- the molecular weight of the polymer is not particularly limited.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) force is preferably i, 000 to 1,000,000, and more preferably 2,000 to 500,000. .
- polyimide for example, a polyimide soluble in an organic solvent having high in-plane orientation is preferable.
- R—R represents hydrogen, halogen, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with 114 halogen atoms or a C-alkyl group, and Alkyl group
- the forces are also at least one independently selected substituent.
- R 3 —R 6 are substituted with halogen, phenyl, 1-4 halogen atoms or C 3 -alkyl.
- Z is, for example, C.
- Z ′ is, for example, a covalent bond, a C (R 7 ) group, a CO group, an O atom, a S atom,
- W represents an integer from 1 to 10.
- R 7 is each independently hydrogen or C (R 9 ).
- R 8 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or C
- R 9 is each independently hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine.
- Examples of the polycyclic aromatic group include naphthalene, fluorene, benzofluorene and a tetravalent group induced by anthracene force.
- Examples of the derivative of the polycyclic aromatic group include C 1 alkyl groups, fluorinated derivatives thereof, and F and C
- Halogen force such as 1
- the above-mentioned polycyclic aromatic group substituted with at least one selected group is exemplified.
- G and G ′ are, for example, a covalent bond, a CH group, a C (CH 2) group
- C (CF) group C (CX) group (where X is a halogen), CO group, O atom, S atom, S
- L is a substituent
- d and e represent the number of the substituents.
- L represents, for example, a halogen, a C
- substituted fuel group examples include halogen, C 2
- the halogen include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- d is an integer from 0 to 2
- e is an integer from 0 to 3.
- Q represents a substituent
- f represents the number of substitutions.
- Q is, for example, a group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a thioalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a substituted aryl group, an alkyl ester group, and a substituted alkyl ester group.
- the halogen include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- Examples of the substituted alkyl group include a halogenated alkyl group.
- Examples of the substituted aryl group include a halogenated aryl group.
- f is an integer from 0 to 4
- g and h are integers from 0 to 3 and 1 to 3, respectively. Further, g and h are preferably larger than 1.
- R 1Q and R 11 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, a phenyl group, a substituted phenyl group, an alkyl group, and a substituted alkyl group. Group. Among them, R 1Q and R 11 are preferably each independently a halogenated alkyl group.
- M 1 and M 2 are the same or different, for example, halogen, C 1 alkyl group, C 1
- halogen examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- substituted phenyl group examples include halogen, C
- examples of the polyimide include copolymers obtained by appropriately copolymerizing diamine acid dianhydride other than the skeleton (repeating unit) as described above.
- Examples of the acid dianhydride include aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides.
- Examples of the aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride include pyromellitic dianhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and heterocyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride And 2,2'-substituted biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydrides.
- pyromellitic dianhydride examples include pyromellitic dianhydride, 3,6-difluoropyromellitic dianhydride, 3,6-bis (trifluoromethyl) pyromellitic dianhydride, Examples thereof include 3,6-dibromopyromellitic dianhydride and 3,6-dichloropyromellitic dianhydride.
- benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride examples include, for example, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,3,3 ′, 4 ′ And benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 2,2 ′, 3,3′benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride include 2,3,6,7 naphthalene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,5,6 naphthalene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and 2,6-dichloromethane.
- Lonaphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and the like.
- Examples of the bicyclic aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride include thiophene 2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, pyrazine 2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, And pyridin-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- the 2,2′-substituted biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride includes, for example, 2,2,1-dibutene 4,4,5,5, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2 , 2, Dichloro-4,4,5,5, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2,1-bis (trifluoromethyl) 4,4,5,5, -biphenyl And tracarboxylic dianhydride.
- aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride examples include 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and bis (2,3-dicarboxyphenyl).
- aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride 2,2′-substituted biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride is more preferable, and 2,2′-bis (trihalomethyl dianhydride is more preferable.
- aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride 2,2′-substituted biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride is more preferable, and 2,2′-bis (trihalomethyl dianhydride is more preferable.
- diamine examples include aromatic diamines, and specific examples thereof include benzene diamine, diamino benzophenone, naphthalenediamine, heterocyclic aromatic diamine, and other aromatic diamines.
- the benzenediamine includes, for example, o-, m- and p-phenylenediamine, 2,4-diaminotoluene, 1,4-diamino-2-methoxybenzene, 1,4-diamino-2-phenylbenzene and Diamine which is also selected from a group consisting of benzenediamine such as 1,3-diamino-4-chlorobenzene is mentioned.
- Examples of the diaminobenzophenone include 2,2, diaminobenzophenone and 3,3, diaminobenzophenone.
- Examples of the naphthalenediamine include 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene.
- Examples of the heterocyclic aromatic diamine include 2,6-diaminopyridine, 2,4-diaminopyridine, and 2,4-diamino-S-triazine. 5 c
- the aromatic diamines include, in addition to the above, 4,4, diaminobiphenyl, 4,4, -diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4,1- (9-fluorenylidene) -dialine, 2,2'bis (trifluoromethyl) 4,4'diaminobiphenyl, 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'diaminodiphenylmethane, 2,2'-dichloro-4,4'diaminobiphenyl, 2,2 ' , 5,5'-Tetraclo mouth benzidine, 2,2-bis (4-aminophenoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2bis (4-aminophenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-aminophenol) Le) — 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoropropane, 4,4, diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4, diaminodiphenyl ether, 1,3-bis (3-aminophenoxy) benzene , 1,3-
- Examples of the polyether ketone as a material for forming the birefringent layer include a polyaryl ether ketone represented by the following general formula (7) described in JP-A-201-49110. Can be
- X represents a substituent
- q represents the number of the substituents.
- X is, for example, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, or a halogenated alkoxy group.
- a plurality of Xs are present, the same or different forces are used.
- halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, a chlorine atom and an iodine atom, and among these, a fluorine atom is preferable.
- the lower alkyl group and Thus, for example, a lower alkyl group having a C linear or branched chain is more preferable.
- it is a C linear or branched alkyl group. Specifically, a methyl group,
- ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group and a tert-butyl group are preferred, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are particularly preferred.
- the halogenated alkyl group include halogenated products of the lower alkyl group such as a trifluoromethyl group.
- the lower alkoxy group include, for example,
- the halogenated alkoxy group include halogenated compounds of the lower alkoxy group such as a trifluoromethoxy group.
- the carboxy group bonded to both ends of the benzene ring and the oxygen atom of the ether are present at the para position with respect to each other.
- R 1 is a group represented by the following formula (8), m is an integer of 0 or 1.
- X ′ represents a substituent, for example, the same as X in the above formula (7).
- P is an integer of 0 or 1.
- R 2 represents a divalent aromatic group.
- the divalent aromatic group for example, O-, m- or p-phenylene group, or naphthalene, biphenyl, anthracene, o-, m- or p-terphenyl, phenanthrene, dibenzofuran, biphenyl ether, or biphenyl sulfone force Derived divalent groups and the like can be mentioned.
- the hydrogen directly bonded to the aromatic may be replaced by a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group.
- an aromatic group selected from the following formulas (9) to (15) is preferred.
- R 1 is preferably a group represented by the following formula (16).
- R 2 and p have the same meanings as in the above formula (8). is there.
- n represents a degree of polymerization, and is, for example, in a range of 2-5000, and preferably in a range of 5-500.
- the polymerization may have a repeating unit force of the same structure or may have a repeating unit force of a different structure. In the latter case, the polymerization form of the repeating unit may be block polymerization or random polymerization.
- the terminal of the polyaryletherketone represented by the above formula (7) is preferably such that the p-tetrafluorobenzoylene group side is fluorine and the oxyalkylene group side is hydrogen atom.
- the polyaryl ether ketone can be represented by the following general formula (17). In the following formula, n represents the same degree of polymerization as in the above formula (7).
- polyaryl ether ketone represented by the formula (7) include those represented by the following formulas (18) and (21).
- n represents the above formula Represents the same degree of polymerization as in (7).
- examples of the polyamide or polyester that is a material for forming the birefringent layer include polyamides and polyesters described in JP-A-10-508048. Can be represented, for example, by the following general formula (22).
- Y is O or NH.
- E is, for example, a covalent bond
- Group strength is also at least one type of group selected and may be the same or different. Yes.
- R is a C-alkyl group and C
- It is at least one kind and is located at the meta or para position with respect to the carboxyl functional group or the Y group.
- the above A is, for example, hydrogen, halogen, C monoalkyl group, C
- a ′ is, for example, halogen
- substituent on the ring of the substituted fuel group include halogen, a C-alkyl group,
- polyamide or polyester repeating units represented by the formula (22) those represented by the following general formula (23) are preferable.
- A, A ′ and Y are as defined in the above formula (22), and V is an integer having a zero force of 3, preferably an integer of 0 to 2.
- X and V are each 0 or 1, but , Are never zero.
- the base material a translucent polymer film that can be stretched and shrunk is preferable.
- a substrate that does not generate a phase difference even by stretching is preferable.
- a polymer film having excellent transparency is preferable because, for example, the base material and the birefringent film formed on the base material can be used as an optical film as a laminate.
- the base material is preferably a stretched material or a heat-shrinkable film or the like, which is preferable in order to smoothly perform the above-described longitudinal shrinkage. Is preferably, for example, a thermoplastic resin.
- Examples of the material for forming the base material include, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and poly (4-methylpentin-1), polyimide, polyamideimide, polyamide, polyetherimide, and polyetherether. Ketone, polyketone sulfide, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyarylate, acrylic resin, polybutyl alcohol, polypropylene, polypropylene, Cellulose-based glass tex, epoxy resin, phenol resin, etc., acetate resin such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester resin, acrylic resin, polynor Examples thereof include renene resin, cellulose resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polychlorinated vinyl resin, polychlorinated vinylidene resin,
- Polymers and the like can also be used.
- polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate and the like are preferable, for example, solvent resistance and heat resistance.
- a thermoplastic resin having an imido group or a non-imido group in a side chain as described in JP-A-2001-343529 (WO 01/37007), Further, a mixture of a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and a thermoplastic resin having a -tolyl group can also be used.
- a resin composition having an alternating copolymer of isobutene and N-methylmaleimideca and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer is used.
- these forming materials for example, the aforementioned thermoplastic resin having a substituted imide group or an unsubstituted imide group in the side chain, and a substituted phenyl group or an unsubstituted phenyl group and a -tolyl group in the side chain.
- the thickness of the polymer film is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to the desired retardation of the birefringent film to be produced, the material of the polymer film, and the like. Generally, for example, it is in the range of 5-500 / zm, preferably in the range of 10-350 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 20-200 ⁇ m. Within the above range, sufficient strength is exhibited in the stretching / shrinking treatment, for example, without cutting. Further, the lengths in the longitudinal direction and the width direction are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to, for example, the size of a stretching machine or the like to be used.
- This polymer film is simultaneously subjected to a stretching treatment in the width direction and a shrinking treatment in the longitudinal direction so as to satisfy the condition of the above formula (1).
- the stretching in the width direction and the shrinking in the longitudinal direction can be performed, for example, using a biaxial stretching machine. Specifically, the stretching and shrinking can be automatically performed.
- the shrinkage ratio in the (longitudinal direction) can be set arbitrarily, stretching and shrinkage can be performed simultaneously under predetermined conditions.
- the stretching ratio in the width direction is controlled, and the film edge is controlled.
- a biaxial stretching machine or the like in which the length in the longitudinal direction is controlled by changing the interval between the clips holding the clip.
- the temperature in the stretching and shrinking treatment is not particularly limited, and is preferably set according to a force that can be appropriately determined according to the type of the polymer film, for example, the glass transition temperature of the polymer film.
- the glass transition temperature is preferably in the range of ⁇ 30 ° C, more preferably in the range of ⁇ 20 ° C, and particularly preferably in the range of ⁇ 10 ° C.
- the birefringent film of the present invention can be obtained, and the birefringent film has properties such as birefringence, retardation, and orientation axis, particularly those in the width direction.
- the characteristics are excellent in uniformity.
- the birefringence of the birefringent film The values of the refraction and the phase difference differ depending on, for example, the material of the polymer film used and the stretching ratio. However, if the polymer film is manufactured based on the conditions represented by the above formula (1), the magnitude of the birefringence and the phase difference will be large. Regardless, the uniformity is excellent.
- the birefringent film preferably has an in-plane retardation value of “(: nx-ny) ⁇ dj accuracy, that is, a variation in retardation of, for example, a range of ⁇ 9 to + 9%. It is preferably 8— + 8%, more preferably —7— + 7%, and the accuracy of the phase difference value “(nx-nz) 'd” in the thickness direction is, for example, -7— A range of + 7% is preferably 6— + 6%, more preferably 5— + 5%.
- the accuracy of each phase difference can be measured as follows.
- the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation at seven points excluding the ends. Is measured. Then, when the average value is set to 100%, the difference between each measured value and the average value is calculated as the accuracy (%) of the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation.
- the variation of the orientation axis angle in the X-axis direction is preferably 5 ° or less, more preferably 4 ° or less.
- the variation in the axial angle can be controlled in such a range, so that the uniformity of the refractive index can be improved.
- the orientation axis angle refers to the variation of the slow axis, and can be automatically calculated using, for example, an automatic birefringence meter (trade name: KOBRA-21ADH; manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the orientation axis angle when the orientation axis angle is measured at a plurality of points (seven points) in the same manner as the above-described phase difference, it can be represented by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value.
- the width direction in which the change magnification is large is the slow axis direction.
- the thickness of the obtained birefringent film varies depending on the thickness of the polymer film to be used and the stretching ratio, but is generally in the range of 5 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 10 to 350 ⁇ m. And more preferably in the range of 20-200 ⁇ m.
- a polymer film serving as the above-mentioned non-liquid crystalline polymarker may be formed on a substrate, and the laminate may be simultaneously subjected to stretching and shrinking treatments.
- the base material and the polymer film may be stretched and shrunk together as described later, or the polymer film may be indirectly stretched and shrunk by stretching and shrinking only the base material of the laminate. May be processed.
- the base material also peeled the polymer film Thereafter, only the polymer film may be treated.
- a coating liquid is prepared by dispersing or dissolving a polymer film forming material in a solvent.
- concentration of the forming material in the coating liquid is not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferably 0.5 to 50% by weight because the coating material has a viscosity that facilitates coating. It is preferably 1 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 30% by weight.
- the amount of the polymer is preferably, for example, 5 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the solvent, and more preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight. It is 10-40 weight parts.
- the solvent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the forming material.
- a solvent which can dissolve the forming material and does not easily erode the substrate is preferable.
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, onolesodichloromethane, phenol, parachlorobenzene, etc.
- Phenols such as phenol, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, methoxybenzene and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, acetone, methylethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 2- Ketone solvents such as pyrrolidone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, t-butyl alcohol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, Alcoholic solvents such as ethylene glycol dimethinol ether, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol; amide solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide; and acetonitrile and butymouth-tolyl.
- ether solvents such as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, carbon disulfide, ethylcellosolve, butylcellosolve, sulfuric acid and the like can be used. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- additives such as a surfactant, a stabilizer, a plasticizer, and a metal may be further added to the coating liquid, if necessary.
- the coating liquid may be used, for example, in a range where the orientation and the like of the forming material are not significantly reduced.
- another different resin may be contained.
- the other resin include various general-purpose resins, engineering plastics, thermoplastic resins, and thermosetting resins.
- Examples of the general-purpose resin include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), ABS resin, and AS resin.
- Examples of the engineering plastic include polyacetate (POM), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA: nylon), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
- Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether sulfone (PES), polyketone (PK), polyimide (PI), polycyclohexane dimethanol terephthalate (PCT), and polyarylate (PAR). And liquid crystal polymer (LCP).
- thermosetting resin examples include an epoxy resin and a phenol novolak resin.
- the blending amount is, for example, 0 to 50% by weight based on the forming material, and preferably 0 to 30% by weight. % By weight.
- the prepared coating liquid is applied to the surface of a base material to form a coating film of the forming material.
- the coating method include a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a printing method, a dipping and pulling method, a curtain coating method, a wire bar coating method, a doctor blade method, a knife coating method, a tie coating method, and a gravure method. Coating method, microgravure coating method, offset gravure coating method, lip coating method, spray coating method and the like can be mentioned. In the case of coating, a superposition method of a polymer layer can be adopted as necessary.
- the thickness of the base material is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 150 / zm, and particularly preferably. Is in the range of 30-100 m.
- the length is 10 m or more, sufficient strength is exhibited in the stretching and shrinking treatment described later, so that the occurrence of unevenness and the like in the stretching and shrinking treatment can be sufficiently suppressed.
- stretching can be performed with an appropriate tension, which is preferable.
- the coating film formed on the base material is dried.
- the forming material is fixed on the base material, and a polymer film can be directly formed on the base material.
- the method for drying is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include natural drying and heat drying.
- the drying of the coating film may be performed, for example, at a constant temperature, or may be performed while increasing or decreasing the temperature stepwise.
- the drying time is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 10 seconds to 60 minutes, preferably 30 seconds to 30 minutes.
- the solvent of the polymer liquid remaining in the polymer film may change its optical characteristics with time in proportion to the amount thereof.
- the thickness of the polymer film formed on the base material is not particularly limited, but is, for example, usually preferably set to 0.5 to 10 m, more preferably 18 to 18 m, and particularly preferably. Or one.
- the polymer film formed on the base material is simultaneously subjected to a stretching and shrinking treatment under the above-mentioned conditions.
- a stretching and shrinking treatment under the above-mentioned conditions.
- only the polymer film may be directly stretched and shrunk, or the laminate of the base material and the polymer film may be stretched and shrunk together.
- the substrate can be uniformly stretched and shrunk, and accordingly, the polymer film on the substrate can be uniformly stretched and shrunk.
- the polymer film on the substrate can be uniformly stretched and shrunk.
- only the polymer film can be treated as described above.
- the birefringent film of the present invention When the birefringent film of the present invention is formed on a substrate as described above, it may be used, for example, as a laminate with the substrate, or as a monolayer separated from the substrate. Can also be used. After peeling from the base material (hereinafter, referred to as “first base material”), for example, an adhesive layer is applied to a base material that does not interfere with its optical characteristics (hereinafter, referred to as “second base material”). It can also be used by laminating (transferring) again.
- the second base material is not particularly limited as long as it has an appropriate flatness, and examples thereof include glass and a transparent polymer film having optical isotropy.
- polymer film examples include polymethacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, amorphous polyolefin, TAC, epoxy resin, and isobutene / N-methylmaleimide copolymer as described above.
- film examples include a resin composition formed by combining the acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer with a resin composition.
- polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyarylate, TAC, polyether sulfone, a resin composition of an isobutene / N-methylmaleimide copolymer and an Atari port-tolyl / styrene copolymer, and the like are preferable.
- a substrate having optical anisotropy can be used according to the purpose. Examples of such a substrate having optical anisotropy include a retardation film obtained by stretching a polymer film such as polycarbonate polystyrene and norbornene resin, and a polarizing film.
- an acrylic or epoxy-based or urethane-based adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used as long as it can be used for optical purposes.
- the configuration of the optical film of the present invention is not limited as long as it includes the above-described birefringent film of the present invention, for example, including the above-described base material.
- the optical film of the present invention preferably further has an adhesive layer in the outermost layer. This is because, for example, the optical film of the present invention can be easily attached to another member such as another optical layer or a liquid crystal cell, and peeling of the optical film of the present invention can be prevented. Further, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be provided on one side or both sides of the optical film of the present invention.
- the material of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited.
- an acrylic, silicone, polyester, rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used. Further, these materials may contain fine particles to form a layer exhibiting light diffusivity.
- a material having excellent hygroscopicity and heat resistance is preferable. With such properties, for example, when used in a liquid crystal display device, it is possible to prevent deterioration of optical characteristics due to foaming and peeling due to moisture absorption, a difference in thermal expansion, and warpage of a liquid crystal cell, thereby achieving high quality and durability. It becomes a display device which is excellent in performance.
- the optical film of the present invention may be the birefringent film of the present invention alone, or Alternatively, a laminate may be combined with another optical member as needed.
- the other optical member is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, other birefringent films, other retardation films, liquid crystal films, light scattering films, lens sheets, diffraction films, polarizing plates, and the like.
- the polarizing plate may be a polarizer alone, or a transparent protective layer may be laminated on one or both surfaces of the polarizer.
- the optical film of the present invention is preferably used for forming various devices such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the optical film may be disposed on one or both sides of a liquid crystal cell to form a liquid crystal panel, and used for the liquid crystal display device.
- the method of arranging the optical film is not particularly limited, and is the same as that of a conventional optical film including a birefringent film.
- the type of the liquid crystal cell forming the liquid crystal display device can be arbitrarily selected.
- an active matrix drive type such as a thin film transistor or MIM
- an IPS drive type such as a plasma addressing drive type, a twisted nematic type
- Various types of liquid crystal cells such as a simple matrix drive type represented by a twisted nematic type, can be used.
- S TN Super Twisted Nematic
- TN Transmission Nematic
- IPS In-Plan Switching
- VA Very Nematic
- OCB Optically Controlled
- Birefringence Senor, HAN (Hybrid Aligned Nematic): Senor, ASM (Axially Symmetric Aligned Microcell) cell, ferroelectric 'antiferroelectric cell, and those with regular orientation division, random orientation division, etc. Is raised.
- the liquid crystal display device provided with such an optical film of the present invention may be, for example, a transmission type provided with a knock rim system, a reflection type provided with a reflector, a projection type, or the like.
- the optical film of the present invention is not limited to the liquid crystal display device as described above, and may be used for a self-luminous display device such as an organic electroluminescent (EL) display, PDP, and FED. it can. In this case, the configuration is not limited except that the optical film of the present invention is used instead of the conventional optical film.
- EL organic electroluminescent
- the value at a wavelength of 590 ⁇ m was measured using an automatic birefringence meter (trade name: KOBRA-21ADH; manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the thickness of the birefringent layer was measured using an instantaneous multi-photometry system (trade name: MCPD-2000; manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- the axis direction indicating the maximum refractive index is an axis direction perpendicular to the X axis in the plane, and the Z axis is a thickness direction perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis.
- d show the thickness of the birefringent film.
- a birefringent film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film was uniaxially stretched so that the STD in the width direction was 1.2 times and the longitudinal direction was not shrunk, and the characteristics were examined. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the SMD was 1.
- This polyimide was dissolved in MIBK to a concentration of 20% by weight to prepare a polyimide solution, which was continuously coated on a TAC film (trade name: TF80UL; manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) (400 mm wide, 40 ⁇ m thick) by blade coating. Coated. The coated film was dried at 120 ° C. for 2 minutes to form a polyimide film having a thickness of 6.0 m.
- the laminate of the substrate and the polyimide film was continuously stretched in the width direction and simultaneously contracted in the longitudinal direction to form a birefringent film.
- the processing temperature was 160 ° C
- the STD in the width direction was 1.1 times
- the SMD in the longitudinal direction was 0.97 times.
- (1ZSTD) 1/2 is 0.953, which satisfies the condition of the above equation (1).
- the substrate did not have a substantial phase difference due to stretching in the width direction and contraction in the longitudinal direction.
- the characteristics of the birefringent film were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- a birefringent film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the STD in the width direction was 1.1 times, the SMD in the longitudinal direction was 0.9 times, and (lZSTD) 1/2 was 0.913, and the characteristics were the same. I checked. The results are shown in Table 2 below. (1ZSTD) 1/2 > SMD
- Example 1 3.6 218.6 ⁇ 10,5 284.8 ⁇ 12.1 No abnormality Comparative example 1 20.6 173.7 ⁇ 18.2 394.1 ⁇ 22.5 No abnormality Comparative example 2 8.1 235.1 ⁇ 15.3 301.4 ⁇ 17.2 Sea occurrence Example 2 2.3 49.7 ⁇ 3.2 250.7 ⁇ 3.0 Abnormal None Comparative Example 3 11.3 50.9 ⁇ 10.4 309.2 ⁇ 25.5 No abnormality Comparative Example 4 4.3 63.0 ⁇ 10.1 261.4 ⁇ 8.5
- Example 1 performed stretching and shrinkage satisfying the condition of the above-mentioned formula (1), so that the orientation axis angle was smaller than that of Comparative Example 1 in which stretching was performed only in the width direction. , And and Rth were extremely suppressed. Further, the stretching and shrinkage were performed simultaneously, but the condition satisfied the above-mentioned formula (1). In Comparative Example 2, the shear occurred in the width direction, whereas in Example 1, the orientation axis was reduced. The corners, And, and Rth were not only able to suppress the variation, but also excellent in appearance.
- Example 2 using a laminate of a base material and a polyimide film, since stretching and shrinkage were performed to satisfy the condition of the above formula (1), Comparative Example 3 in which stretching was performed only in the width direction was performed. In comparison, variations in the orientation axis angle, And, and Rth were significantly suppressed. In addition, stretching and shrinking are performed simultaneously, but the condition satisfies the above expression (1). On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, a shrinkage occurred in the width direction, whereas in Example 2, only variations in the orientation axis angle, And and Rth could be suppressed, and the appearance was further improved.
- a birefringent film having excellent optical properties can be obtained.
- Such a birefringent film having excellent optical characteristics is useful for, for example, various optical films, and can realize excellent display characteristics when applied to various image display devices such as a liquid crystal display device.
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- 2003-12-16 JP JP2003418558A patent/JP2005181450A/ja active Pending
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- 2004-10-01 CN CNB2004800137136A patent/CN100419474C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-01 KR KR1020057019368A patent/KR100718860B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-01 WO PCT/JP2004/014479 patent/WO2005059609A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-01 US US10/554,224 patent/US7833457B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-05 TW TW093130061A patent/TW200523646A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8900656B2 (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2014-12-02 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method for producing optical film, optical film, and image display |
US9581747B2 (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2017-02-28 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method for producing optical film, optical film, laminated polarizing plate, and image display |
WO2012044189A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | Instituto Superior Técnico | A new hydrated crystalline form of perindopril erbumine, methods for its preparation and its use in pharmaceutical preparations |
JP2012128145A (ja) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-05 | Nitto Denko Corp | 光学フィルムの製造方法 |
JP2012128144A (ja) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-07-05 | Nitto Denko Corp | 光学フィルムの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100419474C (zh) | 2008-09-17 |
KR20060004666A (ko) | 2006-01-12 |
KR100718860B1 (ko) | 2007-05-16 |
TWI355543B (ja) | 2012-01-01 |
JP2005181450A (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
CN1791817A (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
US20060275559A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
US7833457B2 (en) | 2010-11-16 |
TW200523646A (en) | 2005-07-16 |
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