WO2003057514A1 - Pneumatique - Google Patents

Pneumatique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003057514A1
WO2003057514A1 PCT/EP2003/001068 EP0301068W WO03057514A1 WO 2003057514 A1 WO2003057514 A1 WO 2003057514A1 EP 0301068 W EP0301068 W EP 0301068W WO 03057514 A1 WO03057514 A1 WO 03057514A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tyre
tyres
rim diameter
height
kart
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2003/001068
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joost Boxoen
Original Assignee
Joost Boxoen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joost Boxoen filed Critical Joost Boxoen
Priority to AU2003210207A priority Critical patent/AU2003210207A1/en
Publication of WO2003057514A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003057514A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/041—Understructures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B21/00—Rims
    • B60B21/02—Rims characterised by transverse section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C3/00—Tyres characterised by the transverse section
    • B60C3/04—Tyres characterised by the transverse section characterised by the relative dimensions of the section, e.g. low profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/18—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17
    • B62D21/183—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17 specially adapted for sports vehicles, e.g. race, dune buggies, go-karts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/10—Thermosetting resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B29K2105/128—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles in the form of a mat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/20—Inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0079—Torsion strength; Torsion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0082—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3055—Cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tyre, more specifically a tyre for a kart.
  • Karts manufactured out of different materials are known. For instance, there are karts which have a metal framework as the base structure. Because of the fact that with karting, the chassis is involved in many collisions, causing unwanted deformations, the metal framework is made out of thick tubes. In this way, a very stiff construction is obtained which causes poor driving properties because of the lower flexibility. To solve this problem, a tyre is needed which has a high grip performance.
  • karts are karts which are made out of a composite structure with a great flex, for instance manufactured by means of a resin transfer moulding ( RTM ) process. These type of karts have more flexibility, and accordingly, a less flexible tyre is needed.
  • tyres for karts which have a rim diameter of 5" or 6". How larger the rim diameter, how smaller the side of the tyre is (for tyres with the same tyre height). Accordingly, tyres with a rim diameter of 5" are called high profile tyres and have a large side, while tyres with a rim diameter of 6" are called low profile tyres and have a small side.
  • 5" tyres are most frequently used for karts. Because of the fact that these high profile tyres have a large side, this side will contribute that the tyre can deform when a kart takes a bend at a high speed. However, this possibility of deformation has a positive influence on the grip of the tyre onto the road. Accordingly, a hard compound can be used for such tyres. 6" tyres have a small side, through which on the one hand the tyre is less exposed to deformation then a 5" tyre.
  • the tyre has less grip on the road then a 5" tyre, through which a 6" tyre has to be made out of a soft compound, which results in a reduced life span of such a tyre.
  • the tyre isn't able to absorb a lot of shocks and provides accordingly in a much smaller driving comfort then a 5" tyre.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a tyre, more specifically a tyre for a kart, which has a good grip onto the road, which allows a good driving comfort, especially with speeds of more then 20 km/h, and of which the wear is restricted.
  • a tyre comprising the sizes: - a tyre height (A) between 9" and 12"; a tread width (B) between 4" and 7,50"; and a rim diameter (C) between 5,1" and 5,9".
  • said rim diameter is
  • the tyre height of a tyre according to the invention is preferably 11".
  • the thread width of a tyre according to the invention can on the one hand be 4,5" for the front wheel, or can on the other hand be 6,5" for the rear wheel.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tyre according to the invention
  • figure 2 is a section according to plane 10-10 as shown in figure 1.
  • a kart tyre (1) is given by numbers, i.e. a tyre height (A) (or a tyre diameter); - a thread width (B); and a rim diameter (C).
  • the thread (3) is the part of the tyre (1) which makes contact with the road surface and which determines the grip of the tyre (1).
  • the side (D) of the tyre (1) is dependent on the diameter (C) of the rim (2).
  • a certain tyre height (A) how larger the rim diameter (2), how smaller the side (D), and reversed.
  • a tyre (1) according to the invention has following sizes: a tyre height (A) between 9" and 12"; a thread width (B) between 4" and 7,50”; and a rim diameter (C) between 5,1" and 5,9".
  • a tyre (1) according to the invention has the following sizes:
  • tyre (1) The most preferred embodiments of a tyre (1) according to the invention are 11 x 4.50 - 5.5 and 11 x 6.50 - 5.5, in which the first figure is the tyre height (A), the second figure is the thread width (B) and the third figure is the rim diameter (C).
  • This is an ideal tyre for instance for application in a kart with a RTM chassis.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un pneumatique (1) comportant les dimensions suivantes: hauteur de pneumatique (A) entre 9 pouces et 12 pouces ; une largeur de bande de roulement (B) entre 4 pouces et 7,50 pouces, et un diamètre de jante entre 5,1 pouces et 5,9 pouces. Ces pneumatiques (1) sont plus particulièrement utilisés dans les karts.
PCT/EP2003/001068 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Pneumatique WO2003057514A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003210207A AU2003210207A1 (en) 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Tyre

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0200489A GB0200489D0 (en) 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Kart
GB0200489.3 2002-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003057514A1 true WO2003057514A1 (fr) 2003-07-17

Family

ID=9928856

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2003/000383 WO2003057455A1 (fr) 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Procede de fabrication d'un chassis de kart en materiau composite et chassis de kart en materiau composite fabrique par ce procede
PCT/EP2003/000382 WO2003057538A1 (fr) 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Systeme de pare-chocs, kart pourvu d'un chassis sur lequel est monte ce systeme de pare-chocs
PCT/EP2003/001068 WO2003057514A1 (fr) 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Pneumatique

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2003/000383 WO2003057455A1 (fr) 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Procede de fabrication d'un chassis de kart en materiau composite et chassis de kart en materiau composite fabrique par ce procede
PCT/EP2003/000382 WO2003057538A1 (fr) 2002-01-10 2003-01-10 Systeme de pare-chocs, kart pourvu d'un chassis sur lequel est monte ce systeme de pare-chocs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (3) AU2003210207A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0200489D0 (fr)
WO (3) WO2003057455A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008067583A1 (fr) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-12 Rv Ip Pty Ltd Composants moulés de carrosserie de remorque ou de caravane
DE102008033621A1 (de) * 2008-07-17 2010-01-21 Volkswagen Ag Kunststoffbauteil für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
DE102011003626B4 (de) * 2011-02-04 2016-07-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Faserverbund-Bauteils
AT520071B1 (de) 2017-12-29 2019-01-15 Brp Rotax Gmbh & Co Kg Kart

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0502694A1 (fr) * 1991-03-07 1992-09-09 Bridgestone Corporation Combinaison de bandage pneumatique avant et arrière pour kart de course
JP2000309205A (ja) * 1999-02-23 2000-11-07 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 空気入りタイヤ及びその製造方法
JP2001047810A (ja) * 1999-08-11 2001-02-20 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 空気入りバイアスレーシングタイヤ

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2150445A1 (de) * 1971-10-09 1973-04-12 Daimler Benz Ag Stossfaenger fuer kraftfahrzeuge, insbesondere personenkraftwagen
US4200318A (en) * 1978-08-30 1980-04-29 General Motors Corporation Bumper supporting energy absorber for vehicles
US4917435A (en) * 1989-05-23 1990-04-17 Ford Motor Company Truck cab construction
US5139297A (en) * 1991-09-12 1992-08-18 Ford Motor Company Internal stroking bumper beam
JP3483616B2 (ja) * 1994-05-23 2004-01-06 三菱化学株式会社 塗装された軟質樹脂製バンパー
JPH093274A (ja) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-07 Tokuyama Corp 車両用バンパー
CA2161403C (fr) * 1995-10-25 2009-08-18 Pat Berube Systeme de pare-chocs pour kart
GB2322602A (en) * 1997-02-17 1998-09-02 Lin Pac Mouldings Bumper assemblies for motor vehicles
JPH1199531A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 自動車バンパー用芯材
WO2000018566A1 (fr) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-06 Toray Industries, Inc. Structure creuse en resine renforcee par des fibres et son procede de fabrication
GB9900215D0 (en) * 1999-01-06 1999-02-24 Plastechnol Ltd Structure of vehicles
US6555045B2 (en) * 1999-01-11 2003-04-29 Northrop Grumman Corporation Grooved mold apparatus and process for forming fiber reinforced composite structures
FR2791920B1 (fr) * 1999-04-06 2001-06-08 Reverchon Isabelle Procede de fabrication d'un chassis de vehicule pour maneges forains et chassis ainsi obtenu
JP2001233923A (ja) * 1999-12-17 2001-08-28 Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd プロピレン−エチレンブロック共重合体、樹脂組成物及びブロー成形体

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0502694A1 (fr) * 1991-03-07 1992-09-09 Bridgestone Corporation Combinaison de bandage pneumatique avant et arrière pour kart de course
JP2000309205A (ja) * 1999-02-23 2000-11-07 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 空気入りタイヤ及びその製造方法
JP2001047810A (ja) * 1999-08-11 2001-02-20 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The 空気入りバイアスレーシングタイヤ

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 14 5 March 2001 (2001-03-05) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 19 5 June 2001 (2001-06-05) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003210207A1 (en) 2003-07-24
AU2003235765A1 (en) 2003-07-24
WO2003057538A1 (fr) 2003-07-17
AU2003210160A1 (en) 2003-07-24
GB0200489D0 (en) 2002-02-27
WO2003057455A1 (fr) 2003-07-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2127912B1 (fr) Pneu
AU2008202171B2 (en) Pneumatic tire
JP2008132951A (ja) 非空気式タイヤ
JP2006248318A (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
US20040051373A1 (en) Flexible rim wheel with resilient spokes
JP2007015596A (ja) 乗用車用タイヤ
EP2248681A1 (fr) Pneu sans clou
JP2010023823A (ja) ランフラットタイヤ
WO2003057514A1 (fr) Pneumatique
JP6025498B2 (ja) 非空気圧タイヤ
JP2874782B2 (ja) 良路及び不整地を兼用走行する２輪車用タイヤ
JP3203035B2 (ja) 重荷重用空気入りラジアルタイヤ
JP4568540B2 (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
JPH0592708A (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
JP2000142040A (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
JPH115402A (ja) タイヤ付車輪
JP3069594B2 (ja) 非対称構造タイヤの車輛装着方法
JPH10244815A (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
JP2004082813A (ja) タイヤ用ホイールセット及びそれを装着した車両
KR102200528B1 (ko) 타이어
JP2006076519A (ja) 二輪車用前輪タイヤ
JPH11321214A (ja) 空気入りラジアルタイヤ
JP3210417B2 (ja) 空気入りタイヤ
JPH11217009A (ja) 自動二輪車用空気入りタイヤ
JPS6320201A (ja) 車輌用タイア

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Country of ref document: JP