WO2002091881A1 - Seat - Google Patents
Seat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002091881A1 WO2002091881A1 PCT/JP2002/003309 JP0203309W WO02091881A1 WO 2002091881 A1 WO2002091881 A1 WO 2002091881A1 JP 0203309 W JP0203309 W JP 0203309W WO 02091881 A1 WO02091881 A1 WO 02091881A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- knitted fabric
- elastic
- seat
- ground
- dimensional
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
- A47C31/006—Use of three-dimensional fabrics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/58—Seat coverings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/70—Upholstery springs ; Upholstery
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
- D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
- D10B2403/0211—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics with corrugated plies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
- D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
- D10B2403/0213—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics with apertures, e.g. with one or more mesh fabric plies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
- D10B2403/022—Lofty fabric with variably spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
- D10B2403/0221—Lofty fabric with variably spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics with at least one corrugated ply
Definitions
- the present invention relates to various seats, such as automobile and train seats, office and furniture chairs, using a three-dimensional knitted fabric as a cushion material.
- This three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is a truss structure (three-dimensional structure) in which a pair of ground knitted fabrics that are spaced apart from each other are connected with a number of connecting yarns, and is an elastic structure that does not easily stick. It is excellent in breathability, body pressure dispersion characteristics, shock absorption characteristics, etc., and can exhibit characteristics close to high elastic polyurethane foam, which is widely used as cushioning material, while being thin.
- cushioning materials such as vehicle seats generally have high rigidity, and human body loads concentrate on muscles near the ischial tuberosity, resulting in poor sitting comfort and numbness when sitting for a long time.
- the concentration of the load under the ischial tuberosity and the resulting numbness are due to the high rigidity of the cushioning material, which reduces the amount of deformation of the muscles (including skin) of the human body part that is pressed compared to the deformation of the cushioning material when sitting. I thought it was caused by being big. The muscle of the human body part comes into contact with the cushion material through clothes, etc., but clothes can be neglected, so the term “contact” may be used instead of “press” in the following. .
- the deflection X1 of the cushioning material becomes larger.
- the load concentration below the ischial tuberosity is moderated. It is thought to reduce the occurrence of numbness.
- the muscles of the human body are considered as a component of the vibration system by forming the above parts, it becomes a two-degree-of-freedom vibration model with a dynamic vibration absorber effect, and the vibration transmission characteristics are also improved. It is thought that it will be done.
- the effect of the dynamic vibration absorber is that the thigh acts as a dynamic vibration absorber for actively damping the vibration of the vibration damping object with respect to the vibration damping object mainly consisting of the torso. It is to control the vibration.
- the “spring constant” is determined by the correlation between the load and the amount of deflection.
- the compliance replaced with the pressure value that is, the "elastic compliance” calculated by "deflection amount / pressure value” is used as an index It is effective. Therefore, providing a portion having a spring constant approximately equal to or smaller than the contacting (pressing) human body portion means that the elastic compliance of the cushioning material is substantially equal to the elastic compliance of the contacting human body portion.
- FIG. 22 shows the flexural characteristics of muscle against pressure from the pressure plate measured from the ischium to the thigh using a pressure plate with a diameter of 98 mm. Is shown. From this characteristic, it can be understood that the characteristic change between the buttock and the thigh is small. Also, the slope of this characteristic (deflection Z pressure value) is the elastic compliance. The details of this elastic compliance will be described later.
- the pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm will be described.
- the trunk mass is concentrated around the ischial tuberosity of the seat. It is known that the distance between two ischial tuberosities is between 100 mm and 115 mm for adult boys and between 110 mm and 130 mm for adult girls. Therefore, when verifying the body pressure distribution data, consider measuring the partial stiffness using a pressure plate with a diameter of 100 mm or less. Assume that 80% of the body weight is concentrated around the ischial tuberosity, and a body weight of 60 kg supports 45 kg with a 200 mm diameter pressure plate. Replacing the value of this to the pressure value becomes a 143 g Bruno cm 2.
- the seat when the seat is formed using polyurethane foam, the seat is usually formed with a spring feeling that the lower part of the ischial tuberosity is soft and becomes harder toward the front edge.
- the front edge of the seat compresses the back of the thigh, which may cause nervous system compression and impaired blood flow.
- the elastic compliance to the contact area under the ischial nodule is larger than the elastic compliance to the same contact area near the ischial nodule.
- the spring constant at the front edge is smaller than that near the ischial nodule.
- the spring property at the front edge is not so large in order to achieve smooth pedal operation.
- the elastic compliance under the ischial tuberosity is set to be approximately equal to the elastic compliance of the contacting human body part, and the elastic compliance near the leading edge is set to be greater than the elastic compliance below the ischial tuberosity.
- the elastic compliance at this site is smaller than the elastic compliance of the contacting human body, while the area near the ischial tuberosity is reduced.
- the hardness of the buttocks was measured from the back side of the cloth spring with a Shore A hardness meter. Since the measured hardness and the hardness of the buttocks in the sitting posture were the same, the spring constant of the cloth spring was sufficiently negligible compared to the spring constant of the muscle, so the frequency characteristics of Figures 30A and 3OB are equivalent. This can be considered as a characteristic of the buttocks spring constant k and damping coefficient c.
- the spring constant k decreases from 3 Hz to 6 Hz and becomes a negative value near 6 Hz as shown in FIG. 3OA. After that, it is the characteristic that becomes maximum around 9Hz.
- the damping coefficient c is a characteristic in which the damping coefficient increases near 6 Hz and 7 Hz at which the spring constant k becomes negative.
- the reason why the spring constant k becomes negative around 6 Hz is that two vertical resonances exist around 4 Hz and 9 Hz as shown in the frequency characteristics of the flexion of the gluteal muscles shown in Fig. 33. However, it is considered that anti-resonance occurred around 6 Hz.
- each resonance occurred around 4 Hz with the mass of the upper body and around 9 Hz with the mass of the waist relative to the spring constant k of the gluteal muscle.
- these resonance frequencies are examples of J M85, In the case of a light person, each resonance frequency will be higher.
- the muscular characteristics of the hips below 1 OHz depend on the vibration frequency for the spring constant k and the damping coefficient c by the two-degree-of-freedom vibration system in the sitting posture of the human body.
- Natsuta since the spring constant of the muscle under the ischial tuberosity where the cushion load is concentrated most has a characteristic close to zero at 4 to 6 Hz, make sure that the muscle around the ischial tuberosity that comes into contact with the cushion is not crushed. It is important to set the spring constant. To do so, the spring constant of the cushion that touches around the ischial tuberosity (for example, an area of 30 mm in diameter) is minimized, and the load is distributed around it (for example, the contact area of 98 mm in diameter). Therefore, it is necessary to set a spring constant that changes the surface rigidity around the ischial tuberosity and around it.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and is formed by connecting a seat frame and a pair of ground knitted fabrics spaced apart from each other with a connecting yarn, and supported by the seat frame.
- a cushion comprising a cushion material including a three-dimensional knitted fabric, wherein the cushioning material has elastic compliance characteristics when an extension-side reaction force is applied when the cushioning material is seated. It is characterized by comprising a first part having an equivalent value and a second part having a value larger than the sexual compliance of the first part.
- the second portion is used when a small reaction force acts on the extension side of the cushion material from a state in which the load acting on the side that contracts the cushion material at the time of sitting and the extension side reaction force of the cushion material generated by the load are balanced.
- the elastic compliance characteristic of the human body can be configured to have a larger value than the elastic compliance of the body part to be pressed.
- the load fluctuation characteristics in a state where the weight of the seat when seated and the reaction force of the cushioning material are balanced are important.
- the elastic compliance characteristic when a minute reaction force acts from a balanced state to a value larger than that of the part (muscle) of the human body to be pressed the deflection variation to the cushion material side is increased. , And can reduce the fluctuation of muscle flexure. As a result, the vibration stimulus to the human body can be reduced, and the riding comfort can be improved.
- the elastic compliance of the cushion material in a balanced state is adjusted.
- a load value in a balanced state was calculated based on the average pressure in a region of 98 mm in diameter centered under the ischial tuberosity, and a diameter of approximately 67 N equivalent to the calculated load value was calculated.
- Excitation was performed with a constant frequency sinusoidal waveform at positions 150 mm and 250 mm from the rear end of the cushion using a mm pressure plate. Then, the elastic compliance in a balanced state was examined from the pressure of the pressure plate and the deflection of the cushioning material.
- the pressure of the pressurizing plate was obtained by calculating an inertial force based on an output of the acceleration sensor mounted on the pressurizing plate and the mass, and dividing the calculated inertial force by an area of the pressurizing plate.
- the deflection of the cushioning material was determined by measuring the relative displacement between the pressure plate and the shaking table with a laser displacement meter.
- Fig. 34 shows an example of the above experimental results simulating a state of equilibrium at a position 150mm from the rear end of the seating surface (near the ischial tuberosity) and a position 250mm from the rear end.
- FIG. 34 shows the Lissajous waveform of the pressure value and the deflection of the pressure plate of 3 Hz overlaid on the static muscle characteristics in FIG.
- FIG. 35A shows the characteristics at 3 Hz in which the portion A in FIG. 34 is enlarged
- FIG. 35B shows the characteristics at 4 Hz.
- the gradient of the Lissajous waveform of 1 50 mm position and 250mm position, i.e. elastic compliance is made substantially equal at about 900 mm 3 ZN, this value is the same as the elastic compliance of static muscle Has become.
- This characteristic compliance has the same tendency for each frequency.
- the elastic compliance of the cushioning material becomes sufficiently larger than the elastic compliance of the gluteal muscles (the spring constant becomes sufficiently small) by configuring the elastic body to have a value larger than the elastic compliance of the body part to be pressed. Vibration energy transmitted to the gluteal muscles through the cushioning material during running is almost completely absorbed by the cushioning material. As a result, vibration stimuli to the human body are reduced, and riding comfort is improved.
- first portion and the second portion are laminated so that the second portion is located on the surface layer of the seat, or the second portion is located on the front edge side of the seat and the first portion is located It can be arranged so as to be located in a predetermined area (near the ischial tuberosity) including the seated person's ischial tuberosity.
- vibration is transmitted through a portion having greater elastic compliance than the muscles of the human body. Comfort can be improved.
- the second portion so as to be located on the front edge side of the seat portion, it is possible to prevent numbness of muscles near the ischial tuberosity and obstruction of blood flow in the thigh.
- a portion having a value smaller than the elastic compliance of the human body portion is provided below the first portion, and the elastic compliance of the first portion has substantially the same value as the elastic compliance of the human body portion. You may do so.
- the cushioning material has substantially the same value as the elastic compliance of the human body part to be pressed as the elastic compliance characteristic when the extension-side reaction force acts upon the seat, and A first portion located in a predetermined region including below the ischial tubercle; a second portion having a value greater than the elastic compliance of the first portion and located near the front edge of the seat; and a characteristic of the first portion. And a third part having a value smaller than the compliance and located in a part corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis of the seated person.
- a three-dimensional knitted fabric is stretched on the seat frame, and a three-dimensional knitted fabric is stretched on an elastic member having a smaller size and a substantially linear elastic compliance characteristic than the three-dimensional knitted fabric.
- the elastic member includes a predetermined region (under the ischial tuberosity) of the seat in the seat portion including the lower part of the ischial tuberosity, and a region excluding the vicinity of the front edge of the seat portion and the rear side from the predetermined region. Can be provided within a range of 100 mm to 300 mm from the rear end of the You.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric When the three-dimensional knitted fabric is stretched on the seat frame, a certain amount of slack is applied from the rear end of the seat surface to the predetermined area including the lower part of the ischial tuberosity, and between the predetermined area including the lower part of the ischial tubercle and the vicinity of the front edge. It can be stretched so that the corresponding part near the front of the pelvis does not slack.
- the distance from the rear end of the seat surface to the predetermined area including the region below the ischial tuberosity is 5 mm! For the entire width of the seat frame constituting the seat portion.
- the slack has a margin of about 60 mm and a margin of 0 to 20 mm at a portion corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis.
- the elastic member is constituted by a mesh-like elastic member, a sheet-like elastic member, or a mesh-like or sheet-like elastic member supported via a metal spring, and their elasticity largely acts on a portion corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis. You can make it.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be configured to include a portion having high surface rigidity and a main elastic portion as a portion having low surface rigidity that exerts a main restoring force against compressive deformation.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be provided with two or more types of portions having different compression ratios, and the portion having a high compression ratio can be configured as a main elastic portion exhibiting a main restoring force against compressive deformation. .
- the compression ratio of the main elastic part is in the range of 20 to 90%, the compression elasticity is in the range of 75 to 100%, and the compressibility of the part that does not constitute the main elastic part is The difference can be 5% or more.
- At least one surface of the three-dimensional knitted fabric may be provided with an uneven portion, and either the concave portion or the convex portion may be formed as a main elastic portion.
- the convex portion is formed into a substantially arch-shaped cross section between adjacent concave portions so that the convex portion constitutes the main elastic portion.
- the elasticity in the bending direction of the ridge-shaped projection can be used.
- the convex portion of the three-dimensional knitted fabric is formed in a ridge shape along an arbitrary direction along the surface, and the longitudinal direction along the convex portion of the seat, or both of the seat and the back, is set to the right and left of the sheet.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric can be stretched on the sheet frame so as to face the direction.
- the seat or the seat and It is effective to stretch the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric on the seat frame so that the direction in which the arrangement density of the main elastic portions is high in both the back and the left direction of the sheet.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric is stretched on the seat frame with an elongation of less than 5%, the thickness of the main elastic part is in the range of 5 to 80 mm, or the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is projected on a plane.
- the ratio of the main elastic portion to the unit area per unit area can be in the range of 30 to 90% / m 2 .
- the main elastic part of the three-dimensional knitted fabric is based on the knitting structure of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, the arrangement density of the connection yarns, the thickness of the connection yarns, the length of the connection yarns, the material of the connection yarns, and the stitch shape of the ground knitted fabric.
- the stitch size of the ground knitted fabric, the material of the ground yarn constituting the ground knitted fabric, the fastening force at the joint between the connecting yarn and the ground knitted fabric, or any one or more of It can be formed by preparation by a combination of elements.
- a concave portion can be formed, and the convex portion can constitute a main elastic portion.
- the concave portion of the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be formed by any one of welding, bonding, stitching, joining using a fusion fiber, and vibration welding.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric has the following arrangement densities of the connecting yarns in the concave and convex regions, the thickness of the connecting yarn, the length of the connecting yarn, the material of the connecting yarn, the stitch shape of the ground knitted fabric, the ground knitted fabric.
- the stitch size, the material of the ground yarn constituting the ground knitted fabric, and the one or more arbitrary two or more of the fastening forces at the joint between the connecting yarn and the ground knitted fabric. Can be formed.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric is formed such that the arrangement density of the connection yarns in the concave region is lower than the arrangement density of the connection yarns in the convex region constituting the main elastic portion. Can be.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric extends in a predetermined direction at a predetermined distance from the first ground knitted fabric formed of a flat knitted fabric structure, with the pair of ground knitted fabrics spaced apart from each other.
- a second ground knitted fabric having a plurality of band-shaped knitted fabric portions arranged as described above, and a portion of the band-shaped knitted fabric portion and the first ground knitted fabric facing the band-shaped knitted fabric portion; A portion opposing each of the gaps between the knitted fabric portion and the band-shaped knitted fabric portion adjacent to the band-shaped knitted fabric portion of the first ground knitted fabric; and the band-shaped portion of the band-shaped knitted fabric portion and the first ground knitted fabric.
- each of the plurality of band-shaped knitted fabric parts can be constituted by connecting each of the plurality of band-shaped knitted fabric parts with a connecting yarn at a portion facing each of the other band-shaped knitted fabric parts adjacent to the knitted fabric part.
- the portion connected by the connecting yarn is configured as a ridge-shaped convex portion.
- a hollow portion having no connecting yarn is provided in a widthwise intermediate portion between the band-shaped knitted fabric portion and a portion of the first ground knitted fabric facing the band-shaped knitted fabric portion.
- Each of the edges of the knitted fabric portion may be processed so as to approach the first ground knitted fabric, and each of the belt-shaped knitted fabric portions may constitute a convex portion. With this configuration, the elastic compliance can be further increased.
- a plurality of connecting portions for connecting each of the adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portions may be further provided.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric applicable to the present invention is preferably configured to have elastic compliance characteristics similar to human muscles.
- the cushioning material of the present invention has a first portion having substantially the same value as the elastic convergence of the human body portion to be pressed as the elastic compliance characteristic when the extension side reaction force is applied when seated. And a second part having a value larger than the elastic compliance of the first part.
- the elastic compliance in the vicinity of the leading edge when the extension side reaction force acts is made larger than that near the ischial tuberosity, obstruction of blood flow in the thigh is prevented, and it is used as a vehicle seat.
- the smoothness of pedal operation can be improved.
- the linearity of the elastic compliance characteristic when the extension side reaction force acts near the front of the pelvis is improved, and the elastic compliance is smaller than the elastic compliance near the lower part of the ischial tuberosity (predetermined area including the lower part of the ischial node). By doing so, it is possible to make the buttocks less slippery and enhance the sense of stability when sitting.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of the sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another arrangement of the three-dimensional knitted fabric constituting the upper elastic member and the back cushion material.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a simplified model of the cushioning material for explaining the action of a load on the cushioning material.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a first specific example of a three-dimensional knitted fabric usable in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of one ground knitted fabric.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the other ground knitted fabric.
- 8A to 8E are views illustrating various arrangements of the connecting yarn.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a third specific example of the three-dimensional knitted fabric usable in the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of one ground knitted fabric of the third specific example.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a fourth specific example of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric provided with the uneven portion usable as the upper elastic member or the like in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional knitted fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the substantially arch-shaped spring element formed on the three-dimensional knitted fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a view for explaining the operation of the substantially arch-shaped spring element formed on the three-dimensional knitted fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth specific example of the three-dimensional knitted fabric usable in the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a sixth specific example of the three-dimensional knitted fabric usable in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of one ground knitted fabric of the sixth specific example.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between the displacement and the load in the examples of the third to sixth specific examples of the three-dimensional knitted fabric and the comparative example.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the third to sixth specific examples of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and a relationship between displacement of the buttocks and load.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing elastic compliance of a human body part measured with a pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the elastic compliance characteristics measured by a pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm at a position 150 mm from the rear end of the seat cushion of the seat cushion material of the test example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing elastic compliance characteristics measured by a pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm at a position 250 mm from the rear end of the seat cushion of the seat cushion of the test example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the elastic compliance characteristics measured by a pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm at a position 350 mm from the rear end of the seat cushion of the seat cushion of the test example and the comparative example.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram in which the elastic compliance characteristics at positions of 150 mm and 250 mm from the rear end of the seat surface of the cushioning material for the seat of the test example are superimposed.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram in which the elastic compliance characteristics at positions of 150 mm and 250 mm from the rear end of the seat surface of the cushioning material for the seat portion of the comparative example are superimposed.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a vibration transmission characteristic of a sheet according to a test example.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the relative vertical vibration transmission characteristics of the cushion and the waist with respect to the floor of the seat according to the test example.
- FIG. 3 OA is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the spring constant k of JM85
- FIG. 30B is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the damping coefficient c of JM85
- FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for measuring a spring constant k and a damping coefficient c of JM85.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a single-degree-of-freedom vibration model having a spring constant k and a damping coefficient c.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of flexion of the gluteal muscle.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing muscle characteristics when a balanced state is simulated at a position of 150 mm and a position of 250 mm from the rear end of the seating surface, and the elastic compliance of the cushioning material in the balanced state.
- FIG. 35A is a diagram showing the characteristic at 3 Hz in which the A portion of FIG. 34 is enlarged
- FIG. 35B is a diagram showing the characteristic at 4 Hz.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing a static body pressure distribution of the cushion material.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a Lissajous waveform of the pressure value and the deflection by the pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm of the cushion material.
- FIG. 38A is a schematic plan view when the convex portions are arranged in a lattice shape
- FIG. 38B is a schematic plan view when the convex portions are arranged in a staggered manner.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the structure of a seat 10 of the present embodiment.
- the seat 10 of the present embodiment has a seat frame 20 and a seat frame 2.
- the cushion member 30 is supported by the cushion member 30.
- the seat frame 20 further has a frame 21 for a seat portion (seat cushion portion) and a frame 22 for a back portion (seat back portion).
- the seat frame 21 has a cushion material 3 1 for the seat.
- the back frame 22 has a cushion material 32 for the back supported respectively, and the seat frame 21 and the cushion material 31 for the seat.
- a seat portion (seat cushion portion) 40 of the seat 10 of the present embodiment is formed, and the back frame 22 and the back cushion material 32 form the back portion (seat back portion) 50 of the seat 10.
- the back frame 22 has a structure in which the back frame 22 can be rotated in the front-rear direction about the support shaft 23 with respect to the seat frame 21 and reclined.
- the seat cushion material 31 is a metal spring (coil spring) 31 whose one end is supported by a side frame 21 a constituting the seat frame 21. And a mesh elastic member 31b elastically supported at the other end of the metal spring 31a.
- the seat cushion material 31 further includes an intermediate elastic member 31c laminated on the upper surface of the mesh elastic member 31b, and a side frame laminated on the upper surface of the intermediate elastic member 31c. And an upper elastic member 31d stretched between 21a.
- the intermediate elastic member 3 1c and the upper elastic member 3 1d are both formed from a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the intermediate elastic member 3 1c has only the upper elastic member 31 d.
- the upper elastic member 31 d can be used as a single layer without folding back a three-dimensional knitted fabric, but as shown in Fig. 1, by folding back near the side frame 21a to use metal It is possible to further reduce the feeling of foreign objects such as the spring 31a.
- the mesh elastic member 31b examples include Pluma Flex (trade name) ⁇ Contour Matt (trade name), but have a high linearity spring constant without using a mesh elastic member.
- a planar elastic member made of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional woven or knitted fabric composed of yarn can also be used. If the resilient elastic member and the planar elastic member alone can exert the same elasticity as when the elastic member is used via the metal spring 31a as in the present embodiment, without using the metal spring, A net-like elastic member or the like can be directly connected to the side frame 21a.
- an upper elastic member 31 made of a three-dimensional knitted fabric is provided near the front edge 41 of the seat 40 of the present embodiment (at a position 350 mm from the rear end of the seat). Only d is supported and arranged in a state of being stretched by the side frame 21 a and the front end frame 21 b near the front edge 41, and is a net-like structure constituting the cushioning material 31 for the seat. No other elastic member (lower elastic member) such as elastic member 3 lb is provided. That is, the lower elastic members such as the mesh elastic member 31b and the metal spring 31a It is provided only in the region up to the front edge 41, and excluding the vicinity of the front edge 41 and the region posterior to the region below the ischial tuberosity.
- the part corresponding to the vicinity of the lower part of the ischial tuberosity is a part having a lower elastic member at the lower part, and a part having the lower elastic member removed therefrom.
- the part where the lower elastic member is removed the part where only the three-dimensional solid knit is present
- the part where the three-dimensional solid knit and the lower elastic member are present.
- the lower portion of the vicinity of the front edge portion 41 is not provided with a lower elastic member such as a net-like elastic member 31b, and therefore, has a lower elastic member such as a net-like elastic member 31b when seated.
- the spring constant when the extension side reaction force is smaller than that of other parts, that is, the elastic con- trol when the extension side reaction force acts.
- the function as a damping element increases. Therefore, the reaction force for pressing the back side of the thigh is reduced, and the blood flow inhibition can be suppressed, and the smoothness of the pedal operation can be enhanced when used as a vehicle seat. Since the elastic compliance near the front edge 41 is larger than the elastic compliance of other parts of the seat, the value is also compared with the elastic compliance of the human body part pressing near the front edge 41. Is getting bigger.
- the part corresponding to the area near the front of the pelvis between the area near the ischial tuberosity and the area near the anterior edge (the area about 100 mm anterior from the area below the ischial tuberosity) 42 has an elastic compliance at the bottom when seated. It is located at a substantially central portion (a region including the central portion and in front of the central portion) of a portion where the lower elastic member such as the reticulated elastic member 31b having substantially linear characteristics is provided. For this reason, the elastic compliance when the extension side reaction force acts on the part 42 corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis has a smaller value than the elastic compliance of the contacting human body part, Can also be provided so as to show a highly linear displacement compared to the rear part.
- the resilience of the portion 42 corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis increases, and even if the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself is not stretched so as to increase the sitting angle (the angle of the seat cushion with respect to the vertical line),
- the sinking of the sciatic part of the human body located behind can be made large, preventing rotation of the sciatic part. It is possible to improve the sense of stability of the sitting posture by stopping.
- the lower elastic members such as the above-mentioned mesh elastic member 31b are provided so as to be within a range of 100 mm to 300 mm from the rear end of the seat surface.
- the lower elastic members having high linearity of the elastic convergence characteristics are provided so as to largely act in the position 42 corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis.
- the present embodiment relates to a three-dimensional knitted fabric having a spring characteristic similar to that of a human muscle, and a lower elastic member having a smaller size and a substantially linear elastic compliance characteristic than the three-dimensional knitted fabric.
- the elastic compliance of the part near the boundary between the lower part and the part where the lower elastic member exists (the first part) is almost equivalent to the elastic compliance of the human body part in contact.
- the lower part of the three-dimensional knitted fabric has a lower elastic member, and the elastic compliance of the part between the first part and the second part is smaller than the elastic compliance of the contacting human body part. .
- the position of the lower elastic member includes a portion corresponding to the seat part below the ischial tuberosity of the occupant in the seat portion, and is a region in front of the bracket portion, excluding the front edge portion where the thigh portion of the seat portion abuts. It is preferable to provide it in the region where it is located.
- the back cushion material 3 2 is made of a three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the back frame 2 2 It is stretched between the side frames 22a. Since the back cushion material 32 is thus composed of only the three-dimensional knitted fabric, the resilience is small and the attenuation is large. For this reason, the back cushion material 32 easily deforms following the body shape, and fits more easily.
- the lower part of the three-dimensional knitted fabric constituting the back cushion material 32 and the rear part of the three-dimensional knitted fabric constituting the upper elastic member 31 d of the cushion material 31 for the seat are integrated by sewing. Have been. As a result, it is possible to support the waist from the buttocks, where a large load is applied when sitting down, like a hammock in the direction in which they can be lifted.
- the upper elastic member 3 1 d made of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the seat cushion material 31 and the back cushion material 32 made of the three-dimensional knitted fabric are formed on both sides as shown in FIG. Is sewn with a cloth material 3 1 e, 3 2 e such as felt, and stretched so that the cloth materials 3 1 e, 32 e cover the side frames 21 a, 22 a. Can also.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric is restrained from elongating in the lateral direction (the direction of the left and right side frames), the elongation in the front-rear direction is increased, the holdability can be improved, and the stability when seated is further improved. be able to. This point will be further described later.
- the cushion material 31 for the seat and the cushion material 32 for the back provided in this manner are set so as to have a characteristic that changes with a tendency similar to the elastic compliance of the contacting human body part, as described above.
- Such characteristics are achieved by using a three-dimensional knitted fabric.
- Three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabrics are It is formed by joining the pair of duland knitted fabrics with connecting yarns. The deformation of the stitches, the deformation of the connecting yarns (not falling or buckling), and the deformed connecting yarns that constitute each daland knitted fabric In this structure, the load is supported by the restoring force of the adjacent connecting yarns that provide spring properties.
- the contact area when the contact area is large, high surface stiffness is exerted by a large resistance due to a large number of corresponding connecting yarns, while a partial load acts, for example, when the thighs come into contact with each other.
- the contact area is small, that is, when the contact area is small, the number of connecting yarns in the range is small, and the restoring force for supporting each other to prevent deformation (falling or buckling) is reduced.
- the elastic compliance of the three-dimensional knitted fabric can exhibit, as its own characteristic, a change characteristic with a large initial deflection amount and a poor hysteresis, which is close to the elasticity conformity of the contacting human body part.
- the seat having a specific structure having such elastic compliance is provided on the side frame 21 a constituting the seat frame 21 of the cushion material 31 for the seat.
- One end of the coil spring 31a is supported, and the other end of the coil spring 31a supports a resilient elastic member 31b made of a contour or the like.
- the resilient member 31b is supported on the resilient member 31b.
- a 10 mm thick viscoelastic urethane as the intermediate elastic member 31c is placed, and further, for example, a 30 mm urethane slab is laminated, and then, for example, a 13 mm thick conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric. Can be arranged.
- Figure 37 shows the Lissajous waveform of the pressure and the deflection of the pressure plate with a diameter of 98 mm of this cushion material.
- the elastic compliance characteristic at 150 mm from the rear end of the seat surface (50 mm ahead of the rear end of the lower elastic member) is almost equivalent to the elastic compliance of the human body part.
- the elastic compliance characteristic of 250 mm ( O mm behind the front end of the lower elastic member and corresponding to the vicinity of the front of the pelvis) is smaller than the elastic compliance of the human body part.
- the elastic compliance is distributed in the order of large, small, and equivalent from near the front edge of the seat to the rear end of the seat.
- the part with low elastic compliance corresponds to the vicinity of the front of the pelvis, and the part with the same elastic compliance at the rear end of the seating surface corresponds to the area under the ischial tuberosity. Since the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric exhibits such an effect, the seat cushion of the present embodiment is used.
- the elastic material 31 is an upper elastic member which is a member having a spring characteristic similar to the characteristics of the muscles of the human body on the mesh elastic member 31 b or the like having a spring constant with high linearity against deformation. 3 1d will be provided.
- the upper elastic member 31d of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric which is smaller than the spring constant of the mesh elastic member 31b, returns more flexibly.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric having the same spring constant as the muscular part of the occupant acts on the vibration, so that the muscle is less bent and the vibration stimulus to the human body is reduced (see Fig. 4). .
- the spring characteristic having high linearity against deformation having a high linearity in elastic compliance characteristic
- the human muscle particularly, Since the two spring characteristics, that is, a soft spring characteristic similar to that of the buttocks muscle, are exhibited, the effect of improving the vibration characteristics particularly in a high frequency band is great.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric is formed by connecting a pair of ground knitted fabrics spaced apart from each other with a connecting yarn. Therefore, these elements constituting the three-dimensional knitted fabric, namely, the arrangement density of the connecting yarn, the thickness of the connecting yarn, the length of the connecting yarn, the material of the connecting yarn, the stitch shape of the ground knitted fabric, and the ground knitted fabric Stitch size, material of the ground yarn constituting the ground knitted fabric, and any one or two or more optional elements among the fastening force at the joint between the connecting yarn and the ground knitted fabric are appropriately selected. This makes it possible to have the same inclination as the muscle's spring constant characteristic (elastic compliance).
- the muscle spring By combining it with a lower elastic member such as a net-like elastic member that deforms in a substantially linear manner, the muscle spring can be adjusted.
- a spring constant smaller than the constant (elastic compliance greater than the muscle elastic compliance) and a muscle spring constant A cushioning material having a spring constant greater than the number (elastic compliance smaller than the muscle compliance) can be formed.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric is used by being stretched over a seat frame, specifically, a side frame 21a or 22a. Therefore, each of the above-mentioned characteristics is exhibited in a state of being stretched on the seat frame.
- the upper elastic member made of a three-dimensional knitted fabric.
- a lower elastic member such as a metal spring 31 a and a mesh elastic member 31 b in addition to 31 d, the characteristic of the cushioning material 31 for the seat including these is measured. It is.
- the second part having a value greater than the elastic compliance of the pressing human body part is located on the leading edge side of the seat, and the first part having a value substantially equal to the elastic compliance of the pressing human body part is the position of the occupant.
- the first and second parts are arranged so that the second part is located at the surface layer of the seat. They may be stacked.
- first and second parts are laminated so that the second part is located on the surface layer of the seat, and the laminated part is located near a seated person's ischial tuberosity and pressed by a human body part.
- the other portion having a value larger than the elastic compliance may be arranged on the front edge side of the seat.
- the compression ratio and compression elastic modulus used in the following description are measured by a test method based on JASO standard M404-84 “Compression ratio and compression elastic modulus”. Specifically, three samples cut into 5 Omm X 5 Omm Thickness t when pressed for 30 seconds with an initial load of 3.5 g / cm 2 (0.343 kPa) in the right direction. (mm), and then measure the thickness t t (mm) when left for 10 minutes under a pressure of 200 gZcm 2 (19.6 kPa). Next, after leaving the load for 10 minutes, the thickness when pressed again at 3.5 g / cm 2 (0.343 kPa) for 30 seconds. Measure (mm).
- the compression ratio and the compression elastic modulus are calculated by the following formulas, and each is represented by the average value of three sheets.
- the compression ratio and compression modulus measured by cutting each 3D knitted fabric having a convex portion (or ridge portion) and a concave portion (or another portion) at 5 OmmX 50 mm were measured.
- the data of the convex part (or ridge) as the main elastic part is the data
- the compression ratio of the concave part (or other part) is the same as the data except that the interval between the convex parts (or ridge) is re-knitted to 5 Omm.
- Compressibility (%) ⁇ (t.t t t t t) ⁇ X 1 00 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1 )
- Compression modulus (%) ⁇ ( t ' 0 -t,) / (t 0-t,) ⁇ X 100
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 reciprocates between a pair of ground knitted fabrics 110, 120 arranged apart from each other and a pair of ground knitted fabrics 110, 120. Then, it is composed of a three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric having a large number of connecting yarns 130 connecting the two.
- the ground knitted fabric 110 has a flat knitted fabric structure (fine texture) that is continuous from a yarn twisted with a single fiber in both the ale direction and the course direction. ).
- the other ground knitted fabric 120 has a honeycomb-shaped (hexagonal) mesh made of twisted short fibers. It has a stitch structure larger than zero. Needless to say, this knitted fabric structure is merely an example, and a knitted fabric structure other than the fine structure / honeycomb shape can be adopted.
- the connecting yarn 130 is woven between the pair of ground knitted fabrics 110 and 120 such that one ground knitted fabric 110 and the other ground knitted fabric 120 maintain a predetermined interval. Things, three-dimensional mesh two
- the predetermined three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 is given a predetermined rigidity.
- the thickness of the ground thread forming the ground knitted fabrics 110 and 120 is such that the knitting work can be provided while maintaining the necessary waist strength necessary for the three-dimensional knitted fabric. Selected. Although a monofilament yarn can be used as the ground yarn, it is preferable to use a multifilament yarn / spun yarn from the viewpoints of texture and softness of surface feel.
- the connecting yarn 130 it is preferable to use a monofilament yarn, and a yarn having a thickness in the range of 167 to 110 decitex is preferable.
- Multifilament yarn cannot provide cushioning with good restoring force, and if the thickness is less than 167 dentex, it will be difficult to obtain stiffness, and if the thickness exceeds 110 dentex, This is because they are too hard to obtain adequate spring properties (cushioning properties).
- the material of the ground yarn or the connecting yarn 130 is not particularly limited.
- synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and rayon, recycled fibers, wool, silk, cotton, etc. Natural fibers.
- the above materials may be used alone or in combination.
- thermoplastic polyester fibers represented by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), etc .
- polyamide fibers represented by nylon 6, nylon 66, etc .
- polyethylene It is a polyolefin fiber represented by pyrene or a combination of two or more of these fibers.
- polyester fiber is suitable because of its excellent recyclability.
- the shape of the ground yarn or the connecting yarn 130 is not limited, and may be a round cross-section yarn or a modified cross-section yarn.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B show a straight type in which connecting yarns 130 are knitted substantially vertically between daland knitted fabrics 110 and 120. Of these, FIG. Figure 8B is a simple straight knit. 8C to 8E show a cross type in which the connecting yarns 130 are knitted so as to intersect halfway between the ground knitted fabrics 1 10 and 120. Of these, FIG. Figure 8D shows a simple cloth weave, and Figure 8E shows a two-piece cross (double cross). As shown in FIGS.
- each connecting yarn 130 when the connecting yarns 130 are arranged diagonally with crossing each other, the connecting yarns 130 are arranged substantially vertically between the ground knitted fabrics 110 and 120. Compared to the configuration in which they are arranged (see FIGS. 8A and 8B), the buckling strength of each connecting thread 130 can maintain a sufficient restoring force and provide a soft spring characteristic with a large compression ratio. .
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 of the first specific example is processed into a structure having concave portions and convex portions, similarly to the fifth specific example shown in FIG. It was done. That is to say, using the reference numerals used in FIG. 17, the pair of ground knitted fabrics 330 and 340 spaced apart from the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the course direction. In this manner, a concave portion 150 is formed, and a convex portion 160 is formed between adjacent concave portions 150.
- a second portion having a value larger than the elastic compliance of the muscle is formed on the surface portion of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the second portion is formed below the second portion.
- the first part which has almost the same value as the muscle elastic compliance, Can be formed.
- the concave portion 150 can be formed from only one of the pair of duland knitted grounds, but can also be formed from both sides as shown in FIG.
- Means for forming the concave portions 150 by bringing the ground knitted fabrics close to each other include welding means, bonding means, sewing means by sewing, and further, by fusing fibers between the ground knitted fabrics.
- Means for melting and bonding the fused fibers and the like can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use vibration welding means. This is because the rigidity of the welded part can be avoided and the joining strength is strong.
- the connecting thread 130 disposed in the region is inclined or flexed at the portion where the recess 150 is formed.
- the connecting yarns 130 are unevenly distributed so as to move to the region of the adjacent convex portion 160 via the 150.
- the neighboring connecting yarns 130 are entangled with each other ( (Linkage) and join.
- the connecting yarn 130 is formed on both sides of the entangled portion 130a, that is, the convex portions are connected to each other. It becomes possible to function as independent spring elements (deformation elements) for the target ground knitted fabric. Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG.
- the entangled portion 130 a of the connecting thread 130 entangled in one concave portion 150 is entangled in the adjacent concave portion 150 a.
- the distance between the entangled portion 130a of the connecting yarn 130 and the ground knitted fabric and the connecting yarn 130 arranged in the region is caused by one spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross-section and friction between the yarns.
- a structure that can be regarded as a damping element is formed.
- the elastic modulus of the concave portion 150 and the elastic portion of the convex portion 160 are different from each other.
- the buckling strength of the connecting thread 130 is relatively reduced and the buckling characteristics are less likely to appear as compared with the case where the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 is used without forming an uneven portion.
- the elastic function in the bending direction of the spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section, including the entangled connecting yarn 130 becomes relatively large. That is, the spring characteristic of the convex portion 160 is smaller than that of the three-dimensional knitted fabric formed under the same conditions except that the convex portion is not formed. ) Small load The buckling characteristics are less likely to appear due to easy deformation from the heavy range.
- the connecting yarns 130 are entangled and joined in the recesses 150 as described above, so that the elasticity that expands and contracts in a direction substantially orthogonal to the formation line of the recesses 150 is provided. Is also given. For this reason, when stretched on a sheet, the elasticity (springiness) generated in the thickness direction, the spring direction in the bending direction due to the spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section, and the elasticity (springiness) generated in the plane direction substantially orthogonal to this. This extension contributes to lowering the spring constant and increasing elastic compliance.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 of the second specific example is preferably stretched with an elongation of less than 5% when stretched on a seat frame in order to sufficiently exhibit the above-described characteristics.
- the characteristic of the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 is greatly exerted near and behind the ischial tuberosity, and the mesh elastic member is formed at the part 42 corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis.
- the seat frame rear end which is a part corresponding to the vicinity of the front part of the pelvis, is stretched so as to have a margin of 5 to 60 mm, preferably 15 to 35 mm with respect to the width of the seat frame. It is more preferable to extend the margin so that the margin becomes substantially zero when the distance reaches about 200 to 300 mm.
- the projection 160 may be stretched so that the longitudinal direction of the projection 160 (recess 150) extends in the left-right direction (Y direction) of the seat. preferable. That is, by stretching in this way, the elasticity generated in a plane direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the convex portion 160 makes it easier for the seat portion to extend in the front-rear direction (X direction) than in the left-right direction. Therefore, the shearing force in the front-rear direction is smaller than that in the left-right direction, and the sitting angle tends to increase when seated. This suppresses the buttocks from slipping forward, improves the shape-following ability to change posture, and improves the driver's seat.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric arranged on the back is stretched so that the longitudinal direction of the projection 160 is arranged in the left-right direction of the back similarly to the seat. This makes it easier to stretch in the up-down direction (Z direction), helps the seat to bend, and further improves the shape-following of posture changes.
- the convex portions 160 of the three-dimensional knitted fabric may be in a lattice shape as shown in FIG.
- the area ratio of the lattice-shaped or staggered convex that is, the direction in which the arrangement density is high is determined by the right and left sides of the seat. It is preferable to stretch in the direction (Y direction).
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 having the above-described structure was in contact with a portion protruding from a human bone represented by mass M (corresponding to a pressure plate having a diameter of 30 mm).
- mass M corresponding to a pressure plate having a diameter of 30 mm.
- the convex portions 160 on both sides of the concave portion 150 are deformed so as to escape to the outside while denting, and a partial set occurs. That is, the convex portions are deformed away from each other.
- the load is supported by the entire three-dimensional knitted fabric. Deformation improves the fit in small displacement areas.
- the above-mentioned convex portion 160 corresponds to a portion having a large compressibility that functions as a main elastic portion having low surface rigidity exhibiting a main restoring force against compressive deformation, and the concave portion 150 has a thickness direction.
- This is equivalent to a part with a small compressibility and a high surface rigidity that can exert only a small elastic force.
- the level of surface stiffness is determined by the degree of strain in the vertical direction (thickness direction) and the horizontal direction (shear direction).
- the above-described parts having a high compressibility are easily distorted in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Since the parts with small compressibility are hard to be distorted in both the vertical and horizontal directions, the parts with high compressibility are the parts with low surface rigidity, and the parts with low compressibility are the parts with high surface rigidity.
- the convex portion 160 constituting the main elastic portion has a high compression ratio and a necessary restoring force due to the above configuration, and is provided with a necessary restoring force. It is possible to exhibit spring constant characteristics (elastic compliance) similar to muscles such as the buttock. That is, as the elastic compliance characteristics when the extension side reaction force acts when seated, the convex part having a value larger than the elastic compliance of the contacting human body part, the elastic compliance of the convex part having almost the same value as the elastic compliance of the contacting human body part And a recess having a value. This prevents muscles such as the buttocks from being deformed when sitting down, and reduces the spring characteristics of human skin and muscles, which are damping elements in the chatter vibration region of 6 Hz or more, especially 10 Hz or more. Can be prevented.
- spring constant characteristics elastic compliance
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 100 has a compression ratio of the convex portion 160 as a main elastic portion in the range of 20 to 90% and a compression elastic modulus of 20 to 90%. It is set in the range of 75 to 100%, so that the difference between the compression ratio with the portion that does not constitute the main elastic portion, that is, in the second specific example, with the concave portion 150 is 5% or more. I like it.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 is composed of a pair of ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 and a connecting yarn 130.
- the pair of ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and a connecting yarn 130 is provided so as to reciprocate between the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230.
- the ground knitted fabric 220 is composed of a plurality of aile stitches, and extends in the roll direction, and is formed of a plurality of band-shaped knitted fabric portions formed to be separated from each other by one or more ales. It is a structure having 222. As a result, a void portion 222 is formed between the adjacent belt-shaped knitted fabric portions 221. As shown in FIG. 10, each belt-shaped knitted fabric portion 221 is connected to the other ground in the region.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 show a state where the communication unit 222 connects.
- the formation positions of the communication portions 224 are not necessarily grid-like as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, may be staggered, and may be irregularly arranged.
- the other ground knitted fabric 230 is formed of a flat knitted fabric structure that is continuous also in the ale direction, the course direction, and the displacement direction.
- the structure of any of the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 is not limited to that shown in the figure, and for example, a perforated structure such as a mesh or a tricot may be used. it can.
- the connecting yarn 130 is disposed so as to reciprocate between the opposing ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230. More specifically, a part of the connecting yarn 130 is a belt-shaped knitted fabric. It is disposed between the portion 221 and the ground knitted fabric 230 in a region opposed to the portion 221. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a part of the connecting yarn 130 connected to a certain band-shaped knitted fabric portion 221 is a part of the area facing the one band-shaped knitted fabric portion 221. While being joined to the ground knitted fabric 230, another part of the connecting yarn 130 is connected to the ground knitted fabric located immediately below the gap portion 222 adjacent to the one band-shaped knitted fabric portion 221. The ground 230 and the ground knitted fabric 230 facing the other belt-shaped knitted fabric portion 221 adjacent thereto are joined.
- the other part of the connecting yarn 130 is disposed to be inclined between the daland knitted fabrics 220 and 230.
- the connecting yarns 130 are arranged in such a manner, so that the lower part of the gap portion 222 between the adjacent belt-shaped knitted fabric portions 22 1 is obtained.
- some of the connecting yarns 130 arranged at an angle intersect with each other.
- the arrangement of the connecting yarns 130 is compared with a configuration in which all the connecting yarns 130 are arranged almost vertically between the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 (see FIG. 5). As a result, a soft spring characteristic having a large compression ratio can be provided.
- each connecting thread 130 due to the buckling strength of each connecting thread 130, sufficient restoring force can be exerted while giving a soft spring feeling with a large compression ratio.
- a hollow portion where there is no connecting yarn is provided in the vicinity of approximately the middle in the width direction of each ridge portion 23 formed by the belt-shaped knitted fabric portion 22 1 and the connecting yarn 130. 24 1 are formed, thereby achieving a higher compression ratio and contributing to weight reduction.
- Each of the ridges 2 23 formed by the above-mentioned band-shaped knitted fabric portion 2 21 and the connecting yarn 1 30 of the third specific example, as in the case of the above-mentioned convex portion 160, is resistant to compression deformation. It functions as a main elastic portion having a low surface rigidity that exerts a main restoring force. Moreover, each ridge portion 2 23 is formed at a distance of 1 to several ales as described above. It corresponds to a partially provided main elastic portion. In other words, as described above, each ridge portion 223 is a portion having a predetermined elasticity and a large compressibility by the connecting yarn 130. You.
- a portion consisting of a part of the connecting yarn 130 existing immediately below the void portion 222 between the ridge portions 230 and a partial region of the other ground knitted fabric 230 is the connecting yarn 133.
- the arrangement density of 0 is a region that is relatively coarser than the arrangement density of the connecting yarns 130 in the ridge portion 23 constituting the main elastic portion, and the connecting yarns 13
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 of the third specific example has two different types of surface stiffness because it is a portion with a small compressibility and a high surface stiffness that can exert only a slight elastic force in the thickness direction due to the deformation of 0. It has a configuration with the above parts.
- Fig. 21 shows the spring characteristics of the muscles of the hips of a person.
- the torn constant is in the range of 0.1 to 10 NZm, and the hysteresis loss is small and the linearity is relatively high.
- the hysteresis loss is reduced. Large and lacks resilience.
- the spring constant approximately matches the above-described muscle spring constant range, and the hysteresis loss and linearity are substantially the same as the muscle spring characteristics.
- the three-dimensional body knitted fabric 210 has a relatively small hysteresis loss as its own load characteristic in the thickness direction before stretching.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the first specific example has the same uniform arrangement density and thickness of the connecting yarns (Fig. 5
- the buckling characteristics of the connecting yarn are greatly influenced by the fact that the entire surface is formed with a uniform property, and the load characteristics are nonlinear and have a large hysteresis loss. Therefore, in the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of the first specific example, for example, if the structure that emphasizes the resilience is adjusted by adjusting the thickness and density of the connecting yarn, the spring constant becomes too high.
- each ridge portion 2 23 serving as a main elastic portion formed by the band-shaped knitted fabric portion 2 21 and the connecting yarn 130 is partially provided.
- the number of connecting yarns to be arranged on the entire surface can be increased with the same material and stitch structure. Compared to a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric with a uniform structure, it is possible to achieve soft spring characteristics while maintaining the required restoring force.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of the first specific example (Comparative Example 1 (manufacturing conditions are the same as Example 4 described later.
- the compression ratio is 13.2% and the compression modulus is 98.1%).
- the spring constant of the third specific example shown in Example 1 is smaller than that of , The hysteresis loss is small, and the linearity is high.
- the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 of the third specific example is more suitable as a cushioning material (skin material) for a seat having a spring characteristic similar to that of a human muscle and a necessary restoring property. You can see that there is.
- the compression ratio of the ridge portion 2 23 as the main elastic portion is set similarly to the case where the convex portion 160 is formed.
- the compression elastic modulus is set in the range of 75 to 100% while the compression elastic modulus is set in the range of 75 to 100%. So that the difference in compression ratio between a part of the connecting yarn 130 existing immediately below the void part 222 and a part of the other ground knitted fabric 230 is 5% or more. It is preferable to set.
- the thickness of the ridge portion 223 as the main elastic portion is In order to satisfy the characteristics of the vehicle seat as a cushion material, the range of 5 to 10 Omm is preferable. If it is below this range, it is difficult to exhibit good cushioning properties, and if it is above this range, it is difficult to ensure the dimensional stability of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 210. In addition, even in such a range, if the thickness is relatively thick, for example, exceeding 5 Omm, depending on the elastic modulus of the connecting thread 130, the cushioning property becomes harder than a rigid body.
- the thickness is relatively large, it is preferable to use a connecting thread 130 having a high elastic modulus to design a soft cushion characteristic with a large stroke.
- the range of 5 to 3 Omm is more preferable among the above ranges.
- a plurality of three-dimensional knitted fabrics 210 can be laminated or used by laminating with another elastic member such as Plumaflex, but in this case, the elasticity of other elastic members is added. Therefore, the thickness per one sheet of the three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 (the thickness t of the ridge portion 223) is still appropriate in the range of 5 to 30 mm, which is a relatively small range in the above range. is there.
- the proportion per unit area of the ridges 223 is the main elastic section, the range of l ⁇ 99% Zm 2, especially sheets for automobiles When used as, it is preferable that it be formed so as to be in the range of 30 to 90% Zm 2 .
- the width of each band-shaped knitted fabric portion 221 and the separation distance between the adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portions 221 are set. It is preferable to determine the range as follows.
- E is the gauge number of a knitting machine that knits a three-dimensional knitted fabric
- 2.54 is a value obtained by converting 1 inch to cm.
- the coefficients “0.14” and “15.24” were derived from empirical rules as a value from which the preferred ale number could be calculated, regardless of the gauge number of the knitting machine, as a result of the study by the present inventors. .
- the ratio of the above-mentioned ridge portion 223, which is the main elastic portion, to the unit area may be increased or decreased by partially increasing or decreasing the density of the ridge portion 223.
- the width can be changed by increasing or decreasing the width of the ridge portion 223.
- the width of the ridge 223 is increased at the portion corresponding to the lumbar vertebra, and the width of the ridge 223 is increased at the portion corresponding to the ischium in order to suppress the pelvis from sliding forward and improve the shape following ability with respect to the posture change. It can be set to narrow the width.
- the type and thickness of the ground yarn forming the ground knitted fabric 220, 230 Although not limited, it is preferable to use a multifilament yarn / spun yarn of 167 to 280 decitex. If it is less than 1670 dtex, it will be difficult and difficult to provide the waist strength required for the standing knitted fabric, and if the thickness exceeds 2800 dtex, knitting work will be required. And the texture of the surface of the knitted fabric is reduced. Although a monofilament yarn can be used as the ground yarn, it is preferable to use a multifilament yarn or a spun yarn as described above from the viewpoints of texture and softness of surface feel.
- a monofilament yarn is used as the connecting yarn 130, and the thickness is set to 167 to 110 decitex, as described above.
- the same material as described above can be used as the material of the ground yarn or the connecting yarn 130.
- the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 are configured to prevent the connecting yarn 130 from projecting in order to exhibit the above characteristics only by the knitting structure of the knitted fabric.
- the total thickness of the stitch yarn formed by the ground yarn and the connecting yarn 130 is preferably at least 330 decitex, and more preferably within a range of 420 to 280 decitex. Is more preferred.
- the above-described characteristics are not limited to the above-described knitted fabric morphology, various numerical ranges, materials, or the like, as a matter of course, in producing the above characteristics by preparing the knitting structure.
- Installation density, thickness of connecting yarn, length of connecting yarn, material of connecting yarn, stitch shape of ground knitting, stitch size of ground knitting, material of ground yarn constituting ground knitting It can be prepared by any one of the fastening forces at the joint with the ground knitted fabric or an appropriate combination of any two or more elements.
- FIGS. a fourth specific example of the three-dimensional knitted fabric will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the same members as those shown in the third specific example are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- This specific example is exactly the same as the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 according to the third specific example described above.
- a concave portion 150 and a convex portion 160 were formed on a knitted fabric manufactured in the same manner (a knitted fabric in which a belt-shaped knitted fabric portion was connected). 160 constitutes the main elastic part.
- a pair of ground knitted fabrics 2 2 which are spaced apart from the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 of the third specific example at predetermined intervals along the course direction.
- the recess 150 is formed by processing so that 0 and 230 are close to each other.
- the concave portion 150 is formed between the belt-shaped knitted fabric portions (portion where the void portion is formed), the concave portion 150 is formed in the region where the concave portion 150 is formed.
- the connecting yarns 130 are inclined or bent, and the connecting yarns 130 in the vicinity are entangled and joined in the region.
- the connecting yarn 130 is positioned such that both sides of the entangled portion 130a are opposed to the ground knitted fabric 220 or duland knitted fabric 230 to be joined.
- they can function as independent spring elements. Therefore, as schematically shown in FIG. 15, from the entangled portion 130 a of the connecting yarn 130 entangled in one concave portion 150, the connection entangled in the adjacent concave portion 150.
- the structure up to the entangled portion 130a of the thread 130, including the ground knitted fabric 220 and the connecting thread 130 arranged in the area, can be regarded as one spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section. Is formed.
- the spring characteristics of the ridge portion 2 23 of the third specific example are smaller than those of the ridge portion 2 23 of the third example, and the buckling characteristics are less likely to appear while the spring constant is smaller and the material is easily deformed from a small load range. Therefore, the hysteresis loss is reduced and the linearity is improved.
- the load characteristics of the three-dimensional knitted fabric itself must be relatively small.
- the protrusions 1 as in the fourth example The three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric 210 formed with 60 is easily changed, that is, depending on the conditions such as the knitting structure of the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 and the way of arranging the connecting yarns 130. Even if it is mitigated, it can provide the necessary characteristics. This point is apparent from the load characteristics in FIG.
- the connecting yarns 130 are entangled and joined in the concave portions 150 as described above, whereby the elasticity that expands and contracts in a direction substantially orthogonal to the formation line of the concave portions 150 is formed. Is also given. For this reason, when stretched on a sheet, the elasticity (springiness) generated in the thickness direction, the spring direction in the bending direction due to the spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section, and the elasticity (springiness) generated in the plane direction substantially orthogonal to this. This extension contributes to lowering the spring constant. Since the three-dimensional three-dimensional knitted fabric of the fourth specific example has such characteristics, as described in the second specific example based on FIG.
- the sheet has a convex portion in the width direction of the sheet (Y direction). It is preferable to stretch so as to extend to
- the means for forming the recess 150 will be described.
- the formation position is arbitrary, but the concave portion 150 itself is a portion that does not exert a large effect as a restoring force in the thickness direction, and some of the connecting yarns 130 are entangled. Therefore, the connecting thread 130 in the region may be a portion where the arrangement density is coarse because the convex portion 160 is formed as a spring element having a substantially arch-shaped cross section. . As a result, the weight of the three-dimensional knitted fabric can be reduced.
- the thickness of the portion included is reduced along the ale direction together with the connecting portion 224, and the connecting yarn 130 included in the region is entangled. It is preferable to form by forming.
- the arrangement density of the connecting yarns of the convex portions and the concave portions can be made equal, and the thickness and knitting structure of the connecting yarns can be reduced.
- the arrangement density of the connecting yarns in the concave portions may be made higher than that in the convex portions.
- the arrangement density of the connecting yarns 130 in the region of the concave portion 150 and the region of the convex portion 160, the thickness of the connecting yarn 130, the length of the connecting yarn 130, the connecting yarn 130 Material, ground knitted fabric 220, 230 stitch shape, ground knitted fabric 220, 230 stitch size, ground knitted fabric 220, 230 It is also possible to form such that any one element or any two or more elements of the tightening force at the connection portion between the yarn 130 and the ground knitted fabrics 220, 230 are different. This makes it possible to more appropriately adjust the elastic function of the spring element having a substantially arcuate cross-section, and to press the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 close to each other as described later. Therefore, for example, by reducing the thickness of the connecting thread 130 in a region where the concave portion 150 is formed, the work can be facilitated.
- the connecting yarn 130 included in the region Prior to the formation of the concave portion 150, the connecting yarn 130 included in the region has a gap 2 2 between the adjacent band-shaped knitted fabric portions 2 2 1 as shown in FIG. Below 2, the connecting threads 130 intersect with each other and are inclined. Accordingly, by interlocking the connecting yarns 130 at the intersecting portions, as shown in FIG. 15, both sides of the convex portion 160 can be easily supported diagonally, and the cross section is substantially arched. Spring elements can be easily formed.
- the shape of the concave portion 150 is arbitrary, and can be formed in any direction along the surface.
- the protrusions 160 can be arranged in parallel by forming them along the aile direction at predetermined intervals in the course direction, and furthermore, in the aile direction.
- the convex portions 160 can be formed in a lattice shape or a staggered shape as shown in FIGS. 38A and 38B.
- 0 can be formed from only one side of the pair of ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230, but can also be formed from both sides as in the fourth specific example.
- a concave portion 150 is formed by bringing the ground knitted fabrics 220 and 230 close to each other.
- Means include welding means, bonding means, suturing means by sewing, and means for fusing fibers to be interposed between the ground knitted fabrics 220, 230 to melt and bond the fused fibers. Etc. can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use vibration welding means. This is because it can prevent the welded part from becoming rigid and has strong joint strength.
- the preferable range of the compression ratio, the compression elastic modulus, and the thickness of the convex portion 160 which is the main elastic portion in the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the fourth specific example is the ridge which is the main elastic portion in the third specific example. This is exactly the same as the part 223, and it is also preferable that the difference in the compressibility between the convex part 160 and the concave part 150 be set to be 5% or more.
- the ratio of the convex portion 160, which is the main elastic portion when projected onto a plane, occupying a unit area is preferably the same as that of the ridge portion 222 of the third specific example.
- the recess 150 has a substantially flat portion at the bottom of the valley as a width b when projected on a plane, and the interval between the substantially flat portions of the adjacent recesses 150 is the protrusion 1 6 0 Plane Width a when projected.
- thermoplastic resins represented by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyamide resins represented by nylon 6, nylon 66, etc., polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- polyamide resins represented by nylon 6, nylon 66, etc.
- Polyolefin resins used, or resins obtained by mixing two or more of these resins can be used.
- the connecting yarns 130 are entangled and joined to each other, thereby preventing the connecting yarns 130 from protruding.
- the stitch of the stitch formed by the ground yarn and the connecting yarn 130 constituting the stitch can be set lower than in the case of the third specific example, and the total thickness of the stitch can be set to a smaller range. settings of It can be. Thereby, the feel of the ground knitted fabric 220, 230 can be softened.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth specific example of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, which has a concave portion 150 and a convex portion 160 as in the fourth specific example, but has a ground knitted fabric 3 3
- 0 and 340 are flat flat knitted in both the ale direction and the course direction. It differs in that it is formed from the ground organization.
- the connecting yarn 350 is different in that the concave portions 150 are arranged at a uniform arrangement density on all surfaces in a state before being formed, and no rough portions are formed. Other conditions are exactly the same as in the fourth specific example. Therefore, the fifth specific example has substantially the same configuration as the second specific example.
- the fifth specific example also has the same characteristics as the fourth specific example because the convex portion 160 as the main elastic portion is partially formed.
- FIG. 20 shows the load characteristics of the three-dimensional knitted fabric having the same structure as that of the fifth specific example as Example 3, and as apparent from this figure, compared to the conventional one, Also in the fifth specific example, the spring constant decreases, the hysteresis loss decreases, and the linearity increases.
- the load characteristic of the third embodiment is lower than that of the second embodiment having the same structure as that of the fourth embodiment in the spring characteristic. This is also due to the use of thin connecting yarn.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the sixth specific example, and has a concave portion 150 and a convex portion 160 as in the fourth and fifth specific examples.
- the ground knitted fabric 43 has a diamond mesh structure in which a part 420 a forming the convex part 160 is formed continuously in the gel direction, and a concave part 150. Is formed from a flat knitted fabric structure that is continuous in both the ale direction and the course direction.
- the other ground knitted fabric 440 is similar to the other ground knitted fabric 230 in the third example shown in FIG. 12 in that the flat ground continuous in both the ale direction and the course direction is used. It is formed from a knitted fabric structure.
- the arrangement density of the portions forming the concave portions 150 is slightly higher than that of the convex portions 160.
- the convex portion 160 as the main elastic portion is partially formed. Therefore, it has characteristics similar to those of the fourth specific example. That is, as shown in FIG. 20, the load characteristics (Example 4) of the three-dimensional solid knitted fabric of the sixth specific example have a lower spring constant and a smaller hysteresis loss than the conventional one. It is getting smaller and the linearity is getting higher.
- the reason why the spring constant is higher than those according to the other embodiments shown in Examples 1 to 3 is that the connection density of the connection yarns is increased while using the connection yarns having the same diameters as those in Examples 1 and 2. Is higher.
- the above-mentioned three-dimensional knitted fabric is used as cushioning material (including skin material) by being stretched on the seat frames of various seats such as a vehicle river seat of an automobile, a train, an office chair, a chair for furniture, and the like. It is suitable for. However, when stretching the seat frame, it is preferable to stretch the seat frame at an elongation of less than 5% as described above. This makes it easier to create a structure having spring characteristics similar to those of human muscles, as shown in FIG. 21 described later.
- the convex portion is used as the main elastic portion
- the ridge portion as the convex portion or the ridge as the convex portion is also used.
- the ridge portion is used as the main elastic portion when the parts are connected by the connecting portion. Considering the ease of manufacture and the characteristics exhibited especially when used for automobile seats, such a configuration is preferable, but the connecting yarn By changing the thickness of the thread or the ground thread, or by changing the knitting structure, it is also possible to make the concave portion a main elastic portion having a high compression elastic modulus and exhibit characteristics comparable to the above.
- the band-shaped knitted fabric portion is formed by forming the gap portion.
- the ground knitted fabric may be knitted so that a large number of knitted fabrics are located, and the densely knitted portion may be used as a band-shaped knitted fabric portion, and the coarsely knitted portion may be used as a void portion.
- the ground knitted fabric may be knitted so that a large number of knitted fabrics are located, and the densely knitted portion may be used as a band-shaped knitted fabric portion, and the coarsely knitted portion may be used as a void portion.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric of Production Example 1 had no irregularities, and, as shown in FIG. 9, a ridge (band-like portion) 223 formed by being spaced apart by one or a plurality of niels, and a gap between the ridges 223 It is a structure having 222. In the gap portion 222, a connecting portion 224 is formed over one or several courses so as to bridge the adjacent ridge portions 223.
- Production Example 2 to Production Example 4 each have the uneven portion as shown in FIGS.
- Knitting machine Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge 2.54 cm, distance between hooks 15 mm) ⁇ Ale density: 10 pieces / 2.54 cm
- Finished thickness (distance between the surfaces of a pair of ground knitted fabrics): 11.5 mm
- Ground yarn of one ground knitted fabric 1 170 decitex Z 96 f Polyester / BCF multifilament (crimped yarn)
- Ground yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 660 decitex Z192 f polyester ⁇ B CF multifilament (crimped yarn)
- the structure of the ground knitted fabric a two-course mesh changing structure
- Knitting machine Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge 2.54 cm, distance between hooks 15 mm) ⁇ Enole density: 10 pieces Z 2.54 cm
- Finished thickness (distance between the surfaces of a pair of ground knitted fabrics): 11.5 mm
- Ground yarn of one ground knitted fabric 1 170 decitex nose 96 f
- Polyester / BCF multifilament crimped yarn
- Ground yarn of the other ground knitted fabric 660 decitex Z19 2 f Polyester / B CF multifilament (crimped yarn)
- the structure of the ground knitted fabric a two-course mesh changing structure
- Vibration welding conditions for recess pressure 18.2 kgf Zm 2 , amplitude 1.0 mm, time 1.2 sec
- Knitting machine Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge / 2.54 cm, distance between pots 15 mm) ⁇ Ale density: 9.8 pieces 2.54 cm
- Finished thickness (distance between the surfaces of a pair of ground knitted fabrics): 1 2.05 mm Ground yarn of one ground knitted fabric: 1 170 decitex 384 f Ground yarn of the other ground knitted fabric: 560 decitex 70 f
- Vibration welding condition of concave part Pressing force 21.7 kgf Zm 2 , amplitude 1.0 mm, time 1
- Knitting machine Double Russell knitting machine (9 gauge 2.54 cm, distance between hooks 15 mm) ⁇ Enole density: 9 pieces Z 2.54 cm
- Finished thickness (distance between the surfaces of a pair of ground knitted fabrics): 11.5 mm Durand yarn of one daland knitted fabric: 1 170 decitex / 96 f
- the structure of the Durand knitted fabric 1-repeat 4-course mesh at the convex, W-truss at the concave
- Vibration welding condition of concave part Pressing force 18.2 kgf Zm 2 , amplitude 1.0 mm, time 1
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric produced in Production Example 2 was used as the upper elastic member 31 d constituting the cushioning material 31 for the seat, and as shown in FIG.
- the sheet was installed along the left and right direction of the sheet, and the elastic compliance was determined from the amount of deflection with respect to the pressure value.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric constituting the upper elastic member 31d is disposed at an elongation of 0%, and the lower part of the upper elastic member 31d is formed from the three-dimensional knitted fabric as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
- the intermediate elastic member 31c, the mesh elastic member 31b, and the metal spring 31a are disposed.
- the three-dimensional knitted fabric constituting the intermediate elastic member 31c was manufactured under the same conditions as in Production Example 2 except that no irregularities were formed.
- the mesh elastic member 31b As the mesh elastic member 31b, a Plumaflex (trade name) was used, and this was supported by four metal springs 31a on each of the left and right sides. In addition, the reticulated elastic member 31b is 140 mn! From the rear end of the seat. Approximately 15 mm below the ischial tuberosity from the rear end of the seat surface and behind it, the elastic function of the net-like elastic member 31 b and metal spring 31 a is almost functional. Not provided.
- the metal spring 3 la used had a wire diameter of 2.6 mm, a coil length of 54.6 mm, an average coil diameter of 16.1 mm, a total number of turns of 20, and a spring constant of 0.55 N, mm. It is a coil spring.
- the cushioning material for the seat part 31 of the test example having such a configuration is 150 mm from the rear end of the seating surface (near the bottom of the ischial tuberosity), 250 mm from the rear end of the seating surface, 35 Omm from the rear end of the seating surface (front) In the vicinity of the edge 41), a circular pressure plate having a diameter of 98 mm was pressed from the surface of the three-dimensional knitted fabric to 10 ON at a speed of 50 mmZ, and the amount of deflection with respect to the pressure value was measured.
- the thickness at 105 Omm from the rear end of the seat is 105 mm
- the thickness at 250 mm from the rear end of the seat is 75 mm
- the seat is For a seat made of polyurethane foam with a thickness of 50 mm at the rear end of 350 mm as cushion material, 15 Omm from the rear end of the seat (near the lower part of the ischial tuberosity), 250 mm from the rear end of the seat, seat surface Similar measurements were made at 35 Omm (near the front edge 41) from the rear end. The results are shown in FIGS.
- the area around the subject's sciatic bone which is equivalent to 150 mm, 250 mm, and 350 mm from the rear end of the seating surface, 10 Omm below the sciatic bone, and 200 mm below the sciatic bone, has a circular shape with a diameter of 98 mm. It was compressed to 20 N by a pressure plate and the amount of deflection against the pressure value was measured. The results are shown in FIG. 23 to 25, the results of FIG. 22 are superimposed.
- the elastic compliance when the extension side reaction force is generated is the same as that of the human body part in the hysteresis in both the test example and the comparative example.
- the characteristics of the human body part had a change characteristic that tended to approximate the change characteristic of the elastic compliance.
- Fig. 26 and Fig. 27 show the elastic compliance characteristics of the test example at each of 15 Omm and 25 Omm from the rear end of the seat surface and the elastic compliance characteristics of the comparative example at the same site, respectively, superimposed.
- the linearity of the elastic compliance characteristic at 25 Omm was higher in the case of the test example, and there was almost no change in the case of the comparative example.
- the linearity changes near the front of the pelvis, so that when sitting, a weir is formed near the front of the pelvis, and the ischial tuberosity is formed. It can be seen that the lower part and the lower part relatively sink, preventing the buttocks from shifting forward and increasing the sense of stability when sitting.
- the elastic compliance when the extension side reaction force occurs near the leading edge is larger than the elastic compliance of the human body part.
- the elastic compliant body part about the same as the
- the pressure plate with a diameter of 98 mm is approximately equivalent to the contact area on one side of the thigh, but in the case of the test example, the elastic compliance at the leading edge is large as described above. Therefore, it is effective to prevent obstruction of blood flow in the thigh, and when the thigh is moved for dull operation, a large reaction force is not applied in such a contact area, so that smooth operation is possible. You can see that you can operate the pedal
- the vibration of 2 Hz or less which shakes the skeleton itself due to vibration
- the resonance peak is between 2 Hz and 5 Hz.
- the frequency is lower than when using polyurethane foam, and the vibration transmissibility of 6 to 8 Hz, which causes resonance with the internal organs, is smaller than when using polyurethane foam. Therefore, according to the seat of the present embodiment, the vibration absorbing performance is very excellent.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02708769A EP1393657B1 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-04-02 | Seat |
US10/477,877 US7275793B2 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-04-02 | Seat |
DE60227072T DE60227072D1 (de) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-04-02 | Sitz |
JP2002588805A JP3974856B2 (ja) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-04-02 | シート |
TW091107752A TWI279205B (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-04-16 | Seat |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-146471 | 2001-05-16 | ||
JP2001146471 | 2001-05-16 | ||
JP2001204925 | 2001-07-05 | ||
JP2001-204925 | 2001-07-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002091881A1 true WO2002091881A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
Family
ID=26615185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/003309 WO2002091881A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-04-02 | Seat |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7275793B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1393657B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3974856B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1531401A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60227072D1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI279205B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002091881A1 (ja) |
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- 2002-04-02 WO PCT/JP2002/003309 patent/WO2002091881A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-02 CN CNA028099052A patent/CN1531401A/zh active Pending
- 2002-04-02 EP EP02708769A patent/EP1393657B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-02 DE DE60227072T patent/DE60227072D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-02 US US10/477,877 patent/US7275793B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-02 JP JP2002588805A patent/JP3974856B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-16 TW TW091107752A patent/TWI279205B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2002339206A (ja) * | 2001-05-16 | 2002-11-27 | Delta Tooling Co Ltd | 三次元立体編物 |
JP2006188773A (ja) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-20 | Delta Tooling Co Ltd | 合成皮革及び立体編物 |
JP2006345952A (ja) * | 2005-06-13 | 2006-12-28 | Delta Tooling Co Ltd | 座席用ベースネット支持機構及び座席構造 |
JP4611130B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-13 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社デルタツーリング | 座席用ベースネット支持機構及び座席構造 |
JP2013112084A (ja) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-10 | Delta Tooling Co Ltd | ベースネット及び座席構造 |
EP2862747A1 (en) | 2013-10-19 | 2015-04-22 | Delta Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Seat |
US9682644B2 (en) | 2013-10-19 | 2017-06-20 | Delta Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Seat |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1531401A (zh) | 2004-09-22 |
JP3974856B2 (ja) | 2007-09-12 |
US7275793B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 |
EP1393657A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
DE60227072D1 (de) | 2008-07-24 |
TWI279205B (en) | 2007-04-21 |
US20040145230A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
EP1393657B1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
EP1393657A4 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
JPWO2002091881A1 (ja) | 2005-08-25 |
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