WO2005035333A1 - 電動パワーステアリング装置 - Google Patents
電動パワーステアリング装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005035333A1 WO2005035333A1 PCT/JP2004/014644 JP2004014644W WO2005035333A1 WO 2005035333 A1 WO2005035333 A1 WO 2005035333A1 JP 2004014644 W JP2004014644 W JP 2004014644W WO 2005035333 A1 WO2005035333 A1 WO 2005035333A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current
- value
- compensation
- phase
- electric motor
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/05—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0421—Electric motor acting on or near steering gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
- B62D5/0457—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear characterised by control features of the drive means as such
- B62D5/046—Controlling the motor
- B62D5/0472—Controlling the motor for damping vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/30—Sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric power steering device mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile and assisting a driver's steering operation using an electric motor.
- an electric power steering device mounted on an automobile is provided with an electric motor connected to a steering mechanism that leads to a steering member force steering wheel, and the motor power is applied to the steering mechanism to apply the motor power to the steering mechanism. It assists the driver in the steering operation with the steering member.
- the cogging torque (mechanical ripple) caused by the motor configuration such as the number of poles of the rotor magnet and the number of slots for the stator winding, and the induced electromotive force waveform are distorted from the ideal waveform.
- Ripple (pulsation) which is roughly divided into electric ripple generated by the electric current, occurs in the output torque.
- torque ripple at the motor output is one of the factors that reduce the steering feeling in the steering device, and it is therefore strongly desired that the steering device suppress the torque ripple.
- the conventional device includes changing the shape of the portion of the slot facing the rotor magnet and adjusting the skew angle. Some have tried to reduce torque ripple.
- an electric power steering apparatus for example, a three-phase brushless motor is used as the electric motor.
- torque ripple (electric ripple) appears in the output torque due to the higher-order component of the current generated by the rotation of the distorted magnetic field, and the steering filling decreases. was there.
- the present invention is capable of suppressing torque ripple caused by a higher-order component of current, and thereby suppressing a reduction in steering feeling.
- the purpose is to provide. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention for achieving the above object provides an electric power steering that determines a target current value of an electric motor in accordance with an operation of a steering member, applies the motor power to a steering mechanism, and assists steering.
- Torque ripple compensation determining means for determining a value, a correcting means for correcting the determined target current value using a compensation value from the torque ripple compensation determining means, and a correction value after the correction by the correcting means.
- Feedback control means for performing feedback control of the electric motor based on a target current value.
- the torque ripple compensation determination means uses the rotational position information of the electric motor and the target current value determined in accordance with the operation of the steering member.
- a current having the target current value is supplied to the motor, a torque ripple generated by a predetermined higher-order component of the current is expected, and a current higher-order component for canceling the expected torque ripple is expected.
- the feedback control means performs feedback control of the electric motor based on the target current value corrected by the correction means based on the compensation value of the torque ripple compensation determination means, so that the control means performs the correction of the corrected target current value.
- the current is supplied, the current is supplied to the motor in a state in which the predetermined high-order component of the current is removed, so that the torque ripple caused by the high-order component of the current can be suppressed.
- the torque ripple compensation determination means changes the compensation value for the current higher-order component according to the determined target current value.
- the torque ripple compensation determining means includes an electric motor in addition to a current higher-order distortion compensator that determines a compensation value for the current higher-order component.
- a magnetic field distortion compensating unit that determines a compensation value for magnetic field distortion for suppressing torque ripple caused by distortion of a magnetic field formed in the motor using the rotational position information of the motor and the determined target current value. May be provided.
- the target current value is corrected using the compensation value for the magnetic field distortion determined by the magnetic field distortion compensator in addition to the compensation value for the higher current component determined by the current higher-order distortion compensator.
- the feedback control means causes the current of the target current value to flow, it suppresses not only the torque ripple caused by the higher-order current component but also the torque ripple caused by the magnetic field distortion formed in the electric motor. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in steering filling due to the ripple.
- a current control system including the electric motor and the feedback control unit, and a rotation speed detection unit that detects a rotation speed of the electric motor based on the rotation position information.
- Gain compensating means for calculating a gain compensation value for compensating for a decrease in gain depending on frequency characteristics of the current control system based on the rotational speed of the electric motor from the rotational speed detecting means, It is preferable that the correction unit corrects the determined target current value using a compensation value from the torque ripple compensation determination unit and a gain compensation value from the gain compensation calculation unit.
- the feedback control means performs feedback control of the electric motor based on the target current value corrected using the compensation value of the torque ripple compensation determination means force and the gain compensation value of the gain compensation calculation means force.
- a phase compensation for compensating a phase delay depending on a frequency characteristic of the current control system based on the rotation speed of the electric motor from the rotation speed detection means.
- a phase compensation calculating means for determining the value;
- the correcting means uses the compensation value from the torque ripple compensation determining means, the gain compensation value of the gain compensation calculating means, and the phase compensation value from the phase compensation calculating means, The determined target current value may be corrected.
- the feedback control means is corrected using the compensation value of the torque ripple compensation determining means force, the gain compensation value of the gain compensation calculation means force, and the phase compensation value of the phase compensation calculation means force.
- the electric motor is feedback-controlled, and the current flowing through the motor has a phase lag with respect to the induced voltage in accordance with the increase in the motor rotation speed in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the current control system. This can be compensated for, and a decrease in steering feeling due to the phase delay can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a main part of an electric power steering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between three-phase AC coordinates and dq coordinates in the electric motor shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an ECU shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration example of a magnetic field distortion compensator shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration example of a current higher-order distortion compensator shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 6 is a Bode diagram showing a specific example of frequency characteristics of the current control system shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 7 is a waveform chart showing a specific example of measured data of no-load induced electromotive force (induced voltage) of the electric motor.
- FIG. 8 is a waveform chart showing a specific waveform of a magnetic field distortion compensation current component determined by the magnetic field distortion compensation unit.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a measurement example of a ratio of a higher-order component contained in an induced voltage in the electric motor to a first-order component.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a measurement example of a gain change with respect to a primary component of a higher-order current component for a target current value of the electric motor.
- FIG. 11 is a waveform chart showing specific output torque of the electric motor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a main part of an electric power steering device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the device is mounted on, for example, an automobile, and includes a steering shaft 2 that changes a direction of a steered wheel 8 in accordance with a steering operation of a driver applied to a steering member (steering wheel) 1. That is, the steering member 1 is connected to one end of the steering shaft 2, and the left and right steering wheels 8 are connected to the other end of the steering shaft 2 via a rack and pinion type transmission mechanism 6 and a tie rod 7. I have. Then, the rotational force of the steering shaft 2 is converted by the rack and pinion type transmission mechanism 6 into linear motion in the left-right direction, and the steered wheels 8 are steered.
- a torque sensor 3 and an electric motor 5 connected via a speed reduction mechanism 4 are provided in the middle of the steering shaft 2.
- the deceleration mechanism 4 and the electric motor 5 constitute a steering assist unit that applies a steering assist force by motor power to a steering mechanism from the steering member 1 to the steered wheels 8. That is, the torque sensor 3 detects a torque generated on the steering shaft 2 in accordance with a driver's steering operation on the steering member 1 or a road surface resistance reversely input from the steered wheels 8 and the like, and the torque detection value is obtained. Is output to the ECU 10 as a control device.
- the ECU 10 is supplied with electric power from the battery 11 in accordance with the on / off operation of the induction switch 12, and outputs a vehicle speed signal Vs from a vehicle speed sensor 9 for detecting a vehicle speed, and the motor 5.
- the ECU 10 performs driving control of the electric motor 5 based on these input signals so as to perform steering assist with a desired steering assist force. Become.
- the electric motor 5 includes, for example, a rotor having a permanent magnet, and U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils (stator windings). It consists of a star-connected brushless motor.
- each phase coil The target value of the phase current to be supplied to the coils, i.e., the current command values iu, i * v, and i * w for each phase coil, are expressed by the following (when the maximum value (amplitude) of the supplied current is I *) 1)
- I * the maximum value of the supplied current
- 0 re is the rotation angle (electric angle) of the permanent magnet (rotor) that rotates clockwise in the positive direction with respect to the U-phase coil, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the electrical angle is information indicating the rotational position of the rotor.
- ⁇ re (p / 2) X ⁇ m.
- the angle represents an electrical angle.
- the electric motor 5 is feedback-controlled by a feedback control unit described later included in the ECU 10, and d-q coordinates are used in the feedback control.
- the dq coordinates define the direction of the magnetic flux by the permanent magnet as the d-axis and the direction orthogonal to the d-axis as the q-axis. This is a rotating coordinate system that rotates synchronously.
- the ECU 10 first determines the current command values i * u, i * v for each phase coil shown in the above equations (1) and (3).
- the current actually flowing through the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils of the electric motor 5 is represented by V.
- U-phase current detection values iu and V When the phase current detection value is The d-axis current detection value id and the q-axis current detection value iq are converted into d-q coordinates by substituting the detected values iu and iv into the following equations (6) and (7). It is becoming required. Then, the ECU 10 uses the d-axis current command value i * d and the q-axis current command value i * q, the d-axis current detection value id, and the q-axis current detection value iq, as described later in detail. Feedback control is performed.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the ECU shown in FIG.
- the ECU 10 includes a phase compensator 13 for inputting a torque signal Ts from the torque sensor 3, a microcomputer (hereinafter abbreviated as “microcomputer”) 100, and a microcomputer 100.
- a motor drive unit configured by hardware for driving the electric motor 5 by a PWM signal in accordance with an instruction from the user.
- the motor drive unit includes a three-phase PWM modulator 31 connected to the microcomputer 100, and stator windings (U, V, and W-phase coils) of the three-phase PWM modulator 31 and the electric motor 5 to be driven. ) And a motor drive circuit 32 connected between them.
- the motor driving unit includes a motor driving circuit 32 and a V-phase current detector 33 and a U-phase current detector which respectively detect currents supplied to, for example, a V-phase coil and a U-phase coil among the three-phase coils.
- a rotor angle position detector 35 provided on the electric motor 5 side and detecting the electric angle based on a sensor output (signal Sr corresponding to rotor rotation) from a position detection sensor 51 constituted by a resolver or the like.
- the motor drive unit and a part of the microcomputer 100 constitute the feedback control unit 200 that performs feedback control of the electric motor 5.
- the position detection sensor 51 and the rotor angle position detector 35 constitute a rotation position information obtaining means for obtaining the rotation position information (electric angle) of the electric motor 5!
- the microcomputer 100 executes a program stored in advance in a nonvolatile memory (not shown) provided therein to execute predetermined arithmetic processing required for motor control.
- this microcomputer 100 As shown in FIG. 3, the target current value calculator 14, the rotation direction designator 15, the convergence corrector 16, the adder 17, the magnetic field distortion compensator 18, the current higher-order distortion compensator 19, the rotor angular velocity calculator 20, Adders 21, 22, Subtractors 23, 24, d-axis current PI controller 25, q-axis current PI controller 26, d-q Z 3-phase AC coordinate converter 27, sign inverting adder 28, 3-phase AC Zd- A coordinate conversion unit 29 and a sine wave ROM table 30 are included, and a desired steering assist force is determined based on an input signal such as a vehicle speed signal Vs from the vehicle speed sensor 9, and the determined steering assist force is determined. And a motor control unit for providing an output (instruction) signal corresponding to the above to the motor drive unit.
- a torque ripple compensation determining unit 101 having the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensating unit 19 is provided, and the calculation result of the compensation determining unit 101 is sent to the motor driving unit.
- the torque ripple caused by the distortion of the magnetic field formed in the electric motor 5 and the torque ripple caused by the higher-order component of the current flowing through the motor 5 are reflected as described below. Can be reduced.
- the rotor angular velocity calculation unit 20 constitutes a rotation speed detection unit that detects the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 based on the rotation position information from the rotation position information acquisition unit described above.
- the phase compensator 13 performs phase compensation on the torque detection signal Ts and outputs the target current of the microcomputer 100. Output to the value calculator 14.
- the ECU 10 receives a vehicle speed signal Vs output from the vehicle speed sensor 9 at a predetermined sampling cycle, and the input vehicle speed signal Vs is input to the target current value calculation unit 14 and the convergence The correction unit 16 is provided. Further, in the ECU 10, when the sensor signal Sr is input from the position detection sensor 51 to the rotor angular position detector 35, the rotor angular position detector 35 transmits the permanent magnet of the electric motor 5 based on the input sensor signal Sr.
- the rotational position of the (rotor), that is, the electrical angle ⁇ re is detected. Then, the rotor angular position detector 35 outputs the angle signal indicating the detected electrical angle ⁇ re to the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18, the current higher-order distortion compensating unit 19, the rotor angular velocity calculating unit 20, and the sine wave ROM table of the microcomputer 100. Output to 30.
- the target current value calculation unit 14 obtains a target current value It, which is a value of a supply current to be supplied to the electric motor 5, based on the torque detection signal Ts after phase compensation and the vehicle speed signal Vs.
- the calculation unit 14 includes a torque at the steering shaft 2 called an assist map, A table indicating the relationship between the target current value It and the vehicle speed for generating a desired steering assist force in accordance with the torque is stored in advance.
- the computing unit 14 obtains the target current value It by referring to the table using the values of the torque detection signal Ts and the vehicle speed signal Vs as input parameters, and sends the target current value It to the rotation direction designation unit 15 and the adder 17. Output.
- the target current value It corresponds to the q-axis current command value i * q shown in the above equation (5), and has a sign indicating the assist direction by the motor power.
- the sign of the target current value It designates the rotation direction of the motor rotor.
- the electric motor 5 is controlled to assist the rightward steering and the leftward steering with the steering member 1 respectively.
- the rotation direction designation unit 15 determines the rotor rotation direction based on the sign of the target current value It input from the target current value calculation unit 14, generates a direction signal Sdir for designating the rotation direction, and generates the convergence correction unit. Output to 16.
- the convergence correcting section 16 includes the vehicle speed signal Vs, the direction signal Sdir, and the rotor angular velocity core calculated by the rotor angular velocity calculating section 20 based on the electrical angle 0 re input from the rotor angular velocity position detector 35.
- the correction unit 16 calculates a compensation current value ic for securing vehicle convergence by performing a predetermined operation using these input signals. Then, the compensation current value ic is added to the target current value It by the adder 17, and the adder 17 outputs the addition result as a q-axis basic current command value i * q0.
- the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 is a basic command value (target current) of a supply current corresponding to a motor load for generating a desired steering assist force (that is, a torque to be generated by the electric motor 5).
- Value which is simultaneously supplied to the magnetic field distortion compensating section 18 and the current high-order distortion compensating section 19 of the torque ripple compensation determining section 101, and is also output to the adder 22 so that the magnetic field distortion compensating section 18 and the current high-order distortion The value is added so that the result of the operation in the compensator 19 is reflected.
- the d-axis basic current command value i * dO which is the basic command value of the d-axis current
- i * dO 0 Is input to the adder 21 as
- the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 calculates the electric angle ⁇ re as the rotational position information of the electric motor 5 from the rotor angular position detector 35 and the q-axis basic current command value i * q 0 from the adder 17.
- the compensation value for the magnetic field distortion for suppressing the torque ripple caused by the distortion of the magnetic field formed in the motor 5 is determined.
- the magnetic field distortion compensator 18 when the current commanded by the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 is supplied to each phase coil of the electric motor 5, the magnetic field distortion compensator 18 generates an induced electromotive force waveform induced in each phase coil.
- the q-axis basic current command value i is set so that the expected torque ripple is suppressed.
- Current compensation values for changing q0 are calculated for each d-axis current and q-axis current, and determined as d-axis current compensation value Aidl and q-axis current compensation value Aiql (details will be described later). Then, the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 outputs the d-axis current compensation value Aidl and the q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iql for the magnetic field distortion determined in the corresponding adders 21 and 22.
- the d-axis current compensation value Aidl and the q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iql output from the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 are, as described later in detail, a frequency of a current control system including the electric motor 5 described later.
- the gain is reduced and the phase lag dependent on the numerical characteristic is corrected so as not to occur as much as possible.
- the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 uses the electric angle ⁇ re and the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 to cause a predetermined higher-order component of the current flowing through the motor 5.
- the compensation value for the current higher-order component to cancel the torque ripple is determined.
- the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 determines the current flowing through each phase coil when the current commanded by the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 is supplied to each phase coil of the electric motor 5.
- the current compensation value for changing the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 in such a way that the expected torque ripple is canceled out It is calculated for each axis current and determined as the d-axis current compensation value ⁇ id2 and the q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iq2 (details will be described later). Then, the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 outputs the d-axis current compensation value ⁇ id2 and the q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iq2 for the current higher-order component determined by the corresponding adders 21 and 22.
- the d-axis current compensation value Aid2 and the q-axis current compensation value Aiq2 output from the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 are, as described later in detail, a circuit of the above-described current control system including the electric motor 5.
- the gain is reduced and the phase lag, which depends on the wave number characteristics, is corrected as little as possible.
- the adders 21 and 22 provide a target current value determined according to the operation of the steering member 1 based on the compensation value from the torque ripple compensation determination unit 101 for each of the corresponding d-axis current and q-axis current.
- the d-axis basic current command value i * d 0 set in the adder 21 and the magnetic field
- the torque ripple compensation determining unit 101 The d-axis current command value i * d after the calculation result is calculated.
- the adder 21 outputs the calculated d-axis current command value i * d to the subtractor 23 of the feedback control unit 200.
- the adder 22 calculates the q-axis basic current command value i * qO from the adder 17 and the q-axis current for magnetic field distortion from the magnetic field distortion compensator 18 as shown in the following equation (9).
- the adder 22 outputs the calculated q-axis current command value i * q to the subtractor 24 of the feedback control unit 200.
- the subtractor 23 converts the d-axis current of the current actually supplied to the electric motor 5 into a d-axis current.
- the detection value id is input from the three-phase alternating current Zd-q coordinate converter 29.
- the subtractor 24 converts the q-axis current of the current actually supplied to the electric motor 5 into the q-axis current.
- the detected current value iq is input from the three-phase AC Zd-q coordinate converter 29.
- the three-phase AC Zd-q coordinate conversion unit 29 includes a V-phase current detection value iv and a U-phase current detection value detected by the V-phase current detector 33 and the U-phase current detector 34, respectively. iu has been entered. Further, the sin value of the electrical angle 0 re when the detection current is flowing is input from the sine wave ROM table 30 to the conversion unit 29. This The sine wave ROM table 30 stores the angle 0 and the sin value of the angle ⁇ in association with each other, and when the electrical angle 0 re is input from the rotor angle position detector 35, the sin value is stored in the above d. — QZ three-phase AC coordinate conversion unit 27 and three-phase AC Zd—Output immediately to q coordinate conversion unit 29!
- the three-phase alternating current Zd-q coordinate converter 29 uses the input U-phase current detection value iu, V-phase current detection value iv, and sin value, and the above-described equations (6) and (7).
- these subtractors 23 and 24 output the obtained d-axis current deviation ed and q-axis current deviation eq to the d-axis current PI control unit 25 and the q-axis current PI control unit 26, respectively.
- the d-axis current PI control unit 25 and the q-axis current PI control unit 26 calculate the d-axis current deviation ed and the q-axis current deviation eq from the corresponding subtracters 23 and 24 according to the following equations (10) and (11). By substituting these values, the d-axis voltage command value v * d and the q-axis voltage command value v * q are calculated, and the calculated values are output to the d-qZ three-phase AC coordinate converter 27.
- Kp and Ti are proportional gain and integration time, respectively, and are values preset in the d-axis current PI control unit 25 and the q-axis current PI control unit 26 according to motor characteristics and the like.
- the d—q Z three-phase AC coordinate converter 27 includes a d-axis voltage command value v * d from the d-axis current PI controller 25 and a q-axis voltage command value v from the q-axis current PI controller 26. * q and sin value from sine wave ROM table 30 are input.
- the conversion unit 27 uses the following equations (12) and (13) to calculate the applied d-axis voltage command value v * d and the q-axis voltage command The value v * q is converted to the U-phase voltage command value v * u And a V-phase voltage command value v * v, and outputs the result to the three-phase PWM modulator 31.
- the output value of the conversion unit 27 is input to a sign inversion adder 28.
- the sign inversion adder 28 uses the above-described U-phase voltage command value by using the following equation (14).
- the W-phase voltage command value v * w is obtained from v * u and the V-phase voltage command value v * v, and output to the three-phase PWM modulator 31.
- v * u ⁇ (2/3) ⁇ v * d X cos 0 re-v * q X sin 0 re ⁇ one (12)
- the three-phase PWM modulation unit 31 performs PWM control with duty ratios corresponding to the U-phase voltage command value v * u, the V-phase voltage command value v * v, and the W-phase voltage command value v * w, respectively.
- the signals Su, Sv, and Sw are generated and output to the motor drive circuit 32.
- the motor drive circuit 32 includes a PWM voltage type inverter having a bridge circuit using power switching elements such as MOSFETs, and turns on each switching element in accordance with the PWM signals Su, Sv, and Sw.
- the voltage of the battery 11 (FIG. 1) is applied to the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase coils (FIG. 2) of the electric motor 5.
- a current flows through each phase coil, and the motor 5 generates a torque Tm corresponding to the current and applies the torque Tm to the steering mechanism as a steering assist force.
- the feedback control unit 200 sets the d-axis current detection value id and the q-axis current detection value iq to the d-axis current command value i * d and the q-axis current command, respectively.
- the feedback control unit 200 sets the d-axis current detection value id and the q-axis current detection value iq to the d-axis current command value i * d and the q-axis current command, respectively.
- the feedback control section 200, the electric motor 5 to be controlled by the feedback control section 200, and the position detection sensor 51 constitute the current control system having a feedback loop.
- This current control system has frequency characteristics defined by the impedance of a coil installed in the motor 5 and the like.
- the torque ripple compensation determining unit 101 uses the solid line and the dotted line in FIG. 6 in each of the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensating unit 19.
- the data shown is tabulated and held as a frequency characteristic map described later, and the output compensation value of each unit is corrected so that a gain decrease and a phase delay depending on the frequency characteristic do not occur as much as possible. Te ru.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration example of the magnetic field distortion compensator shown in FIG.
- the magnetic field distortion compensating section 18 includes a frequency calculating section 36, a gain / phase determining section 37, a subtractor 38, a magnetic field distortion compensation value determining section 39, an amplitude determining section 40, a correction rate calculating section 41,
- functional blocks of the multipliers 42 and 43 are set, and the microcomputer 100 executes a program so that each of the blocks performs predetermined arithmetic processing.
- the frequency calculating section 36, the gain / phase determining section 37, and the correction rate calculating section 41 perform the gain reduction depending on the frequency characteristic of the current control system based on the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 (FIG. 3). Constitutes a gain compensation calculating means for obtaining a gain compensation value for compensating for. Further, the frequency calculation unit 36 and the gain 'phase determination unit 37 provide a compensation value for compensating a phase delay depending on the frequency characteristic of the current control system based on V based on the rotation speed of the motor 5. Is also used as the phase compensation calculating means.
- the frequency calculation unit 36 receives the rotor angular speed ⁇ re, which is the electrical angular rotation speed of the electric motor 5, from the rotor angular speed calculation unit 20. Then, the frequency calculation unit 36 calculates the frequency f of the torque ripple caused by the magnetic field distortion appearing in the motor output by substituting the input rotor angular velocity core into the following equation (15). This frequency f is the fundamental frequency of torque ripple caused by the current higher-order component distortion.
- S is the order of the torque ripple (the number of torque ripples generated per electric angle cycle).
- the gain / phase determination unit 37 includes a frequency characteristic map 37a corresponding to the frequency characteristic of the current control system shown in the Bode diagram (Fig. 6) (ie, a solid line and a dotted line shown in Fig. 6). (Data indicating the relationship between the frequency and the gain and phase).
- the gain 'phase determiner 37 refers to the frequency characteristic map 37a, and determines the gain G and the phase difference of the current control system according to the input frequency f.
- the ⁇ ⁇ e is obtained and output to the correction rate calculation unit 41 and the subtractor 38, respectively.
- the gain decreases from 1 and the phase lag increases. Become.
- the magnetic field distortion compensation value determination unit 39 includes a magnetic field distortion compensation map 39a in which the relationship between the electric angle and the value of the magnetic field distortion compensation current component for each of the d-axis current and the q-axis current is tabulated.
- the compensation value determination unit 39 refers to the magnetic field distortion compensation map 39a, and the compensation value determination unit 39 determines the d-axis current unit compensation values AidlO and q for the magnetic field distortion corresponding to the input corrected electrical angle ⁇ mre. Determine the shaft current unit compensation value ⁇ iqlO.
- the magnetic field formed in the motor 5 is distorted, that is, when the no-load induced electromotive force waveform is distorted in its ideal waveform, a sine wave is generated in each phase coil.
- the motor output causes magnetic field distortion. Resulting torque ripple.
- the output torque of the motor 5 is set to a constant value (for example, 1 [Nm]), which is caused by the magnetic field distortion.
- the currents iOu, iOv, and iOw of each phase coil calculated by the equations (16)-(18) are calculated by using the following equations (19) and (20) with the electric angle 0 as a variable.
- the magnetic field distortion compensation map 39a can be created as follows.
- the current value iOql is obtained from the above equations (16)-(20).
- the d-axis current value i (W2 and q-axis current value i0q2 necessary for the motor 5 to output the above unit torque is obtained (in this case, Since the output torque is proportional to the q-axis current and the d-axis current may be set to “0”, the d-axis current value W2 and the q-axis current value i0q2 can be easily obtained by performing a predetermined calculation on each of the above measured data.
- the electric angle and the magnetic field distortion compensating current component which is a current component capable of suppressing the magnetic field distortion after being converted into the d-axis current and the q-axis current corresponding to the electric angle
- a current waveform can be obtained that indicates the values of the above, and a table in which these data are associated can be created as the magnetic field distortion compensation map 39a.
- the magnetic field distortion compensation value determination section 39 refers to the magnetic field distortion compensation map 39a created as described above, and obtains the d-axis current corresponding to the corrected electrical angle ⁇ mre input from the subtractor 38.
- the unit compensation value ⁇ idlO and the q-axis current unit compensation value ⁇ iqlO are determined and output to the amplitude determination unit 40.
- the amplitude determining unit 40 includes a desired operation from the adder 17 (FIG. 3) in addition to the d-axis current unit compensation value ⁇ idlO and the q-axis current unit compensation value ⁇ iqlO from the magnetic field distortion compensation value determining unit 39.
- the q-axis basic current command value i * qO corresponding to the steering assist force is input.
- the amplitude determination unit 40 determines a multiplication value for the d-axis current unit compensation value ⁇ idlO and the q-axis current unit compensation value ⁇ iqlO per unit torque based on the input q-axis basic current command value i * qO, By performing the multiplication process, the d-axis current compensation value A idll and the q-axis current compensation value A iqll corresponding to the desired steering assist force are obtained.
- the amplitude determination unit 40 outputs the obtained d-axis current compensation value ⁇ dl 1 and q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iql 1 to multipliers 42 and 43, respectively.
- the correction rate calculator 41 receives the current control system gain G determined by the gain / phase determiner 37.
- the correction rate calculator 41 calculates the reciprocal 1 ZG of the gain G. Is calculated, and the correction rate Rm as the above-mentioned gain compensation value is obtained. Then, the correction rate calculation unit 41 outputs the correction rate Rm to the multipliers 42 and 43.
- the multiplier 42 multiplies the d-axis current compensation value ⁇ idl 1 from the amplitude determiner 40 by the correction rate Rm from the correction rate calculator 41 to obtain the d-axis current compensation value A idl for the magnetic field distortion compensation. And outputs it to the adder 21 (Fig. 3).
- the multiplier 43 multiplies the q-axis current compensation value A iqll from the amplitude determination unit 40 by the correction rate Rm from the correction rate calculation unit 41, and The q-axis current compensation value Aiql for magnetic field distortion compensation is obtained and output to the adder 22 (FIG. 3).
- the multipliers 42 and 43 use the correction rate Rm to correct the d-axis current compensation value A idll and the q-axis current compensation value A iqll, thereby depending on the frequency characteristics of the current control system. Gain reduction can be compensated.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration example of the current higher-order distortion compensator shown in FIG.
- the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 includes a frequency calculator 36, a gain 'phase determiner 37, a subtractor 38, a correction factor calculator 41, a current higher-order distortion compensation value determiner 44, and a multiplier.
- the functional blocks of the calculators 45 and 46 are set, and the microcomputer 100 executes a program so that each of the blocks performs predetermined arithmetic processing.
- the frequency calculator 36, the gain 'phase determiner 37, the subtracter 38, and the correction rate calculator 41 are configured to perform the same arithmetic processing as that of the magnetic field distortion compensator 18.
- the phase compensation value ⁇ ⁇ e and the gain compensation value Rm for compensating for the phase delay and the gain drop depending on the frequency characteristics of the current control system are calculated.
- the current higher-order distortion compensation value determiner 44 determines the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 and, as a predetermined higher-order component, for example, one of each of the fifth, seventh, eleventh, and thirteenth components.
- the current higher-order distortion map 44a in which the relation between the gain and the higher-order component is tabulated, and the relation between the predetermined higher-order component and a correction value for compensating for the phase shift of the higher-order component with respect to the first-order component. are stored in a phase correction map 44b. Then, the current higher-order distortion compensation value determination unit 44 determines whether the corrected electrical angle ⁇ mre and the adder 17 (FIG.
- the motor drive circuit 32 applies a sine-wave AC to each phase coil by chopper of DC power of the battery (FIG. 1),
- the sine wave (fundamental wave) current is applied to the current flowing through each phase coil due to factors such as driving these switching elements by providing a small dead time to prevent a short circuit in each switching element that constitutes the ridge circuit.
- Harmonic current components such as the fifth, seventh, eleventh, and thirteenth harmonics are superimposed on the component. That is, in the motor 5, due to the above-mentioned factors, the induced voltage includes, for example, the above-described predetermined higher-order component as shown in FIG. 9, and the current flowing through each phase coil is distorted by the rotation of the magnetic field.
- the same high-order component current is added and the waveform becomes distorted with respect to the fundamental waveform (ideal waveform). Therefore, the measured data of the current flowing through each phase coil is acquired in advance, the measured values of the higher-order components superimposed on the acquired current value are grasped, and the above-described values are determined based on the measured values of the higher-order components. What is necessary is just to determine the compensation value for each higher-order component after the conversion into dq coordinates so that the current of each higher-order component is canceled by the addition processing in the adders 21 and 22.
- the basic d-axis current compensation value Aid21 and the basic q-axis current compensation value Aiq21 are the compensation values for canceling the current of the fifth component as shown by the following equations (21) and (22), respectively.
- ⁇ 21 ⁇ 2-5 + ⁇ 2-7 + ⁇ 2-11 + ⁇ 2-13 —— (21)
- Aiq21 Aiq2- 5+ Aiq2- 7+ Aiq2- 11+ Aiq2- 13 —— (22)
- the superimposition ratio of the predetermined current higher-order component varies according to a motor load (output torque) that is a desired steering assist force, that is, the q-axis basic current command value i * q0.
- the current phase of the higher-order component also deviates from the current phase of the first-order component according to the q-axis basic current command value i * q0.
- the compensation values Aid2-5, Aiq2 -5 and the compensation values Aid2-7 and Aiq2-7 for the seventh current are expressed by the following equations (23)-(26), respectively.
- Aid2-5 i5 (i * q0) Xsin [6 ⁇ + ⁇ 5 (i * q0) ⁇ ]-(23)
- Aid2-7 i7 (i * q0) Xsin [6 ⁇ 0re + ⁇ 7 (i * q0) ⁇ ] — (25)
- Aiq2-7 -i7 (i qO) Xcos [6 ⁇ 0re + ⁇ 7 (i q0) ⁇ ]-(26)
- the eleventh and thirteenth higher current components are Appearing as the twelfth torque higher-order component
- the compensation values Aid2-ll and ⁇ iq2-ll for the eleventh current and the compensation values Aid2-13 and Aiq2-13 for the thirteenth current are (27)-(30).
- Aid2-ll ill (i * q0) Xsin [12 ⁇ ⁇ + ⁇ 11 (i * q0) ⁇ ] — (27)
- Aid2-13 il3 (i * q0) Xsin [12 ⁇ 0re + ⁇ 13 (i * q0) ⁇ ] — (29)
- Aiq2-13 — il3 (i * q0) Xcos [12 ⁇ 0re + ⁇ 13 (i * q0) ⁇ ] — (30)
- each compensation value for the fifth, seventh, eleventh, and thirteenth currents can be calculated for each d-axis current and q-axis current.
- the current higher-order distortion compensation map 44a and the phase correction map 44b can be created as follows.
- phase correction value for eliminating the phase shift for example, 05 (i * qO) in the above equations (23) and (24) is determined as a correction value for the fifth current component. be able to.
- a table associating the determined correction value with the value of the q-axis basic current command value i * qO is created as the phase correction map 44b. You can do it.
- the current higher-order distortion compensation value determiner 44 receives the corrected electrical angle ⁇ mre corrected by the phase compensation value ⁇ ⁇ e from the gain 'phase determiner 37 from the subtractor 38 and adds
- the input is performed by referring to the current higher-order distortion compensation map 44a and the phase correction map 44b created as described above.
- Correction electric angle ⁇ Determine the basic d-axis current compensation value Aid21 and the basic q-axis current compensation value Aiq21 corresponding to mre and the basic q-axis current command value i * q0.
- the current higher-order distortion compensation value determination unit 44 outputs the d-axis current basic compensation value ⁇ id21 and the q-axis current basic compensation value ⁇ iq21 to multipliers 45 and 46, respectively, and these multipliers 45 and 46 Are multiplied by the gain compensation value Rm from the correction rate calculation unit 41, and output to the corresponding adders 21 and 22 as the d-axis current compensation value ⁇ id2 and the q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iq2 for current higher-order distortion. Is done.
- the current higher-order distortion compensator (torque ripple compensation determining means) 19 includes the corrected electric angle ⁇ mre (rotational position information) and the q-axis basic current command value i *
- ⁇ mre rotational position information
- qO target current value
- the current flowing through the motor 5 Current to change the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 so that the expected torque ripple is canceled in anticipation of the torque ripple generated by the fifth, seventh, eleventh, and thirteenth components of
- the d-axis current compensation value ⁇ id2 and the q-axis current compensation value ⁇ iq2 for higher-order distortion are determined.
- the magnetic field distortion compensating unit (torque ripple compensation determining means) 18 issues a command with the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 using the corrected electric angle ⁇ mre and the q-axis basic current command value i * q0.
- the generated current is supplied to each phase coil of the electric motor 5
- the expected torque ripple that appears in the motor output torque due to the distortion of the magnetic field in the motor 5 is suppressed, and the expected torque ripple is suppressed.
- the d-axis current compensation value Aidl and the q-axis current compensation value Aiql for the magnetic field distortion for changing the q-axis basic current command value i * q0 are determined.
- the adders 21 and 22 determine the determined d-axis current compensation value A i dl and the determined d-axis current compensation values ⁇ id2 and q as shown in the above-described equations (8) and (9).
- the axis current compensation value ⁇ iql and the q axis current compensation value ⁇ iq2 the corresponding d-axis current and q-axis current command values are changed, and the feedback control unit (feedback control means) 200 is changed.
- the feedback control unit (feedback control means) 200 is changed.
- the electric motor 5 based on the Yes.
- the torque ripple caused by the higher-order current component and the torque ripple caused by the magnetic field distortion can be suppressed. Drop can be prevented.
- the gain compensating section comprising the frequency calculating section 36, the gain 'phase determining section 37, and the correction rate calculating section 41 Arithmetic means is provided, and the output values of the magnetic field distortion compensator 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 are corrected by the gain compensation value (correction rate Rm) calculated by the arithmetic means.
- each of the magnetic field distortion compensating section 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensating section 19 is provided with a phase compensation calculating means including a frequency calculating section 36 and a gain / phase determining section 37.
- the detected electrical angle ⁇ re is corrected by the phase compensation value (phase difference ⁇ ⁇ e) calculated by the means, and the phase lag depending on the frequency characteristics of the current control system is compensated.
- phase compensation value phase difference ⁇ ⁇ e
- the feedback control unit 200 does not use the output values of the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensating unit 19 without using the d-axis basic current shown in the first term of each of the above equations (8) and (9).
- the electric motor 5 is driven using the command value i * d0 and the q-axis basic current command value i * q0, a large torque ripple appears in the motor output torque as shown by the dashed line in FIG. Fluctuated significantly.
- the feedback control unit 200 uses the output value of the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18, that is, the target current value specified by the sum of the first and second terms in the above equations (8) and (9)
- the electric motor 5 is driven by using the The ripple detected is removed, and the waveform of the detected torque is shown by the dotted line in the figure.o
- the feedback control unit 200 uses the respective output values of the magnetic field distortion compensating unit 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensating unit 19, that is, each of the first to first expressions in the above equations (8) and (9)
- the fifth, seventh, eleventh, and thirteenth current components are added to the ripple component caused by the magnetic field distortion.
- the resulting ripple is also removed.
- the 6th-order ripple obtained by the above equations (23)-(26) and the 12th-order ripple obtained by the above equations (27)-(30) are excluded from the motor output torque.
- the detected waveform of the torque became stable with very little fluctuation as shown by the solid line in FIG.
- the force applied to the column-assisted electric power steering device in which the electric motor 5 is connected to the steering shaft 2 via the speed reduction mechanism 4 is shown. It is only necessary to provide torque ripple compensation determination means for determining the compensation value for the current higher-order component to cancel the torque ripple caused by the higher-order component.
- the electric motor 5 is connected to the rack shaft of the rack-pioneer type transmission mechanism 6, and the present invention is also applied to a device of another assist type such as a rack assist type for assisting the movement of the rack shaft. Can be.
- a configuration has been described in which a compensation value for canceling the torque ripple caused by the fifth, seventh, eleventh, and thirteenth components is determined as the predetermined higher-order current component.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a configuration that determines a compensation value for compensation (cancellation) may also be used.
- the gain compensation calculation means and the phase compensation calculation in which some functional blocks are shared in the magnetic field distortion compensator 18 and the current higher-order distortion compensator 19 of the torque ripple compensation determination unit 101
- the above calculation means is not provided in each of the compensation units 18 and 19 of the torque ripple compensation determination unit 101, but is disposed between the compensation determination unit 101 and the feedback control unit 200.
- the compensation values for the magnetic field distortion and the current higher-order distortion are determined, respectively.
- a configuration may be employed in which the determined value is corrected by the gain compensation value obtained by the gain compensation operation means and the phase compensation value obtained by the phase compensation operation means and input to the feedback control unit 200 as a command value!
- the force described for the configuration in which the current higher-order distortion compensation map 44a is stored in the current higher-order distortion compensation value determination unit 44 is represented by the above-described equation (21)-(30). May be stored in the microcomputer 100, and the determining unit 44 may calculate the compensation value by using these formulas to determine the compensation value.
- the electric motor of the present invention is not limited to this, and the brushless motor or brush having a number of phases other than three phases is used.
- the present invention can be applied to an apparatus using another type of motor such as a DC motor with a motor.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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EP04792055.8A EP1683705B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-05 | Electric power steering device |
US10/574,809 US7474067B2 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-05 | Electric power steering system |
JP2005514569A JP4736805B2 (ja) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-05 | 電動パワーステアリング装置 |
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JP2003348566 | 2003-10-07 | ||
JP2003-348566 | 2003-10-07 |
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US (1) | US7474067B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1683705B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4736805B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060120015A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005035333A1 (ja) |
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JP2007118794A (ja) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Nsk Ltd | 電動パワーステアリング装置及びその制御装置 |
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JP2007216698A (ja) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-30 | Nsk Ltd | 電動パワーステアリング装置及びその制御装置 |
JP2007236015A (ja) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-13 | Toshiba Corp | モータ制御装置 |
US8362727B2 (en) | 2006-08-23 | 2013-01-29 | Renesas Electronics Corporation | Control device for synchronous motor |
JP2008054386A (ja) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-03-06 | Renesas Technology Corp | 同期電動機の制御装置 |
JP2008211908A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Jtekt Corp | モータ制御装置及び電動パワーステアリング装置 |
JP2008273391A (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電動パワーステアリング制御装置 |
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JP2014166082A (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-08 | Hitachi Appliances Inc | モータ制御装置、およびそれを用いた空気調和機 |
JP2017143631A (ja) * | 2016-02-09 | 2017-08-17 | 日本精工株式会社 | モータ制御装置及びそれを搭載した電動パワーステアリング装置 |
WO2019230818A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-05 | 日本電産株式会社 | モータ制御装置、モータ制御方法およびモータシステム |
WO2023181521A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-09-28 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | 制御装置、車両挙動制御装置および力発生機構システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7474067B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 |
KR20060120015A (ko) | 2006-11-24 |
EP1683705B1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
EP1683705A4 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
EP1683705A1 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
JPWO2005035333A1 (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
JP4736805B2 (ja) | 2011-07-27 |
US20070052381A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
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