WO2005057699A1 - セパレータおよびセパレータの製造方法 - Google Patents
セパレータおよびセパレータの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005057699A1 WO2005057699A1 PCT/JP2004/018143 JP2004018143W WO2005057699A1 WO 2005057699 A1 WO2005057699 A1 WO 2005057699A1 JP 2004018143 W JP2004018143 W JP 2004018143W WO 2005057699 A1 WO2005057699 A1 WO 2005057699A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- conductive
- separator
- electrolyte
- resin layer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
- H01M8/0284—Organic resins; Organic polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1043—Subsequent to assembly
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator provided in a stack type polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a method for producing the same.
- thermal power generation meets the energy demand by converting thermal energy into electrical energy.
- a fuel cell has two electrodes and an electrolyte sandwiched between the electrodes.
- the supplied hydrogen ions are turned into hydrogen ions and move in the electrolyte toward the anode.
- the supplied oxygen reacts with the hydrogen ions traveling through the electrolyte to generate water.
- the electron force generated when hydrogen is ionized and the cathodic force also move through the wiring to the anode, causing current to flow and generating electricity.
- Fuel cells are classified into four types mainly due to differences in electrolytes.
- PAFC acid fuel cells
- MCFC molten carbonate fuel cells
- solid polymer fuel cells (PEFC) with an operating temperature as low as 80 ° C are being developed.
- the structure of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell consists of an electrolyte layer with a catalyst electrode on the surface, a separator with the electrolyte layer sandwiched from both sides and grooves for supplying hydrogen and oxygen, and the electricity generated by the electrode And the like. Improvements have been made on the separator, just like the electrolyte layer!
- the required characteristics of the separator are that it must have high conductivity and high airtightness against fuel gas and oxidizing gas, and also have high corrosion resistance to the reaction when hydrogen and oxygen are reduced by oxygen. .
- Dense carbon has excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance, and high mechanical strength. Also, it has good workability and is lightweight. However, the machining cost is high because it requires cutting that is weak against vibration and impact. In addition, it is necessary to perform gas impermeable treatment.
- Synthetic resins are also used, and thermosetting resins such as phenol resin and epoxy resin are used.
- the main feature of the synthetic resin is that it is low in cost, but it has poor dimensional stability and poor conductivity.
- metals are increasingly used.
- the metal titanium and stainless steel are mainly used.
- metals are easily corroded, and metal ions are taken into the electrolyte membrane to lower the ionic conductivity. Therefore, it is necessary to apply plating to the surface of the separator.
- Rubber is used, and ethylene propylene rubber and the like are used. Rubber has low gas permeability and high sealing properties.
- JP-A-8-180883 discloses a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
- This polymer electrolyte fuel cell uses a thin metal plate, such as stainless steel or titanium alloy, on which a passivation film is easily formed by the atmosphere as a separator, and presses it into a predetermined shape by pressing.
- RU thin metal plate, such as stainless steel or titanium alloy
- JP-A-2003-297383 discloses a fuel cell separator.
- This fuel cell separator has a first resin layer having a volume resistivity of 1.0 ⁇ 'cm or less, in which a resin and a conductive filler are mixed, on at least one side of a metal substrate, and a first resin layer having a volume resistivity of not more than 1.0 ⁇ 'cm.
- a second resin layer smaller than the first resin layer is provided to improve current collecting performance, moldability, strength, and corrosion resistance.
- the fuel cell separator described in JP-A-2003-297383 is also the same as the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator described in JP-A-8-180883.
- the gas flow path is formed by the pressurizer.
- a gas flow path is formed by printing a conductive material on a separator substrate of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell described in JP-A-2001-767748.
- a plate-shaped compact mainly containing carbon powder and thermosetting resin is used as the conductive base material, and a carbon paste containing carbon powder as the main component is used as the conductive material. .
- a separator that also has rubber strength has a low gas permeability, but has a low rigidity and is inferior in a high-temperature environment, and therefore has a problem in that it has a large amount of warpage and deformation and cannot be used for a long time.
- the separator described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-767748 can respond to miniaturization of the gas flow path by printing a carbon paste.
- the base material is a thermosetting resin, the base material itself is used. The problem remains that the dimensional stability is poor.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a separator excellent in reliability and corrosion resistance, and to provide a method for producing a separator that improves productivity and realizes a high yield.
- the present invention contains an electrolyte medium.
- a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on the surface in the thickness direction of the electrolyte layer,
- a resin layer is formed on the surface of a flat metal plate as a core material, and the flow path is provided in the resin layer.
- a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium, and the separator serves as a flow path for a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas. And a separating section for separating.
- a resin layer for example, a rubber layer is formed on the surface of a flat metal plate serving as a core material, and the rubber layer is provided with the flow path.
- the present invention is characterized in that a highly conductive layer having higher conductivity than the conductivity of the resin layer is formed on the surface of the resin layer.
- the contact resistance between the separator and the electrolyte assembly can be reduced.
- the present invention is characterized in that the highly conductive layer is formed at least in a region where the resin layer is in contact with the electrolyte assembly.
- the high conductive layer is formed at least in a region where the resin layer is in contact with the electrolyte assembly, the contact resistance between the separator and the electrolyte assembly can be reduced more effectively.
- the present invention is a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on the surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium,
- a high conductive layer having higher conductivity than the conductive properties of the resin layer and the resin layer is formed on the surface of a flat metal plate as a core material
- the separator is characterized in that the flow path is provided in the high conductive layer.
- a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium, and the separator serves as a flow path for a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas. And a separating section for separating.
- the conductive layer of the resin layer and the resin layer A highly conductive layer having higher conductivity is formed.
- the channel is provided in the highly conductive layer.
- a flat metal plate as the core material, it is possible to provide a highly reliable separator having a small amount of warpage and deformation compared to a separator that is made of only rubber or a thermosetting polymer. Since the metal plate as the core material is covered with the rubber layer or the thermosetting polymer layer, surface changes such as corrosion due to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and cooling water can be prevented. Further, the contact resistance with the electrolyte assembly can be reduced, and the resistance of the entire current path can be significantly reduced, so that the power recovery rate can be improved.
- the present invention has a seal portion provided on the outer peripheral portion to prevent leakage of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas,
- the seal portion is a seal protrusion formed by forming a rubber layer on the surface of a metal plate and extending in parallel with the catalyst electrode forming surface of the electrolyte assembly, and the top portion thereof is pressed against the electrolyte assembly three-dimensionally by spring force. And a seal projection configured as described above.
- the number of members of the fuel cell can be reduced without the need for a sealing member such as an o-ring and a gasket, which was conventionally required.
- the present invention is characterized in that the separation portion and the seal portion are integrally formed by press working.
- the separation portion and the seal portion are formed as a body, the manufacturing process of the fuel cell can be shortened.
- the present invention provides a separator having a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium and separating a flow path of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas.
- a resin layer provided with the flow path is formed by printing a conductive ink on a region corresponding to the separation portion on the flat metal plate surface covered with the coating layer. This is a method for producing a separator.
- the present invention provides a fuel cell and an oxidizing gas passage which are interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium.
- a resin layer curing step of curing the printing ink layer to form a resin layer is a resin layer curing step of curing the printing ink layer to form a resin layer.
- the present invention is characterized in that in the resin layer printing step, printing is performed by any one of stencil printing, screen printing and intaglio printing.
- a method for producing a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium The separator has a separation unit for separating the flow paths of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.
- a resin layer provided with a flow path is formed in a region corresponding to the separation portion on the surface of the flat metal plate covered with the coating layer.
- a coating layer is formed on the entire surface of a flat metal plate.
- a conductive ink is printed to form a printing ink layer provided with a flow path in the covering layer in an area corresponding to the separation portion, and the printing ink layer is formed in the resin layer curing step. Is cured to form a resin layer.
- the printing method either stencil printing, screen printing or intaglio printing is used.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by printing By forming the resin layer provided with the flow path by printing, there is no warpage or distortion with high dimensional accuracy as compared with conventional press working. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of press working, the pattern design is restricted because the notches are formed integrally on the front and back and the number of linear patterns increases, but according to printing, completely different patterns can be formed on each surface of the separator Therefore, it is also possible to form a curved shape and a hole-shaped pattern. Further, the seal portion is formed by press working, and high sealing performance can be achieved by simple working. Further, the present invention is characterized in that in the substrate processing step, a coating layer is formed on the surface of the metal plate via an adhesive layer.
- the present invention is characterized in that the adhesive layer is formed by diffusing triazine thiol or polyaniline on the surface of the metal plate.
- the coating layer is formed on the surface of the metal plate via the adhesive layer. More specifically, by coating the surface of a metal plate with a conductive coupling agent represented by triazine thiols and by performing a doping treatment with a conductive polymer represented by polyarins, A diffusion layer to be an adhesive layer is formed on the metal surface. Since triazine thiols and polyarines diffused on the metal surface exhibit conductivity, conductivity with the resin layer can be secured, and the generated DC power can be extracted as a DC current.
- the coating layer is made of a conductive rubber or a synthetic resin
- the conductive ink is a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for forming the rubber or the synthetic resin
- a conductive filler made of a metal compound or a carbon-based material is made of a conductive ink containing a vehicle made of a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler that also has a metal compound or a carbon-based material. It can be realized by printing.
- the present invention is characterized in that in the resin layer curing step, any one of a heat curing treatment by heating, a light curing treatment by light irradiation, or a combination of a heat curing treatment and a light curing treatment is performed.
- thermosetting treatment the thermosetting treatment, the photocuring treatment, or the thread setting between the thermosetting treatment and the light curing treatment is performed, whereby the curing suitable for the rubber or synthetic resin formed as the resin layer is performed. Processing can be performed.
- the present invention provides a fuel cell and an oxidizing gas passage which are interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium.
- a resin layer in which the flow path is provided in a conductive green sheet is formed by a stamper in a region corresponding to the separating portion on a flat metal plate surface. is there.
- the present invention provides a separator having a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in a thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium and separating a flow path of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas.
- a molding layer curing step of curing the molding layer to form a resin layer is a molding layer curing step of curing the molding layer to form a resin layer.
- a method for producing a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium The separator has a separation unit for separating the flow paths of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.
- a resin layer provided with a flow path is formed in a region corresponding to the separation portion.
- a conductive green sheet is laminated on the surface of the metal plate.
- a molding layer in which a channel is provided in the conductive green sheet is formed by a stamper, and in the molding layer curing step, the molding layer is cured to form a resin layer.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by stamper molding, there is no warpage or distortion that has higher dimensional accuracy than conventional press calories. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of press working, the pattern design is limited because the pattern is formed integrally on the front and back and the number of linear patterns increases, but stamper molding forms completely different patterns on each surface of the separator It is also possible to form curved and hole-shaped notches. Also, the present invention provides the conductive green sheet, wherein the conductive green sheet is formed of rubber or synthetic resin.
- the conductive green sheet is a conductive green sheet containing a binder that also serves as a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler that is made of a metal compound or a carbon-based material. This can be achieved by a neutral composition.
- the present invention is characterized in that, in the laminating step, the conductive green sheet is directly laminated on the surface of the metal plate by extrusion molding.
- the conductive green sheet in the laminating step, is prepared by extrusion molding in advance, and the prepared conductive green sheet is laminated on the surface of the metal plate.
- the sheet can be formed by extruding the conductive composition.
- a conductive green sheet may be directly laminated on the surface of the metal plate, or the conductive green sheet may be selected according to manufacturing conditions such as laminating a conductive green sheet prepared in advance on the surface of the metal plate.
- the present invention is characterized by including a substrate processing step of performing a processing for increasing the adhesion to the conductive green sheet on the surface of the metal plate before the laminating step.
- the present invention is characterized in that in the substrate processing step, triazine thiol or polyarline is diffused on the surface of the metal plate.
- the adhesion of the metal plate surface to the conductive Darline sheet is increased in the substrate processing step! Is performed.
- the diffusion layer is formed by coating the surface of a metal plate with a conductive coupling agent represented by triazine thiols and a doped coating with a conductive polymer represented by polyarines. Form.
- the triazine thiols and poly phosphorus diffused on the metal surface exhibit conductivity, so that conductivity with the resin layer is ensured, and the generated DC power can be taken out as DC current.
- the present invention provides a separator having a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in a thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium and separating a flow path of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas.
- a manufacturing method A coating layer forming step of forming a coating layer made of conductive rubber or synthetic resin on the entire surface of the flat metal plate;
- a molding layer curing step of curing the molding layer to form a resin layer is a molding layer curing step of curing the molding layer to form a resin layer.
- a method for producing a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium The separator has a separation unit for separating the flow paths of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.
- a resin layer provided with a flow path is formed in a region corresponding to the separation portion.
- a coating layer made of conductive rubber or synthetic resin is formed on the entire surface of the flat metal plate.
- a conductive green sheet is laminated on the surface of the coating layer.
- a molding step a molding layer in which a channel is provided in the conductive green sheet is formed by a stamper, and in a molding layer curing step, the molding layer is cured to form a resin layer.
- the surface of the metal plate By coating the surface of the metal plate with the coating layer, surface changes such as corrosion by hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and cooling water can be prevented.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by stamper molding, warpage and distortion with higher dimensional accuracy than conventional press working do not occur. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of pressing force, the pattern is formed integrally on both sides and the number of linear patterns increases, which limits the pattern design.However, stamper molding forms completely different patterns on each surface of the separator. It is also possible to form a curved shape and a hole-shaped pattern.
- the present invention provides a fuel cell and an oxidizing gas passage which are interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium.
- a method for producing a separator comprising: a molding step of forming a molding layer having the flow path provided in a coating layer by a stamper; and a molding layer curing step of curing the molding layer to form a resin layer. It is.
- a method for producing a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium The separator has a separation unit for separating the flow paths of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.
- a conductive slurry is applied to the surface of a metal plate in a coating step, and a solvent contained in the conductive slurry applied in the coating layer forming step is removed to form a coating layer.
- a molding layer having a flow path provided in the application layer is formed by a stamper, and in the molding layer curing step, the molding layer is cured to form a resin layer.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path By forming the resin layer provided with the flow path by stamper molding, there is no warpage or distortion that has higher dimensional accuracy than conventional press calories. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of press working, the pattern design is limited because the pattern is formed integrally on the front and back and the number of linear patterns increases, but stamper molding forms completely different patterns on each surface of the separator It is also possible to form curved and hole-shaped notches.
- the conductive slurry comprises a binder capable of forming a curable monomer, a curable oligomer or a curable prepolymer for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler also having a metal compound or a carbon-based material. It is characterized by being obtained by mixing with a solvent.
- the conductive slurry is composed of a curable monomer, a curable oligomer or a curable prepolymer binder for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler composed of a metal compound or a carbon-based material. Easily realized by mixing with solvent it can.
- the invention is characterized in that in the applying step, the conductive slurry is applied by a diving method, a doctor blade method or a curtain coating method.
- the conductive slurry in the coating step, can be easily realized by a diving method, a doctor blade method or a curtain coating method.
- the invention is characterized in that, in the coating layer forming step, the solvent is removed by blowing hot air on the applied conductive slurry and drying.
- desired characteristics (layer thickness, surface state, etc.) of the coating layer can be easily realized.
- the present invention is characterized in that before the coating step, a substrate processing step of performing a process for increasing the adhesion to the coating layer on the surface of the metal plate is included.
- triazine thiol or polyarline is diffused on the surface of the metal plate.
- the metal plate surface is subjected to processing for increasing the adhesion to the coating layer.
- the diffusion layer is formed by coating the surface of a metal plate with a conductive coupling agent represented by triazine thiols and a doped coating with a conductive polymer represented by polyaline.
- Triazine thiols and poly-arines diffused on the metal surface exhibit conductivity, so ensure conductivity with the final resin layer and reduce the internal resistance to a small value.
- the generated power can be extracted as DC current with minimal internal loss.
- the present invention provides a separator having a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies each having a catalyst electrode provided on a surface in a thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium and separating a flow path of a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas.
- a method for producing a separator comprising: a molding step of forming a molding layer having the flow path in a coating layer by a stamper; and a molding layer curing step of curing the molding layer to form a resin layer. It is.
- a method for producing a separator interposed between a plurality of electrolyte assemblies provided with a catalyst electrode on a surface in the thickness direction of an electrolyte layer containing an electrolyte medium The separator has a separation unit for separating the flow paths of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.
- a coating layer made of conductive rubber or synthetic resin is formed on the entire surface of the flat metal plate.
- a conductive slurry is applied to the surface of the coating layer in the coating step, and a solvent contained in the conductive slurry applied in the coating layer forming step is removed to form a coating layer.
- a molding layer having a flow path provided in the coating layer is formed by a stamper, and the molding layer is cured in the molding layer curing step to form a resin layer.
- the surface of the metal plate By coating the surface of the metal plate with the coating layer, surface changes such as corrosion by hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and cooling water can be prevented.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by stamper molding, warpage and distortion with higher dimensional accuracy than conventional press working do not occur. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of pressing force, the pattern is formed integrally on both sides and the number of linear patterns increases, which limits the pattern design.However, stamper molding forms completely different patterns on each surface of the separator. It is also possible to form a curved shape and a hole-shaped pattern.
- the present invention is characterized in that it has a high conductive layer forming step of forming a high conductive layer having higher conductivity than the resin layer on the surface of the resin layer.
- the present invention is characterized in that in the high conductive layer forming step, the high conductive layer is formed at least in a region where the resin layer is in contact with the electrolyte assembly.
- a high conductive layer having higher conductivity than the resin layer is formed on the surface of the resin layer.
- This highly conductive layer is formed at least in a region where the resin layer is in contact with the electrolyte assembly.
- the present invention is characterized in that in the step of forming the highly conductive layer, a thin film of carbon is formed by spraying a dispersion of carbon particles.
- a thin film of carbon is formed by spraying a dispersion of carbon particles.
- the separator has a seal portion provided on the outer peripheral portion to prevent leakage of the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas
- a region corresponding to the seal portion is a seal protrusion extending in parallel with the electrolyte layer exposed from the electrolyte assembly by press working, and a top portion thereof is pressed against the electrolyte layer by a spring force.
- the formed seal projection is formed, since the seal portion is formed by pressurizing, high sealing performance can be achieved by simple processing.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, abbreviated as PEFC) 100 in a developed state.
- PEFC Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell
- FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the unit battery 101 including the separator 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the shape of the seal portion 14 for generating a spring force.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a manufacturing process diagram showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a separator.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a manufacturing process diagram showing another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a separator.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a manufacturing process diagram showing another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a separator.
- FIG. 23 is a horizontal sectional view of a unit battery 101 including a separator 1 having another shape.
- FIG. 24 is a horizontal sectional view of a unit battery 101 including a separator 1 having another shape.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic sectional view of the separator 1 obtained in Example 7.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, abbreviated as PEFC) 100 in a developed state.
- the PEFC 100 includes a separator 1, a fuel cell 2, a current collector 3, an insulating sheet 4, an end flange 5, and an electrode wiring 12.
- the PE FC 100 is configured in a so-called stack state in which a plurality of fuel cells 2 are connected in series in order to obtain a high voltage and a high output.
- a separator is arranged between the fuel cell units 2 to supply hydrogen and oxygen to each fuel cell unit 2 and recover generated electricity. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cells 2 and the separators 1 are alternately arranged.
- the separator 1 is arranged, and further outside the separator 1, a current collector 3 is provided.
- the current collecting plate 3 is provided for collecting and extracting the electricity collected by each separator 1, and is connected to the electrode wiring 12.
- the insulating sheet 4 is provided between the current collecting plate 3 and the end flange 5, and is provided between the current collecting plate 3 and the end flange. Prevents current from leaking into sensor 5.
- the end flange 5 is a case for holding the plurality of fuel cells 2 in a stacked state.
- the end flange 5 has a hydrogen gas supply port 6, a cooling water supply port 7, an oxygen gas supply port 8, a hydrogen gas discharge port 9, a cooling water discharge port 10, and an oxygen gas discharge port 11.
- Each supply port force The supplied gas and water fluids pass through each forward path penetrating in the stacking direction of the fuel cell 2, are turned back by the outermost separator 1, and are discharged from each discharge port through each return path.
- the forward path and the return path are branched by each separator 1, and each fluid flowing in the forward path flows into the return path through a flow path formed by the separator 1 and parallel to the surface direction of the fuel cell 2. Since the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas are consumed in the fuel cell 2, the unreacted gas is discharged through the return path. The discharged unreacted gas is recovered and supplied again to the supply location. Since water is generated in the vicinity of the oxygen gas flow path by the reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, the discharged oxygen gas contains water. It is necessary to remove water to supply the released oxygen gas again.
- the hydrogen gas which is the fuel gas
- the oxygen gas which is the oxidizing gas
- any gas that does not deteriorate or denature the contacting flow path is included. You may go out.
- air containing nitrogen may be used as oxygen gas.
- the hydrogen source is not limited to hydrogen gas, but may be methane gas, ethylene gas, natural gas, or ethanol.
- FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the unit battery 101 including the separator 1.
- the unit battery 101 is a minimum configuration capable of generating electric power by supplying hydrogen and oxygen by powering one fuel cell 2 and two separators 1 arranged on both sides thereof.
- the fuel cell 2 as an electrolyte assembly is composed of a polymer membrane 20 as an electrolyte medium and a catalyst electrode 21 formed on the surface of the polymer membrane 20 in the thickness direction, and is also called an MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly).
- the polymer membrane 20 is a proton conductive electrolyte membrane that transmits hydrogen ions (protons), and a perfluorosulfonic acid resin membrane (for example, Naphion, trade name, manufactured by DuPont) is often used.
- the catalyst electrode 21 is laminated on the surface of the polymer film 20 in the thickness direction as a carbon layer containing a catalyst metal such as platinum or ruthenium. When hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are supplied to the catalyst electrode 21, an electrochemical reaction occurs at the interface between the catalyst electrode 21 and the polymer film 20, and DC power is generated.
- the polymer film 20 has a thickness of about 0.1 mm, and the catalyst electrode 21 is formed with a thickness of a power / zm which varies depending on the contained catalyst metal and the like.
- the separator 1 has a separating portion 13 for separating a flow path of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, and a seal portion 14 provided on an outer peripheral portion for preventing leakage of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
- the catalyst electrode 21 is not formed on the entire surface of the polymer film 20, but has a width of the outer periphery of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm. ing.
- the separation part 13 of the separator 1 is formed in a region facing the region where the catalyst electrode 21 is formed, and the seal part is formed in a region facing the region where the polymer film 20 is exposed.
- a plurality of flow grooves parallel to the formation surface of the catalyst electrode 21 and parallel to each other are formed on both surfaces in the thickness direction.
- This flow channel has a concave cross section perpendicular to the gas flow direction.
- the space surrounded by the separation block 15 and the catalyst electrode 21 provided at predetermined intervals becomes a hydrogen gas flow path 16 and an oxygen gas flow path 17.
- the separation block 15 separates the hydrogen gas flow path 16 and the oxygen gas flow path 17 so that the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas do not mix with each other, contacts the catalyst electrode 21, and connects the polymer membrane 20 and the catalyst electrode 21 to each other.
- DC power generated at the interface is extracted as DC current.
- the extracted DC current passes through another separation block 15 or the like and is collected on the current collector 3.
- the flow grooves adjacent to each other are formed so that the open surfaces are oriented in the same direction. Accordingly, a hydrogen gas flow path 16 is set on one surface, and the oxygen gas flow is set on the other surface. Route 17 is set. That is, the gas flow path is set so that the same gas contacts the same catalyst electrode 21. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the two separators 1 constituting one unit cell 101 are arranged so that the open portions of the flow channel grooves face each other with the fuel cell 2 interposed therebetween. That is, the two separators 1 are arranged in a plane-symmetric relationship with the center of the fuel cell 2 as the plane of symmetry.
- the flow grooves facing each other across the pond cell 2 are set so as to form gas flow paths for different gases.
- one of the gas flow paths facing each other across the fuel cell 2 is a hydrogen gas flow path 16 and the other is an oxygen gas flow path 17.
- Electric power can be generated by arranging the separator 1 and setting a gas flow path as described above.
- the flow path formed by the flow path groove and the catalyst electrode 21 is not limited to the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas, and may flow cooling water. When flowing the cooling water, it is preferable that the cooling water is also flowed in the gap between the flow grooves facing each other across the fuel cell 2.
- a flat metal thin plate is used as a core material of the separator 1.
- metal sheets such as iron, aluminum, and titanium, particularly stainless steel (eg, SUS304) steel sheets, SPCC (general cold rolled steel sheets), and corrosion-resistant steel sheets are preferable.
- stainless steel sheets those with surface treatment can be used. For example, those whose surfaces are pickled or electrolytically etched, those containing conductive inclusions, those formed with a BA film, those coated with a conductive conjugate by ion plating, and the like can be used.
- the seal portion 14 has a seal protrusion extending in parallel with the surface on which the catalyst electrode 21 is formed.
- This seal projection has an inverted U-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section perpendicular to the gas flow direction.
- the position force PEFC1 of the top 18 of the seal protrusion is assembled, and the polymer film is further moved from the position where it comes into contact with the polymer film 20.
- the seal portion 14 is formed in advance so as to be on the 20 side. Specifically, as shown in FIG.3A, when the PEFC 1 is assembled, the position of the top 18 of the seal projection is in contact with the catalyst electrode 21 with respect to the virtual contact surface A with the catalyst electrode 21. The position is such that the distance between the surface and the top 18 becomes the thickness tl of the catalyst electrode 21. Therefore, PEF Before CI is assembled, as shown in FIG. .
- the connecting portion between the separating portion 13 and the seal projection acts as a spring
- the spring force is obtained by multiplying the spring constant (elastic constant) by the displacement according to Hooke's law.
- the spring constant is determined by the material of the separator 1 and the shape of the seal portion.
- the press-contact position by the top 18 of the seal projection is also symmetric with respect to the center of the fuel cell 2.
- the surfaces have a plane-symmetric relationship. Since the pressure contact position of the top portion 18 is the opposite position, the sealing performance is improved.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the first embodiment.
- a rubber (including elastomer) layer 31 as a resin layer is formed on both surfaces of a metal thin plate 30 as a core material, and grooves parallel to each other are provided in the rubber layer 31 of the separation portion 13. ing.
- the grooves of the rubber layer 31 serve as the hydrogen gas passage 16 and the oxygen gas passage 17.
- the rubber layer 31 comes into contact with the catalyst electrode 21, the DC power generated at the interface between the polymer film 20 and the catalyst electrode 21 is taken out as a DC current, and collected through the inside of the separator 1. Collected on the board.
- the rubber layer 31 needs to have conductivity, as the rubber, for example, general-purpose rubbers such as isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, and ethylene propylene rubber, gas permeability and A material obtained by adding a carbon filler to a special rubber such as an epichlorohydrin rubber having heat resistance and imparting conductivity thereto can be used.
- a material obtained by adding a carbon filler to an aryl-addition-polymerized polyisobutylene having excellent heat resistance and acid resistance is preferable.
- a synthetic resin layer using a synthetic resin instead of rubber may be provided.
- the synthetic resin a resin obtained by adding a carbon filler to a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a fluorine-containing resin, or the like to impart conductivity can be used.
- fluorinated resins having excellent corrosion resistance are preferred.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkylbutyl ether copolymer
- FEP tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- EPE Tetrafluoroethylene monohexafluoropropylene perfluoroalkylbutyl ether copolymer
- ETFE Tetrafluoroethylene ethylene copolymer
- PCTFE polyethylene trifluoroethylene
- ECTFE polyethylene trifluoroethylene copolymer
- PVDF poly (vinylidene fluoride)
- PVF polyvinyl fluoride
- THV tetrafluoroethylene
- the thin metal plate 30 may be covered with the rubber layer 31 for the seal portion 14.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the first embodiment.
- the separator 1 forms the coating layer 31 and covers the surface of the metal sheet 30.
- the rubber layer 31 comes into contact with and seals the polymer film 20.
- the thin metal plate 30 When the thin metal plate 30 is brought into direct contact with the polymer film 20, when the top portion 18 of the seal projection is deformed, a minute gap is generated between the deformed portion and the surface of the polymer film 20. Fluid may leak from the gap.
- the sealing portion 14 When the sealing portion 14 is covered with the rubber layer 31 which is a highly elastic material, the contact portion is deformed by pressing the top portion 18 by the spring force, so that no gap is formed between the sealing portion 14 and the surface of the polymer film 20, so that the sealing performance is improved. Is improved.
- the coating of the rubber layer 31 on the surface of the thin metal plate 30 is mainly performed by the following two methods.
- the surface of the metal sheet 30 to be coated is roughened by an oxidizing treatment or the like to form a surface treatment layer, and the rubber layer 31 is adhered by an anchor effect.
- the second method when the surface roughness is not sufficient to obtain the adhesion to the rubber layer 31, the rubber layer 31 is bonded via an adhesive layer.
- the adhesive layer for example, triazine thiols and poly-phosphorus are used. Triazine thiols and poly-arines diffused to the metal surface show conductivity. Thus, the generated DC power can be extracted as a DC current.
- a separator having less warpage and deformation and having excellent reliability and corrosion resistance can be provided as compared with a separator that can only use rubber.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the second embodiment.
- the separator 1 includes a metal thin plate 30, a rubber layer 31, and a highly conductive layer 32. On the surface of the rubber layer 31, a highly conductive layer 32 having conductivity higher than the conductivity of the rubber layer 31 is formed. I do.
- the high conductive layer 32 is formed on the surface of the rubber layer 31 so that the contact resistance with the catalyst electrode 21 is reduced. The resistance can be reduced and the recovery can be improved.
- the high conductive layer 32 it is preferable to use a mixture of a binder resin and carbon (hereinafter, referred to as “carbon resin compound”).
- the high-conductivity layer 32 realizes high conductivity by carbon, and reduces gas permeability by a nonaqueous resin. As the carbon content of the carbon-resin compound increases, the electrical resistance of the high conductive layer 32 decreases, but the content of the binder resin decreases, so that the gas permeability increases.
- the resin content of the carbon resin compound is preferably in the range of 20 to 30%.
- the carbon to be contained artificial graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, fullerene and the like are used, and it is particularly preferable to use artificial graphite. It is preferable to use polyisobutylene rubber or the like as the binder resin.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the second embodiment.
- the separator 1 includes a metal thin plate 30, a rubber layer 31, and a highly conductive layer 32.
- the high conductive layer 32 is in contact with and seals the polymer film 20.
- the same rubber as in the first embodiment can be used for the rubber layer 31.
- the separator 1 includes a metal thin plate 30, a rubber layer 31, and a high conductive layer 32, and forms the high conductive layer 32 only on the surface of the rubber layer 31 that is in contact with the catalyst electrode 21.
- the high conductive layer 32 the same carbon resin compound as that of the high conductive layer 32 of the second embodiment can be used.
- a sufficient effect can be obtained by reducing the contact resistance due to the high conductive layer 32 if the high conductive layer 32 is formed only in the contact area between the rubber layer 31 and the catalyst electrode 21. Therefore, the formation region of the high conductive layer 32 can be reduced, and the contact resistance can be effectively reduced with a small amount of the carbon resin compound.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the fourth embodiment.
- the separator 1 is formed by a thin metal plate, a rubber layer, and a high conductive layer. As shown in FIG. On the surface of the rubber layer 33, a high conductive layer 34 provided with a groove serving as a gas flow path of the separation part 13 is formed.
- most of the separation portion 13 is made of the high conductive layer 34, so that the resistance of the entire current path can be significantly reduced in addition to the contact resistance with the catalyst electrode 21. Therefore, the power recovery rate can be further improved.
- the same rubber as the rubber layer 31 of the first embodiment can be used for the rubber layer 33, and the same carbon resin as the high conductive layer 32 of the second embodiment can be used for the high conductive layer 34.
- Compounds can be used.
- the high conductive layer 34 may be provided on the separation part 13 and the seal part 14, or may be provided only on the separation part 13 and not on the seal part 14, as in the second embodiment.
- seal portion 14 in the third and fourth embodiments does not form the high conductive layer 32, and the rubber layer 31 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the fifth embodiment.
- a coating layer 41 is formed on both sides of a metal thin plate 40 as a core material, and a resin layer 42 is further formed on the coating layer 41.
- the resin layer 42 of the separation part 13 is provided with grooves parallel to each other. .
- the groove force of the resin layer 42 becomes the hydrogen gas passage 16 and the oxygen gas passage 17.
- the resin layer 42 contacts the catalyst electrode 21, takes out DC power generated at the interface between the polymer film 20 and the catalyst electrode 21 as a DC current, passes through the coating layer 41 and the metal sheet 40, Collected on the current collector.
- the rubber may be, for example, general-purpose rubbers such as isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butynole rubber, and ethylene propylene rubber, and have gas permeability and heat resistance. It is possible to use a special rubber such as epichlorohydrin rubber to which a conductive filler is added to impart conductivity. In particular, a material obtained by adding a carbon filler to an acryl-based addition polymerization type polyisobutylene having excellent heat resistance and acid resistance is preferable.
- the synthetic resin a resin obtained by adding a conductive filler to a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a fluorine-containing resin, or the like to impart conductivity can be used.
- fluorinated resins having excellent corrosion resistance are preferred.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkylbutyl ether copolymer
- FEP Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- EPE tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- ETFE tetrafluoroethylene ethylene copolymer Coalesced
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- ECTFE black trifluoroethylene ethylene copolymer
- PVDF poly-vinylidene fluoride
- PVF polyvinyl fluoride
- THV tetrafluoroethylene
- VDF—HFP flutsudani bi-lidene monohexafluoropropylene copolymer
- the resin layer 42 provided with the flow channel is formed by printing that is not performed by the conventional press working.
- the same rubber or synthetic resin as the coating layer 41 can be used.
- the rubber polyisobutylene or the like is preferable, and as the synthetic resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, or the like is preferable.
- the resin layer 42 needs to have conductivity and be able to be formed by printing.
- a conductive ink containing a vehicle composed of a curable monomer or a curable oligomer and a conductive filler composed of a metal compound or a carbon-based material is prepared and coated with a predetermined printing method. A pattern printing is performed on the layer 41 to form a resin layer 42.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the fifth embodiment.
- the coating layer 41 is in contact with and seals the polymer film 20.
- the seal part 14 is formed by press processing.
- FIG. 12 is a manufacturing process diagram showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a separator.
- This manufacturing process includes a substrate processing step, an ink preparation step, a resin layer printing step, a resin layer curing step, and a seal part forming step.
- the thickness of the printed ink is approximately 300 m to 700 m.
- the resin layer 42 has conductivity, it is necessary to contain a large amount of conductive filler.
- the passivation film is removed by etching the surface of the metal thin plate 40 to secure conductivity with the coating layer 41. Then, a coating layer 41 is formed.
- die cutting is performed, and a liquid containing conductive carbon filler or the like in advance on the surface of the die-cut metal sheet. Coat conductive rubber or laminate green sheet conductive rubber. Heating The vulcanization of the cover layer 41 may be performed in the substrate processing step, or may be performed simultaneously with the curing of the resin layer 42 in the resin layer curing step described below.
- the one in which the coating layer 41 is formed on the metal thin plate 40 may be referred to as a coating substrate.
- a conductive ink used in the resin layer printing step in the subsequent step is prepared.
- the conductive ink contains at least a vehicle, a conductive filler, and a polymerization catalyst for promoting curing and other additives.
- the resin layer 42 is made of the rubber or the synthetic resin as described above, a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for realizing these may be used as the vehicle.
- a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for realizing these may be used as the vehicle.
- an atalinole-based monomer or oligomer, an epoxy-based monomer or oligomer, a polyisobutylene oligomer, or the like can be used.
- acrylic monomer or oligomer epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, and isoborodiol acrylate are preferable.
- a metal compound or a carbon-based material can be used as the conductive filler.
- the metal compound include shirotani strontium, strontium nitride, and cesium iridani.
- the carbon-based material there are a powdery material and a fibrous material.
- the powdery material include artificial graphite, natural graphite, and carbon black.
- Preferred examples of the fibrous material include carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers.
- the photopolymerization catalyst include a combination of a boron compound and a photosensitive dye, and amino. A combination of metatarylate and camphorquinone is preferred.
- a viscosity reducing agent or the like can be used as another additive.
- the printing ink layer is formed by pattern printing the conductive ink prepared in the ink preparation step on the surface of the coated substrate in a region corresponding to the separation portion 13.
- the printing ink layer is a layer before being cured as a resin layer, and the flow channel groove It is formed to have substantially the same shape as the intended resin layer 42.
- the conductive ink has a high viscosity because it contains a large amount of conductive filler, and has a high consistency to form the flow channel.
- As a printing method use an intaglio in which a recess is formed in silicone rubber. Intaglio printing, stencil printing using a stencil plate having a printing pattern hole formed on a metal plate, and screen printing using a screen having a printing pattern hole formed on a sachet by a resist pattern are suitable.
- stencil printing is more suitable as the ink viscosity is higher, and screen printing is more suitable as the ink viscosity is lower.
- Intaglio printing is suitable for use at its intermediate viscosity!
- Screen printing and stencil printing are suitable for flat fine patterns such as the pitch of the flow channel. For the cross-sectional shape of the pattern, intaglio printing is most suitable due to the amount of deformation.
- a printing method suitable for the conductive ink may be selected in accordance with characteristics required for the separator, such as conductivity and flow path pitch.
- any one of the heat curing treatment and the light curing treatment or both of them is selected and performed according to the vehicle of the conductive ink used.
- the resin layer 42 is a rubber layer, for example, a polyisobutylene oligomer is used as a vehicle, and the vehicle is cured by heating.
- the resin layer 42 is a synthetic resin layer, the vehicle is, for example, epoxy phthalate and is cured by light irradiation and heating.
- the thermal curing treatment even if the thickness of the printing ink layer is large, it takes a long time to cure enough to cure the inside of the ink layer.
- the time required for the curing is short, and it is difficult to harden the entirety because the irradiated light does not harden to the depth reached in the printing ink layer.
- the surface layer of the printing ink layer is previously cured by light irradiation, and the entire layer is cured by heating.
- the wavelength is short, so that the energy to cure is large.
- it is not suitable for curing a thick film having a short reaching depth as in the present invention. Therefore, it is preferable to irradiate light having a wavelength from visible light to near infrared light.
- the curing from the lamp may be promoted by the heat from the lamp.
- pre-print By performing the heat treatment, the ink adhesion at the time of printing is good and the curing is promoted.
- heating by a heating furnace and electromagnetic wave heating by electromagnetic wave irradiation are preferable.
- the thin metal plate may be supplied in a roll shape, or may be supplied in a piece shape which is previously cut to the outer dimensions of the separator.
- a seal protrusion is formed in a region corresponding to the seal portion 14 of the coated substrate by pressurizing.
- the shape of the seal protrusion is determined so that the seal protrusion is pressed against the polymer film 20 by a spring force, and the seal protrusion having the shape determined by press working is formed.
- the seal protrusion is formed by a single press, and the separator 1 is obtained by punching the separator to an outer dimension. Further, the formation of the seal projection and the punching of the outer dimensions may be performed by two successive presses.
- the separator 1 obtained as described above is alternately stacked with the fuel cell 2 in the assembling process. Further, the current collector 3, the insulating sheet 4, the end flange 5, and the electrode wiring 12 are added. It is assembled as PEFC100 having the configuration shown in Fig.
- the separator 1 may provide an adhesive layer between the metal sheet and the coating layer.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the sixth embodiment
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal unit 14.
- the metal thin plate 40 and the coating layer 41 are bonded via the bonding layer 43.
- An adhesive layer is formed on the metal surface by coating the surface of the thin metal plate 40 with a conductive coupling agent typified by triazine thiols and a doping coating with a conductive polymer typified by polyaline. 43 is formed.
- the triazine thiols and poly-arines diffused on the metal surface exhibit conductivity, so that conductivity with the resin layer 42 is ensured, and the generated DC power can be extracted as a DC current.
- the substrate processing in step S1 is performed.
- the adhesive layer 43 is formed immediately after the passivation film is removed from the surface of the metal sheet 40 by etching or the like.
- the separator 1 may have a configuration in which a highly conductive layer is provided on the surface of the resin layer.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the seventh embodiment.
- the high conductive layer 44 is formed only on the surface of the resin layer 42 that contacts the catalyst electrode 21. If the contact resistance between the resin layer 42 and the catalyst electrode 21 is so high that a sufficient power recovery rate cannot be obtained, a highly conductive layer 44 is formed on the surface of the resin layer 42 so that the contact with the catalyst electrode 21 can be prevented. The contact resistance can be reduced and the recovery can be improved.
- carbon resin compound a mixture of a binder resin and carbon
- the high-conductivity layer 44 realizes high conductivity by carbon, and reduces gas permeability by the use of a binder resin.
- the resin content of the carbon resin compound is preferably in the range of 20 to 30%.
- the carbon to be contained artificial graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, fullerene and the like are used, and it is particularly preferable to use artificial graphite. It is preferable to use polyisobutylene rubber or the like as the binder resin.
- the mixture of the high conductive layer 44 may be applied only to the area of the surface of the resin layer 42 which is in contact with the catalyst electrode 21.
- a sufficient effect can be obtained by reducing the contact resistance due to the high conductive layer 44 by forming the high conductive layer 44 only in the contact area between the resin layer 42 and the catalyst electrode 21. Therefore, the formation area of the high conductive layer 44 can be reduced, and the contact resistance can be effectively reduced with a small amount of the carbon resin compound.
- a high conductive layer forming step is performed after the resin layer printing step or the resin layer curing step.
- a carbon resin compound is applied to the surface of the resin layer at a predetermined thickness.
- the highly conductive layer is cured together with the resin layer by the heat curing treatment in the resin layer curing step.
- photo-curing treatment on the resin layer, if the carbon resin compound is applied before curing, the resin layer cannot be cured. High conductive layer To cure.
- the high conductive layer 44 can be sufficiently effective even with a thin film layer, when the printing ink layer after the resin layer printing step is in a wet state, the alcohol dispersion liquid of carbon particles is sprayed. It can also be formed in a simple process by spraying to a thickness of several meters and then drying and solidifying.
- the resin layer 42 for providing the gas flow path in the separation section 13 is formed by forming the conductive ink by a predetermined printing method, so that warpage and distortion with higher dimensional accuracy than conventional press working do not occur. Therefore, the productivity of the separator 1 can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of pressing force, the pattern design is restricted because the pattern is formed integrally on both sides and the number of linear patterns increases, but according to printing, completely different patterns are formed on each surface of the separator 1. It is possible to form a curved shape and a hole-shaped pattern. Further, the seal portion 14 is formed by press working, and high sealing performance can be achieved by simple working.
- the contact resistance between the catalyst electrode 21 and the separator 1 can be significantly reduced, so that the power recovery rate can be further improved.
- a thin metal plate is used as the core material of the separator 1, but a highly conductive and high-strength resin such as a highly conductive carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP) may be used! .
- CFRP highly conductive carbon fiber reinforced resin
- Example 1 the resin layer 42 was polyisobutylene, and the ink composition was formed using stencil printing.
- Conductive filler 750 parts by weight of spheroidal graphite (Nippon Graphite Industries), 50 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500)
- Example 2 the resin layer 42 was an epoxy resin and was formed by screen printing. '' Ink composition
- Epoxy acrylate (Product name: Lipoxy SP1507, manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.)
- Conductive filler 550 parts by weight of scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Industries, product name: BF series), 100 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500)
- Polymerization catalyst dye, borate Bimolecular photopolymerization initiator 0.3 parts by weight
- Light curing and heat curing Using a metal halide lamp (Mitsubishi Electric Lighting, HQI-TS-250W ZD) as a light source, irradiating for 3 minutes at a distance of 10 cm
- the resin layer 42 was an epoxy resin, and was formed using intaglio printing.
- Epoxy acrylate (Product name: Lipoxy SP1507, manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.)
- Conductive filler 550 parts by weight of scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Industrial Co., Ltd., product name: BF series), 1 part by weight of gas-phase carbon fiber (manufactured by Showa Denko, product name: VGCF)
- Polymerization catalyst dye, borate Bimolecular photopolymerization initiator 0.3 parts by weight
- Light curing and thermal curing Using a metal halide lamp (Mitsubishi Electric Lighting, HQI-TS-250W ZD) as a light source, irradiate 10 cm away for a minute, then heat in a furnace at 150 ° C for 7 minutes
- Table 1 shows the mechanical and electrical characteristics of each example.
- the contact resistance value is determined by spraying an ethyl alcohol dispersion liquid of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., product name # 5500) to obtain a dry film thickness. Spraying was performed to a thickness of 2-3 m, and then cured to form a highly conductive layer, which was measured.
- the separator produced according to Example 13 was homogeneous without any uncured portions, and the resin layer 42 Had good adhesion. Also, as shown in Table 1, mechanical and electrical properties sufficiently functioning as a separator were obtained.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the eighth embodiment.
- a resin layer 42 is formed on both surfaces of a metal thin plate 40 serving as a core via an adhesive layer 43, and the resin layer 42 of the separation unit 13 is provided with grooves parallel to each other.
- the grooves provided in the resin layer 42 become the hydrogen gas passage 16 and the oxygen gas passage 17. Rubber (elastomer) or synthetic resin can be used for the resin layer 42.
- the resin layer 42 comes into contact with the catalyst electrode 21, takes out DC power generated at the interface between the polymer film 20 and the catalyst electrode 21 as a DC current, passes through the thin metal plate 40 to the current collector plate. Collected.
- the adhesive layer 43 is formed by coating the surface of the thin metal plate 40 with a conductive coupling agent typified by triazine thiols and a coating doped with a conductive polymer typified by polyarines. It is formed on the surface as a diffusion layer. Since the triazine thiols and polyarines diffused on the metal surface exhibit conductivity, the conductivity with the resin layer 42 is ensured, and the generated DC power can be extracted as a DC current.
- a conductive green sheet is laminated on the surface of a thin metal plate that is not formed by conventional press working, and the resin layer 42 provided with a flow channel is formed by forming irregularities on the conductive green sheet using a stamper.
- the resin layer 42 needs to have conductivity, rubber or a synthetic resin containing a conductive filler can be used.
- rubber or a synthetic resin containing a conductive filler can be used.
- polyisobutylene or the like is preferable as the rubber, and epoxy resin is preferable.
- IPN interpenetrating polymer network
- the resin layer 42 is formed as a conductive green sheet, and needs to be capable of forming a flow path by a stamper.
- a composition containing a binder made of a curable monomer, a curable oligomer or a curable prepolymer, and a conductive filler that also has a metal compound or a carbon-based material is prepared to form a conductive green sheet.
- a stamper (die) provided with a predetermined transfer pattern
- the resin green layer is formed by forming irregularities on the conductive green sheet.
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal portion 14 in the eighth embodiment.
- the thin metal plate 40 is in contact with and seals the polymer film 20.
- the seal portion 14 is formed by press working.
- FIG. 18 is a manufacturing process diagram showing another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a separator.
- This production process includes a substrate processing step, a composition preparation step, a lamination step, a molding step, a molding layer hardening step, and a seal part forming step.
- a composition for forming a conductive green sheet is important for achieving the required electrical and structural characteristics.
- step SI1 when a thin metal plate 40 such as a stainless steel plate is used as a substrate, the surface of the thin metal plate 40 is etched to form a passivation film in order to secure conductivity with the coating layer 31. Then, the adhesive layer 43 is formed. Specifically, in order to obtain a gas path in a predetermined outer shape and thickness direction, a die cutting process is performed, and a conductive coupling agent represented by triazine thiols is applied to the surface of the die-cut metal sheet. And doping with a conductive polymer typified by polyarines.
- a conductive green sheet composition (hereinafter, simply referred to as “conductive composition”) used in the subsequent laminating step is prepared.
- the conductive composition In order to realize low-cost production, it is desirable that not only the raw materials but also the processing steps be rich in mass productivity. Therefore, it is desirable for the conductive composition to contain a polymerization catalyst and other additives for accelerating curing by blending a large amount of a conductive filler with a liquid and reactive binder.
- a curable monomer, a curable oligomer or a curable prepolymer to be used may be used.
- curing is performed by a combination of photocuring and thermal curing. Therefore, it is preferable to use a photocurable monomer, a photocurable oligomer, or a photocurable prepolymer.
- acrylic monomers or oligomers, epoxy monomers or oligomers, polyisobutylene oligomers and the like can be used.
- acrylic monomer or oligomer epoxy acrylate, polyester phthalate, isopol-al acrylate and the like are preferable.
- a metal compound or a carbon-based material can be used as the conductive filler.
- the metal compound include shirotani strontium, strontium nitride, and cesium iridani.
- the carbon-based material there are a powdery material and a fibrous material.
- the powdery material include artificial graphite, natural graphite, and carbon black.
- Preferred examples of the fibrous material include carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers.
- a viscosity reducing agent or the like can be used as another additive.
- lipophilic acrylic monomers examples include dicyclopental (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxetyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl tribromo (meth) acrylate, phenoxetyl tribromo (meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylic acid biphenyl ethoxylate, (meth) acrylic acid biphenyl epoxy, (meth) acrylic acid naphthylethoxy, (meth) acrylic acid fluorene epoxy, di (meth) acrylic acid bisphenol A, tetrabromodi (meth) acrylic Bisphenol A, ethoxy-modified bis (meth) acrylate bisphenol A, tetrabromoethoxy-modified di (meth) acrylate bisphenol A, di (meth) acrylate phenol A epoxy, ethoxy-modified di (meth) Bisphenol acrylate A epo Shi, tetra Buromoji
- hydrophilic acrylic monomers examples include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2 methacryloxyethyl 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, and N N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N, N-diethylacrylamide, atariloylmorpholine, N, N-dimethylaminopropylatarylamide, isopropylacrylamide, dimethylaminoethylatarylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropylatali (Meth) acrylates such as ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and glycerin (meth) acrylate such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate
- esters, (meth) acrylates of diols such as hexanediol di (meth)
- Epoxy resins include aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, and aliphatic epoxy resins.
- aromatic epoxy resin a polyphenol having at least one aromatic nucleus or an alkylene thereof is used.
- a polyglycidyl ether of an oxide adduct for example, glycidyl ether or epoxy novolak produced by reacting bisphenol A or bisphenol F or a kappa compound with an alkylene oxide thereof with epichlorohydrin; Fats.
- alicyclic epoxy resin examples include a polyglycidyl ether of a polyhydric alcohol having at least one alicyclic ring or a compound containing a cyclohexene or cyclopentene ring, such as hydrogen peroxide or a peroxy acid.
- examples include cyclohexene oxide or cyclopentene oxide-containing conjugate obtained by epoxidizing with an appropriate oxidizing agent.
- alicyclic epoxy resin monomers include hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 3,4 epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexane, ruboxylate, and 2- (3,4 epoxycyclohexyl 5,5-spiro-3,4 epoxy) cyclohexane meta-dioxane, bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) adipate, bulcyclohexenedionoxide, 4 bulepoxycyclohexane, bis (3, 4 Epoxy-6-methylcyclohexyl 3,4-epoxy 6-methylcyclohexane) force Ruboxylate, methylenebis (3,4-epoxycyclohexane), dicyclopentadiene Jepoxide, di (3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) ether of ethylene glycol, ethylenebis (3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate), dioctyl
- aliphatic epoxy resin monomers examples include polyglycidyl ethers of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols or their alkylene oxide adducts, polyglycidinoleesters of aliphatic long-chain polybasic acids, and glycidyl atalylate glycidyl methacrylate.
- tallylate examples of which are diglycidyl ether of 1,4-butanediol, diglycidino ether of 1,6-hexanediol, triglycidyl ether of glycerin, and triglycidyl ether of glycerin.
- One or two or more aliphatic polyhydric alcohols such as triglycidinoleate ether of trimethylonolepropane, diglycidyl ether of polyethylene glycolone, diglycidyl ether of polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin
- Polyglycidyl ethers of polyether polyols one Le obtained by adding an alkylene oxide, diglycidyl esters of aliphatic long chain dibasic acids like et be.
- monoglycidyl ethers of aliphatic higher alcohols, phenols, cresols, butyl phenols or monoglycidyl ethers of polyether alcohols obtained by adding alkylene oxide thereto, glycidyl esters of higher fatty acids, epoxidized soybean oil And butyl epoxystearate, octyl epoxystearate, epoxidized linseed oil, and epoxidized polybutadiene sugar.
- cationic polymerization reactive substances other than epoxy resins include oxetane compounds such as trimethylene oxide, 3,3-dimethyloxetane, and 3,3-dichloromethyloxetane; tetrahydrofuran; Oxolane compounds such as dimethyltetrahydrofuran; cyclic acetal compounds such as trioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,3,6-trioxanecyclooctane; cyclic ratatonic conjugates such as j8-propiolatatone and ⁇ -proprolatetatone; ethylene Thiirane compounds such as sulfide and thiopichlorohydrin; 1,3 propyne sulfide; chetan compounds such as 3,3-dimethyl carten; ethylene glycol divinyl ether, alkyl butyl ether, 3, 4-dihydro Pyran 2-methyl (3,4-dihydropyran 2-carbo Shireto), bi
- Examples of the cationic polymerization initiator include diazo-pium salt, odonium salt, sulfo-pum salt, selenium salt, pyridinium salt, ferro-senium salt, phospho-pium salt, and dipyridinium salt.
- a polymerization initiator such as an aromatic acid salt or an aromatic sulfonium salt, the BF-, AsF-, SbF-, PF-, B (CF)- And the like.
- cationic polymerization initiators include, for example, Cyracure UVI-6974 (bis [4 (diphenyl-sulfo-phenyl) phenyl] sulfidobishexafluoroantimonate and diphenyl 4-thiophenoxy) Mixture of phenylsulfo-dimethylhexafluoroantimonate), Cyracure UVI-6990 (hexafluorophosphate of UVI-6974) (all manufactured by Union Carbide), and Adeka Optomer SP-151 , Adeka Optomer SP-170 (Bis [4 (di (4- (2-hydroxyethyl) phenyl) sulfo) phenyl] sulfide), Adeka Obtomer SP-150 (Adeka Optomer SP-170 Hexafluorophosphate), Adeka Optomer SP-171 (from Asahi Denka), DTS-102, DTS-103, NAT-103, N
- radical polymerization initiator examples include benzophenone, thioxanthone, 2,4-diethyl thioxanthone, 2-isopropyl thioxanthone, thioxanthones such as 2,4-dichloro thioxanthone, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, and the like.
- Benzoin ethers such as 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphene-leutane 1 on, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane 1 on, 1- (4 isopropylphenol ) -2-Hydroxyalkylphenones such as 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane-1one, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenol-ketone, and ⁇ -dicarbon compounds such as camphorquinone.
- the radical polymerization initiator is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 20 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the photocurable composition.
- binders, conductive fillers and polymerization initiators are mixed to obtain a conductive composition. It is desirable that the binder, the conductive filler and the polymerization initiator are first mixed homogeneously with the binder and the polymerization initiator, and then mixed with the conductive filler. If the binder, the conductive filler and the polymerization initiator are simply mixed, the polymerization initiator may adhere to the surface of the conductive filler and may not be homogeneously mixed. Are desirably mixed in the order described above.
- step S13 The following two types of processes can be considered as the lamination process in step S13, and can be appropriately selected according to manufacturing conditions.
- the first step is a step of directly laminating a conductive green sheet on the metal sheet 40 processed in the substrate processing step by extrusion molding of the conductive composition prepared in the composition preparing step.
- the conductive composition prepared in the composition preparation step is extruded.
- a conductive green sheet is prepared in advance on a resin film having excellent mold release properties, and the prepared conductive green sheet is laminated on the metal sheet 40 treated in the substrate processing step.
- the conductive composition does not contain volatile components! Since it is a tough type composition, extrusion molding using an extruder (etastruder) is desirable in order to form a conductive green sheet.
- extruder include a spiral screw extruder and a mono pump extruder.
- a molded layer having a flow path is formed in the stacked conductive green sheets by a stamper.
- the molding layer is a layer in a state before being cured as a resin layer, has a flow channel formed therein, and is formed in substantially the same shape as the target resin layer 42.
- a stamper (die) is pressed against the conductive green sheet to transfer the concave / convex pattern formed on the stamper.
- the stamper may be a flat plate or a gently curved stamper.
- the stamper since the stamper is a mold for shaping the conductive green sheet, it may have a mechanical strength equal to or lower than that of a press mold such as a metal sheet.
- aluminum alloys can be used for small-scale production such as trial production, and SS steels (rolled steel for general structural use) can be used for mass production.
- the conductive green sheet is non-adhesive, the surface of the conductive green sheet may increase in tackiness when pressed with a stamper, and the surface of the conductive green sheet may be roughened during release. Therefore, it is desirable that the contact portion of the stamper with the conductive green sheet is non-adhered to improve the releasability.
- non-adhesive layer examples include a process of attaching Teflon (registered trademark) particles into micro cracks of chrome plating, a process of forming a DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) film, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, titanium carbonitride, Examples include processing for forming a ceramic film such as titanium oxide, aluminum titanium nitride, and chromium nitride, processing for forming a hard film by plasma source ion implantation, and processing for hardening the surface by electric discharge. In particular, it is desirable to form a chromium nitride film on the surface of the conductive green sheet of the present invention.
- the molded layer provided with the flow path is cured by a combination of a photocuring process and a thermosetting process.
- the surface layer of the molding layer The part is cured, and the entire molding layer is cured by a thermosetting treatment.
- the photocuring treatment alone does not allow the irradiated light to reach the depth within the printing ink layer and harden. Further, in the thermosetting treatment, the flow path formed by the stamper is deformed due to heat dripping. Therefore, it is effective to cure the surface layer of the molding layer by light irradiation in advance, and to cure the entire layer by heating.In the case of photo-curing, if ultraviolet light is used as the irradiation light, the wavelength is short. Although the enolen resin is large, it is not suitable for hardening a thick film as in the present invention, which has a short reaching depth.
- heating by a heating furnace and electromagnetic heating by electromagnetic wave irradiation are desirable.
- the metal thin plate may be supplied in a roll form, or may be supplied in the form of a piece that has been cut into the outer dimensions of a separator in advance.
- a seal protrusion is formed in a region corresponding to the seal portion 14 of the coated substrate by press working. As shown in Fig. 3, when the PEFC is assembled, the shape of the seal protrusion is determined by a spring force so that the seal protrusion is pressed against the polymer film 20, and the seal protrusion having the shape determined by pressing is formed. I do.
- the seal protrusion is formed by one press, and the separator 1 is obtained by punching the separator to an outer size.
- the formation of the seal projection and the punching of the outer dimensions may be performed by two successive presses.
- the separator 1 obtained as described above is alternately stacked with the fuel cell 2 in the assembling process. Further, the current collector 3, the insulating sheet 4, the end flange 5, and the electrode wiring 12 are added. It is assembled as PEFC100 having the configuration shown in Fig.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the ninth embodiment
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a main part of the seal unit 14.
- the ninth embodiment by coating the surface of the thin metal plate 40 with the coating layer 41 in the separation unit 13, it is possible to effectively prevent surface changes such as corrosion due to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and cooling water. it can.
- examples of the rubber include general-purpose rubbers such as isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butynole rubber, and ethylene propylene rubber.
- a special rubber having gas permeability and heat resistance, such as epichlorohydrin rubber, to which a conductive filler is added to impart conductivity can be used.
- those obtained by adding a carbon filler to an acryl-based addition polymerization type polyisobutylene having excellent heat resistance and acid resistance are preferable.
- the synthetic resin a resin obtained by adding a conductive filler to a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a fluorine-containing resin, or the like to impart conductivity can be used.
- fluorinated resins having excellent corrosion resistance are preferred.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkylbutyl ether copolymer
- FEP Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- EPE tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- ETFE tetrafluoroethylene ethylene copolymer Coalesced
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- ECTFE black trifluoroethylene ethylene copolymer
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVF polyvinylfluoride
- THV tetrafluoroethylene
- VDF—HFP flutsudani bi-lidene monohexafluoropropylene copolymer
- the contact portion is deformed due to the pressing force of the top portion 18 due to the spring force, and no gap is formed between the sealing portion 14 and the surface of the polymer film 20, so that the sealing performance is improved. Is further improved.
- the covering layer 41 is formed.
- the vulcanization of the coating layer 41 by heating is The curing may be performed at the same time, or may be performed simultaneously with the curing of the resin layer 42 in a molding layer curing step described later.
- the separator 1 may have a configuration in which a highly conductive layer is provided on the surface of the resin layer 42.
- FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of a main part of the separation unit 13 in the tenth embodiment.
- the high conductive layer 44 is formed only on the surface of the resin layer 42 that contacts the catalyst electrode 21.
- a highly conductive layer 44 is formed on the surface of the resin layer 42 so that the contact with the catalyst electrode 21 can be prevented.
- the contact resistance can be reduced and the recovery can be improved.
- a carbon resin compound it is preferable to use a carbon resin compound.
- the high-conductivity layer 44 achieves high conductivity by carbon, and reduces gas permeability by the use of a binder resin. As the carbon content of the carbon-resin compound increases, the electric resistance of the high conductive layer 44 decreases, but the content of the binder resin decreases, so that the gas permeability increases.
- the resin content of the carbon resin compound is preferably in the range of 20-30%.
- the carbon to be contained artificial graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, fullerene and the like are used, and it is particularly preferable to use artificial graphite. It is preferable to use polyisobutylene rubber or the like as the nodular resin.
- the mixture of the high conductive layer 44 may be applied only to the area of the surface of the resin layer 42 which is in contact with the catalyst electrode 21.
- a sufficient effect can be obtained by reducing the contact resistance due to the high conductive layer 44 by forming the high conductive layer 44 only in the contact area between the resin layer 42 and the catalyst electrode 21. Therefore, the formation area of the high conductive layer 44 can be reduced, and the contact resistance can be effectively reduced with a small amount of the carbon resin compound.
- a high conductive layer forming step is performed during or after the molding layer curing step.
- a carbon resin compound is applied to the surface of the resin layer 42 with a predetermined thickness.
- the molding layer curing step since the resin layer 42 is subjected to a photocuring treatment, if the carbon resin composition is applied before the molding layer curing step, the curing of the resin layer 42 becomes difficult. Therefore, when performing during the molding layer curing step, it should be performed after performing the light curing treatment and before performing the heat curing treatment.
- the alcohol dispersion liquid of the carbon particles is sprayed by spraying several times; It can also be formed in a simple process by spraying to a thickness of 3 mm and then drying and solidifying.
- the resin layer 42 for providing the gas flow path in the separation section 13 is formed by forming the flow path in the conductive green sheet by stamper molding, which is smaller in size than the conventional press working. No warpage and distortion with high accuracy occur. Therefore, the productivity of the separator 1 can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of press working, the pattern design is limited because the pattern is formed as a single body on the front and back and the number of linear patterns increases, but stamper molding forms completely different patterns on each surface of the separator 1. It is possible to form a curved shape and a hole-shaped pattern. Further, the seal portion 14 is formed by press working, and high sealing performance can be realized by simple working.
- the contact resistance between the catalyst electrode 21 and the separator 1 can be significantly reduced, so that the power recovery rate can be further improved.
- a separator 1 was produced under the conditions shown in Examples 416 below.
- a stamper made of an aluminum alloy and having a chromium nitride film formed on the surface in order to improve the releasability was used in Examples 416.
- the resin layer 42 was formed of an acrylic Z epoxy IPN structure resin.
- Binder atalylate oligomer (hexanediol diatalylate
- epoxy oligomer epoxy oligomer (epoxidized soybean oil, CP HALL, product name Paraplex G-62) 70 parts by weight, UCB Chemical Co., Ltd. product name HDDA)
- Conductive filler Spheroidal graphite (Nippon Graphite Industries) 300 parts by weight, conductive carbon black
- Polymerization catalyst hydroxyphenol-ketone (Ciba, product name Daro cure 1173) 1.5 parts by weight, triallylsulfo-dimethyl hexafluoride (Dow Chemical Co., product name Cyracure UVI-6990) 1.0 weight Department
- Example 5 the resin layer 42 was formed of vinyl ester (epoxy acrylate). '' Conductive composition
- Nonda 100 parts by weight of atalylate oligomer (bisphenol A diatalate, manufactured by Showa Polymer, product name: Lipoxy SP1507)
- Conductive filler 300 parts by weight of spheroidal graphite (manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industries), 150 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500), 300 parts by weight of scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Works, product name: BF series)
- Polymerization catalyst Dye, borate Two-photon (P II) photopolymerization initiator ⁇ -diketone 3 parts by weight, tertiary amine 0.5 parts by weight
- Photocuring Irradiation at 600mWZcm 2 for 10 seconds using a xenon lamp
- the resin layer 42 was formed of an acrylic Z epoxy IPN structure resin.
- Nonda Athalylate oligomer (bisphenol A diatalylate, manufactured by Showa Polymer, product name: Lipoxy SP1507) 50 parts by weight, epoxy oligomer (biscycloaliphatic diepoxy, manufactured by Ciba, product name: Araldite GY-179)
- Conductive filler 300 parts by weight of spheroidal graphite (manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industries), 150 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500), scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Industry Co., Ltd., product name) BF series) 300 parts by weight
- Polymerization catalyst bisacylphosphinoxide (Ciba, product name Irgacure819) l. Triple weight part, triallylsulfo-pum hexafluoride (Dow Chemical, product name)
- Table 2 shows the mechanical and electrical characteristics of each example.
- the contact resistance value is determined by spraying an ethyl alcohol dispersion liquid of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., product name # 5500) to obtain a dry film thickness. Spraying was performed to a thickness of 2-3 m, and then cured to form a highly conductive layer, which was measured.
- the separator manufactured according to Examples 4 to 16 was homogeneous without any uncured portions, and had good transferability from the stamper. In addition, as shown in Table 2, mechanical and electrical characteristics sufficiently functioning as a separator were obtained.
- FIG. 22 is a manufacturing process diagram showing another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a separator.
- a conductive slurry is applied to the surface of a thin metal plate that does not use a conductive green sheet, and the slurry is dried to form a coating layer.
- the provided resin layer 42 is formed.
- the resin layer 42 has conductivity. Therefore, rubber or a synthetic resin containing a conductive filler can be used.
- polyisobutylene or the like is preferable as the rubber, and epoxy resin or acrylic resin is preferable as the synthetic resin.
- a resin having an interpenetrating polymer network (abbreviated as “IPN”) structure obtained by combining magus epoxy resin and acrylic resin is more preferable.
- IPN interpenetrating polymer network
- the resin layer 42 is formed as a coating layer on which the conductive slurry has been dried, and needs to be able to be formed by a stamper.
- a conductive slurry is prepared by mixing a curable monomer, a curable oligomer or a curable binder and a conductive filler composed of a metal compound or a carbon-based material with a solvent, and applying the slurry to the surface of the metal sheet. I do.
- irregularities are formed on the coating layer using a stamper (die) provided with a predetermined transfer pattern to form a resin layer 42.
- This manufacturing process includes a substrate processing step, a slurry preparation step, a coating step, a coating layer forming step, a molding step, a molding layer curing step, and a sealing part forming step, and includes the separator 1 according to the eighth to tenth embodiments.
- a thick film with a thickness of about 100 m to 500 m is formed on the molded resin layer.
- the resin layer 42 has conductivity, it is necessary to contain a large amount of conductive filler.
- the composition of the conductive slurry is important for achieving the required electrical and structural characteristics.
- the passivation film is etched by etching the surface of the metal thin plate 40 to secure conductivity with the resin layer 42.
- the adhesive layer 43 is formed. Specifically, in order to obtain a gas path in a predetermined outer shape and thickness direction, a die cutting process is performed, and a conductive coupling agent represented by triazine thiols is applied to the surface of the die-cut metal sheet. And doping with a conductive polymer typified by polyarines.
- a conductive slurry used in the subsequent coating step is prepared.
- the conductive slurry to be prepared is classified into two types depending on the solvent used.
- One is an organic solvent type slurry using an organic solvent as a solvent
- the other is an aqueous type slurry using water as a solvent.
- the organic solvent type slurry and the aqueous type slurry are respectively classified into two types.
- Organic solvent type slurries are classified into dissolved solvent type slurries and non-aqueous dispersion type (NAD type) slurries
- NAD type non-aqueous dispersion type
- aqueous type slurries are classified into emulsion type slurries and water soluble type slurries.
- Solvent-type slurries include one or two types of organic solvents, such as aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ketone solvents such as acetone; and ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate. A mixture of the above can be used.
- the conductive slurry is prepared by mixing the organic solvent with the solder, conductive filler, polymerization catalyst and additives.
- a binder or the like is dispersed using a mineral terpene (aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvent) instead of the above-described solvent.
- a dissolving solvent a conductive slurry having low pollution can be realized.
- the emulsion type slurry is adjusted when a binder that does not dissolve in water is used.
- An auxiliary agent emulsifier
- a binder that is not soluble in water is emulsified and dispersed to realize a stable conductive slurry.
- methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, carbitol, etc. may be added as a co-solvent (not necessarily volatile).
- the water-soluble slurry is adjusted when a modified binder that dissolves in water is used.
- a conductive slurry is realized by dissolving a modified binder in water.
- ethylene glycol n- butynoleate, propylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol t-butyl ether and the like are added as a cosolvent.
- the type of the slurry to be adjusted may be selected depending on the type of the binder, the conductive filler, and the polymerization catalyst to be used.
- the resin layer 42 is made of rubber or synthetic resin
- a curable monomer, curable oligomer or curable prepolymer for realizing the resin may be used as the nodder.
- curing is performed by a combination of photocuring and thermal curing. Therefore, it is preferable to use a photocurable monomer, a photocurable oligomer, or a photocurable prepolymer.
- an acrylic monomer or oligomer, an epoxy monomer or oligomer, or the like can be used.
- epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate and isoboronal acrylate are preferred.
- a metal compound or a carbon-based material can be used as the conductive filler.
- the metal compound include shirotani strontium, strontium nitride, and cesium iridani.
- the carbon-based material there are a powdery material and a fibrous material.
- the powdery material include artificial graphite, natural graphite, and carbon black.
- Preferred examples of the fibrous material include carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, and carbon nanofiber.
- the photo-curing reaction includes an acrylic radical polymerization reaction and an epoxy cationic polymerization reaction.
- an acrylic radical polymerization reaction and an epoxy cationic polymerization reaction.
- a cationic polymerization initiator and a radical polymerization initiator are added to the conductive slurry.
- a viscosity reducing agent or the like can be used as another additive.
- the same substances as those used for the conductive composition to be the conductive green sheet described above can be used, and thus the details are omitted and only the solvent is exemplified. .
- organic solvent examples include toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, ethylene glycol monoethyl enoate, terpene, dioxane, cyclohexane, noremanolehexane, noremalheptane, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and mineral spirit. You.
- the above binder, conductive filler, polymerization initiator and solvent are dispersed and mixed using a high-speed impact mill, high-speed impeller or the like to obtain a conductive slurry.
- a medium and a polymerization initiator are mixed by preparing a medium viscosity liquid, and a solvent is added thereto to prepare a low viscosity liquid.
- a conductive filler is added to the low-viscosity liquid while sufficiently applying a shearing force using a high-speed mill or the like to obtain a conductive slurry.
- the prepared conductive slurry is applied to the surface of the thin metal plate 40 with a predetermined thickness.
- a specific coating method an existing method can be used, but it is preferable to use a diving method, a doctor blade method, or a curtain coating method.
- the thickness of the conductive slurry in the coating step is preferably about 200 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the dive method is a method in which a member to be coated is immersed in a coating solution. The coating is performed by immersing 40 in a conductive slurry.
- the thickness of the applied conductive slurry can be controlled by adjusting the composition and temperature of the conductive slurry, immersion time, pulling speed, and the like.
- a coating liquid is put into a tank, and while the member to be coated is moved, a so-called doctor blade is opened. In this manner, the coating can be performed at a thickness corresponding to the height of the doctor blade.
- the conductive slurry is put in a tank, and the surface-treated thin metal plate 40 is moved to perform application.
- the thickness of the applied conductive slurry can be controlled by adjusting the composition and temperature of the conductive slurry, the height of the doctor blade, the moving speed of the metal sheet 40, and the like.
- the curtain coating method is a method in which a coating liquid is dropped in a curtain shape and a member to be coated is passed through the coating solution.
- the conductive slurry is dropped in a curtain shape, and the surface-treated metal is dropped therein.
- the coating is performed by passing through a thin plate 40.
- the thickness of the applied conductive slurry can be controlled by adjusting the composition and temperature of the conductive slurry, the falling speed of the conductive slurry, the passing speed of the metal sheet 40, and the like.
- the solvent contained in the applied conductive slurry is removed to form a coating layer.
- the coating layer is a layer from which the solvent contained in the conductive slurry has been removed, that is, a layer having a non-volatile component such as a binder, a conductive filler, and a polymerization initiator.
- a drying method by spraying with hot air is preferable. Specifically, hot air at a predetermined temperature is sprayed on the surface of the applied conductive slurry, and the solvent is evaporated to dryness. Regardless of whether the organic solvent type slurry or the aqueous type slurry is used, the temperature of the hot air may be selected according to the contained solvent.
- a molding layer having a flow path provided in the coating layer is formed by a stamper.
- the molding layer is a layer in a state before being cured as a resin layer, in which a flow channel is formed, and is formed in substantially the same shape as the target resin layer 42.
- the stamper is pressed against the coating layer, and the concavo-convex pattern formed on the stamper is transferred.
- the stamper may be a flat plate or a gently curved stamper.
- the stamper is a mold for shaping the coating layer, it is sufficient that the stamper has mechanical strength equal to or less than that of a press mold such as a metal sheet.
- a press mold such as a metal sheet.
- SS steel rolled steel for general structures
- the adhesiveness of the surface of the coating layer increases when the non-adhesive force stamper is pressed, and the surface of the coating layer may be roughened during release. Therefore, it is desirable that the contact portion of the stamper with the coating layer is non-adhesive in order to improve the releasability.
- the non-adhesive film include processing for attaching Teflon (registered trademark) particles to minute cracks of chrome plating, processing for forming a DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) film, titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, carbonitriding, and the like.
- Examples include processing for forming a ceramic film such as titanium, titanium oxide, aluminum titanium titanium, and chromium nitride, processing for forming a hard film by plasma source ion implantation, and processing for hardening the surface by electric discharge. In particular, it is preferable to form a chromium nitride film on the stamper surface for the coating layer.
- the molded layer provided with the flow path is cured by a combination of the photo-curing process and the thermosetting process.
- the surface layer portion of the molding layer is cured by light curing treatment, and the entire molding layer is cured by heat curing treatment.
- the photocuring treatment alone does not allow the irradiated light to reach the depth within the printing ink layer and harden. Further, in the thermosetting treatment, the flow path formed by the stamper is deformed due to heat dripping. Therefore, it is effective to cure the surface layer of the molding layer by light irradiation in advance, and to cure the entire layer by heating.
- the wavelength is short. Although the energy is large, it is not suitable for hardening a thick film as in the present invention, which has a short reaching depth. Therefore, it is desirable to irradiate light having a wavelength from visible light to near infrared light.
- the radical polymerization reaction and the cation polymerization reaction be combined and cured in a short time by a simple operation.
- heating by a heating furnace and electromagnetic heating by electromagnetic wave irradiation are desirable.
- the thin metal sheet may be supplied in a roll shape or may be cut in advance to the outer dimensions of the separator. It may be supplied in piece form.
- a seal projection is formed in a region corresponding to the seal portion 14 by press working.
- the shape of the seal protrusion is determined so that the seal protrusion is pressed against the polymer film 20 by a spring force, and the seal protrusion having the shape determined by pressing is formed.
- the seal protrusion is formed by a single press, and the separator 1 is obtained by punching the separator to an outer dimension. The formation of the seal projection and the punching of the outer dimensions may be performed by two successive presses.
- the separator 1 obtained as described above is alternately stacked with the fuel cell 2 in the assembling process. Further, the current collector 3, the insulating sheet 4, the end flange 5, and the electrode wiring 12 are added. It is assembled as PEFC100 having the configuration shown in Fig.
- the resin layer 42 for providing the gas flow path in the separation section 13 is formed by applying a conductive slurry and drying, and then forming the flow path by stamper molding. Compared with processing, warpage and distortion with high dimensional accuracy do not occur. Therefore, the productivity of the separator 1 can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved. For example, in the case of press working, the pattern design is limited because the pattern is formed integrally on the front and back and the number of linear patterns increases, but according to stamper molding, completely different patterns are formed on each surface of the separator 1. Can be formed, and a curved and hole-shaped pattern can be formed. Further, the seal portion 14 is formed by press working, and high V ⁇ sealing performance can be realized by simple working.
- the contact resistance between the catalyst electrode 21 and the separator 1 can be significantly reduced, so that the power recovery rate can be further improved.
- FIG. 23 is a horizontal sectional view of a unit battery 101 including a separator 1 having another shape.
- the cross section of the seal projection may be trapezoidal in one separator 1 of the unit battery 101 so that the seal projection is in surface contact with the polymer film 20.
- the sealing projections may be trapezoidal so as to make surface contact with zero.
- a thin metal plate is used as the core material of the separator 1, but a highly conductive and high-strength resin such as a highly conductive carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP) may be used! .
- CFRP highly conductive carbon fiber reinforced resin
- a stamper made of an aluminum alloy and having a chromium nitride film formed on the surface to improve the releasability was shared by Examples 7-9.
- the coated substrate to which the conductive slurry was applied was also used in each example, and was manufactured by the following procedure.
- the passivation layer on the surface of the thin metal sheet made of SUS304 (length 10 cm, width 10 cm, thickness 0.2 mm) was removed by sandblasting, and immediately immersed in a triazinethiol solution to form an adhesive layer.
- a mixture of 100 parts by weight of an acryl-based addition-polymerized polyisobutylene and 400 parts of conductive carbon graphite was applied to a surface-treated metal sheet at a thickness of 50 m at a temperature of 130 ° C. After curing for a time, a coating layer was formed.
- the resin layer 42 was formed of an IPN structure resin of acrylic Z epoxy.
- Binder 70 parts by weight of atalylate oligomer (hexanediol diatalylate, manufactured by UCB Chemical Co., product name HDDA), 30 parts by weight of epoxy oligomer (epoxidized soybean oil, manufactured by CP HALL, product name Paraplex G-62)
- Conductive filler 300 parts by weight of spheroidal graphite (manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industries), 150 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500), 300 parts by weight of scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Works, product name: BF series)
- Polymerization catalyst hydroxyphenol-ketone (Ciba, product name Daro cure 1173) 1.5 parts by weight, triallylsulfo-dimethyl hexafluoride (Dow Chemical Co., product name Cyracure UVI-6990) 1.0 weight Department
- the content of the solvent is a mixture of a binder, a conductive filler and a polymerization catalyst. Is the content based on 100 parts by weight.
- Light irradiation was performed using a metal nitride lamp at an output of 600 mWZcm 2 .
- Example 8 the resin layer 42 was formed of vinyl ester (epoxy acrylate). • Conductive slurry composition
- Nonda 100 parts by weight of atalylate oligomer (bisphenol A diatalate, manufactured by Showa Polymer, product name: Lipoxy SP1507)
- Conductive filler 300 parts by weight of spheroidal graphite (manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industries), 150 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500), 300 parts by weight of scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Works, product name: BF series)
- Polymerization catalyst Dye 'borate 2 photon type ( ⁇ type) photopolymerization initiator ⁇ -diketone 3 parts by weight, tertiary amine 0.5 parts by weight
- the content of the solvent is the content when the mixture of the binder, the conductive filler, and the polymerization catalyst is 100 parts by weight.
- Light irradiation was performed using a xenon lamp at an output of 500 mWZcm 2 .
- the resin layer 42 was formed of an IPN structure resin of acrylic Z epoxy.
- Nonda 50 parts by weight of acrylate copolymer (bisphenol A diatalylate, manufactured by Showa Polymer, product name: Lipoxy SP1507), 50 parts by weight of epoxy oligomer (biscycloaliphatic diepoxy, product name of Ciba, product name: Araldite GY-179)
- Conductive filler 300 parts by weight of spheroidal graphite (manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industries), 150 parts by weight of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon, product name # 5500), 300 parts by weight of scaly graphite (manufactured by Chuetsu Graphite Works, product name: BF series)
- Polymerization catalyst bisacylphosphinoxide (Ciba, product name Irgacure819) l. Triple weight, triallylsulfo-pum hexafluoride (Dow Chemical Co., product name Cyracure UVI-6990) 1. 5 parts by weight
- the content of the solvent is the content when the mixture of the binder, the conductive filler, and the polymerization catalyst is 100 parts by weight.
- Metaruno output 800mWZcm 2 and the light irradiation Te use ⁇ the halide lamp.
- Table 3 shows the mechanical and electrical characteristics of each example.
- the contact resistance value is determined by spraying an ethyl alcohol dispersion liquid of conductive carbon black (manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd., product name # 5500) to obtain a dry film thickness. Spraying was performed to a thickness of 2-3 m, and then cured to form a highly conductive layer, which was measured.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic sectional view of the separator 1 obtained in Example 7.
- the width b of the concave portion serving as a fluid flow channel was 2.0 mm
- the thickness of the convex portion c 0.45 mm
- the thickness of the concave portion 0.
- the separator manufactured according to Examples 7-9 was homogeneous without any uncured portions, and also had good transferability of stamper force. Further, as shown in Table 3, mechanical and electrical properties sufficiently functioning as a separator were obtained.
- the present invention by using a flat metal plate as a core material, it is possible to provide a highly reliable separator having a small amount of warpage and deformation compared to a separator made of only rubber. . Since the metal plate as the core material is covered with the resin layer, surface changes such as corrosion due to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and cooling water can be prevented. Furthermore, since the contact resistance with the electrolyte assembly can be reduced and the resistance of the entire current path can be significantly reduced, the power recovery rate can be improved.
- the contact resistance between the separator and the electrolyte assembly can be reduced.
- the high conductive layer is formed at least in a region where the resin layer is in contact with the electrolyte assembly, the contact resistance between the separator and the electrolyte assembly can be reduced more effectively.
- the number of members of the fuel cell can be reduced without the need for a sealing member such as an O-ring and a gasket, which was conventionally required.
- the separation part and the seal part are formed as a body, the manufacturing process of the fuel cell can be shortened.
- the present invention by covering the surface of the metal plate with the coating layer, hydrogen gas and Surface changes such as corrosion due to oxygen gas and cooling water can be prevented.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by printing there is no warpage or distortion with high dimensional accuracy as compared with conventional press working. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved.
- the triazine thiols and polyarines diffused on the metal surface exhibit conductivity, so that conductivity with the resin layer is secured, and the generated DC power is taken out as a DC current. be able to.
- the present invention by covering the surface of the metal plate with a conductive rubber or synthetic resin, it is possible to prevent a surface change and to secure conductivity between the metal plate and the resin layer.
- the resin layer is printed using a conductive ink containing a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler for forming a metal compound or a carbon-based material. It can be realized by doing.
- a rubber or a synthetic resin to be formed as a resin layer by performing a thermosetting treatment, a photocuring treatment, or a yarn bonding between a thermosetting treatment and a photocuring treatment.
- a curing treatment can be performed.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by stamper molding, there is no warpage or distortion that has higher dimensional accuracy than the conventional press kaker. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved.
- the conductive green sheet comprises a binder having a curable monomer or a curable oligomer for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler composed of a metal compound or a carbon-based material. It can be realized by a conductive composition containing the same. Further, according to the present invention, the conductive green sheet can be formed into a sheet by extrusion molding of the conductive composition. In addition, the conductive green sheet may be directly laminated on the surface of the metal plate, or the conductive green sheet may be selected in accordance with the production conditions for laminating the conductive green sheet prepared in advance on the surface of the metal plate.
- the present invention by covering the surface of the metal plate with the coating layer, hydrogen gas and Surface changes such as corrosion due to oxygen gas and cooling water can be prevented.
- the resin layer provided with the flow path by stamper molding, warpage and distortion with higher dimensional accuracy than conventional press working do not occur. Therefore, the productivity of the separator can be improved, and a high yield can be realized. Further, the degree of freedom in designing the flow path pattern to be formed is greatly improved.
- the conductive slurry comprises a curable monomer, a curable oligomer or a curable prepolymer binder for forming a rubber or a synthetic resin, and a conductive filler composed of a metal compound or a carbon-based material.
- a solvent can be easily realized.
- the conductive slurry in the coating step, can be easily realized by a dipping method, a doctor blade method or a curtain coating method.
- desired characteristics of the coating layer can be easily realized.
- the contact resistance with the catalyst electrode can be reduced, and the power recovery rate can be improved.
- a thin film of carbon is formed by spraying a dispersion of carbon particles.
- the seal portion is formed by pressurizing, high sealing performance can be achieved with a simple calorie.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/582,269 US8252475B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-06 | Separator comprising a metal sheet and a resin |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-410392 | 2003-12-09 | ||
JP2003410392A JP2005174642A (ja) | 2003-12-09 | 2003-12-09 | セパレータ |
JP2004064009A JP2005251676A (ja) | 2004-03-08 | 2004-03-08 | セパレータの製造方法 |
JP2004-064009 | 2004-03-08 | ||
JP2004-134594 | 2004-04-28 | ||
JP2004134594A JP2005317388A (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | セパレータの製造方法 |
JP2004-191186 | 2004-06-29 | ||
JP2004191186A JP2006012712A (ja) | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | セパレータの製造方法 |
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WO2005057699A1 true WO2005057699A1 (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
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PCT/JP2004/018143 WO2005057699A1 (ja) | 2003-12-09 | 2004-12-06 | セパレータおよびセパレータの製造方法 |
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US (1) | US8252475B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005057699A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2007018825A (ja) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-25 | Nitta Ind Corp | セパレータの製造方法 |
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US7699916B1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-04-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Corrosion-resistant, electrically-conductive plate for use in a fuel cell stack |
FR2936106B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-10-01 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Micro-batterie au lithium comportant une couche d'encapsulation et procede de fabrication. |
US9269981B2 (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2016-02-23 | University Of The Witwatersrand | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
FR2951876B1 (fr) * | 2009-10-26 | 2012-02-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Micro-batterie au lithium munie d'une couche d'encapsulation conductrice electroniquement |
JP6222143B2 (ja) | 2014-03-18 | 2017-11-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池、燃料電池の製造方法 |
US8899318B1 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2014-12-02 | Ronald C. Parsons | Applying an aggregate to expandable tubular |
JP6639085B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2020-02-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 導電性インク |
JP6700597B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-22 | 2020-05-27 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
DE102016015318A1 (de) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Fertigen einer Separatorplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle, Separatorplatte und Zwischenprodukt für eine Separatorplatte |
JP6500046B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-04-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池用金属セパレータ及びその製造方法並びに発電セル |
US10525406B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 | 2020-01-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Polymer blended membranes for sour gas separation |
JP6642533B2 (ja) | 2017-08-04 | 2020-02-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池、及び燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法 |
JP6642534B2 (ja) | 2017-08-04 | 2020-02-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法 |
JP6642535B2 (ja) | 2017-08-04 | 2020-02-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用セパレータの製造方法 |
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